EP3204557B2 - Tamping machine for compacting the ballast bed of a track - Google Patents

Tamping machine for compacting the ballast bed of a track Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3204557B2
EP3204557B2 EP15793677.4A EP15793677A EP3204557B2 EP 3204557 B2 EP3204557 B2 EP 3204557B2 EP 15793677 A EP15793677 A EP 15793677A EP 3204557 B2 EP3204557 B2 EP 3204557B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tamping
mechanical tamper
track
guides
units
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EP15793677.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3204557A1 (en
EP3204557B1 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Lichtberger
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HP3 Real GmbH
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HP3 Real GmbH
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E01B27/13—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/16—Sleeper-tamping machines
    • E01B27/17—Sleeper-tamping machines combined with means for lifting, levelling or slewing the track
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E01B27/13—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/16—Sleeper-tamping machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
    • E01B2203/12—Tamping devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
    • E01B2203/12—Tamping devices
    • E01B2203/125—Tamping devices adapted for switches or crossings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a track tamping machine for compacting the ballast bedding of a track, with at least two tamping units per track tamping machine side, which can be displaced transversely to the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine with a transverse displacement device, for tamping under the track and with a lifting and straightening device arranged between the rail bogies in the working direction, preferably in front of the tamping units Leveling and straightening the track and possibly the branching line of a switch.
  • Track tamping machines are machines that correct the position of switches and / or tracks.
  • measuring systems are used that measure the actual track height, the actual track direction and the actual cant position of the track during work and compare them with specified target values.
  • the track grid With the help of a lifting and straightening device, the track grid is raised and laterally aligned until the difference between the specified target position and the actual position is zero. This geometric position is fixed by compressing the ballast under the sleepers on the left and right of the rails with the help of a tamping unit.
  • the track grid is lifted and straightened using appropriate hydraulic lifting and straightening cylinders with proportional or servo controls. Turnouts have a continuous track and a branching track as a special feature.
  • the so-called tongues change the direction of movement of the moving train.
  • the intersection area between the continuous rail and the branching rail is called the focal point.
  • point tamping machines with split tamping units so-called split-head tamping units.
  • split-head tamping units During the tamping of a turnout, the respective outer unit of one side can be pivoted outwards in the direction of the branching track for tamping the same.
  • a track tamping machine for compacting the ballast bedding of a track with at least two tamping units per track tamping machine side for tamping the track, which can be displaced transversely to the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine with a transverse displacement device U.S. 4,445,437
  • the outer tamping unit with the guides assigned to it can be displaced transversely to the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine with an adjusting drive and the inner tamping unit can be displaced on the same guides independently of the outer tamping unit with an adjustment drive transversely to the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine.
  • EP 0 386 398 B1 shows an embodiment of a transverse displacement device for tamping units on a sliding guide common to the tamping units, which is characterized by a limited transverse displacement path within the machine frame.
  • the common transverse guidance in a plane lying parallel to the track plane is characterized by low bending stiffness, since the guides are horizontal to the track plane.
  • the rotating device is formed by four guide rollers that can be rotated about vertical axes, with centering taking place via a circular segment-shaped guide surface of the machine frame.
  • EP 1 846 616 B1 shows an embodiment of the transverse displacement device which shows four transversely displaceable units on a further rotatable intermediate frame which in turn has an additional transverse displacement so that a greater transverse displacement path at least of the respective outer unit can be achieved.
  • the displacement path of the respective inner unit remains limited.
  • the vertical limited flexural rigidity of the units guided in this way leads to vibratory behavior when tamping due to the immersion forces, which means an increased permanent bending fatigue strength stress.
  • the rotating devices carried out so far are complicated in structure and require increased maintenance.
  • the limitation of the lateral displacement path of the inner unit on one side and the limited displacement paths in general prevent the clogging of a switch (main track and branching track) in one passage.
  • the state of the art is two operations for tamping a switch.
  • Well-stuffed tracks must be stuffed to the left and right of the rail. Therefore, in the first step, the Main track and in the branching line of the turnout only the inner area of the outer rail of the branch is stuffed. In a second step, those areas are stuffed that could not be processed in the first step.
  • the outer unit part is located on a pivotable carrier. This support arm must be designed to be longitudinally displaceable so that the unit position can be adjusted to the inclined long sleepers in the switch. The unit which is located on the support arm must also be designed to be rotatable on this support arm. Such designs are mechanically complex and cause the unit to vibrate when it is immersed and tamped.
  • Another generic prior art is from EP 0 386 398 B1 and the EP 0 455 179 A2 known.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a transverse displacement device for units that allows both units on one side of the machine to be moved independently so that the main line and the branching line of a switch can preferably be tamped in a single operation.
  • the rigidity of the guidance of the units in the longitudinal direction of the track, in the vertical direction and also the torsional rigidity should be increased. According to an advantageous further development of the invention, it should be possible to adapt the tamping units to the inclined long sleepers of a switch, if necessary.
  • both tamping units on each track tamping machine side are assigned at least two guides, in particular slide rods or slide tubes, which are offset from one another in terms of their height and in the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine, the respective outer tamping unit with the guides assigned to it with a Adjustment drive is displaceable transversely to the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine and the inner tamping unit can be displaced on the same guides independently of the outer tamping unit with an adjustment drive transverse to the longitudinal direction of the tamping machine, the guides of the tamping units on opposite sides of the tamping machine resting in a common guide seat.
  • the transverse shifting device allows both units on one side of the machine to be shifted independently, so that the main line and the branching line of a switch can be tamped together.
  • the inner tamping unit can therefore be displaced on the associated guide of the outer tamping unit. Both tamping units can be relocated either together or individually.
  • a turntable is attached to a girder if necessary, to which a guide receptacle can be assigned.
  • the guides in particular slide rods or slide tubes, with which the laterally outer assembly parts are firmly connected, are mounted in this guide receptacle.
  • the respective inner assembly parts slide on these common slide rods or slide tubes.
  • the movements are carried out via transverse displacement drives.
  • the laterally inner unit can be displaced transversely up to the limit by the laterally outer unit.
  • the slide rods or slide tubes of the left and right units are spatially arranged independently of one another so that they do not interfere with one another and that the at least two guides are provided not only in the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine but also vertically offset from one another in height.
  • the assembly frames of the tamping units preferably have clearances, in particular holes, for the guides of the tamping units of the respective other track tamping machine sides, in order to make the best possible use of the permissible clear space of the railroad tracks.
  • This design enables considerably longer transverse adjustment paths to be achieved.
  • Such tamping machines are used to set up and tamp a track.
  • the tamping units of both Machine sides are shifted beyond the machine frame to the outside.
  • both the main strand and the branching strand can be completely stuffed up to approximately the level of the frog at a switch position in one operation.
  • the transverse displacement device with the transversely displaceable units is also designed to be rotatable about the vertical axis via a turntable. Due to the at least two sliding guides that are offset in height with respect to the track level, a high level of stability of the guided units is achieved.
  • the advantage of this embodiment according to the invention is that the transverse displacement device achieves greater transverse displacement paths for the two units on one side. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the inner unit on one side can be pushed out to the limit by the outer unit on the same side, which is why both the main strand and the branching strand can be processed in a switch in one operation.
  • the execution of height-offset sliding guides advantageously leads to a higher rigidity of the device for the cantilevered tamping units.
  • the use of a turntable device according to the invention also increases the range of rotation of the entire device and, due to the simple structure, promises lower maintenance and cost outlay.
  • a track tamping machine 22 ( Fig. 1 ) with main girders 12 has tamping units 41 with transverse displacement device 1, a lifting and straightening unit 26 and a track lifting drive 25 as well as a track straightening drive 33.
  • 31 shows the usual diesel engine that serves as an energy source.
  • 23 and 24 are the driving cabs, 29 is a work cab.
  • the machine 22 travels over the drives 28 on the rails 30, which in turn are fastened to the sleepers 31 to be tamped.
  • the sleepers 31 are tamped with the tamping tines 8 that plunge into the gravel during work.
  • the working direction is given by 32.
  • the actual track position is recorded via the measuring car 27 and a measuring device and, by comparison with the target track position, the track is lifted, straightened and fixed in this position by tamping.
  • the tamping units With the rotating device 14, the tamping units are set up in their position parallel to the long sleepers which are inclined in the switch.
  • a turntable 14 is attached to cross members 13. With this turntable 14, the entire transverse guide device can be rotated 15 about the vertical axis (by at least 20 °) by means of the rotary drive 35.
  • a transverse guide receptacle 34 is mounted on the underside of the turntable 14.
  • the slide rods or slide tubes 2 and 3 move in a sliding manner in the transverse guide receptacle 34.
  • the slide rods or slide tubes 2, 3 are firmly connected to the respective outer unit 37.
  • the inner units 38 move freely within the area 36 on the slide rods or slide tubes 2, 3 only to a limited extent by the respective outer unit 37 and the stop inside the transverse guide receptacle 34.
  • the units 37, 38 are moved transversely by transverse drives 21.
  • guide rods 4 are provided for vertical guidance of the unit boxes 5.
  • the units 37, 38 are raised and lowered by vertical drives 9.
  • the working tools, the so-called pick 8, can be swiveled up and down.
  • B. the inner unit of the right side first the inside to the left of the rail 18 and stuff then also tamp the outside, next to the rail 19, by means of transverse displacement 17 to the outside.
  • the same can be done with the outer unit with regard to the tamping of the outer rail 20 of the branching line by moving it transversely by 39.
  • a switch position can be completely tamped without moving the track tamping machine 22.
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically the outer unit frame 1 with the tamping unit 41 in a side view.
  • the tamping arms 11 are rotated around the point 10 via the auxiliary cylinder 6 and the ballast is compacted in the process.
  • the work tools, the so-called tamping ax 8 can be pivoted to the side via the tamping ax holder 40.
  • the tamping unit 41 is lowered and raised via the raising / lowering cylinder 9 with the aid of the guides 4.
  • the unit box 5 runs in the guides 4. 21 shows the two transverse displacement drives of the unit frame 1. 2 represents the fixed connection of the outer unit frame 1 with the slide rods or slide tubes.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the unit frame 1 with only two guide rods or guide tubes 2.
  • Fig. 4 shows the arrangement of the vertical guide for the tamping unit.
  • FIG. 3 the bores in the unit frame for the guide rods or guide tubes of the opposite units can be seen.
  • Fig. 5 shows schematically the usual tamping of a switch 50 in the first operation.
  • the working direction is indicated by 32.
  • the inner and outer units on the left-hand side in the working direction tamp the track on the left 43 and to the right 42 next to the field-side rail 18.
  • the track of the right-hand rail is tamped under by the inner and outer units on the left 44 and right 52 of the rail 18 of the continuous line.
  • the continuous track inside 44 is tamped with the inner right tamping unit.
  • the outer right unit is swiveled out and stuffs the inside 45 of the branching line 20 until the transverse displacement reaches its limit 55.
  • the outer unit then swivels back and stuffs the outer area 47 of the continuous strand 18.
  • Fig. 6 shows schematically the second work step of tamping a switch 50.
  • the work direction is indicated by 32.
  • the two units on the left are not in use up to the focal point.
  • the inner unit on the right-hand side now tampers the outer area 46 of the continuous strand 18 up to the frog 54. It then tampers the inner side 56 of the outer curved rail 20 of the branching branch 56. From the frog the units on the left-hand side are used again and tamped the outer area 53 and the inner area 48 of the inner curve rail 19 of the branching line.
  • the outer unit on the right-hand side stuffs the outer area 49 of the outer rail 20 of the branching line.
  • the inner unit on the right-hand side begins with the tamping of the inside of the curved outer rail 56 from the area 55 up to which tamping was possible in the first operation.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Gleisstopfmaschine zum Verdichten der Schotterbettung eines Gleises, mit je wenigstens zwei für sich mit einer Querverschiebeeinrichtung quer zur Gleisstopfmaschinenlängsrichtung verlagerbaren Stopfaggregaten je Gleisstopfmaschinenseite zum Unterstopfen des Gleises und mit einem zwischen Schienenfahrwerken in Arbeitsrichtung vorzugsweise vor den Stopfaggregaten angeordneten Hebe-Richteinrichtung zum Nivellieren und Richten des Gleises und gegebenenfalls des abzweigenden Stranges einer Weiche.The invention relates to a track tamping machine for compacting the ballast bedding of a track, with at least two tamping units per track tamping machine side, which can be displaced transversely to the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine with a transverse displacement device, for tamping under the track and with a lifting and straightening device arranged between the rail bogies in the working direction, preferably in front of the tamping units Leveling and straightening the track and possibly the branching line of a switch.

Gleisstopfmaschinen sind Maschinen die die Gleislage von Weichen und/ oder Gleisen berichtigen. Dazu werden Messsysteme benutzt die die Gleishöhen-Istlage, die Gleisrichtungs-Istlage sowie die Überhöhungs-Istlage des Gleises während der Arbeit messen und mit vorgegebenen Sollwerten vergleichen. Mit Hilfe einer Hebe-Richteinrichtung wird der Gleisrost solange angehoben und seitlich ausgerichtet bis die Differenz zwischen vorgegebener Soll-Lage und Ist-Lage Null ist. Diese geometrische Lage wird durch Verdichten des Schotters unter den Schwellen jeweils links und rechts der Schienen mit Hilfe eines Stopfaggregates fixiert. Das Heben und Richten des Gleisrostes erfolgt dabei über entsprechende hydraulische Hebe- und Richtzylinder mit Proportional- oder Servosteuerung. Weichen weisen als Besonderheit ein durchgehendes Gleis und ein abzweigendes Gleis auf. Über die so genannten Zungen wird eine Bewegungsrichtungsänderung des fahrenden Zuges bewirkt. Der Kreuzungsbereich zwischen durchgehender Schiene und abzweigender Schiene wird als Herzstück bezeichnet. Zum Unterstopfen speziell von Weichen existieren Weichenstopfmaschinen mit geteilten Stopfaggregaten so genannten Split-Head-Stopfaggregaten. Während der Unterstopfung einer Weiche kann das jeweils äußere Aggregat einer Seite nach außen in Richtung des abzweigenden Gleisstranges zum Unterstopfen desselben geschwenkt werden.Track tamping machines are machines that correct the position of switches and / or tracks. For this purpose, measuring systems are used that measure the actual track height, the actual track direction and the actual cant position of the track during work and compare them with specified target values. With the help of a lifting and straightening device, the track grid is raised and laterally aligned until the difference between the specified target position and the actual position is zero. This geometric position is fixed by compressing the ballast under the sleepers on the left and right of the rails with the help of a tamping unit. The track grid is lifted and straightened using appropriate hydraulic lifting and straightening cylinders with proportional or servo controls. Turnouts have a continuous track and a branching track as a special feature. The so-called tongues change the direction of movement of the moving train. The intersection area between the continuous rail and the branching rail is called the focal point. For tamping points in particular, there are point tamping machines with split tamping units, so-called split-head tamping units. During the tamping of a turnout, the respective outer unit of one side can be pivoted outwards in the direction of the branching track for tamping the same.

Eine Gleisstopfmaschine zum Verdichten der Schotterbettung eines Gleises, mit je wenigstens zwei für sich mit einer Querverschiebeeinrichtung quer zur Gleisstopfmaschinenlängsrichtung verlagerbaren Stopfaggregaten je Gleisstopfmaschinenseite zum Unterstopfen des Gleises offenbart die US 4 445 437 A , wobei das jeweils äußere Stopfaggregat mit den ihm zugeordneten Führungen mit einem Verstellantrieb quer zur Gleisstopfmaschinenlängsrichtung verlagerbar ist und wobei das innere Stopfaggregat auf denselben Führungen unabhängig vom äußeren Stopfaggregat mit einem Verstellantrieb quer zur Gleisstopfmaschinenlängsrichtung verlagerbar ist.A track tamping machine for compacting the ballast bedding of a track, with at least two tamping units per track tamping machine side for tamping the track, which can be displaced transversely to the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine with a transverse displacement device U.S. 4,445,437 A The outer tamping unit with the guides assigned to it can be displaced transversely to the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine with an adjusting drive and the inner tamping unit can be displaced on the same guides independently of the outer tamping unit with an adjustment drive transversely to the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine.

In EP 0 386 398 B1 wird eine Ausführung einer Querverschiebeeinrichtung für Stopfaggregate auf einer den Stopfaggregaten gemeinsamen Gleitführung gezeigt die durch einen begrenzten Querverschiebeweg innerhalb des Maschinenrahmens gekennzeichnet ist. Die gemeinsame Querführung in einer parallel zur Gleisebene liegenden Ebene ist durch geringe Verbiegesteifigkeit gekennzeichnet, da sich die Führungen horizontal zur Gleisebene befinden. Die Dreheinrichtung wird durch vier um vertikale Achsen verdrehbare Führungsrollen, wobei die Zentrierung über eine kreissegmentförmige Führungsfläche des Maschinenrahmens geschieht, gebildet. EP 1 846 616 B1 zeigt eine Ausführung der Querverschiebeeinrichtung die vier querverschiebbaren Aggregate auf einem weiteren drehbaren Zwischenrahmen zeigen der seinerseits eine zusätzliche Querverschiebung aufweist, damit ein größerer Querverschiebeweg zumindest des jeweils äußeren Aggregates erzielt werden kann. Der Verschiebeweg des jeweils inneren Aggregates bleibt begrenzt. Die vertikale begrenzte Biegesteifigkeit der so geführten Aggregate führt beim Stopfen durch die Eintauchkräfte zu schwingungshaftem Verhalten was eine erhöhte Dauer-Biege-Wechselfestigkeitsbeanspruchung bedeutet. Die bisher ausgeführten Drehvorrichtungen sind kompliziert im Aufbau und bedürfen einer erhöhten Wartung. Die Begrenzung des Querverschiebeweges des inneren Aggregates einer Seite und die begrenzten Verschiebewege generell verhindert das Unterstopfen einer Weiche (Hauptgleis und abzweigendes Gleis) in einem Durchgang. Stand der Technik sind zwei Arbeitsgänge zum Stopfen einer Weiche. Gut unterstopfte Gleise müssen jeweils links und rechts der Schiene gestopft werden. Deshalb wird im ersten Arbeitsgang das Hauptgleis und im abzweigenden Strang der Weiche nur der innere Bereich der äußeren Schiene des Abzweigs unterstopft. In einem zweiten Arbeitsgang werden jene Bereiche gestopft die im ersten Arbeitsgang nicht bearbeitet werden konnten. Es sind auch Ausführungen bekannt bei denen sich der äußere Aggregatteil auf einem ausschwenkbarem Träger befindet. Damit die Aggregatposition an die schräg liegenden Langschwellen in der Weiche angepasst werden kann muss dieser Tragarm längs verschiebbar ausgeführt werden. Das Aggregat welches sich auf dem Tragarm befindet muss zudem drehbar auf diesem Tragarm ausgestaltet werden. Derartige Ausführungen sind mechanisch aufwendig und führen zu einem Schwingen des Aggregates beim Eintauchen und Stopfen. Ein weiterer gattungsgemäßer Stand der Technik ist aus der EP 0 386 398 B1 und der EP 0 455 179 A2 bekannt.In EP 0 386 398 B1 shows an embodiment of a transverse displacement device for tamping units on a sliding guide common to the tamping units, which is characterized by a limited transverse displacement path within the machine frame. The common transverse guidance in a plane lying parallel to the track plane is characterized by low bending stiffness, since the guides are horizontal to the track plane. The rotating device is formed by four guide rollers that can be rotated about vertical axes, with centering taking place via a circular segment-shaped guide surface of the machine frame. EP 1 846 616 B1 shows an embodiment of the transverse displacement device which shows four transversely displaceable units on a further rotatable intermediate frame which in turn has an additional transverse displacement so that a greater transverse displacement path at least of the respective outer unit can be achieved. The displacement path of the respective inner unit remains limited. The vertical limited flexural rigidity of the units guided in this way leads to vibratory behavior when tamping due to the immersion forces, which means an increased permanent bending fatigue strength stress. The rotating devices carried out so far are complicated in structure and require increased maintenance. The limitation of the lateral displacement path of the inner unit on one side and the limited displacement paths in general prevent the clogging of a switch (main track and branching track) in one passage. The state of the art is two operations for tamping a switch. Well-stuffed tracks must be stuffed to the left and right of the rail. Therefore, in the first step, the Main track and in the branching line of the turnout only the inner area of the outer rail of the branch is stuffed. In a second step, those areas are stuffed that could not be processed in the first step. There are also known designs in which the outer unit part is located on a pivotable carrier. This support arm must be designed to be longitudinally displaceable so that the unit position can be adjusted to the inclined long sleepers in the switch. The unit which is located on the support arm must also be designed to be rotatable on this support arm. Such designs are mechanically complex and cause the unit to vibrate when it is immersed and tamped. Another generic prior art is from EP 0 386 398 B1 and the EP 0 455 179 A2 known.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Querverschiebeeinrichtung von Aggregaten anzugeben, die ein unabhängiges Verschieben jeweils beider Aggregate einer Maschinenseite soweit erlaubt, dass der Hauptstrang und der abzweigende Strang einer Weiche vorzugsweise in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang unterstopft werden können. Die Steifigkeit der Führung der Aggregate in Gleislängsrichtung, in vertikaler Richtung und außerdem die Torsionssteifigkeit sollen erhöht werden. Nach einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung soll bei Bedarf eine Anpassung der Stopfaggregate an die schräg liegenden Langschwellen einer Weiche erfolgen können.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a transverse displacement device for units that allows both units on one side of the machine to be moved independently so that the main line and the branching line of a switch can preferably be tamped in a single operation. The rigidity of the guidance of the units in the longitudinal direction of the track, in the vertical direction and also the torsional rigidity should be increased. According to an advantageous further development of the invention, it should be possible to adapt the tamping units to the inclined long sleepers of a switch, if necessary.

Die Erfindung löst die gestellte Aufgabe dadurch, dass beiden Stopfaggregaten jeder Gleisstopfmaschinenseite zumindest zwei Führungen, insbesondere Gleitstangen oder Gleitrohre, zugeordnet sind, die zueinander in Bezug auf ihre Höhenlage und in Gleisstopfmaschinenlängsrichtung versetzt sind, wobei das jeweils äußere Stopfaggregat mit den ihm zugeordneten Führungen mit einem Verstellantrieb quer zur Gleisstopfmaschinenlängsrichtung verlagerbar ist und wobei das innere Stopfaggregat auf denselben Führungen unabhängig vom äußeren Stopfaggregat mit einem Verstellantrieb quer zur Gleisstopfmaschinenlängsrichtung verlagerbar ist, wobei die Führungen der Stopfaggregate gegenüberliegender Gleisstopfmaschinenseiten in einer gemeinsamen Führungsaufnahme ruhen. Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Ausführung wird eine wesentlich höhere vertikale Steifigkeit, Steifigkeit in Gleislängsrichtung und Torsionssteifigkeit erzielt. Zudem erlaubt die Querverschiebeeinrichtung ein unabhängiges Verschieben jeweils beider Aggregate einer Maschinenseite insoweit, dass der Hauptstrang und der abzweigende Strang einer Weiche gemeinsam unterstopft werden können. Das innere Stopfaggregat ist also jeweils auf der zugeordneten Führung des äußeren Stopfaggregates verlagerbar. Beide Stopfaggregate können sowohl gemeinsam verlagert werden wie auch je für sich.The invention solves the problem in that both tamping units on each track tamping machine side are assigned at least two guides, in particular slide rods or slide tubes, which are offset from one another in terms of their height and in the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine, the respective outer tamping unit with the guides assigned to it with a Adjustment drive is displaceable transversely to the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine and the inner tamping unit can be displaced on the same guides independently of the outer tamping unit with an adjustment drive transverse to the longitudinal direction of the tamping machine, the guides of the tamping units on opposite sides of the tamping machine resting in a common guide seat. By this embodiment according to the invention achieves a significantly higher vertical rigidity, rigidity in the longitudinal direction of the track and torsional rigidity. In addition, the transverse shifting device allows both units on one side of the machine to be shifted independently, so that the main line and the branching line of a switch can be tamped together. The inner tamping unit can therefore be displaced on the associated guide of the outer tamping unit. Both tamping units can be relocated either together or individually.

Zwischen den seitlichen Hauptträgern des Maschinenrahmens der Gleisstopfmaschine wird gegebenenfalls an einem Träger ein Drehkranz angebracht, dem eine Führungsaufnahme zugeordnet sein kann.Between the lateral main girders of the machine frame of the track tamping machine, a turntable is attached to a girder if necessary, to which a guide receptacle can be assigned.

In dieser Führungsaufnahme sind die Führungen, insbesondere Gleitstangen oder Gleitrohre, gelagert mit denen die seitlich äußeren Aggregatteile fest verbunden sind. Die jeweils inneren Aggregatteile gleiten auf diesen gemeinsamen Gleitstangen oder Gleitrohren. Die Bewegungen werden über Querverschiebeantriebe vorgenommen. Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Ausführung kann das seitlich jeweils innere Aggregat bis zur Begrenzung durch das seitlich jeweils äußere Aggregat quer verschoben werden. Die Gleitstangen oder Gleitrohre der linken und rechten Aggregate sind erfindungsgemäß unabhängig räumlich zueinander so angeordnet, dass sie sich nicht gegenseitig behindern und dass die mindestens jeweils zwei Führungen nicht nur in Gleisstopfmaschinenlängsrichtung sondern auch vertikal höhenmäßig zueinander versetzt vorgesehen sind.The guides, in particular slide rods or slide tubes, with which the laterally outer assembly parts are firmly connected, are mounted in this guide receptacle. The respective inner assembly parts slide on these common slide rods or slide tubes. The movements are carried out via transverse displacement drives. With this embodiment according to the invention, the laterally inner unit can be displaced transversely up to the limit by the laterally outer unit. According to the invention, the slide rods or slide tubes of the left and right units are spatially arranged independently of one another so that they do not interfere with one another and that the at least two guides are provided not only in the longitudinal direction of the track tamping machine but also vertically offset from one another in height.

Vorzugsweise weisen die Aggregatrahmen der Stopfaggregate Freistellungen, insbesondere Löcher, für die Führungen der Stopfaggregate der jeweils anderen Gleisstopfmaschinenseiten auf, um so den zulässigen lichten Raum der Eisenbahngleise bestmöglich auszunutzen. Durch diese Ausführung können erheblich längere Querverstellwege erzielt werden.The assembly frames of the tamping units preferably have clearances, in particular holes, for the guides of the tamping units of the respective other track tamping machine sides, in order to make the best possible use of the permissible clear space of the railroad tracks. This design enables considerably longer transverse adjustment paths to be achieved.

Derartige Gleisstopfmaschinen dienen dem Einrichten und Unterstopfen eines Gleises. Mit einer Querverschiebeeinrichtung können die Stopfaggregate beider Maschinenseiten über den Maschinenrahmen hinaus nach außen verlagert werden. Dadurch können an einer Weichenposition in einem Arbeitsgang sowohl der Hauptstrang als auch der abzweigende Strang bis etwa auf Höhe des Herzstückes vollständig unterstopft werden. Die Querverschiebeeinrichtung mit den quer verschiebbaren Aggregaten ist zudem um die Hochachse drehbar über einen Drehkranz ausgeführt. Durch die mindestens zwei gegenüber der Gleisebene höhenversetzten Gleitführungen wird eine hohe Stabilität der geführten Aggregate erzielt.Such tamping machines are used to set up and tamp a track. The tamping units of both Machine sides are shifted beyond the machine frame to the outside. As a result, both the main strand and the branching strand can be completely stuffed up to approximately the level of the frog at a switch position in one operation. The transverse displacement device with the transversely displaceable units is also designed to be rotatable about the vertical axis via a turntable. Due to the at least two sliding guides that are offset in height with respect to the track level, a high level of stability of the guided units is achieved.

Vorteilhaft bei dieser erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung ist, dass durch die Querverschiebevorrichtung größere Querverschiebewege für die beiden Aggregate einer Seite erzielt werden. Des Weiteren ist vorteilhaft, dass das innere Aggregat einer Seite bis zur Begrenzung durch das äußere Aggregat derselben Seite ausgeschoben werden kann, weshalb in einer Weiche in einem Arbeitsgang sowohl der Hauptstrang als auch der abzweigende Strand bearbeitet werden kann. Die Ausführung höhenversetzter Gleitführungen führt vorteilhafterweise zu einer höheren Steifigkeit der Vorrichtung für die auskragenden Stopfaggregate. Der erfindungsgemäße Einsatz einer Drehkranzvorrichtung erhöht zum anderen den Drehbereich der gesamten Vorrichtung und verspricht auf Grund des einfachen Aufbaus geringere Wartungs- und Kostenaufwände.The advantage of this embodiment according to the invention is that the transverse displacement device achieves greater transverse displacement paths for the two units on one side. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the inner unit on one side can be pushed out to the limit by the outer unit on the same side, which is why both the main strand and the branching strand can be processed in a switch in one operation. The execution of height-offset sliding guides advantageously leads to a higher rigidity of the device for the cantilevered tamping units. The use of a turntable device according to the invention also increases the range of rotation of the entire device and, due to the simple structure, promises lower maintenance and cost outlay.

In den Zeichnungen ist der Erfindungsgegenstand schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine gleisfahrbare Gleisstopfmaschine mit einer Dreh- und Querverschiebeeinrichtung der Aggregate, die Stopfaggregate selbst und die Hebe-Richteinrichtung in Seitenansicht,
Fig. 2
erfindungsgemäße Stopfaggregate mit Dreh- und Querverschiebeeinrichtung in Ansicht,
Fig. 3
einen Aggregatrahmen eines Stopfaggregates in der Seitenansicht,
Fig. 4
eine Konstruktionsvariante eines Aggregatrahmens eines Stopfaggregates in Seitenansicht,
Fig. 5
eine Darstellung der Stopfbereiche des ersten Arbeitsganges in einer Weiche und
Fig. 6
eine Darstellung der Stopfbereiche des zweiten Arbeitsganges in einer Weiche.
The subject matter of the invention is shown schematically in the drawings. Show it
Fig. 1
a track-driven track tamping machine with a rotary and transverse displacement device for the units, the tamping units themselves and the lifting and straightening device in a side view,
Fig. 2
tamping units according to the invention with rotary and transverse displacement device in view,
Fig. 3
an aggregate frame of a tamping aggregate in the side view,
Fig. 4
a design variant of an aggregate frame of a tamping aggregate in side view,
Fig. 5
a representation of the tamping areas of the first operation in a switch and
Fig. 6
a representation of the tamping areas of the second operation in a switch.

Eine Gleisstopfmaschine 22 (Fig. 1) mit Hauptträgern 12 weist Stopfaggregate 41 mit Querverschiebeeinrichtung 1, ein Hebe-Richtaggregat 26 und einen Gleishebeantrieb 25 sowie einen Gleisrichtantrieb 33 auf. 31 zeigt den üblichen Dieselmotor der als Energiequelle dient. 23 und 24 sind die Fahrkabinen, 29 ist eine Arbeitskabine. Die Maschine 22 fährt über die Laufwerke 28 auf den Schienen 30 die ihrerseits auf den zu unterstopfenden Schwellen 31 befestigt sind. Mit den Stopfpickeln 8 die bei der Arbeit in den Schotter eintauchen werden die Schwellen 31 unterstopft. Die Arbeitsrichtung ist durch 32 gegeben. Über die Messwagen 27 und eine Messeinrichtung wird die Gleis-Istlage erfasst und durch Vergleich mit der Gleis-Sollage das Gleis gehoben, gerichtet und in dieser Lage durch Stopfung fixiert. Mit der Drehvorrichtung 14 werden die Stopfaggregate in ihrer Lage parallel zu den in der Weiche schräg liegenden Langschwellen eingerichtet.A track tamping machine 22 ( Fig. 1 ) with main girders 12 has tamping units 41 with transverse displacement device 1, a lifting and straightening unit 26 and a track lifting drive 25 as well as a track straightening drive 33. 31 shows the usual diesel engine that serves as an energy source. 23 and 24 are the driving cabs, 29 is a work cab. The machine 22 travels over the drives 28 on the rails 30, which in turn are fastened to the sleepers 31 to be tamped. The sleepers 31 are tamped with the tamping tines 8 that plunge into the gravel during work. The working direction is given by 32. The actual track position is recorded via the measuring car 27 and a measuring device and, by comparison with the target track position, the track is lifted, straightened and fixed in this position by tamping. With the rotating device 14, the tamping units are set up in their position parallel to the long sleepers which are inclined in the switch.

An den seitlichen Hauptträgern 12 (siehe Fig. 2) der Gleisstopfmaschine 22 ist an Querträgern 13 ein Drehkranz 14 befestigt. Mit diesem Drehkranz 14 kann die gesamte Querführungsreinrichtung um die Hochachse (um mindestens 20°) mittels des Drehantriebes 35 gedreht 15 werden. Am Drehkranz 14 wird an der Unterseite eine Querführungsaufnahme 34 montiert. In der Querführungsaufnahme 34 bewegen sich gleitend die Gleitstangen bzw. Gleitrohre 2 und 3. Die Gleitstangen bzw. Gleitrohre 2, 3 sind mit dem jeweils äußeren Aggregat 37 fest verbunden. Die inneren Aggregate 38 bewegen sich frei innerhalb des Bereiches 36 auf den Gleitstangen bzw. Gleitrohren 2, 3 nur begrenzt durch das jeweils äußere Aggregat 37 und den Anschlag innen der Querführungsaufnahme 34. Die Aggregate 37, 38 werden durch Querantriebe 21 quer verschoben. In den Aggregatrahmen 1 sind Führungsstangen 4 zur vertikalen Führung der Aggregatkästen 5 vorgesehen. Die Aggregate 37, 38 werden durch vertikale Antriebe 9 gehoben und gesenkt. Die Arbeitswerkzeuge, die so genannten Pickel 8, können auf und ab geschwenkt werden 12. Durch die Querverschiebung kann z. B. das innere Aggregat der rechten Seite zuerst die Innenseite links von der Schiene 18 stopfen und anschließend durch Querverschiebung 17 nach außen auch die Außenseite, neben der Schiene 19 gelegen, unterstopfen. Mit dem äußeren Aggregat kann bezüglich des Unterstopfens der Außenschiene 20 des abzweigenden Stranges durch Querverschieben um 39 ebenso verfahren werden. Dadurch kann eine Weichenposition ohne Verfahren der Gleisstopfmaschine 22 zur Gänze unterstopft werden.On the side main beams 12 (see Fig. 2 ) of the track tamping machine 22, a turntable 14 is attached to cross members 13. With this turntable 14, the entire transverse guide device can be rotated 15 about the vertical axis (by at least 20 °) by means of the rotary drive 35. A transverse guide receptacle 34 is mounted on the underside of the turntable 14. The slide rods or slide tubes 2 and 3 move in a sliding manner in the transverse guide receptacle 34. The slide rods or slide tubes 2, 3 are firmly connected to the respective outer unit 37. The inner units 38 move freely within the area 36 on the slide rods or slide tubes 2, 3 only to a limited extent by the respective outer unit 37 and the stop inside the transverse guide receptacle 34. The units 37, 38 are moved transversely by transverse drives 21. In the unit frame 1 guide rods 4 are provided for vertical guidance of the unit boxes 5. The units 37, 38 are raised and lowered by vertical drives 9. The working tools, the so-called pick 8, can be swiveled up and down. B. the inner unit of the right side first the inside to the left of the rail 18 and stuff then also tamp the outside, next to the rail 19, by means of transverse displacement 17 to the outside. The same can be done with the outer unit with regard to the tamping of the outer rail 20 of the branching line by moving it transversely by 39. As a result, a switch position can be completely tamped without moving the track tamping machine 22.

Fig. 3 zeigt schematisch den äußeren Aggregatrahmen 1 mit dem Stopfaggregat 41 in der Seitenansicht. Über die Beistellzylinder 6 werden die Stopfarme 11 um den Punkt 10 gedreht und dabei der Schotter verdichtet. Die Arbeitswerkzeuge, die so genannten Stopfpickel 8 können über die Stopfpickelhalter 40 seitlich verschwenkt werden. Über den Hebe-Senkzylinder 9 wird das Stopfaggregat 41 mit Hilfe der Führungen 4 gesenkt und gehoben. Der Aggregatkasten 5 läuft in den Führungen 4. 21 zeigt die beiden Querverschiebeantriebe des Aggregatrahmens 1. 2 stellt die fixe Verbindung des äußeren Aggregatrahmens 1 mit den Gleitstangen bzw. Gleitrohren dar. 3 sind Bohrungen im äußeren Aggregatrahmen 1 durch die die Gleitstangen bzw. Gleitrohre für die beiden Stopfaggregate der gegenüberliegenden Seite ragen. Im eingefahrenen Zustand stehen aus den Bohrungen 3 die Gleitstangen bzw. Gleitrohre für die gegenüberliegenden Stopfaggregate heraus. Dadurch wird der große Querverschiebeweg durch Ausnutzung des gesamten zulässigen Lichtraumprofils ermöglicht. Durch die gezeigte Anordnung im Dreieck der Führungsstangen bzw. Führungsrohre 2 ergibt sich eine sehr hohe Steifigkeit des Aggregatrahmens 1 gegen Vertikal-, Quer- und Torsionsbewegungen. Fig. 3 shows schematically the outer unit frame 1 with the tamping unit 41 in a side view. The tamping arms 11 are rotated around the point 10 via the auxiliary cylinder 6 and the ballast is compacted in the process. The work tools, the so-called tamping ax 8, can be pivoted to the side via the tamping ax holder 40. The tamping unit 41 is lowered and raised via the raising / lowering cylinder 9 with the aid of the guides 4. The unit box 5 runs in the guides 4. 21 shows the two transverse displacement drives of the unit frame 1. 2 represents the fixed connection of the outer unit frame 1 with the slide rods or slide tubes. 3 are holes in the outer unit frame 1 through which the slide rods or slide tubes for the two tamping units on the opposite side protrude. In the retracted state, the slide rods or slide tubes for the opposite tamping units protrude from the bores 3. This enables the large lateral displacement path by utilizing the entire permissible clearance profile. The arrangement shown in the triangle of the guide rods or guide tubes 2 results in a very high rigidity of the assembly frame 1 against vertical, transverse and torsional movements.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Ausführung des Aggregatrahmens 1 mit nur zwei Führungsstangen bzw. Führungsrohren 2. 4 zeigt die Anordnung der vertikalen Führung für das Stopfaggregat. In 3 sind die Bohrungen im Aggregatrahmen für die Führungsstangen bzw. Führungsrohre der gegenüberliegenden Aggregate zu sehen. Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the unit frame 1 with only two guide rods or guide tubes 2. Fig. 4 shows the arrangement of the vertical guide for the tamping unit. In FIG. 3, the bores in the unit frame for the guide rods or guide tubes of the opposite units can be seen.

Fig. 5 zeigt schematisch die übliche Durchstopfung einer Weiche 50 im ersten Arbeitsgang. Die Arbeitsrichtung ist durch 32 angegeben. Das innere und das äußere Aggregat der in Arbeitsrichtung linken Seite unterstopfen das Gleis links 43 und rechts 42 neben der feldseitigen Schiene 18. Bis zum Bereich der Zunge 51 wird das Gleis der rechten Schiene durch das innere und äußere Aggregat links 44 und rechts 52 von der Schiene 18 des durchgehenden Stranges unterstopft. Nach dem Zungenbereich 51 wird mit dem inneren rechten Stopfaggregat das durchgehende Gleis innen 44 unterstopft. Das äußere rechte Aggregat wird ausgeschwenkt und unterstopft die Innenseite 45 des abzweigenden Stranges 20 bis die Querverschiebung ihre Begrenzung 55 erreicht. Dann schwenkt das äußere Aggregat zurück und stopft den äußeren Bereich 47 des durchgehenden Stranges 18. Fig. 5 shows schematically the usual tamping of a switch 50 in the first operation. The working direction is indicated by 32. The inner and outer units on the left-hand side in the working direction tamp the track on the left 43 and to the right 42 next to the field-side rail 18. Up to the area of the tongue 51, the track of the right-hand rail is tamped under by the inner and outer units on the left 44 and right 52 of the rail 18 of the continuous line. After the tongue area 51, the continuous track inside 44 is tamped with the inner right tamping unit. The outer right unit is swiveled out and stuffs the inside 45 of the branching line 20 until the transverse displacement reaches its limit 55. The outer unit then swivels back and stuffs the outer area 47 of the continuous strand 18.

Fig. 6 zeigt schematisch den zweiten Arbeitsgang der Durchstopfung einer Weiche 50. Die Arbeitsrichtung ist durch 32 angegeben. Die beiden linken Aggregate sind bis zum Herzstück nicht im Einsatz. Das innere Aggregat der rechten Seite unterstopft nun den Außenbereich 46 des durchgehenden Stranges 18 bis zum Herzstück 54. Anschließend unterstopft es die innere Seite 56 der bogenäußeren Schiene 20 des abzweigenden Stranges 56. Ab dem Herzstück kommen die Aggregate der linken Seite wieder zum Einsatz und unterstopfen den äußeren Bereich 53 und den inneren Bereich 48 der bogeninneren Schiene 19 des abzweigenden Stranges. Das äußere Aggregat der rechten Seite unterstopft den Außenbereich 49 der äußeren Schiene 20 des abzweigenden Stranges. Das innere Aggregat der rechten Seite beginnt mit der Stopfung der Innenseite der bogenäußeren Schiene 56 ab dem Bereich 55 bis zu welchem eine Unterstopfung im ersten Arbeitsgang möglich war. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung der Querverschiebeeinrichtung und des damit verbundenen großen Verschwenkbereiches beider Aggregate einer Seite ist es möglich die Durchstopfung einer Weiche in einem Arbeitsgang durch entsprechende Verschwenkbewegungen der rechten Aggregate und Stopfungen nacheinander bis zum Herzstückbereich auszuführen. Die Stabilität der geometrischen Lage der Weiche wird dadurch erhöht. Fig. 6 shows schematically the second work step of tamping a switch 50. The work direction is indicated by 32. The two units on the left are not in use up to the focal point. The inner unit on the right-hand side now tampers the outer area 46 of the continuous strand 18 up to the frog 54. It then tampers the inner side 56 of the outer curved rail 20 of the branching branch 56. From the frog the units on the left-hand side are used again and tamped the outer area 53 and the inner area 48 of the inner curve rail 19 of the branching line. The outer unit on the right-hand side stuffs the outer area 49 of the outer rail 20 of the branching line. The inner unit on the right-hand side begins with the tamping of the inside of the curved outer rail 56 from the area 55 up to which tamping was possible in the first operation. With the inventive design of the transverse displacement device and the associated large pivoting range of both units on one side, it is possible to tamp through a switch in one operation by corresponding pivoting movements of the right units and tamping one after the other to the frog area. This increases the stability of the geometric position of the switch.

Claims (6)

  1. Mechanical tamper (22) for compacting the ballast bed of a track, comprising in each case at least two tamping units (37, 38, 41) for each mechanical tamper side for tamping the track, said tamping units each being able to be displaced transversely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the mechanical tamper by means of a transverse displacement device, and comprising a lifting and aligning device (26) for levelling (25) and aligning (33) the track (18) and optionally the diverging line (19, 20) of a track switch (50), said lifting and aligning device being arranged between rail-bound travelling mechanisms (28) in the working direction (32) preferably in advance of the tamping units (37, 38, 41), characterised in that the two tamping units (37, 38) of each mechanical tamper side are allocated at least two guides, in particular sliding bars or sliding tubes (2, 3), which are offset with respect to one another in relation to their height position and in the longitudinal direction of the mechanical tamper, wherein the respective outer tamping unit (37) together with the guides allocated thereto can be displaced transversely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the mechanical tamper by means of an adjusting drive (21), and wherein the inner tamping unit (38) can be displaced on the same guides, independently of the outer tamping unit (37), transversely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the mechanical tamper by means of an adjusting drive (21), wherein the guides of the tamping units (37, 38, 41) of opposite mechanical tamper sides rest in a common guide receiver (34).
  2. Mechanical tamper as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the positions of the guides of the tamping units (37, 38, 41) of the two mechanical tamper sides are arranged in an offset manner with respect to one another, in particular offset with a gap therebetween.
  3. Mechanical tamper as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the unit frames (1) of the tamping units (37, 38, 41) have clearances, in particular holes (3), for the guides of the tamping units (37, 38, 41) of the respective other mechanical tamper sides.
  4. Mechanical tamper as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that three guides, in particular sliding bars or sliding tubes (2, 3) are allocated to the two tamping units of each side (37, 38) and are offset with respect to one another in relation to their height position and in the longitudinal direction of the mechanical tamper.
  5. Mechanical tamper as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the transverse displacement device is mounted in a rotary bearing allocated to the mechanical tamper (22) for the purpose of rotary adjustment about a vertical axis (15) of the mechanical tamper.
  6. Mechanical tamper as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that the transverse displacement device is fastened to a slewing ring (14) for the purpose of rotary adjustment about a vertical axis (15) of the mechanical tamper, said slewing ring being mounted in a rotatably adjustable manner on a support (13) by means of a rotary drive (35).
EP15793677.4A 2014-10-06 2015-10-06 Tamping machine for compacting the ballast bed of a track Active EP3204557B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ATA50713/2014A AT516311B1 (en) 2014-10-06 2014-10-06 Track tamping machine for compacting the ballast bed of a track
PCT/AT2015/050247 WO2016054667A1 (en) 2014-10-06 2015-10-06 Tamping machine for compacting the ballast bed of a track

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JP (1) JP6563011B2 (en)
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EP3204557A1 (en) 2017-08-16
JP2017530277A (en) 2017-10-12
RU2017115668A3 (en) 2019-02-08
CN107148501A (en) 2017-09-08
CN107148501B (en) 2019-06-04
EP3204557B1 (en) 2018-08-01
US20180274179A1 (en) 2018-09-27
JP6563011B2 (en) 2019-08-21
RU2017115668A (en) 2018-11-13
RU2684882C2 (en) 2019-04-15
WO2016054667A1 (en) 2016-04-14
AT516311B1 (en) 2016-06-15
AT516311A1 (en) 2016-04-15
AU2015330945A1 (en) 2017-04-27
US10240300B2 (en) 2019-03-26

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