Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
  • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
  • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
  • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
  • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
  • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
• • H02J3/383—
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
  • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
  • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
  • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
  • G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
  • G01R31/42—AC power supplies
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
  • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
  • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
  • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
  • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
  • H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
  • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
  • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
  • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
  • H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
  • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
  • H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
  • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
  • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
  • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of renewable energies, and more particularly the use of the production of renewable energy for self-consumption.
• on grid in French connected to the network
• off grid in French, off-grid
• On-grid systems are systems that produce energy on an available grid. With this type of system, it is only possible to inject the production to the network. No storage is possible.
• Off-grid systems are not connected to a public grid and are not considered to be connected to the main or national grid. With this type of system, it is only possible to store and / or self-consume the production. No injection to the network is possible. In this type of system, it is necessary to use a charge controller that includes additional losses over the entire system.
• Off-grid systems also use the all-or-nothing principle for electrical output either by batteries or by the public electricity grid. These power relays create micro-cuts when they transfer energy from one source to another.
• the off-grid inverters have an identical power input and output, that is to say that the cumulative power of the output loads is limited.
• An off-grid system consists of several elements, which involves complex wiring and a large system.
• the method injects current from the solar panel or the battery to the residence or the local electrical network if the power consumed by the residence or the local electrical network is greater than the predetermined power reference.
• the method consumes power from the public electricity network to charge the battery if the power consumed by the residence or the local power network is less than the predetermined power reference.
• the method is composed of at least one battery cell of electrochemical accumulator technology.
• the present invention aims to remedy these disadvantages.
• the present invention aims at a method of energy management, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
• the power source is connected to the electrical output for powering it, if the power produced by the energy source is greater than the power consumed by the electrical output,
• the power source is connected to the battery for powering it, if the power produced by the energy source is greater than the power exchanged with the battery, or
• the energy source is connected to the electrical network
• the electrical output is connected to the power source, the battery or the electrical network according to hourly charging information of the kWh supplied by the public electricity network, such as full time or off-peak time, in which the electrical output is connected:
• electrical outlet refers to an element that consumes electricity, for example a bulb, a domestic hot water tank, etc.
• the term "electricity network” refers to a public network of which a set of more or less available energy infrastructures makes it possible to convey the electrical energy from the production centers to the electricity consumers.
• high and low refers to the price of electricity from the electricity grid, for example in France, EDF (registered trademark) offers two hourly rates according to the time of day: full hour pricing and off-peak pricing .
• EDF registered trademark
• the high pricing information is 15.93 euro cents per KWh, (full hour).
• the low pricing information is 10, 48 eurocents per KWh (full hour).
• the method controls the load as a function of the pricing information. For example, the charge control of the heating of the hot water tank is only performed during a low tariff.
• the method allows the optimization of production management according to the consumption, storage and availability of the network.
• the process uses and directs the energy produced intelligently for optimal performance.
• the energy produced is directly sent to the power grid without loss of energy since there is no passage to a battery.
• the state of the art shows us that in off-grid systems, the energy produced first goes into the batteries to charge them and only then the energy is used to power the outputs.
• This principle of the state of the art includes a loss of energy of the order of 20%.
• the transmission makes it possible to consult in real time the production and the electrical consumption. There is then a better interaction with the public electricity network.
• the method makes it possible to control the process remotely in order to be able to change the priorities of the energy flows or to change the options on the use of energy flows at the request of the end user without the intervention of a man from job.
• the end customer can, for example:
• the method when the power source is supplying the electrical output, the method also comprises the following steps:
• the process makes it possible to increase the total output of the production of the energy source and thus to reduce the price of the kWh consumed by directly supplying the electrical output and charging only the excess of the production of the source of energy. energy in the battery. This principle avoids yield losses due to different non-essential conversions.
• the method when the power source is powering the battery, the method also includes the following steps:
• the method allows countries with an unstable electricity network to ensure that they have a full battery so that they can fully use it in the event of a problem on the public electricity grid. It also makes it possible to supply the electrical output in the case where the power output of the energy source is greater than the maximum power charge or in the case of a battery that is already fully charged.
• the method comprises a step of measuring the electrical network and if the measurand of the voltage of the electrical network is greater than zero, then the predetermined limit value is 30 to 55%, preferably 45 to 55% and when the measurand of the mains voltage is zero then the predetermined limit value is 60 to 90%, preferably 75 to 85%.
• the method makes it possible to increase the life of the battery when the public electricity network is present and also to increase the autonomy of the system in the event of a problem on the public electricity network and without the intervention of a person skilled in the art.
• the lifetime of the connected batteries is preserved and their longevity is increased.
• the use of two predetermined limit values (one of the order of 50% and the other of the order of 80%) makes it possible to optimize the charge / discharge cycle of the battery.
• the charge / discharge cycles of the batteries are known by the supplier and a simple discharge of a few minutes uses a cycle.
• the discharge of a battery is allowed under certain conditions.
• the batteries are discharged to a deeper threshold (of the order of 80% of the battery voltage), which avoids using a battery cycle too often and which significantly increases the life of the batteries.
• the life of the batteries is preferred. This is why the discharge threshold is lower (about 50% of the battery voltage).
• the energy source is a renewable energy, such as a solar panel, a wind turbine, a marine energy.
• the process makes it possible to adapt to all the renewable energies used for the most part on the world market.
• the method also includes the following step:
• a starter battery replaces the battery for a period of time predetermined and information is sent to the battery to open its protection relay, if the measurand of the battery voltage is greater than a predetermined limit value and if the power consumed by the electrical output is less than the power produced by the source of energy, or if the measurand of the voltage of the battery is lower than a predetermined limit value and if the power consumed by the electrical output is greater than the power produced by the energy source for a predetermined duration.
• the method allows the installation of a starter battery in parallel with the main battery so that it is used in the first moments (predetermined period) of a need for charging / discharging or in case of peaks of starting. a consumer of the electrical output and therefore to increase the life of a lithium battery using power relays for protection without much variation in the cost of the system.
• the vast majority of Lithium batteries use power relays to protect the battery in the event of a problem (overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature ).
• the power relays have a lifetime expressed in number of transitions (open ⁇ closed). The principle is therefore to limit the number of transitions of these relays.
• this step reduces the number of closing of the battery protection relay and thus increase its performance and its lifetime.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the operating principle according to a particular embodiment of the method which is the subject of the present invention
• FIG. 2 represents a schematic diagram from a macroscopic point of view
• FIG. 3 represents the principle of multi-source phase coupling of energy
• FIG. 4 represents a diagram explaining the yield
• FIG. 5 represents a schematic diagram of the recharging of the batteries
• FIG. 6 represents a management diagram of the peak hours and off-peak hours
• FIG. 7 represents a diagram of several systems connected by an electrical network
• FIG. 8 shows in logic diagram form, steps implemented in a particular embodiment of the method of the present invention.
• Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the invention. It represents a box with the various elements for operating the method that is the subject of an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
• a power source 20 is connected to the input of the housing.
• the energy source is one or more photovoltaic panels.
• the power source becomes a DC voltage generator 1 from a light source. This voltage is then regulated by a regulator MPPT 2, then raised by a DC / DC converter 3 ("Direct Current” in English terminology, direct current, in French) to be converted into an AC voltage by a DC / AC converter. 4. (“Current Current / Alternating Current” in English terminology, direct current / alternating current in French).
• One of the outputs 21 is connected to a battery.
• the batteries are recharged from the DC voltage generated by the photovoltaic panels with a reversible DC / DC converter 7 when the electrical output 23 does not consume.
• the measurement of the voltage or the current of the electrical output makes it possible to know whether it consumes or not.
• a hot water tank operates alternately in operation and non-operation.
• the DC / AC converter 4 is also powered from the batteries via this same DC / DC converter 7 when photovoltaic panels no longer produce enough energy.
• the relays 5 and 8 are activated by the control card 11, which intelligently decides whether the energy produced goes directly to the electrical output 23.
• the energy source 20 is used to recharge the batteries when they are empty.
• the power source 20 is used to be injected into the power grid 22 by the connector "Grid connection” 6 ("Grid connection” in English terminology, connection to the network in French).
• the electrical output 23 uses primarily energy from production, then that which is stored in the batteries and finally that of the electrical network 22.
• the batteries are recharged with the rest of the production that is not consumed by the electrical outlet 23 or the electrical network 22 according to the time slot. It will be chosen between full hour or hollow to load or not the batteries.
• the intelligent switch 9 supplies a higher load by coupling the energy produced by the power source 20 and the power supply 22 when necessary.
• a control card 1 1 drives all the converters and measures the voltages at different points of the system.
• the measurements are shown in the figure with dashed arrows.
• the measurements make it possible to know the value of the voltage or the current at the electrical output, the battery or the electrical source.
• the smart slot 12 (intelligent slot” in English terminology, smart location in French) and the RS232 / USB 13 card (“RS232 / USB” for Serial Port 232 / Universal Serial Bus in English terminology, serial port 232 / universal bus in series in French) are in relationship with monitoring 15 (“monitoring" in English terminology, an electronic monitoring system in French).
• the LCD 14 (LCD” for Liquid Cristal Display in English terminology, LCD screen) present on the front of the housing gives the visual information of the system in real time to the owner of the installation, for example : the voltage and current consumed by the electrical output or produced by the power source or the power grid.
• the measurement of electricity production and power consumption is in real time.
• real-time refers to the fact that the measurement of electricity production or consumption is transmitted or collected by means of processing without waiting for the end of a measurement production.
• Figure 2 represents a schematic diagram from a macroscopic point of view to present the different possible cases between the input and the outputs.
• the method performs different combinations depending on the energy production (energy source 20), the battery charge 21 and the power consumption of the electrical output 23.
• photovoltaic panels are used primarily for the power supply of the electrical output 23, then to charge the batteries 21 and the excess is injected to the power grid 22;
• the production of photovoltaic panels is used primarily to charge the batteries 21, then for the supply of the output 23 and the excess is injected to the power grid 22;
• photovoltaic panels The production of photovoltaic panels is used primarily to charge the batteries 21, then to inject to the power network 22 and in the absence of power network 22, for the power supply of the electrical output 23;
• the production of the photovoltaic panels is used primarily for the supply of the electrical output 23, then to charge the batteries 21. In this case, there is no injection towards the electrical network 22;
• the consumption at the electrical output 23 is supplied with priority by the production of the photovoltaic panels, then by the batteries 21 if the production is insufficient, then by the electrical network 22 if the batteries 21 are discharged;
• the consumption at the electrical output 23 is supplied with priority by the production of the photovoltaic panels, then by the electric network 22 if the production is insufficient, then by the batteries 21 if the electrical network 22 is not available.
• the consumption at the electrical output 23 is supplied with priority by the production of the photovoltaic panels, then:
• the consumption at the electrical output 23 is not powered if it is a total injection towards the electrical network 22.
• FIG 3 shows the coupling in multi-source energy phase, also called PCE ("PCE" for Phase Coupling Energy in English terminology energy phase coupling in French). Coupling allows coupling several energy sources, for example to couple the energy source 20, the batteries 21 and the electrical network 22.
• PCE multi-source energy phase
• the ECP provides stability to the enclosure to ensure consistent power and optimal performance.
• the system adds the output current of the DC / AC converter 4 with the current of the electrical network 22 because they are in phase.
• the system supplies power to the power supply.
• the surplus current is then reinjected to the electrical network 22 because they are in phase.
• the multi-source coupling also allows the system to accept at output twice its nominal power at constant withdrawal:
• the electrical output consumption 23 when the electrical output consumption 23 is less than 3kW, it is powered by the photovoltaic panels and / or the batteries 21 according to the chosen priorities. If the photovoltaic panels and the batteries 21 are not enough, the electrical network 22 takes over according to the chosen priorities;
• the electrical output consumption 23 when the electrical output consumption 23 is greater than 3kW, it is powered by the photovoltaic panels and / or the batteries 21 according to the priorities chosen at the rate of 3kW maximum. If the photovoltaic panels and the batteries 21 are not enough, the electrical network 22 takes over according to the chosen priorities. Additional needs, above 3kW, will be supplied by the power grid 22.
• the multi-source coupling manages to manage and continues to function normally in the event of a fault, of absence, on one of the sources. Thus, when the photovoltaic panels or the batteries 21 or the mains 23 is disconnected for any reason (exceeding the authorized thresholds, external problem ...), the multi-source coupling still supplies the electrical output by compensating with available sources.
• the consumption of the electrical output 23 is higher than the production of the photovoltaic panels.
• the production feeds the electrical output 23 directly, then charges the batteries 21, then, when the batteries are fully charged, reinjects the surplus to the mains 22.
• the power produced by the photovoltaic panels is insufficient to supply the consumption of the electrical output 23.
• the output directly supplies the electrical output 23 and the batteries 21 bring the lack of power of the electrical output 23.
• the power produced by the photovoltaic panels is very low compared to the consumption of the electrical output 23.
• the low output directly supplies the electrical output 23, the batteries 21 provide part of the lack of power of the electrical output 23 helped by the network 22 in the case where the batteries 21 are not sufficiently charged (below the threshold of 50% for example).
• the electrical output 23 is supplied by the batteries 21 assisted by the electrical network 22 in the case where the batteries 21 are not sufficiently charged (below the threshold of 50% for example).
• the electrical network 22 is absent.
• the output directly supplies the electrical output 23 and the batteries 21 bring the lack of power from the electrical output 23 to a deep discharge (80% for example). Forced charging of batteries:
• the electrical network 22 charges the batteries 21 and at the same time supplies the electric output 23.
• Figure 4 shows a block diagram of battery charging.
• This exemplary embodiment makes it possible to reduce the storage capacity, to extend its service life by avoiding as much as possible of soliciting it (number of reduced cycles) and to increase the overall efficiency of the system:
• the yield of the photovoltaic production transiting directly to the electrical output 23 is, at the point of maximum power, 94.5%. .
• the output of the photovoltaic production transiting directly to the power grid 22 is, at the point of maximum power, 94.5%.
• the efficiency of the DC / DC conversion 7 going from the photovoltaic panels to the batteries 21 is, at the point of maximum power, 94%.
• the efficiency of the DC / AC 4 conversion from the batteries 21 to the electrical output is 93%.
• the overall efficiency of the installation taking into account that 50% of the production is consumed directly by the electrical output 23 and that 50% is stored in the batteries 21 is 82.2%. Thus, for 1000W produced on the energy source 20, 822W are restored on the electrical output 23.
• each of the components in series causes a loss.
• the regulator loss between 10% to 20%
• batteries loss of about 20%
• an inverter loss between 10% to 15%
• an overall loss of 35% to 45% Using a MPPT regulator, a charger and an inverter in one housing greatly reduces the overall loss which is reduced to 20%.
• Figure 5 shows a block diagram of the battery charge.
• the method comprises two levels of discharge threshold depending on the availability of the electrical network 22. This configuration significantly increases the life of the batteries 21 while giving priority to the autonomy of the system when it is useful.
• the method further comprises a step of measuring the voltage and frequency of the electrical network which will allow, in addition to the monitoring aspect (for monitoring in French), to check the presence or absence of the public network.
• a correct depth of discharge for the batteries is applied in order to favor the life of the batteries 21, for example, 50% of the charge of the battery for the lead / acid batteries.
• phase 30 shows the charge of the battery.
• the discharge phase 31 shows the discharge phase of the battery if the electric network 23 is available.
• the discharge phase 32 shows the discharge phase of the battery if the electrical network 22 is not available.
• the method comprises a step of transmitting production and consumption information measurements.
• the transmission is wireless for sending information on production or consumption measurements to a monitoring device.
• the remote connection is possible via the internet or telecommunications networks.
• the transmission is an SMS (Short Message Service or SMS in English terminology, or messaging service in French) which gives the production and consumption.
• SMS Short Message Service or SMS in English terminology, or messaging service in French
• information on the system is transmitted to be collected and compared to a history of electricity consumption and production.
• the transmission is wired (USB / RS232) to transmit information to the monitoring device.
• the monitoring device is a computer, mobile phone, tablet, or any device for reading information as a screen ...
• the monitoring device makes it possible to control the charge of the batteries.
• FIG. 6 represents a diagram integrating information on the full hour and the off-peak time of an electric meter.
• the system comprises a housing 40 comprising a microcontroller 41 and a management card 42 for controlling electrical outlets 48.
• the management card makes it possible to integrate information.
• the information sent to the management card is: a request for load shedding, hourly charging of the public electricity network.
• the management card makes it possible to control the power supply of the electrical outlets 48 according to this schedule.
• the method takes into account the schedule to use different strategies:
• the system allows to reduce the consumption from the public electricity network by offsetting a part of the output consumption.
• the system allows activating loads by piloting (water heater / heating / refrigerator / dishwasher ”).
• a transmission of the information of the piloting is transmitted to a device monitoring 47 in which it is displayed data on the power of electrical outlets, such as electrical outlets supplying the water heater, heating, refrigerator, freezer, dishwasher ...
• the transmission is carried out wirelessly over Wi-Fi (for wireless communication protocols governed by the IEEE 802.1 1 group standards, registered trademark).
• Wi-Fi When Wi-Fi is used, it is connected to an Internet box 44 ("box internet" for internet box in French) to provide access to the Internet 48.
• the monitoring device 47 receives the information via Wi-Fi or the telecommunication network to display information by connecting to the internet.
• the transmission is performed wirelessly by ZigBee link (for high-level protocol for communication small radios, low consumption, based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for networks with a personal dimension, trademark).
• ZigBee link for high-level protocol for communication small radios, low consumption, based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for networks with a personal dimension, trademark.
• the electrical outlets 48 are remotely controlled by home networks, such as ZigBee and Wi-Fi.
• Figure 7 shows a diagram with several systems connected by a public network.
• a command allows all the systems to inject the power of the battery 21 and / or the power source (20) onto the electrical network output 22 or by offloading the loads in order to raise the voltage of the public electricity network up to its nominal value.
• a command allows all the systems to activate loads and / or to draw the power of the public electricity network to charge the battery 21 in order to lower the voltage of the public network electricity up to its nominal value.
• a command allows all the systems to consume an active power from the public electricity network to charge the battery 21 in order to lower the frequency of the public electricity network until its nominal value.
• High is understood to be the frequency of up to 1% above its nominal value.
• a command allows all the systems to inject an active power on the public electricity network from the battery 21 in order to raise the frequency of the public electricity network until its nominal value.
• Low is understood to be the frequency of up to 3% below its nominal value.
• Figure 8 shows the steps of the method object of the present invention. It comprises :
• a starter battery is connected in parallel with the battery 21 of lithium technology to reduce the closing time of a protective relay of the battery 21 and thus to increase its efficiency.
• Protection relay means one or more relays integrated into the lithium batteries on the market to secure the battery (open: non-functional battery, closed: functional battery). This relay consumes energy; optimize its use will help to improve performance.
• a command is sent to the battery 21 in order to open its protection relay: if the measurement of the voltage of the battery 21 is above the threshold of a charged battery (58V for example) information is sent to the battery 21 to open its relay protection.
• the starter battery is requested for a predetermined duration: if a power is requested at the electrical output 23 and the power of the source energy 22 is lower, the starter battery is requested for example for 30 seconds.
• a command is sent to the battery 21 in order to close the protection relay of the battery 21: if the electrical output power 23 remains greater than the power of the electric source 22 for for example 30 seconds, a command is sent to the battery 21 to close the battery protection relay 21.
• a command is sent to the battery 21 in order to open its protection relay: when the measurand of the voltage of the battery 21 is below the threshold of end of use of a battery (42V for example), a command is sent to the battery 21 to open its relay protection.
• a command is sent to the battery 21 to close the battery protection relay 21: if a power is requested electrical output 23 (1000W) and the measurand of the voltage of the starter battery is greater than the predetermined limit value of a charged battery (58V for example: the battery is charged) and that the power of the energy source 22 (1200W) added to an offset of -50W (1 150W) is greater than the power of the output 23 (1000W) for 15 seconds, a command is sent to the battery 21 in order to close the protection relay of the battery 21 (allowing the charging of the battery 21).
• the present invention aims at a system for implementing the method, said system comprises a housing comprising:
• the housing is simple to install and reduces cabling and programming. Overall losses are greatly reduced by having everything integrated in one box.
• the tracking device of the maximum power point also called MPPT ("Maximum Power Point Tracking") controller is a principle allowing to follow, as its name suggests, the maximum power point of a generator non-linear electric.
• system comprises a plurality of boxes.
• the nearby boxes recover the electricity production instead of consuming the power of the power grid.
• the current physically taking the shortest path it will be primarily from the neighboring production of the electricity network.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
• Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

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• 2014
  • 2014-12-02 FR FR1461752A patent/FR3029326B1/fr active Active
• 2015
  • 2015-12-02 CN CN201580075176.6A patent/CN107210606B/zh active Active
  • 2015-12-02 WO PCT/FR2015/053298 patent/WO2016087781A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2015-12-02 EP EP15817464.9A patent/EP3227982A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2015-12-02 AU AU2015356852A patent/AU2015356852A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2015-12-02 US US15/531,425 patent/US10431985B2/en active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-03-30 AU AU2020202251A patent/AU2020202251A1/en not_active Abandoned

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