EP3207623A1 - Elektrische maschine mit integriertem wärmepuffer sowie antriebseinheit mit einer solchen elektronischen maschine - Google Patents
Elektrische maschine mit integriertem wärmepuffer sowie antriebseinheit mit einer solchen elektronischen maschineInfo
- Publication number
- EP3207623A1 EP3207623A1 EP15790449.1A EP15790449A EP3207623A1 EP 3207623 A1 EP3207623 A1 EP 3207623A1 EP 15790449 A EP15790449 A EP 15790449A EP 3207623 A1 EP3207623 A1 EP 3207623A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- housing
- peak load
- winding
- electric machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013017 mechanical damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006163 transport media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
- H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
- H02K9/193—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil with provision for replenishing the cooling medium; with means for preventing leakage of the cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
- H02K9/197—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil in which the rotor or stator space is fluid-tight, e.g. to provide for different cooling media for rotor and stator
Definitions
- Electric machine with integrated heat buffer and drive unit with such an electric machine
- the present invention relates to an electrical machine which initially comprises in a conventional manner a rotor and a stator and an electrical winding and a housing.
- the housing encloses the rotor, the stator and the electrical winding. It is possible that the housing or parts thereof, is an integral part of the rotor.
- the electrical machine can be configured as an electric motor or as a generator. By suitable choice of the electrical connection of the electrical winding and its configuration within the electrical machine, this can be constructed as a synchronous machine, asynchronous machine or reluctance machine. With regard to the mechanical structure of such a machine, a distinction can be made between an internal rotor and an external rotor depending on the application.
- the overall thermal resistance can be influenced for example by constructive measures, in particular by a suitable choice of material and shape of the housing.
- the total thermal resistance In a normal operating state, which is intended for continuous operation, the total thermal resistance must be dimensioned so that the heat generated during feeding a continuous operating current into the electrical winding heat loss is dissipated sufficiently quickly to the environment, so that at a given ambient temperature does not exceed a predetermined maximum winding temperature in which neither the electrical winding nor the entire electrical machine undergo thermal damage.
- the housing may be equipped with cooling plates or be integrated into a separate cooling circuit. It is also possible to cool inside the electrical machine. provide channels through which a cooling medium flows in order to absorb the heat loss as close to the electrical winding and transported to the outside.
- Such active cooling systems are structurally complex and make the electrical machine and its operation considerably more expensive. In addition, this increases the weight of the electric machine, which is a hindrance especially for mobile applications.
- peak loads are demanded from such an electrical machine, which for a short period of time may be significantly above the dimensioned continuous operating load, in particular may be a multiple of the continuous operating load.
- the dimensioning of the electrical winding of the electric machine is generally determined by the dissipated heat loss in dispensing with active cooling.
- wire cross-sections and insulation precautions must be selected, which alone would allow a significantly higher operating current from an electrical point of view, that is able to electromagnetically generate a peak power well above the continuous operating load.
- the heat loss increases drastically, so that such peak loads can be accessed only very short, otherwise a thermal destruction of the electrical winding would result, for example, if there is a softening or even fire of the insulating varnish on the electrical Winding comes.
- electrical machines In order to be able to call for increased operating performance over a medium-term period, electrical machines have therefore to date been dimensioned considerably more efficiently or it must be additionally provided in the above manner, an active cooling.
- the object of the present invention is thus to provide an electrical machine which is designed under thermal aspects for a predetermined continuous operating load, dispenses with active cooling and nevertheless can provide an increased peak power significantly above the continuous operating load over a medium-term period without that there is thermal damage to the electric machine.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a drive unit which can provide a significantly increased peak power beyond a continuous operation power for a period of a few minutes required in typical drive situations.
- a drive unit according to the appended claim 7 is furthermore specified as a solution of the stated object.
- the electrical machine according to the invention is characterized in that in the housing a dielectric fluid is filled, which has a heat capacity which is dimensioned to receive a peak load heat amount, which is discharged from the electric winding, if this with a peak current during a peak load operating time is operated.
- the heat capacity of the dielectric fluid is dimensioned so that during the peak load operating time, the amount of heat of the other heat sources that are immanent the electric machine, record, so stemming z. B. from Statoreisenholden, rotor iron losses, bearing losses and magnetic losses.
- the peak load operating time is preferably 1 to 15 minutes, more preferably 5 to 10 minutes.
- An important advantage of the electric machine according to the invention is thus that, in contrast to the prior art described above, the losses are absorbed and buffered directly at their origin.
- the heat transfer to the surrounding system (cooler components) takes place through free convection and not forced convection.
- the filled in the housing dielectric liquid is mainly used to extend the thermal inertia of the entire electrical machine, to homogenize the temperature distribution within the electric machine and act to a certain extent in a mechanical damping manner on the moving parts of the electric machine.
- the total heat capacity of the electric machine is significantly increased from the unfilled state.
- the dielectric fluid thus serves primarily as a heat buffer and not as a heat transport medium since the dielectric fluid does not communicate with a cooling system external to the electrical machine.
- the dielectric fluid transports the resulting waste heat to the various components and spaces that are embedded in or flowed through by the dielectric fluid.
- the dielectric fluid is preferably a good heat-conducting oil, which on the one hand has a high heat capacity and on the other hand does not cause an electrical short circuit between different sections of the electrical winding.
- the oil can simultaneously serve for the lubrication of the bearing units of the electric machine, which can be dispensed with a separate lubrication system.
- the person skilled in various ways for sealing rotary bearings are known, so that leakage of the oil from the electric machine can be safely avoided even at the locations.
- the serving as a dielectric liquid oil is preferably the predominant, more preferably almost the entire space remaining within the housing between the rotor and the stator, filled.
- additional wing elements are mounted on the rotor, which accelerate a mixing and distribution of the oil again.
- the housing has a filler neck, via which the electrical fluid can be introduced in the manufacturing process. After closing the filler neck, the housing as a whole is sealed in a liquid-tight manner, so that leakage of the dielectric liquid is precluded.
- the filler neck can also be designed such that it can be opened and closed again by the user of the electric machine for filling in the dielectric fluid.
- standard electrical machines can be adapted by the user to different applications by filling the dielectric capacity increasing dielectric fluid only when peak load conditions can occur which would result in thermal overloading of the machine without this additional heat capacity.
- the present invention further provides a drive unit with an electric motor and a drive element coupled to this electric motor, wherein the electric motor is designed as an electrical machine in the construction described above.
- Such drive units are particularly suitable for actuator tasks in which an increased driving force is required only for a relatively short period of time, for example a few minutes, d. H. peak load, while in the remaining periods the electric motor either stands still or only has a much lower continuous load.
- the electric motor is adapted to the mainly occurring continuous load in such a way that the heat loss occurring can passively be discharged to the environment without an additional cooling device.
- a drive element in such a drive unit for example, ball screw spindles, spherical planetary spindles, hydraulic cylinders, winches or similar drive elements are used.
- An invented Drive unit according to the invention can, for example, drive the lifting device on a refuse vehicle, the tail lift on a truck or the lifting crane on any transport vehicle.
- Other typical applications include the extension of hydraulic supports on vehicles or the positioning of work units on construction machinery.
- the drive unit according to the invention is particularly suitable for a combination with hydraulic drives in which only an increased load is required for a short time. By the described increase in the heat capacity of the electric machine, an increased power density can be provided, which is comparable to a hydraulic actuator.
- the filled in the housing of the electrical machine dielectric fluid absorbs the increased heat loss and delayed after completion of the peak load condition on the housing to the environment, without requiring an active cooling is required.
- rapid distribution of heat loss within the electric machine also reduce the mechanical stresses that otherwise occur in an uneven heat distribution within the electrical machine and can cause damage.
- the single FIGURE shows in a greatly simplified longitudinal sectional view of the basic structure of an electrical machine which is constructed as an internal rotor.
- An illustrated in Fig. 1 electric motor 01 has a housing 02, which is completed liquid-tight. Within the housing 02, a stator 03 is arranged, which carries an electrical winding 04.
- the electrical winding 04 may comprise a plurality of coil units, which are electrically interconnected depending on the desired operating mode and are supplied with a drive current by an external control unit (not shown).
- the electric motor 01 has in this case an internal rotor 06, which is connected to a motor shaft 07.
- the motor shaft 07 is mounted in roller bearings 08, which are held in the housing 02 and are each sealed via a bearing seal 09 to prevent the escape of liquid from the housing 02.
- the electrical winding 04 is dimensioned so that the heat loss occurring during a continuous or normal operating state can be delivered to the housing 02 and from there to the environment, without the need for further cooling and without exceeding a permissible maximum winding temperature.
- a dielectric liquid 1 1 is filled, which almost completely fills the cavities in this embodiment.
- the free space within the housing 02 is filled to about 50 to 80%, depending on the required heat capacity provided by the dielectric fluid.
- the least required amount of dielectric fluid, in particular oil the expert can easily determine by starting from the occurring peak load case peak load heat.
- the difference to the amount of heat generated by the electric machine in the normal operating state and delivered by heat transfer to the environment, must first be absorbed by the dielectric fluid, which acts as a heat buffer.
- the required amount can be calculated to fully absorb this peak load heat quantity.
- the passive heat output can be taken into account, which has a dissipation of the heat loss occurring even in peak load condition. This is also dependent on the ambient temperature, which can be determined if necessary by a temperature sensor.
- the resulting temperature gradient between the current operating temperature at the housing 02 and the ambient temperature can be considered within a control unit, to generate a warning signal when needed or to terminate the peak load mode when overheating of the electrical winding is imminent.
- the control unit can also be configured so that after passing through a peak load state for a given period of time only the operation is possible in the normal operating state, so that sufficient time is available to that of the dielectric
- the invention can also be applied to modified embodiments of electrical machines.
- temperature profile profiles can be stored in order to be able to map typical operating states and thus to influence the control of the electrical machine.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014014885 | 2014-10-13 | ||
| DE102014221303.7A DE102014221303B4 (de) | 2014-10-13 | 2014-10-21 | Elektrische Maschine mit integriertem Wärmepuffer sowie Antriebseinheit mit einer solchen elektronischen Maschine |
| PCT/DE2015/200468 WO2016058606A1 (de) | 2014-10-13 | 2015-10-06 | Elektrische maschine mit integriertem wärmepuffer sowie antriebseinheit mit einer solchen elektronischen maschine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3207623A1 true EP3207623A1 (de) | 2017-08-23 |
Family
ID=55644148
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15790449.1A Withdrawn EP3207623A1 (de) | 2014-10-13 | 2015-10-06 | Elektrische maschine mit integriertem wärmepuffer sowie antriebseinheit mit einer solchen elektronischen maschine |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170229942A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3207623A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN106797158A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102014221303B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2016058606A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115566859B (zh) * | 2022-09-23 | 2025-04-25 | 江苏巨杰机电有限公司 | 一体式三轮车电机 |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3755702A (en) * | 1972-07-31 | 1973-08-28 | Gen Electric | Flow surge equipment for dynamoelectric machine |
| CH591178A5 (de) * | 1972-11-03 | 1977-09-15 | Anvar | |
| DE2659482A1 (de) * | 1976-12-30 | 1978-07-06 | Arnold Mueller | Induktionsmotor |
| US4164672A (en) * | 1977-08-18 | 1979-08-14 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Cooling and insulating system for extra high voltage electrical machine with a spiral winding |
| DE2932096A1 (de) * | 1979-08-08 | 1981-02-26 | Hermetic Pumpen Gmbh | Ruehrwerk-motoraggregat |
| US4320431A (en) * | 1980-02-26 | 1982-03-16 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Fluid circulating pump |
| US4445056A (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1984-04-24 | Litton Industrial Products, Inc. | Means for improving the operation of liquid filled electric motors |
| FR2525830A1 (fr) * | 1982-04-23 | 1983-10-28 | Renault | Machine electrodynamique refroidie par un liquide |
| DE4440565A1 (de) * | 1994-11-12 | 1996-05-15 | Gsc Schwoerer Gmbh | Motorgetriebe |
| US5930852A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1999-08-03 | Aqua-Flo, Incorporated | Heat exchanging pump motor for usage within a recirculating water system |
| US6914354B2 (en) * | 2002-01-16 | 2005-07-05 | Ballard Power Systems Corporation | Assembly and method for direct cooling of motor end-winding |
| US6927510B1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2005-08-09 | Abb Inc. | Cooling electromagnetic stirrers |
| JP2005233183A (ja) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-09-02 | Sauer Danfoss Inc | ロータリカム型の油圧動力部を有する電気油圧式動力ユニット |
| US7182583B2 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2007-02-27 | Sauer-Danfoss Inc. | Electro-hydraulic power unit with a rotary cam hydraulic power unit |
| US7210304B2 (en) * | 2005-02-09 | 2007-05-01 | General Motors Corporation | Cooling arrangements for integrated electric motor-inverters |
| DE102006000443A1 (de) * | 2006-09-04 | 2008-03-20 | Hilti Ag | Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Motors |
| DE112011101912T5 (de) * | 2010-06-04 | 2013-03-28 | Remy Technologies Llc. | Kühlsystem und -verfahren für eine elektrische Maschine |
| US20120286595A1 (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-11-15 | Debabrata Pal | Enhanced dual liquid cooling system for electric motor |
| AR083135A1 (es) * | 2011-10-05 | 2013-02-06 | Ind Metalurgicas Pescarmona S A I C Y F | Generador eolico sincronico |
| DE202012012963U1 (de) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-07-17 | Airbus Defence and Space GmbH | Elektroantriebsbaueinheit |
-
2014
- 2014-10-21 DE DE102014221303.7A patent/DE102014221303B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-10-06 CN CN201580054454.XA patent/CN106797158A/zh active Pending
- 2015-10-06 EP EP15790449.1A patent/EP3207623A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-10-06 US US15/518,560 patent/US20170229942A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-10-06 WO PCT/DE2015/200468 patent/WO2016058606A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106797158A (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
| DE102014221303A1 (de) | 2016-04-14 |
| WO2016058606A1 (de) | 2016-04-21 |
| US20170229942A1 (en) | 2017-08-10 |
| DE102014221303B4 (de) | 2016-08-18 |
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Legal Events
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| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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| 18W | Application withdrawn |
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| P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230522 |