EP3227481A1

EP3227481A1 - Method and device for automatically monitoring the quality of tubes on spinning and twisting spindles

Info

Publication number: EP3227481A1
Application number: EP15801458.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Heinz Egolf
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-12-03
Filing date: 2015-11-30
Publication date: 2017-10-11
Also published as: WO2016087349A1; CH710443B1; CH710443A2

Abstract

In the method, the spindle temperature is measured continuously at each individual spindle (9) of a ring spinning machine. An increased temperature of a spindle (9) is displayed immediately on a central display (27). The display identifies the ring spinning tube (8) in question such that it can be replaced manually. The device for carrying out the method includes a separate temperature sensor (24) for each ring spinning spindle (9) of a ring spinning machine, such that the temperature is continuously measurable at each individual spindle (9) of the ring spinning machine in that the temperature sensor (24) is attached to the stationary spindle foot bearing (20). Also provided is a central computer (CPU) (26) in which the incoming signals from each spindle (9) are received via respectively separate cables (25) and are processed into signals for a central display (27). The CPU (26) contains a program by way of which the limit temperature is settable depending on the machine type, spindle type and tube type, such that when this limit temperature is exceeded, a visual and optionally also an audible signal is able to be displayed or output by the display (27).

Description

Method and device for automatically monitoring the

Quality of sleeves on spinning and twisting spindles

This invention relates on the one hand to a method for automatic monitoring of the quality of sleeves on spinning and twisting spindles and on the other hand, a device to implement this method technically.

Modern short staple fiber machines and ring spinning machines are operated today with around 2Ό00 spindles per machine and such machines fill entire halls. A higher number of spindles per machine means lower costs for the realization of a specific production quantity. Fewer machines incur lower investment costs and lower infrastructure costs such as maintenance, space requirements, energy and engine room climate. This reduces the fixed share of production costs per kg of yarn. For example, if a ring spinning mill operates 30Ό00 spindles, then 25 machines with 1'200 spindles each require 1 1 '300m ^{2 of} space. With a spindle number of 1 '632 only 16 machines are needed, and it takes only 9'800 m ^{2 of} space, which means 13% less.

The reduction of energy consumption is another key factor of manufacturing, maintenance and operating costs and therefore has great importance. A 4-spindle belt drive, with four spindles driven by the same drive belt, guarantees constant speeds over the entire length of the machine, regardless of the number of spindles, and this drive offers an excellent energy balance. The motor-driven spindles are arranged vertically along rows that extend on both sides along the elongate machine, ie on each side up to 1 Ό00 spindles. Above the spindles a thread bobbin is ever arranged, from which the thread is obtained and is wound on the underneath on the driven spindle rotating ring spinning sleeve.

The empty ring spinning sleeves are loosely attached with their inlying cones on the also conical ring spindles, so that a keying is generated to transmit the torques for their drive from the spindle to the sleeve. The ring spinning sleeves are rotated at a speed of the ring spindles of up to about 25Ό00 rpm and the ring spun yarns are wound onto the ring spinning sleeves. Several such machines, each tens of meters long, stand side by side in a machine room with their long sides, and often dozens of machines.

For each individual driven spindle several ring spinning sleeves are used successively. Such Ringspinnhülsen are therefore mass-produced and they are standing by tens of thousands in use. Nevertheless, these Ringspinnhülsen must be made with high precision and they have only minimal tolerances. If they wear, these tolerances are exceeded and this ultimately has a fatal effect on the expensive and high-precision manufactured spindles. Probably the quality of these ring spinning sleeves can be tested. Such a quality test can be carried out for example by means of a teaching mandrel according to DIN ISO 368. However, it is very complex and is therefore often performed only on new sleeves. This leads to poor sleeves remaining in operation, which generate imbalances and thus overload the spindles, which ultimately leads to a corresponding reduction in the spindle life.

The ring spindle has the task to allow the winding process despite an existing imbalance load, mainly due to game between the spinning sleeve and spindle top part. Therefore, the geometry of the spin tubes has enormous importance and only narrow deviating values are tolerated to limit the imbalance forces. Likewise, the choice of material for the spin tubes is given appropriate attention. The geometry of the spinning tubes, both in new condition as well as during operation, must be kept under constant control by using appropriate control calibers. It is very important, indeed decisive, that these comprehensive controls of the sleeve quality are carried out seriously and consistently. So far, a defective sleeve is recognized only on troubled run. Imbalance is noticeable and generates vibrations and additional noise. A non-standard vibration due to a defective sleeve is essentially detected by eye, if one observes regularly and carefully the individual sleeves and their run by walking along the machine. But this is a concentration work and it is time consuming and tedious.

Could ensure that the up to 2Ό00 spindles of a ring spinning machine would always be equipped with perfect ring spinning sleeves, so Hesse reach far longer life with the expensive spindles, and disturbances in the winding operation could be avoided and thus could save considerable costs become. A systematic examination of each used sleeve, before it is placed on a spindle, is omitted in practice. Such a systematic review of a ring spinning sleeve with a cone caliber, which is inserted into the ring spinning sleeve for this, after which it is checked by hand whether the ring spinning sleeve sits correctly or has excessive play on it, namely, a time-consuming and tedious job, especially if the enormous number Of ring spinning sleeves in mind, which are used in a large machine room, often tens of thousands Ringpinnhülsen. More efficient monitoring would allow early detection of worn or otherwise damaged sleeves. These could be replaced immediately before an imbalance affects the spindle, as is currently the case, so that in the border case even has to be replaced. It is therefore about the reduction of the risk of failure for spindles, and generally about the extension of their life by ensuring that defective sleeves are recognized immediately and can be replaced immediately before further damage is caused.

The object of the present invention is, in view of these facts, a method for automatic monitoring of the quality of ring spinning sleeves for Specify spinning and twisting spindles. This method should work reliably and safely, be cost effective and durable, and automatically display immediately if a specific ring spinning sleeve is no longer flawless, and identify this defective ring spinning sleeve so that it can be replaced immediately. Another object of the invention is to provide a device which can implement such a method automated, and which is inexpensive to implement and can also be used cost-effectively and reliably in the long term.

This object is achieved by a method for automatic monitoring of the quality of ring spinning sleeves on spinning and twisting spindles, in which at each spindle of a ring spinning machine whose temperature is measured directly or indirectly continuously or periodically, and a elevated temperature of a spindle on a central display or by means of a light on each spindle is displayed, the display identifies the ring spinning sleeve concerned so that it can be manually replaced.

The object is further achieved by a device for carrying out the method for the automatic monitoring of the quality of ring spinning sleeves on spinning and twisting spindles, which is characterized in that it is a ring spinning machine for each ring spinning spindle own temperature sensor includes, so that the temperature of each spindle is directly or indirectly continuously or periodically measurable, and further that either a central display is present, which is connected to a programmable logic controller of a computer, to which each temperature sensor at least two electrical signal cable so that the temperature of each specific spindle can be displayed on this central display, or a lamp with an electronic circuit is installed on each individual spindle, so that an adjustable temperature at the spindle itself can be displayed by this lamp.

This method and this device are illustrated in schematic drawings in an example and below with reference to this Drawings besch besch and the function of the method and the necessary equipment is explained.

It shows:

FIG. 1 shows a ring spinning machine in a schematic cross section;

Figure 2 shows a machine room with a variety of ring spinning machines;

Figure 3 A ring spinning sleeve without crimping for placement on a

Spindle;

Figure 4 A ring spinning sleeve with flange for placement on a spindle;

FIG. 5 A gauge mandrel or standard caliber for testing a ring spinning sleeve;

Figure 6 A sleeve with perfect fit on the standard caliber;

Figure 7 A sleeve on a spindle, but with too deep seat and down too much game;

Figure 8 A sleeve on a standard caliber with tolerance window for checking the correct fit of the sleeve;

Figure 9 A sleeve on a spindle, which is equipped with a temperature sensor, and associated CPU, for connecting hundreds of signal cables, and a display.

The invention is based on the recognition that the temperature of the spindle itself or the housing of the spindle bearing during operation is a reliable measure of the total imbalance load of the spindle. Because a spindle running with imbalance generates additional heat and noise due to its vibration. The resulting heat leads to an increase in their temperature. By measuring the temperature of the spindle or its stationary bearing housing, the quality of the sleeve can be determined. The unbalance load is composed of the following parts:

• residual unbalance spindle top part

• imbalance spin tubes

• imbalance package

• Play between the spinning sleeve and spindle top

For a better understanding, a ring spinning machine is shown in a schematic cross section in Figure 1. The machine has a chassis 1 on which the various components are mounted. Starting at the top you can see the creel 2, on which hang the flyer bobbins 3. Of these, there are always several for each spindle, so that there is always a stock and when a flyer bobbin 3 is used up, immediately a subsequent flyer bobbin 3 can donate more yarn. The yarn 4 runs from the flyer bobbin 3 through a drafting device 5, in which the yarn 4 is aligned and stretched, after which it runs to the cop 6 and finally wound on the sleeve 8 through the ring rail 7. The sleeve 8 is inserted on a driven spindle 9, which in turn is inserted in a spindle rail 10. The faster a spindle rotates, the more susceptible it becomes when imbalances occur, and the imbalances usually come from the plugged sleeves.

The trouble-free loading of the spindles with the sleeves requires a specific game between spindle and sleeve. This has the consequence that the spindles are loaded in the entire speed range with corresponding imbalance, in contrast to most other rotating machine elements that run mostly in the most balanced state possible. Furthermore, the problem-free attachment of the sleeves on the spindles also requires a strong one-sided or flying support the spindles, which in turn rarely occurs in the usual mechanical engineering, especially considering that the flying part of a textile spindle is easily three times longer than the bearing base. The requirement that a textile spindle over the entire ring stroke has to be very accurate centric to the ring, - in the order of 0.1 mm - makes conventional elastic bearings impossible, especially if you also note that most spindles are additionally loaded with the variable contact pressure of the drive belt.

The requirement for minimal energy consumption of the spindle drives requires that the bearings of the spindles must have the smallest possible dimensions, so that the friction moments remain minimal. Since spindles have to work in wide speed ranges, the question of critical speeds is difficult to solve, all the more so as the spindles are mounted on machines, which themselves are a highly oscillatory system. The occurrence of resonant vibrations is therefore inevitable. Previously used spindles had a critical speed in the range of 500 to 2000 rev / min and above a certain increased speed there was a risk that the spinning or twisting machine was vibrated so that you had to shut down the speed immediately.

In addition to the forces of the drive belt, the forces of yarn winding on the sleeve also act on the spindle. These forces also have respectable, short-term changes over time, which must absorb the storage system stable, otherwise the so-called whirring, which especially at the upper end of the Ringbankhubes - ie at the largest Kragweite the spindle - can occur.

High performance spindles are therefore in principle decoupled vibration technology of the machine. This means that both bearing points, ie the neck as well as the foot bearing, are arranged vibrationally with respect to the spindle bank. In addition to a first critical speed, a second critical speed must be run over as the speed increases, before the spindle comes into the speed range of its operation - today up to 25Ό00 rpm. Despite decoupling vibration from the machine, the geometric precision with respect to the ring stroke must be maintained. For this, elegant solutions were found in the mid-80s, through the use of springs on the neck and foot bearings, with certain minimum stiffness values, so that the tape tension for the drive of the spindle causes no skewing of the spindle. An advantageous system, in addition to a bending spring of the bearing tube below the neck bearing on a second spring, which is the Bearing tube supported against the housing of the spindle bearing. This spring is a parallel spring, so that the bearing tube remains exactly vertical at a deflection. With this system, the demand for the smallest possible whorl as well as with the conventional spindles, since the additional spring element is further down - outside the belt running zone of the host ice - arranged, and because it is a parallel spring. This design principle is described in detail in EP 0 209 799 B1 and made it possible for the first time to work at much higher speeds. But the higher the speeds are, the more delicate the sleeves are. Their imbalances then have a much stronger effect and it is therefore necessary to use flawless sleeves as required, which requires their regular quality control if their operation is to run as smoothly as possible.

In Figure 2, a machine room with a variety of ring spinning machines is shown schematically simplified. This picture gives an idea of the large number of high-performance spindles 9 in operation and the corresponding number of sleeves 8 - of the order of tens of thousands. Above the machines, the flyer bobbins 3 are fed along rails 29. Each sleeve 8 should have a precise geometry within minimal tolerances, because in high-speed spinning the soft spindle barrel depends largely on well-fitting sleeves. Manufacturing tolerances and sleeve wear should therefore be controlled to ensure efficient production. Therefore, international standards have been established for such sleeves and also for the test spikes to control them, and many things have to be considered in their manufacture.

3 shows a ring spinning sleeve 8 without flanging for placement on a spindle, and Figure 4 shows a ring spinning sleeve 8 with flange 14 for placement on a spindle. It is therefore closed at its upper end. In both cases, they are tapered sleeves 8 with inner cone 1 1 and outer cone 12, which are designed for speeds of 18Ό00 to 25Ό00 U / min. For such a sleeve 8 only materials are approved, which have qualified mechanical properties. Against external influences such as light, moisture or aging, these materials must be insensitive. Sleeves 8 without fittings must not become brittle at the end. For example, a glass fiber reinforced polypropylene with at least 30% glass fiber content is suitable. If the sleeves are equipped with fittings, only those made of stainless, high-strength steel are permitted and they must not protrude at the sleeve surface. They must be well anchored and not allowed to move or loosen. Cavities between sleeve and fitting are not permitted. The sleeve inside should be as smooth as possible in the effective range of the sleeve coupling. The sleeve must be pressed with a maximum of 20N on the spindle. The inner edges at the top and bottom must have a radius or a slope of at least 0.5 mm. The inside of the sleeve and the ends of the sleeves must be sprayed clean. No burrs or remnants of the injection point may protrude. Their conicity is according to DIN ISO 368 for example 1:38 or 1:64. In addition, there are length tolerances and the sleeves must not be crooked and their sleeve feet 13 must be exactly perpendicular to the sleeve axis. The concentricity errors may be max. For speeds from 15Ό00 to 18Ό00 rpm. 0.25mm, and for speeds over 18Ό00 to 25Ό00 rpm only 0.20mm. The relevant test is always done by means of teaching mandrels or measuring calibers, the sleeve sitting in full length on the teaching mandrel and then lying within the tolerance ranges.

It has to be of the highest quality, manufactured with high precision and its cone 17 must be as smooth and perfect as possible. In Figure 6, a sleeve 8 is shown with a perfect fit on the standard caliber 15. It nestles snugly against the cone 17 of the spike 15 everywhere and the remaining areas on the spike 15 front and rear of the sleeve 8 must be within a certain prescribed range. They serve as a tolerance window 22 on the gauge. The figure 7 shows a sleeve 8 plugged onto a spindle 9. The sleeve 8, however, sits on the spindle 9 with too deep seat and down with too much play. Such a sleeve 8 would have a fatal effect during operation and destroy a spindle 9 possibly within a very short time.

In Figure 8, a sleeve 8 is plugged onto a standard caliber 15 with tolerance window 21 shown. This tolerance window 21 allows the correct Seat of the sleeve 8 to examine at a glance. Nevertheless, it is hardly reasonable to check tens of thousands of pods 8 regularly by attaching to such standard caliber 15 by hand. And for this reason, it is also omitted in practice. The test is unfortunately usually only before the first use of the sleeves 8. If they are worn or damaged in the course of their use, they remain in use until such a strong imbalance has built up that this is recognizable by the eye or the sleeve. 8 and her spindle 9 produce extraordinary noise. Only then will it be replaced. Based on all of the above, the meaning of the present invention will now be understood, namely to provide a method for automatically monitoring the quality of ring spinning sleeves 8 on spinning and twisting spindles 9 in order to recognize damaged sleeves early and to be able to replace them.

FIG. 9 shows a spindle 9 with its spindle base bearing 20 and its drive. This consists of a belt 23 which runs around the Wirtelpully 19 of the host ice 18 here. In this figure, the basic principle of the solution for permanent quality testing of the sleeves is shown schematically: The sleeve 8 is seated on a spindle 9 which is equipped with a temperature sensor 24 which senses the temperature of the spindle 9 or its stationary spindle base bearing 20 and immediately detects when the respective standard temperature is exceeded. Temperature sensors 24 are available in many possible variants. From temperature-dependent resistance sensors to fully-balanced, all-in-one digital output components that differ in resolution and accuracy, most digital temperature sensors offer ± 0.5 ° C accuracy, which is completely accurate for the purpose at hand Such digital temperature sensors are direct-conversion sensors, ie the temperature is converted into a digital signal without a detour via an analog intermediate variable (voltage or current) In addition, these digital temperature sensors control the parasitic power supply, ie, you only need two wires for data and power supply.This built-in temperature sensor 24 sends its signal to an associated computer ( CPU) 26, which transmits the signal with input values compares and immediately sends a signal to a display 27 when an entered temperature is exceeded, so that there is displayed, which causes the example of 2Ό00 standing on a single machine sleeves 8 and spindles 9 just a problem. Instead of a central display, a small lamp 30, for example an LED with associated circuitry, may also be installed in place on each spindle, which will then light up as soon as the temperature of the relevant spindle, as measured by the temperature sensor, is adjusted to the circuit Value exceeds. It then lights up problematic sleeves immediately, for example, a red point of light, which is recognized very clearly when passing. Nevertheless, a central display can additionally display an overall picture of the state of all spindles 9 as described. The local optical display, however, helps to quickly find a problem causing sleeve or spindle.

As an alternative to analog or digital temperature sensors based on an electrical resistance measurement, non-contact infrared point sensors come into question, this being a more expensive solution. The signals of these infrared point sensors can be transmitted via electrical cable 25 or wirelessly to the computer 26. Several spindles 9 can be monitored by a single infrared point sensor by this by means of a servo motor pivotally successively alternately to different spindles 9 or its Fussspindellager 20 is aligned. The signals can in turn be transmitted via cable 25 or contactlessly to the computer 26, via which the servomotors are also controllable. Although this does not guarantee permanent, but nevertheless periodic and closely monitored monitoring of spindle temperatures.

The display 27 can emit an audible warning, so that the staff can go immediately to the display 27 and instantly sees where the problem arose. Purposefully it can replace the defective sleeve 8 immediately, so that possible damage can be averted and downtime can be minimized. From each spindle 9 so lead at least two signal cable 25 to the computer 26 and this processes all incoming signals and shows the Results on the display 27. In this case, the display 27 may be designed so that only just the problem-causing spindles 9 are displayed, or even that the current temperature is displayed to all spindles 9, or in the simplest case is merely displayed whether the temperature of the spindles 9 is within limits or exceeds an adjustable limit. Also possible is the simultaneous display of the aforementioned facts.

The device for carrying out the method for the automatic monitoring of the quality of ring spinning sleeves 8 on spinning and twisting spindles 9 includes for each ring spinning spindle 9 a ring spinning machine own temperature sensor 24, so that the temperature at each Spindle 9 or at their stationary spindle base bearings 20 of the ring spinning machine is continuously measurable. Next to the device is a central display 27 with a computer 26, which acts as a programmable logic controller. From each individual temperature sensor 24, at least two electrical cables 25 lead to this computer 26, so that the temperature of each specific spindle 9 or its spindle base 20 can be displayed on this central display 27, and if one of them can be entered via an input interface of the computer 26 to the programmable logic controller Temperature value (for example, 40 ° C), an optical or acoustic signal from the display 27 can be issued. If this temperature is higher than a predetermined level, it is also possible to switch on a visible LED and / or optionally also to emit an acoustic signal. This means that in this spindle concerned 9 a bad spinning sleeve 8 is in use, which must be replaced. This measure ensures that the spinning tubes 9 are continuously subjected to automatic quality control.

digits directory

1 machine chassis

2 creels

3 yarn

4 flyers

5 drafting system

6 Kops

7 ring bank

8 sleeve

9 spindle

10 spindle bank

1 1 inner cone of the sleeve

12 outer cone of the sleeve

13 sleeve foot

14 crimping of the sleeve

15 gauge or standard caliber

16 Handle of the gauge

17 cone of the teaching pin

18 whorled

19 Wirtelpully

20 spindle foot bearings

21 Tolerance-resistant at the gauge

22 tolerance display

23 drive belt for spindle on Wirtelpully

24 temperature sensor

25 signal line to the computer / CPU

26 computers / CPU

27 Display with input interface

28 input interface

29 rails for Flyer Coil Feeder

30 light / LED

Claims

claims

1 . Method for automatically monitoring the quality of ring spinning sleeves

(8) on spinning and twisting spindles (9), in which on each individual spindle

(9) a ring spinning machine whose temperature is measured directly or indirectly continuously or periodically, and an elevated temperature of a spindle is displayed on a central display (27) or by a light (30) on each spindle (9), wherein the display identifies the affected ring spinning sleeve (9) so that it can be manually replaced.

2. A method for automatically monitoring the quality of ring spinning sleeves (8) on spinning and twisting spindles (9) according to claim 1, characterized in that an elevated temperature of a spindle (9) on a central display (27) for display is brought.

3. A method for the automatic monitoring of the quality of ring spinning sleeves (8) on spinning and twisting spindles (9) according to claim 1, characterized in that an elevated temperature of a lamp (30) directly at the spindle (9) on a associated lamp (30) is displayed.

4. A method for automatically monitoring the quality of ring spinning sleeves (8) on spinning and twisting spindles (9) according to claim 1, characterized in that an elevated temperature of a spindle (9) on the one hand on a central display (27) for Display is brought, and on the other hand additionally also directly at the affected spindle (9) by means of an associated lamp (30) is displayed.

5. A method for the automatic monitoring of the quality of ring spinning sleeves (8) on spinning and twisting spindles (9) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at each individual spindle (9) of a ring spinning machine whose temperature indirectly an analogue or digital temperature sensor (24) is measured by the latter is connected to the stationary spindle flow bearing (20).

6. A method for the automatic monitoring of the quality of ring spinning sleeves (8) on spinning and twisting spindles (9) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that on each individual spindle (9) by means of a non-contact infrared point sensor directly whose temperature is measured and a signal is transmitted via cable or wirelessly to a computer (26) with display (27) when an enterable limit temperature is exceeded.

7. A method for automatically monitoring the quality of ring spinning sleeves (8) on spinning and twisting spindles (9) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an elevated measured temperature is additionally displayed with an acoustic signal.

8. Device for carrying out the method for the automatic monitoring of the quality of ring spinning sleeves (8) on spinning and twisting spindles (9), characterized in that for each ring spinning spindle (9) of a ring spinning machine its own temperature sensor (24) includes, so that the temperature at each individual spindle (9) is directly or indirectly measurable continuously or periodically, and further that either a central display (27) is present, which is connected to a programmable logic controller (26) of a computer, to which at least two electrical signal cables (25) lead from each individual temperature sensor (24) so that the temperature of each specific spindle (9) can be displayed on this central display (27), or a light (30) is provided at each individual spindle (9) ) is installed with an electronic circuit, so that the exceeding of an adjustable temperature at the spindle (9) itself by this lamp (30) can be displayed ,

9. Device for carrying out the method for the automatic monitoring of the quality of ring spinning sleeves (8) on spinning and twisting spindles (9) according to claim 8, characterized in that an acoustic signal generator is present, so that the exceeding of an adjustable temperature of a spindle (9), an audible warning signal can be issued.

10. Device for carrying out the method for automatic monitoring of the quality of ring spinning sleeves (8) on spinning and twisting spindles (9) according to claim 8, characterized in that they for each ring spinning spindle (9) of a ring spinning machine an analog or digital temperature sensor (24) which is connected to the stationary spindle root bearing (20) of the respective spindle (9).

1 1. Device for carrying out the method for the automatic monitoring of the quality of ring spinning sleeves (8) on spinning and twisting spindles (9) according to claim 8, characterized in that a number of ring spinning spindles (9) of the ring spinning machine, a non-contact Infrared-point sensor is installed, which by means of a servo motor pivotally successively alternately on the spindles (9) or their Fussspindellager (20) can be aligned for non-contact temperature measurement, the signals via cable (25) or contactlessly to the computer (26) can be transmitted , via which the servomotors are also controllable.