EP3182164B1 - Façonnage de distribution de bruit pour signaux, en particulier des signaux cdma, avec atténuation de signaux d'artéfact - Google Patents

Façonnage de distribution de bruit pour signaux, en particulier des signaux cdma, avec atténuation de signaux d'artéfact Download PDF

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EP3182164B1
EP3182164B1 EP15003562.4A EP15003562A EP3182164B1 EP 3182164 B1 EP3182164 B1 EP 3182164B1 EP 15003562 A EP15003562 A EP 15003562A EP 3182164 B1 EP3182164 B1 EP 3182164B1
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Prior art keywords
signal
interest
blanking
received signal
received
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German (de)
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EP3182164A1 (fr
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Francis Soualle
Mathieu Cattenoz
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Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
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Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
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Priority to EP15003562.4A priority Critical patent/EP3182164B1/fr
Priority to CA2951892A priority patent/CA2951892A1/fr
Priority to US15/377,273 priority patent/US10348344B2/en
Priority to JP2016242288A priority patent/JP6943565B2/ja
Publication of EP3182164A1 publication Critical patent/EP3182164A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
    • H04B1/1027—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference assessing signal quality or detecting noise/interference for the received signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13—Receivers
    • G01S19/24—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/16—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/27—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for locating or positioning the transmitter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/318—Received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/336—Signal-to-interference ratio [SIR] or carrier-to-interference ratio [CIR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/364—Delay profiles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13—Receivers
    • G01S19/24—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
    • G01S19/30—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system code related

Definitions

  • the invention relates to noise distribution shaping for signals, particularly for the application in receivers for CDMA signals.
  • Interferences on radio signals such as CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) signals emitted by satellites of a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) particularly occur in impulse noise environments such as in the neighbourhood of vehicle ignition systems, power lines, heavy current switches or microwave ovens.
  • the interferences occurring in these environments are usually emitted in bursts and, thus, cannot be modelled as Gaussian.
  • a (noise) blanker can be applied in a signal receiver.
  • the blanker sets received signal samples to zero when they contain high power pulsed interferences.
  • the typical blanker uses two fixed thresholds BTH+ and BTH-, which are symmetrical to zero (
  • Typical receivers for CDMA signals are equipped with such a blanker.
  • the blanker In the absence of interference, which may be for some signal receivers a frequent situation, the blanker still operates and sets the portions of a received signal to zero, which are affected by large thermal noise samples (usually modelled as Gaussian). However, this may lead to an undesired reduction of the Signal-to-Noise and Interference Ratio (SNIR).
  • SNIR Signal-to-Noise and Interference Ratio
  • European patent application no. 14290171.9 which considered as comprised in the state of the art according to Article 54(3) of the European Patent Convention, describes to offset either blanking thresholds or a received signal by an offset value.
  • the main advantage of this blanking approach is seen in the suppression of the degradation of the SNIR of a received CDMA signal when there are no pulsed interferences and even an improvement of the SNIR.
  • This blanking concept is also described in the publication " GNSS Receiver Performance Augmentation With a Smart Adaptive Noise Blanker in Pulse-Free Environment", Mathieu Cattenoz, Francis Soualle, "7th ESA Workshop on Satellite Navigation Technologies (NAVITEC). 3-5 December 2014 at the European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) in Noordwijk, The Netherlands.
  • the adaptive blanker continues to apply the offset, as though the signal would be present while it is not.
  • the "received" signal is only constituted of noise samples
  • applying the offset thresholds of the blanking creates a sort of "artefact" or "ghost" signal which will be tracked by the receiver.
  • the present invention proposes to alert the adaptive threshold of the absence of a signal of interest (i.e. the signal to be tracked), and then to ignore the outputs of a receiver for further processing, or alternatively to deactivate the adaptive blanker.
  • the present invention discloses method(s) used to detect the absence of signal and the "alerting" scheme.
  • the solution of the problem of the disappearing of a tracked signal according to the present invention consists in detecting if a tracked signal or signal of interest is present, and if the signal of interest is not present to ignore the outputs of the receiver (for example code and carrier phase estimates) for further processing, or alternatively to deactivate the adaptation of the blanking threshold which will result in applying a conventional blanking.
  • the present invention is based on the blanking approach described in the European patent application no. 14290171.9 , which consists in offsetting either blanking thresholds or a received signal by an offset value.
  • this offset value can depend on the amplitude of the received signal.
  • the amplitude of the received signal can be calculated based on the estimated power, P est , of the received signal and its sign.
  • P est estimated power
  • the amplitude of the signal can have a positive or a negative value.
  • the offset value can be for example calculated by multiplying the square root of the estimated power with a predefined scaling factor ⁇ which can be positive or negative: ⁇ sqrt(P est ). It has been found by the inventors that in case of CDMA signals, a scaling factor +1 or -1 - so that the offset value is ⁇ sqrt(P est ) - depending on the chip value, has advantageous effects.
  • an offsetting can be performed with the signal amplitude.
  • the most important aspect is that the noise is dominant, i.e. has much larger power than the received signal power P, and therefore to its estimate P est .
  • at least one blanking threshold may be adapted depending on the estimated received power and the binary chip value of the received CDMA signals.
  • the binary chip value of a CDMA signal is known by a CDMA signal receiver a priori since the spreading sequence used to code the CDMA signal is constituted of a sequence of chips, which has to be known by a receiver for decoding and despreading the CDMA signal.
  • the estimated chip amplitude is ⁇ sqrt(P est ) while the binary chip value is ⁇ 1.
  • the adaption of the at least one blanking threshold depending on the binary chip values of received CDMA signals modifies the noise distribution of the output of a blanker of a CDMA signal receiver.
  • the samples of the CDMA signals may be adapted, for example offset; then, the adapted CDMA samples may be compared with fixed blanking thresholds, and the noise distribution of the sampled CDMA signals may be modified by applying blanking.
  • An offsetting of the samples of CDMA signals may be performed by a value depending on the estimated chip amplitude of the CDMA signals. For example, the binary chip value scaled by the estimated amplitude of a received CDMA signal may be added or subtracted from samples of the received CDMA signal, according to the chip polarity. Those samples are then fed to the blanker with non-offset thresholds. After the blanking operation the offsetting of the samples of the CDMA signal can be removed.
  • the invention extends from the concept of two blanking thresholds BTH+, BTH- with opposite values, as described above, to a set of N blanking thresholds BTH ⁇ i,k,n ⁇ which "cuts" regions of the distribution of samples of a received signal, and particularly a CDMA signal, at the input of a blanker to improve again the SNIR.
  • i is the index of the channel processing the i th signal source among I sources
  • k is a time index
  • n is a threshold index, among N thresholds.
  • a different chip sequence also called replica is used and therefore a different threshold should be applied to each time instant.
  • the signal amplitude is offset by an offset value, while the blanking thresholds are kept fixed.
  • the offset signal is fed to the blanker with non-offset thresholds. After blanking operation, the offset applied to the blanked signal can be removed.
  • the main advantage of the invention is the reduction of the degradation of the SNIR of a received CDMA signal when there are no pulsed interferences, and even an improvement of the robustness in case of synchronisation errors caused for example by noise, dynamic or multipath.
  • the present invention can be applied to any kind of signals, particularly spread spectrum coded signal such as CDMA signals, particularly to BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying)- and BOC (Binary Offset Carrier)-modulated CDMA signals used by GNSS such as (NAVSTAR-)GPS (Global Positioning System) or the European GNSS Galileo.
  • CDMA signals particularly to CDMA signals
  • BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying
  • BOC Binary Offset Carrier-modulated CDMA signals used by GNSS
  • GNSS such as (NAVSTAR-)GPS (Global Positioning System) or the European GNSS Galileo.
  • GNSS Global Positioning System
  • BOC signals each chip with a single “plateau” (in case of for example a BPSK-modulated signal) is replaced by several smaller plateaus [+1,-1].
  • the present invention which is presented for the transition of a for example BPSK-modulated signal single plateau, would apply to the transitions of the sub-plateaus of a BOC-modulated signal, or any other signal comprising transitions, like for example chirp radar signals, or continuous wave signals.
  • the signal transitions are transitions between consecutive chips of a sequence of chips used for coding the signal.
  • a signal transition is generally understood as a transition between signal states in a time frame, like the transitions between bits, chips or symbols of a sequence of bits, chips or symbols respectively.
  • signal transition can also occur between two consecutive signal states, particularly bits, chips or symbols, although of the same polarity, not even of different polarity.
  • An embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for noise distribution shaping for signals comprising the acts of receiving a signal of interest from a signal transmitter, detecting whether the received signal of interest is present, and if the received signal of interest is present iteratively performing the following steps of adapting the at least one blanking threshold or the received signal of interest according to an offset value depending on the amplitude of the received signal of interest, generating a blanking control signal by comparing the received signal of interest with the at least one blanking threshold, and modifying the noise distribution of the received signal of interest by applying blanking of the received signal of interest under control of the blanking control signal.
  • the one or more further channels for processing received signals suitable for assessing the presence of the signal of interest may be formed by one or more of the following: an additional receiver channel for processing without an adaptive blanking another signal transmitted by the same transmitter as for the signal of interest for which the adaptive blanking is applied ; an additional receiver channel for processing without adaptive blanking another component than the component for which adaptive blanking is applied of the signal of interest, when the signal of interest comprises multiplexed components; another receiver channel for processing without adaptive blanking the same signal of interest for which adaptive blanking is applied; a single receiver channel for processing the signal of interest with a specific control law for the activation and deactivation of adaptive blanking to detect the presence of the signal of interest.
  • the processing of information from the one or more further channels may comprise one or more of the following: performing a power estimation of a received signal; performing a Carrier-to-Noise ratio estimation of a received signal; estimating the jitter of the delay and/or phase tracking loops processing a received signal.
  • the processing of information from the one or more further channels may comprise detecting the presence of the signal of interest based on the power estimation of one or more received signals, the Carrier-to-Noise ratio estimation of one or more received signals, and/or the jitter estimation of the delay and/or phase tracking loops of one or more received signals.
  • the processing of the presence of the received signal of interest from information on obstructions between the transmitter of the received signal of interest and the receiver may comprise one or more of the following: determining the location of the receiver and determining from the location an obstruction for signal reception, particularly a bridge or tunnel on the determined receiver location, which can obscure reception of the signal of interest from a GNSS satellite; determining the position of a potential obstacle for signal reception and determining from the position a potential obstruction for signal reception, particularly the position of a solar panel of a GNSS satellite containing the receiver, which can obscure reception of the signal of interest by the GNSS satellite.
  • the act of detecting whether the received signal of interest is present may comprise the following acts of determining the power estimation and/or the Carrier-to-Noise ratio estimation and/or the jitter estimation of the delay and/or phase tracking loops of the received signal of interest over a predefined time period, either comparing at least one absolute value of the determined power estimation and/or Carrier-to-Noise ratio estimation and/or the jitter estimation of the delay and/or phase tracking loops with at least one profile of an expected power estimation and/or expected Carrier-to-Noise ratio estimation and/or expected jitter estimation of the delay and/or phase tracking loops of the signal of interest being received under nominal conditions, particularly known receiving conditions such as a stationary receiver, or comparing at least one variation value of the determined power estimation and/or Carrier-to-Noise ratio estimation and/or the jitter estimation of the delay and/or phase tracking loops of the signal of interest being received under varying conditions, particularly a receiver moving in an environment with unknown receiving conditions, with at least one threshold, and
  • the at least one profile of the expected power estimation and/or expected Carrier-to-Noise ratio estimation and/or expected jitter estimation of the delay and/or phase tracking loops may be determined based on the received signal of interest with a modified noise distribution by applying blanking of the received signal of interest under an adaptable control of the blanking control signal such that successive activations and deactivations of the adaptive blanking follow a known time-profile.
  • the at least one threshold may be determined based on the amplitude variations of the estimated Carrier-to-Noise ratio and/or estimated power and/or the estimated jitter of the delay and/or phase tracking loops, wherein the amplitude is obtained during a cycle of activation and deactivation of adaptive blanking.
  • a yet further embodiment of the invention relates to a device for noise distribution shaping for signals comprising means for receiving a signal of interest from a signal transmitter, means for detecting whether the received signal of interest is present and generating a presence detection signal, means for generating a blanking control signal depending on the presence detection signal by comparing the received signal of interest with at least one blanking threshold, means for adapting the at least one blanking threshold or the received signal of interest according to an offset value depending on the amplitude of the received signal of interest, and means for modifying the noise distribution of the received signal of interest by applying blanking of the received signal of interest under control of the blanking control signal and depending on the presence detection signal.
  • a yet further embodiment of the invention relates to a GNSS receiver circuitry comprising an analog to digital converter for generating samples of received CDMA signals, a plurality of noise distribution shapers for modifying the noise distribution of the sampled CDMA signals according to the invention and as described herein, and a GNSS signal processor for processing the sampled CDMA signals output by the noise distribution shapers and for outputting chip values of the processed CDMA signals.
  • ⁇ is a scaling factor for example
  • P est is the estimated power
  • B0 the blanking threshold without offset (as for a conventional receiver).
  • B0 can be set for example to 0.5 ⁇ noise where ⁇ noise represents the standard deviation for the thermal noise.
  • both blanking thresholds BTH + and BTH - could still be adapted, as though the signal of interest would be present, over a further period of time following the fading of the signal, whose duration depends on the update rate of the power estimation used to evaluate P est or the actualisation rate of the power estimation P est if this one is brought by another channel, or another mean for providing the power estimation.
  • the magnitude, which is used to derive these thresholds could be based on the last estimation of the signal amplitude, just before the signal of interest disappeared.
  • P est can also be estimated with a simple algorithm accounting only for the geometry, for example the combination of an orbit propagator in case the transmitting source is a satellite, and a down link budget calculator, but ignoring any obstructions.
  • P est can also be estimated with a simple algorithm accounting only for the geometry, for example the combination of an orbit propagator in case the transmitting source is a satellite, and a down link budget calculator, but ignoring any obstructions.
  • Fig. 1 shows the flowchart of a general embodiment of a method for noise distribution shaping for GNSS signals according to the invention applying a blanking depending on a signal of interest detection, which can be implemented as a computer program to be executed by a processor.
  • the term "steps” used in the following description does not mean that the steps are performed in a certain sequence, since the single steps can also be performed in parallel. Thus, “steps” must be understood as “acts performed by the method”.
  • step S10 the method receives a GNSS signal of interest.
  • the method detects if the received GNSS signal of interest is present, particularly with methods as described later in detail.
  • step S13 the method checks whether the received GNSS signal of interest is present.
  • step S14 If so, the method continues with step S14. If step S13 determines that the received GNSS signal of interest is no longer present, the method returns to step S10. Alternatively to returning to step S10, it is also possible to deactivate the adaptive blanking, particularly by setting the thresholds back to conventional symmetrical values resulting in a conventional use of the blanker.
  • Step S14 and the following steps S16, S18, and S20 perform a blanking of the received GNSS signal of interest: step S14 adapts one or more blanking thresholds of the received GNSS signal of interest, step S16 generates a blanking control signal, step S18 performs the blanking of the received of interest, and step S20 outputs the blanked received GNSS signal of interest.
  • Steps S14 to S20 are iteratively performed. It should be noted that the steps of the method shown by the flowchart of Fig. 1 are performed in parallel, i.e. the method continuously receives a GNSS signal of interest and checks its presence in the steps S10 to S13 in parallel to the blanking steps S14 to S20. Thus, the steps S10 to S13 can be performed in parallel to the steps S14 to S20. The steps S14 to S20 are however only performed if step S13 determines that the received GNSS signal of interest is still present.
  • the invention proposes the following variants of other methods for signal of interest presence detection: For transmission sources which transmit several signals simultaneously, in different frequency bands, like the Galileo E1 signals transmitted at carrier 1575.42 MHz, or the Galileo E5 signals at carrier 1191.795MHz multiplexing the following four components E5a-I Data component, E5a-Q Pilot component, E5b-I Data component and E5b-Q Pilot component, or for multiplexed signals, like the Galileo E1-Open Service signals which combine a Pilot E1-C and a Data E1-B component, it is proposed to use the power estimation and/or the Carrier-to-Noise ratio estimation and/or the jitter estimation of the delay and/or phase tracking loops of the channel for one or several of the Galileo E5 components, for example the E5a-I Data component, or the E1-B Data component, which would not apply the adaptive threshold, to inform the receiver channel processing the E1-C Pilot component, which would apply the adaptive threshold, of the presence or absence
  • An alternative less consuming in term of hardware resources, for signals having a single component, consists in deactivating the adaptive blanking threshold from time to time, and monitoring the corresponding correlator output to observe a possible collapse which would be symptomatic of the absence of the signal.
  • a periodical activation/deactivation profile of the adaptive blanker could be proposed.
  • the corresponding deactivation period should not be too large w.r.t. the activating period in order to still maintain the performance improvement brought by the adaptive blanking threshold.
  • the first category of methods is based on a strong knowledge of the presence or not of the signal of interest.
  • This additional channel serves as "witness" for the presence of the signal of interest, by using a rapid collapse of the estimated (C/NO) or the estimated power or alternatively an increase of the tracking jitter. This information could then be used to deactivate the adaptive blanker.
  • Fig. 3 represents the main functional blocks of an embodiment of a GNSS receiver circuitry 10 with a noise distribution shaper and a detection of the presence or absence of a GNSS signal according to the invention from the antenna output to the correlator whose output is used for both signal tracking and demodulation.
  • the output signal of the antenna is in block 12 firstly filtered at RF to reduce the effects of potential out-of-band interferers, and to preserve thus the Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA) or other components of the receiver front-end. Then the signal is amplified in block 12 in an LNA with a minimal degradation of the receiver noise figure and low pass filtered in block14.
  • LNA Low-Noise Amplifier
  • ADC Automatic Gain Control
  • the digitized output signal of the ADC 18 is supplied to several “processing channels” 20 and 28 in parallel.
  • a first "processing channel” 20 shows the channel for the signal 1, with the application of an adaptive blanker 22.
  • the other additional “processing channels” 28 do not apply any adaptive blanker and are used for the detection of the presence or absence of the signal 1 of interest.
  • parameters like the (C/NO) estimator, power estimator, or the jitter of the Delay and Phase tracking loops can be used for the detection.
  • Not applying the adaptive blanker means that no offset is applied and that the detection thresholds are set at a very high value in such a way that samples are zero only in case of strong interferences (conventional application of blanker as mitigation against powerful and pulsed interferences).
  • Each one of the “processing channels” comprises a correlator 24 and tracking loops 26 as conventional GNSS receivers.
  • Each one of the additional “processing channels” 28 comprises a power estimator 30 for estimating the power of the output signal of the respective correlator 24. Instead of a power estimator, a (C/NO) estimator or jitter of the Delay and Phase tracking loops can be applied.
  • the outputs of the power estimators 30 are supplied to a presence detector with voting logic 32, which generates a blanking activation/deactivation signal fed to the blanker 22.
  • the presence detector with voting logic 32 detects the presence (or absence) of the signal 1 based on the power estimations of signal 1*, 2* to N* (or (C/NO) estimations or jitter of Delay and Phase tracking loops) and generates the blanking activation/deactivation signal depending on the signal 1 presence/absence detection.
  • a combined monitoring of the (C/NO) for both signal 1 with monitoring and signal 1* without monitoring can also provide information on the presence of interference or obstruction: for an interference both (C/NO) would be reduced with the same value, while for an obstruction the (C/NO) for the signal 1* would collapse and the (C/NO) for the signal 1 would reduce by several (possibly tenth of) dB.
  • An alternative method proposed to detect the presence or not of the signal consists in using the same channel and deactivating the adaptive blanker at given times. Here only one channel would be necessary when compared to the former method.
  • C/NO variations of the
  • Estimates of the Delay and Phase tracking loops during the deactivations and activations of the adaptive blanker, it is possible to detect if the signal of interest is present.
  • a periodical activation and deactivation cycle of the adaptive blanker it is also possible to consider a non-periodical activation and deactivation cycle of the adaptive blanker but rather pseudo-random pattern which is known only from receiver.
  • the absolute value of the monitored (C/NO) or power or jitter of the Delay and Phase tracking loops varies according to an expected profile under nominal conditions, particularly known receiving conditions such as a stationary receiver during the deactivation and activation cycle, it means that the signal is present.
  • a profile for the expected value of the (C/NO) or power or jitter of the Delay and Phase tracking loops can namely be pre-calibrated under such nominal conditions. If the monitored (C/NO) or power or jitter of the Delay and Phase tracking loops does not belong to this profile during the deactivation and activation cycle it means that the signal is not present ("ghost signal" scenario). In that case the corresponding GNSS observables (code, phase estimates from the loops) would not be used for further processing (Positioning in case of GPS applications).
  • the monitored (C/NO) or power or jitter of the Delay and Phase tracking loops varies according to the expected improvement brought by the adaptive blanker during the deactivation and activation cycle, it means that the signal is present.
  • the amplitude of variations for the (C/NO) estimation or power estimations or jitter estimation of the Delay and Phase tracking loops corresponds to the possible benefit that can be obtained by the application of the inventive adaptive blanking.
  • the receiver performances alternate between improved with adaptive blanker and not improved as for a conventional receiver.
  • a threshold which could be derived from a pre-calibration performed by the receiver manufacturer and based on this expected amplitude variations would enable to detect the presence of the signal of interest.
  • the proposed method based on the comparison between the actual (C/NO) with adaptive blanker and a calibrated profile, works as long as no interference occurs, except if the use of other channels tracking other signals that the signal of interest for which (C/NO) would also decrease in case of interference and would help inferring on the presence of the signal of interest for the channel applying the adaptive blanker.
  • Fig. 3 shows a flowchart of a method for noise distribution shaping for any of I CDMA signals according to the invention, which can be implemented as a computer program to be executed by a processor.
  • the term "steps” used in the following description does not mean that the steps are performed in a certain sequence, since the single steps can also be performed in parallel. Thus, “steps” must be understood as “acts performed by the method”.
  • the method receives in step S0 digitized CDMA signal samples of the i th CDMA signal from the ADC 16.
  • step S12 the chip values of the i th CDMA signal are provided, which are known a priori and stored in a memory.
  • step S13 the i th CDMA signal from the ADC 16 is provided in order to estimate the power of the i th received signal.
  • the scaled estimated chip amplitudes are then used in step S14 to offset predefined blanking thresholds BTH pre (i) to generate a set of blanking thresholds BTH+(i) and BTH-(i) for each CDMA signal.
  • the method With the set of blanking thresholds BTH(i) and the received digitized CDMA signal samples, the method generates in step S10 a blanking control signal for each CDMA signal i.
  • the blanking control signal generation in step S10 is controlled by one or more blanker activation/deactivation signals generated by method 3 for signal presence detection as described above.
  • the noise distribution of the received samples of the i th CDMA signal is shaped by a blanking process controlled by the i th blanking control signal generated in step S10.
  • the CDMA signal samples with shaped noise distribution are finally output to a GNSS signal processor for further processing.
  • the CDMA signal samples can be input to method 2 and/or method 3 and/or method 4 for signal presence detection as described above.
  • the present invention allows reducing the degradation of the SNIR of a received signal when this one is present, particularly a CMDA signal, when there are no pulsed interferences by offsetting the blanking thresholds or the signal depending on the amplitude of the signal, for example with the scaled amplitude (the amplitude can be positive or negative according to the chip value) of a received CDMA signal, and by comparing the amplitude (algebraic value) of samples of the received signal to the blanking thresholds.
  • the present invention avoids further processing the correlator outputs of the channel applying the adaptive blanker when the signal of interest is absent and avoid in that way the creating of an "artefact" signal of interest.
  • the present invention can be used for receivers for navigation and communication applications. In general the invention is for interest for all terrestrial or space based applications in telecommunication for all kinds of signal transmissions buried in high level noise.
  • At least some of the functionality of the invention may be performed by hard- or software.
  • a single or multiple standard microprocessors or microcontrollers or signal processors may be used to process a single or multiple algorithms implementing the invention.
  • a single or multiple standard microprocessors or microcontrollers or signal processors may be used to process a single or multiple algorithms implementing the invention.
  • an ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • F Field Programmable Gate Array

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé pour une mise en forme de distribution de bruit pour des signaux comprenant les actions consistant à
    - recevoir un signal d'intérêt en provenance d'un émetteur de signal (S10),
    - détecter si le signal d'intérêt reçu est ou non présent (S12), et
    - si le signal d'intérêt reçu est présent, réaliser de manière itérative les étapes suivantes consistant à
    - régler au moins un seuil de suppression ou le signal d'intérêt reçu selon une valeur de décalage en fonction de l'amplitude du signal d'intérêt reçu (S14), et
    - générer un signal de commande de suppression par comparaison du signal d'intérêt reçu avec l'au moins un seuil de suppression (S16),
    - modifier la distribution de bruit du signal d'intérêt reçu par application d'une suppression du signal d'intérêt reçu sous la commande du signal de commande de suppression (S18).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'action consistant à détecter si le signal d'intérêt reçu est ou non présent (S12) comprend une ou plusieurs des actions suivantes :
    - traiter des informations en provenance d'une détection de signal de ligne de visée et/ou d'une prédiction de présence de signal de ligne de visée, qui délivrent des informations sur la présence du signal d'intérêt reçu ;
    - traiter des informations en provenance d'un ou plusieurs canaux supplémentaires pour traiter des signaux reçus appropriés pour évaluer la présence du signal d'intérêt.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le ou les canaux supplémentaires pour traiter des signaux reçus pour évaluer la présence du signal d'intérêt sont formés par un ou plusieurs des éléments suivants :
    - un canal de récepteur supplémentaire pour traiter sans suppression adaptative un autre signal émis par le même émetteur quant au signal d'intérêt pour lequel la suppression adaptative est appliquée ;
    - un canal de récepteur supplémentaire pour traiter sans suppression adaptative une composante autre que la composante pour laquelle une suppression adaptative du signal d'intérêt est appliquée, lorsque le signal d'intérêt comprend des composantes multiplexées de différents canaux ;
    - un autre canal de récepteur pour traiter sans suppression adaptative le même signal d'intérêt pour lequel une suppression adaptative est appliquée ;
    - un canal de récepteur unique pour traiter le signal d'intérêt avec une loi de commande spécifique pour l'activation et la désactivation de suppression adaptative pour détecter la présence du signal d'intérêt.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel le traitement d'informations en provenance du ou des canaux supplémentaires comprend une ou plusieurs des étapes suivantes :
    - réaliser une estimation de puissance d'un signal reçu ;
    - réaliser une estimation de rapport porteuse sur bruit d'un signal reçu ;
    - estimer la gigue des boucles de suivi de retard et/ou de phase traitant un signal reçu.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, dans lequel le traitement d'informations en provenance du ou des canaux supplémentaires comprend la détection de la présence du signal d'intérêt sur la base de l'estimation de puissance d'un ou plusieurs signaux reçus, de l'estimation de rapport porteuse sur bruit d'un ou plusieurs signaux reçus, et/ou de l'estimation de gigue des boucles de suivi de retard et/ou de phase d'un ou plusieurs signaux reçus.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 2, 3, 4 ou 5, dans lequel la prédiction de présence de signal de ligne de visée prédit la présence du signal d'intérêt reçu à partir d'informations sur un ou plusieurs des éléments suivants :
    - l'emplacement d'un émetteur du signal d'intérêt reçu, en particulier l'orbite d'un satellite GNSS ;
    - des obstructions entre un émetteur du signal d'intérêt reçu et un récepteur ;
    - une carte d'obstacles contenant des informations sur des obstacles entre un émetteur du signal d'intérêt reçu et un récepteur.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le traitement de la présence du signal d'intérêt reçu à partir d'informations sur des obstructions entre l'émetteur du signal d'intérêt reçu et le récepteur comprend une ou plusieurs des étapes suivantes :
    - déterminer l'emplacement du récepteur et déterminer, à partir de l'emplacement, une obstruction pour une réception de signal, en particulier un pont ou un tunnel sur remplacement de récepteur déterminé, qui peut masquer une réception du signal d'intérêt en provenance d'un satellite GNSS ;
    - déterminer la position d'un obstacle potentiel pour une réception de signal et déterminer, à partir de la position, une obstruction potentielle pour une réception de signal, en particulier la position d'un panneau solaire d'un satellite GNSS contenant le récepteur, qui peut masquer une réception du signal d'intérêt par le satellite GNSS.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, en particulier selon les revendications 4 et/ou 5, 6 ou 7, dans lequel l'action consistant à détecter si le signal d'intérêt reçu est ou non présent comprend les actions suivantes
    - déterminer l'estimation de puissance et/ou le rapport porteuse sur bruit et/ou les variations de gigue du signal d'intérêt reçu sur une période de temps prédéfinie,
    - comparer au moins une valeur absolue de l'estimation de puissance déterminée et/ou du rapport porteuse sur bruit déterminé et/ou de l'estimation de gigue déterminée des boucles de suivi de retard et/ou de phase avec au moins un profil d'une estimation de puissance attendue et/ou d'un rapport porteuse sur bruit attendu et/ou d'une estimation de gigue attendue des boucles de suivi de retard et/ou de phase du signal d'intérêt qui est reçu dans des conditions nominales, ou comparer au moins une valeur de variation de l'estimation de puissance déterminée et/ou du rapport porteuse sur bruit déterminé et/ou de l'estimation de gigue déterminée des boucles de suivi de retard et/ou de phase du signal d'intérêt qui est reçu dans des conditions variables avec au moins un seuil, et
    - détecter que le signal d'intérêt reçu est présent si les résultats de comparaison sont soit que l'au moins une valeur absolue est comprise par un ou plusieurs de l'au moins un profil, soit que l'au moins une valeur de variation relative est inférieure à un ou plusieurs de l'au moins un seuil.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel l'au moins un profil de l'estimation de puissance attendue et/ou du rapport porteuse sur bruit attendu et/ou de l'estimation de gigue attendue des boucles de suivi de retard et/ou de phase est déterminé sur la base du signal d'intérêt reçu avec une distribution de bruit modifiée par application d'une suppression du signal d'intérêt reçu sous une commande adaptable du signal de commande de suppression de telle sorte que des activations et des désactivations successives de la suppression adaptative suivent un profil temporel connu.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel l'au moins un seuil est déterminé sur la base des variations d'amplitude du rapport porteuse sur bruit estimé et/ou de la puissance estimée et/ou de la gigue estimée des boucles de suivi de retard et/ou de phase, l'amplitude étant obtenue pendant un cycle d'activation et de désactivation de suppression adaptative.
  11. Programme d'ordinateur mettant en oeuvre un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  12. Support d'enregistrement stockant un programme d'ordinateur selon la revendication 11.
  13. Dispositif (18) pour une mise en forme de distribution de bruit pour des signaux comprenant
    - des moyens pour recevoir un signal d'intérêt en provenance d'un émetteur de signal,
    - des moyens pour détecter si le signal d'intérêt reçu est ou non présent et générer un signal de détection de présence,
    - des moyens (22) pour générer un signal de commande de suppression en fonction du signal de détection de présence par comparaison du signal d'intérêt reçu avec au moins un seuil de suppression,
    - des moyens (24) pour régler l'au moins un seuil de suppression ou le signal d'intérêt reçu selon une valeur de décalage en fonction de l'amplitude du signal d'intérêt reçu, et
    - des moyens (20) pour modifier la distribution de bruit du signal d'intérêt reçu par application d'une suppression du signal d'intérêt reçu sous la commande du signal de commande de suppression et en fonction du signal de détection de présence.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, dans lequel les moyens pour détecter si le signal d'intérêt reçu est ou non présent et générer un signal de détection de présence sont configurés pour réaliser les actions du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 10.
  15. Circuiterie de récepteur GNSS (10) comprenant
    - un convertisseur analogique-numérique (16) pour générer des échantillons de signaux CDMA reçus,
    - une pluralité de dispositifs de mise en forme de distribution de bruit (18) pour modifier la distribution de bruit des signaux CDMA échantillonnés selon la revendication 13 ou 14, et
    - un processeur de signal GNSS (26) pour traiter les signaux CDMA échantillonnés délivrés par les dispositifs de mise en forme de distribution de bruit et pour délivrer des valeurs de puce des signaux CDMA traités.
EP15003562.4A 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Façonnage de distribution de bruit pour signaux, en particulier des signaux cdma, avec atténuation de signaux d'artéfact Active EP3182164B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15003562.4A EP3182164B1 (fr) 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Façonnage de distribution de bruit pour signaux, en particulier des signaux cdma, avec atténuation de signaux d'artéfact
CA2951892A CA2951892A1 (fr) 2015-12-15 2016-12-13 Faconnage de distribution de bruit de signaux, particulierement les signaux cdma, au moyen d'attenuation des signaux d'artefact
US15/377,273 US10348344B2 (en) 2015-12-15 2016-12-13 Noise distribution shaping for signals, particularly CDMA signals, with mitigation of artifact signals
JP2016242288A JP6943565B2 (ja) 2015-12-15 2016-12-14 アーチファクト信号を低減する、信号の、特に、ｃｄｍａ信号のノイズ分布の整形

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EP15003562.4A EP3182164B1 (fr) 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Façonnage de distribution de bruit pour signaux, en particulier des signaux cdma, avec atténuation de signaux d'artéfact

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US10348344B2 (en) 2019-07-09
EP3182164A1 (fr) 2017-06-21
JP6943565B2 (ja) 2021-10-06
US20170170854A1 (en) 2017-06-15
CA2951892A1 (fr) 2017-06-15
JP2017111143A (ja) 2017-06-22

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