EP3185270B1 - Dispositif de commutation - Google Patents

Dispositif de commutation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3185270B1
EP3185270B1 EP15833654.5A EP15833654A EP3185270B1 EP 3185270 B1 EP3185270 B1 EP 3185270B1 EP 15833654 A EP15833654 A EP 15833654A EP 3185270 B1 EP3185270 B1 EP 3185270B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
magnet
switching device
fixed contact
movable contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15833654.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3185270A4 (fr
EP3185270A1 (fr
Inventor
Shinya Watanabe
Kentaro Kokura
Yuta SAGARA
Nobuo Miyoshi
Yuta Kohi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Publication of EP3185270A1 publication Critical patent/EP3185270A1/fr
Publication of EP3185270A4 publication Critical patent/EP3185270A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3185270B1 publication Critical patent/EP3185270B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/443—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switching device such as a switch for interrupting a current, a breaker, an electromagnetic contactor, and a relay.
  • a switching device extends an arc that is generated between contact points to increase arc resistance, boosts an arc voltage to a high voltage, and interrupts a current.
  • boosts an arc voltage to a high voltage boosts an arc voltage to a high voltage
  • interrupts a current In particular, in a DC switching device, it is necessary to increase the arc voltage to be higher than a power supply voltage, produce current zero, and thereby interrupt the current. Thus, a technique of extending the arc is essential.
  • a conventional switching device as disclosed in PTL 1 has such a problem that, when an energizing direction is reversed in the switching device in which a magnet is mounted in an arc-extinguishing chamber for extinguishing the arc, a drive direction of the arc is reversed, and reliability of interruption is thereby degraded.
  • the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet In order to interlink the magnetic lines in the uniform direction with the arc, the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet has to become larger than the surface of application of this Lorentz force, which results in a high-cost configuration and difficulty in securing an arrangement space.
  • the magnetic lines generated from the permanent magnet exert a Lorentz force in an unexpected direction on the arc located at a position that does not oppose the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet. Accordingly, the reliability of the interruption is degraded, and, in the worst case, failure in interruption occurs.
  • the arc is most likely to be extended to the outside of the surface opposing the permanent magnet.
  • the reliability of the interruption is low in such a switching device.
  • the invention has been made to solve the problems as described above and therefore has a purpose of obtaining a switching device that can secure sufficient reliability of interruption regardless of a direction of a current even when a small magnet is used
  • Document US 2010/0126966 shows a switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the arc generated between the contacts can be driven in a direction toward the magnet along a lateral surface of an attraction rod as the magnetic body.
  • the arc travels and is extended in the direction toward the magnet while being driven along the lateral surface of the attraction rod as the magnetic body.
  • the arc is rapidly cooled. In this way, a small low-cost switching device, which maintains high reliability of interruption even when a current of reverse polarity flows, can be obtained.
  • FIG. 1 is a lateral cross-sectional view that schematically depicts an open pole state of a switching device in a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' in FIG. 1 .
  • a switching device 100 in the first embodiment of the invention includes: a fixed contact 1 that has a fixed contact point 1a; a movable contact 2 that has a movable contact point 2a; and a switching mechanism section 103 that performs a switching operation of the fixed contact point 1a and the movable contact point 2a.
  • the switching device 100 also includes a magnet 4 that generates a magnetic field for extending an arc A generated between the fixed contact 1 and the movable contact 2 when the fixed contact point 1a and the movable contact point 2a are opened.
  • the switching device 100 further includes an attraction rod 3, one end of which is arranged in the vicinity of an arc generation region 20 between the fixed contact 1 and the movable contact 2, the other end of which is arranged in a manner to contact one magnetic pole surface of the magnet 4, and which is formed of a long magnetic body.
  • the magnet 4 is arranged in a region other than the arc generation region 20.
  • the switching device 100 includes an insulation cover 3c that protects the magnet 4 and the attraction rod 3, which is formed of the long magnetic body.
  • the insulation cover 3c is formed of a resin material such as nylon, for example.
  • the arc generation region 20 represents a space that is between the fixed contact 1 and the movable contact 2 and is surrounded by a dotted line in FIG. 1 .
  • the switching device 100 in the first embodiment of the invention is provided with a fixed-side terminal 11 and a movable-side terminal 12, each of which is connected to an external power circuit, at both ends of a housing that is constructed of a case 101 formed of an insulator, and is provided with an extinguishing chamber 102 for extinguishing the arc in a lower portion.
  • the fixed contact 1, the movable contact 2, the attraction rod 3, and the magnet 4 are arranged in this extinguishing chamber 102, the fixed contact 1 being integrally formed with the fixed-side terminal 11 and provided with the fixed contact point 1a at a specified portion, the movable contact 2 having the movable contact point 2a that contacts and separates from the fixed contact point 1a and being provided to turn, the attraction rod 3 having the one end arranged in the vicinity of the arc generation region 20 so as to be opposed to a space interposed between the fixed contact 1 and the movable contact 2 and being formed of the long magnetic body, and the magnet 4 being arranged in contact with this attraction rod 3 and generating the magnetic field for extending the arc A, which is generated between the fixed contact 1 and the movable contact 2.
  • the switching device 100 in the first embodiment of the invention has a basic configuration including the magnet 4, which controls and extends the arc A generated between both of the contacts when both of the contact points are opened, and the attraction rod 3, the one end of which is arranged in the vicinity of the arc generation region 20, the other end of which is arranged in contact with the one magnetic pole surface of the magnet 4, and which is formed of the long magnetic body.
  • the arc A is extended along a longitudinal lateral surface of the attraction rod 3, which is formed of the long magnetic body, by the magnetic field generated by the magnet 4.
  • a space between the lateral surface of the attraction rod 3 that is located on a right side of the arc generation region 20 in FIG. 1 and a magnetic reinforcing plate 6 is set as an arc extension space 21.
  • the attraction rod 3 which is formed of the long magnetic body.
  • the attraction rod 3 which is formed of the long magnetic body, is protected by the insulation cover 3c for the magnetic body, the insulation cover 3c being provided to be opposed to a generation region of the arc A whose energizing direction is a forward direction of the sheet.
  • FIG. 3 includes explanatory views for explaining an arc-extinguishing operation of the switching device in the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the attraction rod 3 which is protected by the insulation cover 3c for the magnetic body and is formed of the long magnetic body, is arranged and in which an end surface of the attraction rod 3 on an opposite side of an arc generation position is arranged in a manner to contact a magnetic pole surface of a permanent magnet 41 having an N pole
  • principle of extinguishing the arc will be described by dividing a progressive stage to extinction of the arc into five stages depicted in stages 3A to 3E.
  • stage 3A of FIG. 3 at the progressive stage of the extinction of the arc, magnetic lines M that are generated from the permanent magnet 41 are guided by the attraction rod 3, and an interlinkage magnetic field with the arc is generated from a tip of the attraction rod 3 toward the arc.
  • stage 3A With the interlinkage magnetic field, a Lorentz force is applied to the arc, and the arc is driven in a downward direction in stage 3A.
  • the reference sign 8 denotes the arc and a direction of a current thereof
  • the reference sign 9 denotes an application direction of a Lorentz force.
  • stage 3B at the progressive stage of the extinction, the magnet lines M, which are formed in a manner to move round to an S-pole side of the permanent magnet 41 from the tip of the attraction rod 3, are interlinked with the arc, which has been driven at the stage 3A. Due to this interlinkage magnetic field, the arc is drawn into the arc extension space 21 that expands in a longitudinal lateral surface portion of the attraction rod 3.
  • the reference sign 10 denotes an arc in a case where the direction of the current is reversed.
  • stage 3C at the progressive stage of the extinction the arc, which has been drawn into the arc extension space 21, is further drawn thereinto by the magnetic lines M generated on normal lines from the lateral surface of the attraction rod 3.
  • the arc As the arc is drawn deep inside, magnetic field intensity that is generated from the lateral surface of the attraction rod 3 is increased, which makes it difficult for the arc to separate from the attraction rod 3. Accordingly, the arc can stably be extended deep inside (to a right side of) the attraction rod 3.
  • magnet lines that are interlinked with the arc drawn deep inside are the magnet lines that move round to the S-pole side of the permanent magnet 41, and the interlinkage magnetic field by the magnet lines in this direction (a right direction in the drawing) generate a force of attracting the arc to the inside of the attraction rod 3.
  • stage 3D at the progressive stage of the extinction, the Lorentz force that presses the arc to the inside of the attraction rod 3 with a further greater force is applied to the arc that has approached the insulation cover 3c for the magnetic body for protecting the attraction rod 3.
  • the arc is compressed against the insulation cover 3c for the magnetic body, and resistance on the inside of the arc is rapidly increased.
  • ablated gas that is generated from an arc-exposed surface of the insulation cover 3c for the magnetic body by arc heat is sprayed on the arc.
  • the arc is cooled, and the resistance on the inside of the arc is further increased.
  • stage 3E in the case where a recessed narrow gap 3e as depicted in FIG. 3 is provided in a portion of the insulation cover 3c for the magnetic body, the arc is drawn into the narrow gap 3e by the Lorentz force, which presses the arc to the inside of the attraction rod 3, and the arc is thereby compressed to be narrow.
  • the ablated gas by the insulation cover 3c for the magnetic body is sprayed on the further compressed arc from a periphery thereof.
  • the resistance of the arc is increased to such an extent that a conductive property on the inside thereof can no longer be maintained, and thus the arc is extinguished.
  • the similar effect can be obtained even when an energizing direction is reversed, and the arc is extended in a manner to be symmetrical about an axis of the attraction rod 3 at each of the progressive stages of the extinction as depicted in FIG. 3 .
  • the similar effect can also be obtained even when the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 41 (or the magnet 4) faces opposite, and the arc is extended in a manner to be symmetrical about the axis of the attraction rod 3 at each of the progressive stages of the extinction.
  • the arc can be driven and extended in the same direction by using the attraction rod 3 and the permanent magnet 41 (or the magnet 4). Therefore, reliability of interruption can be increased without enlarging the switching device 100.
  • this first embodiment further obtains an effect by adding the following components to the above basic configuration.
  • the switching device 100 includes the arc extension space 21, and the permanent magnet 41 (or the magnet 4) is arranged in the arc extension space 21. In this way, extension length of the arc can be increased, and thus arc resistance can further be increased.
  • the magnetic reinforcing plate 6 formed of a magnetic body is provided on a magnetic pole surface on an opposite side (an attraction rod opposite side) of the permanent magnet 41 (or the magnet 4) that is not adjacent to (not arranged in contact with) the attraction rod 3.
  • magnetic resistance of a magnetic circuit which is formed by the magnetic lines circling around the permanent magnet 41 (or the magnet 4) via the attraction rod 3, is lowered.
  • the intensity of the magnetic field, which is generated from the surface of the attraction rod 3, is increased, and extinguishing performance can further be increased.
  • a wall for partitioning the two arc extension spaces 21 (spaces on both sides of the attraction rod 3) is provided by the insulation cover 3c in the first embodiment. Because the wall for partitioning the arc extension spaces 21 at two positions at which the energizing directions of the arc differ is formed by the insulation cover 3c, the arc can be prevented from moving round from the one arc extension space 21 to the other arc extension space 21. Thus, the arc can stably be extended.
  • the magnet 4 is constructed of the permanent magnet 41, constant magnetic flux is applied to the arc.
  • the stable interruption can be realized even in a current region where the magnetic flux generated from an energizing conductor is low (for example, lower than 1 kA).
  • the permanent magnet 41 is used as the magnet to be used in the above description of the principle of extinguishing the arc.
  • a coil-shaped conductor that is electrically connected to one of the contacts or an external power supply is wound around a portion of a periphery of the attraction rod 3 and the portion of the attraction rod 3 is thereby configured as an electromagnet (not depicted)
  • the arc can be extinguished by a similar phenomenon as described above.
  • a current range in which the effect can be exerted the most differs between the case where the permanent magnet 41 is used as the magnet 4 and the case where the electromagnet (not depicted) is used as the magnet 4.
  • the effect is exerted in a relatively low current range (for example, of lower than 1 kA).
  • the effect is exerted in a relatively high current range (for example, of 1 kA and higher) in which the magnetic flux generated from the current flowing through the conductor is increased.
  • the generated arc A can be drawn into deep inside the attraction rod 3 regardless of the energizing direction, and the arc can thereafter be extended, cooled, and extinguished.
  • the arc can be extended and cooled in a direction in which the permanent magnet is arranged regardless of the direction of the current.
  • the switching device 100 can be downsized.
  • the partitioning wall which is formed by the insulation cover 3c, prevents the arc from moving round to the other arc extension space 21, interruption performance can be stabilized.
  • FIG. 4 is a lateral cross-sectional view of an open pole state of a switching device in a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the attraction rod 3 is formed of the long magnetic body.
  • the attraction rod 3 is arranged such that the shape thereof is enlarged so as to partition the spaces where the arc extends and which are located at two different positions at which the energizing directions differ.
  • FIG. 5 is a lateral cross-sectional view of an open pole state of a switching device in a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' in FIG. 5 .
  • the insulation cover 3c is arranged in a manner to surround the arc during the extension.
  • a material that is less likely to be ablated is selected for the case 101 of the switching device 100, so as to prevent wear even when the case 101 is exposed to the generated arc heat.
  • spraying efficiency of the ablated gas on the arc is low.
  • the insulation cover 3c can be molded by a material that is likely to be ablated. Accordingly, the spraying efficiency of the ablated gas on the arc can be improved by arranging the insulation cover 3c in the manner to surround the arc during the extension. Therefore, the reliability of the interruption can be increased.
  • the shape of the attraction rod 3 in the second embodiment may be combined with that in the third embodiment and the reliability of the interruption is further improved by the combination.
  • FIG. 7 is a lateral cross-sectional view of an open pole state of a switching device in a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' in FIG. 7 .
  • a projecting section 7 is provided in a central portion of the arc (central portions of the arc extension spaces 21) such that the arc during the extension can collide or be compressed against the projecting section 7.
  • the projecting section 7 is formed of the same material as that of the insulation cover 3c and has a projecting shape to a lateral surface of the case 101.
  • the arc collides or is compressed against the projecting section 7, and the arc is extended around the projecting section 7. Therefore, cooling efficiency of the arc can further be improved.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Dispositif de commutation, comprenant :
    - un contact fixe (1) qui présente un point de contact fixe (1a) ;
    - un contact mobile (2) qui est installé de manière à s'opposer au contact fixe (1) et qui présente un point de contact mobile (2a) ;
    - une section de mécanisme de commutation (103) qui effectue une opération de commutation du point de contact fixe (1a) et du point de contact mobile (2a) ;
    - un aimant (4) qui génère un champ magnétique pour étendre un arc généré entre le contact fixe (1) et le contact mobile (2) lorsque le point de contact fixe (1a) et le point de contact mobile (2a) sont ouverts ;
    - une tige d'attraction (3) formée d'un corps magnétique, dont une extrémité est disposée à proximité d'une zone de génération d'arc (20) entre le contact fixe (1) et le contact mobile (2), et dont l'autre extrémité est disposée de manière à entrer en contact avec la surface d'un pôle magnétique de l'aimant (4) ; et
    - un couvercle isolant (3c) qui protège l'aimant (4) et la tige d'attraction (3) et sert de paroi pour diviser l'espace d'extension de l'arc (21) dans lequel l'arc s'étend en deux espaces correspondant aux directions d'excitation de l'arc,
    dans lequel l'aimant (4) est disposé dans une région autre que celle de la région de génération de l'arc électrique (20),
    caractérisé en ce
    que le couvercle isolant (3c) est pourvu d'une section saillante (7) dans une partie centrale de l'espace d'extension de l'arc (21), de sorte que l'arc pendant l'extension peut entrer en collision ou être comprimé contre la section saillante (7).
  2. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce
    que l'autre extrémité de la tige d'attraction (3) est élargie de manière à diviser l'espace d'extension de l'arc (21) en deux espaces correspondant à la direction d'excitation de l'arc.
  3. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce
    que le couvercle isolant (3 c) est disposé de manière à entourer l'arc pendant l'extension.
  4. Dispositif de commutation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce
    que le couvercle isolant (3c) est formé d'un matériau en résine.
EP15833654.5A 2014-08-18 2015-04-07 Dispositif de commutation Active EP3185270B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014165655 2014-08-18
PCT/JP2015/060812 WO2016027499A1 (fr) 2014-08-18 2015-04-07 Dispositif de commutation

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3185270A1 EP3185270A1 (fr) 2017-06-28
EP3185270A4 EP3185270A4 (fr) 2018-08-15
EP3185270B1 true EP3185270B1 (fr) 2024-02-14

Family

ID=55350456

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15833654.5A Active EP3185270B1 (fr) 2014-08-18 2015-04-07 Dispositif de commutation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3185270B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5940225B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR101829574B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN106663556B (fr)
WO (1) WO2016027499A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3750513T2 (de) * 1986-06-06 1995-05-04 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Schaltvorrichtung.
JPH07111853B2 (ja) * 1986-06-06 1995-11-29 三菱電機株式会社 開閉器
JP3166890B2 (ja) * 1994-05-24 2001-05-14 富士電機株式会社 回路遮断器の消弧装置
JP5202072B2 (ja) 2007-09-14 2013-06-05 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 リレー
FR2938969A1 (fr) * 2008-11-21 2010-05-28 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif de coupure pour couper un courant continu bidirectionnel et installation a cellules photovoltaiques equipee d'un tel dispositif
JP4522490B1 (ja) * 2009-06-25 2010-08-11 三菱電機株式会社 ガス絶縁開閉装置
JP5710984B2 (ja) * 2011-01-12 2015-04-30 富士電機株式会社 電磁接触器
KR101354405B1 (ko) 2011-06-07 2014-01-22 후지쯔 콤포넌트 가부시끼가이샤 전자계전기 및 전자계전기의 제조방법
EP2980821B1 (fr) * 2013-03-27 2019-05-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Appareillage de commutation
CN104078257B (zh) * 2013-03-27 2017-04-12 三菱电机株式会社 开闭装置
US9343251B2 (en) * 2013-10-30 2016-05-17 Eaton Corporation Bi-directional direct current electrical switching apparatus including small permanent magnets on ferromagnetic side members and one set of arc splitter plates

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN106663556A (zh) 2017-05-10
WO2016027499A1 (fr) 2016-02-25
EP3185270A4 (fr) 2018-08-15
JP5940225B1 (ja) 2016-06-29
EP3185270A1 (fr) 2017-06-28
KR101829574B1 (ko) 2018-02-14
CN106663556B (zh) 2019-08-30
JPWO2016027499A1 (ja) 2017-04-27
KR20170007820A (ko) 2017-01-20

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