EP3212986A1 - Commutateur et système de sécurité pour surveiller une opération de travail autorisée d'une machine ou d'un dispositif - Google Patents

Commutateur et système de sécurité pour surveiller une opération de travail autorisée d'une machine ou d'un dispositif

Info

Publication number
EP3212986A1
EP3212986A1 EP15771933.7A EP15771933A EP3212986A1 EP 3212986 A1 EP3212986 A1 EP 3212986A1 EP 15771933 A EP15771933 A EP 15771933A EP 3212986 A1 EP3212986 A1 EP 3212986A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
actuating element
actuating
sensor
bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15771933.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Schaffert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3212986A1 publication Critical patent/EP3212986A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
    • F16P3/00—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body
    • F16P3/12—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine
    • F16P3/14—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact
    • F16P3/144—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact using light grids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
    • F16P3/00—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body
    • F16P3/08—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body in connection with the locking of doors, covers, guards, or like members giving access to moving machine parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/18—Distinguishing marks on switches, e.g. for indicating switch location in the dark; Adaptation of switches to receive distinguishing marks
    • H01H2009/188—Distinguishing marks on switches, e.g. for indicating switch location in the dark; Adaptation of switches to receive distinguishing marks with indication of rating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switch and a switch containing
  • Safety system for monitoring a permissible working operation of a machine or a device.
  • a danger zone is usually given when an event not intended for the machine or device can lead to a danger for the direct environment, a defect in the product to be produced or damage to the machine or device.
  • the danger zone is monitored in a suitable manner with regard to a permissible work operation of the machine or the device.
  • monitoring can be checked by the monitoring criteria, which provide for a blocking of the work operation.
  • any work steps of the machine or the device are turned off or deactivated so far that a danger in the danger zone is minimized or completely excluded. If, on the other hand, all criteria for excluding a potential danger in the danger area are satisfied, it is possible to release the work operation in a corresponding manner.
  • a light beam is emitted, which is detected at a corresponding distance by a transmitter.
  • the light beam is preferably arranged in an edge region of a danger zone. As soon as the light beam penetrates through a foreign body in the
  • Danger area is interrupted, a blocking of the working operation of the machine or the device is triggered. It can be provided in a similar manner, several light beams in the formation of a kind of light curtain to hedge a large-scale opening in the danger area.
  • solid protective panels that are fixed in an edge region of a danger zone. In particular, this is done in a way that a physical penetration into the danger area is not possible without damaging the protective cover. Often, such protective panels are made detachable, so that an intentional access to the danger area is possible. This is the case, for example, if manual loading of the machine or device or of maintenance is to be carried out in the danger zone. To release a working operation such releasable protective devices are monitored for their correct position to secure the danger area.
  • Switch positions each cause a switching pulse to execute a defined event, for example in a machine. Disclosure of the invention
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying switching means with different switching positions in order to specify defined operating states of a machine or a device as a function of the switching position.
  • a further object of the invention is to monitor a danger zone of a machine and / or a device with regard to a permissible work operation.
  • the switch according to the invention comprises at least one actuating element for determining a switching position.
  • the actuator is in one
  • the switch comprises at least one photosensitive sensor. In addition, this indicates
  • Actuating element at least in a region at least one bore, which penetrates the actuating element. Accordingly, this indicates
  • Actuator in its outer surface at least two outlet openings of the bore.
  • the actuating element is arranged relative to the sensor such that in the first or the second position a coming through the at least one bore light beam is detected by the sensor, whereas in the other position, the at least one bore of the actuating element is arranged offset such that a detection a light beam is prevented by the sensor.
  • the switching position of the switch is not exclusively determined by an actuation or non-actuation of the actuating element.
  • the switch is particularly well suited for use as a safety switch, which as an additional security query the detection of a Beam used.
  • the switch can be designed such that the detection of daylight is sufficient.
  • the housing has an opening which only in one of the switching positions from one side of the
  • Outlet openings of the bore in the actuator allows passage of a light beam through the bore therethrough.
  • the sensor for detecting the light beam coming through the bore is preferably arranged on the side of the other outlet opening of the bore.
  • access of the light beam to the sensor is interrupted or prevented in the other switching position. This is preferably done in that in the other position of the actuating element, a detection range of the sensor for detecting a light beam is covered by the actuating element itself.
  • the detection and non-detection of a light beam by means of the sensor by the position of the actuating element in the first or second position is determined as well as a switching position of the switch recognizable.
  • Actuator on a first and a second bore which are arranged offset from each other in parallel.
  • the second bore is designed redundantly to the first bore in the manner that in the same way a coming through the second bore light beam in one of the switching positions, preferably in the same switching position as for the first bore, is detectable by the sensor.
  • this provides increased security, in which a switching position as such is clearly recognizable.
  • the light beam to be detected can also originate from a transmitter emitting light, which, for example, together with the sensor form an optoelectronic device.
  • a transmitter emitting light which, for example, together with the sensor form an optoelectronic device.
  • use of the switch according to the invention is then independent of daylight.
  • the light emitting transmitter has an optical axis for the light beam, which is aligned with the transmitter and / or through the bore of the actuating element in one of the switching positions.
  • the transmitter can transmit light beams of a specific intensity, polarization, Send frequency and / or pulse train, which are clearly detectable by the transmitter.
  • the light emitting transmitter is designed as a laser.
  • each sensor may be associated with more than one hole in the actuating element each bore a sensor for detecting a light beam coming through the respective bore preferably. Likewise, with more than one sensor, each sensor can then be assigned a light-emitting transmitter.
  • the actuating element is preferably positioned by a restoring force in the first position.
  • a restoring force is the restoring force against the
  • the restoring force is effected for example by a spring, which preferably in a space between the housing of the switch and the
  • Actuator is arranged.
  • a tension or a compression spring may be provided.
  • the restoring force can be effected in that a magnet is arranged in the above-mentioned space, which cooperates with a counter-pole magnet on the actuating element to effect the restoring force.
  • an overpressure or underpressure is formed, which causes a return of the actuating element in the starting position by a resulting restoring force.
  • the actuating element between the first and the second position is designed to be transversely displaceable. Accordingly, an actuating direction is in a straight line Given exercise. As a result, the actuating element can be pressed in a simple manner in the housing. This can be useful, for example, for manual operation in order to trigger a switching pulse for executing a defined event, for example in a machine or device.
  • the switch can be actuated by a securing element, which operates the switch only in a certain position, for example in a machine or device, and causes the release of a working operation of the machine or the device.
  • the actuating element between the first and the second position is designed rotatably rotatable. It is also conceivable that the
  • Actuator performs both a translational, as well as a rotational movement between the first and the second position.
  • an actuation of the switch is only possible by a very special force, which translates to a translational and a
  • At least one optical axis of the light-emitting transmitter is directed perpendicular to the translational and / or rotational axis of the actuating element. This results in favorable spatial arrangements of the light emitting transmitter relative to
  • the actuating element can be designed as desired in its shape.
  • the actuating element is designed as a round or a polygonal pin, for example a square.
  • the invention also leads to a security system for monitoring a permissible operating operation of a machine or a device, comprising at least one switch according to the invention described above.
  • the switch is used to determine the working operation of the machine or the device.
  • the switch is used as a safety switch to Monitoring of a danger area provided. This can be defined in an advantageous manner, for example, in the first position of the actuating element of the switch, a blocking of the working operation and in the second position, a release of the working operation.
  • the safety system In order to establish the operating mode, the safety system has an associated actuating mandrel for each actuating element of the switch. This is formed by a force in
  • the actuating mandrel is preferably guided in the housing of the switch.
  • Actuating mandrel is part of a fuse element, which is designed to secure a hazardous area of the machine or device for safe operation after its release. The release of the
  • Fuse element of the switch is actuated by actuation of the actuating element by the actuating mandrel.
  • the securing element is additionally designed so that by this in the predefined position for
  • the fuse element can thereby
  • Machine or the device can be monitored or secured over a large area.
  • the actuating mandrel can be latched.
  • the latching is provided in particular when the actuating element is brought by the actuating mandrel counter to the restoring force in the second position.
  • this allows a permanent positioning of the actuating element in the second position.
  • by locking a further safety criterion is given to effect a release of the working operation. Otherwise, in the absence of locking by a correspondingly large selected restoring force the actuator are again positioned in the first position.
  • a fuse element containing the actuating mandrel Preferably, the actuating mandrel is latched in the housing.
  • the securing element containing the actuating mandrel can be latched,
  • force-enhancing latching element for example a
  • Lever lock which supports a force effect of the actuating mandrel on the actuating element against the restoring force.
  • At least two or more actuation elements are arranged offset in parallel to one another.
  • the at least one bore in each case of an actuating element are arranged in at least one position relative to one another in such a way that a light beam coming through each of the respective bores is detected by the at least one sensor.
  • several can do so in this way
  • Openings or entrances to a hazardous area of the machine or the device are checked or monitored.
  • at least one actuating element is assigned to each of these accesses or openings.
  • this further provides the advantage that only then a release of the working operation in the state can be effected, in which a position of the respective actuating elements in total is made possible by all the respective one hole coming light beam. This is preferably the case if all arranged offset parallel to one another
  • Actuating elements are each positioned in its second position. This is the case, for example, if all the accesses or openings of a danger zone of the machine or device assigned to the respective actuating elements are secured by a respective securing element.
  • each securing element has at least one actuating mandrel, by means of which the respective actuating element is positioned in the second position.
  • Fig. La an embodiment of a switch according to the invention in a first and second sectional view, each in a first
  • FIG. 1 b shows the switch according to the invention from FIG. 1 a in a first and second sectional representation, in each case in a second switching position
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of a switch according to the invention in a first and a second switching position, each in a sectional view
  • Fig. 3 a machine with a security system according to the invention in a side view and in a sectional plan view.
  • FIG. 1a shows a left side view of a sectional side view of a switch 100 according to the invention.
  • the switch according to the invention comprises a housing 10.
  • An actuating element 20 is arranged in the housing 10.
  • the actuating element 20 has at least one bore 25, which penetrates the actuating element 20.
  • a free space 30 is formed, in which a spring 40 is arranged.
  • the spring 40 exerts a restoring force 45 on the
  • the actuating element 20 is positioned in a first position 1 relative to the housing 10.
  • the restoring force presses 45, the actuating element 20 against a formed in the housing 10 stop 15.
  • the first position 1 is set here, for example, at the height of the bore 25.
  • the actuator 20 is guided in the housing 10 such that it is transversely displaceable between the first and a second position 1, 2.
  • the second position 2 is determined for example at the height of the bore 25 after a displacement against the restoring force 45 by a force on the actuating element 20.
  • the force F can for example be exercised by an actuating mandrel 50 (shown in phantom), which in a corresponding opening 12 in the housing 10 can be inserted and is guided in the housing 10, wherein in contact with the actuating element 20 and the force F in the direction of actuation 55, a displacement of the actuating mandrel 50 (shown in phantom), which in a corresponding opening 12 in the housing 10 can be inserted and is guided in the housing 10, wherein in contact with the actuating element 20 and the force F in the direction of actuation 55, a displacement of the actuating mandrel 50 (shown in phantom), which in a corresponding opening 12 in the housing 10 can be inserted and is guided in the housing 10, wherein in contact with the actuating element 20 and the force F in the direction of actuation 55, a displacement of the actuating mandrel 50 (shown in phantom), which in a corresponding opening 12 in the housing 10 can be inserted and is guided
  • Actuator 20 can be effected in the second position 2. This can be seen in particular in Fig. Lb from the left view.
  • the second position 2 of the actuating element 20 relative to the housing may be determined, for example, by the length L of the actuating mandrel 50, wherein the actuating mandrel 50 rests against a stop 16 on the housing 10 in the second position.
  • a comparable stop 16 for the actuating element 20 in the second position 2 is conceivable for this purpose.
  • Actuator 20 is formed in the present example as a pin.
  • an anti-rotation device 60 can be provided in the housing 10.
  • a screw or a threaded pin is guided laterally through the housing 10 and meets at least with a part in a laterally recessed in the actuator 20 longitudinal groove (not shown).
  • a longitudinal flattening in the actuating element 20 may be provided.
  • a side sectional view is shown at a position corresponding to the second position 2 of the actuating element. It can be seen that at this point an opening 18 is formed in the housing 10, which leaves a free space to the actuator 20.
  • a photosensitive sensor 80 is encapsulated within the housing 10.
  • a light beam 90 which from outside the housing 10 through the opening 18 in the housing to the
  • Actuator 20 passes, can not be detected in the first position 1 by said sensor 80.
  • the first position 1 is namely a detection range of the sensor 80 for detecting a light beam 90 by the actuator 20 itself hidden.
  • the light beam 90 penetrating through the opening 18 can originate from the ambient light or from a transmitter 70 emitting light.
  • an optical axis 91 of the light-emitting transmitter 70 is directed onto the sensor 80.
  • the light-emitting transmitter 70 is arranged at a distance X from the housing 10.
  • a lateral sectional view in the second position 2 of the actuating element 20 is shown in the right view now.
  • the bore 25 is shifted in comparison to the first position 1 such that a penetrating through the opening 18 light beam 90 passes through the bore 25 in the actuator 20 to the sensor 80 and is detected by this.
  • Fig. 2 shows a variant of the inventive switch 100 is shown.
  • the actuating elements 20 between the first and the second position 1, 2 are designed to be rotatable in this embodiment variant.
  • the actuator 20 is positioned in its first position 1. This can be done for example by a coil spring (not shown), which exerts a restoring force on the actuating element 20.
  • a left turn in the direction of actuation 55 alternatively by a clockwise rotation, by a force F, the actuator 20 can be positioned in its second position 2.
  • the first position 1 becomes one of the light
  • Actuator 20 is interrupted and is therefore not detectable for the sensor 80. Whereas in the second position 2, the bore 25 in
  • Actuator 20 relative to the optical axis 91 of the transmitter 70 is aligned such that a coming through the opening 18 and through the bore 25 light beam 90 is detectable by the sensor 80.
  • the switch 100 can be part of a security system for monitoring a permissible operating operation of a machine or a device.
  • the actuating mandrel 50 for example, on a
  • the fuse element 210 is intended to protect a hazardous area of the machine or device.
  • FIG. 3 shows a machine 150, which comprises a variant of embodiment of the security system 200 according to the invention.
  • the top view shows the machine 150 in a side view and in the bottom view in one
  • the machine 150 has a machine station 160, which encloses a process space 170. Within the process space 170 is a
  • Process unit 180 is arranged, which performs 150 defined process steps depending on the application of the machine.
  • the process space 170 is designated as a danger area. For this purpose, all openings, which have a
  • Fastening elements are fixed from the outside to the machine frame 160. Usually disassembly of these fixed trim parts 165 is not provided.
  • various additional modules can be attached to the machine 150 at defined locations 155a, 155b, 155c
  • a feed module 190 is provided at the second location 155b, which brings feed parts via a feed belt 192 to the process unit 180.
  • An opening to the process chamber 170 is through the
  • Feeding module 190 completely closed, so that access to the
  • Securing elements 210 such as covers made of Plexiglas, are releasably closed. Whether the openings to the process chamber 170 at the defined locations 155a, 155b, 155c are closed in the intended manner is monitored by a security system 200 provided according to the invention.
  • a security system 200 provided according to the invention.
  • at least one actuating arbor 50 are respectively provided on the securing elements 210 and the feed module 190.
  • the switch according to the invention is formed, for example, by a housing 10 in the form of a strip. This is arranged on the side of the securing elements 210 and the process module 190 on the machine 150, for example on the machine frame 160.
  • the security system 200 further comprises a light emitting transmitter 70, in particular a laser, and a photosensitive sensor 80. Both are each arranged to one of the outer of the mutually parallel actuators 20 on opposite sides of the machine 150. An optical axis 91 of the light emitting transmitter 70 is directed to the sensor 80.
  • the respective actuation mandrels 50 attached to the securing elements 210 and the feed module 190 must be introduced into corresponding openings of the strip 10.
  • a total of 2 actuation spikes 50 are provided on the securing elements 210 and the feed module 190.
  • these come into contact with each one of the bar in parallel to each other arranged actuators 20 and exert on each of these a force F in such a way that the respective actuators 20 are positioned in its second position.
  • the section A shows an example of the assignment of one of the actuating pins 50 to the actuating mandrel 50 associated actuator 20.
  • the cutout A corresponds to a positioning of the actuating element 20 in its first position 1, as shown in Fig. La.
  • the light beam 90 of the light emitting transmitter 70 is prevented by the sensor 80.
  • the light beam 90 is interrupted by at least one actuating element 20 before it can reach the sensor 80.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un commutateur qui comprend au moins un élément d'actionnement destiné à régler une position de commutation. L'élément d'actionnement est guidé dans une direction d'actionnement à l'intérieur d'un boîtier et réalisé de façon positionnable par une force au moins dans une première position et dans une deuxième position par rapport au boîtier. En outre, le commutateur comprend au moins un capteur photosensible. De plus, l'élément d'actionnement comporte, au moins dans une zone, au moins un perçage qui est ménagé à travers l'élément d'actionnement. L'élément d'actionnement est disposé par rapport au capteur de telle sorte que, dans la première ou la deuxième position, un faisceau lumineux traversant l'au moins un perçage est détecté par le capteur tandis que, dans l'autre position, l'au moins un perçage de l'élément d'actionnement est disposé de façon décalée de façon à empêcher le capteur de détecter un faisceau lumineux.
EP15771933.7A 2014-10-30 2015-09-29 Commutateur et système de sécurité pour surveiller une opération de travail autorisée d'une machine ou d'un dispositif Withdrawn EP3212986A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201420105201 DE202014105201U1 (de) 2014-10-30 2014-10-30 Schalter und Sicherungssystem zur Überwachung eines zulässigen Arbeitsbetriebes einer Maschine oder einer Vorrichtung
PCT/EP2015/072426 WO2016066361A1 (fr) 2014-10-30 2015-09-29 Commutateur et système de sécurité pour surveiller une opération de travail autorisée d'une machine ou d'un dispositif

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3212986A1 true EP3212986A1 (fr) 2017-09-06

Family

ID=52010141

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15771933.7A Withdrawn EP3212986A1 (fr) 2014-10-30 2015-09-29 Commutateur et système de sécurité pour surveiller une opération de travail autorisée d'une machine ou d'un dispositif

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3212986A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202014105201U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016066361A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019102004B3 (de) 2019-01-28 2020-06-10 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Verbessertes Zugangsabsicherungssystem zum Absichern einer Maschine oder Anlage
CN112747247A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-05-04 上海通领汽车科技股份有限公司 防坠落装置

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3726833C1 (en) * 1987-08-12 1989-03-23 Keilwerth Helge Bolt switch contact
DE4318518C1 (de) * 1993-06-03 1994-09-01 Fuss Fritz Gmbh & Co Türüberwachungsvorrichtung
US5950767A (en) * 1997-08-15 1999-09-14 Otis Elevator Company Optical door lock

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *
See also references of WO2016066361A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2016066361A1 (fr) 2016-05-06
DE202014105201U1 (de) 2014-11-11

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