EP3221475A1 - Kältebehandlung zur verbesserung der belastbarkeit metallischer bauteile - Google Patents
Kältebehandlung zur verbesserung der belastbarkeit metallischer bauteileInfo
- Publication number
- EP3221475A1 EP3221475A1 EP15784624.7A EP15784624A EP3221475A1 EP 3221475 A1 EP3221475 A1 EP 3221475A1 EP 15784624 A EP15784624 A EP 15784624A EP 3221475 A1 EP3221475 A1 EP 3221475A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- temperature
- cooling
- active surface
- machining
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/22—Martempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/36—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for balls; for rollers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/38—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for roll bodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2261/00—Machining or cutting being involved
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2220/00—Shaping
- F16C2220/60—Shaping by removing material, e.g. machining
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
- F16C2223/10—Hardening, e.g. carburizing, carbo-nitriding
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a metallic component.
- the machining produces a high dislocation density.
- the object of the invention is to make available a method for producing a metallic component, bypassing the inherent disadvantages of the prior art solutions. It should in particular the
- the method according to the invention comprises the following processing steps: machining of the component; and
- the cooling step is carried out after the machining step.
- the process step of cooling takes place immediately after the process step of the machining. This means that between the machining and the cooling is no further process step, In particular, no further process step is provided for the production of the component.
- the metallic component may in particular be a steel
- the present invention is based on the finding that it is not only possible by heating to stabilize a fatigue-resistant structure in the boundary layer, but also by cooling.
- the component can be cooled by introducing it into a liquid with a freezing point below the second temperature.
- the boiling point of the liquid is correspondingly above the second temperature. As long as the liquid assumes a liquid state, strong deviations from the second temperature are excluded.
- Cooling of the component to the last step for manufacturing the component After cooling of the component so no process step, which would be a method step for the production of the component more.
- a production process step is to be understood as a method step that is attributable to a production method. Manufacturing processes are defined in the DIN 8580 standard and listed exhaustively.
- any method step that permanently changes at least one property of the component can be regarded as a method step for producing a component.
- the first temperature, from which the component is cooled to the second temperature preferably corresponds to the room temperature.
- Room temperature is the temperature of a room in which the process according to the invention is carried out.
- the first temperature is between 5 ° C and 35 ° C, in particular between 15 ° C and 30 ° C or between 18 ° C and 25 ° C.
- the cooling is preferably carried out to a second temperature, which is between -50 ° C and -200 ° C.
- the second temperature may be between -70 ° C and -196 ° C.
- the second temperature is between -70 ° C and -79 ° C. If liquid air is used, the second temperature is between -190 ° C and -196 ° C.
- the component is preferably kept in a state cooled to the second temperature for a period of at least five minutes.
- the component thus assumes the second temperature for at least five minutes.
- the second temperature may be for at least seven minutes, for at least ten minutes, for for at least fifteen minutes, for at least twenty minutes, for at least twenty-five minutes, or longer if necessary.
- the component After cooling of the component to the second temperature, the component is heated in a preferred development again to the first temperature. This is preferably done by removing the component from the liquid and exposing it to room temperature.
- the component manufactured according to the invention can be connected to a first further component, for example a shaft.
- a first further component for example a shaft.
- the component manufactured according to the invention is preferably shrunk onto the first further component and / or the first further component is stretched into the component produced according to the invention.
- the inventively manufactured component is heated to a temperature above the first temperature.
- the first further component for expanding is cooled from a first temperature to a temperature below the first temperature.
- the life of metallic components with dynamically loaded active surfaces improves when using the method according to the invention.
- the component produced by the method according to the invention accordingly has at least one first active surface, which can form an active surface pair with a second active surface of a second further component for transmitting a force.
- the first active surface and the second active surface roll against each other and / or slide past each other.
- the component manufactured according to the invention and the second further component are arranged to be movable relative to one another.
- the component manufactured according to the invention and the second further component are preferably each a gear, in particular a gear with external teeth, or a part of a bearing, such as an inner ring, an outer ring or a rolling element.
- the gear is preferably mounted after the step of cooling on a shaft, which may be the first further component.
- the shaft is at least partially passed through the gear.
- the gear is thus arranged radially outside, the shaft radially inside.
- the method step of the machining is preceded by a method step in which the component is hardened, for example by heating and quenching.
- FIG. 1 A preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. In detail shows:
- Fig. 1 is a flowchart.
- the method illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises the following method steps:
- Hardening 101 a metallic component
- Cooling 105 the component from a first temperature to a second one
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014223399.2A DE102014223399A1 (de) | 2014-11-17 | 2014-11-17 | Kältebehandlung zur Verbesserung der Belastbarkeit metallischer Bauteile |
| PCT/EP2015/074095 WO2016078847A1 (de) | 2014-11-17 | 2015-10-19 | Kältebehandlung zur verbesserung der belastbarkeit metallischer bauteile |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3221475A1 true EP3221475A1 (de) | 2017-09-27 |
Family
ID=54347512
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15784624.7A Withdrawn EP3221475A1 (de) | 2014-11-17 | 2015-10-19 | Kältebehandlung zur verbesserung der belastbarkeit metallischer bauteile |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170321292A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3221475A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102014223399A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2016078847A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3944444A (en) * | 1971-05-20 | 1976-03-16 | A. Finkl & Sons Company | Method for heat treating cylindrical products |
| US4484988A (en) * | 1981-12-09 | 1984-11-27 | Richmond Metal Finishers, Inc. | Process for providing metallic articles and the like with wear-resistant coatings |
| US5259200A (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 1993-11-09 | Nu-Bit, Inc. | Process for the cryogenic treatment of metal containing materials |
| DE10209264B4 (de) | 2002-03-01 | 2005-06-02 | Ab Skf | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauteils aus Metall |
| US7922839B2 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2011-04-12 | Miks Engineering | Method for brake rotor assembly and manufacture |
| JP5163183B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-27 | 2013-03-13 | 日本精工株式会社 | 転がり軸受 |
| ES2304123B1 (es) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-05-27 | Sinfines Miralles, Sl | Procedimiento de endurecimiento superficial para sinfines. |
| JP4811692B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-24 | 2011-11-09 | 山形県 | マルテンサイト鋳鋼材及びマルテンサイト鋳鋼品の製造方法 |
-
2014
- 2014-11-17 DE DE102014223399.2A patent/DE102014223399A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-10-19 EP EP15784624.7A patent/EP3221475A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-10-19 US US15/527,342 patent/US20170321292A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-10-19 WO PCT/EP2015/074095 patent/WO2016078847A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2016078847A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20170321292A1 (en) | 2017-11-09 |
| WO2016078847A1 (de) | 2016-05-26 |
| DE102014223399A1 (de) | 2016-05-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20170609 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: ZF FRIEDRICHSHAFEN AG Owner name: ZF WIND POWER ANTWERPEN NV |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20180907 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20190501 |