EP3171612A1 - Audio-headset mit aktiver geräuschkontrolle, anti-okklusionskontrolle und löschung der passiven schalldämpfung je nach vorliegen oder nicht-vorliegen einer stimmaktivität des headset-benutzers - Google Patents

Audio-headset mit aktiver geräuschkontrolle, anti-okklusionskontrolle und löschung der passiven schalldämpfung je nach vorliegen oder nicht-vorliegen einer stimmaktivität des headset-benutzers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3171612A1
EP3171612A1 EP16195681.8A EP16195681A EP3171612A1 EP 3171612 A1 EP3171612 A1 EP 3171612A1 EP 16195681 A EP16195681 A EP 16195681A EP 3171612 A1 EP3171612 A1 EP 3171612A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
feedforward
feedback
signal
filter
voice activity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16195681.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Vu Hoang Co Thuy
Marc MICHAU
Rémi PONÇOT
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Parrot Drones SAS
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Parrot Drones SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Parrot Drones SAS filed Critical Parrot Drones SAS
Publication of EP3171612A1 publication Critical patent/EP3171612A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1008—Earpieces of the supra-aural or circum-aural type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
    • G10K11/17827—Desired external signals, e.g. pass-through audio such as music or speech
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
    • G10K11/17854—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter the filter being an adaptive filter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17861—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices using additional means for damping sound, e.g. using sound absorbing panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
    • G10K11/17881—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being an acoustic signal, e.g. recorded with a microphone
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17885—General system configurations additionally using a desired external signal, e.g. pass-through audio such as music or speech
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L25/00—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
    • G10L25/78—Detection of presence or absence of voice signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1041—Mechanical or electronic switches, or control elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/108—Communication systems, e.g. where useful sound is kept and noise is cancelled
    • G10K2210/1081—Earphones, e.g. for telephones, ear protectors or headsets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3016—Control strategies, e.g. energy minimization or intensity measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3026—Feedback
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3027—Feedforward
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3028—Filtering, e.g. Kalman filters or special analogue or digital filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/321—Physical
    • G10K2210/3221—Headrests, seats or the like, for personal ANC systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/321—Physical
    • G10K2210/3224—Passive absorbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2420/00—Details of connection covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H04R2420/05—Detection of connection of loudspeakers or headphones to amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/01—Hearing devices using active noise cancellation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/05—Electronic compensation of the occlusion effect

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a set of "headset” type, comprising an audio headset provided with an “active noise control” system, combined with a microphone assembly capable of picking up the voice of the wearer of the headset.
  • the headphones usually include two headphones joined by a hoop.
  • Each earpiece includes a closed shell, housing a sound reproduction transducer and intended to be applied around the ear of the user with interposition of a circumaural pad isolating the ear from the external sound environment.
  • headphones type “headphones” with a transducer housed in a shell surrounding the ear helmet “circum-aural" or in support thereof (helmet “supra-aural”)
  • this example should not be considered as limiting, the invention can be applied as well, as will be understood, headphones type “intra-auricular”, “intra-conque” or the like.
  • the headset can be used to listen to an audio source (music for example) from a device such as MP3 player, radio, smartphone, etc. to which it is connected by a wired link or by a wireless link, including a connection type Bluefooth (registered trademark).
  • a device such as MP3 player, radio, smartphone, etc. to which it is connected by a wired link or by a wireless link, including a connection type Bluefooth (registered trademark).
  • the microphone set it is also possible to use this headset for communication functions such as "hands-free" telephony functions, in addition to listening to the audio source.
  • the headset transducer then reproduces the voice of the remote speaker with which the wearer of the headset is in conversation.
  • the headset When the headset is used in a noisy environment (metro, street, train, airplane, etc.) the wearer is partially protected from noise by the headphones headphones, which isolate it thanks to the closed shell and the circumaural pad.
  • the mechanical structure of the helmet passively reduces the level of ambient noise as a low-pass filter, more attenuating high frequencies.
  • the level of attenuation is directly related to the mechanical parameters of the helmet, mainly its mass and its stiffness.
  • Documents such as EP 0 414 479 A2 and US 8,358,799 B1 describe various techniques for optimizing this passive filtering function.
  • ANC Active Noise Control
  • the EP 2 597 889 A1 (Parrot ) Describes a helmet provided with such a feedback ANC system combining type of filtering, in a closed loop and feed-forward, open-loop.
  • the feedback filtering channel receives a signal picked up by a microphone disposed within the earpiece shell near the ear, capturing the sound produced by the transducer and the residual, unneutralized noise, still noticeable in the sound. earpiece cavity.
  • the feedforward filtering channel uses the signal picked up by an external microphone to collect the spurious noise in the helmet wearer's immediate environment.
  • a third filtering channel processes the audio signal from the music source to be reproduced.
  • the output signals of the three filtering channels are combined and applied to the transducer to reproduce the signal of the musical source associated with a surrounding noise canceling signal (the signal of the internal microphone, from which the audio signal from the musical source is subtracted, constituting an error signal for the feedback loop of the ANC system).
  • a vibration propagates from the vocal cords to the pharynx and to the bucco-nasal cavity, where it is modulated, amplified and articulated.
  • the mouth, the soft palate, the pharynx, the sinuses and the nasal fossae serve as a sounding board for this sound and, their walls being elastic, they vibrate in turn and these vibrations are transmitted by internal bone conduction directly up to the subject's ear.
  • this helmet when a helmet is worn, this helmet completely or partially obstructs the auditory canal, that is to say it introduces a significant acoustic impedance at the outer end of the ear canal: this impedance causes the resonance within the auditory canal of sounds transmitted by bone conduction, and thus an amplification of the low frequency part of the voice signal with respect to a situation where the auditory canal is open, with a rise in the level of the order of 20 dB below 500 Hz. The user then perceives his voice much more muted.
  • a passive solution is to provide a pressure equalization vent between the auditory canal cavity and the external environment, in the form of a tube passing through the auditory prosthesis.
  • the difficulty of the problem lies in the fact that the palliatives with the two aforementioned drawbacks (amplification of one's own voice by the user and variable attenuation of the external noise) give rise to contradictory solutions if they are implemented by static methods.
  • the correction will also play on the external noises located in these frequencies, which are generally unwanted noises that it is desired to eliminate (rolling noise of a car or train), so that by overcoming one of the phenomena, we will degrade the automatic attenuation of noise.
  • the US 2014/0126736 A1 ( US 8,798,283 B2 ) proposes a solution in which the feedback filter used in a "natural atmosphere reproduction" mode (where the user wishes to perceive the sound environment) is the same as that of a mode called “noise cancellation” (where the headset operates in conventional ANC mode), while the feedforward filter is modified compared to the ANC mode in order to better achieve a so-called “natural ambience” target response such that it would be without wearing the headset .
  • the feedback filter is mainly effective below 1000 Hz and attenuates the occlusion effect, but also all external noises. For To compensate for this, the feedforward filter reinjects the external noise both in the entire band of audible frequencies (below and above 1 kHz).
  • the US 2014/0126734 A1 describes a variant of the US 2014/0126736 A1 above, where an automatic detection of the presence or absence of speech is provided by analyzing the acoustic waves picked up by the internal feedback microphone (which, due to a transmission by bone conduction between the larynx and the auditory canal, collects increased acoustic pressure when the user speaks).
  • the anti-occlusion system is activated, with modification of the feedforward and feedback filter responses . But the disadvantages outlined above remain unresolved.
  • the present invention is based on the use of a voice activity detection system controlling an adapted adaptation of the pairs of feedback and feedforward filters in the presence or absence of detected voice.
  • the invention applies to all closed helmets, whether of the "circum-aural”, “supra-aural”, or the “intra-auricular” type of headphones comprising an active control of ANC hybrid noise, including both a feedback filtering path and a feedforward filtering path .
  • the subject of the invention is such a helmet comprising, in a manner known per se from US 2014/0126734 A1 above mentioned, two earphones each comprising a sound reproduction transducer of an audio signal to be reproduced, this transducer being housed in an acoustic ear cavity.
  • the parameters of the feedforward filter transfer function applied to the feedforward filter by the dynamic switching means for effecting said cancellation of the passive attenuation are chosen so as to provide, in a frequency range at least between 100 and 300 Hz, a first filter gain feedforward less than a second filtering gain feedforward filtering transfer function feedforward applied to filter feedforward by the dynamic switching means for operating said anti-occlusion control in the presence of voice activity.
  • the parameters of the feedback filter transfer function applied to the feedback filter by the dynamic switching means for operating said anti-occlusion control can be chosen so as to provide, in a frequency range included in FIG. less between 100 and 300 Hz, a first feedback filter gain greater than a second filter gain function feedback filtering transfer of feedback applied to the feedback filter by the dynamic switch means in the absence of voice activity.
  • the first feedforward filter gain in the absence of voice activity may be in particular at most 8 dB for frequencies below 1 kHz, and the second feedforward filter gain in the presence of voice activity may be especially at least 10 dB in a frequency range of at least 100 to 300 Hz.
  • the first feedback filter gain in the presence of voice activity can be in particular at least 15 dB in a frequency range of at least between 100 and 300 Hz, and the second gain feedback in the absence of voice activity can be in particular not more than 5 dB for frequencies between 200 Hz and 1 kHz.
  • the parameters of the feed forward transfer and feedback filter transfer functions applied by the dynamic switching means to the feedforward and feedback filters in the absence of voice activity can be chosen so as to provide, for frequencies below 1 kHz, a breath less than that provided by the feedforward filter transfer functions and feedback applied by the dynamic switching means in the presence of voice activity.
  • the parameters of the feed-forward and feedback filter transfer functions applied by the dynamic switching means to the feedforward filters can be chosen so as to provide together, for frequencies below 1 kHz, a final restitution of the external noise. close to that provided by the feedforward filter transfer functions and feedback applied by the dynamic switching means in the absence of voice activity, so as to avoid an audible discontinuity during switching.
  • the feedforward filter is one of a plurality of preconfigured, selectively switchable feedforward filters.
  • the digital signal processor then further comprises: means for analyzing said first signal (e) delivered by the internal microphone, able to verify whether current characteristics of this first signal or not satisfy a set of predetermined criteria; and selection means, able to select one of the preconfigured feedforward filters according to the result of the verification of the set of criteria performed by the analysis means on the characteristics of the first signal.
  • the current characteristics of the first signal may in particular comprise energy values of this first signal in a plurality of frequency bands, the predetermined criteria comprising a series of respective thresholds at which said energy values are compared.
  • the set of predetermined criteria may further comprise a criterion of presence or not of an audio signal to be reproduced. Two different sets of said respective thresholds are then compared with which said energy values are compared, one or the other of these two series being selected according to whether an audio signal to be reproduced is present or not.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a headset microphone headset placed on the head of his user.
  • the helmet comprises, in a conventional manner, two earphones 10, 10 'joined by a holding bar 12, and each earpiece comprises an outer shell 14 which is applied to the contour of the ear of the user, with the interposition between the shell 14 and the periphery of the ear of a circumaural flexible pad 16 for to provide an acoustically sound seal between the ear region and the external sound environment.
  • this example configuration of "headphone” type with a transducer housed in a shell surrounding the ear or resting on it should not be considered as limiting, the invention can also be well applied to headphones of the in-ear or intra-conch type comprising an element to be placed in the auditory canal, thus headphones devoid of a shell and a cushion surrounding or covering the ear.
  • the Figure 2 is a schematic representation showing the different acoustic and electrical signals as well as the essential functional blocks involved in the operation of an ANC (Active Noise Control) headset.
  • ANC Active Noise Control
  • the earphone 10 encloses a sound reproduction transducer 18, hereinafter referred to simply as a "transducer”, carried by a partition 20 defining two cavities, namely a front cavity 22 on the side of the ear and a rear cavity 24 on the opposite side. .
  • the front cavity 22 is defined by the inner partition 20, the wall 14 of the earpiece, the pad 16 and the outer face of the user's head in the region of the ear.
  • This cavity is a closed cavity, with the exception of the inevitable acoustic leaks in the region of contact of the pad 16.
  • the rear cavity 24 is a closed cavity, with the exception of an acoustic vent 26 making it possible to obtain a reinforcement low frequencies in the front cavity 22 of the earpiece.
  • an internal microphone 28 is disposed as close as possible to the auditory canal of the ear for sensing the acoustic signal in the internal cavity 22, a signal in which is present a residual noise component which will be perceived by the user. Since the noise neutralization is never perfect, this internal microphone makes it possible to obtain an error signal e which is applied to a feedback filter branch 30 in a closed loop.
  • one (or more) external microphone (s) 32 is (are) placed on the shell of the headphone earphones, to capture the surrounding acoustic signals present outside the earpiece .
  • the signal collected by the external microphone 32 is applied to a filter stage feedforward 34 of the active noise control system.
  • the signals from the feedback branch 30 and the feedforward branch 34 are combined at 36 to drive the transducer 18.
  • the transducer 18 may further receive an audio signal to be reproduced from a musical source (walkman, radio, etc.), or a voice signal from a remote speaker in a telephony application. Since this signal experiences the effects of the closed loop distorting it, it will have to be preprocessed by an equalization so as to present the desired transfer function, determined by the gain of the open loop and the target response without active control.
  • the headset further includes another external microphone 38 ( Figure 1 ) for communication functions, in particular to provide hands-free telephony functions.
  • This additional external microphone 38 is intended to pick up the voice of the wearer of the helmet, it does not intervene in the active control of the noise and, in the following, we will consider as external microphone used by the ANC system only the microphone 32 dedicated to active noise control.
  • the Figure 3 illustrates, in section, an exemplary embodiment of the various mechanical and electroacoustic elements schematically represented on the Figure 2 for one of the headphones 10 (the other headphone 10 'being made identically). It contains the partition 20 dividing the inside of the shell 14 into a front cavity 22 and a rear cavity 24 with, mounted on this partition, the transducer 18 and the internal microphone 28 carried by a grid maintaining it close to the auditory canal of the user.
  • a vibration sensor 40 (accelerometer sensor) is advantageously incorporated in the pad 16 of one of the earphones of the helmet so as to come into contact with the user's jaw through the material covering this pad. It thus acts as a physiological sensor to collect vocal vibrations at the cheek and temple, vibrations that have the characteristic of being, by nature, very little corrupted by the surrounding noise: indeed, in the presence of outside noise, the tissues of the cheek and the temple hardly vibrate, whatever the spectral composition of the external noise.
  • vibration sensor 40 makes it possible to obtain a signal at low frequencies (due to the filtering generated by the propagation of vibrations to the temple), and that this signal is naturally devoid of noise component noise, even though the noises generally encountered in a usual environment (street, subway, train ...) are mainly concentrated in the low frequencies.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b illustrate the spectra of acoustic signals, speech and ambient noise respectively, collected at the ear with and without headphones worn by the user and in the absence of any electronic signal processing.
  • the Figure 4a illustrates the spectrum of a user's voice signal, measured at the location of his ear: the dashed feature corresponds to a situation where no headphones are worn, and the feature in full line to that where a headset is worn, but without any anti-occlusion treatment according to the invention: it is noted that in the low frequencies, up to about 550 Hz, the voice signal is amplified to +20 dB due to the occlusion phenomenon. On the contrary, beyond this frequency, the voice signal is mainly transmitted by air, and it is attenuated by -15 dB by the passive mechanical elements of the helmet.
  • the Figure 4b illustrates the spectra of a pink noise signal generated outside the helmet, and measured at the location of the ear of the user.
  • the feature in full line corresponds to the situation where no helmet is worn, and the dashed feature to that where a helmet is worn, but still without any anti-attenuation treatment according to the invention: it is noted that the outside noise is attenuated by about -15 dB above a frequency of about 200 Hz.
  • the Figure 5 schematically illustrates, in the form of functional blocks, the ANC active noise control system and anti-occlusion and anti-attenuation treatment according to the invention. It is advantageously a digital type ANC system, implemented by a digital signal processor (DSP) 42.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ADC analog-digital converter
  • DAC digital-to-analog converter
  • the analysis of the voice activity can implement algorithms of known type, for example those described in the WO 2007/099222 A1 (Parrot SA) and EP 2 772 916 A1 (Parrot SA ), which can be referred to for further details.
  • These algorithms deliver in real time, as a function of the analyzed signals, a presence probability value (or absence) of speech between 0 and 100% for each frame of the analyzed digital signal.
  • the comparison of the current value of this probability with a given predetermined or dynamic threshold makes it possible to obtain for each frame a binary indication of presence / absence of speech in the signal collected.
  • the voice activity detector 60 controls the feedback filters 46 and feedforward 58 so as to modify the characteristics thereof according to whether or not there is a voice activity of the headset user, that is, that is to say, whether or not he is speaking, a typical situation in a "hands-free" telephone conversation with a distant party, or a conversation with a person physically present nearby.
  • the Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating the way in which the different signals collected by the device are combined with each other, as well as the transfer functions applied.
  • the accelerometer 40 captures on several axes a signal A m from micro-movements of the jaw,
  • the principle of the invention consists in making a differentiated adjustment of the filters H FB and H FF as a function of the presence or the absence of a vocal activity, so as to optimize the operation thereof.
  • H FB1 and H FF1 the pair of filters H FB and H FF set for this first situation.
  • SWNR is defined as the user's signal-to-wind noise ratio or measured by the internal microphone when an anti-occlusion or attenuation canceling mode is activated.
  • the invention is based on the differentiation of the signals picked up by the internal feedback microphone 28 and those picked up by the feedforward 32 external microphone.
  • the first is sensitive to the amplification in the low frequencies related to the voice signal transmitted to the auditory canal by bone conduction, while this amplification, linked to the occlusion of the channel, is not perceived by the external microphone.
  • feedforward 32 which is mounted on the outer part of the helmet.
  • H a being the acoustic transfer function between the transducer 18 and the feedback microphone 28 and M being the audio signal.
  • the treatment applies the pair of filters H FF1 and H FB1 : the feedback filter H FB1 has the effect of attenuating this occlusion effect, and the feedforward filter H FF1 operates i) the reinjection of the low frequencies of noise and external voices that had been attenuated by the feedback filter , in addition to ii) the reinjection of these sounds into the higher frequencies, which had been attenuated by the passive mechanical elements of the headphones ( Figure 7b ).
  • the anti-occlusion treatment will then consist of a cancellation of the occlusion effect, as characterized on the curve of the Figure 4a .
  • H FB1 H at - 1 . 1 - H ext + V vs V at
  • the Figure 8 illustrates, in amplitude and in phase, the transfer function of such a feedback filter , in full line.
  • the filtering H FB1 applies a maximum attenuation gain in the low frequencies, in this example an attenuation gain of at least 15 dB between 100 Hz and 300 Hz, which makes it possible to cancel the voice signal V c transmitted by bone conduction.
  • the H FB1 filter also satisfies the general constraints of ANC type feedback type systems , that is to say that it allocates sufficient gain and phase margins so that the system remains stable under all conditions of use. , thus preventing any oscillation effect (Larsen effect).
  • a feedforward control H FF1 is added.
  • the Figure 9 illustrates, in amplitude and in phase, the diagram of such a feedforward filter .
  • the feedforward has a gain of at least 10 dB between 100 Hz and 300 Hz.
  • the anti-occlusion treatment then consists only in a reinjection of the external noise, as characterized on the curve of the Figure 4b , by means of a feedforward control .
  • the filter has a gain of at most 8 dB for frequencies below 1 kHz.
  • a control by a feedback filter H FB2 is added in order to make less disturbing the effects such as those produced by the movements of the body of the user who wears the helmet, his breathing, the heartbeat, etc.
  • the H FB2 feedback filter used for this purpose is chosen specifically for the passive attenuation cancellation mode.
  • the desired performance for this feedback control combined with the feedforward H FF2 control is to decrease the low frequencies (below 1 kHz) by about 5 dB on the response measured by the internal microphone 28, to make it more comfortable. 'user experience' in this mode.
  • the gain of the H FB2 feedback filter is at most 5 dB for frequencies between 200 Hz and 1 kHz. Note that in the region between 100 Hz and 300 Hz, the filter gain feedback FB2 H used in the absence of speech is significantly lower than the feedback filter H FB1 used in the presence of speech, this at least 15 dB.
  • the adaptive anti-occlusion system can not only automatically adapt to a situation of presence or absence of voice of the user of the helmet, as explained above, but also adapt automatically depending on the nature and level of ambient noise.
  • the application of the technique described above and the equation giving H FF ensures that the greater the passive attenuation H ext of the helmet is important, the higher the gain applied in the feedforward filter branch will have to be high , with the consequence that the breath, that is to say the electrical noise intrinsic to the restitution chain, can become audible when the user is in a calm environment - whereas in a noisier environment, the acoustic noise outside masks the intrinsic electric noise, and the breath is not perceived.
  • the Figure 10 schematically illustrates, in the form of functional blocks, the main elements making it possible to implement this emptying improvement to dynamically adapt the anti-occlusion treatment according to the type and level of ambient noise.
  • This functional block 64 can be implemented by appropriate programming of the DSP 42, in association with ADC and DAC components with a very short delay (a few milliseconds delay) allowing the use of efficient digital filtering.
  • the adaptive adjustment of the feedforward filtering 58 can be very advantageously obtained by real-time switching of a particular filtering configuration chosen from among a plurality of X predetermined filtering configurations implemented within the block 58, each of these X filters. to obtain a more or less strong attenuation, so as to reduce the level of breath as necessary when it can not be masked by the surrounding external noise.
  • the Figure 11 illustrates more precisely the elements implemented by the block CTRL 64 for the analysis of the signal and the selection of the filters of the feedforward branch 58.
  • the digitized signal e collected by the internal microphone 28 is subjected to a frequency decomposition by a battery of filters 66 (for example Filter 1 could be a low-pass filter, Filter 2 a band-pass filter, etc.) in order to calculate in The energy Rms i of this signal e in each of its N frequency components.
  • filters 66 for example Filter 1 could be a low-pass filter, Filter 2 a band-pass filter, etc.
  • the obtained values Rms 1 , Rms 2 ... Rms N are applied to a state machine 70, which compares these energy values with respective thresholds and determines, according to these comparisons, that of the X filters of the feedforward branch 58 which must be selected to modify in real time the filter coefficients of the transfer function H FF of the anti-occlusion treatment.
  • the Figure 12 illustrates more precisely how this state machine operates 70.
  • the state machine decides, as a function of the current energy levels Rms 1 , Rms 2 ... Rms N , as well as the presence or absence of an audio signal such as music (whose signal restored by the speaker 18 is also restored by the internal microphone 28) whether or not to change the transfer function H FF as it is in the initial state.
  • test 72 The presence or absence of a music signal (test 72) is deduced from an indicator provided by the playback channel, for example by a simple comparison to a threshold of the signal present on the path intended for the music.
  • the thresholds which will be used next are adjusted to respective different values (blocks 74, 74 '), to take into account that the music plays, like the external noise, a role of masking on the perception of the breath introduced by the anti-occlusion control and cancellation of the passive attenuation.
  • Threshold NOT 2 Threshold NOT 2 with higher thresholds, ie Threshold (1,2) > Threshold (1,1), Threshold (2,2) > Threshold (2,1) ... Threshold (N, 2) > Threshold ( N, 1).
  • This technique aims to neutralize a phenomenon that occurs during the manipulation of the helmet, or when the user walks heavily or short: the movements of the helmet then create sudden overpressures in the front cavity of the earpiece. These overpressures are picked up by the internal microphone and result in a spurious peak of the input signal of the feedback branch , with a saturation of the filter producing an output by the transducer an audible signal or "plop", unpleasant for the user.
  • the DSP simultaneously analyzes the microphone signal delivered by the internal microphone and the accelerometric signal. delivered by the physiological sensor, so as to temporarily and selectively switch an anti-saturation filter provided upstream of the feedback filter ANC , so as to reduce the level of the signal applied at the input of this feedback filter to a level compatible with a functioning normal of the latter.
  • an anti-saturation filter provided upstream of the feedback filter ANC , so as to reduce the level of the signal applied at the input of this feedback filter to a level compatible with a functioning normal of the latter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
EP16195681.8A 2015-11-19 2016-10-26 Audio-headset mit aktiver geräuschkontrolle, anti-okklusionskontrolle und löschung der passiven schalldämpfung je nach vorliegen oder nicht-vorliegen einer stimmaktivität des headset-benutzers Withdrawn EP3171612A1 (de)

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FR1561109A FR3044197A1 (fr) 2015-11-19 2015-11-19 Casque audio a controle actif de bruit, controle anti-occlusion et annulation de l'attenuation passive, en fonction de la presence ou de l'absence d'une activite vocale de l'utilisateur de casque.

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EP3171612A1 true EP3171612A1 (de) 2017-05-24

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US (1) US20170148428A1 (de)
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CN113597773B (zh) * 2019-03-18 2024-05-10 思睿逻辑国际半导体有限公司 自身话音闭塞的补偿
WO2020248113A1 (zh) * 2019-06-11 2020-12-17 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 一种骨传声信号处理方法、装置、芯片、耳机及存储介质
CN112400326A (zh) * 2019-06-11 2021-02-23 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 一种骨传声信号处理方法、装置、芯片、耳机及存储介质
CN112400326B (zh) * 2019-06-11 2023-02-28 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 一种骨传声信号处理方法、装置、芯片、耳机及存储介质
CN114040285A (zh) * 2021-09-26 2022-02-11 北京小米移动软件有限公司 耳机的前馈滤波器参数生成方法、设备、耳机及存储介质
CN114040285B (zh) * 2021-09-26 2024-02-06 北京小米移动软件有限公司 耳机的前馈滤波器参数生成方法、设备、耳机及存储介质
WO2023240512A1 (zh) * 2022-06-15 2023-12-21 北京小米移动软件有限公司 跌倒检测方法、装置、耳机及存储介质

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