EP0386398B1 - Travelling track tamping, levelling and lining machine with a swivelling tamping unit - Google Patents

Abstract

Mobile track tamping, levelling and aligning machine (72) comprising two running-gear units (74), a machine frame (73) and tamping apparatuses (81, 82) which can be adjusted transversely and vertically independently of one another with respect to said frame by means of drives and transverse and vertical guides and are equipped with tamping tools which are displaceable relative to one another in the longitudinal direction of the track, said apparatuses (81, 82) being capable of swivelling approximately parallel to the machine frame (73) and to the track plane. A track-lifting and aligning apparatus (85) having track-lifting and aligning tools (88, 89) which can be acted upon by means of a levelling or alignment reference system via lifting and aligning drives (86, 87) is arranged on the machine (72) together with the tamping apparatuses (81, 82) between two running-gear units (74) which are spaced wide apart. For adjustment to inclined sleepers, the four pairs of tamping tools of the tamping apparatuses (81, 82), provided with their tamping tools in each case being capable of vibration and immersion in the ballast in the region to the left or to the right of the one or other rail (77) for the purpose of tamping under a sleeper (76), are mounted on an intermediate frame (98) which, with respect to the machine frame (73), is designed so as to be rotatable with the aid of a drive (104) about an approximately vertical axis (103) which is formed by the line of intersection of the plane of longitudinal symmetry of the machine with the approximately vertical plane of transverse symmetry passing through the tamping apparatuses. In this arrangement, the tamping apparatuses (81, 82), which can be rotated jointly with the intermediate frame (98) and are equipped with vertical and transverse displacement drives, are arranged on the machine (72) in the working direction immediately in the region ahead of a rear running-gear unit (74) and immediately behind the track-lifting and aligning apparatus (85). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a mobile track tamping, leveling and straightening machine with at least two undercarriages and a machine frame which carries the drive, braking, energy supply and control devices and with which it can be adjusted and operated independently of one another by means of transverse and vertical guides and with tamping units equipped in pairs in the longitudinal direction of the track and vibrating tamping tools, each of which has a unit frame that can be adjusted in height on vertical guides and is mounted on guides on an intermediate frame, which is fastened to the machine frame by means of a drive and can be pivoted about a vertical axis.

Such track tamping, leveling and straightening machines of this so-called compact design - for example according to AT-PS 380 281 by the same applicant or patent holder - have proven particularly effective over the last twenty years compared to machines with a so-called cantilever design, because of the arrangement of the tamping units and of the track lifting / straightening unit between the widely spaced undercarriages, a much more accurate height and lateral correction of the track position is achieved, which additionally results in a gentle bending line of the rails due to the relatively wide undercarriage spacing to avoid inadmissible bending stress on the rails. Also in this known such tamping machine according to AT-PS 380 281 a machine frame is provided which is supported on running gears and which carries the drive, braking, energy supply and control devices. Between two widely spaced bogies - via drives on corresponding vertical or Cross guides, independently of one another, height and cross adjustable tamping units, with tamping tools that can be adjusted and vibrated against each other in pairs in the longitudinal direction of the track and a lifting and straightening drive using a leveling or straightening reference system Track lifting and straightening unit which can be acted upon are arranged. A track lifting and straightening tool is provided for each rail with a lifting hook that can be adjusted in height and to the side, and a pair of flanged rollers that can be pressed onto the inside of the rail via directional drives. The machine has two tamping units that can be adjusted or adjusted independently of one another to the machine frame, each of which is equipped with tamping tool pairs equipped on the left and right of the rail for immersion in the ballast bed. A further adaptation to track obstacles is achieved by the additional swiveling design of the tamping pick provided individually or in pairs per tamping tool. This known track tamping machine can therefore be used essentially in points as well as in route sections without retrofitting work.

The machine according to AT-PS 380 281 is, however, also designed for continuous non-stop use, and for this purpose a tool frame is arranged between the trolleys, which can be displaced in relation to the machine frame in the longitudinal direction, and which fits with its The front end is longitudinally movable and articulated on the machine frame and its rear end supports it directly on the track via its own support and guide chassis. The tamping units with their tamping tool pairs, which can be adjusted horizontally or vertically to the machine frame, and the track lifting and straightening unit are arranged directly on the tool frame. Such machine types have proven themselves in practice and have practically created a new tamping technology, since the separation of tool frame and machine frame enables continuous driving on the one hand and cyclical tamping on the other, with only about 20 to 30% of the machine mass accelerating in the tamping rhythm or have to be decelerated and vibrations, especially the accelerations and decelerations caused by the work cycle, are largely kept away from the operators. Furthermore, with these Machine types that have never been achieved before. With this machine design, however, extensive tamping of difficult switch sections is possible, for example, in such a way that the support and guide undercarriage together with the tool frame and the tamping, lifting and straightening unit for a larger lateral swiveling in the initial area of the branch track is moved while the machine frame remains on the main track. With the design of the machine for continuous non-stop use, the modern compact design was also retained, which has made this compact design even more advantageous in practice. Practically all modern track leveling, tamping and straightening machines of the past ten years, especially for the machining of high-speed lines, where particularly high accuracy is required, have such a construction.

It is further known - according to AT-PS 379 625 by the same applicant or patent owner - a tamping unit type, according to which two tamping units each assigned to a rail can be moved independently of one another on the machine frame or on the tool frame of such track tamping machines of the compact design via their own operations are arranged. Each of these tamping units has so-called double pimples connected to the tamping tools for immersion to the left or right of a rail, each of which can be adjusted in height independently of one another via its own operation. This gives the possibility that each of the tamping tools that can be immersed in the ballast on the left or right of one or the other rail can also be individually adjusted in height with its respective double pick in relation to possible obstacles in the track.

There are now - for example according to DE-OS 20 23 964, GB-OS 2 201 178 A and GB-PS 1 213 381 - also track tamping machines with tamping units of the older compact design with cantilever arrangement of the tamping units on the machine frame. Such Machines are usually also of a smaller design and often only have tamping units or tamping tools and no track lifting and leveling tools and no reference systems for leveling and leveling. With these machines it is also in no way possible to achieve an exact position correction with simultaneous or immediately subsequent consolidation of this exact target position of the track, in particular also not in switch areas.

From DE-B-1 173 922 the features mentioned in the introductory part of the main claim are already known. Due to the pivotable mounting of the intermediate frame, the two tamping units, which can be moved independently of one another, can also be adapted to inclined sleepers in the switch area. However, the usability of this tamping machine is limited on the one hand by the use of only two tamping units and on the other hand by the arrangement of the intermediate frame between the driving cabin and the tamping units.

The tamping units of the track tamping machine with a projecting construction - for example according to FIG. 17 according to DE-A-20 23 964 by the same applicant or patent holder - are designed with a hydraulic vibration drive and as universal construction or tamping tool units. These are formed on each side of a rail, in particular are mounted so as to be height-adjustable Stuffing tool groups or assemblies can each be configured or mounted and arranged to the groups or assemblies formed on the other rail side or track side independently of one another or jointly sideways, essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis of the track (pages 13 and 14 of this literature reference ). With such an optional arrangement of these construction or tamping tool units for a track tamping machine, it is necessary to adapt them to special track installations, for example guide rails, guide rails or the like. possible without having to put up with interruptions or delays in the workflow. These tamping tool units, which are each provided on opposite sides of a rail, can be adjusted in their spacing from one another, since they are displaceably mounted relative to one another, for example on a common support frame on guide rails, as also FIG. 13 of this literature reference in Connection with the note in the description shows pages 14 and 15, wherein several such tamping tool units, that is to say four tamping tool units immediately adjacent in the transverse direction, which are each intended for plunging to the left or right of one or the other rail, are independent of one another can be designed to be transverse displaceable. According to further features, the tamping tools, which can be immersed in the ballast on one or both sides of a rail, are designed with their tool carrier as a common structural unit to be pivotable about a vertical axis of rotation lying in the plane of symmetry of this structural unit, so that they can also be placed on inclined sleepers. With such a design, slight inclinations of a threshold can be compensated, with one and / or also the other tamping tool unit assigned to one or the other rail to the threshold Twist is adjusted, but this creates a non-parallel position of the tamping pick to the threshold. An adaptation to a stronger inclination of a threshold is not possible with this training.

The - according to GB-OS 2 201 178 A - known tamping machine with cantilever type, in which a tamping unit arrangement on the front of a vehicle, i.e. is attached to the vehicle in a cantilevered design over the front chassis, has - as already cited in the AT-PS 367 479 as prior art in claim 1 - four independently height-adjustable stuffing units via its own drives, two of which are assigned to a rail are and wherein all four tamping units are independently displaceable on their own drives on a guide frame. No lifting and straightening units are provided on the machine for correcting the track position. Such a cantilevered construction, particularly in the early days of the tamping machine development, in which lifting and straightening units were often also provided in the cantilevered part, is associated with the disadvantage of only slight track elevation and relatively inaccurate track leveling or alignment. Especially in the difficult and weighty and also very complex switch sections with regard to the track lifting, the requirements for the accuracy of the track position correction are very high, which is therefore only satisfactory only by machines of the compact design described at the beginning with tamping, lifting and straightening units arranged between widely spaced undercarriages are achievable.

According to GB-PS 1 213 381, it is another track tamping machine with a cantilevered design and from each other independent transverse displaceable arrangement of a total of two height-adjustable tamping unit units each associated with a rail. These are mounted on a tool frame projecting over the foremost machine undercarriage, which can be pivoted about a vertical axis of rotation to the machine frame, in a transverse sliding path so that the tamping tools can be adapted to the changing rail spacing in switches are. This version is - apart from the disadvantages of a cantilevered construction already mentioned above - structurally complex and also has the disadvantage of inaccurate centering of the tamping tools over the threshold to be tamped, since the axis of rotation of the tool frame from the center of the transverse sliding path in a relatively large extent stock is arranged. In particular, there is also the disadvantage that the inaccurate adjustment means that the tamping tools do not come to lie parallel to the inclined threshold, which means that good tamping cannot be achieved.

The object of the invention is to provide a mobile track tamping, leveling and straightening machine of the type described in the introduction, which can also be used in difficult track areas, for example in switch sections or in tracks with inaccurate threshold spacings or with inclined sleepers with which a quicker, easier and, in particular, precise adaptation of the tamping tools for the immersion process in the ballast can be achieved.

This object is achieved according to the invention with a mobile track tamping, leveling and straightening machine of the type described in the introduction in that a total of four pairs of tamping tool pairs connected to independent height and transverse displacement, each with its own height and transverse adjustment drives articulated on the unit or intermediate frame of the tamping units are provided next to each other in the cross-machine direction, the one running parallel to the plane of the track Level extending intermediate frame is arranged above the tamping units and the axis is located in the line of intersection of the machine longitudinal symmetry plane with the vertical transverse symmetry plane leading through the tamping units, and that the tamping units provided together with a track lifting and straightening unit between two carriages spaced far apart are arranged in the working direction directly in the area in front of a rear undercarriage and immediately behind the track lifting and straightening unit on the machine. Such a design of the tamping units enables a more precise and, above all, more uniform centering of the four independently displaceable pairs of tamping tools in connection with the greatest possible tamping of inclined sleepers in switch sections. The arrangement of the intermediate frame above the tamping units means that they can be used or used without any significant change to their previous advantageous design, and moreover a completely unrestricted view from the work cabin onto the tamping tools is ensured. With the special central arrangement of the axis of rotation of the intermediate frame, all tamping tool pairs can be centered in a simple and rapid manner exactly over the longitudinal center line of the inclined threshold, so that their tamping while avoiding their own time-consuming centering process for each individual tamping unit - Unit can be carried out quickly and evenly. With the design according to the invention, in particular, a parallel position of the tamping pick plates to the inclined threshold is always achieved when twisted, as a result of which the tamping process and thus the tamping quality are not adversely affected.

An advantageous further development of the invention consists in the fact that the tamping units, which can be rotated about the axis with their intermediate frame with their intermediate frame, can be moved relatively to one of the machine frames in the longitudinal direction of the track via an operation - preferably with one end supported by a chassis and with it other end at Machine frames are arranged longitudinally displaceably mounted tool frames. With this training, a machine is created which, in continuous (non-stop) mode of operation with the known advantages of separating the tool frame from the machine frame, can in particular run continuously and stuff cyclically - with only a small part of the machine mass accelerating in the stopping rhythm or must be delayed - and can also be used with step-by-step feed from threshold to threshold with the advantages described above in the track. However, this particularly advantageous rotatable arrangement of the intermediate frame and the associated tamping units on a longitudinally displaceable tool frame also enables continuous performance of the tamping machine, which is very advantageous in terms of performance, with step-by-step advance of only the tool and intermediate frame together with the tamping units. In this context, with a faster approach to work, it is also of particular advantage if rapid and accurate centering of all tamping units can now be achieved for a largely undisturbed continuous workflow even when the inclined threshold deviates from the normal position.

According to a further feature of the invention, the intermediate frame connected to the transverse guides and the four tamping unit units is designed in the transverse direction to be supported on the machine or tool frame by means of guide supports and with at least one rotary drive and the four transverse adjusters -Drives connected, preferably four guide rollers rotatable about approximately vertical axes are provided for centering or abutment on an at least circular segment-shaped guide surface of the machine or tool frame on the intermediate frame. This structurally relatively simple, but robust design of the intermediate frame enables a full and accurate contact and precise rotation around the by the guide rollers against the circular segment-shaped guide surfaces in any position axis forming the center of the guide surfaces, the end guide supports guaranteeing a secure support in connection with the machine or tool frame.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention also consists in the fact that the intermediate frame connected to the displaceable tamping unit units essentially has a rectangular cross-sectional shape extending over the entire machine frame width and in the area of its four corners with its guide supports on corresponding guide bearings of the Machine or tool frame is rotatably mounted. Through this training, the intermediate frame is in the simplest and most advantageous manner while maintaining already proven Machine or tool frame designs can be supported on their lateral longitudinal bars in the area of the guide bearings, both the supporting forces during the tamping process and the high forces occurring when the tamping tools penetrate the ballast in a safe manner are transferable.

According to a particularly expedient embodiment of the invention, the guide supports and the guide bearings are designed for the intermediate frame to be rotatable by at least 10 to 20 °. This rotatable design in such an angular range corresponds to the maximum inclined position of the long sleepers located in the switch sections or also the inclined sleepers in sections of the route, so that the intermediate frame with the tamping unit units can be easily adapted to the sleeper position for precise centering of the darning legs.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention further consists in that the two tamping tool pairs, each of which can be acted upon by its own vibration drive, of the two tamping unit units, each associated with a rail and rotatable together to form the machine or tool frame, with their respective slidably mounted on the transverse guide Unit frames - each projecting on the longitudinal side facing away from one another via their unit frame in the transverse direction, preferably the two tamping unit units assigned to a rail - for a common transverse displacement of the two immediately adjacent pairs of tamping tools - can be connected with a preferably mechanical coupling are. Such a projecting design of all four pairs of tamping tools enables not only the simple construction but also a better view or monitoring by the operator For a quick and precise twisting of the intermediate frame to center the tamping pick especially over an inclined threshold. With the coupling arrangement, a quick connection between the two tamping unit units located above a rail can be produced for the simplified tamping of a track, which can be quickly released again in the presence of track obstacles or with long sleepers for independent transverse displacement of the units.

Finally, according to an advantageous further development of the invention, the tamping tools of the tamping units or tamping unit units, which can be adjusted transversely and in height and can be rotated relative to the machine or tool frame, are equipped with tamping axes, preferably double tamping axes, which are each pivoted laterally about axes running in the machine longitudinal direction and are each connected to their own, preferably hydraulic, side pivot drive. Due to this special, known side-pivoting design of the tamping pick, in conjunction with the rotatability of the tamping unit units and their independent height and transverse displacement, they are even more dependent on the respective track conditions or the irregularities of the rail and sleeper arrangements for a continuous Customizable track filling. In particular, long sleepers can be tamped with the tamping tools not only individually due to the transverse displacement, but also individually thanks to the pivotability and, if necessary, even further into the intermediate area up to the siding.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to two exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.

• Fig.1 eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Gleisstopf-, Nivellier- und Richtmaschine mit längsverschiebbarem Werkzeug-Rahmen zum kontinuierlichen (non-stop) Einsatz, mit zwischen zwei weit voneinander distanzierten Fahrwerken auf einem drehbaren Zwischen-Rahmen angeordneten, vier voneinander unabhängig querverschieb- und höhenverstellbaren Stopfaggregat-Einheiten,
• Fig.2 eine teilweise schematische Draufsicht auf die erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Maschine gemäß Fig.1, wobei jedoch die mit dem Zwischen-Rahmen verbundenen, unabhängig voneinander querverschiebbaren Stopfaggregat-Einheiten zur Anpassung an eine schrägliegende Schwelle in bezug auf die senkrecht zur Längs-Mittel-Linie der Maschine verlaufende Querrichtung verdreht dargestellt sind,
• Fig.3 eine vergrößerte Detail-Draufsicht auf die mit dem Zwischen-Rahmen verbundenen vier Stopfaggregat-Einheiten gemäß Fig.1,
• Fig.4 eine vergrößerte Seiten-Ansicht des mit den Stopfaggregat-Einheiten verbundenen verdrehbaren Zwischen-Rahmens gemäß Pfeil IV in Fig.3,
• Fig.5 einen vergrößerten Querschnitt durch die Stopfaggregat-Einheiten und den Zwischen-Rahmen gemäß der Linie V-V in Fig.3,
• Fig.6 eine schematische Draufsicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispieles einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Stopfmaschine in Kompaktbauweise zum schrittweisen Einsatz mit vier auf einem Zwischen-Rahmen angeordneten, voneinander unabhängig querverschieb- und höhenverstell- sowie verdrehbaren Stopfaggregat-Einheiten - die auch seitenverschwenkbare Stopfwerkzeuge aufweisen können,
• Fig.7 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch die Stopfmaschine gemäß der Linie VII-VII in Fig.6, wobei die rechte Zeichnungshälfte eine Stopfaggregat-Ausführung mit diesen zusätzlich seitenverschwenkbaren Stopfwerkzeugen zeigt.

Show it:

• 1 shows a side view of a track tamping, leveling and straightening machine designed in accordance with the invention with a longitudinally displaceable tool frame for continuous (non-stop) use, with two spaced-apart undercarriages arranged on a rotatable intermediate frame, four independently of one another and displaceable height-adjustable tamping unit,
• 2 shows a partially schematic plan view of the machine designed according to the invention according to FIG. 1, but with the tamping unit units connected to the intermediate frame, which can be displaced independently of one another, to adapt to an inclined threshold with respect to the perpendicular to the longitudinal center line the transverse direction of the machine is shown rotated,
• 3 shows an enlarged detailed top view of the four tamping unit units according to FIG. 1 connected to the intermediate frame,
• 4 shows an enlarged side view of the rotatable intermediate frame connected to the tamping unit units according to arrow IV in FIG. 3,
• 5 shows an enlarged cross section through the tamping unit and the intermediate frame along the line VV in FIG. 3,
• 6 shows a schematic plan view of a further exemplary embodiment of a tamping machine designed according to the invention in a compact design for step-by-step use with four tamping unit units which are arranged on an intermediate frame and can be displaced and height-adjusted and rotated independently of one another and which can also have tamping tools which can be pivoted to the side,
• 7 shows a schematic cross section through the tamping machine according to the line VII-VII in FIG. 6, the right half of the drawing showing a tamping unit design with these additional side-pivoting tamping tools.

A track tamping, leveling and straightening machine 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a machine frame 4, supported on two carriages 2, 3, which are spaced far apart from one another, with driving cabs 5 arranged at the ends. A travel drive 11 connected to an energy center 10 is provided for the movability on a track 9 formed from rails 6, 7 and cross sleepers 8. A working cabin 13 with a central control device 14 is provided in the working direction of the tamping machine 1 in front of the rear running gear 3, represented by an arrow 12. Between the two trolleys 2, 3 of the tamping machine 1 there is a drawbar-shaped tool frame 15 which is mounted with its front end longitudinally displaceable on the machine frame 4 and with its rear end via a support and guide trolley 16 on the track 9. To create a universal leveling, track tamping and leveling machine 1 are arranged between the two trolleys 2 and 16, each with their own drives, independently of one another, height-adjustable and cross-displaceable tamping units 17 and 18 with auxiliary drives 19, 20, each with its own tamping unit 21 to 24, each in the area to the left and right of one or the other rail 6.7 for tamping a threshold 8 in the ballast immersible and vibrating tamping tool pairs 25 to 28. Both tamping units 17 and 18 are connected to a rotatable intermediate frame 29 and are mounted such that they can be displaced transversely on transverse guides 30 which run transversely to the machine longitudinal direction. Each tamping unit 21 to 24 is mounted on its own individual height guides 31 such that it can be moved in height and is connected to its own height adjustment drive 32. Immediately in front of the tamping unit units 21 to 24, a track lifting and straightening unit 33 with lifting hooks 34 and lifting rollers 35, which can be adjusted and adjusted via drives, and straightening flange roller tools 36 are provided, the lifting hooks 34 for lifting the track 9 with the rails 6 , 7 are engaged and the lifting rollers 35 are pivoted up. The track lifting straightening unit 33, which can be moved via the straightening flanged rollers 36 on the track 9, is mounted on the tool frame 15 so as to be longitudinally displaceable by means of a drive 37, so that the lifting hooks 34 can always be lowered between two adjacent sleepers when attacking under the rail foot in a stepwise manner. The lifting and straightening forces are transmitted using a leveling or straightening reference system 38 and by means of lifting and straightening drives 39, 40 supported on the tool frame 15. The tamping unit units 21 to 24 which can be rotated with their intermediate frame 29 for the machine frame 4 are arranged on the tool frame 15 which is relatively displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the machine frame 4 via a drive 41 and which is located at its rear end on the Chassis 16 and with its front end on a longitudinal guide 42 on the machine frame 4 is supported for longitudinal displacement.

As can be seen in particular in FIG. 2, the intermediate frame 29 together with the four independently displaceable tamping unit units 21 to 24 can be rotated about an approximately vertical axis 43 - as will be described in more detail in the following figures - so that the tamping tool -Pairs 25 to 28 are automatically centered with respect to an inclined threshold 8 regardless of their respective transverse position. In addition, the tamping unit 22 and 24 are shifted from their normal position so that the corresponding tamping tool pairs 26 and 28 can be lowered into the ballast despite a wheel link located next to the left rail 7 and a switch box located next to the right rail 6 . This means that inclined thresholds that occur due to loosening of the fastening means in route sections or also in switch sections are problem-free and without interruption of the work flow even with continuous (non-stop) work approach of the tamping machine 1 and simultaneous step-by-step advance of the tool frame 15 together with the tamping unit units 21 to 24 can be plugged from threshold to threshold. Due to the rotatable design according to the invention, a parallel position of the tamping pick plates to the inclined threshold is always achieved, so that the tamping process and thus the tamping quality are not adversely affected. After tamping or position fixing of the track 9 in the correct track position raised and precisely aligned by the track lifting / straightening unit 33, the intermediate frame 29 together with the tamping unit units 21 to 24 is immediately returned to a normal, with the Transverse guides 30 rotated at an angle of 90 ° to the machine longitudinal line position, so that the next following normally lying threshold can also be tamped without interrupting the work flow while the tamping machine 1 is moving forward.

As can be seen in particular in FIG. 3, in order to adapt to inclined sleepers, the four tamping unit units 21 to 24 are each immersed in the ballast in the area on the left or right of one or the other rail 6, 7 for tamping a threshold 8. and vibratable tamping tool pairs 25, 26, 27, 28 are mounted on the intermediate frame 29. For the sake of simplicity, the tamping units 17, 18 or all four tamping unit units 21 to 24 and the threshold 8 to be tamped are shown exactly perpendicular to the machine longitudinal direction. The intermediate frame 29 can be rotated relative to the machine frame 4 about an approximately vertical axis 43 which runs through the cutting line of a machine longitudinal symmetry plane 44 with an approximately vertical transverse symmetry plane 45 leading through the tamping unit units 21 to 24 with the aid of two drives 46 - In both directions according to the double arrow shown in the drawing - trained. The tamping units 17 and 18 mounted on the intermediate frame 29 and each assigned to a rail 6, 7 with their respective auxiliary drives 19 and 20 are designed as four tamping unit units 21 to 24 arranged between the two undercarriages 2,16, which with their Darning tool pairs 25 to 28, each with their own hydraulic height and cross adjustment drives 32, 47 to 50 for independent height and cross adjustment and the common cross guide 30. The intermediate frame 29 connected to the transverse guides 30 and the four tamping unit units 21 to 24 is in the transverse direction at the end on the tool frame 15 by means of guide supports 51 and connected to the two rotary drives 46 and the four transverse adjustment drives 47 to 50. On the intermediate frame 29, four guide rollers 53, which can be rotated about vertical axes 52, are provided for centering or contacting a guide surface 54 of the tool frame 15 in the form of a segment of a circle. The intermediate frame 29 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape that extends over the entire width of the machine frame and is rotatably mounted in the region of its four corners with the guide supports 51 on corresponding guide bearings 55 of the tool frame 15. The guide supports 51 and the guide bearings 55 are designed so that the intermediate frame 29 can be rotated by an angle α of at least 10 to 20 °, preferably approximately 16 °. Two cross members 56 running parallel to one another or transversely to the machine longitudinal direction and connected to the two transverse guides 30 are connected to a central longitudinal member 57, which in turn is coupled to the rotary drives 46 articulated to the tool frame 15 is.

As shown in particular in FIG. 4, the guide bearings 55 used to support the intermediate frame 29 are approximately U-shaped and fastened to the underside of the tool frame 15 via screw connections 58. The two crossbeams 56 rest with their end sections, which are designed as guide supports 51, on the guide bearings 55, the guide rollers 53 fastened to the underside of the crossbeams 56 abutting against the guide surfaces 54 of the guide bearings 55 which are designed in the form of a segment of a circle. This ensures that the heavy intermediate frame 29, together with the four, moves independently of one another cash tamping unit 21 to 24 quickly, easily and exactly about the vertical axis 43 is rotated according to the angle of inclination of the inclined sleepers. Since the end regions of the guide supports 51 are each connected to the transverse guides 30 via vertical connecting elements 59, a completely unhindered and independent transverse displacement of the four tamping unit units 21 to 24 is independent of the rotational movement of the intermediate frame 29 with the aid of the respective transverse adjustment -Drives 47 to 50 feasible. The outermost left and right positions of the tamping unit 17 after maximum rotation of the intermediate frame 29 are indicated by dash-dotted lines. The transverse guide 30 of the tamping unit units 21 to 24 is composed of two guide rails 60, 61 running parallel to one another and transverse to the machine longitudinal direction.

As can be seen in FIG. 5, each tamping unit 21 to 24 is mounted on its own unit frame 62 to 65 and on its own individual height guides 31, 66, 67 connected to the respective unit frame 62 to 65 and 68 independently height adjustable. The two tamping tool pairs 25, 26 and 27, 28, each of which can be acted upon by its own vibration drive 69, of the two tamping unit units 21 to 24, each of which is assigned to a rail 6, 7 and can be displaced independently of one another, are displaceable over their respective ones on the transverse guide 30 Mounted unit frame 62 to 65 each arranged on the long side facing away from one another in the transverse direction. For a common transverse displacement of the two immediately adjacent pairs of tamping tools 25, 26 and 27, 28, the corresponding two unit frames 62 and 63 or 64 and 65 are provided by a mechanical coupling 70 indicated by a broken line interconnectable. The transverse adjustment drives 47 to 50 are each connected on the one hand to one of the four unit frames 62 to 65 and on the other hand each to the longitudinal support 57 of the intermediate frame 29. The two drives 46 for rotating the intermediate frame 29 are fastened on the one hand to the tool frame 15 and on the other hand to the two ends of the longitudinal support 57. The two guide bars 60, 61 of the transverse guide 30 are supported in the center by a bearing support 71 connected to the intermediate frame 29. Each tamping tool pair 25 to 28 each have double tamping picks 25 ', 25˝ or 26', 26˝ or 27 ', 27˝ and 28', 28˝ that can be provided in the machine longitudinal direction.

As soon as a track obstacle in the form of, for example, a wheel control arm next to the left rail 7 or a switch box next to the right rail 6 or the like. is present, the tamping unit 22 and 24 located above these obstacles each independently of the adjacent unit 21, 23 by acting on the corresponding transverse adjustment drive 48 and 50 until the two associated double tamping axes 26 ', 26' or 28 ', 28˝ to come to the side next to the obstacle to the track and can thus be freely immersed in the ballast. If, in addition, the cross sleeper to be tamped is at an angle to the machine or track longitudinal direction that deviates from the right angle, then it can also be easily tamped independently of any track obstacles by the two drives 46 for a corresponding rotation of the intermediate frame 29 together with the four tamping units -Units 21 to 24 are applied. This means that all double tamping picks are automatically parallel to the long side of the sleeper for even tamping aligned. All transverse shifting, turning and vertical shifting movements of the four tamping unit units 21 to 24 can be carried out independently of one another via the corresponding drives 46 or 47 to 50 or 32.

A track tamping, leveling and straightening machine 72 of the compact design shown schematically in FIGS. 6 and 7 has an elongated machine frame 73 with two carriages 74 spaced far apart from one another and a travel drive 75 and is formed on one of transverse sleepers 76 and rails 77 Track 78 movable. A branch track 79 with switch tongues 80 is shown for a better understanding of the use of this step-by-step moving tamping machine in switch sections. Two tamping units 81, 82, each associated with a rail, with height adjustment drives 83, 84, and a track-lifting straightening unit 85 are arranged between the two carriages 74, which are spaced far apart from one another. This is height and side adjustable via lifting and straightening drives 86, 87 and has height and side adjustable lifting hooks 88 as well as lifting rollers 89 and a straightening flange axle. Both tamping units 81, 82 have four tamping unit units 90 to 93 designed for independent vertical and transverse displacement, each with tamping tools that can be provided and vibrated. These tamping unit units 90 to 93 are each connected to their own transverse displacement drive 94 to 97 for independent transverse displacement, each of which is attached to an intermediate frame 98 at its other end. This is supported at the end in each case on guide bearings 99 which are connected to the machine frame 73 and are designed in the form of a segment of a circle. For storing the intermediate frame 98 on the circular segment-shaped guide surfaces of the guide bearings 99 guide rollers 100 connected to the intermediate frame 98 and rotatable about vertical axes are provided. Also connected to the intermediate frame 98 are two transverse guides 101 which run parallel or transversely to the machine longitudinal direction and on which the four individual unit frames 102 of the four tamping unit units 90 to 93 are mounted such that they can be moved. To rotate the intermediate frame 98 relative to the machine frame 73 about a central vertical axis 103, drives 104 are provided which are connected on the one hand to the machine frame 73 and on the other hand to a longitudinal support of the intermediate frame 98 which runs in the machine longitudinal direction. The tamping tools of the tamping unit 82 or the two tamping unit units 92 and 93, which can be adjusted transversely and vertically and rotated relative to the machine frame 73, and the two tamping unit units 92 and 93 are equipped with double tamping picks 105, 106, each pivoted laterally about axes running in the machine longitudinal direction and each with its own hydraulic Side swivel drive 107,108 are connected. In FIG. 7, the two tamping unit units 90 and 91 belonging to the two tamping unit units 90 and 91 shown on the left are - in contrast to the tamping tools shown in the right half of the drawing only by way of example - not to be pivoted sideways, but rigidly with the tamping tools for an auxiliary movement connected in the machine longitudinal direction.

As soon as the tamping machine 72 moves over the branch track 79, in which "track obstacles" in the form of switch tongues 80 occur, as shown in particular by the double tamping picks 109, 110 and 105, 106 in the left part of FIG. 6, those above the switch tongues 80 the coming tamping unit 91 and 93 are moved until the assigned double tamping picks 110 and 106 on the other long side of the switch tongue 80 can be immersed in the ballast. The side-pivotable double tamping ax 105 and 106 have the advantage that the increasingly narrow space between the switch tongue 80 and the adjacent rail 77 can also be tamped with only one tamping ax, while the adjacent double tamping ax by the corresponding side pivoting drive 107 or 108 is briefly pivoted to the side in an out-of-operation position. As soon as the space between the switch tongue 80 and the rail 77 becomes too small even for a single double tamping pick, the entire tamping unit 93 is moved laterally until both double tamping pick 106 in the lower working position can be immersed again unhindered in the ballast are. This transverse displacement takes place by correspondingly acting on the respective transverse displacement drive 96. If the threshold to be tamped is inclined, ie at an angle greater or less than 90 ° to the machine or track longitudinal axis, the two rotary drives 104 are acted upon a rotation of the intermediate frame 98 about the vertical axis 103. In this way, the four tamping unit units 90 to 93 can be centered quickly and very precisely with respect to the center line of the inclined threshold in order to Align darning ax 105,106 or 109,110 - for an even tamping and position fixation - parallel to the long side of the sleeper.

With such a tamping machine designed according to the invention, the tamping tools can be adapted more quickly, simply and more precisely for the plunging process into the ballast, in particular also with inclined ones Sleepers, achievable. It is particularly advantageous that by simply rotating the intermediate frame 29, 98 connected to the tamping unit units 21 to 24 or 90 to 93, all tamping picks are automatically aligned parallel to the longitudinal direction of the oblique threshold during the approach to the next threshold or centered. Thanks to the rotatable design of an intermediate frame between the trolleys of a track tamping machine designed in a tried and tested compact design, the tried and tested tamping units can be used without restricting their height and transverse movement.

Claims (7)

1. Track tamping, levelling and aligning machine (1) comprising at least two undercarriages (2, 3) and a machine frame (4; 73) carrying the drive, brake, power supply and control means; and comprising tamping units (17, 18; 81; 82) which are equipped with vibratable tamping tools adjustable in pairs relative to one another longitudinally of the track and which are adjustable transversely and vertically with respect to the machine frame independently of one another and by means of drives and transverse and vertical guides, these tamping units each having a unit frame (62 - 65) which is vertically adjustable on vertical guides (31) and being mounted transversely displaceably on guides on an intermediate frame (29; 98) which is secured with the aid of a drive (46; 104) to the machine frame (4; 73) such that it is pivotal about a vertical axis (43; 103), characterized in that a total of four pairs (25 - 28) of tamping tools of the tamping units (17, 10; 01, 02), for mutually independent vertical and transverse displacement, are each connected to separate vertical and transverse adjustment drives (32, 47-50; 94-97) linked to the unit or intermediate frame (62-65, 29; 98) and are provided next to one another in the transverse direction of the machine, the intermediate frame (29; 98) extending along a plane running parallel to the plane of the track being arranged above the tamping units (17, 18; 81, 82), and the axis (43; 103) lying in the intersection line of the plane (44) of longitudinal symmetry of the machine and the vertical plane (45) of transverse symmetry through the tamping units (17, 18, 81, 82), and in that the tamping units (17, 18; 81, 82) which are provided, together with a track lifting and aligning unit (33; 85), between two undercarriages spaced for apart from one another are arranged, as seen in the direction of operation, directly in the region in front of a rear undercarriage (16; 74) and directly behind the track lifting and aligning unit (33; 85) on the machine (1; 72).
2. Machine according to Claim 1, characterised in that the tamping units (17, 18) which are rotatable about the axis (43) relative to the machine frame (4) by means of their intermediate frame (29) are arranged on a tool frame (15) which is displaceable relative to the machine frame (4) in the longitudinal direction of the track by way of a drive (41) and is preferably supportable at one end by way of an undercarriage (16) and mounted longitudinally displaceably at its other end on the machine frame (4).
3. Machine according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the intermediate frame (29; 98) connected to the transverse guides (30; 101) and the four tamping unit components (21-24; 90-93) is constructed to be supportable in a transverse direction at each of its ends on the machine or tool frame (15; 73) by means of guide supports (51), and is connected to at least one rotation drive (46; 104) and the four transverse adjustment drives (47-50; 94-97), and in that preferably four guide rollers (53) rotatable about approximately vertical axes (52) are provided on the intermediate frame (29; 98) for centring or bearing against an at least circle-segment-shaped guide surface (54) of the machine or tool frame (15; 73).
4. Machine according to Claim 3, characterized in that the intermediate frame (29) connected to the displaceable tamping unit components (20-24) substantially has a rectangular cross-sectional shape extending over the entire width of the machine frame and, in the region of its four corners, is rotatably mounted by means of its guide supports (51) on corresponding guide bearings (55) of the machine or tool frame (15).
5. Machine according to Claim 4, characterized in that the guide supports (51) and the guide bearings (55) are constructed for rotatably of the intermediate frame (29) through at least 10 to 20°.
6. Machine according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the two tamping tool pairs (25, 26, 27, 28) of the two tamping unit components (21, 22, 23, 24) each assigned to a rail (6, 7) and rotatable together with respect to the machine or tool frame, each of these tamping tool pairs (25, 26, 27, 28) being capable of being acted upon by a separate vibration drive (69), are arranged to overhang in the transverse direction their unit frames (62-65) in each case on the mutually remote longitudinal side, by means of their respective unit frames (62-65) mounted to be displaceable on the transverse guides (30), the two tamping unit components (21-24) associated with one rail (6 and 7 respectively) preferably being connectable to a preferably mechanical coupling (70) - for common transverse displacement of the two directly adjacent pairs of tamping tools (25, 26 and 27, 28).
7. Machine according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tamping tools of the tamping units or tamping unit components (81, 82 and 90-93) which are adjustable transversely and vertically and rotatable with respect to the machine or tool frame (73) are equipped with tamping tines, preferably double tamping tines (105, 106, 109, 110) which are each mounted to be laterally pivotal about axes extending in the longitudinal direction of the machine and are each connected to a separate, preferably hydraulic lateral pivot drive (107, 108).

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