EP3231786A1 - Statischer mischer mit einer schervorrichtung, und herstellungsverfahren eines sprengstoffs - Google Patents

Statischer mischer mit einer schervorrichtung, und herstellungsverfahren eines sprengstoffs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3231786A1
EP3231786A1 EP17166162.2A EP17166162A EP3231786A1 EP 3231786 A1 EP3231786 A1 EP 3231786A1 EP 17166162 A EP17166162 A EP 17166162A EP 3231786 A1 EP3231786 A1 EP 3231786A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixer
pipe
tube
matrix
mixture
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Granted
Application number
EP17166162.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3231786B1 (de
Inventor
Nicolas RIQUEAU
Gilles Jauffret
Cédric GENRE
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Nitrates et Innovation SAS
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Nitrates et Innovation SAS
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Publication of EP3231786A1 publication Critical patent/EP3231786A1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4314—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor with helical baffles
    • B01F25/43141—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor with helical baffles composed of consecutive sections of helical formed elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
    • C06B47/14—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase
    • C06B47/145—Water in oil emulsion type explosives in which a carbonaceous fuel forms the continuous phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/10—Maintenance of mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/165—Making mixers or parts thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of the preparation and use of explosive products including explosive emulsions used in the extraction of raw material and mining industry.
  • ammonium nitrate sodium nitrate
  • calcium nitrate The most frequently used oxidizing raw materials in this industry are: ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate. With regard to fuels, it is gas oil that is either pure or mixed with new or used mineral oils, especially recycled motor oil.
  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of explosive charges from an emulsion or matrix that is sensitized by mixing with reagents that react with the emulsion and generate a chemical gasification.
  • a gasification reagent (hereinafter R) based on sodium nitrite or equivalent is used. in the presence of a catalyst such as an acid, especially acetic acid of the following chemical reaction:
  • the present invention relates more particularly to the use of these products in a hole in which a priming charge and a detonator wire are placed and in which the explosive products (emulsion mixture + gasification reagent) are transferred using a flexible hose.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to a process in which mixing of the emulsion and porosity reactants is carried out at the site of use of the explosive and more particularly in a hole, in particular a borehole, which the we feeds into an explosive charge using a transfer line from an installation where the emulsion matrix is made and / or stored at a distance from the hole.
  • the hole has a depth of 5 to 30m and a diameter of 5 to 50 cm.
  • the basic raw material, the emulsion matrix can be produced on site by a modular plant as described in PCT / FR2014 / 050032 or through a mobile installation, ie trucks carrying materials useful for manufacturing that go to the site of use (mines, quarries or construction site) for the production of explosives.
  • said first and second hoses are joined to each other so that said second pipe is disposed entirely within the first pipe forming a set of coaxial pipes, said die being conveyed without contact with the a gasification reagent in the annular space between the two coaxial pipes, said first mixer being disposed inside the first pipe at its downstream end, said second pipe terminating just upstream of said first mixer.
  • the gasification reagent is conveyed separately without contact with the matrix until it opens into the static mixer in which an intimate mixture of the two products is produced in order to produce the explosive product at the outlet of the static mixer. end downstream of the first pipe.
  • Said first pipe or outer pipe is secured to said second pipe or inner pipe only at a connecting piece and supply upstream of said drum.
  • the process according to WO 201540462 It therefore consists in varying the respective proportions of gasification reagent and emulsion matrix entering the mixer to change in real time the density of the product arriving in the hole during a single filling procedure. This is made possible, among other things, by the fact that the reagents R and matrix M are brought into contact just before the mixer and the explosive product deposited in the hole exits directly from said mixer.
  • the process according to WO 201540462 allows to modify almost in real time the density of the product and therefore the energy density of the explosive, the latter being inversely proportional to its density, and more particularly, to vary the density of the product allows to have a high density, in the bottom of the hole and a lighter density in the column in height.
  • a problem of this type of process is to obtain homogeneous or reproducible density mixtures and thus to refine the control of the composition and therefore of the density of the mixture.
  • Another problem is to be able to obtain an enlarged density range of the mixture product
  • Another problem is to better control and also to reduce the reaction time between the emulsion matrix and the gasification reagent that occurs in the hole after depositing the mixture therein.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to improve the operating conditions of the in-situ explosive product production method above and in particular also the safety of the process.
  • the technical effect of the static mixer is considerably improved to solve the above problems if the mixture was subjected to a treatment of increasing its viscosity by shearing downstream or preferably upstream of the static mixer preferably by at least doubling the viscosity of the mixture.
  • the shearing device may be disposed downstream or preferably upstream of said mixer.
  • the shearing device comprises a wall defining a surface of revolution relative to the longitudinal axis XX 'of said pipe or tube forming an internal passage channel of the mixture, a surface of revolution whose cross sectional area of passage of the said mixture gradually decreases from an inlet passage section of the shear device of area S1 to a passage section at the outlet of the shear device of area S2 less than S1 and opening into an area of said tube or pipe more large cross section as the said passage section output.
  • the shearing device comprises a frustoconical wall or frustoconical type called restriction cone forming an internal channel passage of the mixture, the cross section of the mixture passing through said restriction cone gradually decreases passing a circular passage section at the inlet of the restriction cone to a passage section at the outlet of the reduced-size restriction cone, said outlet section being circular or oblong.
  • the gas bubbles are better blocked in the mixture thanks to the higher viscosity (better resistance of the gas bubbles in the matrix), hence the possibility of incorporating more and thus lower density.
  • This is interesting in some applications when one wants to make optimized energy (final objective) and thus this offers more flexibility because the density range is wider. This is also interesting when we want to reduce energy, and therefore density, for special applications such as cutting.
  • Another advantage is to obtain a faster gasification in the hole before stuffing, which translates concretely on the ground by the possibility of putting the stuffing in the hole over the explosive mixture faster and thus to save time on the cycle of shooting.
  • Another advantage of the increase in viscosity is to obtain a better accuracy of the load that is to say to better control the removal of the product in terms of quantity (consumption of explosive is better controlled) and accuracy of location (less sag, less loss in cracks).
  • Another advantage of the viscosity increase is to obtain a better lift of the column of the explosive mixture in the borehole after removal.
  • the viscosity of said mixture is increased by at least a factor of 2.
  • the ratio of the areas of said passage sections of inlet and outlet diameters of the restriction cone is S1 / S2 is at least 2, preferably less than 3.
  • the increase in viscosity is related to a shearing effect created by the diameter reduction.
  • the emulsion droplets which form the matrix are subjected to a uni-axial elongation in the center of the flow and shear resulting from the friction of the mixture on the walls of the device. This divides each drop into a smaller amount of drops, resulting in increased viscosity and increased intimacy between the matrix and the gasification reagent. More gas bubbles are produced. They are better retained by the viscosity increase of the matrix.
  • a gasification time of 45 minutes is changed to 25 minutes, ie a decrease of 20 minutes per 100 kg of product at 20 ° C with a pumping rate of 100 kg / min and a density final about 1 +/- 5% with a reduction of the amount of gasification reagent by 20%.
  • mixing is carried out in a first mixer comprising a static mixer placed in a pipe or tube and said shearing device is placed in said pipe or tube just upstream of said static mixer.
  • static mixer is intended to mean a device containing mechanical elements able to create a modification in the movement of a moving fluid traveling through it creating divisions and rotations of the vortex flow and / or movements allowing mixing without energy input to move said mechanical elements other than that provided by the movement of the fluid.
  • Static mixers consist of a tube containing one or more three-dimensional structures favoring the appearance of divisions and rotations of the flow and / or vortices during the passage of a flow of fluid in the longitudinal direction of the tube.
  • a dispersion device called jet jet in the form of a double transverse crosspiece arranged transversely, axially centered and fixed within said sleeve tube downstream of the outlet orifice of the shearing device for reducing the speed and pressure of the mixing fluid at this level.
  • This dispersion device aims to mechanically protect the static mixer without affecting the viscosity of the fluid.
  • a viscosity increase with diameter reduction mentioned above it is possible to pass from a pressure of 0.5 ⁇ 10 5 Pa at the inlet of the restriction cone to 8 ⁇ 10 5 Pa at the outlet.
  • said mixer comprises a plurality of blades or butt fins each having a helical surface, extending in its axial direction (XX ') over a length corresponding preferably to a half-pitch of the corresponding helical curve, said helical surfaces being supported by a same support to which they are preferably fixed juxtaposed in the longitudinal direction of said pipe or tube, said blades of successive helical surfaces being all substantially the same diameter as the inner diameter of the inner surface cylindrical of said pipe or tube and angularly offset in rotation relative to their common virtual axis of helical surface coinciding substantially with a longitudinal axis of said pipe or tube, preferably said successive helical surfaces being shifted by 90 °.
  • Said blades or helical fins have a twisted or spiral shape and act as a mixer by dividing by two the flux at each fin or blade at their transverse input edge, therefore by a succession of division and rotation of the different currents divided due to the angular offset of each transverse edge output or trailing edge of the blade relative to its input edge preferably at an angle of 90 °, under the effect of the pressure of the flows of matrix and reagent mixed therethrough.
  • said first mixer comprises a rigid sheath tube which supports said blades or fins which are integral therewith and in which said blades or fins are disposed, the edge of each fin being in contact and secured along its length with the inner wall of said sheath tube, said rigid tube having an outer diameter substantially the same or just sufficiently smaller than the internal diameter of the pipe supplying said first mixer in said mixture and wherein said mixer is disposed.
  • said sheath tube of said mixer comprises lateral perforations.
  • the lateral openings of the sheath have the function of allowing the cleaning of the room after use.
  • said sheath tube comprises, preferably at its downstream end, a thread on its cylindrical outer wall making it possible to screw it and thus to fix it removably against the inner wall of said first pipe, preferably at its end. downstream.
  • said first static mixer consisting of said sheath tube and said blades or vanes and said restriction cone which are integral therewith are of material and are made in one and the same piece, preferably plastic.
  • the previous mixer was made of stainless steel, this one is made of plastic, in particular polyamide reinforced with glass fibers, hence a gain in safety because this mixer is located at the end of the pipe and therefore in contact with explosives and detonators.
  • step 1) said matrix is transferred into a first flexible pipe and said gasification reagent is transferred into a second flexible pipe, said first and second flexible pipes being joined together with the other so that said second pipe is disposed entirely inside the first pipe forming a set of coaxial pipes, said die being conveyed without contact with the gasification reagent in the annular space between the two coaxial pipes, said first mixer being disposed within the first pipe at its downstream end, said second pipe terminating just upstream of said shearing device and said first mixer.
  • the present invention also relates to a mixer comprising a shearing device just upstream of a static mixer suitable for being placed in a pipe as defined above and useful in a method according to the invention.
  • said mixer comprises a shearing device attached to a static mixer upstream of said static mixer, said shearing device and said static mixer being arranged within a rigid tube and integral with said rigid tube, said rigid tube being adapted to be placed in a pipe for the implementation of a method according to the invention.
  • upstream and downstream the position in reference to the flow direction of the fluids in the pipes from the tanks to the first mixer and to the outlet opening into the dispensing hole of the product. explosive at the output of the first mixer.
  • holes 5 to 30 m deep and 5 cm to 20 cm in diameter are formed, and at least two, preferably 4, amounts of explosive product are defined for 4 density values corresponding to mass energies of 2 to 5 MJ. / kg (10 6 J / kg), in particular densities of 0.5 to 1.5.
  • the amount of explosive product substantially corresponds to the amount of said matrix because the relative amount of reagent is of the order of 0.1 to 2% only relative to the weight of explosive product obtained.
  • At least two, preferably 4, quantities of explosive product are determined and used for decreasing distinct density values, preferably a density exhibiting a said predetermined value between 0.5 and 1.5, more preferably from 0.8 to 1.2, during filling.
  • the values of a and b depend on the composition of said porosity reactants and said matrix. Charts provide graphs of said reactant flow rates in L / min relative to flow values of said matrix in Kg / min. Thus, for a fixed matrix flow rate value, it is sufficient to vary the rate of gasification reagent.
  • the respective quantities and flow rates of said matrix and said gasification reagent are controlled and controlled by controlling and controlling valves and / or the speeds of said first and / or second pumps, in an automated manner with the aid of a central control and control unit comprising electronic means controlled by software with a keyboard and / or graphic interface, preferably allows said central unit being supported on a motorized vehicle, preferably said vehicle supporting said first and second tanks and say first and second pump.
  • Input data of quantities and flow rates of matrix, gasification reagent and explosive product and density can be loaded automatically to the central unit from a USB port or via a WIFI connection to facilitate the procedure and limit the risk of errors.
  • step 1) said matrix and said gasification reagent are separately transferred from said first and second reservoirs respectively into first pipe and second pipe respectively with a first pump and a second pump, respectively, and control and controlling a constant flow rate of said die by controlling the speed of the first pump with a speed sensor of said first pump, and varying the flow rate of said gasification reagent by controlling the speed of the second pump using a flow meter.
  • first and second hoses are joined with each other to form a complex set of hoses connected to a take-up drum, and at least partially wound or wound on said take-up drum.
  • a reel drum of 30 to 80 cm diameter is used for a pipe 30 to 100m long with external diameters of first pipe 30 to 50mm and internal diameters of 25 to 40mm and external diameters of second pipe 5 to 15 mm with an internal diameter of 3 to 10mm.
  • the junction of the water circuit 1c on the first matrix circuit la is by a piece 1d called "lubrication water injector ring".
  • the function of the water is only the lubrication of the matrix for a reduction of the losses of charges.
  • the pipe constituting a first matrix transfer circuit connects the first tank 1-1 to a first external flexible pipe 6 1 of the pipe assembly 6 wound on a winder 5.
  • the second gasification reagent transfer circuit 1b comprises pipes from the second reservoir 1-2 to a second internal gasification reagent transfer pipe 6 2 of the pipe assembly 6 wound on the reel 5.
  • the second pipe 6 2 is disposed at the inside of the first pipe 6 1 and is positioned substantially coaxially inside the pipe 6 1 when due to the flow of matrix passing in the annular space between the first pipe 6 1 and the second pipe 6 2 when one transfers said matrix to the borehole 21.
  • the truck 1 also supports a static mixer called "second mixer" static 2-6, upstream of the coaxial pipe assembly 6.
  • the truck 1 also supports on its rear chassis the central control unit 9 comprising a keyboard and / or a graphical interface, cooperating with software capable of controlling the actuation of said pumps and said valves.
  • the central control unit 9 comprising a keyboard and / or a graphical interface, cooperating with software capable of controlling the actuation of said pumps and said valves.
  • the gasification reagent transfer circuit 1b joins the first matrix transfer circuit 1a downstream of the second mixer 2-6 at a connecting part called the first connection piece 3 which ensures the connection between the first pipe 1a and the second pipe 1b just upstream of the set of coaxial pipes 6 wound on the winder 5, so that the flow of gasification reagent is transferred into the second inner pipe 6 2 and the flow of matrix from the first circuit is transferred inside the first pipe 6 1 and outside the second pipe 6 2 in the annular space between the inner wall of the first pipe 6 1 and the second pipe 6 2 as described below.
  • the valve V3 makes it possible, by forcing the circulation of the gasification reagent to the bypass 1b-1, to obtain a first operating mode of the installation according to a traditional method in which the gasification reagent and the matrix are mixed within the mixer. 2-6 upstream of the transfer pipe assembly 6 to the borehole 21.
  • the explosive product produced within the mixer 2-6 is conveyed over a long distance, i.e. all along a long pipe joining the borehole 21.
  • a matrix fluid pressure sensor 1a-1 Downstream of the first pump 2-1, are also mounted on the first circuit 1-a different sensors namely, a matrix fluid pressure sensor 1a-1, a temperature sensor 1a-2, and a detection sensor no flow rate of matrix flow 1a-3.
  • a second gasification reagent transfer pipe is disposed within a first die transfer pipe 6-1, to form a pipe assembly 6 according to the following arrangement.
  • the two independent matrix transfer pipes 1a and gasification reagent transfer 1b meet at a first connection piece 3 with rotary joint connections.
  • the said connecting piece is also used for the lateral feeding of the internal gasification reagent pipe from said second transfer circuit and upstream of said first connecting piece, said first and second circuits are separated and extend from said first and second tanks in different directions and said first piece provides the coaxial connection of the two first and second pipes downstream thereof, the two flows of said matrix and said reagent remaining however separated to the first mixer.
  • the attachment of the upstream ends of said first and second pipes to said first and second ports the said first connection piece is made via two connectors with rotating joints 4 1 each allowing separately the rotation on itself with respect to said longitudinal axis (XX ') of the upstream ends of said first and second respectively pipes, said first connecting piece and said joints with rotating joints being arranged upstream of said winding drum so that said first and second outlet orifices are arranged in the axis of rotation of said drum.
  • This feature is particularly advantageous because it avoids twisting of said first and second pipes during winding and unwinding of said pipes on said reel when the upstream uncoiled portions of said pipes are rotated on themselves relative to said axis of rotation said drum in a differentiated manner.
  • the first connecting piece 3 is disposed just upstream of a drum winder 5 supported by a structure or beam 5a. On the winding drum 5, is wound a flexible downstream portion 6 1b of the first pipe 6 1 connected to an upstream rigid portion 6 1 by a removable collar 6 1 c.
  • the upstream rigid portion 6 1a of the first pipe 6 1 integral with both of the first connecting piece 3 via the first rotary joint connection 4 1 and also integral with the winding drum 5 is thus rotated with the winding drum 5 around it of the common axis of rotation XX 'of the winding drum 5 and said rotary joints 4 1 and the connecting piece 3.
  • the rigid portion 6 1 has different bends, so that its upstream portion is disposed in the axial direction XX 'of the first connecting piece 3 while its downstream portion at the collar 6 1 c is arranged in a tangential direction of a cylindrical portion 5 1 of the winding drum 5 on which can be wound the second flexible part 6 1b of the first pipe 6 1 upon actuation of rotating the winding drum 5.
  • the second pipe 6 2 disposed inside the first pipe 6 1 but has two flexible parts 6 2 a and 6 2 b interconnected by a double union connection 6 3 .
  • Fitting dual-law status 6 3 is disposed just downstream of the collar 6 1 c so that when opening and / or removing the collar 6 1 c to separate the two parts of the first pipe 6 and 6 1a 1b, we can extract the second pipe 6 2 and uncouple the two parts 6 and 6 2 2 a second pipe 6 b 2 and easily shorten as necessary the downstream portion b 2 June when one has previously been led to shorten the worn downstream end of the flexible portion 6 1b of the first pipe 6 1, as described below.
  • the downstream end of the second pipe 6 2 comprises an anti-return valve 6 4 , for example of the type sold by the company Swagelok.
  • the valve 6 4 is located as close technically as possible to the upstream end of a first static mixer 7 disposed at the downstream end of the first pipe 6 1 .
  • the valve 6 4 opens under the reactive pressure gasification browsing the pipe 6 2 When the pump 2 2 operates; and the valve 6 4 closes when the second pump 2-2 stops and the gasification reagent flow pressure decreases.
  • the valve 6 4 is connected to the downstream end of the inner pipe 6 2 . This valve is important to allow the reliable and accurate control of the variation in real time during filling of the hole of the density of the explosive product obtained by mixing said matrix and said gasification reagent.
  • a flexible thermoplastic may be used in outer diameter 42 mm and internal diameter of 32 mm, 30 to 100 m long.
  • thermoplastic pipes of external diameter of 13.2 mm and internal diameter of 8.3 mm will be used.
  • Said first mixer 7 consists of a cylindrical sheath tube 7b which extends over a length of 0.25 to 1m and of external diameter just below inner diameter of the first pipe 6 1 is for example about 32 mm and inner diameter about 27 mm.
  • This sheath tube comprises a plurality of spaced lateral orifices 7c to facilitate internal cleaning.
  • said tube comprises at its longitudinal ends upstream and downstream transverse bars 7d which facilitates handling making it capable of being apprehended by a hook as necessary to put it in place or remove it.
  • its outer surface comprises a thread 7e to allow attachment against the inner surface of the pipe 6 1 .
  • the sleeve tube 7b contains and supports 4 to 8 fins or twisted blades with helical surface 7a juxtaposed in the direction X 1 X 1 'of the tube 7b, the helical longitudinal edge of each fin being fixed to the inner wall of said tube, said fins therefore all having the same diameter corresponding to the internal diameter of said tube.
  • the fins 7a are juxtaposed against each other in the longitudinal direction X 1 X 1 ', but the different portions of helical surfaces are not continuous helically, that is to say that the trailing edge of each fin is angularly offset from the transverse input edge of said fin and the transverse input edge of the next fin. More particularly, the successive fins are angularly offset so as to optimize the performance of said mixer, in particular staggered at 90 ° successively with respect to the axis X 1 X 1 '.
  • the helical elements have a diameter of substantially 30mm, a helical surface thickness of about 2mm, a length of about 50mm and an angular offset of about 90 °, the total length of the mixer being about 400mm.
  • the flow of gasification reagent leaving the valve 6 4 and the flow of matrix arriving at the valve 6 4 outside thereof, can begin to mix in the pipe 6 and then within the restriction cone 10 where they undergo an increase in viscosity before mixing more intimately at the fins 7a.
  • the various successive helical elements 7a are successively in reverse direction.
  • the flow of material through the static mixer in the longitudinal direction X 1 X 1 ' becomes laminar and is divided into partial currents by a first helical element 7a, then redivated to the passage of a following helical element 7a and so on which causes by the action of the blades or blades a rotation of the mixture product on itself.
  • the helical elements 7a are not themselves in relative movement with respect to the fluid mixture and in any event, no source of power is required other than that provided by said pumps to overcome the pressure drop. induced by the baffles formed by the successions of said helical elements 7a.
  • the axial length of the cone is 20-40m.
  • the slope of the frustoconical wall is constant from about 10 to 60 °, here about for an axial length (distance between C1 and C2) of about 20 mm.
  • the slope of the wall of the restriction cone is variable from 5 ° to 50, here from 10 ° to 30 ° (10 ° in the lateral circular part, 30 ° in the median right part) for an axial length of about 20mm.
  • the distance L2 from cone 10 to disperser 11 is 35 mm and the distance from disperser 11 to the first helical blade is about 10 mm.
  • a sheath tube of length 250mm containing only 4 blades 7a 40mm in length is sufficient because of the increase in viscosity.
  • said circular or oblong outlet section opens into an area of said rigid tube of greater cross section than said outlet passage section.
  • a dispersing device referred to as a jet breeze 11 is in the form of a transverse transverse double crossbeam, axially centered and fixed within said barrel tube downstream of the outlet orifice (C2) of the shear device which reduces the speed and pressure of the fluid at this level.
  • This dispersion device aims to mechanically protect the static mixer without affecting the viscosity of the fluid.
  • Fixing the mixer 7 by screwing at its thread 7e against the inner wall 6 1 e of the downstream end of the first pipe 6 1 has the essential function of holding the static mixer 7 within the downstream end of the first pipe 6 1 .
  • the unscrewing makes it possible to remove the first mixer 7 from the downstream end of the first pipe 6 1 and thus to be able to cut the downstream end of the pipe 6 1 when it is damaged after a certain number of uses because the surface external end of the downstream end of the pipe 6 1 in contact with the walls of the drill holes 21 formed of rocky 25 tend to damage the downstream end of the pipe 6 1 during the operation.
  • each helical fin is performed at their peripheral edges on the inner surface of the sheath 7b.
  • Upstream of the succession of helical fins 7a is an element called disperser or jetbreaker 11, optional, interposed between said fins 7a of the static mixer and a shearing device consisting of a restriction cone 10 according to the present invention. , the disperser 11 and the restriction cone 10 being also integral with and supported by said sheath tube 7b.
  • the mixer 7 comprising the sheath tube, the helical fins 7a and the disperser 11 and restriction cone 10 contained and supported by the sheath tube are made of material and constitute a single piece of material.
  • a method according to the invention is used in which the density of the explosive product produced continuously is varied during the filling of a borehole 21 in a single pass, that is to say, without having to raise the pipe 6 during filling, as described below.
  • ammonium and / or calcium nitrates are added in a proportion of 15 to 35% and a catalyst for example of acetic acid in a proportion of 0.5 to 2%. to which one can also add aluminum (in the form of powder of particle size between about 100 ⁇ m and 2mm) in a content of 1 to 10% by weight also.
  • This matrix is thus obtained according to the present description within the first reservoir 1-1.
  • a gasification reagent which is here in particular an aqueous solution of about 20% of sodium nitrite and 80% of water may include catalysts such as sodium thiocyanate , sodium formate, zinc nitrate and / or calcium nitrate.
  • the density of the basic emulsion (not supplemented) described above is for example about 1.4 to 1.6 and the density of the supplemented emulsion defining said matrix as described above, before mixing with the gasification reagent is 0.8 to 1.3.
  • the density of the gasification reaction mixture product within said first mixer is from 1.25 to 1.45 according to the respective proportions of quantities and / or flow rates of said matrix and said gasification reagent and the density of the explosive product after gasification. is from 0.8 to 1.2.
  • the average energy of an explosive product of density 1.2 is 3.7 MJ / kg, ie 4.44 MJ / L.
  • the explosive energy will be 1.85 to 5.55 MJ / L.
  • the automated control and control unit 9 makes it possible to control the proportional valves V1 and V2 regulating the flows of matrix and gasification reagent, and the actuation and speed of the motors of the pumps 2-1 and 2-2.
  • the flow rates X and Y are provided by calibrating the pump 2-2 speed sensor 2-2 for the values of X (kg / min) and by the flow meter 2-2a for the gasification reagent Y flow (L / 2). min).
  • the operator driving the selected plant will select the desired explosive product densities as well as the corresponding amounts for each density based on his needs analysis in the relevant borehole given the surrounding rocky environment.
  • X being constant, the flow rate of gasification reagent is determined automatically from the chart according to the desired density.
  • the operator will choose up to four different densities called d1, d2, d3 and d4.
  • the densities d1 to d4 of explosive products to be produced and the corresponding quantities are entered at the level of the central unit 9 via a touch-sensitive keyboard 9a appearing on the screen of the graphic interface 9b. The operator can then start a pumping cycle.
  • the automated central unit 9 thus makes it possible to control and control the gasification reagent flow rate values as described above, simply by adjusting the speed of the hydraulic motor of the second pump 2-2 transferring the gasification reagent, and by maintaining a substantially constant flow rate of 125 kg / min of said matrix.
  • Such control and flow regulation of the gasification reagent makes it possible to vary, almost in real time, the product density value obtained at the outlet of the first static mixer 7 and discharged directly into the borehole, because of the automation of the control and regulation of the flow of gasification reagent by the central unit 9.
  • said explosive product obtained at the outlet of said first mixer is transferred to and deposited in an explosion hole 21, in or above which the downstream end of the first mixer is disposed, said hole being situated at a distance from said tanks, of at least 20 m, hole, preferably a substantially cylindrical borehole, in which an explosive ignition charge 22 and a detonator 23 connected to a detonator wire 24 have previously been placed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
EP17166162.2A 2016-04-13 2017-04-12 Statischer mischer mit einer schervorrichtung, und herstellungsverfahren eines sprengstoffs Active EP3231786B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1653261A FR3050205B1 (fr) 2016-04-13 2016-04-13 Melangeur statique avec un dispositif de cisaillement et procede de production d'explosif

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3556741A1 (de) * 2018-04-16 2019-10-23 Maxamcorp Holding, S.L. Verfahren und einrichtung zum laden von bohrlöchern mit auf wasser basierenden suspensions- oder wassergelartigen sprengstoffen
CN113514347A (zh) * 2021-05-14 2021-10-19 长安大学 一种孔内原位剪切测试装置及测试方法
CN115406313A (zh) * 2022-07-26 2022-11-29 浙江永联民爆器材有限公司 一种智能装配机器装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2163459A1 (de) * 1971-12-15 1973-07-27 Corning Glass Works
WO2015040462A1 (en) 2013-09-13 2015-03-26 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Power transmitting apparatus for hybrid vehicle
WO2015140462A1 (fr) 2014-03-21 2015-09-24 Nitrates & Innovation Procede de production d'explosif par melange avec un reactif de gazeification

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2163459A1 (de) * 1971-12-15 1973-07-27 Corning Glass Works
WO2015040462A1 (en) 2013-09-13 2015-03-26 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Power transmitting apparatus for hybrid vehicle
WO2015140462A1 (fr) 2014-03-21 2015-09-24 Nitrates & Innovation Procede de production d'explosif par melange avec un reactif de gazeification

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
APRILIA JAYA ET AL: "KLM Technology Group Practical Engineering Guidelines for Processing Plant Solutions - STATIC MIXER (ENGINEERING DESIGN GUIDELINE)", 2 April 2014 (2014-04-02), XP055333937, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://kolmetz.com/pdf/EDG/ENGINEERING_DESIGN_GUIDELINE_static_mixer_Rev02web.pdf> [retrieved on 20170110] *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3556741A1 (de) * 2018-04-16 2019-10-23 Maxamcorp Holding, S.L. Verfahren und einrichtung zum laden von bohrlöchern mit auf wasser basierenden suspensions- oder wassergelartigen sprengstoffen
WO2019201851A1 (en) * 2018-04-16 2019-10-24 Maxamcorp Holding, S.L. Procedure and installation for loading boreholes with bulk water-based suspension or watergel type explosives
EA039171B1 (ru) * 2018-04-16 2021-12-14 Максамкорп Холдинг С.Л. Процедура и установка для заряжания скважин наливными суспензионными взрывчатым веществом (вв) на водной основе или вв типа водного геля
CN113514347A (zh) * 2021-05-14 2021-10-19 长安大学 一种孔内原位剪切测试装置及测试方法
CN115406313A (zh) * 2022-07-26 2022-11-29 浙江永联民爆器材有限公司 一种智能装配机器装置
CN115406313B (zh) * 2022-07-26 2024-03-22 浙江永联民爆器材有限公司 一种装配机器装置

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EP3231786B1 (de) 2020-08-05
FR3050205B1 (fr) 2020-10-23
FR3050205A1 (fr) 2017-10-20

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