EP3184913A1 - Cooking oven having a vented cavity - Google Patents

Abstract

A baking oven (1) has a cavity (2), and an air circulation compartment (4) separated by a rear wall (2a), the rear wall (2a) having a central opening (6) in the center of the posterior wall (2a) and several peripheral openings (7a-7d) located on the periphery of the posterior wall (2a). The baking oven (1) further comprises ventilation means / air mixing means (5) generating a flow of air flowing in the oven, and closure means (8) shaped to seal a central portion of the central opening (6) and being movable between: a first position in which the central portion of the central opening (6) is not closed, and - A second position in which the closure means (8) are positioned in contact with the central opening so that the central portion of the central opening (6) is closed.

Description

The present invention relates to a baking oven having a ventilated cavity.

In particular, the invention relates to an oven using a baking or heating by air stirred.

In this type of oven, for certain cooking modes, the cavity is heated by means of a hot air flow projected into the cavity, the airflow being generated by heating elements and ventilation or brewing means. air. Such a method of cooking is generally known under the name of cooking by rotary heat or cooking by pulsed heat.

A vented cavity cooking oven has an air circulation compartment which is separated from the cavity by a rear wall. The air mixing means are located in the air circulation compartment.

Openings are made on the rear wall through which air is exchanged between the cavity and the air circulation compartment.

In particular, a central opening is located in the center of the posterior wall and several peripheral openings are located near the periphery of the posterior wall.

The apertures have a passage surface representing the surface of the aperture permitting the passage of air from the cavity to the air circulation compartment or vice versa.

When the oven is operating according to a cooking or heating mode by air blown, the fan is put into operation allowing the aspiration of air into the cavity through the central opening. This air enters the air circulation compartment, is then heated by the heating elements and enters the cavity leaving the air circulation compartment through the peripheral openings.

There is thus created a flow of hot air for heating the cavity to cook or heat food placed in the cavity.

In some cooking modes, the temperature in the center of the cavity, where the food to be cooked is placed, must be high.

In addition, for pyrolysis cleaning cycles, the temperature at the oven door must be high in order for it to be effectively cleaned.

Nevertheless, when the flow of hot air reaches the center of the cavity or the oven door, it has lost temperature.

Also, in particular cooking programs requiring a flow of hot air in the center of the cavity, or in a pyrolysis cleaning cycle in which the air flow to the door must be hot, such a flow of air is not effective.

It is known to reverse the direction of rotation of the ventilation means in order to reverse the direction of the air flow, the air in the cavity thus being absorbed by the peripheral openings, entering the air circulation compartment, and emerging from the air compartment to enter the cavity through the central opening. Such an oven is for example disclosed by the document EP 1 107 650 .

Nevertheless, to operate the ventilation means in two directions, a reversible motor is necessary. An engine of this type is expensive, thus making the furnace expensive.

The object of the present invention is to provide a ventilated cavity cooking oven in which the cooking performance or heating of the cavity are improved, without increasing the manufacturing cost of the oven.

For this purpose, the invention aims, in a first aspect a cooking oven having a cavity, and an air circulation compartment separated by a rear wall, the posterior wall having a central opening located in the center of the rear wall and several peripheral openings located on the periphery of the rear wall, the oven further comprising air stirring means generating a flow of air flowing in the baking oven.

• une première position dans laquelle la partie centrale de l'ouverture centrale n'est pas obturée, le flux d'air traversant ladite ouverture centrale de la cavité vers le compartiment de circulation d'air, et les ouvertures périphériques du compartiment de circulation d'air vers la cavité, et
• une seconde position dans laquelle les moyens d'obturation sont positionnés en contact avec l'ouverture centrale de sorte que la partie centrale de l'ouverture centrale est obturée, le flux d'air traversant les ouvertures périphériques de la cavité vers le compartiment de circulation d'air, et l'ouverture centrale du compartiment de circulation d'air vers la cavité, le positionnement des moyens d'obturation dans la première position ou la seconde position étant fonction d'un mode de fonctionnement du four de cuisson.

According to the invention, the baking oven comprises shutter means shaped to close a central portion of the central opening and being movable between:

• a first position in which the central portion of the central opening is not closed, the air flow passing through said central opening of the cavity to the air circulation compartment, and the peripheral openings of the circulation compartment of air towards the cavity, and
• a second position in which the closure means are positioned in contact with the central opening so that the central portion of the central opening is closed, the air flow passing through the peripheral openings of the cavity to the circulation chamber of air, and the central opening of the air circulation compartment to the cavity, the positioning of the closure means in the first position or the second position depending on a mode of operation of the baking oven.

Thus, the direction of flow of the air flow generated when the shutter means are in the first position is reversed, without inverting the direction of rotation of the air mixing means, when the shutter means are positioned. in the second position, that is to say by placing closure means so as to close the central portion of the central opening.

Indeed, it has been observed that when the closure means are placed in the second position, the central portion of the central opening being closed, the air of the cavity exits through the peripheral openings to the circulation compartment of air enters the cavity through the central opening. And this, without having to change the operation of the air brewing means.

In addition, the flow of hot air out of the air circulation compartment through the central opening closed in its central part, concentrates in the center of the cavity and goes directly to the oven door in a direction perpendicular to the rear wall and the door, the oven door being located in front of the rear wall.

The temperature in the center of the cavity and at the oven door thus remains uniformly high.

Thus, for modes of operation of the furnace requiring a flow of hot air in the center of the cavity or for pyrolysis cleaning cycles, the closure means are positioned in the second position.

In other modes of operation in which the temperature in the center of the cavity may be less hot, the sealing means are positioned in the first position, that is to say without closing the central opening.

Therefore, the direction of the airflow flowing in the cavity can be reversed using simple and inexpensive means.

According to one characteristic, the central opening has a passage surface and the set of peripheral openings has a total passage surface, and the sealing means comprise a part having a surface having a predetermined value reducing the passage area of said central opening when the closure means are positioned in the second position, the reduced passage area of the central opening having a value less than twice the total passage area of all the peripheral openings.

The use of such a piece as a sealing means represents a simple practical implementation for reversing the flow direction of the flow of air flowing in the baking oven.

According to one characteristic, the baking oven comprises receiving means shaped to receive the closure means when they are positioned in the second position, the receiving means being housed in the cavity and fixed to the rear wall so that they receive the shutter means when positioned in the second position.

Thus, the receiving means are attached to the rear wall of the oven, and receive the closure means when the closure means are positioned in the second position, that is to say when the closure means are placed in order to close the central part of the central opening.

Note that when the closure means are positioned in the first position, the closure means are not placed in the receiving means.

Thus, when the shutter means are positioned in the second position and they must be positioned in the first position, the shutter means are removed from the receiving means.

The receiving means being attached to the rear wall and being housed in the cavity, are accessible to a user of the oven which positions the closure means in the first position or in the second position according to its convenience, for example according to the mode operating the oven.

In another embodiment, the closure means are housed in the cavity and are fixed to a wall forming the cavity by means of a moving part, so that the closing means can be positioned in the first position or in the second position.

In this embodiment, the closure means are attached to a wall forming the cavity, thus being accessible to a user of the oven so that he can position the closure means in the first position or in the second position according to its suitability by a simple movement of the assembly formed by the closing means and the moving part.

According to one characteristic, the baking oven further comprises a motor configured to set the closing means in motion so as to position it in the first position or in the second position.

In this embodiment, the oven comprises control means configured so that the shutter means are positioned in the first position or in the second position automatically, for example according to a mode of operation selected by a user.

According to one characteristic, the air mixing means comprise an air circulation fan comprising at least one propeller.

For example, the air circulation fan is non-reversible.

According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a method of operating a cooking oven having a cavity and an air circulation compartment separated by a posterior wall, the posterior wall having a central opening located in the center of the posterior wall. and a plurality of peripheral openings located on the periphery of the rear wall, the oven further comprising air stirring means generating a flow of air flowing in the baking oven.

According to the invention, the method comprises a step of positioning the closure means in a first position in which the closure means do not obstruct the central portion of the central opening, the air flow generated by the means air brewing through the central opening of the cavity to the air circulation compartment, and the peripheral openings of the air circulation compartment to the cavity, or in a second position in which the closure means are positioned in contact with the central opening so that the central portion of the central opening is closed, so that said air flow generated by the air mixing means passes through the peripheral openings of the cavity to the compartment of air flow, and said central opening of the air circulation compartment to the cavity, the positioning of the position means in the first position or in the second position t function of a cooking oven operating mode.

Thus, according to a mode of operation selected by a user, the sealing means are positioned in the first position or in the second position, the flow of air flowing in the oven in a first direction or in a second direction depending on the position of the sealing means.

In one embodiment, the step of positioning the closure means in the first position or in the second position is implemented manually by a user of the baking oven.

According to another embodiment, the step of positioning the shutter means in the first position or in the second position is implemented by a motor.

According to one characteristic, in the positioning step, sealing means are positioned in said second position in which the closure means are positioned in contact with the central opening so that the passage surface of the central opening is less than twice the passage area of the peripheral openings.

The operating method has features and advantages similar to those previously described in connection with the baking oven.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the description below.

• la figure 1a est un schéma représentant un four de cuisson en perspective avec un écorché partiel selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
• la figure 1b est une coupe latérale du four de cuisson de la figure 1a ;
• la figure 2 illustre un four de cuisson dans lequel les moyens d'obturation sont dans la première position ;
• la figure 3 illustre un four de cuisson dans lequel les moyens d'obturation sont dans la seconde position ; et
• les figures 4a et 4b illustrent une paroi postérieure comportant différents types d'ouvertures selon des variantes de réalisation.

In the accompanying drawings, given as non-limiting examples:

• the figure 1a is a diagram showing a baking oven in perspective with a partial cutaway according to an embodiment of the invention;
• the figure 1b is a side cut of the baking oven the figure 1a ;
• the figure 2 illustrates a baking oven in which the sealing means are in the first position;
• the figure 3 illustrates a cooking oven in which the sealing means are in the second position; and
• the Figures 4a and 4b illustrate a rear wall comprising different types of openings according to alternative embodiments.

The present invention finds its application in any type of baking oven having a ventilated cavity, such as a baking oven comprising a radial fan, especially in order to achieve air baking cooking modes, known as " rotating heat " or " pulsed heat ".

The figure 1 illustrates a baking oven in perspective with a partial cutaway to which the invention can be applied.

The baking oven has a cavity 2 adapted to receive food to be cooked and / or heated.

This cavity 2 is formed by a set of walls 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e and by the door 3 of the cooking oven 1.

The wall 2a located in front of the door 3 of the baking oven 1 is the rear wall.

The baking oven 1 further comprises an air circulation compartment 4 which is separated from the cavity 2 by the rear wall 2a.

In the air circulation compartment 4 are located air brewing means 5 or ventilation means.

In one embodiment, the air mixing means 5 comprise an air circulation fan comprising at least one propeller.

In the embodiment described, the air circulation fan is non-reversible, that is to say that the baking oven does not have a control means for reversing the direction of rotation of the propeller. fan.

The air mixing means generate an air flow when they are put into operation.

It will be noted that a cooking oven 1 comprising air-mixing means 5 which generates a flow of air circulating in the oven, is a cooking oven having a ventilated cavity. In such a furnace, it is thus possible to select cooking modes by " rotating heat " or " pulsed heat" in order to cook brewed air.

The rear wall 2a has a set of openings.

In the embodiment described, a central opening 6 is disposed in a central portion of the rear wall 2a. Peripheral openings 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d are located on the periphery of the rear wall 2a.

In the embodiment described, the rear wall 2a has four peripheral openings 7a-7d, each peripheral opening 7a-7d being located respectively at each corner of the rear wall 2a.

The openings 6, 7a-7d in the posterior wall 2a may have different shapes and sizes. One embodiment of the openings 6, 7a-7d is represented by the Figures 1a and 1 b.

The Figures 4a and 4b illustrate two other embodiments of the openings 6, 7a-7d.

In the embodiment illustrated by the Figures 1a and 1b , the central opening 6 has a circular shape and is composed of a set of slots. The central opening 6 comprises a set of concentric rings, each ring having several slots extending circularly and thus forming a circle.

In the embodiments illustrated by the figure 4a , the central opening 6 'has a circular shape and is composed of a set of slots 60' extending substantially radially and thus forming a circle.

In the embodiments illustrated by the figure 4b , the central opening 6 "has a polygonal shape and is composed of a set of circular holes 60".

Each peripheral opening 7a-7d, 7a'-7d ', 7a "-7d" is formed by a set of slots made in the rear wall 2a, 2a', 2a "and substantially forming a square shape.

The peripheral openings 7a-7d, 7a'-7d ', 7a "-7d" may be identical or different from each other. One embodiment is represented by the Figures 1a and 1b and second and third embodiments are represented by the Figures 4a and 4b .

The central opening 6, 6 ', 6 "has a passage area of value Sc and the set of peripheral openings 7a-7d, 7a'-7d', 7a" -7d "has a total passage area of value Sp .

The term "passage surface" means the actual surface of all the slots or holes allowing the passage of air through the opening.

It will be noted that the total passing surface of the set of peripheral openings 7a-7d, 7a'-7d ', 7a "-7d" corresponds to the sum of the passage surfaces of each peripheral opening 7a-7d, 7a'-7d ', 7a "-7d".

Other embodiments for central opening and peripheral openings are possible. Thus, the shape and size of the openings may be different.

It should be noted that a person skilled in the art has the knowledge necessary for producing these openings according to the different embodiments while keeping the necessary air circulation in the cooking oven.

In the embodiment described, the passage area of the central opening Sc is at least twice the total passage area of the peripheral openings Sp.

Note that this ratio between the passage surfaces Sc, Sp may vary depending on the shape of the openings 6, 7a-7d. The skilled person has the knowledge to adapt the shape and size of the openings to implement a flow of air in the baking oven.

In the embodiment described, the air circulation fan 5 is located vis-à-vis the central opening 6.

The size of the air circulation fan 5, in particular the propellers, is a function of the central opening 6, 6 ', 6 ". The size to be given to the propellers with respect to the size and the passage surface Sc of the central opening 6, 6 ', 6 "is known to those skilled in the art.

The baking oven 1 further comprises heating elements (not visible in the figures) located so as to heat the air flow generated by the air circulation fan 5.

The central opening 6 and the peripheral openings 7a-7d form air inlet means in the cavity 2 or air outlet means of the cavity 2.

In a cooking oven 1 such as that illustrated in FIG. figure 1 when the air circulation fan 5 is turned on, the air in the cavity 2 is absorbed by the central opening 6 entering the air circulation compartment 4.

The air arriving at the air circulation compartment 4 is centrifugally rejected by the air circulation fan 5, thus arriving at the peripheral openings 7a-7d. The air is then expelled from the air circulation compartment 4 towards the cavity 2, this air discharged into the cavity 2 having been heated by the heating elements situated in the air circulation compartment 4.

A fan 5 as described is said to be "axial-radial", that is to say that it sucks axially air at its center and expels it radially at its periphery.

It will be noted that the central opening 6 represents air outlet means of the cavity 2 and the peripheral openings 7a-7d represent air inlet means in the cavity 2.

The flow of air flowing in the furnace is represented on the Figures 2 and 3 in dotted lines.

The Figures 2 and 3 schematically illustrate a perspective baking oven according to an embodiment in which the air flow is illustrated.

The baking oven 1 further comprises closure means 8 (shown in FIG. figure 3 ) shaped to seal a central part of the central opening 6.

The closure means 8 are movable between two positions, a first position in which the central portion of the central opening 6 6 ', 6 "is not closed and a second position in which the central portion of the central opening 6, 6 ', 6 "is closed.

In the figure 2 , the closing means 8 are positioned in the first position. Thus, in the embodiment described, the shutter means 8 are not visible in this figure.

As described above with reference to Figures 1a and 1b when closure means are positioned in the first position, the air in the cavity 2 exits the cavity 2 through the central opening 6, enters the air circulation compartment 4, and exits the circulation compartment 4 air through the peripheral openings 7a-7d.

Thus, the central opening 6 constitutes air outlet means of the cavity 2 and the peripheral openings 7a-7b constitute air inlet means in the cavity 2.

The figure 3 represents a baking oven 1 in which the closure means 8 are located in the second position, in which they are positioned in contact with the central opening 6 so that the central portion of the central opening 6 is closed.

It has been observed that when the closing means 8 are positioned in the second position, the flow direction of the air flow is reversed. This is due to hydraulic disturbances caused by the positioning of the closure means in the second position. In this case, the peripheral openings 7a-7d constitute air outlets of the cavity 2 and the central opening 6 constitutes air inlet means in the cavity 2.

Thus, when the air circulation fan 5 is put into operation (the propellers always rotating in the same direction as in the first position illustrated by the figure 2 ), the air in the cavity 2 exits the cavity 2 through the peripheral openings 7a-7d and enters the air circulation compartment 4. The air in the air circulation compartment 4 then passes through the central opening 6 to enter the cavity 2.

This reversal of the flow direction of the air flow in the baking oven 1, in particular in the cavity 2, allows the air flow generated by the air circulation fan 5 to be heated by the heating elements and between in the cavity 2 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the posterior wall 2a. Thus, the air flow is directly projected towards the door 3 of the baking oven 1 thus passing through the center of the cavity 2.

Thus, when the closing means 8 are positioned in the second position (as shown in FIG. figure 3 ), the cooking modes requiring a high temperature in the center of the cavity 2 are implemented effectively.

In addition, when a pyrolysis cycle is selected, the hot air arriving on the door 3 of the baking oven 1 allows a removal of dirt deposited on the door 3 effectively.

In one embodiment, the closure means comprise a part having a surface So having a predetermined value reducing the passage area of the central opening Sc when the closing means 8 are positioned in the second position, the surface of passage reduced by the central opening Sc 'having a value less than twice the total passage area of the peripheral openings Sp.

It has been experimentally proved that when the passage area of the central opening Sc was reduced so that its value is less than twice the value of the total passage area of the peripheral openings Sp, the direction of flow of the flow of air circulating in the baking oven is reversed without reversing the direction of rotation of the air circulation fan 5.

In the embodiment described, the piece has a circular shape.

Of course, the shape of this piece may be different.

According to one embodiment, the baking oven 1 comprises receiving means (not visible in the figures) shaped to receive the closure means 8 when positioned in the second position.

In such an embodiment, the receiving means are housed in the cavity 2 and are fixed to the rear wall 2a so that when they receive the closure means 8, the closure means 8 seal the central portion of the the central opening 6.

Thus, a user depending on the operating mode that will implement, positions the closure means 8 in the receiving means or not.

According to another embodiment, the closure means 8 are housed in the cavity 2 and are fixed to a wall, for example the rear wall 2a, by means of a moving part (not visible in the figures) so that the shutter means 8 can be moved between the first position and the second position.

Thus, for example, a user of the baking oven can move the assembly formed by the closure means 8 and the moving part, in order to position the closure means in the first position or in the second position, for respectively do not close the central part of the central opening 6 or to close the central part of the central opening 6.

The user can thus select the positioning of the closure means 8 in the first position or in the second position depending on the cooking mode that he wishes to implement.

The baking oven 1 comprises electronic circuits (not visible in the figures) controlling the operation of the baking oven 1. In particular, the electronic circuits managing the operation of the baking oven 1 implement a method of operating the baking oven 1 having a step of positioning the closure means 8 in the first position or in the second position, the positioning of the closure means 8 being a function of an operating mode of the baking oven 1.

In one embodiment, the baking oven 1 further comprises a motor configured to move the closure means 8 to position it in the first position or in the second position.

In one embodiment, the motor implements the positioning of the shutter means 8 in the first position or in the second position according to commands received from the electronic circuits that control the operation of the cooking oven 1.

In another embodiment, the step of positioning the closure means in the first position or in the second position is implemented manually by a user of the baking oven 1.

Thus, for example, when the user will implement a pyrolysis cycle, he positions the closure means 8 in the second position, as shown in FIG. figure 3 .

It does the same when it selects a cooking mode requiring a constant high temperature in the center of the cavity 2.

For example, the step of positioning the closure means 8 is implemented by the user by exerting a movement on the assembly formed by the moving part and the closing means 8.

In another embodiment, it introduces the closure means 8 (circular piece) into the receiving means.

In another embodiment, the positioning of the shutter means 8 in the first position or the second position is set to implement according to an action performed on a control means in a user interface.

A user interface notably comprises display means and control means. The user acts on the control means to configure operating parameters of the cooking oven 1. The user can also select the desired operating mode through this user interface.

Information on the operation of the baking oven 1 such as user selected user settings is displayed by the display means.

In one embodiment, a user can by performing an action on a control means in the user interface, control the motor to position the shutter means 8 in the first position or in the second position.

In other embodiments, the user selects a desired operating mode, for example a particular cooking mode, the electronic control circuits of operation of the cooking oven 1 implementing the step of positioning the means of operation. shutter 8 in the first position or in the second position automatically.

Claims (11)

Cooking oven (1) having a cavity (2), and an air circulation compartment (4) separated by a rear wall (2a; 2a '; 2a "), the rear wall (2a; 2a'; 2a '; ) having a central opening (6; 6a ';6a'') in the center of the rear wall (2a; 2a'; 2a '') and a plurality of peripheral openings (7a-7d; 7a'-7d '; 7a "-7d"); ) situated on the periphery of the rear wall (2a; 2a '; 2a "), the baking oven (1) further comprising air mixing means (5) generating a flow of air flowing in the oven of cooking, said baking oven (1) being characterized in that it comprises closure means (8) shaped to close a central part of the central opening (6; 6a '; 6a ") and being movable between: a first position in which the central part of the central opening (6; 6a ';6a'') is not closed off, the flow of air passing through said central opening (6; 6a'; 6a '') of the cavity to the air circulation compartment (4), and the peripheral openings (7a-7d; 7a'-7d '; 7a "-7d") of the air circulation compartment (4) to the cavity (2), and a second position in which the closure means (8) are positioned in contact with the central opening (6; 6a '; 6a ") so that the central part of the central opening (6; 6a'; 6a ') ") is closed off and the air flow passes through the peripheral openings (7a-7d; 7a'-7d ';7a" -7d ") from the cavity (2) to the air circulation compartment (4), and said central opening (6; 6a '; 6a ") of the air circulation compartment to the cavity (2), positioning said shutter means in said first position or said second position depending on a mode of operation of said baking oven. Cooking oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the central opening (6) having a passage surface (Sc) and the set of peripheral openings (7a-7d; 7a'-7d '; 7a "- 7d ") having a total passage area (Sp), the closure means (8) comprises a part having a surface (So) having a predetermined value reducing the passage area of said central opening (6; 6a ';6a;") when the closure means (8) are positioned in the second position, the reduced passage area of the central opening (Sc ') having a value less than twice the total passage area of all the peripheral openings (Sp) . Cooking oven according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises receiving means shaped to receive said closure means (8) when positioned in the second position, said receiving means being housed in the cavity (2) and attached to said rear wall (2a; 2a '; 2a ") so that they receive the closure means when positioned in said second position. Cooking oven according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said closure means (8) are housed in the cavity and are fixed to a wall forming said cavity (2) by means of a piece mobile, so that said sealing means (8) can be positioned in said first position or in said second position. Cooking oven according to claim 4, characterized in that it further comprises a motor configured to set the closing means (8) in motion so as to position them in said first position or said second position. Cooking oven according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the air mixing means (5) comprise an air circulation fan comprising at least one propeller. Cooking oven according to claim 6, characterized in that said air circulation fan is non-reversible. A method of operating a cooking oven (1) having a cavity (2), and an air circulation compartment (4) separated by a rear wall (2a; 2a '; 2a "), the rear wall (2a; 2a '; 2a ") having a central opening (6; 6';6") in the center of the rear wall (2a) and a plurality of peripheral openings (7a-7d; 7a'-7d '; 7a "-7d" ) located on the periphery of the rear wall (2), the baking oven (1) further comprising air brewing means (5) generating a flow of air flowing in the baking oven (1), said characterized in that it comprises a step of positioning of closure means (8) in a first position in which the closure means do not obstruct the central part of the central opening (6; 6 '; 6 "), the air flow generated by the air stirring means (5) passing through said central opening (6; 6a '; 6a ") from the cavity to the air circulation compartment (4), and the peripheral openings (7a-7d; 7a'-7d 7a "-7d") of the air circulation compartment (4) towards the cavity (2), or in a second position in which the sealing means (8) are positioned in contact with the central opening of so that the central part of the central opening (6; 6 '; 6 ") is closed, so that said air flow generated by the air-mixing means (5) passes through the peripheral openings (7a-7d 7a'-7d '; 7a "-7d") from the cavity (2) to the air circulation compartment (4), and said central opening (6; 6a'; 6a ") of the circulation compartment of air towards the cavity ( 2), the positioning of the closure means (8) in said first position or in said second position being a function of an operating mode of said baking oven (1). Operating method according to claim 8, characterized in that said step of positioning the closure means (8) in said first position or in said second position is implemented manually by a user of said baking oven (1). Operating method according to claim 8, characterized in that said step of positioning the closure means (8) in said first position or in said second position is implemented by a motor. Operating method according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that when, in the positioning step, the closing means (8) are positioned in said second position, the closing means (8) are positioned in contact with the central opening (6; 6 '; 6 ") so that the passage area of the central opening (6) is less than twice the passage area of the peripheral openings (7a-7d; 7a "-7d").

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