Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
  • B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
  • B60H1/2221—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters arrangements of electric heaters for heating an intermediate liquid
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
  • F24H1/0072—Special adaptations
  • F24H1/009—Special adaptations for vehicle systems
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
  • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
  • F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
  • F24H1/14—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form
  • F24H1/142—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form using electric energy supply
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
  • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
  • H05B1/0227—Applications
  • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
  • H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
  • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
  • H05B1/0227—Applications
  • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
  • H05B1/0244—Heating of fluids
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
  • F24H2250/04—Positive or negative temperature coefficients, e.g. PTC, NTC

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an electric fluid heating device for a motor vehicle and a method for controlling this device.
• the invention applies more particularly to heating and / or air conditioning apparatus for motor vehicles comprising such a heating device.
• the heating of the air for heating the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, as well as demisting and defrosting is ensured by the passage of a flow of air through a heat exchanger more specifically by heat exchange between the air flow and a fluid.
• This is usually the coolant in the case of a heat engine.
• this heating mode may be unsuitable or insufficient to ensure rapid and efficient heating of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, in particular to ensure a warming of the passenger compartment or defrosting or defogging before use of the vehicle in very cold environment or again when a very rapid rise in temperature is desired.
• the heating function is no longer performed by the circulation of the cooling fluid in the heat exchanger.
• this heating mode may also be inadequate or insufficient to ensure rapid and efficient heating of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
• a known solution is to add to the heat exchanger or the water circuit or the air conditioning loop, an additional electric heating device.
• the additional electric heating device may be adapted to heat upstream the fluid, such as the cooling fluid for the heat engine, or the water of the heating water circuit of the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle or the cooling fluid. of the air conditioning loop.
• the additional electric heating device comprises a heating element in contact with the fluid to be heated.
• the implementation of the heating element is controlled by a control means comprising for example an electric current switch to allow and / or prohibit the start of the heating element to which it is connected.
• a control means comprising for example an electric current switch to allow and / or prohibit the start of the heating element to which it is connected.
• it is a basic control of such a heating device which does not necessarily correspond to the needs of the car manufacturer.
• the heating device is sent a cyclic ratio a which determines for a rectangular signal the ratio between the duration of the high time (the current passes and the heating device) and its period (T).
• PWM pulse width modulation
• each electric heating device of a fluid is associated a single control mode, which requires each time specific developments according to the needs of the manufacturers and / or the application and the integration of such heating device in a motor vehicle.
• the present invention proposes to remedy at least partially the disadvantages mentioned above by having a heating device capable of being controlled in at least two different control modes.
• the subject of the invention is a device for electric heating of a fluid for a motor vehicle comprising:
• At least one heating body having at least one heating resistor having at least one heating resistor
• an electric control unit of the heating body electrically connected to at least one heating resistor
• a processing and regulation unit configured to receive a signal comprising, on the one hand, control data relating to one of several control modes of the electrical control unit and secondly at least one setpoint value for the control mode designated by said control data and for controlling the electric control unit according to the control data and the setpoint value. received.
• the present invention makes it possible to obtain an electrical heating device that can easily be adapted to many ways of controlling the heating resistor (s).
• a first mode is for example a power control mode and the set value is a heating power value.
• a second mode is for example a control mode according to a duty cycle and the setpoint is a duty cycle value.
• a third mode is a temperature control mode and the setpoint value is a temperature value to reach the fluid to be heated.
• the electrical control unit may comprise at least one insulated gate bipolar transistor.
• the processing and regulation unit comprises a communication component with an on-board communication network.
• the communication component is for example a communication component compatible with the standardized Local Interconnection Network (LIN) protocol, which allows easy integration into the communication network of a motor vehicle.
• LIN Local Interconnection Network
• the invention further relates to a method of controlling an electric heating device as defined above, characterized in that
• the processing and regulating unit receives from a communication bus a signal comprising on the one hand a control data relating to one of several control modes of the electrical control unit and, on the other hand, at least one control value. setpoint relating to the control mode designated by said control data,
• the processing and regulating unit determines the parameters necessary for controlling the electrical control unit according to the control data and the setpoint received, and
• the processing and regulating unit controls the electric control unit.
• the processing and regulating unit can calculate power limitations to be applied for the at least one isolated gate bipolar transistor.
• processing and regulating unit calculates a power smoothing to be applied for said at least one insulated gate bipolar transistor.
• the invention furthermore relates to a method of communication on an on-board network, in particular of a motor vehicle, compatible with the standardized Local Interconnection protocol in which data frames are transmitted on a serial bus, characterized in that it comprises specific data frames associated with an electric heating device of a fluid as defined above, these specific frames comprising a control data relating to one of several modes of control of the electrical control unit and of on the other hand at least one setpoint value for the control mode designated by said control data and for controlling the electric control unit according to the received control data and setpoint value.
• the invention also relates to an information storage means, characterized in that it stores one or more programs whose execution allows implementation of a method as defined above.
• the invention further relates to a computer program on an information storage means, comprising one or more sequences of instructions executable by an information processing unit such as microprocessor, microcontroller, computer and / or machine. state, the execution of said instruction sequences allowing implementation of one of the methods as defined above.
• an information processing unit such as microprocessor, microcontroller, computer and / or machine. state
• FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of an electric fluid heater for a motor vehicle according to the present invention, partially shown in transparency,
• FIG. 2 represents the electric heating device of FIG. 1 without a fluid outlet housing
• FIG. 3 represents a partial detail view of the control means of the heating device of FIG. 1;
• FIG. 4 is a simplified diagram of an embodiment of an electric circuit of an electric heating device of a fluid according to the invention.
• Figure 5 is a flowchart of a method of controlling an electric heating device of a fluid according to the invention.
• Figures 1 to 3 show an electric fluid heater for a motor vehicle 1 for a heater and / or air conditioning.
• the electric heating device 1 is for example an additional heating device for heating a fluid, for example water, before it enters a water heating circuit for heating the passenger compartment of an electric vehicle. .
• the electric heating device 1 is disposed upstream of an evaporator of an air conditioning loop capable of operating in heat pump mode, so as to heat the refrigerant.
• the electric heating device 1 is arranged upstream of a heat exchanger using the cooling fluid of a heat engine as heat transfer fluid. It would also be possible to provide such an electric heating device 1 upstream of a heat exchanger intended for the thermal regulation of an electrical energy storage device, sometimes referred to as a set of batteries, for a vehicle with electric propulsion or hybrid.
• the electric heating device 1 represented comprises, for example:
• an electrical control unit 5 for controlling the power supply of the heating modules 3a, 3b,
• a fluid inlet such as a fluid inlet housing 9a
• a fluid outlet 9b such as a fluid outlet housing 9b.
• the electric heating device comprises a single heating module, or more than two heating modules as required.
• a heating module 3a, 3b comprises:
• a core for example hollow
• heating body 13a, 13b a heating body 13a, 13b.
• a heating body 13a, 13b is made in the form of an envelope surrounding the core 11.
• the core 11 and the heating body 13a, 13b are for example substantially cylindrical.
• the core 11 and the heating body 13a, 13b may be concentric.
• the heating module comprises only a heating body.
• a heating module 3a, 3b thus has a substantially cylindrical general shape defined by the heating body 13a, 13b.
• the core 11 and the heating body 13a, 13b define a fluid guide circuit to be heated, such as liquid, between the core 11 and the heating body 13a, 13b.
• the guide circuit is defined around the outer surface of the core 11, so it is outside the core 11 and inside the heating body 13a or 13b.
• the outer surface of the core 11 and the inner surface of the heating body 13a or 13b associated define a circulation volume of the fluid to be heated around the core 11.
• the fluid from the fluid inlet box 9a can circulate in this circulation volume, then to the output box 9b.
• the guide circuit of the fluid to be heated is created by the orientation of the inlet fluid on the inner surface of the heating body 13a, 13b so as to create the circulation volume of the fluid to be heated on the inner surface of the heating body.
• the inner surface of the heating body is defined by the surface on which the fluid is in contact.
• each heating module 3a, 3b comprises a circuit for guiding the fluid between the core 11 and the heating body 13a, 13b respectively.
• a heating body 13a, 13b has at least one heating resistor 17.
• This heating resistor 17 can be made in the form of one or more resistive tracks 17.
• the resistive tracks 17 are for example made by screen printing on the outer surface of the heating body 13a, 13b, that is to say on the surface opposite the surface of the heating body 13a, 13b facing the core 11.
• the resistive tracks 17 are therefore out of the fluid guide circuit to be heated.
• the heat produced by the resistor is directly transmitted to the fluid to be heated through the wall of the heating body 13a or 13b corresponding, which minimizes thermal losses and reduces the thermal inertia of the device, the fluid can therefore be heated quickly.
• the electrical control unit 5 controls the heating bodies 13a, 13b by controlling the supply of the heating resistors 17.
• connection terminals are provided that are electrically connected to the ends of the resistive tracks 17.
• a temperature sensor 19 for measuring, depending on the location of the sensor 19, the temperature of an associated heating body 13a, 13b or the exit temperature of the heated fluid. It can be a thermistor, such as a "CTN” probe for Negative Temperature Coefficient or "NTC” for the English “Negative Temperature Coefficient”, whose resistance decreases with temperature.
• This temperature sensor 19 may be brazed or welded to the outer surface of the associated heating body 13a, 13b or placed so as to be in contact with the heated fluid.
• heating modules 3a, 3b are for example identical.
• the two heating modules 3a, 3b are according to the illustrated embodiment arranged side by side substantially parallel.
• the side-by-side arrangement makes it possible to reduce the size of the heating device 1 in the longitudinal direction.
• this arrangement has a low heating inertia and a low pressure drop.
• the heating modules 3a, 3b respectively have two longitudinally opposite ends: an inlet end and an output end.
• the inlet ends are received in a respective cavity of the fluid inlet housing 9a and similarly the outlet ends are received in a respective cavity of the fluid outlet housing 9b.
• a fluid inlet channel is formed in the fluid inlet housing 9a.
• the input channel communicates with the guiding circuit of the first heating module 3a and with the guiding circuit of the second heating module 3b.
• the fluid inlet housing 9a has, by way of example, a substantially parallelepipedal base provided with a first cavity and a second cavity respectively of cylindrical shape with a spherical bottom to receive the respective inlet ends of the heating modules 3a. , 3b.
• the fluid inlet housing 9a may also include a protruding fluid intake manifold of the electric heater 1.
• the inlet channel is thus fluidly connected to the intake manifold in parallel with the two housing cavities. fluid inlet 9a.
• a fluid outlet channel is formed in the fluid outlet housing 9b and communicates with the guide circuit of the first heater module 3a and with the guide circuit of the second heater module 3b.
• the fluid outlet housing 9b has substantially the same shape as the fluid inlet housing 9a. It thus has a substantially parallelepipedal base provided with two cavities for receiving the output ends of the heating modules 3a, 3b and a projecting fluid outlet pipe 25 of the electric heating device 1, intended to be fluidly connected to a circuit heated fluid.
• the input and output boxes 9a and 9b are connected symmetrically to the two opposite ends of the heating modules 3a, 3b.
• the flow of the fluid is thus effected from the inlet fluid intake pipe 9a, in the inlet channel, then in parallel in the guide circuits of the heating modules 3a, 3b and spring in the outlet channel of the outlet housing 9b and then through the outlet pipe 25.
• the flow of the fluid is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis A of a heating module 3a, 3b. We speak of linear flow.
• the electrical circuit support 27 is for example a printed circuit board (or PCB in English for "Printed circuit board”).
• the electrical control unit comprises at least one, see several electrical current switches 29 (see Figure 3) to control the power supply of the heating bodies 13a, 13b.
• the electric current switches 29 are, for example, insulated gate bipolar transistors 28 (IGBT) (see FIG. 4) respectively electrically connected to the resistances 17 of the heating elements 13a, 13b.
• IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistors 28
• the electrical circuit support may carry electrical connection means 30 comprising electrical connectors connecting the heating resistors 17 to the electric current switches 29, high voltage power connectors 31 and a low voltage power supply connector and communication bus 33 (see Figures 1 and 2).
• positioning means 35 for the electrical circuit support 27 may be provided, such as for example a smart clip means arranged at the four corners of the electrical circuit support 27.
• FIG. 4 shows a simplified diagram of the heater 1 according to the invention.
• the electrical control unit 5 is controlled by a processing and regulation unit 40 also carried by the electric circuit support 27.
• the processing and regulating unit 40 controls the opening and / or closing of the insulated gate bipolar transistors 28.
• the processing and regulation unit 40 comprises for example a microprocessor 42 programmed to receive a signal, in particular a data frame, via the communication bus 33.
• the unit 40 comprises, for example a communication component 44 with an on-board communication network which is for example compatible with the standardized Local Interconnection Network (LIN) protocol and which is connected to the microprocessor 42.
• LIN Local Interconnection Network
• the data frame comprises, for example, an identifier for being associated with an electric heating device 1 and contains a control data relating to one of several control modes of the electrical control unit 5 and at least one setpoint value relating to the control mode designated by said control data and to control the electric control unit 5 according to the control data and the received setpoint.
• a first mode is for example a power control mode and the set value for this power mode is a heating power value.
• the processing and regulating unit 40 determines for example the duty ratio a to be applied to obtain the requested heating power and then sends a control signal to the electrical control unit 5 to open and closing the insulated gate bipolar transistor 28 and thus obtain an average power corresponding to the desired power.
• a second mode is for example a control mode according to a duty ratio a and the set value for this control mode is a duty cycle value a.
• the unit 40 directly drives the control unit 5 and its transistor 28 according to the duty ratio a.
• a third mode is for example a temperature control mode and the set value for this control mode is a temperature value to reach the fluid to be heated.
• the unit is also connected to the temperature sensor 19 and controls for example the closing of transistor 28 until the set temperature is reached, then it cuts the current in the resistance by opening of the transistor 28, then in a loop, a heating current is sent into the resistor 17 as soon as the temperature falls below a threshold until the set temperature again.
• Figure 5 depicts a method of controlling an electric heater 1.
• These specific frames comprise on the one hand a control data relating to one of several control modes of the electrical control unit 5 and, on the other hand, at least one setpoint value relating to the control mode designated by said control data. and to control the electrical control unit 5 according to the received control data and setpoint.
• the processing and regulation unit 40 receives from the communication bus 33 such a specific data frame associated with the heating device 1.
• the processing and regulation unit 40 calculates power limitations to be applied for said at least one insulated gate bipolar transistor 28.
• the processing and regulation unit 40 determines the indicated control mode (power, duty cycle or temperature) in the specific data frame.
• the processing and regulation unit 40 determines in step 106-1 (power mode), 106-2 (duty cycle mode) or 106-3 ( temperature mode) the parameters necessary to control the electric control unit 5 according to the control data and the setpoint received.
• the processing and regulation unit 40 calculates, for the determined mode, a power smoothing to be applied for the insulated gate bipolar transistor (s) 28.
• the processing and regulation unit 40 controls the electrical control unit 5 as previously described, for example in power, according to a duty cycle or as a function of a set temperature.
• the invention also relates to an information storage means which stores one or more programs the execution of which authorizes an implementation of the method as described above.
• the invention also relates to a computer program on an information storage means, comprising one or more instruction sequences executable by an information processing unit such as microprocessor, microcontroller, computer and / or state machine. , the execution of said instruction sequences allowing implementation of the method as described above.
• an information processing unit such as microprocessor, microcontroller, computer and / or state machine.
• the present invention makes it possible to obtain an electric heating device 1 which can easily be adapted to many ways of controlling the heating resistor (s) 17.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=53191730

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2014
  • 2014-09-23 FR FR1458956A patent/FR3026262B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2015
  • 2015-09-18 WO PCT/EP2015/071478 patent/WO2016046087A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2015-09-18 EP EP15763944.4A patent/EP3198989A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2015-09-18 CN CN201580051544.3A patent/CN107074067A/zh active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (2)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events