EP3165729A1 - Générateur acoustique à fixer sur un véhicule pour influencer les bruits provenant du véhicule - Google Patents

Générateur acoustique à fixer sur un véhicule pour influencer les bruits provenant du véhicule Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3165729A1
EP3165729A1 EP16195879.8A EP16195879A EP3165729A1 EP 3165729 A1 EP3165729 A1 EP 3165729A1 EP 16195879 A EP16195879 A EP 16195879A EP 3165729 A1 EP3165729 A1 EP 3165729A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound generator
loudspeaker
housing
valve body
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16195879.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3165729B1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Nicolai
Thomas Schmidt
Jan Krüger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eberspaecher Exhaust Technology GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3165729A1 publication Critical patent/EP3165729A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3165729B1 publication Critical patent/EP3165729B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/06—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect
    • F01N1/065—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect by using an active noise source, e.g. speakers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/16—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts
    • F01N1/166—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts for changing gas flow path through the silencer or for adjusting the dimensions of a chamber or a pipe
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1861—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the assembly using parts formed by casting or moulding
    • F01N13/1866—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the assembly using parts formed by casting or moulding the channels or tubes thereof being made integrally with the housing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
    • G10K11/17883—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being derived from a machine operating condition, e.g. engine RPM or vehicle speed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/127—Underwater acoustics, e.g. for submarine
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/128—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/13—Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sound generator for attachment to a vehicle for influencing noises of the vehicle.
  • This vehicle may be an internal combustion engine or electrically powered vehicle and in particular a motor vehicle.
  • the sound generator may be part of a system for influencing sound waves guided in exhaust systems of vehicles powered by internal combustion engines.
  • an internal combustion engine for example reciprocating engine, rotary piston engine or free-piston engine
  • noises are generated as a result of the successive operating cycles (in particular suction and compression of a fuel-air mixture, working and expelling the combusted fuel-air mixture).
  • These go through as a structure-borne noise the internal combustion engine and are radiated outside the internal combustion engine as airborne sound.
  • the noise as airborne sound, together with the combusted fuel-air mixture pass through an exhaust system in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine.
  • the noise passing through the exhaust system as airborne noise is called exhaust noise.
  • the noise that passes through the internal combustion engine as structure-borne noise can be well insulated and therefore generally poses no problem with regard to noise protection.
  • the an exhaust system of the internal combustion engine together with the combusted fuel-air mixture as airborne noise exhaust emissions are reduced by arranged in front of the mouth of the exhaust system muffler, which are possibly downstream of existing catalysts.
  • Such silencers can work, for example, according to the absorption and / or reflection principle. Both modes of operation have the disadvantage that they require a comparatively large volume and set a relatively high resistance to the burned fuel-air mixture, whereby the overall efficiency of the vehicle decreases and fuel consumption increases.
  • anti-noise systems As an alternative or supplement to silencers so-called anti-noise systems have been developed for some time, which superimpose an electro-acoustically generated anti-sound generated by the internal combustion engine and conducted in the exhaust system airborne sound.
  • Such antisound systems typically employ a so-called filtered-mean-time squares (FxLMS) algorithm which seeks to attenuate the airborne sound carried in the exhaust system by outputting sound via at least one sound generator (eg, a voice coil loudspeaker) in fluid communication with the exhaust system another acoustic actuator) to zero (in the case of sound cancellation) or a predetermined threshold (in the case of sound interference) to regulate.
  • FxLMS filtered-mean-time squares
  • the sound waves originating from the sound generator must correspond in amplitude and frequency to the sound waves carried in the exhaust system, but have a phase shift of 180 degrees relative thereto , although the sound waves of the airborne sound carried in the exhaust system and the sound waves of the anti-sounding generated by the sound generator are in frequency, and they have a phase shift of 180 degrees relative to each other, but the sound waves do not correspond in amplitude, it only happens to a weakening of the guided in the exhaust system sound waves of airborne sound.
  • the anti-noise is calculated separately by means of the FxLMS algorithm by determining a suitable frequency and phase angle of two mutually shifted by 90 degrees sinusoids, and the required amplitudes for these sinusoids are calculated.
  • the aim of anti-sound systems is that the sound cancellation or sound influencing at least outside, but possibly also within the exhaust system is audible and measurable.
  • the derivation of a control signal for generating a desired anti-sounding by means of a sound generator is the skilled person for example from the documents US 4,177,874 . US 5,229,556 . US 5,233,137 . US 5,343,533 . US 5,336,856 . US 5,432,857 .
  • the coupling of the sound generated by anti-sound systems can be effected in that the sound generator is acoustically coupled to the exhaust system.
  • it is also known to mount the sound generator independently of the exhaust system for example, on the underbody of a vehicle rear and there to spend the anti-sound.
  • the sound generator is in fluid communication with the exhaust system or mounted on the underbody of a vehicle independently of the exhaust system, placing the sound generator on the underbody of a vehicle poses several problems.
  • the available space is usually very large limited, so that the sound generator must be designed as compact as possible overall; on the other hand, the sound generator must be protected against external influences and in particular against water and dirt.
  • the in Figure 1A in a schematic perspective view sound generator 3 has a dimensionally stable housing, which is constructed in two parts of an upper shell 32 and a lower shell 33, which are connected to each other airtight.
  • the housing accommodates an electrodynamic loudspeaker 2 and is connected via a Y-piece 1 to an exhaust system 4.
  • the Y-piece 1 has at the foot of the "Y" on an orifice 5 to emit exhaust gas guided in the exhaust system 4 and sound generated by the speaker 2 to the outside. Through the connection via the Y-piece, the thermal load of the recorded in the sound generator 3 speaker 2 is kept low due to the guided in the exhaust system 4 exhaust gas.
  • a pressure compensation valve 36 is arranged on the upper shell 32 of the housing.
  • the upper shell 32 further carries a ring 37 made of cast metal, which surrounds the pressure compensation valve 36.
  • the ring 37 has a slot at the bottom.
  • the upper shell 32 carries a cable duct 34, via which electrical lines are guided into the interior of the sound generator 3.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic sectional view through the sound generator 3 from Figure 1A shown.
  • the speaker 2 embodied as a voice coil loudspeaker has a permanent magnet 21 and a funnel-shaped membrane 22 which are jointly supported by a loudspeaker basket 23.
  • the membrane 22 is radially outwardly connected via an elastic bead (not shown) to the loudspeaker frame 23 and has radially inside a voice coil (not shown), which is guided in bores in the permanent magnet 21.
  • a force is exerted on the diaphragm 22 due to the Lorentz force on the voice coil, which causes it to vibrate.
  • the electrical control signals needed to operate the voice coil are provided by leads 35 through the grommet 34 in the upper shell 32 of the housing.
  • the speaker basket 23 is radially outward held by a horn 42 which is connected via a connecting tube 41 with the Y-piece 1.
  • the use of the sound funnel 42 is required in the example shown, since the area of the diaphragm 22 of the loudspeaker 2 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the exhaust system 4 in the region of the coupling of the sound.
  • the large area of the membrane 22 is required to achieve the required sound fluxes.
  • the funnel-shaped membrane 22 defines an axis of symmetry, which forms an angle of 33 ° with a bottom of the bell mouth 42.
  • the back volume 37 is thus basically completed and acts as an air poster on the membrane 22 of the speaker 2.
  • the front volume 39 consists essentially of the volume enclosed by the bell 42, and is not completed.
  • the back volume 37 acts more or less strongly damping the membrane 22 and can also be a one-sided deflection of the membrane 22 from her Effect zero position out.
  • the pressure compensation valve 36 ensures that a pressure inside the housing is approximately equal to a pressure outside the housing.
  • the pressure in the back volume 38 is constantly adjusted to the pressure outside the housing of the sound generator 3. This is intended to prevent unilateral deflection of the diaphragm 22 out of its zero position
  • the pressure equalizing valve of the sound generator often works only unreliable.
  • the pressure compensation valve is easily damaged by impacts from the outside; on the other hand, the pressure compensation valve can clog with dust or water, so that no pressure compensation is possible.
  • the pressure compensation valve of the sound generator is below the waterline, often no pressure equalization is possible because pressure compensation valves are often designed to be permeable to air and water impermeable. As a result, it is often necessary to use a loudspeaker with increased robustness in the sound generator.
  • the sound generator should be inexpensive to manufacture and robust in installation and operation.
  • Embodiments of a sound generator for influencing noises of a vehicle have a housing, a loudspeaker and at least one pressure compensation valve.
  • the term "loudspeaker” is understood to mean that part of the sound generator which transmits electrical signals into mechanical vibrations (sound). Together with the housing encloses the speaker a volume. This volume, also referred to as back volume, is thus delimited by the housing (and in particular an inner wall of the housing) and the loudspeaker.
  • the speaker is in particular gas-tightly connected to the housing.
  • the speaker can be arranged wholly or partly inside the housing or immediately adjacent to the housing.
  • the pressure balance valve provides fluid communication between the volume enclosed by the speaker and the housing and an exterior of the housing.
  • the pressure compensation valve is arranged so that it passes through a plane in which the speaker is arranged.
  • the plane in which the loudspeaker is arranged may, for example, be defined by a loudspeaker diaphragm or a loudspeaker basket, and may be aligned, for example, orthogonally to a main radiation direction of the sound emitted by the loudspeaker.
  • the plane in which the speaker is arranged for example, by appropriate fastening means, which are formed on the housing, be set.
  • the plane in which the speaker is disposed may be any plane orthogonal to a main radiation direction of the sound emitted from the speaker and between the voice coil and a voice coil is arranged from the voice coil maximum remote portion of the speaker diaphragm.
  • this may be the section of the membrane with which the membrane is fastened to the loudspeaker basket.
  • the pressure compensating valve passes through the plane in which the loudspeaker is arranged, a pressure difference existing between both sides of the loudspeaker is compensated. As a result, a particularly accurate pressure compensation can take place via the pressure compensation valve. Further, an emptying of the volume enclosed by the speaker and the housing volume is avoided by the speaker when it comes outside the volume enclosed by the speaker and the housing volume but before the speaker to a pressure increase.
  • the housing is one or more pieces of a dimensionally stable solid material such as sheet metal and in particular stainless steel or plastic and in particular acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polyamides (PA), polylactate (PLA), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • PA polyamides
  • PLA polylactate
  • PMMA polymethylmethacrylate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PE polyethylene
  • PE polypropylene
  • PS polystyrene
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • the housing has fastening eyelets or fastening anchors, which allow attachment of the housing to a vehicle and in particular to an underbody of the vehicle.
  • the housing is designed to be coupled in particular via an additional horn to an exhaust system of a combustion engine driven vehicle and thus brought into fluid communication with exhaust gas guided in the exhaust system.
  • the at least one pressure compensation valve has a valve body and a valve head, and is therefore designed in several parts.
  • the valve body has a first end, in which a first opening is formed, which opens to the outside of the housing.
  • the valve body has a second end, on which a second opening is formed. The first and second ends may be opposite each other.
  • the valve head is grasped at the second end of the valve body by the second opening and thus closes the second opening.
  • the valve head is located inside the volume enclosed by the speaker and the housing.
  • the valve head has a passage for air, which in the enclosed by the speaker and the housing Volume opens.
  • the valve body thus serves to supply air to the valve head from outside the housing and to output the supplied air via the valve head to the volume enclosed by the speaker and the housing or via the valve head from the air enclosed by the speaker and the housing volume output outside the housing.
  • the valve body is not (or at least not primarily) used to transmit airborne sound outside the housing, as is the case for example with a bass reflex channel.
  • the ability of the valve head to allow air to pass through is insufficient and the valve head too sluggish.
  • the valve head may be arranged, for example, at the point which is located at the highest point when mounted on a vehicle sound generator with a horizontal position of the vehicle.
  • the valve body provides the pressure equalizing valve with a certain volume of air which can be used when dipping the sound generator in water for pressure equalization.
  • the valve body also serves as an air reservoir.
  • this air reservoir provided by the valve body is distinguishable from an internal volume of a connecting line which connects the valve body to an exterior of the housing; however, this does not prevent the air reservoir provided by the valve body from cooperating with the internal volume of the connecting line for the valve body.
  • this air reservoir provided by the valve body and / or the internal volume of the connecting line for the valve body is arranged completely or partially within the valve body.
  • the valve body is made of a dimensionally stable solid material such as metal sheet and in particular stainless steel sheet or plastic and in particular acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polyamides (PA), polylactate (PLA), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) formed.
  • the valve body may be formed of a flexible material such as elastomer.
  • the valve body may be formed in one or more parts;
  • the valve body may be composed of a first body formed of a solid material (such as a barrel) and a second body of flexible material (such as a hose), the interior volumes of both bodies being in fluid communication with each other.
  • a connecting pipe connecting the valve body to an exterior of the housing may be part of the valve body.
  • the at least one pressure compensation valve is arranged in the housing and the valve body is dimensioned such that the valve head is arranged at a distance from the plane in which the loudspeaker is arranged, and at a maximum distance from the plane in which the loudspeaker is arranged. Since the loudspeaker is usually oriented downwards in the case of a sound generator mounted on a vehicle, this arrangement of the valve body means that pressure equalization is possible even with sound generators that are completely submerged in water. In this case, the feature "maximally spaced" designates an arrangement in which the valve head is as far as possible from the plane in which the loudspeaker is arranged, but sufficient functionality of the valve head is still ensured.
  • the feature "maximally spaced” is intended to be met when the valve head is spaced from this plane by at least 2/3 of a distance of an inner wall of the housing from the plane in which the speaker is located, the distance perpendicular to it Level is measured.
  • the loudspeaker is arranged between the valve head and the first end of the valve body. Accordingly, the valve body is suitably shaped and dimensioned to allow this arrangement of the valve head.
  • the valve body has, between the first opening and the second opening, a section in which a diameter of the valve body is increased in relation to a diameter of the first and / or second opening.
  • the expansion of the valve body thus formed constitutes an air reservoir, which can be used for pressure equalization.
  • this is formed by the widening of the valve body Air reservoir of an inner volume of a connecting line for the valve body distinguishable; this does not exclude that the air reservoir formed by the widening of the valve body cooperates with an internal volume of a connecting line for the valve body.
  • this air reservoir formed by the widening of the valve body is arranged wholly or partly within the valve body.
  • an inner diameter of the valve body is compared with an inner diameter of the first and / or second opening.
  • the volume enclosed by the valve body between the first opening and the second opening is between 1% and 20% or between 4% and 15% of the volume enclosed by the speaker and the housing.
  • the valve head has in its interior a membrane which is permeable to air and water impermeable, and which closes the passage opening of the valve head.
  • a membrane which is permeable to air and water impermeable, and which closes the passage opening of the valve head.
  • membranes are known in the art;
  • this membrane may be formed of acrylic copolymer.
  • the passage opening of the valve head forms a throttle, which at a constant pressure difference of 300 Pa flow greater than 2 liters of air / hour and less than 10 liters of air / hour or greater than 3 liters of air / hour and less than 9 liters of air / hour or greater than 4 liters of air / hour and less than 8 liters of air / hour allowed.
  • the constant pressure difference of 300 Pa is used only to determine the flow rate of the throttle. During operation of the sound generator, this pressure difference is not constant.
  • the loudspeaker itself is gas-tight.
  • the loudspeaker comprises a loudspeaker basket, a membrane airtightly supported by the loudspeaker basket, a permanent magnet supported by the loudspeaker basket and one of a loudspeaker basket Voice coil carrier carried voice coil on.
  • the voice coil is arranged in a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet and connected to the membrane.
  • the loudspeaker may be a voice coil loudspeaker.
  • the speaker basket is airtight connected to the housing.
  • the speaker basket can be penetrated by the valve body.
  • the valve body may be airtightly connected to the loudspeaker basket and the first opening of the valve body aligned with an opening formed in the loudspeaker basket opening.
  • the first opening of the valve body can be arranged in the same plane in which the diaphragm or the loudspeaker basket of the loudspeaker is arranged.
  • the diaphragm may be funnel-shaped or hemispherical, or have a non-developable (NIWI) shape.
  • the membrane may be connected via an air-tight bead with the speaker basket.
  • Non-developable funnel-shaped or spherical cap-shaped membranes are particularly stiff and thus allow a full-surface and uniform movement of the membrane.
  • a cone-shaped membrane is possible.
  • the membrane is airtight and connected via an airtight bead with the loudspeaker frame. This makes it possible to adjust the vibration behavior of the membrane by appropriate choice of material and dimensioning of the bead. Further, bead and membrane are made according to an embodiment of different materials.
  • the loudspeaker basket carries a centering device and in particular a centering spider, which is connected to the voice coil carrier or in the region of the voice coil carrier with the membrane. It is emphasized that the provision of a centering device can be dispensed with if a largely smooth guidance of the voice coil in the permanent magnet takes place.
  • the membrane is made of metal and in particular of aluminum or titanium or of plastic and in particular of aromatic polyamides.
  • the loudspeaker is connected in an airtight manner to a sound horn arranged in the interior of the housing.
  • a sound horn arranged in the interior of the housing.
  • the space enclosed by the speaker and the housing volume inside the housing is also limited by the horn.
  • the first opening of the valve body can be aligned with an opening formed in the bell mouth.
  • the horn may be adapted to be brought into fluid communication with an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine powered vehicle.
  • the valve body is integrally formed with the speaker basket or the housing or permanently attached to the speaker basket or the housing. In this way, a portion of the speaker basket or the housing may also form a wall of the valve body.
  • the volume enclosed by the loudspeaker and the housing is enclosed airtight except for the pressure compensation valve.
  • the housing of the sound generator is in one piece.
  • the housing of the sound generator is composed of an upper shell and a lower shell which is airtightly connected to the upper shell.
  • the upper shell and / or lower shell have at least one airtight passage for a connected to the speaker control line.
  • the at least one pressure compensation valve is completely received by the housing of the sound generator.
  • Embodiments of a system for influencing sound waves conducted in exhaust systems of vehicles powered by internal combustion engines include a controller which is connectable via a control line to an engine control of the vehicle or integrated in the engine control of the vehicle and at least one sound generator as described above. Then, the speaker of the at least one sound generator is connected via a control line to the controller. Further, the controller is configured to generate and transmit a control signal in response to signals received from the engine controller to output the control line to the loudspeaker. In this case, the control signal is suitable for partially or completely extinguishing sound waves guided in an exhaust system of the vehicle when the loudspeaker is operated with this control signal.
  • Embodiments of a motor vehicle include an internal combustion engine with an engine controller, an exhaust system in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine, and the system described above.
  • the at least one sound generator of the system is in fluid communication with the exhaust system.
  • the control of the system is connected to the engine control of the internal combustion engine of the vehicle.
  • the sound generator 100 shown has a housing 110, which is formed from a lower shell 113 and an upper shell 112 which is airtightly connected to the lower shell 113. Both lower shell 113 and upper shell 112 are made of stainless steel sheet.
  • the lower shell 113 of the housing 110 has a housing opening 111, and receives a bell mouth 140, which is also formed from stainless steel sheet.
  • a bell mouth 140 In the area of the housing opening 111, an outer side of the sound funnel 140 is airtightly connected to the lower shell 113 of the housing 110.
  • An opening of the bell mouth 140 is aligned with the housing opening 111 of the sound generator 100.
  • the bell horn 140 is formed in the embodiment shown to be connected to an exhaust system, as in Figure 1A is shown with reference to a sound generator of the prior art.
  • the bell mouth 140 is hermetically connected to a loudspeaker frame 123 formed of sheet steel 123 of a voice coil loudspeaker 120 received by the housing 110.
  • the speaker basket 123 is airtight connected to the housing 110 via the horn 140.
  • the voice coil speaker 120 includes a neodymium-iron-boron alloy permanent magnet 121 and a non-developable plastic funnel-shaped diaphragm 122, which are commonly supported by the speaker basket 123.
  • the funnel-shaped membrane 122 is at its base radially outward on an elastic bead 126 (see FIG. 3A ) made of plastic airtight connected to the speaker basket 123.
  • the top surface of the funnel-shaped membrane 122 is centrally hermetically sealed by a plastic cap.
  • a voice coil bobbin 125 In the region of the cap on the diaphragm 122 is a voice coil bobbin 125 (see FIG. 3A ) which carries a voice coil (not shown).
  • the voice coil is disposed in a DC magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 121.
  • the permanent magnet 121 corresponding recesses.
  • a force is exerted on the diaphragm 122 via the voice coil due to the Lorentz force, causing it to vibrate.
  • the voice coil is over (only in Figure 1A Powered control cables supplied via an air-tight cable gland (only in Figure 1A shown) on the upper shell 112 of the housing 110 are inserted into the interior of the sound generator 100.
  • the voice coil loudspeaker 120 and the bell mouth 140 separate a volume 114, which is in fluid communication with an exhaust system via the bell mouth 140 and the housing opening 111 of the sound generator 100, airtight against one of the upper shell 112 and lower shell 113 of the housing 110 and from an outside of the Sound funnel 140 limited volume 115, which is referred to as back volume, from.
  • the voice coil loudspeaker 120 along with the horn 123 and the housing 110, define a closed back volume 115 which is separated from the atmosphere or exhaust system by the diaphragm 122 of the voice coil speaker 120 and a portion of the loudspeaker frame 123.
  • the housing 110 of the sound generator 100 receives in its interior a pressure compensation valve 130.
  • the pressure compensating valve 130 is formed of a valve body and a valve head 132.
  • the valve body is in the embodiment of FIG. 2A not shown, since it coincides with a housing of the valve head 132.
  • the pressure compensating valve 130 passes through a portion of the loudspeaker frame 123 of the plunger coil speaker 120.
  • the pressure compensating valve 130 passes through the plane in which the diaphragm 122 of the plunger coil speaker 120 is disposed relative to the housing 110.
  • the valve head 132 of the pressure compensation valve 130 has a passage 135 for air, which acts like a throttle.
  • a membrane 136 is arranged, which is permeable to air and water impermeable.
  • the passage opening 135 of the valve head 132 of the pressure compensation valve 130 is dimensioned in the embodiment shown to flow at a constant pressure difference of 300 Pascal between the closed back volume 115 and the volume 114 separated therefrom on the other side of the solenoid coil 120, a flow rate of 7, 0 liters of air / hour allowed.
  • the pressure compensating valve 130 is too sluggish to respond to air pressure fluctuations caused in the interior of the sound generator 100 by swinging the diaphragm 122 of the voice coil speaker 120.
  • the above-mentioned constant pressure difference of 300 Pascal is used only for determining the flow of the pressure compensating valve; In operation, however, the pressure difference varies and is continuously reduced by the pressure compensation valve 130.
  • FIG. 2B a second embodiment of the invention explained. In this case, to avoid repetition, only differences to the above first embodiment will be discussed and otherwise referred to the comments on the second embodiment.
  • the sound generator 100 of the second embodiment differs from the sound generator 100 of the first embodiment in that the pressure compensating valve 130 has a valve body 131 that is distinguishable from the valve head 132.
  • the valve body 131 is formed in the embodiment shown in two pieces of elastomer, and has a piece of tubing and a barrel.
  • the barrel is in fluid communication with the tube piece.
  • the hose piece At its end facing away from the barrel, the hose piece has a first opening 133, which passes through the loudspeaker frame 123 and thus opens into the volume 114.
  • a second opening 134 is formed at the end remote from the hose piece of the barrel, in which the valve head 132 is taken and which is thus closed by the valve head 132.
  • the passage opening 135 in the valve head 132 opens into the closed back volume 115. Between the first opening 133 and the second opening 134th Thus, the valve body 131 has a portion 137 formed by the barrel (see FIG FIG.
  • valve body 131 in which a diameter of the valve body 131 is increased from a diameter of the first opening 133.
  • the valve body 131 provides in its interior a volume which in the embodiment shown is 5% of the return volume 115 and helps to equalize pressure differences on both sides of the diaphragm 122 of the plunger coil loudspeaker 120 even when the sound generator 100 submerges under water.
  • valve body 131 is configured so that the valve head 132 carried by the valve body 131 is maximally spaced from the plane in which the speaker 120 is disposed on the housing 110, and is opposite to this plane. As can be seen, the valve head 132 is arranged in the rear volume 115.
  • the sound generator 100 according to the third embodiment differs from the sound generator of the second embodiment in that the first opening 133 of the hose portion of the valve body 131 does not open into the exhaust system but penetrates the lower shell 113 of the housing 110 and opens outwardly of the housing 110.
  • the valve body 131 allows pressure equalization between the back volume 115 and the atmosphere.
  • the sound generator 100 of the fourth embodiment differs from the sound generator 100 of the second embodiment in that the second opening 134 of the valve body 131 has a diameter larger than the diameter Diameter of the first opening 133 of the valve body 131 is, but smaller than the diameter of the valve body 131 in the enlarged diameter / cross-section portion 137 between the first opening 133 and the second opening 134 is.
  • the sound generator 100 no inside the housing 110 arranged horn on, and the housing 110 is not formed in two parts of an upper shell and a lower shell. Rather, the housing 110 is cup-shaped made of polyvinyl chloride and is closed by the loudspeaker frame 123 of the housing 110 carried by the immersion coil speaker 120. As a result, the back volume 115 enclosed by the speaker 120 and the housing 110 is separated by the voice coil loudspeaker 120 from the air 114 'on the other side of the voice coil loudspeaker 120. Thus, the back volume 115 is also here only via the pressure compensation valve 130 with the air 114 'on the other side of the Tauchspulenlaut Kunststoffers 120 in conjunction.
  • FIG. 3A shows a first operating state in which the sound generator 100 is surrounded only by air 114 '.
  • a pressure equalization between the back volume 115 and the air 114 'on the other side of the Tauchspulenlaut Maschineners 120 is easily possible via the pressure compensation valve 130.
  • FIG. 3B shows a second operating state in which the in FIG. 3A Sound generator 100 shown partially submerged in water (shown in the figure as wavy lines). In this case, a bubble of compressed air 114 'forms in front of the membrane 122 of the voice coil loudspeaker 120.
  • FIG. 3C shows a third operating state in which the in FIG. 3A shown sound generator 100 is completely submerged in water (shown in the figure as wavy lines).
  • the water which has penetrated into the valve body via the first opening 133 of the valve body 131 has pressed the air normally absorbed by the valve body 131 almost completely into the back volume 115 of the housing 110 via the valve head 132 and thus at least some pressure equalization between the back volume 115 and the other side of the voice coil loudspeaker 120.
  • Figure 3D shows a fourth operating state in which the in FIG. 3A shown sound generator 100 tilted in water (shown in the figure as wavy lines) is immersed. It shows Figure 3D a view on the in FIG. 3A As can be seen, the first opening 133 of the valve body 131 is arranged to lie in the tilt axis about which the sound generator 100 is tilted.
  • FIG. 4 1 schematically shows a system 7 for influencing sound waves conducted in exhaust systems of internal combustion engine-powered vehicles, which uses the sound generator 100 described above.
  • the sound generator 100 is connected in the region of an orifice 5 via a Y-piece 1 to an exhaust system 4 of a vehicle. Via the orifice 5, exhaust gas guided in the exhaust system 4 is emitted to the outside together with sound generated in the sound generator 100.
  • an error microphone 8 is provided in the form of a pressure sensor.
  • the error microphone 8 measures pressure fluctuations and thus sound inside the Y-piece 1 in a section downstream of a region in which the fluid connection between the exhaust system 4 and the sound generator 100 takes place. It is emphasized, however, that the error microphone 8 is only optional.
  • the voice coil loudspeaker 120 of the sound generator 100 and the error microphone 8 are electrically connected to a controller 2.
  • the controller 2 is connected via a CAN bus to an engine control unit of an internal combustion engine 6. It is emphasized that the present invention is not limited to a CAN bus.
  • the exhaust system 4 may further comprise at least one arranged between the engine 6 and the Y-piece 1 catalyst (not shown) for cleaning the emitted from the engine 6 and guided in the exhaust system 4 exhaust gas.
  • FIG. 5 is schematically shown a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine 6, an exhaust system 4 and the system 7 described above for influencing guided in exhaust systems of internal combustion engine powered vehicles sound waves.
  • the sound generators and the speakers of the anti-noise system are in FIG. 5 not shown separately.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
EP16195879.8A 2015-11-06 2016-10-26 Générateur acoustique à fixer sur un véhicule pour influencer les bruits provenant du véhicule Active EP3165729B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015119191.1A DE102015119191A1 (de) 2015-11-06 2015-11-06 Schallerzeuger zur Befestigung an einem Fahrzeug zur Beeinflussung von Geräuschen des Fahrzeugs

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EP3165729A1 true EP3165729A1 (fr) 2017-05-10
EP3165729B1 EP3165729B1 (fr) 2017-12-27

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US (1) US9997152B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3165729B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6251353B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN106677857B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015119191A1 (fr)

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US10319357B2 (en) * 2017-01-20 2019-06-11 Wipro Limited System and a method for attenuating sound produced by a vehicle
US10140970B1 (en) * 2017-07-31 2018-11-27 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Engine sound production systems and methods
EP3477630B1 (fr) * 2017-10-26 2020-03-04 Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Suppression du bruit / suppression d'harmonique de moteur pour un système d'échappement d'un véhicule
DE102017219573B4 (de) * 2017-11-03 2021-11-11 Cisma Solutions Aps Auspuffblende mit Schallquelle
US20200355101A1 (en) * 2017-11-21 2020-11-12 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh Sound generating device, vehicle exhaust system and method of manufacturing a sound generating device
US10679603B2 (en) 2018-07-11 2020-06-09 Cnh Industrial America Llc Active noise cancellation in work vehicles

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EP0373188A1 (fr) 1988-02-19 1990-06-20 Noise Cancellation Tech Dispositif de silencieux de gas d'echappement pour moteur a combustion interne.
US5229556A (en) 1990-04-25 1993-07-20 Ford Motor Company Internal ported band pass enclosure for sound cancellation
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EP0755045A2 (fr) 1995-07-20 1997-01-22 NOKIA TECHNOLOGY GmbH Dispositif de suppression d'ondes sonores
EP0916817A2 (fr) 1997-11-18 1999-05-19 LEISTRITZ AG & CO. Abgastechnik Silencieux actif
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DE102015119191A1 (de) 2017-05-11
US20170133003A1 (en) 2017-05-11
CN106677857A (zh) 2017-05-17
CN106677857B (zh) 2019-06-18
JP6251353B2 (ja) 2017-12-20
US9997152B2 (en) 2018-06-12
EP3165729B1 (fr) 2017-12-27
JP2017122432A (ja) 2017-07-13

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