EP3196377A1

EP3196377A1 - Multi cavity concrete construction element

Info

Publication number: EP3196377A1
Application number: EP16168759.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Francisco Ibañez De Velasco
Original assignee: Bloques Barruca SL
Current assignee: Bloques Barruca SL
Priority date: 2016-01-20
Filing date: 2016-05-09
Publication date: 2017-07-26
Also published as: ES1152434U; ES1152434Y

Abstract

A multi cavity concrete construction element, having hollow cells with a rectangular cross section, said construction element comprising a side surface which is tucked and a side surface which has a protrusion.

Description

FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION

The scope is building with concrete blocks, especially where the objective is to achieve, in addition to sound insulation, high strength and workability, great thermal insulation.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART

The traditional facade system performs both structural and enclosure of the building outside functions, so the ability to open holes for light and ventilation has been limited to the bearing capacity of the forming element. The evolution of this development facade consisted of a technological race to get these holes. This is why many manufacturers have seen the need to modify the characteristics of products modifying the traditional elements to achieve an improvement in the quality inside the building -demand contemporary architecture.
The ventilated façade cladding system of building walls leaves a ventilated chamber between the coating and insulation of the building, eliminating thermal bridges and many diseases caused by condensation, in a search for suitable system excellent thermal-hygrometric behavior of building.
Therefore there will be two sheets in the same constructive solution inner and outer leaf, and each with missions and relations with the building completely different. The inner sheet can be a carrier sheet in the case of buildings not very high where height can be performed by load-bearing walls with larger cross section, or may be of enclosure, where his main task will be to a stabilizing support of the outer sheets, which do not need a wall of large section.
Due to the above and thanks to the evolution of technology this new system has been developed to be used in ventilated facades as interior non-bearing sheet.
There are many inventions similar to ours. Between them we highlight the US4905439 , "Structural building elements": American patent which claims monolithic concrete blocks with openings between their faces, which are filled with certain synthetic materials. The CN101260714 , "Multi-row hole aligned thermal insulation concrete building blocks", which is a Chinese patent based in blocks with at least 3 rows of holes, taking the middle row of different width and length than the outer rows. The FR2455141 , "Bloc, notamment en béton, pour la construction de murs et procédé analogues ou de construction de murs a l'aide d'un tel bloc", in which the parallelepiped block has a non-symmetrical geometry with hollow and semi -alveolus of different widths, some of which pass through the block and others are completely closed at one end and can be filled with insulating material. The FR2622229 , "Bloc modulaire of construction" claims a concrete block, which gets thermal and sound insulation made of different geometries, including cylindrical and semi-cylindrical slots, sockets and transverse triangular cavities, with the particularity required lightweight concrete composite ground silico-calcareous sand, expanded clay gravel certain particle sizes and high performance cement. The CN201172909 , patent High thermal insulation concrete building block air Having isolation layer ", which is between 2 and 30 parallel rows of vertical hollow sections, each of which has a width of between 5 and 100 mm. The CN201176657 ," Multi-row aligning hole type thermal insulation concrete building block ", in which the relationships between its various parts are described, for example the thickness of the middle row (at least have to have 3 rows) of holes is the sum of the thicknesses the 2 outer rows. And finally and perhaps most similar to ours we should mention the international PCT patent number WO2015 / 01903 owned OCCITANIE PIERRES, French and entitled "Procédé de fabrication d'un bloc de construction en pierre isolant alvéolé reconstituée ou naturelle, bloc realiisé Realise et mur avec un tel bloc, "which claims the process of manufacturing a block made of stone, concrete or brick and block. It can have various forms of alveolar hollow and can be filled with any insulating substance. It can include various designs asymmetrical cells and the rows are staggered from them. Alveolar holes are drilled from one side with a suitable tool and communicate with each other within the same plane.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

It is presented as an evolution of traditional concrete block. In search of a masonry element that would improve the known benefits, innovation has resulted in this block, which offers designers and construction companies have a material with the following advantages:

Improved design: the multi cells section allows a better response to the demands on energy efficiency, acoustic insulation and fire resistance, established by the Technical Building Code.
Item further optimized: the dovetailing and groove facilitates handling by installers, increasing yields over the usual execution.
The blocks are 100% recyclable and made from recycled gravels of waste concrete, without prejudice to the performance of the block.
Versatility to adapt and constitute a major element in many constructive sections of masonry walls and interior partitions.

This system focuses on a block geometry such that their cavities or cells are of trapezoidal section in the height direction at varying distances from the front and rear surfaces, and the separation between them and their width and length are also variable.
The arrangement of these cells modify the technical characteristics of the final finish such as block density, weight, compressive strength, the transmittance of the block, fire resistance, resistance of tensile anchors, break resistance to bending, resistance to shear adhesion, acoustics, the possibility of grooves and the execution performance, and manufacture.
The blocks consist of plain concrete, can differentiate into the dosages used (light or heavy gravels, etc., possible use of special binders, additives which improve some functionality of concrete, etc.) In this way, all the advantages that provides concrete, derived mainly from its density, as more and better material that reconciles the different regulatory requirements.
The transmittance of the block, seeks uniformity in heat flux from the inner to the outer surface.
The conductivity of the concrete is much higher than that of the air chambers, whereby a configuration is sought suitable in which the arrangement of the cells and the thickness of these configure the balance in the design to obtain the desired characteristics. There are no sores. As for the tensile strength of the anchors, the arrangement of the cells have available a greater surface adhesiveness with little studs getting mixed results in a random arrangement in the block surface. It is available in a variety of colors and surface textures for use. It can be used as concrete masonry wall in interior partitions and in facades.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a view of the geometry of the blocks and placement of the cells, along with its dimensions. Figure 2 shows the lateral surfaces of the blocks and a detail of tolerances. Figure 3 is a section along the A-A' line shown in Figure 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

One of the key features of this construction system is the thermal uniformity, ie thanks to its geometry same temperature gradient is achieved over the entire wall surface. The conductivity of the concrete is much greater than that of the air chambers, whereby an ideal configuration in which the arrangement of the cells and the thickness of these configure the balance in the design to obtain the desired characteristics sought.
Therefore, this system focuses on defining a geometry of the concrete blocks that constitute it, ie the arrangement of the cells, cavities or cells disposed within the block and its shape and dimensions.
As mentioned in the brief explanation of the invention, the geometry of the blocks is such that:

Its cavities are of rectangular section rounded at their ends in the base dimension
Its cavities are of trapezoidal section at its height dimension
The width and length of them are variables
The distances of the cells respect to front and rear surfaces of the block are variable
The separation between cells are variable also.

In figure 1 the design and arrangement of the multi cells are shown for a constant temperature gradient across the face of the wall, in the preferred embodiment.
The cavities or cells are of rectangular section with rounded ends, on its surface. Their lengths in this embodiment are 66, 68 and 75 mm, and its width, 15 and 20 mm. The separations between them, in this case 20 mm. And the gaps between the cells and the walls of the block, 25 mm.
The width of the cells and its section, in the corresponding height dimension, as shown in Section A-A' in Figure 3, are trapezoidal, not rectangular. In this figure are indicated the specific dimensions of the preferred embodiment which are: on top of the block, widths of the cells of 15 and 20 mm; 20 mm separation between them and 25 mm between the cells and block walls. At the bottom the cells widths are 12 and 17 mm, the separation between them of 23 mm and the separation between the cells and block walls, 26.5 mm.
These data are the result of a lengthy investigation on R & D, which does not mean that the protection of this patent with any other data placement or thickness of the cells shown in this embodiment cannot be asked.
All with the mentioned objective of the heat transfer through each portion of concrete and cavities, along all possible block sections in order to achieve thermal uniformity across the wall surface.
In Figures 1 and 2 it can be seen the special design of the side surfaces for contiguous dovetail. Its shape is obtained cutting the block at the desired length, 290 mm in this case, in a way to obtain in the left side a tucked formed by a trapezoidal section finished by a semicircular shape, coinciding with the central part of the cavity, of 28 mm in this case; and in the right side two protruding ridges starting from the lateral sides of the central cavity jutting out 50 mm from the starting of the interior of the cavity, as it can be seen in figure 1. Thus the blocks can be arranged side by side, as seen in figure 2.
With this design, the placement of the blocks is done bone, thereby eliminating the wound and allowing dry coupling, with the advantage of speed and continuity placement in the final finish.
Figure 2 details also the tolerance of the side walls of the blocks for perfect fit between them, of 1,5 and 2 mm in this preferred embodiment.
In the manufacturing of these building blocks, which is performed with mould and countermould, are important: the docility of fresh material, the vibration, the filling time of the mould, the cement hydration and the hardening time, which can be adapted in each particular case. With varying proportions of components: cement, water and aggregate and different pressures in manufacturing, different densities are achieved. But it is important in the manufacture of these elements that arlita or expanded clay aggregate not used, being used recycled aggregate from waste concrete or other recycled, without impact to the performance of the block.

Claims

Multi cavity concrete construction element manufactured by molding mass concrete base to be used as wall concrete facades and interior partitions, characterized by
- Its geometry with cells of rectangular section with rounded ends at its base and a trapezoidal section at its height

- The design of its side surfaces with a tucked on the left side and a protruding ridges on the right, with a tight tolerance

- The use of recycled aggregates
Multi cavity concrete construction element according to claim 1, characterized by its cells, rectangular with rounded ends on its surface, and lengths 66, 68 and 75 mm and widths 15 and 20 mm, with spacing between them of 20 mm and the gaps between the cells and block walls 25 mm.
Multi cavity concrete construction element according to claim 1, characterized by its cells, having trapezoidal section on its height dimension, with dimensions on the top of the block 15 and 20 mm width of the cells, 20 mm separation between them, and 25 mm separation with the walls, while at the bottom the cavities are 12 and 17 mm wide, 23 mm separation between them and 26.5 separation with the block walls.
Multi cavity concrete construction element according to claim 1, characterized by the configuration of its lateral sides, the left a tucked section formed by a trapezoidal finished in a matching semicircular shape with a central socket part 28mm and the right with two protruding ridges from a widening of the side walls of the central socket on that side, protruding 50 mm from the inside top of the alveolus.
Multi cavity concrete construction element according to claim 1, characterized by tolerance at the junction of the side walls of the blocks, of 1.5 and 2 mm.
Multi cavity concrete construction element according to claim 1, characterized by the use in the manufacture of recycled aggregates coming from concrete or other origins.