EP3211650B1 - Load disconnector - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a load-break switch, in particular a load-break switch with a strip-shaped housing, in which current fuses are arranged for different current phases.
Switch disconnectors are used to disconnect a load or a load from a power or voltage distribution system. A power distribution system may include one or more power rails, in particular bus bars. The loads or loads are connected to the power distribution system via the switch-disconnector. The switch-disconnector can contain usable current fuses. To disconnect the current phases from the loads, a user may manually manipulate an actuation handle to open switch contacts within the load break switch. The operating handle has guide bracket, which extend into the interior of the circuit breaker and are mechanically coupled to the switch contacts. In conventional switch-disconnectors, the operating unit for operating the switch-disconnector is not completely tool-safe. For example, it is possible to introduce a tool, such as a screwdriver, via slot-like openings provided in the housing of the load-break switch for the operating handle, thereby reducing the safety of a user and a powered installation.

The document WO2009 / 033875 relates to a switch-disconnector according to the preamble of claim 1. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a switch-disconnector, which can be operated and operated particularly safe.
This object is achieved by a load-break switch with the features specified in claim 1.

The invention thus provides a switch-disconnector in which a switching contact arrangement is provided for each current phase, which is connected to an associated access rail, which is provided on a rear side of a housing of the circuit breaker for making electrical contact with a current-carrying rail, wherein the switch contact arrangement by means of a attached to a front side of the housing tool-safe control unit of the circuit breaker is switchable.
In one possible embodiment of the load-break switch according to the invention, an associated current fuse can be inserted into the housing of the load-break switch for each phase of the current.
In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the housing of the circuit breaker on a strip design.
In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, several fuses for different current phases, in particular for three current phases, are arranged side by side in the strip-shaped housing of the circuit breaker.

In the invention, the tool-safe operating unit on an operating handle with two guide brackets, which are connected to a snap-action switch for operator-independent switching of the at least one switching contact arrangement of the circuit breaker.

In the invention, the guide bracket of the operating handle of the tool-safe operating unit are guided in associated side parts of the strip-shaped housing of the circuit breaker along a plurality of protective ribs.

In one possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the protective ribs of the side parts are arranged in such a nested manner that no tool, in particular no screwdriver, can be introduced into the interior of the housing of the circuit breaker.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the guide bracket of the operating handle of the tool-safe operating unit each have at least one S-shaped bulge, which encloses an associated protective rib of the corresponding side part without contact.

In a further possible embodiment of the switch-disconnector according to the invention, the switch contact arrangements each have at least one switch contact fixedly arranged in the housing of the switch-disconnector and at least one loose contact attached to a contact switch.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the Loskontaktträger a shift carriage, which is translationally movable by the snap-action mechanism of the load-break switch upon actuation of the operating handle of the tool-safe operating unit in the longitudinal direction of the strip-shaped housing of the circuit breaker.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the strip-shaped housing of the load-break switch in the vertical direction on substantially horizontally extending current-carrying rails, in particular busbars, mountable.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the operating handle of the tool-safe operating unit of the load-break switch is to turn off the switch contact assemblies in the longitudinal direction of the strip-shaped housing of the load-disconnector mounted vertically on the current-carrying rails down and for switching the switch contact assemblies in the longitudinal direction of the strip-shaped housing of the switch-disconnector mounted vertically on the current-carrying rails upwards.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention is in an off switching state of the circuit breaker, in which the operating handle of the tool-safe control unit is in a lower switching position, a mounted on an upper end side of the housing of the circuit breaker locking latch from the housing of the circuit breaker withdrawn, wherein in the withdrawn position, the snap-action mechanism of the load-break switch is mechanically blocked.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the locking bar is visibly closed in the pulled-out position by means of at least one U-lock.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, at least one flag indicator is provided which indicates the actual switching state of the load-break switch, in particular the switching contact arrangements contained therein, regardless of the position of the operating handle of the tool-safe operating unit.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, a fuse cover with viewing windows is provided on the front side of the circuit breaker, which covers current fuses of the circuit breaker contained in the housing.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the operating handle of the tool-safe operating unit is connected to the fuse cover in the switched-off state of the circuit breaker and can be pulled out of the snap-action switch of the circuit breaker to open the fuse cover.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the fuse cover is lockable both in the switched-on switching state of the load-break switch and in the switched-off state of the load-break switch.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the viewing windows of the fuse cover test holes for voltage testing.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention each mounting tunnel within the housing of the circuit breaker are provided below the usable in the housing current fuses, each having a removable protective cover.

In a further possible embodiment of the switch-disconnector according to the invention, the mounting tunnels of the housing of the switch-disconnector run through elongated openings of the switch carriage which is translationally movable within the housing.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the current fuses are arranged within the strip-shaped housing of the circuit breaker in a row.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention, the rows arranged current fuses are for vertical mounting of the circuit breaker on the substantially horizontally extending current-carrying rails one above the other.

In a further possible embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention transported after vertical mounting of the switch disconnector on the substantially horizontally extending current-carrying rails vertically within the housing of the circuit breaker extending ventilation duct waste heat and / or switching gases upwards and gives them to an upper end side of the housing of the circuit breaker outside.

The invention further provides, according to a further aspect, a power distribution system having the features specified in claim 23.

The invention accordingly provides a power distribution system in which both fuse switch disconnectors and switch disconnectors according to the first aspect of the invention in the vertical direction on substantially horizontally extending current-carrying rails, in particular busbars, are mountable.

This allows a particularly flexible arrangement of switch disconnectors as well as fuse switch disconnectors on common horizontally arranged current-carrying rails, in particular busbars. As a result, considerable space can be saved during assembly, for example, within a control cabinet. Since all switchgear can be mounted vertically on parallel current-carrying rails, thereby also vertical branches are unnecessary from the current-carrying rails.

In the following, possible embodiments of the load-break switch according to the invention and of the power distribution system according to the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the attached figures.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf eine mögliche Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalters;

Fig. 2

eine Frontalansicht auf den in Fig. 1 dargestellten Lasttrennschalter mit geöffnetem Gehäuse;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Detailansicht auf das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel eines Lasttrennschalters;

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf einen in dem Lasttrennschalter gemäß Fig. 1 verwendeten Schaltschlitten als Loskontaktträger für in dem Lasttrennschalter enthaltene Schaltkontaktanordnungen;

Fig. 5

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Loskontaktpaketes, welches für eine in dem erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalter enthaltene Schaltkontaktanordnung verwendet werden kann;

Fig. 6

ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Schaltkontaktanordnung, welche das in Fig. 5 dargestellte Loskontaktpaket verwendet;

Fig. 7

eine perspektivische Detailansicht auf eine bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalter verwendete werkzeugsichere Bedieneinheit;

Fig. 8

eine Ansicht auf eine Frontseite des in Fig. 1 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalters;

Fig. 9

eine Ansicht auf den in Fig. 1 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalter ohne die in Fig. 8 dargestellte Frontabdeckung;

Fig. 10

eine Schnittansicht durch das Gehäuse des erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalters zur Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels der von dem erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalter verwendbaren werkzeugsicheren Bedieneinheit;

Fig. 11

eine perspektivische Ansicht zur Erläuterung eines durch den erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalter realisierten technischen Vorteils;

Fig. 12

eine Schnittansicht zur Darstellung einer durch die werkzeugsichere Bedieneinheit des erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalters geschaffenen Bediensicherheit;

Fig. 13

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf den erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalter mit geöffnetem Sicherungsdeckel;

Fig. 14

eine partielle Schnittansicht durch ein Gehäuse des erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalters zur Erläuterung einer möglichen Montageweise auf eine stromführende Schiene;

Fig. 15

ein Diagramm zur Erläuterung eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Stromverteilsystems gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der Erfindung.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a possible embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a frontal view of the in Fig. 1 shown load-break switch with open housing;

Fig. 3

a detailed perspective view of the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of a circuit breaker;

Fig. 4

a perspective view of a in the switch-disconnector according to Fig. 1 used switching carriages as Loskontaktträger for contained in the switch disconnector switch contact arrangements;

Fig. 5

an embodiment of a Loskontaktpaketes, which can be used for a switch contact arrangement contained in the switch-disconnector according to the invention;

Fig. 6

an embodiment of a switching contact arrangement, which the in Fig. 5 illustrated Loskontaktpaket used;

Fig. 7

a detailed perspective view of a tool-safe operating unit used in the switch-disconnector according to the invention;

Fig. 8

a view on a front of the in Fig. 1 illustrated load-break switch according to the invention;

Fig. 9

a view on the in Fig. 1 shown load disconnector according to the invention without the in Fig. 8 illustrated front cover;

Fig. 10

a sectional view through the housing of the circuit breaker according to the invention to illustrate an embodiment of the invention usable by the switch-disconnector switch tool-safe control unit;

Fig. 11

a perspective view for explaining a realized by the switch-disconnector according to the invention technical advantage;

Fig. 12

a sectional view showing a created by the tool-safe operating unit of the circuit breaker operating safety according to the invention;

Fig. 13

a perspective view of the switch-disconnector according to the invention with open fuse cover;

Fig. 14

a partial sectional view through a housing of the circuit breaker according to the invention for explaining a possible method of mounting on a current-carrying rail;

Fig. 15

a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a Stromverteilsystems invention according to a further aspect of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows a perspective, partially sectional view showing an exemplary embodiment of the circuit breaker 1 according to the invention according to a first aspect of the present invention. The switch-disconnector 1 has for different current phases L switching contact arrangements 2, which are associated with associated access rails 16 of the Load-disconnector are connected. The access rails 16 are provided on a rear side of a housing 5 of the circuit breaker 1 for making electrical contact with a corresponding current-carrying rail SS. The housing 5 consists for example of fire-resistant plastic. The provided within the housing 5 switching contact assemblies 2 of the circuit breaker 1 can be switched by means of a mounted on a front side of the housing 5 tool-safe operating unit 19 of the circuit breaker 1. In Fig. 6 an exemplary embodiment of a switch contact arrangement 2 contained in the switch-disconnector 1 is shown. The switching contact arrangement 2 has in the illustrated embodiment, a Loskontakteinheit 3 and a Loskontaktpaket 3. An embodiment of such a Loskontaktpaket 3 is in Fig. 5 shown. The Loskontakteinheit 3 is mounted in the illustrated embodiment of a Loskontaktträger 4 or shift carriage 4, as in Fig. 6 shown. At the in Fig. 6 shown Loskontaktträger 4 may be a switching slide of the circuit breaker 1 according to the invention, the perspective in Fig. 4 is shown. The shift carriage 4 of the load-break switch 1 is, as in Fig. 1 represented, arranged translationally movable within the housing 5 of the load-break switch 1.

The front of the switch-disconnector 1, ie the in Fig. 1 The upper side of the housing 5, represents the operating level of the switching device or the circuit breaker 1. The operating unit 19 is in the switch-disconnector 1 according to the invention tool-safe (IP30) configured. The tool-safe operating unit 19 has an actuating handle 15, which has two guide brackets 15A, 15B, which are connected to a snap-action switching mechanism 17 for operator-independent switching of the at least one switching contact arrangement 2 present within the housing 5. The guide bracket 15A, 15B of the operating handle 15 which are guided on the one hand in the tool-safe operating unit 19, on the other hand preferably mechanically guided in associated side parts of the strip-shaped housing 5 of the circuit breaker 1 along several protective ribs.

Fig. 10 shows a detailed view of a section through an existing on the housing 5 side part, which has protective ribs 23. As in Fig. 10 shown, the control unit 19 is located within the outer housing 5 of the circuit breaker 1. Both the control unit 19 and the in Fig. 10 shown lateral side of the outer housing 5 has protective ribs 23, 24. The protective ribs 23, 24 are preferably arranged in such a nested arrangement that no tool W in the interior of the housing 5 of the circuit breaker 1 is inserted. Fig. 10 shows a running within the housing 5 guide bracket 15 B of the operating handle 15 in a sectional view. The guide brackets 15A, 15B of the operating handle 15 are each adapted to the geometry of the nested protective ribs. In a preferred embodiment, the guide bracket, for example, the guide bracket 15 B as in Fig. 10 is shown, at least one S-shaped protrusion 22 B, which surrounds an associated guard rib 23 of the side part of the housing 5 without contact, as in Fig. 10 shown. Alternatively, the guide bracket 15B or the guide bracket 15A of the actuating handle 15 can also enclose a protective rib of the operating part 19 in an S-shaped or meander-shaped contactless manner. Fig. 10 shows a plurality of substantially horizontally extending protective ribs 24 of the operating unit 19. Furthermore, a plurality of substantially horizontally extending protective ribs 23 of the side part of the housing 5 are shown. The contours of the operating unit 19 and the outer housing 5 preferably engage with each other, resulting in an opening gap, which preferably has a width of, for example, a maximum of 2 mm. The constructive shape, as in Fig. 10 is shown, serves to maintain an IP30 operating protection in the implementation area of the operating handle 15th

Fig. 11 shows in perspective from above the attachment of a tool W, namely a screwdriver W, to an opening slot of the operating unit or operating cap 19 of the circuit breaker 1 according to the invention. The operating handle 15 is in the lower, switched-off state of the circuit breaker first

Fig. 12 shows the corresponding sectional view through the side part of the housing 5 of the circuit breaker 1. As can be seen, the insertion of the tool or screwdriver W due to the interleaved arrangement of the protective ribs 23, 24 is prevented. These protective ribs 23, 24 are preferably arranged in such a nested manner that even a small screwdriver W, which can be inserted slightly obliquely into the corresponding gap, strikes the next protective rib 23, 24 there. The number of protective ribs 23, 24 provided in the operating cap 19 or in the side part of the outer casing 5 may vary. Furthermore, the interleaving geometry of the opposing protective ribs 23, 24 may vary. The distances and inclinations of the various protective ribs 23, 24 may be configured differently depending on the application.

The in the FIGS. 1 . 2 illustrated circuit breaker 1 according to the invention has a strip construction, wherein in its housing 5 more current fuses 14A, 14B, 14C can be used. The strip-shaped housing 5 of the load-break switch 1 can be mounted in the vertical direction on substantially horizontally extending current-carrying rails SS, in particular busbars. After mounting the strip-shaped housing 5, the switch-disconnector 1 is substantially vertically aligned, wherein the front side of the circuit breaker 1, ie the in Fig. 1 . 2 overhead side, the front of the switch-disconnector 1 forms, on which the tool-safe control unit 19 of the circuit breaker 1 is accessible to a user. To turn off the located within the housing 5 switching contact assemblies 2, the operating handle 15 of the tool-safe operating unit 19 of the circuit breaker 1 in the longitudinal direction of the vertically oriented strip-shaped housing 5, which is mounted on the current-carrying rails SS moves down. Conversely, to activate the switching contact arrangements 2, the operating handle 15 of the load-disconnector 1 mounted vertically on the current-carrying rails SS is moved upwards. The actuation of the actuating handle 15 is preferably carried out manually by a user.

Fig. 8 shows the in the FIGS. 1 . 2 shown load disconnector 1 from above, ie Fig. 8 shows the front side of the switch-disconnector 1. In the mounted state of the switch-disconnector 1 is the in Fig. 8 shown on the left control unit or operating cap 19 above. Fig. 8 shows the switch-disconnector 1 in the off state, in which the operating handle 15 is in the lower switching position. In a switched-off switching state of the circuit breaker 1, in which the operating handle 15 of the tool-safe operating unit 19 is in a lower switching position, a mounted on an upper side of the housing 5 of the circuit breaker 1 Abschließriegel 26 from the housing 5 of the circuit breaker 1 is pulled out. Due to the withdrawn Abschließriegel 26 the snap-action mechanism 17 of the circuit breaker 1 is preferably mechanically blocked. In one possible embodiment, the locking bar 26 is visibly closed in its pulled-out position by means of at least one U-lock for a user.

The operating handle 15 can be manually operated in a quasi-translational movement to turn on or off the load-break switch 1. The actuating direction of the actuating handle 15 preferably extends in the longitudinal direction of the strip-shaped housing 5. Alternatively, a rotary handle can be provided with motor actuation. To turn on the circuit breaker 1, the operating handle 15 moves up. To turn off the mounted on the current-carrying rails SS switch-disconnector 1, the operating handle 15 is moved upward. To turn off the mounted load-break switch 1, the operating handle 15 is moved down. The actuating handle 15 preferably engages in corresponding contours of the snap-action mechanism 17 and actuates the snap-action mechanism 17 accordingly. Furthermore, located on the front or front side of the circuit breaker 1 of the front extendable Abschließriegel 26, the in Fig. 8 on the left side of the upper end. In the pulled-out state of the Abschließriegels 26, the snap-action mechanism 17 of the circuit breaker 1 is mechanically blocked. After the blockage of the snap-action mechanism 17, the load-break switch 1 can not be switched off or on. In the case of a possible embodiment, up to three padlocks can be suspended in the withdrawn locking latch 26 in order to indicate a closure of the circuit-breaker 1 that is visible to the user. The actuating handle 15 can be sealed both in the on state and in the off state in a possible embodiment. Furthermore, the load-break switch 1 in a possible embodiment, as in Fig. 8 shown, a mechanical cover latch 27 for locking the protective cover 25 have.

Fig. 13 shows in perspective the switch-disconnector 1 with open fuse cover 25. On the front side of the switch-disconnector 1, the fuse cover 25 is provided with a plurality of lenses 25A, 25B, 25C. The fuse cover 25 may, in one possible embodiment, cover a plurality of current fuses 14A, 14B, 14C contained in the housing 5. In off switching state of the circuit breaker 1, as shown schematically, for example in the FIGS. 8 . 13 is shown, the actuating handle 15 of the tool-safe control unit with the fuse cover 25 is mechanically connected and can from the snap-action mechanism 17 of the circuit breaker 1 for opening the fuse cover 25 at least partially be pulled out. The fuse cover 25 may further both in the switched-on state of the circuit breaker 1 and in the switched-off state of the circuit breaker 1, for example by means of in Fig. 8 lid lock 27 shown completed.

When you turn off the circuit breaker 1, the operating handle 15 is moved to the lower switching position, as in Fig. 13 represented, and to a certain extent transferred to the fuse cover 25, so that the operating handle 15 can be used in this switching position to open the fuse cover 25. By opening the fuse cover 25, the user gets to the fuse space within the housing 5 of the circuit breaker 1. The fuses 14A, 14B, 14C may be, for example, NH fuses that can be used in fuse contacts 13, as for example in Fig. 1 are shown. Fig. 9 shows the switch-disconnector 1 from the front with partially removed housing 5 with an inserted current fuse 14A. One recognizes in Fig. 9 three fuse contact pairs 13 for three current fuses, with only the top first current fuse 14A is shown used. The current fuses 14A, 14B, 14C are preferably arranged in series within the strip-shaped housing 5 of the circuit breaker 1, as in Fig. 9 recognizable. The row-shaped current fuses 14A, 14B, 14C are after the vertical mounting of the switch-disconnector 1 on the substantially horizontally extending current-carrying rails SS one above the other. In a preferred embodiment, there is a ventilation duct within the housing 5, which extends vertically after installation. In one possible embodiment, the ventilation duct can transport waste heat and / or switching gases upwards and on an upper end side of the housing 5, ie in FIG Fig. 9 left, to the environment.

At least one flag indicator may be provided on the front side of the switch-disconnector 1 in one possible embodiment be, which indicates the actual switching state of the circuit breaker 1, that is, the switching state of the located within the housing 5 switching contact assemblies 2, regardless of the position of the operating handle 15 of the tool-safe control unit 19 to the user.

In addition, 25 test holes may be provided for the voltage test in the lenses 25A, 25B, 25C of the fuse cover. Below the current fuses 14A, 14B, 14C which can be used in the housing 5, there are preferably mounting tunnels 20 which, in one possible embodiment, each have a removable protective cover. Fig. 14 shows a sectional view illustrating a possible embodiment of such a mounting tunnel 20. In one possible embodiment, in the mounting tunnel 20, an insulated clamping bracket 28 may be provided, which is held in the assembly tunnel 20 in a positive and positive manner. The in Fig. 14 illustrated clamping bracket 28 allows mounting of the circuit breaker 1 to a current-carrying rail SS from the front side after removal of the fuse cover 25th

In one possible embodiment, two locking slides can be entrained when switching the operating handle 15 by its guide bracket 15A, 15B, which are mounted in the lid and are pulled translationally from this cover when switched. In the off state of the circuit breaker 1, these locking slide are completely pushed into the lid. Inside the switch-disconnector 1 is the switch housing. In the switch housing, the shift carriage 4 is preferably included, which translates in the switch housing. The orientation of the load-break switch 1 in the assembled state is preferably vertical. A horizontal installation of the circuit breaker 1 is possible. The outlet rails 21-i are in one possible embodiment, as in FIG Fig. 8 shown on the bottom of the housing 5. Alternatively, the outlet rails 21-i or other connections be provided at a different location of the front of the housing 5. With accessories, such as box terminals or clamp connections, cables can be connected directly to the device or screwed on using cable lugs. In one possible embodiment, perforated or slotted access rails 16, which can establish electrical contact with the current-carrying rails SS, are located on the rear side of the housing 5. The contacting is preferably carried out either with a screw or with a clamp connection.

For easy installation, the strip can be suspended on the current-carrying rail via an accessory, whereby the mechanical connection to the current-carrying rail SS takes place only afterwards. The complete operating level on the front of the switch-disconnector 1 is tool-safe (IP30). At the front is the fuse cover 25 with its viewing windows 25A, 25B, 25C. In one possible embodiment, the securing cover 25 is mechanically rotatably mounted in the mounted state on the underside. When switched off, the handle 15 is mechanically connected to the fuse cover 25 and can serve as a handle for the fuse cover 25. If the fuse cover 25 is opened with the handle 15, this is at least partially pulled out of the snap-action mechanism 17 of the circuit breaker 1. Thus, the load-break switch 1 can not be switched with the fuse cover 25 open, providing an additional safety function for the user or operator. The fuse cover 25 may preferably be completed both in the switched on and in the off state. In the closed state of the fuse cover 25 is firmly connected to the rest of the strip body or housing 5 of the circuit breaker 1. Then access to the fuses 14A, 14B, 14C contained in the housing 5 is no longer possible. The closing can be done in a possible embodiment by means of a Doppelbartschlüssels. For every Fuse 14A, 14B, 14C test holes for voltage testing in the lenses 25A, 25B, 25C of the fuse cover 25 may be provided. These lenses 25A, 25B, 25C are preferably partially transparent to read also technical data printed on the fuses can.

The snap-action mechanism 17 of the load-break switch 1 allows an operator-independent switching. The switch-disconnector 1 according to the invention has, in a preferred embodiment, an electromechanical switch contact arrangement 2. An embodiment of such a switch contact arrangement 2 is shown in Fig. 6 shown. The switching contact arrangement 2 in this case has at least one loose contact unit 3, which is arranged to be movable relative to an electrical switching contact 6. The Loskontakteinheit 3 has at least one current-carrying contact 3A for power management after completion of a switching operation, which is protected by a switching sacrificial contact 3B from wear during the switching process. The Loskontakteinheit 3 is formed for example by a Loskontaktpaket. The Loskontakteinheit 3 is mounted on a movable Loskontaktträger, in particular on the in Fig.1 The switching carriage 4 is within the housing 5 of the circuit breaker 1 relative to the at least one fixed switching contact 6 translationally movable. In this case, provided in the housing 5 movable switching carriage 4 can be operated manually by means of the switching mechanism 17. The switch sacrificial contact 3B of the Loskontakteinheit 3 preferably has a double conical contact roller, while the current-carrying contact 3A of the Loskontakteinheit 3 has a cylindrical or conically shaped contact roller. Alternatively, a contact blade of the fixed switching contact 6 may be conical or have different contacting levels. In this case, both the switching sacrificial contact 3B and the current-carrying contact 3A of the Loskontakteinheit 3 are preferably cylindrical.

The switch sacrificial contact 3B is as in Fig. 6 shown, in addition to the current-carrying contact 3A attached to the movable Loskontaktträger or switching slide 4 on the electrical switching contact 6 side facing. The contact roller of the switching sacrificial contact 3B is preferably slightly longer than the contact roller of the current-carrying contact 3A. The fixed switching contact 6 preferably has a knife-shaped contact edge. In a switched-on state of the switching contact arrangement 2, the current-carrying contact 3A and the switching sacrificial contact 3B of the Loskontakteinheit 3 are located on a contact surface of the contact blade 6A, 6B. In a switched-off state of the switch contact arrangement 2, the current-carrying contact 3A and the switch sacrificial contact 3B of the loose contact unit 3 are separated from the contact surface of the contact blade 6A, 6B, the switch sacrificial contact 3B of the loose contact unit 3 facing an obliquely extending contact flank 7A, 7B of the contact blade ,

During a switching operation from the switched-on state to a switched-off state of the switching contact arrangement 2, the current-carrying contact 3A is first separated from the contact blade of the electrical switching contact 6 and only then is a separation of the switching sacrificial contact 3B from the contact blade of the fixed switching contact 6 Switching victim contact 3B of the Loskontakteinheit 3 of the contact blade of the electrical switching contact 6 forms an arc LB, which migrates along the inclined contact edge 7A, 7B of the contact blade away from the Loskontaktträger 4 outwardly to a splitter stack 18 out. The Loskontakteinheit 3 preferably has two by one or more spacers 9 spaced from each other loose contact pairs, each comprising a Stromführungskontakt 3A and a switching sacrificial contact 3B. Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a Loskontakteinheit 3 and a Loskontaktpaket 3. The two Loskontaktpaare a Loskontakteinheit 3 are preferably at a switching operation on the two opposite contact surfaces of the corresponding contact blade 6 A, 6 B of the fixed switching contact 6 of the switching contact arrangement 2 out.

In one possible embodiment, two Loskontakteinheiten 3 are provided on the Loskontaktträger or switching slide 4, each consisting of two Loskontaktpaaren, each of which in turn comprise a current-carrying contact 3A and a switching sacrificial contact 3B. In this case, the two Loskontakteinheiten 3 are preferably symmetrically mounted on both sides of the Loskontaktträger or shift carriage 4 and are performed during a switching operation on the opposite contact surfaces of two symmetrically arranged corresponding contact blades 6A, 6B of an associated fixed switching contact 6 of the switching contact arrangement. In one possible embodiment, the Loskontakteinheit 3 is resiliently mounted in the shift carriage or Loskontaktträger 4. Alternatively, the contact rollers are resiliently mounted within the contact unit 3.

The fuses 14A, 14B, 14C which can be used in the switch-disconnector 1 are preferably in each case connected by means of at least one switch contact arrangement 2, which may be used, for example, in US Pat Fig. 6 is shown, switchable in a current path. The fuses 14A, 14B, 14C are inserted into two opposite fuse contacts 13 of a fuse contact pair. Preferably, the fuse contacts 13 of a fuse contact pair are each electrically connected to a provided in the housing 5 of the circuit breaker 1 fixed switching contact 6 a switching contact arrangement 2. The shift carriage 4 carries the Loskontakteinheiten 3 of the various switching assemblies 2 and moves relative to the fixed in the housing 5 switch contacts 6 of the switch contact assemblies 2 when actuated translationally for closing or disconnecting the respective current path.

The in Fig. 1 illustrated load disconnector 1 with NH fuses in strip design with a snap-action mechanism 17 contained therein is used for operator-independent and safe for the user switching of electrical currents of several current phases L1, L2, L3. The switch-disconnector 1 can be mounted on a plurality of horizontally aligned and parallel current-carrying rails SS, in particular busbars. When switched on, the operating handle 15 is translated upwards by the operator. After overcoming a so-called point of no return, the switch-on can no longer be influenced or interrupted by the operator, ie, there is a user-independent switching of the load-break switch 1. The snap-action mechanism 17 of the circuit breaker 1 is designed such that a very high switching speed and a very high switching power is achieved. This is useful to erase the resulting arc LB as quickly as possible when switching under load and thus to minimize wear of the switching contacts. The switching contacts of the switching contact arrangements 2 are preferably designed such that when switching off the respective current phases L1, L2, L3 are interrupted at two points at the same time, ie, there is a so-called double interruption. As a result, a safe replacement of the fuses 14A, 14B, 14C is possible in the switched-off state of the circuit breaker 1, since the user-accessible fuse contacts 13 are floating on the front of the switching device after the double break. The housing 5 may have different widths. For example, for a design NH00, the housing 5 may be 50 mm wide, and for the embodiment NH1-3, the width of the housing is 100 mm, for example.

Fig. 15 schematically shows an embodiment of a power distribution system according to another aspect of the invention. How to get out Fig. 15 can recognize are doing on several, substantially parallel arranged busbars SS1, SS2, SS3 switch-disconnector 1-1, 1-2, 1-3 according to mounted on the first aspect of the invention. The busbars or current-carrying rails SS extend substantially horizontally. The switch-disconnectors 1-i have a strip-shaped housing 5 and are mounted vertically on the current-carrying rails SS. The power distribution system allows a flexible arrangement of the circuit breaker 1-i on the current-carrying rails. Furthermore, the fuse switch disconnectors can be placed on the bus bars such that their housings 5 abut each other, such as in FIG Fig. 15 for the fuse switch disconnectors 1-2, 1-3 shown. In addition, in the power distribution system according to the invention, the switch-disconnector 1-i can be flexibly installed mixed in other switching devices, for example with a fuse switch disconnector SLT, as in Fig. 15 shown. Further modular switchgear can be mounted in the vertical direction on the substantially horizontally extending current busbars SS and, for example, contain adapters or measuring modules. The switch-disconnectors 1-i may, in one possible embodiment, have current fuses which are arranged one above the other in a row after the switch-disconnector 1 has been mounted on the horizontally extending current busbars SS. Within the housing 5 of the mounted switch-disconnector 1 is preferably vertically integrated therein a ventilation duct, which dissipates waste heat and / or switching gases upwards. How to get out Fig. 15 All devices or switching devices including the switch-disconnectors 1-i are all preferably in vertical alignment with the horizontally running current-carrying rails or busbars SS1, SS2, SS3 mounted. As a result, a significant space savings, for example, within a control cabinet, achieved. In one possible embodiment, on the longitudinal side of the housing 5 of the circuit breaker 1, a semicircular Wärmekanalnut for heat dissipation and / or exhaust gas outlet be provided, which forms a circular vertically extending chimney together with the housing 5 of the immediately adjacent switching device. In one possible embodiment, a carrier element or positioning hook can be used for pre-positioning of the strip-shaped housing 5 on the current-carrying rail SS. The switch-disconnector 1 is particularly suitable for switching high currents, for example in a current range of 100 to 700 amps and / or high voltages in a voltage range of, for example, 400 to about 700 volts.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Switch disconnectors

2

Contact configuration

3

Loskontaktpaket

3A

Current carrying contact

3B

Switch sacrificial contact

4

Loskontakteinheit

5

casing

6

switching contact

7A, 7B

Contact edge

8A, 8B

contact point

9

Distanzblech

10

feather

11

roller cage

12

frame

13

Security Contact

14A, 14B, 14C

current fuse

15

operating handle

16

access rail

17

Snap-action mechanism

18

Splitter assembly

19

operating unit

20

assembly-tunnel

21

leaving rail

22

S-shaped bulge

23

protective rib

24

protective rib

25

fuse cover

25A, 25B, 25C

window

26

Abschließriegel

27

lid lock

28

Clamp drive

Claims (21)

1. Load interrupter (1), in which for each current phase (L) a switch contact arrangement (2) is provided which is connected to an associated incoming rail (16) provided at a rear face of a housing (5) of the load interrupter (1) for making an electrical contact with a current-conducting rail (SS), wherein the switch contact arrangement (2) can be switched by means of a the operating unit with protection against accidental contact (19) of the load interrupter (1) mounted on a front face of the housing (5), and wherein the operating unit with protection against accidental contact (19) has an operating handle (15) with two guide brackets (15A, 15B) connected to a spring-operated mechanism (17) for the user-independent switching of the at least one switch contact arrangement (2),
   characterised in that the guide brackets (15A, 15B) of the operating handle (15) of the operating unit with protection against accidental contact (19) are guided along a plurality of protective ribs (23, 24) in associated side portions of the in-line housing (5) of the load interrupter (1).
2. Load interrupter according to claim 1,
   wherein for each current phase (L) an associated fuse (14A, 14B, 14C) can be inserted into the housing (5) of the load interrupter (1).
3. Load interrupter according to claim 1 or 2,
   wherein the housing (5) of the load interrupter (1) has an in-line construction in which a plurality of fuses (14A, 14B, 14C) is arranged adjacent to one another for different current phases (L1, L2, L3).
4. Load interrupter according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3,
   wherein the protective ribs (23, 24) are arranged interlaced with one another such that no tools (W) can be introduced into the interior of the housing (5) of the load interrupter (1).
5. Load interrupter according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 4,
   wherein the guide brackets (15A, 15B) of the operating handle (15) of the operating unit with protection against accidental contact (19) have respectively at least an S-shaped bulge which surrounds at least one associated protective ribs (23, 24) without contacting.
6. Load interrupter according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5,
   wherein the switch contact arrangements (2) each have at least one switch contact (6) rigidly arranged in the housing (5) of the load interrupter (1) and at least one loose contact unit (3) mounted on a loose contact support (4) .
7. Load interrupter according to claim 6,
   wherein the loose contact support (4) has a switch slide which can be displaced linearly by means of the spring-operated mechanism (17) of the load interrupter (1) on operating the operating handle (15) of the operating unit with protection against accidental contact (19) in the longitudinal direction of the in-line housing (5) of the load interrupter (1).
8. Load interrupter according to any one of the preceding claims 3 to 7,
   wherein the in-line housing (5) of the load interrupter (1) can be mounted in the vertical direction on substantially horizontally aligned current-conducting rails (SS).
9. Load interrupter according to claim 8,
   wherein the operating handle (15) of the operating unit with protection against accidental contact (19) of the load interrupter (1) can be displaced downwards for deactivating the switch contact arrangements (2) in the longitudinal direction of the in-line housing (5) of the load interrupter (1) mounted vertically on the current-conducting rails (SS) and upwards for activating the switch contact arrangements (2) in the longitudinal direction of the in-line housing (5) of the load interrupter (1) mounted vertically on the current-conducting rails (SS).
10. Load interrupter according to claim 9,
    wherein in a deactivated switch status of the load interrupter (1) in which the operating handle (15) of the operating unit with protection against accidental contact (19) is in a lower switching position, a locking bar (26) mounted on an upper end face of the housing (5) of the load interrupter (1) can be extracted from the housing (5) of the load interrupter (1), which in the extracted position mechanically blocks the spring-operated mechanism (17) of the load interrupter (1).
11. Load interrupter according to claim 10,
    wherein the locking bar (26) in its extracted position can be visibly locked by means of at least one shackle-type connector.
12. Load interrupter according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 11,
    wherein a flag indicator is provided which displays the actual switch status of the load interrupter (1) independently of the position of the operating handle (15) of the operating unit with protection against accidental contact (19).
13. Load interrupter according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 12,
    wherein at the front face of the load interrupter (1) a fuse cover (25) is provided with viewing panes (25A, 25B, 25C) which covers fuses (14A, 14B, 14C) contained in the housing (5).
14. Load interrupter according to claim 13,
    wherein in the deactivated switch status of the load interrupter (1) the operating handle (15) of the operating unit with protection against accidental contact (19) is connected to the fuse cover (25) and can be extracted from the spring-operated mechanism (17) of the load interrupter (1) for opening the fuse cover (25).
15. Load interrupter according to claim 13 or 14,
    wherein the fuse cover (25) can be locked both in the activated switch status of the load interrupter (1) and in the deactivated switch status of the load interrupter (1) .
16. Load interrupter according to any one of the preceding claims 13 to 15,
    wherein the viewing windows (25A, 25B, 25C) of the fuse cover (25) have inspection holes for checking the voltage.
17. Load interrupter according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 16,
    wherein below the fuses (14A, 14B, 14C) which can be inserted into the housing (5) installation tunnels (20), each haveing a removable protective cover, are provided respectively inside the housing (5) of the load interrupter (1).
18. Load interrupter according to claim 17,
    wherein the installation tunnels (20) of the housing (5) of the load interrupter (1) are aligned via elongated openings in the switch slide (4) which can be displaced linearly inside the housing (5).
19. Load interrupter according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 18,
    wherein the fuses (14A, 14B, 14C) are arranged in a row inside the in-line housing (5) of the load interrupter (1) .
20. Load interrupter according to claim 19,
    wherein after vertical mounting of the load interrupter (1) on the substantially horizontally aligned current-conducting rails (SS) the fuses (14A, 14B, 14C) arranged in rows are positioned superimposed on one another and a ventilation channel aligned vertically inside the housing (5) of the load interrupter (1) transports waste heat upwards and discharges it to the outside at an upper end face of the housing (5) of the load interrupter (1).
21. Current distribution system wherein fused interrupters as well as load interrupters (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 20 can be mounted in the vertical direction on substantially horizontally aligned current-conducting rails (SS), particularly busbars.

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