EP3182004A1 - Festbrennstoff-brenner mit hin- und herbewegendem brennstofffördersystem - Google Patents

Festbrennstoff-brenner mit hin- und herbewegendem brennstofffördersystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3182004A1
EP3182004A1 EP15386030.9A EP15386030A EP3182004A1 EP 3182004 A1 EP3182004 A1 EP 3182004A1 EP 15386030 A EP15386030 A EP 15386030A EP 3182004 A1 EP3182004 A1 EP 3182004A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
fuel
chamber
feeding
reciprocating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15386030.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Georgios Pateritsas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP15386030.9A priority Critical patent/EP3182004A1/de
Publication of EP3182004A1 publication Critical patent/EP3182004A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
    • F23K2203/20—Feeding/conveying devices
    • F23K2203/203—Feeding/conveying devices using pistons or rams

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved solid fuel burner and more particularly to a high efficiency solid fuel burner comprising a combustion chamber combined with a reciprocating fuel feeding system for feeding the fuel material in the combustion chamber and automatic ash removal from said combustion chamber, and applications thereof for heating and hot water production systems in domestic, commercial or industrial buildings.
  • biomass it is included all materials of organic origin (plant or animal) used for energy production. Biomass is considered as a renewable source of energy, since during burning it does not cause an increase of carbon dioxide in the environment, but the same amount of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) that is released during the combustion of biomass, it is bound again from the plants to generate biomass.
  • CO 2 carbon dioxide
  • the most common form of biomass available in the market is the wood pellets in various sizes. Other marketed biomass products are wood, straw, sawdust, fruit seeds, canola, cork waste, etc.
  • Biomass besides protecting the environment, allows an energy saving that is greater than fossil fuels.
  • the pellet is a fuel material much cheaper in comparison to ordinary fuels.
  • the solid biomass burner or solid fuel burner is an alternative ecological solution, which uses as fuel material the above mentioned products of organic origin.
  • a pellet boiler burns exclusively only pellets, while the biomass burner burns all kind of biomass, including pellets. Nevertheless, the burning of solid fuels having excessive humidity and different sizes from are not preferred, since the burning of such fuels result in excessive emission of particles due to non complete combustion.
  • the accumulation of ash in the burner results in a less efficient combustion, since the continuous accumulation of ash during the operation of the burner does not permit the supply of the fresh fuel material in the combustion chamber, and thus, it results to a non-complete combustion and a continuously deterioration of the efficiency degree of the burner. Moreover, the continuous accumulation of ash often leads to interruption of the burner operation, a phenomenon which is considered as the biggest problem especially in the combustion of solid fuels with excessive humidity and ash percentages.
  • pellet burner with an automatic cleaning system of the burner, wherein the bottom plate of the burning chamber is removed from its position, subsequently the ash is scraped from said bottom plate and the ash is placed in the ash tray, and then the bottom plate is positioned again in the bottom of the burning chamber.
  • Said burner uses only pellets as fuel material, while the burner applications are very limited, e.g. said burner cannot be installed in a boiler.
  • These known systems that use pellets comprise a steel boiler, a solid fuel burner, a supply hopper and the feeding of the fuel material in the combustion chamber is carried out by a feeding screw.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an improved high-efficiency solid fuel burner for hot water production to be used in domestic supply and heating applications, which overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art, and avoids the fuel feeding and ash removal problems of the burner.
  • a solid fuel burner for domestic and/or industrial use comprising a main body having a horizontal chamber, wherein inside one end of said chamber is provided a combustion chamber, and on the other end of said chamber a reciprocating fuel feeding system is located, wherein said reciprocating fuel feeding system comprises a feeding piston, which in a forward movement transfers inside said horizontal chamber up to the combustion chamber a quantity of the fuel material and simultaneously, pushes the ash and residue of the combustion from the open end side of the combustion chamber into an ash tray, and subsequently, the feeding piston in a reciprocating movement returns to its original position.
  • the solid fuel burner according to the present invention comprises a main body (1) which comprises a vertical tube (23) for fuel supply and a horizontal chamber (22), wherein inside one end of said chamber is provided a combustion chamber ( figure 1 ) and on the other end side a reciprocating fuel feeding system is located.
  • the vertical fuel supply tube (23) of the main body at its upper end is provided with a fuel supply connection portion (2) suitable to be connected to a fuel hopper or silo.
  • the combustion chamber at its bottom is provided with a grate plate (4) which has a plurality of slots to permit the air flow.
  • the combustion chamber may have any shape, however the grater plate (4) is prefebably rectangular and may be removable for easy cleaning.
  • the reciprocating fuel feeding system comprises a feeding piston (5), a connecting rod (6) and a connecting element (7) between motor and connecting rod (6) for transmitting the reciprocating movement to the feeding piston (5).
  • FIGS 2, 3 and 4 show the feeding piston (5) according to the present invention, which has the shape of capital letter H and comprises two vertical metal plates (51, 52) partly connected to one another by a horizontal plate (53).
  • the horizontal plate (53) at its front end has a vertical protrusion downwards to facilitate the transfer of the fuel material, and at its other end has a slot suitable to be connected with the connecting rod (6).
  • Figure 5 shows the connecting rod (6) which is shaped approximately as a blade, and at its both ends has openings so as to be connected on one end with the feeding piston (5) and on the other end to be connected by a screw (12) with the connecting element (7) ( figure 6 ) so as to permit the transmission of the movement of the motor to the feeding piston (5) and to follow the reciprocating movement of the piston (5).
  • the solid fuel material is stored in an external or integrated with the burner/boiler pellet hopper or a silo of large dimensions (not depicted in the drawings). From the silo via feeding screw, a quantity of fuel material is supplied through connection portion (2) and from there falls by gravity through the vertical tube (23) on the horizontal chamber (22) of the main body (1). Subsequently, when the feeding piston (5) is activated, the fuel material is pushed by the vertical protrusion of the feeding piston (5) in the combustion chamber. The ignition of the fuel in the combustion chamber and onto the grate plate (4) is done automatically by means of electrical resistance.
  • the feeding piston (5) After ignition, the quantity of the fuel material transferred by means of the feeding piston (5) in the combustion chamber is burned, and then the feeding piston (5) with reciprocating movement returns to its original position. During the next feeding of the fuel material, the feeding piston (5) transfers fuel material to the combustion chamber and simultaneously pushes the ash and any residue of combustion from the previous quantity of the fuel material to the open end side of the combustion hearth and from there fall into an ash tray of the boiler and thus, the burner is self-cleaned.
  • the reciprocating fuel feeding system is carried out the fuel feeding in the combustion chamber and simultaneously, the cleaning of the grate plate (4) from the ashes and any combustion residues.
  • the feeding piston (5) over the entire burner operation performs continuously the reciprocating movement and in this way during its forward movement pushes the fuel material inside the horizontal chamber (22) to the combustion chamber, and thus, the fuel material is constantly stirred and a complete fuel combustion takes place. In this way the removal of ash and combustion residues is performed during the operation of the solid fuel burner, due to the fuel feeding mechanism and thus, the combustion is not disturbed and a higher efficiency is achieved by maintaining the combustion chamber clean.
  • the solid fuel burner of the present invention is made entirely of cast iron and the various components are made of steel, inox steel or plastic and in general all the materials of the components have increased resistance to high temperatures and pressures.
  • an air compressor or fan (14) for supplying air inside the chamber (22) and air supply for the combustion process.
  • the controll of the combustion of the solid fuel is achieved by using the combustion air which is blown by the aircompressor or fan (14).
  • the vertical walls of the vertical tube (23) have an opening through which air under pressure enters in the solid fuel burner from the fan (14) and thereby, due to the pressure difference between said vertical opening and the grate plate (4), there is no return of the exhaust gas from the chamber (22) to the fuel feeding silo.
  • the operation of the solid fuel burner is fully automated and the burner may have a microprocessor for controlling its operation, a display (16) mounted on a special base (9). Also there is provided a combustion control sensor, and a control sensor for emptying of the silo. All components of the solid fuel burner are covered by a housing (11).
  • the management of the burner is possible from any point (remote control) over the Internet, from another computer to configure settings and fault diagnosis through a special program.
  • the design of the combustion hearth is made so as to achieve perfect combustion, proper development of the flame in the combustion chamber and proper distribution of the primary combustion air at points wherein the fuel is located in the combustion chamber and the secondary air necessary for optimal combustion of the volatile gases.
  • the control of the fuel feeding from the silo i.e. the quantity of the fuel material that is fed to the burner from the silo is made by the feeding screw, or optionally may be done by a fuel measurement device (18).
  • the feeding screw, reciprocating fuel feedinf system and the feeding piston (5) are all operable automatically by an electric motor.
  • the ignition system of the burner is automatic, and optionally it can be operated by remote control. Both the motor of the combustion air fan and the motor of the reciprocating fuel feeding system are connected to the main control unit of the burner.
  • Said solid fuel burner of the present invention is a solid fuel burner of multiple fuel material, of high efficiency for producing hot water for domestic and industrial use, and may be used for heating applications and hot water supply.
  • Such an installation comprises a hopper or silo, feeding screw from the silo to the burner, a solid fuel burner according to the present invention and a boiler.
  • the solid fuel burner of the present invention has small volume and light weight, while the operation requires low power consumption of electricity.
  • any kind of the solid fule material may be used, even with fuel having a diameter less than 20 mm, regardless of the moisture and ash content, by effectively addressing the problem of accumulation of ash in the burner.
  • the solid fuel burner of the present invention can be incorporated with all types of boilers available on the market for effective and economical heating systems.
  • the solid fuel burner of the present invention makes it possible to burn fuels with very high humidity (about 40%) and a very high percentage of ash (about 30%) with no observable dysfunctions due to the accumulated ash and does not need to be cleaned.
  • the solid fuel burner of the present invention provides a variety of implementation options to the user, allowing several different installation options, while by allowing the use of various solid fuel materials that are not necessarily of high quality, it is helping to reduce the cost of use. Further, the burner of the present invention exhibits increased efficiency due to more efficient combustion of the fuel material.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
EP15386030.9A 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Festbrennstoff-brenner mit hin- und herbewegendem brennstofffördersystem Withdrawn EP3182004A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15386030.9A EP3182004A1 (de) 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Festbrennstoff-brenner mit hin- und herbewegendem brennstofffördersystem

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15386030.9A EP3182004A1 (de) 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Festbrennstoff-brenner mit hin- und herbewegendem brennstofffördersystem

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3182004A1 true EP3182004A1 (de) 2017-06-21

Family

ID=55274955

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15386030.9A Withdrawn EP3182004A1 (de) 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Festbrennstoff-brenner mit hin- und herbewegendem brennstofffördersystem

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3182004A1 (de)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2563688A (en) * 1947-06-03 1951-08-07 George N Miller Stoker
GB1027442A (en) * 1962-07-06 1966-04-27 Seccacier An automatic boiler for central heating and hot water production

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2563688A (en) * 1947-06-03 1951-08-07 George N Miller Stoker
GB1027442A (en) * 1962-07-06 1966-04-27 Seccacier An automatic boiler for central heating and hot water production

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