EP3212362A1 - Percussion apparatus - Google Patents

Percussion apparatus

Info

Publication number
EP3212362A1
EP3212362A1 EP15804871.0A EP15804871A EP3212362A1 EP 3212362 A1 EP3212362 A1 EP 3212362A1 EP 15804871 A EP15804871 A EP 15804871A EP 3212362 A1 EP3212362 A1 EP 3212362A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
chamber
cylinder
piston
slide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15804871.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3212362B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Sylvain Comarmond
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Montabert SAS
Original Assignee
Montabert SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Montabert SAS filed Critical Montabert SAS
Publication of EP3212362A1 publication Critical patent/EP3212362A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3212362B1 publication Critical patent/EP3212362B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
    • B25D9/145—Control devices for the reciprocating piston for hydraulically actuated hammers having an accumulator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
    • B25D9/16—Valve arrangements therefor
    • B25D9/18—Valve arrangements therefor involving a piston-type slide valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
    • B25D9/16—Valve arrangements therefor
    • B25D9/20—Valve arrangements therefor involving a tubular-type slide valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
    • B25D9/26—Control devices for adjusting the stroke of the piston or the force or frequency of impact thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2209/00—Details of portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D2209/007—Details of portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously having a tubular-slide valve, which is not coaxial with the piston

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a percussion apparatus, and more particularly to a hydraulic percussion apparatus.
  • the document FR2595972 discloses a percussion apparatus, comprising:
  • a striking piston mounted alternately movable inside the piston cylinder, and arranged to strike a tool during each cycle of operation of the percussion apparatus
  • control distributor arranged to control an alternating movement of the striking piston inside the piston cylinder alternately according to a striking stroke and a return stroke
  • control device arranged to vary the strike stroke of the striking piston as a function of the hardness of the terrain encountered by the tool, the control device comprising:
  • each control channel also opening into the piston cylinder and being able to be placed in communication with a high pressure fluid supply circuit for at least a portion of the reciprocating movement of the striking piston
  • control channel connected to the control valve and opening into the control cylinder
  • control spool movably mounted in the control cylinder between a plurality of pilot positions in each of which the control spool is configured to fluidically connect the control channel with at least one of the control channels
  • the control device further comprises a flow control member, formed by a positive displacement pump, actuated in synchronism with the striking piston.
  • the flow control member is shaped to ensure the admission, at each operating cycle of the percussion apparatus, a predetermined amount of fluid in the first control chamber.
  • the control device also comprises a discharge channel opening respectively into the piston cylinder and into the first control chamber, the evacuation channel being configured to be placed in communication with the low-pressure return circuit, via a peripheral groove. provided on the striking piston and a connecting channel permanently connected to the low pressure return circuit and opening into the piston cylinder, when the striking piston is in and / or near a theoretical striking position.
  • the evacuation channel is configured to evacuate, at each operating cycle of the percussion apparatus, a quantity of fluid from the first control chamber which depends on the residence time of the striking piston in and / or near its theoretical strike position and therefore the hardness of the terrain encountered by the tool.
  • a disadvantage of such a percussion apparatus lies in the complexity of the realization of the volumetric pump. Indeed, such a volumetric pump requires the realization of rectified bores and drawers, implanted in one or more heavy and expensive parts.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these disadvantages.
  • the technical problem underlying the invention therefore consists in providing a percussion apparatus comprising a simple and economical structure control device, while at the same time making it possible to automatically adapt the length of the strike stroke of the striking piston as a function of the hardness of the ground in which the percussions are generated.
  • the present invention relates to a percussion apparatus, comprising:
  • a striking piston mounted alternately movable inside the piston cylinder, and arranged to strike a tool during each cycle of operation of the percussion apparatus, a control distributor arranged to control an alternating movement of the striking piston inside the piston cylinder alternately according to a striking stroke and a return stroke,
  • control device arranged to vary the strike stroke of the striking piston as a function of the hardness of the terrain encountered by the tool, the control device comprising:
  • each control channel also opening into the piston cylinder and being able to be placed in communication with a high pressure fluid supply circuit for at least a portion of the reciprocating movement of the striking piston
  • control channel connected to the control valve and opening into the control cylinder
  • control spool movably mounted in the control cylinder between a plurality of pilot positions in each of which the control spool is configured to fluidically connect the control channel with at least one of the control channels
  • a second pilot chamber delimited by the control spool and the control cylinder, a second face of the control spool, opposite the first face, being located in the second pilot chamber,
  • control spool defines a receiving housing
  • control device further comprises an adjusting spool mounted in the receiving housing, the control spool and the adjusting spool delimiting a first control chamber permanently fluidically connected to the control channel and a second control chamber permanently fluidly connected to the high-pressure fluid supply circuit
  • the adjustment slide is movably mounted in the receiving housing between a first position in which the adjustment slide is configured to fluidly connect the first control chamber and the second control chamber and a second position in which the control slide is configured to fluidly isolate the first control chamber and the second control chamber
  • the control device being configured from so that the adjustment drawer is moved to its first po when the control channel is fluidly connected to the high pressure fluid supply circuit via at least one of the control channels.
  • the adjustment slide is configured to feed, at each cycle of operation of the percussion apparatus, the first control chamber with a predetermined quantity of high pressure fluid, and without the need for the presence of a regulating device. complex flow, such as a positive displacement pump.
  • the control device is configured such that the control slide is operated synchronously with the control valve.
  • the adjustment spool is configured to operate at the same frequency as the striking piston.
  • the percussion apparatus may further have one or more of the following features, taken alone or in combination.
  • control spool and the control spool define a second control chamber permanently fluidly connected to the high-pressure fluid supply circuit, the adjustment spool being configured to fluidically isolate the first pilot chamber and the second adjustment chamber when the adjusting spool is in its second position, and for fluidically connecting the first control chamber and the second adjustment chamber when the adjustment spool is in its first position.
  • the adjustment slide is slidably mounted in the receiving housing.
  • the adjustment slide comprises an end face located in the first adjustment chamber.
  • control cylinder and the control spool define an annular outer chamber permanently connected to the high pressure fluid supply circuit, the control spool comprising a connecting passage configured to connect fluidically. the annular outer chamber and the second adjustment chamber.
  • each of the control channels has a first end opening into the piston cylinder and a second end opening into the pilot cylinder, the first ends of the control channels being offset in the direction of the piston. extension of the striking piston, and the second ends of the control channels being offset in the direction of extension of the control spool.
  • the control device is configured such that the adjustment slide is moved to its second position when the control channel is fluidly isolated from the high-pressure fluid supply circuit.
  • the adjustment slide comprises a supply passage fluidly connected to the first control chamber, the control slide being configured so that the feed passage is fluidly isolated from the second adjusting chamber when the adjusting spool is in its second position, and so that the supply passage is fluidly connected to the second adjusting chamber when the adjusting spool is in its first position.
  • control channel also opens into the piston cylinder, and is configured to be placed in communication with a low pressure return circuit during at least a portion of the reciprocating movement of the striking piston.
  • control device is configured such that the adjustment slide is moved to its second position when the control channel is fluidly connected to the low pressure return circuit.
  • control channel is configured to be placed in communication with the low-pressure return circuit during at least part of the strike stroke of the striking piston or when the striking piston is in position. and / or near a theoretical strike position.
  • the percussion apparatus comprises a connecting channel permanently connected to the low-pressure return circuit and opening into the piston cylinder, the striking piston comprising a peripheral groove configured to fluidly connect said connecting channel and the control channel during at least part of the strike stroke of the striking piston, for example at the end of the striking stroke, or when the striking piston is in and / or near a position theoretical strike.
  • control spool comprises a peripheral control groove, the peripheral control groove and the control cylinder defining an annular connection chamber in which the control channel opens, the annular connection chamber. being configured to fluidically connect the control channel with at least one of the control channels according to the driving position occupied by the control spool.
  • control spool comprises a connection orifice configured to fluidly connect the annular connection chamber and the first adjustment chamber.
  • the connecting orifice opens respectively into the first adjustment chamber and into the bottom of the peripheral control groove.
  • each control channel is adapted to be placed in communication with the high-pressure fluid supply circuit during at least part of the return stroke of the striking piston.
  • control device comprises a discharge channel opening respectively into the piston cylinder and into the first control chamber, the evacuation channel being configured to be put in communication with the circuit low pressure return when the striking piston is in and / or near a theoretical striking position.
  • the evacuation channel is configured to evacuate, at each operating cycle of the percussion apparatus, a quantity of fluid outside the first control chamber.
  • the percussion apparatus comprises a connecting channel permanently connected to the low-pressure return circuit and opening into the piston cylinder, the striking piston comprising a peripheral groove configured to fluidically connect the connecting channel and the evacuation channel when the striking piston is in and / or near a theoretical striking position.
  • the evacuation channel is provided with a calibrated orifice.
  • the striking piston and the piston cylinder defines a first control chamber permanently connected to the high-pressure fluid supply circuit and a second control chamber, the control distributor being configured. for placing the second control chamber alternately with the high pressure fluid supply circuit and the low pressure return circuit.
  • each control channel is configured to be placed in communication with the first control chamber during at least part of the reciprocating movement of the striking piston, and for example during at least a portion of the return stroke of the striking piston.
  • the second pilot chamber is permanently connected to the low pressure return circuit.
  • control device comprises a connecting channel permanently connected to the low pressure return circuit and opening into the second control chamber.
  • control spool comprises a retaining member configured to retain the adjustment spool in the receiving housing.
  • the retaining member delimits at least part of the first control chamber and is configured to limit the displacement stroke of the adjustment slide towards the first control chamber.
  • the adjustment slide comprises a tubular portion delimiting at least in part the feed passage, the retaining member extending around the tubular portion.
  • the retaining member comprises an abutment surface against which is able to bear the adjustment spool in its first position.
  • control channel is connected to a control chamber of the control valve.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a percussion apparatus according to the invention.
  • Figures 2 and 3 are longitudinal sectional views of a driving device of the percussion apparatus of Figure 1 in two different operating positions.
  • the percussion apparatus 2 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 comprises a body 3 delimiting a piston cylinder 4, and a stepped striking piston 5 mounted alternately sliding inside the piston cylinder 4.
  • the striking piston 5 is intended to strike against the upper end of a tool 6 slidably mounted in a bore 7 formed in the body 3 coaxially with the piston cylinder 4.
  • the striking piston 5 and the piston cylinder 4 define a first annular control chamber 8, called a lower chamber, and a second chamber 9, said upper chamber, of larger section disposed above the striking piston 5.
  • the percussion apparatus 2 further comprises a control valve 11 arranged to control reciprocating movement of the striking piston 5 within the piston cylinder 4 alternately in a striking stroke and a return stroke.
  • the control distributor 11 is configured to put the second control chamber 9, alternatively in connection with a high pressure fluid supply circuit 12 during the strike stroke of the striking piston 5, and with a low pressure return circuit 13 during the return stroke of the striking piston 5.
  • the control distributor 11 is more particularly mounted mobile in a bore formed in the body 3 between a first position (see FIG. 1) in which the control distributor 11 is configured to put the second control chamber 9 in relation with the circuit. low pressure return valve 13 and a second position in which the control valve 11 is configured to put the second control chamber 9 in relation with the high pressure fluid supply circuit 12.
  • the first control chamber 8 is permanently supplied with high pressure fluid by a connecting channel 14, so that each position of the control valve 11 causes the striking stroke of the striking piston 5, then the return stroke of the 5.
  • the connecting channel 14 may advantageously be connected to an accumulator.
  • the percussion apparatus 2 also comprises a control device 15 arranged to vary the striking stroke of the striking piston 5 between a short striking stroke and a long striking stroke and vice versa, depending on the hardness of the ground encountered by the tool 6.
  • the control device 15 comprises a control slide 16 mounted in a control cylinder 17 formed in the body 3.
  • the control cylinder 17 is stepped, and comprises a first portion 17a, and a second portion 17b having a section greater than that of the first part 17a.
  • the control device 15 furthermore comprises a plurality of control channels 18a, 18b, 18c arranged to drive different stroke lengths.
  • Each pilot channel 18a, 18b, 18c opens respectively into the control cylinder 17 and into the piston cylinder 4.
  • the ends of the control channels 18a, 18b, 18c opening into the piston cylinder 4 are offset in the direction of extension of the striking piston 5, while the ends of the channels of 18a, 18b, 18c opening into the control cylinder 17 are shifted in the direction of extension of the control spool 16.
  • the control device 15 may for example comprise four control channels and therefore allow the setting of four different stroke lengths.
  • the control device 15 could comprise less than four or more control channels.
  • the control device 15 could for example include three control channels.
  • Each control channel 18a, 18b, 18c is able to be put in communication with the first control chamber 8, and therefore with the high-pressure fluid supply circuit 12, during at least a portion of the return stroke of the piston. 5.
  • the control device 15 also comprises a control channel 19 fluidly connected to a control chamber 21 of the control distributor 11.
  • the control channel 19 opens on the one hand into the control cylinder 17 and on the other hand into the cylinder piston 4.
  • the control spool 16 is slidably mounted in the control cylinder 17 between a plurality of pilot positions in each of which the control spool 16 is configured to fluidically connect the control channel 19 with at least one of the control channels 18a. , 18b, 18c.
  • the control slide 16 comprises a peripheral control groove 22.
  • the peripheral control groove 22 and the control cylinder 17 define an annular connecting chamber 23 into which the control channel 19 opens.
  • the connection chamber 23 is more particularly configured to fluidically connect the control channel 19 with at least one of the control channels 18a, 18b, 18c as a function of the driving position occupied by the control slide 16.
  • the control channel 19 is configured to be placed in communication with the high-pressure fluid supply circuit 12, via at least one of the control channels 18a, 18b, 18c, during at least part of the return stroke of the striking piston.
  • the control channel 19 is also configured to be placed in communication with the low pressure return circuit 13 when the striking piston 5 is in and / or near a theoretical strike position.
  • the percussion apparatus 2 comprises a connecting channel 24 permanently connected to the low-pressure return circuit 13 and opening into the piston cylinder 4, and the striking piston 5 comprises a throat device 25 configured to fluidly connect the connecting channel 24 and the control channel 19 when the striking piston 5 is in and / or near a theoretical striking position.
  • the percussion apparatus 2 is configured such that the control distributor 11 is moved to its first position when the control chamber 21 and the control channel 19 are connected to the low pressure return circuit 13 and to its second position when the control chamber 21 and the control channel 19 are connected to the high pressure fluid supply circuit 12.
  • the control spool 16 and the control cylinder 17 define a first control chamber 26 in which is located a first face 16a of the control spool 16, and a second control chamber 27 in which is located a second face 16b of the spool of the spool. steering 16 opposite to the first face 16a.
  • the second pilot chamber 27 is permanently connected to the low pressure return circuit 13 via a connecting channel 28.
  • the control device 15 further comprises an evacuation channel 29 provided with a calibrated orifice 31.
  • the evacuation channel 29 opens respectively into the piston cylinder 4 and into the first control chamber 26, and is configured to be placed in communication with the low pressure return circuit 13 when the striking piston 5 is in and / or near its theoretical striking position.
  • the percussion apparatus 2 comprises a connecting channel 32 permanently connected to the low-pressure return circuit 13 and opening into the piston cylinder 4, and the striking piston 5 comprising a peripheral groove 33 configured to connect fluidically.
  • the end of the evacuation channel 29 opening into the piston cylinder 4 is configured to be closed by an external wall of the striking piston 5 when the latter is at a distance from its theoretical strike position.
  • the control device 15 also comprises an adjustment slide valve 34 slidably mounted in a longitudinal, and advantageously axial, reception housing 35 delimited by the control slide 16.
  • the control slide 16 and the adjustment slide 34 define a first chamber setting 36 permanently connected fluidically to the control channel 19 and in which is located an end face 34a of the adjusting spool 34.
  • the control spool 16 and the adjusting spool 34 further delimit a second control chamber 37 fluidly connected in permanence to the high-pressure fluid supply circuit 12.
  • the second adjustment chamber 37 is annular.
  • control spool 16 comprises a connecting orifice 38 configured to fluidly connect the connection chamber 23 and the first adjustment chamber 36.
  • the connection orifice 38 opens advantageously respectively in the first adjusting chamber 36 and in the bottom of the peripheral control groove 22.
  • the second portion 17b of the control cylinder 17 and the control spool 16 defines an annular outer chamber 39 permanently connected to the high pressure fluid supply circuit 12 by a connecting channel 41 and the control spool 16 comprises a connecting passage 42 configured to fluidically connect the annular outer chamber 39 and the second control chamber 37.
  • the connecting passage 42 comprises, for example, a first end opening into the second control chamber 37 and a second end opening into the annular outer chamber 39.
  • the outer chamber 39 being delimited by the second portion 17b of large section of the control cylinder 17, the force exerted by the high pressure fluid on the control slide 16 tends to move it in a direction of volume decrease of the first adjusting chamber 26.
  • the adjusting slide 34 further comprises a feed passage 43 fluidly connected to the first control chamber 26.
  • the feed passage 43 has a first end opening axially in the face of the end 34b of the adjusting spool 34 facing the first control chamber 26, and a second end opening radially in a side wall of the adjusting spool 34.
  • the adjustment slide 34 comprises a tubular portion 44 partially delimiting the feed passage 43
  • the control spool 16 comprises a retaining ring 45 extending around the tubular portion 44 and configured to retain the adjusting spool 34 in the receiving housing 35.
  • the retaining ring 45 is configured to limit the travel of the adjusting spool 34 to the first control chamber 26, and includes, for example, a stop 45a against which is able to bear the adjustment slide 34 in its first position.
  • the adjustment slide 34 is slidably mounted in the receiving housing 35 between a first position in which the feed passage 43 is fluidly connected to the second control chamber 37 (see Fig. 3), and a second position in which the supply passage 43 is fluidly isolated from the second control chamber 37 (see Fig. 2). In the second adjustment slide position 34, the second end of the feed passage 43 is closed by an inner wall of the control slide 16 partially delimiting the receiving housing 35.
  • the adjustment slide 34 is more particularly configured to be moved to its first position when the control channel 19 is fluidly connected to the high pressure fluid supply circuit 12 via at least one of the control channels 18a, 18b, 18c , and to be moved to its second position when the control channel 19 is fluidly connected to the low-pressure return circuit 13 via the peripheral groove 25 and the connecting channel 24.
  • the control spool 16 has a substantially stable position when the amount of fluid extracted per cycle from the first control chamber 26 through the exhaust channel 29 is equal to the amount of fluid injected per cycle into the first adjustment chamber 26 through the feed passage 43.
  • the residence time of the striking piston 5 in and / or near its theoretical strike position increases, as well as the duration of communication of the first chamber of adjustment 26 with the low-pressure return circuit 13 via the evacuation channel 29 and the peripheral groove 33.
  • the quantity of fluid extracted from the first adjustment chamber 26 becomes larger than the quantity of fluid injected by the first adjustment chamber 26 through the feed passage 43. This results in a displacement of the control spool 16 in a direction of reducing the volume of the first adjustment chamber 26 under the action of the supply pressure in the outer chamber 39, which results in an action on the control valve 11 which decreases the strike stroke of the striking piston 5.
  • the invention is not limited to the sole embodiment of this percussion apparatus, described above as an example, it encompasses all the variants.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a percussion apparatus (2) which includes a striking piston (5), a control valve (11) arranged to control an alternating movement of the striking piston (5), and an operating device (15) arranged suo as to vary the striking travel of the striking piston (5). The operating device (15) comprises a plurality of operating channels (18a-18c), a control channel (19) connected to the control valve (11), an operating slide (16) mounted movable between a plurality of operating positions, and an adjustment slide (34) mounted in a receiving recess defined by the operating slide, the operating slide (16) and the adjustment slide (34) defining a first adjustment chamber connected to the control channel (19) and a second adjustment chamber connected to a circuit for supplying a high-pressure fluid (12). The adjustment slide (34) is movably mounted between a first position in which the first operating chamber and the second adjustment chamber are connected and a second position in which the first operating chamber and the second adjustment chamber are isolated.

Description

Appareil à percussions  Percussion apparatus
La présente invention concerne un appareil à percussions, et plus particulièrement un appareil hydraulique à percussions. The present invention relates to a percussion apparatus, and more particularly to a hydraulic percussion apparatus.
Le document FR2595972 divulgue un appareil à percussions, comportant :  The document FR2595972 discloses a percussion apparatus, comprising:
- un corps délimitant un cylindre de piston,  a body delimiting a piston cylinder,
- un piston de frappe monté déplaçable de façon alternative à l'intérieur du cylindre de piston, et agencé pour venir percuter un outil au cours de chaque cycle de fonctionnement de l'appareil à percussions,  - A striking piston mounted alternately movable inside the piston cylinder, and arranged to strike a tool during each cycle of operation of the percussion apparatus,
- un distributeur de commande agencé pour commander un mouvement alternatif du piston de frappe à l'intérieur du cylindre de piston alternativement suivant une course de frappe et une course de retour,  a control distributor arranged to control an alternating movement of the striking piston inside the piston cylinder alternately according to a striking stroke and a return stroke,
- un dispositif de pilotage agencé pour faire varier la course de frappe du piston de frappe en fonction de la dureté du terrain rencontré par l'outil, le dispositif de pilotage comprenant :  a control device arranged to vary the strike stroke of the striking piston as a function of the hardness of the terrain encountered by the tool, the control device comprising:
- un cylindre de pilotage,  - a steering cylinder,
- une pluralité de canaux de pilotage débouchant chacun dans le cylindre de pilotage, chaque canal de pilotage débouchant également dans le cylindre de piston et étant apte à être mis en communication avec un circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression pendant au moins une partie du mouvement alternatif du piston de frappe,  a plurality of piloting ducts each opening into the control cylinder, each control channel also opening into the piston cylinder and being able to be placed in communication with a high pressure fluid supply circuit for at least a portion of the reciprocating movement of the striking piston,
- un canal de commande relié au distributeur de commande et débouchant dans le cylindre de pilotage,  a control channel connected to the control valve and opening into the control cylinder,
- un tiroir de pilotage monté mobile dans le cylindre de pilotage entre une pluralité de positions de pilotage dans chacune desquelles le tiroir de pilotage est configuré pour relier fluidiquement le canal de commande avec au moins l'un des canaux de pilotage,  a control spool movably mounted in the control cylinder between a plurality of pilot positions in each of which the control spool is configured to fluidically connect the control channel with at least one of the control channels,
- une première chambre de pilotage délimitée par le tiroir de pilotage et le cylindre de pilotage, une première face du tiroir de pilotage étant située dans la première chambre de pilotage, et  a first control chamber delimited by the control slide and the control cylinder, a first face of the control slide being situated in the first control chamber, and
- une deuxième chambre de pilotage délimitée par le tiroir de pilotage et le cylindre de pilotage et reliée en permanence à un circuit de retour basse pression, une deuxième face du tiroir de pilotage, opposée à la première face, étant située dans la deuxième chambre de pilotage. Le dispositif de pilotage comprend en outre un organe de régulation de débit, formé par une pompe volumétrique, actionné en synchronisme avec le piston de frappe. L'organe de régulation de débit est conformé pour assurer l'admission, à chaque cycle de fonctionnement de l'appareil à percussions, d'une quantité prédéterminée de fluide dans la première chambre de pilotage. a second pilot chamber delimited by the control spool and the control cylinder and permanently connected to a low-pressure return circuit, a second face of the control spool, opposite the first face, being situated in the second chamber of piloting. The control device further comprises a flow control member, formed by a positive displacement pump, actuated in synchronism with the striking piston. The flow control member is shaped to ensure the admission, at each operating cycle of the percussion apparatus, a predetermined amount of fluid in the first control chamber.
Le dispositif de pilotage comprend également un canal d'évacuation débouchant respectivement dans le cylindre de piston et dans la première chambre de pilotage, le canal d'évacuation étant configuré pour être mis en communication avec le circuit de retour basse pression, via une gorge périphérique prévue sur le piston de frappe et un canal de liaison relié en permanence au circuit de retour basse pression et débouchant dans le cylindre de piston, lorsque le piston de frappe est dans et/ou à proximité d'une position théorique de frappe.  The control device also comprises a discharge channel opening respectively into the piston cylinder and into the first control chamber, the evacuation channel being configured to be placed in communication with the low-pressure return circuit, via a peripheral groove. provided on the striking piston and a connecting channel permanently connected to the low pressure return circuit and opening into the piston cylinder, when the striking piston is in and / or near a theoretical striking position.
Le canal d'évacuation est configuré pour évacuer, à chaque cycle de fonctionnement de l'appareil à percussions, une quantité de fluide hors de la première chambre de pilotage qui dépend de la durée de séjour du piston de frappe dans et/ou à proximité de sa position théorique de frappe et donc de la dureté du terrain rencontré par l'outil. Ces dispositions permettent de régler la position du tiroir de pilotage et ainsi la longueur de la course de frappe du piston de frappe en fonction de la dureté du terrain rencontré par l'outil.  The evacuation channel is configured to evacuate, at each operating cycle of the percussion apparatus, a quantity of fluid from the first control chamber which depends on the residence time of the striking piston in and / or near its theoretical strike position and therefore the hardness of the terrain encountered by the tool. These arrangements make it possible to adjust the position of the control spool and thus the length of the strike stroke of the striking piston as a function of the hardness of the terrain encountered by the tool.
Un inconvénient d'un tel appareil à percussions réside dans la complexité de la réalisation de la pompe volumétrique. En effet, une telle pompe volumétrique requiert la réalisation d'alésages et de tiroirs rectifiés, implantés dans une ou plusieurs pièces lourdes et coûteuses.  A disadvantage of such a percussion apparatus lies in the complexity of the realization of the volumetric pump. Indeed, such a volumetric pump requires the realization of rectified bores and drawers, implanted in one or more heavy and expensive parts.
La présente invention vise à remédier à ces inconvénients.  The present invention aims to remedy these disadvantages.
Le problème technique à la base de l'invention consiste donc à fournir un appareil à percussions comportant un dispositif de pilotage de structure simple et économique, tout en permettant d'adapter automatiquement la longueur de la course de frappe du piston de frappe en fonction de la dureté du terrain dans lequel sont générées les percussions.  The technical problem underlying the invention therefore consists in providing a percussion apparatus comprising a simple and economical structure control device, while at the same time making it possible to automatically adapt the length of the strike stroke of the striking piston as a function of the hardness of the ground in which the percussions are generated.
A cet effet, la présente invention concerne un appareil à percussions, comportant :  For this purpose, the present invention relates to a percussion apparatus, comprising:
- un corps délimitant un cylindre de piston,  a body delimiting a piston cylinder,
- un piston de frappe monté déplaçable de façon alternative à l'intérieur du cylindre de piston, et agencé pour venir percuter un outil au cours de chaque cycle de fonctionnement de l'appareil à percussions, - un distributeur de commande agencé pour commander un mouvement alternatif du piston de frappe à l'intérieur du cylindre de piston alternativement suivant une course de frappe et une course de retour, - A striking piston mounted alternately movable inside the piston cylinder, and arranged to strike a tool during each cycle of operation of the percussion apparatus, a control distributor arranged to control an alternating movement of the striking piston inside the piston cylinder alternately according to a striking stroke and a return stroke,
- un dispositif de pilotage agencé pour faire varier la course de frappe du piston de frappe en fonction de la dureté du terrain rencontré par l'outil, le dispositif de pilotage comprenant :  a control device arranged to vary the strike stroke of the striking piston as a function of the hardness of the terrain encountered by the tool, the control device comprising:
- un cylindre de pilotage,  - a steering cylinder,
- une pluralité de canaux de pilotage débouchant chacun dans le cylindre de pilotage, chaque canal de pilotage débouchant également dans le cylindre de piston et étant apte à être mis en communication avec un circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression pendant au moins une partie du mouvement alternatif du piston de frappe,  a plurality of piloting ducts each opening into the control cylinder, each control channel also opening into the piston cylinder and being able to be placed in communication with a high pressure fluid supply circuit for at least a portion of the reciprocating movement of the striking piston,
- un canal de commande relié au distributeur de commande et débouchant dans le cylindre de pilotage,  a control channel connected to the control valve and opening into the control cylinder,
- un tiroir de pilotage monté mobile dans le cylindre de pilotage entre une pluralité de positions de pilotage dans chacune desquelles le tiroir de pilotage est configuré pour relier fluidiquement le canal de commande avec au moins l'un des canaux de pilotage,  a control spool movably mounted in the control cylinder between a plurality of pilot positions in each of which the control spool is configured to fluidically connect the control channel with at least one of the control channels,
- une première chambre de pilotage délimitée par le tiroir de pilotage et le cylindre de pilotage, une première face du tiroir de pilotage étant située dans la première chambre de pilotage, et  a first control chamber delimited by the control slide and the control cylinder, a first face of the control slide being situated in the first control chamber, and
- une deuxième chambre de pilotage délimitée par le tiroir de pilotage et le cylindre de pilotage, une deuxième face du tiroir de pilotage, opposée à la première face, étant située dans la deuxième chambre de pilotage,  a second pilot chamber delimited by the control spool and the control cylinder, a second face of the control spool, opposite the first face, being located in the second pilot chamber,
le tiroir de pilotage délimite un logement de réception, en ce que le dispositif de pilotage comprend en outre un tiroir de réglage monté dans le logement de réception, le tiroir de pilotage et le tiroir de réglage délimitant une première chambre de réglage reliée fluidiquement en permanence au canal de commande et une deuxième chambre de réglage reliée fluidiquement en permanence au circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression, et en ce que le tiroir de réglage est monté mobile dans le logement de réception entre une première position dans laquelle le tiroir de réglage est configuré pour relier fluidiquement la première chambre de pilotage et la deuxième chambre de réglage et une deuxième position dans laquelle le tiroir de réglage est configuré pour isoler fluidiquement la première chambre de pilotage et la deuxième chambre de réglage, le dispositif de pilotage étant configuré de telle sorte que le tiroir de réglage est déplacé vers sa première position lorsque le canal de commande est relié fluidiquement au circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression via au moins l'un des canaux de pilotage. the control spool defines a receiving housing, in that the control device further comprises an adjusting spool mounted in the receiving housing, the control spool and the adjusting spool delimiting a first control chamber permanently fluidically connected to the control channel and a second control chamber permanently fluidly connected to the high-pressure fluid supply circuit, and in that the adjustment slide is movably mounted in the receiving housing between a first position in which the adjustment slide is configured to fluidly connect the first control chamber and the second control chamber and a second position in which the control slide is configured to fluidly isolate the first control chamber and the second control chamber, the control device being configured from so that the adjustment drawer is moved to its first po when the control channel is fluidly connected to the high pressure fluid supply circuit via at least one of the control channels.
Ainsi, le tiroir de réglage est configuré pour alimenter, à chaque cycle de fonctionnement de l'appareil à percussions, la première chambre de pilotage avec une quantité prédéterminée de fluide haute pression, et ce sans nécessiter la présence d'un organe de régulation de débit complexe, telle qu'une pompe volumétrique.  Thus, the adjustment slide is configured to feed, at each cycle of operation of the percussion apparatus, the first control chamber with a predetermined quantity of high pressure fluid, and without the need for the presence of a regulating device. complex flow, such as a positive displacement pump.
En outre, étant donné que la première chambre de réglage est reliée fluidiquement en permanence au canal de commande, le dispositif de pilotage est configuré de telle sorte que le tiroir de réglage est actionné en synchronisme avec le distributeur de commande. De ce fait, le tiroir de réglage est configuré pour fonctionner à la même fréquence que le piston de frappe.  In addition, since the first control chamber is continuously fluidly connected to the control channel, the control device is configured such that the control slide is operated synchronously with the control valve. As a result, the adjustment spool is configured to operate at the same frequency as the striking piston.
L'appareil à percussions peut en outre présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises seules ou en combinaison.  The percussion apparatus may further have one or more of the following features, taken alone or in combination.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le tiroir de pilotage et le tiroir de réglage délimitent une deuxième chambre de réglage reliée fluidiquement en permanence au circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression, le tiroir de réglage étant configuré pour isoler fluidiquement la première chambre de pilotage et la deuxième chambre de réglage lorsque le tiroir de réglage est dans sa deuxième position, et pour relier fluidiquement la première chambre de pilotage et la deuxième chambre de réglage lorsque le tiroir de réglage est dans sa première position.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the control spool and the control spool define a second control chamber permanently fluidly connected to the high-pressure fluid supply circuit, the adjustment spool being configured to fluidically isolate the first pilot chamber and the second adjustment chamber when the adjusting spool is in its second position, and for fluidically connecting the first control chamber and the second adjustment chamber when the adjustment spool is in its first position.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le tiroir de réglage est monté coulissant dans le logement de réception.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the adjustment slide is slidably mounted in the receiving housing.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le tiroir de réglage comprend une face d'extrémité située dans la première chambre de réglage.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the adjustment slide comprises an end face located in the first adjustment chamber.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le cylindre de pilotage et le tiroir de pilotage délimite une chambre externe annulaire reliée en permanence au circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression, le tiroir de pilotage comprenant un passage de liaison configuré pour relier fluidiquement la chambre externe annulaire et la deuxième chambre de réglage.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the control cylinder and the control spool define an annular outer chamber permanently connected to the high pressure fluid supply circuit, the control spool comprising a connecting passage configured to connect fluidically. the annular outer chamber and the second adjustment chamber.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, chacun des canaux de pilotage comporte une première extrémité débouchant dans le cylindre de piston et une deuxième extrémité débouchant dans le cylindre de pilotage, les premières extrémités des canaux de pilotage étant décalées selon la direction d'extension du piston de frappe, et les deuxièmes extrémités des canaux de pilotage étant décalées selon la direction d'extension du tiroir de pilotage. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif de pilotage est configuré de telle sorte que le tiroir de réglage est déplacé vers sa deuxième position lorsque le canal de commande est isolé fluidiquement du circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression. According to one embodiment of the invention, each of the control channels has a first end opening into the piston cylinder and a second end opening into the pilot cylinder, the first ends of the control channels being offset in the direction of the piston. extension of the striking piston, and the second ends of the control channels being offset in the direction of extension of the control spool. According to one embodiment of the invention, the control device is configured such that the adjustment slide is moved to its second position when the control channel is fluidly isolated from the high-pressure fluid supply circuit.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le tiroir de réglage comprend un passage d'alimentation relié fluidiquement à la première chambre de pilotage, le tiroir de réglage étant configuré de telle sorte que le passage d'alimentation est isolé fluidiquement de la deuxième chambre de réglage lorsque le tiroir de réglage est dans sa deuxième position, et de telle sorte que le passage d'alimentation est relié fluidiquement à la deuxième chambre de réglage lorsque le tiroir de réglage est dans sa première position.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the adjustment slide comprises a supply passage fluidly connected to the first control chamber, the control slide being configured so that the feed passage is fluidly isolated from the second adjusting chamber when the adjusting spool is in its second position, and so that the supply passage is fluidly connected to the second adjusting chamber when the adjusting spool is in its first position.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le canal de commande débouche également dans le cylindre de piston, et est configuré pour être mis en communication avec un circuit de retour basse pression pendant au moins une partie du mouvement alternatif du piston de frappe.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the control channel also opens into the piston cylinder, and is configured to be placed in communication with a low pressure return circuit during at least a portion of the reciprocating movement of the striking piston.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif de pilotage est configuré de telle sorte que le tiroir de réglage est déplacé vers sa deuxième position lorsque le canal de commande est relié fluidiquement au circuit de retour basse pression.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the control device is configured such that the adjustment slide is moved to its second position when the control channel is fluidly connected to the low pressure return circuit.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le canal de commande est configuré pour être mis en communication avec le circuit de retour basse pression pendant au moins une partie de la course de frappe du piston de frappe ou lorsque le piston de frappe est dans et/ou à proximité d'une position théorique de frappe.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the control channel is configured to be placed in communication with the low-pressure return circuit during at least part of the strike stroke of the striking piston or when the striking piston is in position. and / or near a theoretical strike position.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'appareil à percussions comprend un canal de liaison relié en permanence au circuit de retour basse pression et débouchant dans le cylindre de piston, le piston de frappe comportant une gorge périphérique configurée pour relier fluidiquement ledit canal de liaison et le canal de commande pendant au moins une partie de la course de frappe du piston de frappe, et par exemple en fin de course de frappe, ou lorsque le piston de frappe est dans et/ou à proximité d'une position théorique de frappe.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the percussion apparatus comprises a connecting channel permanently connected to the low-pressure return circuit and opening into the piston cylinder, the striking piston comprising a peripheral groove configured to fluidly connect said connecting channel and the control channel during at least part of the strike stroke of the striking piston, for example at the end of the striking stroke, or when the striking piston is in and / or near a position theoretical strike.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le tiroir de pilotage comprend une gorge de pilotage périphérique, la gorge de pilotage périphérique et le cylindre de pilotage délimitant une chambre de liaison annulaire dans laquelle débouche le canal de commande, la chambre de liaison annulaire étant configurée pour relier fluidiquement le canal de commande avec au moins l'un des canaux de pilotage en fonction de la position de pilotage occupée par le tiroir de pilotage. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le tiroir de pilotage comprend un orifice de liaison configuré pour relier fluidiquement la chambre de liaison annulaire et la première chambre de réglage. According to one embodiment of the invention, the control spool comprises a peripheral control groove, the peripheral control groove and the control cylinder defining an annular connection chamber in which the control channel opens, the annular connection chamber. being configured to fluidically connect the control channel with at least one of the control channels according to the driving position occupied by the control spool. According to one embodiment of the invention, the control spool comprises a connection orifice configured to fluidly connect the annular connection chamber and the first adjustment chamber.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'orifice de liaison débouche respectivement dans la première chambre de réglage et dans le fond de la gorge de pilotage périphérique.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the connecting orifice opens respectively into the first adjustment chamber and into the bottom of the peripheral control groove.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, chaque canal de pilotage est apte à être mis en communication avec le circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression pendant au moins une partie de la course de retour du piston de frappe.  According to one embodiment of the invention, each control channel is adapted to be placed in communication with the high-pressure fluid supply circuit during at least part of the return stroke of the striking piston.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif de pilotage comprend un canal d'évacuation débouchant respectivement dans le cylindre de piston et dans la première chambre de pilotage, le canal d'évacuation étant configuré pour être mis en communication avec le circuit de retour basse pression lorsque le piston de frappe est dans et/ou à proximité d'une position théorique de frappe.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the control device comprises a discharge channel opening respectively into the piston cylinder and into the first control chamber, the evacuation channel being configured to be put in communication with the circuit low pressure return when the striking piston is in and / or near a theoretical striking position.
Ainsi, le canal d'évacuation est configuré pour évacuer, à chaque cycle de fonctionnement de l'appareil à percussions, une quantité de fluide hors de la première chambre de pilotage.  Thus, the evacuation channel is configured to evacuate, at each operating cycle of the percussion apparatus, a quantity of fluid outside the first control chamber.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'appareil à percussions comprend un canal de liaison relié en permanence au circuit de retour basse pression et débouchant dans le cylindre de piston, le piston de frappe comportant une gorge périphérique configurée pour relier fluidiquement le canal de liaison et le canal d'évacuation lorsque le piston de frappe est dans et/ou à proximité d'une position théorique de frappe.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the percussion apparatus comprises a connecting channel permanently connected to the low-pressure return circuit and opening into the piston cylinder, the striking piston comprising a peripheral groove configured to fluidically connect the connecting channel and the evacuation channel when the striking piston is in and / or near a theoretical striking position.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le canal d'évacuation est pourvu d'un orifice calibré.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the evacuation channel is provided with a calibrated orifice.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le piston de frappe et le cylindre de piston délimite une première chambre de commande reliée en permanence au circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression et une deuxième chambre de commande, le distributeur de commande étant configuré pour mettre la deuxième chambre de commande en relation alternativement avec le circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression et le circuit de retour basse pression.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the striking piston and the piston cylinder defines a first control chamber permanently connected to the high-pressure fluid supply circuit and a second control chamber, the control distributor being configured. for placing the second control chamber alternately with the high pressure fluid supply circuit and the low pressure return circuit.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, chaque canal de pilotage est configuré pour être mis en communication avec la première chambre de commande pendant au moins une partie du mouvement alternatif du piston de frappe, et par exemple pendant au moins une partie de la course de retour du piston de frappe. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la deuxième chambre de pilotage est reliée en permanence au circuit de retour basse pression. According to one embodiment of the invention, each control channel is configured to be placed in communication with the first control chamber during at least part of the reciprocating movement of the striking piston, and for example during at least a portion of the return stroke of the striking piston. According to one embodiment of the invention, the second pilot chamber is permanently connected to the low pressure return circuit.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif de pilotage comprend un canal de liaison relié en permanence au circuit de retour basse pression et débouchant dans la deuxième chambre de pilotage.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the control device comprises a connecting channel permanently connected to the low pressure return circuit and opening into the second control chamber.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le tiroir de pilotage comprend un organe de retenue configuré pour retenir le tiroir de réglage dans le logement de réception.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the control spool comprises a retaining member configured to retain the adjustment spool in the receiving housing.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'organe de retenue délimite au moins en partie la première chambre de pilotage et est configuré pour limiter la course de déplacement du tiroir de réglage vers la première chambre de pilotage.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the retaining member delimits at least part of the first control chamber and is configured to limit the displacement stroke of the adjustment slide towards the first control chamber.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le tiroir de réglage comprend une portion tubulaire délimitant au moins en partie le passage d'alimentation, l'organe de retenue s'étendant autour de la portion tubulaire.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the adjustment slide comprises a tubular portion delimiting at least in part the feed passage, the retaining member extending around the tubular portion.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'organe de retenue comprend une surface de butée contre laquelle est apte à prendre appui le tiroir de réglage dans sa première position.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the retaining member comprises an abutment surface against which is able to bear the adjustment spool in its first position.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le canal de commande est relié à une chambre de commande du distributeur de commande.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the control channel is connected to a control chamber of the control valve.
De toute façon l'invention sera bien comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit en référence au dessin schématique annexé représentant, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une forme d'exécution de cet appareil à percussions.  In any case the invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows with reference to the appended schematic drawing showing, by way of non-limiting example, an embodiment of this percussion apparatus.
Figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un appareil à percussions selon l'invention.  Figure 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a percussion apparatus according to the invention.
Figures 2 et 3 sont des vues en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif de pilotage de l'appareil à percussions de la figure 1 dans deux positions de fonctionnement différentes.  Figures 2 and 3 are longitudinal sectional views of a driving device of the percussion apparatus of Figure 1 in two different operating positions.
L'appareil à percussions 2 représenté sur les figures 1 à 3 comprend un corps 3 délimitant un cylindre de piston 4, et un piston de frappe 5 étagé monté coulissant de façon alternative à l'intérieur du cylindre de piston 4. Au cours de chaque cycle de fonctionnement, le piston de frappe 5 est destiné à venir frapper contre l'extrémité supérieure d'un outil 6 monté coulissant dans un alésage 7 ménagé dans le corps 3 coaxialement au cylindre de piston 4.  The percussion apparatus 2 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 comprises a body 3 delimiting a piston cylinder 4, and a stepped striking piston 5 mounted alternately sliding inside the piston cylinder 4. During each operating cycle, the striking piston 5 is intended to strike against the upper end of a tool 6 slidably mounted in a bore 7 formed in the body 3 coaxially with the piston cylinder 4.
Le piston de frappe 5 et le cylindre de piston 4 délimitent une première chambre de commande 8 annulaire, dite chambre basse, et une deuxième chambre de commande 9, dite chambre haute, de section plus importante disposée au dessus du piston de frappe 5. The striking piston 5 and the piston cylinder 4 define a first annular control chamber 8, called a lower chamber, and a second chamber 9, said upper chamber, of larger section disposed above the striking piston 5.
L'appareil à percussions 2 comprend en outre un distributeur de commande 11 agencé pour commander un mouvement alternatif du piston de frappe 5 à l'intérieur du cylindre de piston 4 alternativement suivant une course de frappe et une course de retour. Le distributeur de commande 11 est configuré pour mettre la deuxième chambre de commande 9, alternativement en relation avec un circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression 12 lors de la course de frappe du piston de frappe 5, et avec un circuit de retour basse pression 13 lors de la course de retour du piston de frappe 5.  The percussion apparatus 2 further comprises a control valve 11 arranged to control reciprocating movement of the striking piston 5 within the piston cylinder 4 alternately in a striking stroke and a return stroke. The control distributor 11 is configured to put the second control chamber 9, alternatively in connection with a high pressure fluid supply circuit 12 during the strike stroke of the striking piston 5, and with a low pressure return circuit 13 during the return stroke of the striking piston 5.
Le distributeur de commande 11 est plus particulièrement monté mobile dans un alésage ménagé dans le corps 3 entre une première position (voir la figure 1) dans laquelle le distributeur de commande 11 est configuré pour mettre la deuxième chambre de commande 9 en relation avec le circuit de retour basse pression 13 et une deuxième position dans laquelle le distributeur de commande 11 est configuré pour mettre la deuxième chambre de commande 9 en relation avec le circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression 12.  The control distributor 11 is more particularly mounted mobile in a bore formed in the body 3 between a first position (see FIG. 1) in which the control distributor 11 is configured to put the second control chamber 9 in relation with the circuit. low pressure return valve 13 and a second position in which the control valve 11 is configured to put the second control chamber 9 in relation with the high pressure fluid supply circuit 12.
La première chambre de commande 8 est alimentée en permanence en fluide haute pression par un canal de liaison 14, de manière à ce que chaque position du distributeur de commande 11 provoque la course de frappe du piston de frappe 5, puis la course de retour du piston de frappe 5. Le canal de liaison 14 peut avantageusement être relié à un accumulateur.  The first control chamber 8 is permanently supplied with high pressure fluid by a connecting channel 14, so that each position of the control valve 11 causes the striking stroke of the striking piston 5, then the return stroke of the 5. The connecting channel 14 may advantageously be connected to an accumulator.
L'appareil à percussions 2 comprend également un dispositif de pilotage 15 agencé pour faire varier la course de frappe du piston de frappe 5 entre une courte course de frappe et une longue course de frappe et inversement, en fonction de la dureté du sol rencontré par l'outil 6.  The percussion apparatus 2 also comprises a control device 15 arranged to vary the striking stroke of the striking piston 5 between a short striking stroke and a long striking stroke and vice versa, depending on the hardness of the ground encountered by the tool 6.
Le dispositif de pilotage 15 comprend un tiroir de pilotage 16 monté dans un cylindre de pilotage 17 ménagé dans le corps 3. Le cylindre de pilotage 17 est étagé, et comprend une première partie 17a, et une deuxième partie 17b présentant une section supérieure à celle de la première partie 17a.  The control device 15 comprises a control slide 16 mounted in a control cylinder 17 formed in the body 3. The control cylinder 17 is stepped, and comprises a first portion 17a, and a second portion 17b having a section greater than that of the first part 17a.
Le dispositif de pilotage 15 comprend en outre pluralité de canaux de pilotage 18a, 18b, 18c agencés pour piloter des longueurs de course de frappe différentes. Chaque canal de pilotage 18a, 18b, 18c débouche respectivement dans le cylindre de pilotage 17 et dans le cylindre de piston 4. Les extrémités des canaux de pilotage 18a, 18b, 18c débouchant dans le cylindre de piston 4 sont décalées selon la direction d'extension du piston de frappe 5, tandis que les extrémités des canaux de pilotage 18a, 18b, 18c débouchant dans le cylindre de pilotage 17 sont décalées selon la direction d'extension du tiroir de pilotage 16. Comme montré sur la figure 1, le dispositif de pilotage 15 peut par exemple comprendre quatre canaux de pilotage et donc permettre le réglage de quatre longueurs de course de frappe différentes. Cependant, le dispositif de pilotage 15 pourrait comprendre moins de quatre ou plus de quatre canaux de pilotage. Par exemple, comme montré sur les figures 2 et 3, le dispositif de pilotage 15 pourrait par exemple comprendre trois canaux de pilotage. The control device 15 furthermore comprises a plurality of control channels 18a, 18b, 18c arranged to drive different stroke lengths. Each pilot channel 18a, 18b, 18c opens respectively into the control cylinder 17 and into the piston cylinder 4. The ends of the control channels 18a, 18b, 18c opening into the piston cylinder 4 are offset in the direction of extension of the striking piston 5, while the ends of the channels of 18a, 18b, 18c opening into the control cylinder 17 are shifted in the direction of extension of the control spool 16. As shown in Figure 1, the control device 15 may for example comprise four control channels and therefore allow the setting of four different stroke lengths. However, the control device 15 could comprise less than four or more control channels. For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the control device 15 could for example include three control channels.
Chaque canal de pilotage 18a, 18b, 18c est apte à être mis en communication avec la première chambre de commande 8, et donc avec le circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression 12, pendant au moins une partie de la course de retour du piston de frappe 5.  Each control channel 18a, 18b, 18c is able to be put in communication with the first control chamber 8, and therefore with the high-pressure fluid supply circuit 12, during at least a portion of the return stroke of the piston. 5.
Le dispositif de pilotage 15 comprend également un canal de commande 19 relié fluidiquement à une chambre de commande 21 du distributeur de commande 11. Le canal de commande 19 débouche d'une part dans le cylindre de pilotage 17 et d'autre part dans le cylindre de piston 4.  The control device 15 also comprises a control channel 19 fluidly connected to a control chamber 21 of the control distributor 11. The control channel 19 opens on the one hand into the control cylinder 17 and on the other hand into the cylinder piston 4.
Le tiroir de pilotage 16 est monté coulissant dans le cylindre de pilotage 17 entre une pluralité de positions de pilotage dans chacune desquelles le tiroir de pilotage 16 est configuré pour relier fluidiquement le canal de commande 19 avec au moins l'un des canaux de pilotage 18a, 18b, 18c.  The control spool 16 is slidably mounted in the control cylinder 17 between a plurality of pilot positions in each of which the control spool 16 is configured to fluidically connect the control channel 19 with at least one of the control channels 18a. , 18b, 18c.
Selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures, le tiroir de pilotage 16 comprend une gorge de pilotage périphérique 22. La gorge de pilotage périphérique 22 et le cylindre de pilotage 17 délimitent une chambre de liaison 23 annulaire dans laquelle débouche le canal de commande 19. La chambre de liaison 23 est plus particulièrement configurée pour relier fluidiquement le canal de commande 19 avec au moins l'un des canaux de pilotage 18a, 18b, 18c en fonction de la position de pilotage occupée par le tiroir de pilotage 16. Ainsi, le canal de commande 19 est configuré pour être mis en communication avec le circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression 12, via au moins l'un des canaux de pilotage 18a, 18b, 18c, pendant au moins une partie de la course de retour du piston de frappe.  According to the embodiment shown in the figures, the control slide 16 comprises a peripheral control groove 22. The peripheral control groove 22 and the control cylinder 17 define an annular connecting chamber 23 into which the control channel 19 opens. The connection chamber 23 is more particularly configured to fluidically connect the control channel 19 with at least one of the control channels 18a, 18b, 18c as a function of the driving position occupied by the control slide 16. Thus, the control channel 19 is configured to be placed in communication with the high-pressure fluid supply circuit 12, via at least one of the control channels 18a, 18b, 18c, during at least part of the return stroke of the striking piston.
Le canal de commande 19 est également configuré pour être mis en communication avec le circuit de retour basse pression 13 lorsque le piston de frappe 5 est dans et/ou à proximité d'une position théorique de frappe.  The control channel 19 is also configured to be placed in communication with the low pressure return circuit 13 when the striking piston 5 is in and / or near a theoretical strike position.
Selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures, l'appareil à percussions 2 comprend un canal de liaison 24 relié en permanence au circuit de retour basse pression 13 et débouchant dans le cylindre de piston 4, et le piston de frappe 5 comporte une gorge périphérique 25 configurée pour relier fluidiquement le canal de liaison 24 et le canal de commande 19 lorsque le piston de frappe 5 est dans et/ou à proximité d'une position théorique de frappe. According to the embodiment shown in the figures, the percussion apparatus 2 comprises a connecting channel 24 permanently connected to the low-pressure return circuit 13 and opening into the piston cylinder 4, and the striking piston 5 comprises a throat device 25 configured to fluidly connect the connecting channel 24 and the control channel 19 when the striking piston 5 is in and / or near a theoretical striking position.
L'appareil à percussions 2 est configuré de telle sorte que le distributeur de commande 11 est déplacé vers sa première position lorsque la chambre de commande 21 et le canal de commande 19 sont reliés au circuit de retour basse pression 13 et vers sa deuxième position lorsque la chambre de commande 21 et le canal de commande 19 sont reliés au circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression 12.  The percussion apparatus 2 is configured such that the control distributor 11 is moved to its first position when the control chamber 21 and the control channel 19 are connected to the low pressure return circuit 13 and to its second position when the control chamber 21 and the control channel 19 are connected to the high pressure fluid supply circuit 12.
Le tiroir de pilotage 16 et le cylindre de pilotage 17 délimitent une première chambre de pilotage 26 dans laquelle est située une première face 16a du tiroir de pilotage 16, et une deuxième chambre de pilotage 27 dans laquelle est située une deuxième face 16b du tiroir de pilotage 16 opposée à la première face 16a. La deuxième chambre de pilotage 27 est reliée en permanence au circuit de retour basse pression 13 par un canal de liaison 28.  The control spool 16 and the control cylinder 17 define a first control chamber 26 in which is located a first face 16a of the control spool 16, and a second control chamber 27 in which is located a second face 16b of the spool of the spool. steering 16 opposite to the first face 16a. The second pilot chamber 27 is permanently connected to the low pressure return circuit 13 via a connecting channel 28.
Le dispositif de pilotage 15 comprend de plus un canal d'évacuation 29 pourvu d'un orifice calibré 31. Le canal d'évacuation 29 débouche respectivement dans le cylindre de piston 4 et dans la première chambre de pilotage 26, et est configuré pour être mis en communication avec le circuit de retour basse pression 13 lorsque le piston de frappe 5 est dans et/ou à proximité de sa position théorique de frappe. A cet effet, l'appareil à percussions 2 comporte un canal de liaison 32 relié en permanence au circuit de retour basse pression 13 et débouchant dans le cylindre de piston 4, et le piston de frappe 5 comportant une gorge périphérique 33 configurée pour relier fluidiquement le canal de liaison 32 et le canal d'évacuation 29 lorsque le piston de frappe 5 est dans et/ou à proximité d'une position théorique de frappe, et notamment lorsque le piston de frappe 5 se trouve en appui sur l'outil 6. Selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures, l'extrémité du canal d'évacuation 29 débouchant dans le cylindre de piston 4 est configurée pour être obturée par une paroi externe du piston de frappe 5 lorsque ce dernier se trouve à distance de sa position théorique de frappe.  The control device 15 further comprises an evacuation channel 29 provided with a calibrated orifice 31. The evacuation channel 29 opens respectively into the piston cylinder 4 and into the first control chamber 26, and is configured to be placed in communication with the low pressure return circuit 13 when the striking piston 5 is in and / or near its theoretical striking position. For this purpose, the percussion apparatus 2 comprises a connecting channel 32 permanently connected to the low-pressure return circuit 13 and opening into the piston cylinder 4, and the striking piston 5 comprising a peripheral groove 33 configured to connect fluidically. the connecting channel 32 and the discharge channel 29 when the striking piston 5 is in and / or near a theoretical striking position, and in particular when the striking piston 5 is resting on the tool 6 According to the embodiment shown in the figures, the end of the evacuation channel 29 opening into the piston cylinder 4 is configured to be closed by an external wall of the striking piston 5 when the latter is at a distance from its theoretical strike position.
Le dispositif de pilotage 15 comprend également un tiroir de réglage 34 monté coulissant dans un logement de réception 35 longitudinal, et avantageusement axial, délimité par le tiroir de pilotage 16. Le tiroir de pilotage 16 et le tiroir de réglage 34 délimitent une première chambre de réglage 36 reliée fluidiquement en permanence au canal de commande 19 et dans laquelle est située une face d'extrémité 34a du tiroir de réglage 34. Le tiroir de pilotage 16 et le tiroir de réglage 34 délimitent en outre une deuxième chambre de réglage 37 reliée fluidiquement en permanence au circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression 12. Selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures, la deuxième chambre de réglage 37 est annulaire. The control device 15 also comprises an adjustment slide valve 34 slidably mounted in a longitudinal, and advantageously axial, reception housing 35 delimited by the control slide 16. The control slide 16 and the adjustment slide 34 define a first chamber setting 36 permanently connected fluidically to the control channel 19 and in which is located an end face 34a of the adjusting spool 34. The control spool 16 and the adjusting spool 34 further delimit a second control chamber 37 fluidly connected in permanence to the high-pressure fluid supply circuit 12. According to the embodiment shown in the figures, the second adjustment chamber 37 is annular.
Selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures, le tiroir de pilotage 16 comporte un orifice de liaison 38 configuré pour relier fluidiquement la chambre de liaison 23 et la première chambre de réglage 36. L'orifice de liaison 38 débouche avantageusement respectivement dans la première chambre de réglage 36 et dans le fond de la gorge de pilotage périphérique 22.  According to the embodiment shown in the figures, the control spool 16 comprises a connecting orifice 38 configured to fluidly connect the connection chamber 23 and the first adjustment chamber 36. The connection orifice 38 opens advantageously respectively in the first adjusting chamber 36 and in the bottom of the peripheral control groove 22.
Selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures, la deuxième partie 17b du cylindre de pilotage 17 et le tiroir de pilotage 16 délimite une chambre externe 39 annulaire reliée en permanence au circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression 12 par un canal de liaison 41, et le tiroir de pilotage 16 comprend un passage de liaison 42 configuré pour relier fluidiquement la chambre externe 39 annulaire et la deuxième chambre de réglage 37. Le passage de liaison 42 comprend par exemple une première extrémité débouchant dans la deuxième chambre de réglage 37 et une deuxième extrémité débouchant dans la chambre externe 39 annulaire.  According to the embodiment shown in the figures, the second portion 17b of the control cylinder 17 and the control spool 16 defines an annular outer chamber 39 permanently connected to the high pressure fluid supply circuit 12 by a connecting channel 41 and the control spool 16 comprises a connecting passage 42 configured to fluidically connect the annular outer chamber 39 and the second control chamber 37. The connecting passage 42 comprises, for example, a first end opening into the second control chamber 37 and a second end opening into the annular outer chamber 39.
La chambre externe 39 étant délimitée par la deuxième partie 17b de grande section du cylindre de pilotage 17, la force exercée par le fluide haute pression sur le tiroir de pilotage 16 tend à déplacer celui-ci dans un sens de diminution de volume de la première chambre de réglage 26.  The outer chamber 39 being delimited by the second portion 17b of large section of the control cylinder 17, the force exerted by the high pressure fluid on the control slide 16 tends to move it in a direction of volume decrease of the first adjusting chamber 26.
Le tiroir de réglage 34 comprend en outre un passage d'alimentation 43 relié fluidiquement à la première chambre de pilotage 26. Selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures, le passage d'alimentation 43 comporte une première extrémité débouchant axialement dans la face d'extrémité 34b du tiroir de réglage 34 tournée vers la première chambre de pilotage 26, et une deuxième extrémité débouchant radialement dans une paroi latérale du tiroir de réglage 34.  The adjusting slide 34 further comprises a feed passage 43 fluidly connected to the first control chamber 26. According to the embodiment shown in the figures, the feed passage 43 has a first end opening axially in the face of the end 34b of the adjusting spool 34 facing the first control chamber 26, and a second end opening radially in a side wall of the adjusting spool 34.
Selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures, le tiroir de réglage 34 comprend une portion tubulaire 44 délimitant en partie le passage d'alimentation 43, et le tiroir de pilotage 16 comprend une bague de retenue 45 s'étendant autour de la portion tubulaire 44 et configurée pour retenir le tiroir de réglage 34 dans le logement de réception 35. La bague de retenue 45 est configurée pour limiter la course de déplacement du tiroir de réglage 34 vers la première chambre de pilotage 26, et comprend par exemple une surface de butée 45a contre laquelle est apte à prendre appui le tiroir de réglage 34 dans sa première position.  According to the embodiment shown in the figures, the adjustment slide 34 comprises a tubular portion 44 partially delimiting the feed passage 43, and the control spool 16 comprises a retaining ring 45 extending around the tubular portion 44 and configured to retain the adjusting spool 34 in the receiving housing 35. The retaining ring 45 is configured to limit the travel of the adjusting spool 34 to the first control chamber 26, and includes, for example, a stop 45a against which is able to bear the adjustment slide 34 in its first position.
Le tiroir de réglage 34 est monté coulissant dans le logement de réception 35 entre une première position dans laquelle le passage d'alimentation 43 est relié fluidiquement à la deuxième chambre de réglage 37 (voir la figure 3), et une deuxième position dans laquelle le passage d'alimentation 43 est isolé fluidiquement de la deuxième chambre de réglage 37 (voir la figure 2). Dans la deuxième position tiroir de réglage 34, la deuxième extrémité du passage d'alimentation 43 est obturée par une paroi interne du tiroir de pilotage 16 délimitant partiellement le logement de réception 35. The adjustment slide 34 is slidably mounted in the receiving housing 35 between a first position in which the feed passage 43 is fluidly connected to the second control chamber 37 (see Fig. 3), and a second position in which the supply passage 43 is fluidly isolated from the second control chamber 37 (see Fig. 2). In the second adjustment slide position 34, the second end of the feed passage 43 is closed by an inner wall of the control slide 16 partially delimiting the receiving housing 35.
Le tiroir de réglage 34 est plus particulièrement configuré pour être déplacé vers sa première position lorsque le canal de commande 19 est relié fluidiquement au circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression 12 via au moins l'un des canaux de pilotage 18a, 18b, 18c, et pour être déplacé vers sa deuxième position lorsque le canal de commande 19 est relié fluidiquement au circuit de retour basse pression 13 via la gorge périphérique 25 et le canal de liaison 24.  The adjustment slide 34 is more particularly configured to be moved to its first position when the control channel 19 is fluidly connected to the high pressure fluid supply circuit 12 via at least one of the control channels 18a, 18b, 18c , and to be moved to its second position when the control channel 19 is fluidly connected to the low-pressure return circuit 13 via the peripheral groove 25 and the connecting channel 24.
Le tiroir de pilotage 16 possède une position sensiblement stable lorsque la quantité de fluide extraite, par cycle, de la première chambre de réglage 26 à travers le canal d'évacuation 29, est égale à la quantité de fluide injecté, par cycle, dans la première chambre de réglage 26 par le passage d'alimentation 43.  The control spool 16 has a substantially stable position when the amount of fluid extracted per cycle from the first control chamber 26 through the exhaust channel 29 is equal to the amount of fluid injected per cycle into the first adjustment chamber 26 through the feed passage 43.
Si le terrain rencontré par l'outil 6 devient plus tendre, le durée de séjour du piston de frappe 5 dans et/ou à proximité de sa position théorique de frappe augmente, de même que la durée de mise en communication de la première chambre de réglage 26 avec le circuit de retour basse pression 13 via le canal d'évacuation 29 et la gorge périphérique 33. De ce fait, la quantité de fluide extraite de la première chambre de réglage 26 devient plus importante que la quantité de fluide injectée par dans la première chambre de réglage 26 par le passage d'alimentation 43. Il en résulte un déplacement du tiroir de pilotage 16 dans un sens de réduction du volume de la première chambre de réglage 26 sous l'action de la pression d'alimentation dans la chambre externe 39, qui se traduit par une action sur le distributeur de commande 11 qui diminue la course de frappe du piston de frappe 5.  If the ground encountered by the tool 6 becomes softer, the residence time of the striking piston 5 in and / or near its theoretical strike position increases, as well as the duration of communication of the first chamber of adjustment 26 with the low-pressure return circuit 13 via the evacuation channel 29 and the peripheral groove 33. As a result, the quantity of fluid extracted from the first adjustment chamber 26 becomes larger than the quantity of fluid injected by the first adjustment chamber 26 through the feed passage 43. This results in a displacement of the control spool 16 in a direction of reducing the volume of the first adjustment chamber 26 under the action of the supply pressure in the outer chamber 39, which results in an action on the control valve 11 which decreases the strike stroke of the striking piston 5.
Au contraire, si le terrain devient plus dur, la quantité de fluide extraite de la première chambre de réglage 26, compte tenu de la faible durée de séjour du piston de frappe 5 au contact de l'outil 6, devient inférieure à la quantité de fluide admise dans la première chambre de réglage 26 par le passage d'alimentation 43. Le tiroir de pilotage 16 se déplace alors dans un sens d'augmentation du volume de la première chambre de réglage 26, ce qui se traduit par une action sur le distributeur de commande 11 pour que celui-ci augmente la course de frappe du piston de frappe 5.  On the contrary, if the ground becomes harder, the amount of fluid extracted from the first adjustment chamber 26, given the short residence time of the striking piston 5 in contact with the tool 6, becomes less than the amount of fluid admitted into the first adjustment chamber 26 by the feed passage 43. The control spool 16 then moves in a direction of increasing the volume of the first adjustment chamber 26, which results in an action on the control distributor 11 so that it increases the striking stroke of the striking piston 5.
II est à noter que l'équilibre du tiroir de pilotage 16 est obtenu sans ressort sous l'action d'une part de la pression de fluide à l'intérieur de la première chambre de réglage 26 et d'autre part de la pression d'alimentation à l'intérieur de la chambre externe 39. It should be noted that the equilibrium of the control spool 16 is obtained without a spring under the action of the fluid pressure inside the first adjusting chamber 26 and secondly the supply pressure inside the outer chamber 39.
Comme il va de soi, l'invention ne se limite pas à la seule forme d'exécution de cet appareil à percussions, décrite ci-dessus à titre d'exemple, elle en embrasse au contraire toutes les variantes de réalisation.  As goes without saying, the invention is not limited to the sole embodiment of this percussion apparatus, described above as an example, it encompasses all the variants.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Appareil à percussions (2), comportant : A percussion apparatus (2), comprising:
- un corps (3) délimitant un cylindre de piston (4),  a body (3) delimiting a piston cylinder (4),
- un piston de frappe (5) monté déplaçable de façon alternative à l'intérieur du cylindre de piston (4), et agencé pour venir percuter un outil (6) au cours de chaque cycle de fonctionnement de l'appareil à percussions,  - a striking piston (5) mounted alternately movable inside the piston cylinder (4), and arranged to strike a tool (6) during each cycle of operation of the percussion apparatus,
- un distributeur de commande (11) agencé pour commander un mouvement alternatif du piston de frappe (5) à l'intérieur du cylindre de piston (4) alternativement suivant une course de frappe et une course de retour,  - a control distributor (11) arranged to control an alternating movement of the striking piston (5) inside the piston cylinder (4) alternately according to a striking stroke and a return stroke,
- un dispositif de pilotage (15) agencé pour faire varier la course de frappe du piston de frappe (5) en fonction de la dureté du terrain rencontré par l'outil (6), le dispositif de pilotage (15) comprenant :  a control device (15) arranged to vary the strike stroke of the striking piston (5) as a function of the hardness of the terrain encountered by the tool (6), the control device (15) comprising:
- un cylindre de pilotage (17),  a driving cylinder (17),
- une pluralité de canaux de pilotage (18a-18c) débouchant chacun dans le cylindre de pilotage (17), chaque canal de pilotage (18a-18c) débouchant également dans le cylindre de piston (4) et étant apte à être mis en communication avec un circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression (12) pendant au moins une partie du mouvement alternatif du piston de frappe (5),  a plurality of control channels (18a-18c) each opening into the control cylinder (17), each control channel (18a-18c) also opening into the piston cylinder (4) and being able to be put into communication with a high pressure fluid supply circuit (12) during at least a portion of the reciprocating movement of the striking piston (5),
- un canal de commande (19) relié au distributeur de commande a control channel (19) connected to the control distributor
(11) et débouchant dans le cylindre de pilotage (17), (11) and opening into the control cylinder (17),
- un tiroir de pilotage (16) monté mobile dans le cylindre de pilotage (17) entre une pluralité de positions de pilotage dans chacune desquelles le tiroir de pilotage (16) est configuré pour relier fluidiquement le canal de commande (19) avec au moins l'un des canaux de pilotage (18a-18c),  a drive spool (16) movably mounted in the control cylinder (17) between a plurality of pilot positions in each of which the control spool (16) is configured to fluidically connect the control channel (19) with at least one of the control channels (18a-18c),
- une première chambre de pilotage (26) délimitée par le tiroir de pilotage (16) et le cylindre de pilotage (17), une première face (16a) du tiroir de pilotage (16) étant située dans la première chambre de pilotage (26), et  a first control chamber defined by the control slide (16) and the control cylinder (17), a first face (16a) of the control slide (16) being located in the first control chamber (26); ), and
- une deuxième chambre de pilotage (27) délimitée par le tiroir de pilotage (16) et le cylindre de pilotage (17), une deuxième face (16b) du tiroir de pilotage (16), opposée à la première face (16a), étant située dans la deuxième chambre de pilotage (27),  a second pilot chamber (27) delimited by the control slide (16) and the control cylinder (17), a second face (16b) of the control slide (16), opposite to the first face (16a), being located in the second steering chamber (27),
caractérisé en ce que le tiroir de pilotage (16) délimite un logement de réception (35), en ce que le dispositif de pilotage (15) comprend en outre un tiroir de réglage (34) monté dans le logement de réception (35), le tiroir de pilotage (16) et le tiroir de réglage (34) délimitant une première chambre de réglage (36) reliée fluidiquement en permanence au canal de commande (19) et une deuxième chambre de réglage (37) reliée fluidiquement en permanence au circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression (12), et en ce que le tiroir de réglage (34) est monté mobile dans le logement de réception (35) entre une première position dans laquelle le tiroir de réglage (34) est configuré pour relier fluidiquement la première chambre de pilotage (26) et la deuxième chambre de réglage (37) et une deuxième position dans laquelle le tiroir de réglage (34) est configuré pour isoler fluidiquement la première chambre de pilotage (26) et la deuxième chambre de réglage (37), le dispositif de pilotage (15) étant configuré de telle sorte que le tiroir de réglage (34) est déplacé vers sa première position lorsque le canal de commande (19) est relié fluidiquement au circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression (12) via au moins l'un des canaux de pilotage (18a-18c). characterized in that the control spool (16) defines a receiving housing (35), in that the control device (15) further comprises an adjustment slide (34) mounted in the receiving housing (35), the control spool (16) and the adjusting spool (34) delimiting a first adjoining control chamber (36) continuously fluidly to the control channel (19) and a second control chamber (37) permanently fluidly connected to the high pressure fluid supply circuit (12), and in that the adjustment slide (34) is movably mounted in the receiving housing (35) between a first position in which the adjusting slide (34) is configured to fluidically connect the first control chamber (26) and the second control chamber (37) and a second position in which the adjusting slide (34) is configured to fluidly isolate the first control chamber (26) and the second control chamber (37), the control device (15) being configured such that the adjustment slide (34) is moved to its first position when the control channel (19) is fluidly connected to the high pressure fluid supply circuit (12) via at least one of the control channels (18a-18c).
2. Appareil à percussions selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le tiroir de réglage (34) comprend un passage d'alimentation (43) relié fluidiquement à la première chambre de pilotage (26), le tiroir de réglage (34) étant configuré de telle sorte que le passage d'alimentation (43) est relié fluidiquement à la deuxième chambre de réglage (37) lorsque le tiroir de réglage (34) est dans sa première position, et de telle sorte que le passage d'alimentation (43) est isolé fluidiquement de la deuxième chambre de réglage (37) lorsque le tiroir de réglage (34) est dans sa deuxième position. A percussion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment slide (34) comprises a supply passage (43) fluidly connected to the first control chamber (26), the adjustment slide (34) being configured from such that the supply passage (43) is fluidly connected to the second adjusting chamber (37) when the adjusting slide (34) is in its first position, and so that the supply passage (43) is fluidly isolated from the second adjustment chamber (37) when the adjustment slide (34) is in its second position.
3. Appareil à percussions selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le cylindre de pilotage (17) et le tiroir de pilotage (16) délimite une chambre externe (39) annulaire reliée en permanence au circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression (12), le tiroir de pilotage (16) comprenant un passage de liaison (42) configuré pour relier fluidiquement la chambre externe (39) annulaire et la deuxième chambre de réglage (37). Percussion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control cylinder (17) and the control spool (16) define an annular outer chamber (39) permanently connected to the high-pressure fluid supply circuit ( 12), the control spool (16) comprising a connecting passage (42) configured to fluidly connect the annular outer chamber (39) and the second adjusting chamber (37).
4. Appareil à percussions selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à4. Percussion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to
3, dans lequel le canal de commande (19) débouche également dans le cylindre de piston (4), et est configuré pour être mis en communication avec un circuit de retour basse pression (13) pendant au moins une partie du mouvement alternatif du piston de frappe (5). 3, wherein the control channel (19) also opens into the piston cylinder (4), and is configured to be communicated with a low pressure return circuit (13) during at least a portion of the reciprocating movement of the piston striking (5).
5. Appareil à percussions selon la revendication 4, dans lequel le dispositif de pilotage (15) comprend un canal d'évacuation (29) débouchant respectivement dans le cylindre de piston (4) et dans la première chambre de pilotage (26), le canal d'évacuation (29) étant configuré pour être mis en communication avec le circuit de retour basse pression (13) lorsque le piston de frappe (5) est dans et/ou à proximité d'une position théorique de frappe. A percussion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the control device (15) comprises a discharge channel (29) opening respectively into the piston cylinder (4) and into the first control chamber (26), the discharge channel (29) being configured to be communicated to the low pressure return circuit (13) when the striking piston (5) is in and / or near a theoretical strike position.
6. Appareil à percussions selon la revendication 5, lequel comprend un canal de liaison (32) relié en permanence au circuit de retour basse pression (13) et débouchant dans le cylindre de piston (4), le piston de frappe (5) comportant une gorge périphérique (33) configurée pour relier fluidiquement le canal de liaison (32) et le canal d'évacuation (29) lorsque le piston de frappe (5) est dans et/ou à proximité d'une position théorique de frappe. A percussion apparatus according to claim 5, which comprises a connecting channel (32) permanently connected to the low pressure return circuit (13) and opening into the piston cylinder (4), the striking piston (5) comprising a peripheral groove (33) configured to fluidically connect the connecting channel (32) and the discharge channel (29) when the striking piston (5) is in and / or near a theoretical strike position.
7. Appareil à percussions selon la revendication 5 ou 6, dans lequel le canal d'évacuation (29) est pourvu d'un orifice calibré (31). Percussion apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the discharge channel (29) is provided with a calibrated orifice (31).
8. Appareil à percussions selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 àPercussion apparatus according to one of claims 4 to
7, dans lequel le piston de frappe (5) et le cylindre de piston (4) délimite une première chambre de commande (8) reliée en permanence au circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression (12) et une deuxième chambre de commande (9), le distributeur de commande (11) étant configuré pour mettre la deuxième chambre de commande (9) en relation alternativement avec le circuit d'alimentation en fluide haute pression (12) et le circuit de retour basse pression (13). 7, wherein the striking piston (5) and the piston cylinder (4) define a first control chamber (8) permanently connected to the high-pressure fluid supply circuit (12) and a second control chamber ( 9), the control valve (11) being configured to put the second control chamber (9) in alternating relationship with the high pressure fluid supply circuit (12) and the low pressure return circuit (13).
9. Appareil à percussions selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à9. Percussion apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to
8, dans lequel la deuxième chambre de pilotage (27) est reliée en permanence au circuit de retour basse pression (13). 8, wherein the second pilot chamber (27) is permanently connected to the low pressure return circuit (13).
10. Appareil à percussions selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 àPercussion apparatus according to one of claims 1 to
9, dans lequel le tiroir de pilotage (16) comprend une gorge de pilotage périphérique (22), la gorge de pilotage périphérique (22) et le cylindre de pilotage (17) délimitant une chambre de liaison annulaire (23) dans laquelle débouche le canal de commande (19), la chambre de liaison annulaire (23) étant configurée pour relier fluidiquement le canal de commande (19) avec au moins l'un des canaux de pilotage (18a-18c ) en fonction de la position de pilotage occupée par le tiroir de pilotage (16). 9, in which the control spool (16) comprises a peripheral control groove (22), the peripheral control groove (22) and the control cylinder (17) delimiting an annular connection chamber (23) into which the control channel (19), the annular connection chamber (23) being configured to fluidically connect the control channel (19) with at least one of the control channels (18a-18c) depending on the occupied driving position by the control spool (16).
11. Appareil à percussions selon la revendication 10, dans lequel le tiroir de pilotage (16) comprend un orifice de liaison (38) configuré pour relier fluidiquement la chambre de liaison annulaire (23) et la première chambre de réglage (36). A percussion apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the control spool (16) comprises a connecting port (38) configured to fluidly connect the annular connection chamber (23) and the first control chamber (36).
EP15804871.0A 2014-10-28 2015-10-16 Percussion apparatus Active EP3212362B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1460342A FR3027543B1 (en) 2014-10-28 2014-10-28 PERCUSSION APPARATUS
PCT/FR2015/052785 WO2016066922A1 (en) 2014-10-28 2015-10-16 Percussion apparatus

Publications (2)

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EP3212362A1 true EP3212362A1 (en) 2017-09-06
EP3212362B1 EP3212362B1 (en) 2018-07-04

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EP15804871.0A Active EP3212362B1 (en) 2014-10-28 2015-10-16 Percussion apparatus

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US (1) US10569404B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3212362B1 (en)
KR (1) KR102375665B1 (en)
CN (1) CN107073694B (en)
ES (1) ES2689761T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3027543B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016066922A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10562165B2 (en) * 2016-04-10 2020-02-18 Caterpillar Inc. Hydraulic hammer
WO2018043175A1 (en) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-08 古河ロックドリル株式会社 Hydraulic striking device
FR3077752B1 (en) * 2018-02-14 2020-01-31 Montabert ROTO-PERCUTANT HYDRAULIC PERFORATOR PROVIDED WITH A CONTROL CHAMBER PERMANENTLY CONNECTED TO A LOW PRESSURE ACCUMULATOR
FR3077753B1 (en) * 2018-02-14 2020-01-31 Montabert METHOD FOR ADJUSTING THE STRIKING STROKE OF A STRIKING PISTON OF A PERCUSSION APPARATUS, AND A PERCUSSION APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD
FR3134738A1 (en) * 2022-04-20 2023-10-27 Montabert Percussion device equipped with a pressure regulating device

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SE420057B (en) * 1980-02-20 1981-09-14 Atlas Copco Ab HYDRAULIC SHIPPING WITH POSSIBILITY TO REGULATE SHOCK ENERGY
FR2595972B2 (en) * 1985-07-16 1989-10-20 Montabert Ets PERCUSSION APPARATUS
FR2602448B1 (en) * 1986-08-07 1988-10-21 Montabert Ets METHOD FOR REGULATING THE PERCUSSION PARAMETERS OF THE STRIKE PISTON OF AN APPARATUS MOVED BY AN INCOMPRESSIBLE PRESSURE FLUID, AND APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD
FR2676953B1 (en) * 1991-05-30 1993-08-20 Montabert Ets HYDRAULIC PERCUSSION APPARATUS.
FR2727891B1 (en) * 1994-12-08 1997-01-24 Montabert Ets METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE STRIKING STROKE OF A PERCUSSION APPARATUS MOUSED BY AN INCOMPRESSIBLE PRESSURE FLUID
SE513325C2 (en) * 1998-04-21 2000-08-28 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab percussion
FI114290B (en) * 2003-02-21 2004-09-30 Sandvik Tamrock Oy Control valve and arrangement on impactor
SE528743C2 (en) * 2005-06-22 2007-02-06 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Percussion for rock drill, procedure for effecting a reciprocating piston movement and rock drill
SE530524C2 (en) * 2006-09-13 2008-07-01 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Percussion, rock drilling machine including such percussion and method for controlling percussion
US8739986B2 (en) * 2011-12-08 2014-06-03 Effizient, LLC Retail cart
FR2983760B1 (en) * 2011-12-09 2014-08-15 Montabert Roger METHOD FOR SWITCHING THE STROKE STROKE OF A STRIPPER PISTON OF A PERCUSSION APPARATUS

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US20170312901A1 (en) 2017-11-02
CN107073694A (en) 2017-08-18
WO2016066922A1 (en) 2016-05-06
KR20170075722A (en) 2017-07-03
KR102375665B1 (en) 2022-03-16
FR3027543A1 (en) 2016-04-29
US10569404B2 (en) 2020-02-25
CN107073694B (en) 2020-07-10
EP3212362B1 (en) 2018-07-04
ES2689761T3 (en) 2018-11-15
FR3027543B1 (en) 2016-12-23

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