RU133156U1 - WALL STONE EMPTY-WARMED - Google Patents

Abstract

A wall stone of a cellular structure in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped with prismatic cavities, some of which are filled with an effective heater, and small slotted voids arranged in a checkerboard pattern, characterized in that the prismatic cavities and small slotted voids are made through, prismatic cavities and small slotted voids are made in in the form of rectangular-semicircular cylinders oriented with a major axis exceeding at least three times the minor axis parallel to the outer edge of the block, located in in order of magnitude and separated from each other by jumpers of variable thickness, small voids on the end planes are made open, and thermal liners can be installed in them, while the center of gravity of the cross section is shifted to the inner face of the wall stone, the front surface of the wall stone of the cellular structure is reinforced with hydrophobized, volume-painted and structured sand concrete.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of production of building materials, in particular, to the production of wall stones (SC) hollow-core insulated (SKPU) from foam, aerated concrete, gas silicates, etc., with a cellular structure (YS).

Known solid silicate aerated concrete blocks (GOST 21520-89), cellular gas silicate concrete, expanded polystyrene concrete, etc.

A common drawback of SC NF is the inconsistency of their main characteristics: with a decrease in density and thermal conductivity, strength and durability decrease.

One of the main ways to overcome these contradictions is the design of the SC using the advantages of some materials, allowing to compensate for the shortcomings of other materials.

A building block is known (Patent RU 2020214, class E04B 2/14, filed May 6, 1991) with a system of through rectangular small and one large voids, in which voids lighten and insulate the block.

The disadvantages of this design are that: the system of voids allows you to have wide "bridges" of cold along the main material and on a large prismatic void; it is impossible to find the parameters of the system of openings and block sizes that provide the necessary thermal resistance and low weight of the block, convenient for hand laying.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed solution, the achieved thermotechnical effect and selected as a prototype is a building sandwich block (SSB) (Patent RU 90817 according to class E04C 1/00, filed May 13, 2009) with an oval-elongated system through slotted voids located symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis in a checkerboard pattern relative to the prismatic cavity with insulation, and round holes located on the transverse axis in line with the oval-elongated voids.

The disadvantage of this form is that, according to the strength conditions, the PRS has sufficiently wide transverse jumpers and very long slotted voids located in two rows, which do not allow the manufacture of a small block and do not meet the requirement of thermal resistance standards.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to reduce the reduced thermal conductivity, reduce weight, increase the strength and durability of SC.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the SC YA is made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped with slotted voids arranged in a checkerboard pattern, characterized in that the slotted voids are made through and through in the form of rectangular-semicircular cylinders (PPKC) oriented with a major axis exceeding at least three times the minor axis parallel to the outer face of the block and staggered and separated from each other by jumpers of variable thickness, small voids (MP) of additional dimensions on the end planes are made They are open and thermal liners can be installed in them, while the center of gravity of the cross section is shifted to the inner face, the front surface of the SC NF is strengthened by hydrophobized, volumetric painted and structured sand concrete (GOSPB).

Thermal liners can be inserted into the MF, opened on the end faces of the SC, when laying the stones, providing reliable sealing of the vertical joints of the stones and reducing thermal conductivity along the main "cold bridge".

The parameters of the large PPPC of voids and MP provide a shift of the center of gravity of the section to the inner face of the stone and reduce the eccentricity of the load from the floors of the structure.

High macro hollowness and overall dimensions of SK provide a weight acceptable for hand laying.

Figure 1 shows the cross sections and vertical sections of large PPKC voids and small voids.

Figure 2 presents the design of the stone with the proposed system of voids. SC YaS contains: large PPKP voids 1 and 2, sizes a × D and ( a * × D, filled with an effective heater; large PPKK voids (air spaces) 3 and 4; 5 - GOSPB layer.

Voids 2 and 3 (open at the ends and bottom) and voids 1,4 (open only from the bottom) are separated from each other in a row by jumpers of variable thickness and are arranged in rows across the direction of the heat flux, shown in figure 2 by arrows 6

The placement of voids in the stone in the claimed manner allows you to: rationally distribute the stresses arising in it from the entire volume of the block; provide the maximum length of the "cold bridge" (figure 2, dashed lines 7 and 8) with a minimum width, i.e. impede the passage of heat from the inner face of the stone to its outer face. In addition, the thermal resistance of the PPCC voids is significant when the ratio a / D and a * / D are more than three ( a , a * are the lengths and D is the thickness of the PPCC) - in this case the voids are considered air gaps.

Figure 3 presents a variant of the SC YaS (bottom bed up and without insulation) with PPKT voids and the front GOSPB surface, invoiced under a standard corrugated brick.

The geometric parameters of the SK are related by the following dependencies:

Where A, B - overall dimensions (length and width) of the stone;

a and a * are the lengths of the PPCC voids;

δ ₁ , δ ₂ - wall thickness at the inner and outer faces of the SC;

δ is the distance between the rows of PPKTS; δ3 - layer thickness GOSPB;

Δ ₀ - the minimum wall thickness between PPKT voids and PPKT voids at the ends of the stone;

D is the diameter of the holes forming PPKTS voids;

m is the total number of rows of PPCC voids in the SC NF.

Figure 4 presents 3D - model SKPU: a) is a top view; b) - bottom view; 9 gripping holes

Microporous SK YaS can be manufactured at any enterprise specializing in this industry, as this requires standard equipment manufactured by the industry. For the formation of PPPC macro-hollows, special equipment is needed - a machine for drilling voids.

Such a stone of high factory readiness can be effectively and widely used in the construction of industrial and civil facilities, i.e. is industrially applicable.

Claims (1)

A wall stone of a cellular structure in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped with prismatic cavities, some of which are filled with an effective heater, and small slotted voids arranged in a checkerboard pattern, characterized in that the prismatic cavities and small slotted voids are made through, prismatic cavities and small slotted voids are made in in the form of rectangular-semicircular cylinders oriented with a major axis exceeding at least three times the minor axis parallel to the outer edge of the block, located in in order of magnitude and separated from each other by jumpers of variable thickness, small voids on the end planes are made open, and thermal liners can be installed in them, while the center of gravity of the cross section is shifted to the inner face of the wall stone, the front surface of the wall stone of the cellular structure is reinforced with hydrophobized, volume-painted and structured sand concrete.

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