EP3181293B1 - Finishing tool possessing locally varying cutting ability - Google Patents

Finishing tool possessing locally varying cutting ability Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3181293B1
EP3181293B1 EP16202745.2A EP16202745A EP3181293B1 EP 3181293 B1 EP3181293 B1 EP 3181293B1 EP 16202745 A EP16202745 A EP 16202745A EP 3181293 B1 EP3181293 B1 EP 3181293B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
peripheral surface
cutting ability
workpiece
finishing
profile shape
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EP16202745.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3181293A1 (en
Inventor
Holger Steinwender
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Thielenhaus Technologies GmbH
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Thielenhaus Technologies GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/18—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work
    • B24B5/26—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work for grinding peculiarly profiled surfaces, e.g. bulged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B21/00—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
    • B24B21/004—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor using abrasive rolled strips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B21/00—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
    • B24B21/02—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor for grinding rotationally symmetrical surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B35/00—Machines or devices designed for superfinishing surfaces on work, i.e. by means of abrading blocks reciprocating with high frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B5/42—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B24D11/04—Zonally-graded surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for finishing a peripheral surface of a shaft-shaped workpiece.
  • the device comprises a drive device for generating a rotational movement of the workpiece and a pressing device for pressing a finishing belt against the peripheral surface of the rotating workpiece, the finishing belt resting with a processing surface on the peripheral surface and the peripheral surface having a first profile shape.
  • the peripheral surface In order to avoid edge supports in the bearing, however, it is desirable for the peripheral surface to have a crowned shape in the area of the bearing points.
  • a crowned shape of the bearing points can already be achieved by appropriate pre-machining, with the crowned shape being produced during the pre-machining in that a machining surface of a grinding wheel machining the bearing point has a transverse shape corresponding to the crowning.
  • This procedure has the disadvantage that different grinding wheels have to be used for different degrees of crowning. So must for a corresponding grinding wheel must be kept available for each specific crowning profile and the grinding wheel must be replaced if the crowning profile changes. The corresponding grinding wheels also have to be dressed regularly due to wear, which results in additional costs.
  • JP 2003 071702 A the processing of a surface for a ball bearing track by means of a finishing belt is known.
  • the finish belt has a constant cutting ability in the axial direction, parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece. In the direction of rotation of the workpiece, on the other hand, the finishing belt has zones with different cutting ability. Such a finish belt itself has no influence on the profile shape of the ball bearing running surface.
  • a device and a method with the features of the preambles of the independent claims are known from JP 2003.
  • a finishing stone is known for machining a surface of a workpiece that is intended as a ball bearing raceway, the finishing stone having zones of different cutting ability.
  • the production of such finishing stones adapted for different ball tracks is very expensive.
  • JP 2003 089 047 A A device and a method with the features of the preamble of the respective independent claim is made JP 2003 089 047 A known.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to solve the problems described in relation to the prior art and in particular to specify a device and a method with which the profile shape of the peripheral surfaces can be changed in a targeted manner during the finishing process, among other things in existing machines.
  • the object is achieved in particular by a device with the aforementioned features, wherein a spatial distribution of the cutting ability along an axis of rotation specifies a second profile shape of the peripheral surface that is intended after the final machining and differs from the first profile shape.
  • the basic idea of the present invention therefore deviates from the previous technical teaching, according to which a change in the profile shape predetermined by the pre-machining is to be avoided under all circumstances during the final machining. Rather, the invention provides that a change in the profile shape is deliberately achieved by a targeted spatial distribution of the cutting ability of the finishing strip used for finishing. In the areas with which more material is to be removed from the peripheral surface of the workpiece, the finishing belt has a higher cutting ability than in the areas with which less material is to be removed. Such finishing belts can easily be used in conventional finishing devices.
  • the invention also has the advantage that due to the desired change in the profile shape during the final machining, there is no need to change the profile shape during the pre-machining, so that the pre-machining can always be carried out with the same grinding wheel having a rectilinear transverse shape.
  • the tool is a finishing belt, which is pressed against the peripheral surface by means of a pressure shoe and which, as a consumable material, has always had to be replaced regularly. Since the profile shape to be achieved after finishing depends on the distribution of the cutting ability on the finishing belt, the geometry of the pressure surface of the pressure shoe pressing on the finishing belt preferably runs in a straight line in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece.
  • transverse shape of the pressure shoe is therefore in particular rectilinear.
  • a conventional pressure shoe can therefore be used in combination with the appropriate finishing belts to produce different profile shapes.
  • the local cutting ability in particular of the grains of the finishing strip, is distributed over the finishing strip in such a way that the first (initial) profile shape is changed to the second (final) profile shape during finishing.
  • more material is removed during the rotation of the workpiece at at least one axial location of the workpiece than at another axial location offset parallel to the axis of rotation.
  • finishing belt does not move in the axial direction of the workpiece during the rotation of the workpiece.
  • an oscillating drive device is designed to generate an oscillating relative movement between the peripheral surface of the workpiece and the finishing belt, directed transversely to the rotational movement of the peripheral surface, the finishing belt with the processing surface being in contact with the peripheral surface of the workpiece during the relative movement.
  • the cutting ability of the processing surface of the finishing belt is greatest at the edges of the processing surface and is smaller in the middle.
  • the cutting ability of the processing surface of the finishing belt is lowest at the edges of the processing surface and is greatest in the middle.
  • the edges refer to the edges in the axial direction of the workpiece, while the center is located between the edges.
  • the cutting ability of the processing surface of the finishing belt has at least three local maxima or minima transversely to the direction of the rotational movement of the peripheral surface. The most material is therefore removed from the peripheral surface of the workpiece at these three local maxima.
  • this also includes cutting ability at one point of the tool and no cutting ability at all at an adjacent point.
  • the decisive factor is that after finishing there is a different profile shape than before finishing due to the distribution of cutting ability on the finishing belt.
  • the processing surface of the finishing belt lying against the peripheral surface of the workpiece has at least one first area with a first cutting ability and at least one second area with a second cutting ability that differs from the first cutting ability.
  • the machining surface has the same local cutting ability in the entire first area and a second cutting ability that differs therefrom in the entire second area.
  • the second cutting ability can also be "0".
  • the second area of the processing surface then lies between two first areas of the processing surface. The desired distribution of the cutting ability is then achieved by the local arrangement of the first area in relation to the second area.
  • a parting line between the first area and the second area extends in a zigzag shape along the direction of the rotational movement of the peripheral surface.
  • the dividing line is wavy.
  • the finishing belt can be kept stationary in the axial direction of the workpiece during finishing. Alternatively, it can be provided that an oscillating relative movement is generated between the rotating finishing belt and the tool.
  • one of the tools described above can be used to carry out the method according to the invention.
  • the use of a tool for finishing a peripheral surface of a shaft-shaped workpiece is proposed, with the peripheral surface having a first profile shape and the machining surface of the tool having areas of different cutting ability, with a spatial distribution of the cutting ability being a second intended after finishing machining, different from the first profile shape Profile shape of the peripheral surface specifies.
  • the tool is a finishing belt, which is pressed against the peripheral surface of the workpiece by means of a pressure shoe.
  • a finishing belt can be used that has the features described above.
  • figure 1 shows a section of a workpiece 1 with a cylindrical peripheral surface 2 before finishing.
  • the profile shape of the peripheral surface 2 runs in a straight line.
  • a tool 4 is pressed by means of a pressing device 3 with its processing surface 5 on the peripheral surface 2 of the workpiece 1.
  • the workpiece 1 rotates about its axis of rotation and the tool 4 remains stationary.
  • the tool 4 is formed by a finishing belt 10 which is pressed against the peripheral surface 2 by means of a pressure shoe.
  • the tool 4 with the pressing device oscillates in the axial direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece 1 while the workpiece 1 rotates.
  • FIG 4 A top view of a finishing belt 10 is now shown above, which is pressed against the peripheral surface 2 of the workpiece 1 by means of a pressure shoe.
  • the finishing belt 10 has first areas 6 with a high local cutting ability and second areas 7 with a relatively lower local cutting ability. If the finish belt 10 is applied to the rotating workpiece 1 during finishing, the resulting material-removing cutting ability at the edges 8 is greater than in the middle 9 of the finish belt 10 Having course transverse to the direction of rotation of the workpiece 1, a change in the profile of the workpiece 1 are produced.
  • a workpiece 1 finished with the finishing belt 10 is in figure 4 shown below. It can be seen that the peripheral surface 2 of the workpiece 1 has a slightly convex profile shape after finishing.
  • FIGS Figures 6 and 7 Further examples of the arrangement of the first area 6 and the second area 7 are in FIGS Figures 6 and 7 shown.
  • the dividing line between the first areas 6 and the second areas 7 according to the embodiments according to Figures 4 and 5 runs zigzag, runs the dividing line between the first region 6 and the second region 7 according to the embodiment of FIG figure 7 wavy.
  • the first area 6 is, on the other hand, designed to be continuous and in this first area 6 a multiplicity of uniform second areas 7 are arranged.
  • the invention therefore provides that the cutting ability of the finishing belt is distributed on the processing surface in such a way that the cutting ability achieves a profile shape that deviates from the original profile shape and is to be produced during the finishing process.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Endbearbeitung einer Umfangsfläche eines wellenförmigen Werkstückes. Die Vorrichtung umfasst eine Antriebseinrichtung zur Erzeugung einer Rotationsbewegung des Werkstückes und eine Andrückeinrichtung zum Andrücken eines Finishbandes an die Umfangsfläche des rotierenden Werkstückes, wobei das Finishband mit einer Bearbeitungsfläche an der Umfangsfläche anliegt und die Umfangsfläche eine erste Profilform aufweist.The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for finishing a peripheral surface of a shaft-shaped workpiece. The device comprises a drive device for generating a rotational movement of the workpiece and a pressing device for pressing a finishing belt against the peripheral surface of the rotating workpiece, the finishing belt resting with a processing surface on the peripheral surface and the peripheral surface having a first profile shape.

Eine Vorrichtung mit den vorgenannten Merkmalen ist aus EP 0 802 017 A1 bekannt. Bei dieser Vorrichtung wird ein Finishband als Werkzeug mittels eines Andrückschuhes an die Umfangsfläche des rotierenden Werkstückes angedrückt. Im einfachsten Bearbeitungsfall weist die Umfangsfläche vor und nach der Endbearbeitung eine zylinderförmige Kontur mit einer geradlinigen Profilform auf.A device with the aforementioned features is off EP 0 802 017 A1 known. In this device, a finishing belt as a tool is pressed against the peripheral surface of the rotating workpiece by means of a pressure shoe. In the simplest processing case, the peripheral surface has a cylindrical contour with a rectilinear profile shape before and after the final processing.

Für die Vermeidung von Kantenträger im Lager ist es jedoch wünschenswert, dass die Umfangsfläche im Bereich von Lagerstellen eine ballige Form aufweist. Eine ballige Form der Lagerstellen kann bereits durch eine entsprechende spanende Vorbearbeitung erzielt werden, wobei während der Vorbearbeitung die ballige Form dadurch erzeugt wird, dass eine Bearbeitungsfläche einer die Lagerstelle bearbeitenden Schleifscheibe eine der Balligkeit entsprechende Querform aufweist. Diese Vorgehensweise ist mit dem Nachteil verbunden, dass für unterschiedliche Grade der Balligkeit auch unterschiedliche Schleifscheiben verwendet werden müssen. So muss für jedes spezifische Balligkeitsprofil eine entsprechende Schleifscheibe vorgehalten werden und bei Änderung des Balligkeitsprofils muss die Schleifscheibe ausgetauscht werden. Die entsprechenden Schleifscheiben müssen zudem aufgrund von Verschleiß regelmäßig abgerichtet werden, wodurch zusätzliche Kosten entstehen.In order to avoid edge supports in the bearing, however, it is desirable for the peripheral surface to have a crowned shape in the area of the bearing points. A crowned shape of the bearing points can already be achieved by appropriate pre-machining, with the crowned shape being produced during the pre-machining in that a machining surface of a grinding wheel machining the bearing point has a transverse shape corresponding to the crowning. This procedure has the disadvantage that different grinding wheels have to be used for different degrees of crowning. So must for a corresponding grinding wheel must be kept available for each specific crowning profile and the grinding wheel must be replaced if the crowning profile changes. The corresponding grinding wheels also have to be dressed regularly due to wear, which results in additional costs.

Aus JP 2003 071702 A ist die Bearbeitung einer Oberfläche für eine Kugellagerlaufbahn mittels eines Finishbandes bekannt. Das Finishband weist in axialer Richtung, parallel zur Rotationsachse des Werkstückes eine konstante Schnittigkeit auf. In Rotationsrichtung des Werkstückes weist das Finishband hingegen Zonen mit unterschiedlicher Schnittigkeit auf. Ein solches Finishband hat selbst keinen Einfluss auf die Profilform der Kugellagerlauffläche. Aus JP 2003 ist also eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen der Oberbegriffe der unabhängigen Ansprüche bekannt.Out of JP 2003 071702 A the processing of a surface for a ball bearing track by means of a finishing belt is known. The finish belt has a constant cutting ability in the axial direction, parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece. In the direction of rotation of the workpiece, on the other hand, the finishing belt has zones with different cutting ability. Such a finish belt itself has no influence on the profile shape of the ball bearing running surface. A device and a method with the features of the preambles of the independent claims are known from JP 2003.

Aus JP H03 130367 U ist ein Finishstein zur Bearbeitung einer als Kugellagerlaufbahn vorgesehenen Oberfläche eines Werkstückes bekannt, wobei der Finishstein Zonen unterschiedlicher Schnittigkeit aufweist. Die Herstellung solcher für unterschiedliche Kugellaufbahnen angepasste Finishsteine ist sehr aufwendig.Out of JP H03 130367 U a finishing stone is known for machining a surface of a workpiece that is intended as a ball bearing raceway, the finishing stone having zones of different cutting ability. The production of such finishing stones adapted for different ball tracks is very expensive.

Eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des jeweiligen unabhängigen Anspruchs ist aus JP 2003 089 047 A bekannt.A device and a method with the features of the preamble of the respective independent claim is made JP 2003 089 047 A known.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, die mit Bezug zum Stand der Technik geschilderten Probleme zu lösen und insbesondere eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit denen auf kostengünstige Weise unter anderem bei bestehenden Maschinen die Profilform der Umfangsflächen während der Endbearbeitung gezielt verändert werden kann.The object of the present invention is therefore to solve the problems described in relation to the prior art and in particular to specify a device and a method with which the profile shape of the peripheral surfaces can be changed in a targeted manner during the finishing process, among other things in existing machines.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des jeweiligen unabhängigen Anspruchs. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Vorrichtung und des Verfahrens sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen und in der Beschreibung angegeben, wobei einzelne Merkmale der vorteilhaften Weiterbildungen in technologisch sinnvoller Weise beliebig miteinander kombinierbar sind.This object is achieved by a device and a method with the features of the respective independent claim. Advantageous developments of the device and the method are specified in the dependent claims and in the description, with individual features the advantageous developments can be combined with one another as desired in a technologically sensible manner.

Die Aufgabe wird insbesondere gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung mit den vorgenannten Merkmalen, wobei eine räumliche Verteilung der Schnittigkeit entlang einer Rotationsachse eine nach der Endbearbeitung beabsichtigte zweite, von der ersten Profilform unterschiedliche Profilform der Umfangsfläche vorgibt.The object is achieved in particular by a device with the aforementioned features, wherein a spatial distribution of the cutting ability along an axis of rotation specifies a second profile shape of the peripheral surface that is intended after the final machining and differs from the first profile shape.

Die vorliegende Erfindung weicht in ihrem Grundgedanken also von der bisherigen technischen Lehre ab, nach der eine Änderung der durch die Vorbearbeitung vorgegebenen Profilform während der Endbearbeitung unter allen Umständen zu vermeiden ist. Die Erfindung sieht vielmehr vor, dass eine Änderung der Profilform durch eine gezielte räumliche Verteilung der Schnittigkeit des zur Endbearbeitung verwendeten Finishbandes bewusst erreicht wird. In den Bereichen, mit denen mehr Material von der Umfangsfläche des Werkstückes abgetragen werden soll, weist das Finishband also eine höhere Schnittigkeit auf als in den Bereichen, mit denen weniger Material abgetragen werden soll. Solche Finishbänder können einfach in herkömmlichen Finishbearbeitungsvorrichtungen eingesetzt werden. Die Erfindung hat zudem den Vorteil, dass aufgrund der gewünschten Änderung der Profilform während der Endbearbeitung eine Änderung der Profilform während der spanenden Vorbearbeitung entfallen kann, so dass die Vorbearbeitung immer mit insbesondere derselben, eine geradlinige Querform aufweisenden Schleifscheibe erfolgen kann.The basic idea of the present invention therefore deviates from the previous technical teaching, according to which a change in the profile shape predetermined by the pre-machining is to be avoided under all circumstances during the final machining. Rather, the invention provides that a change in the profile shape is deliberately achieved by a targeted spatial distribution of the cutting ability of the finishing strip used for finishing. In the areas with which more material is to be removed from the peripheral surface of the workpiece, the finishing belt has a higher cutting ability than in the areas with which less material is to be removed. Such finishing belts can easily be used in conventional finishing devices. The invention also has the advantage that due to the desired change in the profile shape during the final machining, there is no need to change the profile shape during the pre-machining, so that the pre-machining can always be carried out with the same grinding wheel having a rectilinear transverse shape.

Das Werkzeug ist ein Finishband, welches mittels eines Andrückschuhes an die Umfangsfläche angedrückt wird und welches als Verbrauchsmaterial bereits bisher regelmäßig ausgetauscht werden muss. Da die nach der Finishbearbeitung zu erzielende Profilform von der Verteilung der Schnittigkeit auf dem Finishband abhängt, verläuft die Geometrie der Andrückfläche des das Finishband andrückenden Andruckschuhes bevorzugt in einer Richtung parallel zu der Rotationsachse des Werkstückes geradlinig.The tool is a finishing belt, which is pressed against the peripheral surface by means of a pressure shoe and which, as a consumable material, has always had to be replaced regularly. Since the profile shape to be achieved after finishing depends on the distribution of the cutting ability on the finishing belt, the geometry of the pressure surface of the pressure shoe pressing on the finishing belt preferably runs in a straight line in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece.

Die sogenannte Querform des Andrückschuhs ist also insbesondere geradlinig. Ein herkömmlicher Andrückschuh kann daher in der Kombination mit entsprechenden Finishbändern zur Herstellung unterschiedlicher Profilformen verwendet werden.The so-called transverse shape of the pressure shoe is therefore in particular rectilinear. A conventional pressure shoe can therefore be used in combination with the appropriate finishing belts to produce different profile shapes.

Die lokale Schnittigkeit der Bearbeitungsfläche des Finishbandes wird durch die Verteilung der die Schnittigkeit vorgebenden Körner erreicht, wobei die Schnittigkeit insbesondere durch zumindest einen der folgenden Parameter vorgegeben:

  • Kornart,
  • Kornwerkstoff,
  • Korngröße,
  • Korndichte und
  • Kornausrichtung.
The local cutting ability of the processing surface of the finishing belt is achieved by the distribution of the grains that determine the cutting ability, with the cutting ability being defined in particular by at least one of the following parameters:
  • grain type,
  • grain material,
  • grain size,
  • grain density and
  • grain alignment.

Die lokale Schnittigkeit insbesondere der Körner des Finishbandes ist also so über das Finishband verteilt, dass während der Endbearbeitung die erste (Ausgangs-)Profilform in die zweite (End-)Profilform verändert wird. Insofern wird erfindungsgemäß während der Rotation des Werkstückes an zumindest einer axialen Stelle des Werkstückes mehr Material abgetragen als an einer parallel zu der Rotationsachse versetzten weiteren axialen Stelle.The local cutting ability, in particular of the grains of the finishing strip, is distributed over the finishing strip in such a way that the first (initial) profile shape is changed to the second (final) profile shape during finishing. In this respect, according to the invention, more material is removed during the rotation of the workpiece at at least one axial location of the workpiece than at another axial location offset parallel to the axis of rotation.

Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Finishband während der Rotation des Werkstückes keine Bewegung in axialer Richtung des Werkstückes ausführt. Es kann allerdings auch vorgesehen sein, dass eine Oszillationsantriebseinrichtung zur Erzeugung einer quer zur Rotationsbewegung der Umfangsfläche gerichteten oszillierenden Relativbewegung zwischen der Umfangsfläche des Werkstückes und dem Finishband ausgebildet ist, wobei das Finishband mit der Bearbeitungsfläche während der Relativbewegung an der Umfangsfläche des Werkstückes anliegt.It can be provided that the finishing belt does not move in the axial direction of the workpiece during the rotation of the workpiece. However, it can also be provided that an oscillating drive device is designed to generate an oscillating relative movement between the peripheral surface of the workpiece and the finishing belt, directed transversely to the rotational movement of the peripheral surface, the finishing belt with the processing surface being in contact with the peripheral surface of the workpiece during the relative movement.

In einer Ausführungsform kann vorgesehen sein, dass zur Erzeugung einer balligen zweiten Profilform aus einer geradlinigen ersten Profilform der Umfangsfläche die Schnittigkeit der Bearbeitungsfläche des Finishbandes an Rändern der Bearbeitungsfläche am größten ist und in der Mitte geringer ist.In one embodiment it can be provided that, in order to produce a crowned second profile shape from a straight first profile shape of the peripheral surface, the cutting ability of the processing surface of the finishing belt is greatest at the edges of the processing surface and is smaller in the middle.

Alternativ kann zur Erzeugung einer konkaven zweiten Profilform aus einer geradlinigen ersten Profilform der Umfangsfläche vorgesehen sein, dass die Schnittigkeit der Bearbeitungsfläche des Finishbandes an Rändern der Bearbeitungsfläche am geringsten ist und in der Mitte am größten ist. Die Ränder beziehen sich dabei auf die Ränder in axialer Richtung des Werkstückes, während die Mitte zwischen den Rändern angeordnet ist.Alternatively, to produce a concave second profile shape from a straight first profile shape of the peripheral surface, the cutting ability of the processing surface of the finishing belt is lowest at the edges of the processing surface and is greatest in the middle. The edges refer to the edges in the axial direction of the workpiece, while the center is located between the edges.

Zur Erzeugung einer gotischen zweiten Profilform aus einer gleichmäßig runden ersten Profilform der Umfangsfläche kann hingegen vorgesehen sein, dass die Schnittigkeit der Bearbeitungsfläche des Finishbandes quer zu der Richtung der Rotationsbewegung der Umfangsfläche mindestens drei lokale Maxima oder Minima aufweist. An diesen drei lokalen Maxima wird also am meisten Material von der Umfangsfläche des Werkstückes abgetragen.To produce a Gothic second profile shape from a uniformly round first profile shape of the peripheral surface, however, it can be provided that the cutting ability of the processing surface of the finishing belt has at least three local maxima or minima transversely to the direction of the rotational movement of the peripheral surface. The most material is therefore removed from the peripheral surface of the workpiece at these three local maxima.

Soweit also ein unterschiedlicher Materialabtrag entlang der Rotationsachse aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Schnittigkeit erreicht werden soll, fällt darunter auch, dass an einer Stelle des Werkzeuges eine Schnittigkeit vorliegt und an einer dazu benachbarten Stelle gar keine Schnittigkeit vorliegt. In diesem Zusammenhang liegt insbesondere keine Schnittigkeit des Finishbandes in einem Bereich vor, der zwischen zwei Bereichen liegt, an denen jeweils eine Schnittigkeit gegeben ist. Entscheidend ist, dass nach der Endbearbeitung eine andere Profilform aufgrund der Schnittigkeitsverteilung auf dem Finishband vorliegt als vor der Endbearbeitung.Insofar as a different material removal along the axis of rotation is to be achieved due to the different cutting ability, this also includes cutting ability at one point of the tool and no cutting ability at all at an adjacent point. In this context, there is in particular no cutting ability of the finishing belt in an area that lies between two areas in which cutting ability is given in each case. The decisive factor is that after finishing there is a different profile shape than before finishing due to the distribution of cutting ability on the finishing belt.

Erfindungsgemäß weist die an der Umfangsfläche des Werkstückes anliegende Bearbeitungsfläche des Finishbandes zumindest einen ersten Bereich mit einer ersten Schnittigkeit und mindestens einen zweiten Bereich mit einer zweiten, sich von der ersten Schnittigkeit unterscheidenden Schnittigkeit auf. Die Bearbeitungsfläche weist in diesem Fall in dem gesamten ersten Bereich die gleiche lokale Schnittigkeit auf und in dem gesamten zweiten Bereich eine davon abweichende zweite Schnittigkeit. Die zweite Schnittigkeit kann dabei aber auch "0" sein. Insbesondere liegt dann der zweite Bereich der Bearbeitungsfläche zwischen zwei ersten Bereichen der Bearbeitungsfläche. Die gewünschte Verteilung der Schnittigkeit wird dann durch die lokale Anordnung des ersten Bereiches zu dem zweiten Bereich erzielt.According to the invention, the processing surface of the finishing belt lying against the peripheral surface of the workpiece has at least one first area with a first cutting ability and at least one second area with a second cutting ability that differs from the first cutting ability. the In this case, the machining surface has the same local cutting ability in the entire first area and a second cutting ability that differs therefrom in the entire second area. However, the second cutting ability can also be "0". In particular, the second area of the processing surface then lies between two first areas of the processing surface. The desired distribution of the cutting ability is then achieved by the local arrangement of the first area in relation to the second area.

Erfindungsgemäß verläuft eine Trennlinie zwischen dem ersten Bereich und dem zweiten Bereich entlang der Richtung der Rotationsbewegung der Umfangsfläche zickzackförmig. Alternativ verläuft die Trennlinie wellenförmig.According to the invention, a parting line between the first area and the second area extends in a zigzag shape along the direction of the rotational movement of the peripheral surface. Alternatively, the dividing line is wavy.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe insbesondere auch durch ein Verfahren zur Endbearbeitung einer Umfangsfläche eines wellenförmigen Werkstückes mittels eines eine Bearbeitungsfläche aufweisenden Finishbandes, welches zumindest die folgenden Schritte umfasst:

  • Antreiben des Werkstückes zu einer Rotationsbewegung,
  • Andrücken der Bearbeitungsfläche des Finishbandes an die eine erste Profilform aufweisende Umfangsfläche, wobei das Finishband in Abhängigkeit einer nach der Endbearbeitung beabsichtigten zweiten, von der ersten Profilform unterschiedlichen Profilform der Umfangsfläche ausgewählt wird, wobei eine räumliche Verteilung der Schnittigkeit der Bearbeitungsfläche des Finishbandes die beabsichtigte zweite Profilform vorgibt.
The object is also achieved in particular by a method for finishing a peripheral surface of a wavy workpiece using a finishing belt having a processing surface, which comprises at least the following steps:
  • driving the workpiece to rotate,
  • Pressing the processing surface of the finishing belt against the peripheral surface having a first profile shape, with the finishing belt being selected as a function of a second profile shape of the peripheral surface intended after finishing, which is different from the first profile shape, with a spatial distribution of the cutting ability of the processing surface of the finishing belt the intended second profile shape pretends.

Das Finishband kann während der Endbearbeitung in axialer Richtung des Werkstückes stationär gehalten werden. Alternativ kann vorgesehen sein, dass eine oszillierende Relativbewegung zwischen dem rotierenden Finishband und dem Werkzeug erzeugt wird.The finishing belt can be kept stationary in the axial direction of the workpiece during finishing. Alternatively, it can be provided that an oscillating relative movement is generated between the rotating finishing belt and the tool.

Insbesondere kann zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens eines der zuvor beschriebenen Werkzeuge eingesetzt werden.In particular, one of the tools described above can be used to carry out the method according to the invention.

Zudem wird die Verwendung eines Werkzeuges zur Endbearbeitung einer Umfangsfläche eines wellenförmigen Werkstückes vorgeschlagen, wobei die Umfangsfläche eine erste Profilform aufweist und die Bearbeitungsfläche des Werkzeugs Bereiche unterschiedlicher Schnittigkeit aufweist, wobei eine räumliche Verteilung der Schnittigkeit eine nach der Endbearbeitung beabsichtigte zweite, von der ersten Profilform unterschiedliche Profilform der Umfangsfläche vorgibt. Insbesondere ist das Werkzeug ein Finishband, welches mittels eines Andrückschuhes an die Umfangsfläche des Werkstückes angedrückt wird.In addition, the use of a tool for finishing a peripheral surface of a shaft-shaped workpiece is proposed, with the peripheral surface having a first profile shape and the machining surface of the tool having areas of different cutting ability, with a spatial distribution of the cutting ability being a second intended after finishing machining, different from the first profile shape Profile shape of the peripheral surface specifies. In particular, the tool is a finishing belt, which is pressed against the peripheral surface of the workpiece by means of a pressure shoe.

Insbesondere kann ein Finishband verwendet werden, das die oben beschriebenen Merkmale aufweist.In particular, a finishing belt can be used that has the features described above.

Die Erfindung sowie das technische Umfeld werden im Folgenden anhand der Figuren beispielhaft erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch

Figur 1:
ein Werkstück vor der Endbearbeitung,
Figur 2:
ein Werkstück während einer ersten Ausführungsform der Endbearbeitung,
Figur 3:
ein Werkstück während einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Endbearbeitung,
Figur 4:
ein Finishband mit einer räumlichen Verteilung der Schnittigkeit und ein damit endbearbeitetes Werkstück,
Figur 5:
ein weiteres Finishband und ein damit bearbeitetes Werkstück,
Figur 6:
noch ein weiteres Finishband, das nicht erfindungsgemäß ist, und
Figur 7:
eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Finishbandes.
The invention and the technical environment are explained below by way of example with reference to the figures. It show schematic
Figure 1:
a workpiece before finishing,
Figure 2:
a workpiece during a first embodiment of finishing,
Figure 3:
a workpiece during a second embodiment of finishing,
Figure 4:
a finishing belt with a spatial distribution of the cutting ability and a workpiece finished with it,
Figure 5:
another finishing belt and a workpiece processed with it,
Figure 6:
yet another finishing belt not in accordance with the invention, and
Figure 7:
another embodiment of a finishing belt.

Figur 1 zeigt einen Abschnitt eines Werkstückes 1 mit einer zylindrischen Umfangsfläche 2 vor der Endbearbeitung. Die Profilform der Umfangsfläche 2 verläuft geradlinig. figure 1 shows a section of a workpiece 1 with a cylindrical peripheral surface 2 before finishing. The profile shape of the peripheral surface 2 runs in a straight line.

Bei der in Figur 2 dargestellten Endbearbeitung wird ein Werkzeug 4 mittels einer Andrückeinrichtung 3 mit seiner Bearbeitungsfläche 5 auf die Umfangsfläche 2 des Werkstückes 1 aufgedrückt. Hierbei rotiert das Werkstück 1 um seine Rotationsachse und das Werkzeug 4 verbleibt ortsfest. Das Werkzeug 4 ist durch ein Finishband 10 gebildet sein, welches mittels eines Andrückschuhs an die Umfangsfläche 2 angedrückt wird.At the in figure 2 shown finishing, a tool 4 is pressed by means of a pressing device 3 with its processing surface 5 on the peripheral surface 2 of the workpiece 1. Here, the workpiece 1 rotates about its axis of rotation and the tool 4 remains stationary. The tool 4 is formed by a finishing belt 10 which is pressed against the peripheral surface 2 by means of a pressure shoe.

Bei der in Figur 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform oszilliert das Werkzeug 4 mit der Andrückeinrichtung in axialer Richtung parallel zu der Rotationsachse des Werkstückes 1, während das Werkstück 1 rotiert.At the in figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the tool 4 with the pressing device oscillates in the axial direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece 1 while the workpiece 1 rotates.

In Figur 4 oben ist nun eine Aufsicht auf ein Finishband 10 dargestellt, welches mittels eines Andrückschuhes an die Umfangsfläche 2 des Werkstückes 1 gedrückt wird. Das Finishband 10 weist erste Bereiche 6 mit einer hohen lokalen Schnittigkeit und zweite Bereiche 7 mit einer relativ geringeren lokalen Schnittigkeit auf. Wird das Finishband 10 während der Endbearbeitung an das rotierende Werkstück 1 angelegt, so ist die resultierende, materialabtragende Schnittigkeit an Rändern 8 größer als in der Mitte 9 des Finishbandes 10. Es kann somit auch mit einem das Finishband 10 andrückendem Andrückschuh, dessen Andrückfläche einen geradlinigen Verlauf quer zur Rotationsrichtung des Werkstückes 1 aufweist, eine Veränderung des Profils des Werkstückes 1 hergestellt werden. Ein mit dem Finishband 10 endbearbeitetes Werkstück 1 ist in Figur 4 unten dargestellt. Es ist zu erkennen, dass die Umfangsfläche 2 des Werkstückes 1 nach der Endbearbeitung eine leicht ballige Profilform aufweist.In figure 4 A top view of a finishing belt 10 is now shown above, which is pressed against the peripheral surface 2 of the workpiece 1 by means of a pressure shoe. The finishing belt 10 has first areas 6 with a high local cutting ability and second areas 7 with a relatively lower local cutting ability. If the finish belt 10 is applied to the rotating workpiece 1 during finishing, the resulting material-removing cutting ability at the edges 8 is greater than in the middle 9 of the finish belt 10 Having course transverse to the direction of rotation of the workpiece 1, a change in the profile of the workpiece 1 are produced. A workpiece 1 finished with the finishing belt 10 is in figure 4 shown below. It can be seen that the peripheral surface 2 of the workpiece 1 has a slightly convex profile shape after finishing.

Im Vergleich zu der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 4 ist bei der Ausführungsform der Figur 5 eine andere Anordnung der lokalen Schnittigkeiten der ersten Bereiche 6 und der zweiten Bereiche 7 gegeben. Durch eine solche Anordnung kann durch die Endbearbeitung eine stärkere Balligkeit erreicht werden, wie es an dem Abschnitt des Werkstückes 1 in Figur 5 unten angedeutet ist.Compared to the embodiment according to figure 4 is in the embodiment of figure 5 a different arrangement of the local cuts of the first areas 6 and the second areas 7 given. With such an arrangement, a stronger crowning can be achieved by finishing, as is the case with the portion of the workpiece 1 in figure 5 is indicated below.

Weitere Beispiele zur Anordnung des ersten Bereichs 6 und des zweiten Bereichs 7 sind in den Figuren 6 und 7 dargestellt. Soweit die Trennlinie zwischen den ersten Bereichen 6 und den zweiten Bereichen 7 gemäß der Ausführungsformen nach den Figuren 4 und 5 zickzackförmig verläuft, verläuft die Trennlinie zwischen dem ersten Bereich 6 und dem zweiten Bereich 7 gemäß der Ausführungsform der Figur 7 wellenförmig. Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 6, die nicht erfindungsgemäß ist, ist der erste Bereich 6 hingegen zusammenhängend ausgebildet und in diesem ersten Bereich 6 sind eine Vielzahl von gleichförmigen zweiten Bereichen 7 angeordnet.Further examples of the arrangement of the first area 6 and the second area 7 are in FIGS Figures 6 and 7 shown. As far as the dividing line between the first areas 6 and the second areas 7 according to the embodiments according to Figures 4 and 5 runs zigzag, runs the dividing line between the first region 6 and the second region 7 according to the embodiment of FIG figure 7 wavy. In the embodiment according to figure 6 , which is not according to the invention, the first area 6 is, on the other hand, designed to be continuous and in this first area 6 a multiplicity of uniform second areas 7 are arranged.

Die Erfindung sieht also vor, dass die Schnittigkeit des Finishbandes auf der Bearbeitungsfläche so verteilt ist, dass durch die Schnittigkeit eine während der Endbearbeitung herzustellende, von der ursprünglichen Profilform abweichende Profilform erreicht wird.The invention therefore provides that the cutting ability of the finishing belt is distributed on the processing surface in such a way that the cutting ability achieves a profile shape that deviates from the original profile shape and is to be produced during the finishing process.

BezugszeichenlisteReference List

11
Werkstückworkpiece
22
Umfangsflächeperipheral surface
33
Andrückeinrichtungpressing device
44
WerkzeugTool
55
Bearbeitungsflächeprocessing area
66
erster Bereichfirst area
77
zweiter Bereichsecond area
88th
Randedge
99
Mittecenter
1010
Finishbandfinish tape

Claims (7)

  1. A method for finishing a peripheral surface (2) of a shaft-shaped workpiece (1) by means of a finishing tape (10) having a processing surface (5), comprising at least the following steps:
    - Driving the workpiece (1) into a rotational motion with a driving device,
    - Pressing the processing surface (5) of the finishing tape (10) against a peripheral surface (2) having a first profile shape with a press-on device (3), wherein the finishing tape (10) is selected as a function of a second profile shape of the peripheral surface (2) intended after the finishing process that differs from the first profile shape, wherein a spatial distribution of the cutting ability of the processing surface (5) of the finishing tape (10) along the axis of rotation of the workpiece (2) prescribes the intended second profile shape, wherein more material is abraded at least at one axial location of the workpiece (1) than at another axial location offset parallel to the axis of rotation, characterized in that the processing surface (5) of the finishing tape (10) which abuts against the peripheral surface (2) of the workpiece (1) has at least one first area (6) with a first cutting ability and at least one second area (7) with a second cutting ability that differs from the first cutting ability, and that a dividing line zigzags or undulates between the first area (6) and the second area (7) along the direction of the rotational motion of the peripheral surface.
  2. A device for finishing a peripheral surface (2) of a shaft-shaped workpiece (1), comprising a driving device for generating a rotational motion of the workpiece (2) and a press-on device (3) for pressing a finishing tape (10) against the peripheral surface (2) of the rotating workpiece (1), wherein a processing surface (5) of the finishing tape (10) abuts against the peripheral surface (2) during operation and the peripheral surface (2) has a first profile shape, and wherein the processing surface (5) has areas (6, 7) that differ in cutting ability, wherein a spatial distribution of cutting ability along an axis of rotation of the workpiece (2) prescribes a second profile shape of the peripheral surface (2) that differs from the first profile shape after finishing, wherein more material is abraded at least at one axial location of the workpiece (1) than at another axial location offset parallel to the axis of rotation during operation, characterized in that, during operation, the processing surface (5) of the finishing tape (10) that abuts against the peripheral surface (2) of the workpiece (1) has at least one first area (6) with a first cutting ability and at least one second area (7) with a second cutting ability that differs from the first cutting ability, and a dividing line zigzags or undulates between the first area (6) and the second area (7) along the direction of the rotational motion of the peripheral surface.
  3. The device according to claim 2, wherein, in order to generate a spherical second profile shape from a straight first profile shape of the peripheral surface (2), the cutting ability of the processing surface of the finishing tape (10) is the highest at edges (8) of the processing surface (5) and lower in the middle (9).
  4. The device according to claim 2, wherein, in order to generate a concave second profile shape from a straight first profile shape of the peripheral surface (2), the cutting ability of the processing surface (5) of the finishing tape (10) is lowest at edges (8) of the processing surface and highest in the middle (9).
  5. The device according to claim 2, wherein, in order to generate a gothic second profile shape from a uniformly round first profile shape of the peripheral surface (2), the cutting ability of the processing surface (5) of the finishing tape (10) transverse to the direction of the rotational motion of the peripheral surfaces (2) has at least three local maximums or minimums.
  6. The device according to one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the local cutting ability of the processing surface (5) of the finishing tape (10) is prescribed by at least one of the following parameters:
    - Grain type,
    - Grain material,
    - Grain size,
    - Grain density and
    - Grain orientation.
  7. A method according to claim 1 with a tool having the features of one of claims 3 to 6.
EP16202745.2A 2015-12-18 2016-12-07 Finishing tool possessing locally varying cutting ability Active EP3181293B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015122189.6A DE102015122189A1 (en) 2015-12-18 2015-12-18 Finish tool with locally varying cutting ability

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EP3181293A1 EP3181293A1 (en) 2017-06-21
EP3181293B1 true EP3181293B1 (en) 2022-10-12

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DE (1) DE102015122189A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111971148A (en) * 2018-03-14 2020-11-20 磨卡有限公司 Method and apparatus for grinding, and product and use of said product

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JP2003089047A (en) * 2001-09-18 2003-03-25 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Curved surface finishing method and its device
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WO2016193534A1 (en) * 2015-06-05 2016-12-08 Kwh Mirka Ltd An abrasive product and a method for manufacturing such

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US4240232A (en) * 1977-12-30 1980-12-23 Giddings & Lewis, Inc. Coated abrasive superfinishing stone and method of making same
JPH03130367U (en) * 1990-04-10 1991-12-27
EP0802017B1 (en) 1996-04-19 1999-10-27 Ernst Thielenhaus GmbH & Co. KG Device for honing shafts, particularly crankshafts
DE19850216A1 (en) * 1998-10-31 2000-05-04 Nagel Masch Werkzeug Method and device for fine machining of essentially cylindrical workpiece surfaces
JP2003071702A (en) * 2001-09-05 2003-03-12 Nsk Ltd Superfinishing process method of raceway of ball bearing and superfinishing grinding structure
DE102014211938A1 (en) * 2014-06-23 2015-12-24 Nagel Maschinen- Und Werkzeugfabrik Gmbh Finish Tool

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US20010041523A1 (en) * 2000-05-04 2001-11-15 Societe Des Procedes Et Machines Speciales Machine for grinding cylindrical bearing surfaces on parts using an abrasive belt
JP2003089047A (en) * 2001-09-18 2003-03-25 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Curved surface finishing method and its device
CN2880385Y (en) * 2006-02-21 2007-03-21 江宪宗 Sand band
WO2016193534A1 (en) * 2015-06-05 2016-12-08 Kwh Mirka Ltd An abrasive product and a method for manufacturing such

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