EP3163677B1 - Umbilical antenna structure - Google Patents

Umbilical antenna structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3163677B1
EP3163677B1 EP16196152.9A EP16196152A EP3163677B1 EP 3163677 B1 EP3163677 B1 EP 3163677B1 EP 16196152 A EP16196152 A EP 16196152A EP 3163677 B1 EP3163677 B1 EP 3163677B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coaxial
coaxial cable
break
cable
core
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Application number
EP16196152.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3163677A1 (en
Inventor
Frédéric Ngo Bui Hung
Gilbert Multedo
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Thales SA
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Thales SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1207—Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • H01Q1/46—Electric supply lines or communication lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/20—Two collinear substantially straight active elements; Substantially straight single active elements
    • H01Q9/22—Rigid rod or equivalent tubular element or elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/622—Screw-ring or screw-casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/38—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts
    • H01R24/40—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts specially adapted for high frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2103/00—Two poles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a very high frequency and ultra high frequency or V-UHF radiating system making it possible to supply electrical energy to a flying machine with which it is associated. It relates to an umbilical antenna structure for a flying object, such as a drone.
  • the invention finds its application in high speed VHF-UHF radio systems. It is used in particular in frequency ranges (30-88 MHz), (225-400 MHz).
  • Flying devices such as drones are often equipped with antennas to transmit or receive signals. These machines, in order to function, must also be supplied with energy. This power supply can be carried out by means of a battery fitted to the flying machine but, the latter having a limited autonomy, most of the time the machines are supplied by means of a cable providing energy and connected to a land station.
  • the installation of an antenna at the level of the flying machine or of the captive machine can lead to an oversizing of the machine, and / or flight instability.
  • the antenna is installed under the captive machine, it is then necessary to take into account the footprint.
  • the patent FR 2 278 571 describes an example of a captive device equipped with an antenna.
  • the figure 1 represents a flying machine A connected to a mobile earth station B.
  • the flying machine comprises a payload C, such as a camera, radio equipment, an antenna, support blades D, D ', an attachment cable E known by the Anglo-Saxon term “tether” which makes it possible to connect the payload C to the earth station and is not used to supply electrical energy to the flying machine.
  • the station includes a T winch for rolling up and unwinding the cable, a P platform for launching and landing the flying machine.
  • the radiating element is separate from the power cord.
  • a dipole antenna which comprises two portions, each portion is formed by a length of coaxial cable, the outer braid of which forms part of a radiating part of the antenna.
  • the two portions have an electrical wavelength of about a quarter and are shorted at their outer ends. The two portions are connected in parallel with each other
  • the document DE3514709 discloses an omnidirectional antenna composed of a plurality of straight coaxial line sections which are arranged one above the other and are connected to each other such that the coaxial line sections are no longer all arranged along an axis and connected to each other in coaxial technique, but offset laterally and alternately with respect to each other.
  • the expression “flying device”, “captive device”, “carrier” is used interchangeably to denote the same object connected to a station by a cable.
  • the structure according to the invention has two features in particular, it provides a radiating element functionality and a power supply function necessary for the operation of a flying machine.
  • the value of H1 is chosen equal to a quarter of the wavelength in air ⁇ / 4
  • H3 is the distance between the recess (36) and the cutoff (30)
  • the value of H3 is equal to a quarter of the wavelength ⁇ g / 4 in the dielectric constituting the coaxial cable
  • the value H2 is equal to H1.
  • the current insulator device is, for example, made of ferrite beads.
  • the wearer is equipped with an axial connector mounted on an insulating frame suitable for a coaxial connector fitted to the upper end of the coaxial cable of the antenna structure.
  • the station may include a winch for winding the coaxial cable and a rotating joint integral with the winch suitable for providing an electrical link and a radio link during the winding of the cable.
  • the core of the coaxial cable at the level of the lower face of the cut is connected to the braid of the coaxial at the level of the upper face of the cut by means of a device comprising an impedance transformer and the core is galvanically isolated from the underside by a capacitor.
  • the braid of the coaxial at the level of the lower face of the cut is connected through a choke to the core of the coaxial at the level of the upper face of the cut.
  • the current insulator device is, for example, made up of a coil of the coaxial cable around a flexible core.
  • the station may include a coupler with the antenna structure, the coupler is characterized in that it consists of a high pass filter in series with a first input of the coupler and a pass filter bottom in series with a second input of the coupler, one output connected to the end of the cable.
  • the high pass filter is, for example, made up of a T network composed of two capacitors and an inductor, and the low pass filter is a T network composed of two inductors and a capacitor.
  • the antenna element is suitable for working at very high frequency VHF or ultra high frequency UHF.
  • the invention also relates to a device in which the carrier is a captive flying machine located at a given altitude with respect to a land station.
  • the figure 2 represents an example of deployment of an antenna system of a device according to the invention.
  • a mobile land station 1 is linked by means of an antenna system 60 according to the invention to a captive vehicle 2.
  • the land station comprises a parking platform 7 and a winch 9 on which is fixed a first end 6A of the antenna system.
  • a second end 6B of the antenna system is fixed to the captive machine by appropriate means 8.
  • the antenna structure 60 detailed in figure 3 comprises a first part 4 which makes it possible in particular to supply the captive vehicle with energy and a second part 3 corresponding to a radiating element comparable to an antenna in its functionality.
  • the antenna structure 60 serves as an RF power cable, it brings the radiofrequency power from a transmitter / receiver station 11 located on the earth station 1 to the radiating element arranged in height relative to at the land station. It also brings the electric power from an energy source 12 located on the mobile earth station 1.
  • the energy source 12 can be direct current DC or alternating current AC.
  • the captive vehicle 2 comprises, for example, one or more lift motors 21, a decoupling device 23, a two-wire cable 24 for the power supply.
  • the antenna system of the device comprises in particular a coaxial attachment cable comprising a cutout 30, a grounding capacitor 33 and a device 34 acting as a current insulator for the radiating element 3, 1.
  • the insulator being disposed between the first part 4 and the second part 3.
  • the single tether cable 6 supplies the captive device 2 with electrical energy and carries the RF power over only two conductor wires.
  • the capacitor 33 acts as a short-circuit for the RF signals whose frequencies are equal to the working frequencies of the antenna.
  • the figure 3 details the various elements and modules constituting the antenna structure of the device according to the invention.
  • the captive machine 2 for example a micro drone of the hexacopter type, has for its support one or more electric motors 21 supplied from an electrical link by wire cable 24 radio-electrically isolated by a known decoupling device 23 of the man of the loom, for example a coil 22 around a magnetic core not explained to simplify the description.
  • the land station 1 comprises for example a transmitter / receiver radio station 11 preferably operating in the VHF or UHF frequency bands (30 MHz to 3GHz) and a source of direct current or alternating current electric power 12.
  • the output 11s of the the transmitter / receiver 11 is connected to a first input 13 2 of the coupler 13.
  • the coupler 13 consists of a high pass filter shown schematically by a capacitor 14 arranged in series with the RF input 13 2 and a low pass filter represented by a choke 15 in series with a second input 13 3 of the coupler 13.
  • the coaxial cable 6 playing the role of tying cable comprises an electrically conductive wire braid 63 forming a sheath, a conductive core 65 and a dielectric material 64 filling the space between the sheath 63 and the core 65, a first end lower 61 of the coaxial cable 6 is connected to the coupler 13 by connecting a first end 61 1 of the core 65 to the outlet 13 1 of the coupler 13 and a second end 61 2 of the sheath 63 to the ground M of the system.
  • the second end 62 or upper end of the cable is connected to a decoupling device 23 located at the level of the captive device 2.
  • the cable can be wound up on a winch (9 figure 2 ).
  • the antenna structure of the device according to the invention is composed of the coaxial cable 6 in which a cut 30 will be made which will make it possible to obtain a polarity inversion and the part playing the role of radiating element will be isolated.
  • the part of the cable playing the role of radiating element bears the reference 3. It is obtained by making a cut 30 in the coaxial cable 6.
  • the cut 30 is for example protected and mechanically maintained by a sleeve 39.
  • the section is delimited. 3 forming the radiating element by a current insulator device 34 known to those skilled in the art.
  • the section 3 forming the radiating element consists of a first lower element 3i located between the cut-off 30 and the current insulating element 34, a second upper element 3s located between the top of the cut-off 30 and the upper end 62 of the coaxial cable 6.
  • the upper part 3s has a length H1 and the lower part 3i a length H2.
  • the value of H2 is preferably equal to the value H1.
  • the core 65 of the coaxial cable 6 at the level of the lower face 32 of the cut 30 is connected to the braid 63 of the coaxial cable at the level of the upper face 31 of the cut corresponding to the lower face of the element 3s and the core 65 of the coaxial cable of the upper face 31 of the cut 30 is connected to the braid 63 of the coaxial of the lower face 32 of the cut 30.
  • the cut 30 serves to invert the conductors, the bottom core 65 connects at a point 65 2 at a point 63 1 of the top braid 63 and conversely the top core connects at a point 65 1 at point 63 2 of the bottom braid.
  • H1 is preferably chosen equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the central working frequency, ⁇ / 4 with ⁇ the wavelength in air.
  • the beads are preferably not available. contiguous to keep the cable flexible at this location, in order to isolate the radiating section from the rest of the cable.
  • a recess 36 is made in the cable 6 to position a capacitor 33, the value of which is chosen to achieve a short-circuit of the cables.
  • RF signals at this location.
  • the distance H3 is preferably equal to a quarter of the wavelength in the dielectric, ⁇ g / 4.
  • the figure 4 represents an alternative embodiment for making the connection of the antenna structure of the device according to the invention at the level of the flying machine.
  • the upper end 62 of the coaxial cable 6 is equipped with a standard coaxial connector 71 known to those skilled in the art, for example an N type connector shown in the figure, in order to ensure a mechanical link and an electrical connection with the flying machine 2.
  • a standard coaxial connector 71 known to those skilled in the art, for example an N type connector shown in the figure, in order to ensure a mechanical link and an electrical connection with the flying machine 2.
  • the flying machine 2 has a complementary coaxial connector 72 mounted on an insulating frame 73 thereof and connected directly to the decoupling device 23.
  • the figure 5 shows another variant for the connection of the coaxial cable at the level of the earth station 1.
  • the end 61 is connected to a coaxial rotating joint 75 integral with a winch 74 rotating around an axis 77 and allowing the radio and electrical link during the winding of the cable 6.
  • This solution is easy and inexpensive.
  • connection 31 is made through an impedance transformer 41 known to those skilled in the art and galvanically isolated from 32, for example by means of a capacitor 42 of which a first terminal 42 1 is connected to a terminal 41 1 of the impedance transformer and a second terminal 42 2 is connected to the braid 63 of the part 3i of the radiating element.
  • the second terminal 41 2 of the impedance transformer 41 is connected to the braid 63 of the upper part 3s of the radiating element.
  • the impedance transformer 41 is connected with the core 65 of the second section 4 and at a midpoint 41 3 .
  • the figure 7 is an alternative embodiment of the figure 6 where the braid of the coaxial at the level of the lower face 32 of the cut 30 is connected through a choke 43 to the core of the coaxial at the level of the upper face 31 of the cut.
  • the figure 8 shows a variant for making the current insulator 34.
  • the ferrite beads 34 are replaced by a coil 35 of the coaxial cable 6 around a flexible core 37.
  • the flexible core is for example made of dielectric material or of magnetic material.
  • the figure 9 represents a variant for the realization of the coupler so as to maintain a good impedance match presented to the transmitter / receiver.
  • the high pass filter uses a T network made up of two capacitors 14 1 , 14 2 and an inductor 14 3
  • the low pass filter made up of two inductors 15 1 , 15 2 and a capacitor 15 3 also uses a T-network.
  • the antenna structure of the device according to the invention makes it possible in particular to increase the radio range by raising the radiating element or antenna of the radio communication system in height, in particular for the VHF or UHF (30-88 MHz) and (225 MHz) frequency band. -400 MHz). It allows RF power from the V-UHF band to be radiated through the electrical power supply cord of a captive flying object.
  • the structure has a low mass, hence the possibility of being lifted by a micro flying machine, such as a hexacopter.
  • the coaxial cable being a flexible cable, it can easily be wound up on a winch while remaining connected by the use of a suitable joint.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne un système rayonnant très haute fréquence et ultra haute fréquence ou V-UHF permettant d'assurer l'alimentation en énergie électrique d'un engin volant auquel il est associé. Elle concerne une structure antennaire ombilicale pour engin volant, tel qu'un drone. L'invention trouve son application dans des systèmes de radio VHF-UHF à haut débit. Elle est notamment utilisée dans des gammes de fréquence (30-88 MHz), (225-400 MHz).The invention relates to a very high frequency and ultra high frequency or V-UHF radiating system making it possible to supply electrical energy to a flying machine with which it is associated. It relates to an umbilical antenna structure for a flying object, such as a drone. The invention finds its application in high speed VHF-UHF radio systems. It is used in particular in frequency ranges (30-88 MHz), (225-400 MHz).

Les engins volants tels que les drones sont souvent équipés d'antennes permettant d'émettre ou de recevoir des signaux. Ces engins pour fonctionner doivent aussi être alimentés en énergie. Cette alimentation peut être effectuée grâce à une batterie équipant l'engin volant mais, cette dernière ayant une autonomie limitée, la plupart du temps les engins sont alimentés grâce à un câble apportant l'énergie et relié à une station terrestre.Flying devices such as drones are often equipped with antennas to transmit or receive signals. These machines, in order to function, must also be supplied with energy. This power supply can be carried out by means of a battery fitted to the flying machine but, the latter having a limited autonomy, most of the time the machines are supplied by means of a cable providing energy and connected to a land station.

D'autre part, l'installation d'une antenne au niveau de l'engin volant ou de l'engin captif peut entraîner un surdimensionnement de l'engin, et/ou une instabilité de vol. Lorsque l'antenne est installée sous l'engin captif, il est alors nécessaire de prendre en compte l'encombrement au sol.On the other hand, the installation of an antenna at the level of the flying machine or of the captive machine can lead to an oversizing of the machine, and / or flight instability. When the antenna is installed under the captive machine, it is then necessary to take into account the footprint.

Le brevet FR 2 278 571 décrit un exemple d'engin captif équipé d'une antenne. La figure 1 représente un engin volant A relié à une station terrestre mobile B. L'engin volant comprend une charge utile C, telle qu'une caméra, un équipement radio, une antenne, des pâles de sustentation D, D', un câble d'attache E connu sous le terme anglo-saxon « tether » qui permet de relier la charge utile C à la station terrestre et ne sert pas à amener de l'énergie électrique à l'engin volant. La station comporte un treuil T permettant d'enrouler et de dérouler le câble, une plateforme P de lancement et d'atterrissage de l'engin volant. Dans cet exemple, l'élément rayonnant est disjoint du cordon d'alimentation.The patent FR 2 278 571 describes an example of a captive device equipped with an antenna. The figure 1 represents a flying machine A connected to a mobile earth station B. The flying machine comprises a payload C, such as a camera, radio equipment, an antenna, support blades D, D ', an attachment cable E known by the Anglo-Saxon term “tether” which makes it possible to connect the payload C to the earth station and is not used to supply electrical energy to the flying machine. The station includes a T winch for rolling up and unwinding the cable, a P platform for launching and landing the flying machine. In this example, the radiating element is separate from the power cord.

Un autre exemple est donné dans la demande de brevet US 2002/0167702 qui présente une liaison physique dédiée indépendante des liaisons nécessaires à la charge utile. Le téther comporte des fils amenant de l'énergie électrique.Another example is given in the patent application US 2002/0167702 which has a dedicated physical link independent of connections necessary for the payload. The tether has wires carrying electrical energy.

La demande de brevet US 2003/0222811 décrit un système antennaire relié par un câble ou tether.The patent application US 2003/0222811 describes an antenna system connected by a cable or tether.

Le document US 2005/0040991 divulgue un système antennaire coaxial qui possèdes des impédances de terminaison complexes qui se combinent avec des impédances caractéristiques des structures coaxiales pour donner des fonctions de rayonnement efficaces et correspondant à l'énergie radioélectrique sur une largeur de bande contrôlée.The document US 2005/0040991 discloses a coaxial antenna system which has complex termination impedances which combine with characteristic impedances of coaxial structures to provide efficient radiation functions and corresponding to radio energy over a controlled bandwidth.

L'enseignement technique du document US4479130 divulgue une antenne dipôle qui comprend deux portions, chaque portion est formée par une longueur de câble coaxial dont la tresse extérieure fait partie d'une partie rayonnante de l'antenne. Les deux portions ont une longueur d'onde électrique d'environ un quart et sont court-circuitées à leurs extrémités externes. Les deux portions sont connectées en parallèle l'une de l'autreTechnical teaching of the document US4479130 discloses a dipole antenna which comprises two portions, each portion is formed by a length of coaxial cable, the outer braid of which forms part of a radiating part of the antenna. The two portions have an electrical wavelength of about a quarter and are shorted at their outer ends. The two portions are connected in parallel with each other

Le document DE3514709 divulgue une antenne omnidirectionnelle composée d'une pluralité de sections de ligne coaxiale droite qui sont disposées les unes au-dessus des autres et sont connectées les unes aux autres de telle sorte que les sections de ligne coaxiale ne sont plus toutes disposées selon un axe et reliées les unes aux autres en technique coaxiale, mais décalées latéralement et alternativement les unes par rapport aux autres.The document DE3514709 discloses an omnidirectional antenna composed of a plurality of straight coaxial line sections which are arranged one above the other and are connected to each other such that the coaxial line sections are no longer all arranged along an axis and connected to each other in coaxial technique, but offset laterally and alternately with respect to each other.

Les systèmes de l'art antérieur présentent donc notamment les inconvénients suivants :

  • Une autonomie limitée si l'énergie pour assurer le maintien en vol de l'engin est embarquée à bord, par exemple l'énergie fournie par une batterie, un stockage inertiel,
  • Un surdimensionnement de l'engin prenant en compte la masse de l'antenne et la masse du câble d'alimentation.
The systems of the prior art therefore have the following drawbacks in particular:
  • Limited autonomy if the energy to maintain the craft in flight is on board, for example the energy supplied by a battery, inertial storage,
  • Oversizing of the machine taking into account the weight of the antenna and the weight of the power cable.

Il existe à l'heure actuelle un besoin de disposer d'une structure permettant d'assurer à la fois la fonction d'élément rayonnant et aussi l'alimentation en énergie de l'engin volant.At the present time, there is a need for a structure making it possible to ensure both the function of a radiating element and also the supply of energy to the flying machine.

Dans la suite de la description, on utilise indifféremment l'expression «engin volant», «engin captif», «porteur» pour désigner un même objet relié à une station par un câble.In the remainder of the description, the expression “flying device”, “captive device”, “carrier” is used interchangeably to denote the same object connected to a station by a cable.

La structure selon l'invention présente notamment deux fonctionnalités, elle assure une fonctionnalité d'élément rayonnant et une fonction d'alimentation en énergie nécessaire au fonctionnement d'un engin volant.The structure according to the invention has two features in particular, it provides a radiating element functionality and a power supply function necessary for the operation of a flying machine.

L'invention concerne un dispositif caractérisé en qu'il comporte une structure antennaire, un câble coaxial, un porteur et une station, la structure antennaire étant reliée à la station par le câble coaxial jouant un rôle d'attache et d'alimentation en énergie, ledit câble coaxial comprenant une âme et une tresse, une première extrémité reliée à la station comprenant un émetteur/récepteur, une source d'alimentation et une deuxième extrémité du câble coaxial est reliée au porteur, la structure antennaire est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte en combinaison au moins les éléments suivants:

  • Sur au moins un premier tronçon de câble, le câble coaxial comprend une coupure délimitant une première partie supérieure de câble de longueur H1 et une deuxième partie inférieure de câble de longueur H2, les deux parties formant un élément rayonnant isolé d'un deuxième tronçon de câble au moyen d'un dispositif isolateur de courant, la coupure comprenant une face inférieure et une face supérieure,
  • Au niveau de la coupure, l'âme du câble coaxial de la face inférieure de la coupure est reliée à la tresse du coaxial de la face supérieure de la coupure et l'âme du câble coaxial de la face supérieure de la coupure est reliée à la tresse du coaxial de la face inférieure de la coupure,
  • La première partie supérieure de câble comporte un évidement ou cavité dans le câble coaxial, dans lequel est inséré un dispositif jouant un rôle de court-circuit pour les signaux RF dont les fréquences sont égales aux fréquences de travail de l'élément antennaire.
The invention relates to a device characterized in that it comprises an antenna structure, a coaxial cable, a carrier and a station, the antenna structure being connected to the station by the coaxial cable playing a role of attachment and power supply. , said coaxial cable comprising a core and a braid, a first end connected to the station comprising a transmitter / receiver, a power source and a second end of the coaxial cable is connected to the carrier, the antenna structure is characterized in that it comprises at least the following elements in combination:
  • On at least a first section of cable, the coaxial cable comprises a cut delimiting a first upper part of cable of length H1 and a second lower part of cable of length H2, the two parts forming a radiating element isolated from a second section of cable by means of a current isolating device, the cut comprising a lower face and an upper face,
  • At the cutoff, the core of the coaxial cable from the lower face of the cutout is connected to the braid of the coaxial cable from the upper face of the cutout and the core of the coaxial cable from the upper face of the cutout is connected to the braid of the coaxial of the lower face of the cut,
  • The first upper part of the cable has a recess or cavity in the coaxial cable, into which is inserted a device acting as a short-circuit for the RF signals whose frequencies are equal to the working frequencies of the antenna element.

Pour la valeur de fréquence centrale de travail de l'élément rayonnant, la valeur de H1 est choisie égale au quart de la longueur d'onde dans l'air λ/4, H3 est la distance entre l'évidement (36) et la coupure (30), la valeur de H3 est égale au quart de la longueur d'onde Àg/4 dans le diélectrique constituant le câble coaxial, la valeur H2 est égale à H1.For the central working frequency value of the radiating element, the value of H1 is chosen equal to a quarter of the wavelength in air λ / 4, H3 is the distance between the recess (36) and the cutoff (30), the value of H3 is equal to a quarter of the wavelength λg / 4 in the dielectric constituting the coaxial cable, the value H2 is equal to H1.

Le dispositif isolateur de courant est, par exemple, constitué de perles de ferrites.The current insulator device is, for example, made of ferrite beads.

Selon une variante de réalisation, le porteur est équipé d'un connecteur axial monté sur un châssis isolant adapté à un connecteur coaxial équipant l'extrémité supérieure du câble coaxial de la structure antennaire.According to an alternative embodiment, the wearer is equipped with an axial connector mounted on an insulating frame suitable for a coaxial connector fitted to the upper end of the coaxial cable of the antenna structure.

La station peut comporter un treuil pour enrouler le câble coaxial et un joint tournant solidaire du treuil adapté à assurer une liaison électrique et une liaison radioélectrique pendant l'enroulement du câble.The station may include a winch for winding the coaxial cable and a rotating joint integral with the winch suitable for providing an electrical link and a radio link during the winding of the cable.

Selon une variante de réalisation, l'âme du câble coaxial au niveau de la face inférieure de la coupure est reliée à la tresse du coaxial au niveau de la face supérieure de la coupure au moyen d'un dispositif comprenant un transformateur d'impédance et l'âme est isolée galvaniquement de la face inférieure par une capacité.According to an alternative embodiment, the core of the coaxial cable at the level of the lower face of the cut is connected to the braid of the coaxial at the level of the upper face of the cut by means of a device comprising an impedance transformer and the core is galvanically isolated from the underside by a capacitor.

Selon une autre variante de réalisation, la tresse du coaxial au niveau de la face inférieure de la coupure est reliée à travers une self à l'âme du coaxial au niveau de la face supérieure de la coupure.According to another variant embodiment, the braid of the coaxial at the level of the lower face of the cut is connected through a choke to the core of the coaxial at the level of the upper face of the cut.

Le dispositif isolateur de courant est, par exemple, constitué d'un bobinage du câble coaxial autour d'un noyau souple.The current insulator device is, for example, made up of a coil of the coaxial cable around a flexible core.

La station peut comporter un coupleur avec la structure antennaire, le coupleur est caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué d'un filtre passe haut en série avec une première entrée du coupleur et un filtre passe bas en série avec une deuxième entrée du coupleur, une sortie reliée à l'extrémité du câble.The station may include a coupler with the antenna structure, the coupler is characterized in that it consists of a high pass filter in series with a first input of the coupler and a pass filter bottom in series with a second input of the coupler, one output connected to the end of the cable.

Le filtre passe haut est, par exemple, constitué d'un réseau en T composé de deux capacités et d'une inductance, et le filtre passe bas est un réseau en T composé de deux inductances et d'une capacité.The high pass filter is, for example, made up of a T network composed of two capacitors and an inductor, and the low pass filter is a T network composed of two inductors and a capacitor.

Selon une variante de réalisation, l'élément antennaire est adapté à travailler en très haute fréquence VHF ou ultra haute fréquence UHF.According to an alternative embodiment, the antenna element is suitable for working at very high frequency VHF or ultra high frequency UHF.

L'invention concerne aussi un dispositif dans lequel le porteur est un engin volant captif situé à une altitude donnée par rapport à une station terrestre.The invention also relates to a device in which the carrier is a captive flying machine located at a given altitude with respect to a land station.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront mieux à la lecture de la description qui suit d'exemples de réalisation donnés à titre illustratif et nullement limitatif annexé des figures qui représentent :

  • La figure 1, un exemple de structure antennaire selon l'art antérieur,
  • La figure 2, une représentation du déploiement d'un système antennaire du dispositif selon l'invention,
  • La figure 3, un exemple de réalisation de la structure antennaire et d'alimentation en énergie,
  • La figure 4, une première variante de réalisation de la connexion,
  • La figure 5, un moyen d'enroulement du câble,
  • La figure 6, un exemple de structure permettant d'élargir la bande passante,
  • La figure 7, une variante de réalisation de la structure de la figure 6,
  • La figure 8, une alternative pour réaliser l'isolation entre l'élément rayonnant et le reste du câble coaxial, et
  • La figure 9, une variante pour le coupleur de l'engin volant.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge more clearly on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments given by way of illustration and in no way limiting, appended to the figures which represent:
  • The figure 1 , an example of an antenna structure according to the prior art,
  • The figure 2 , a representation of the deployment of an antenna system of the device according to the invention,
  • The figure 3 , an embodiment of the antenna structure and power supply,
  • The figure 4 , a first alternative embodiment of the connection,
  • The figure 5 , a cable winding means,
  • The figure 6 , an example of a structure making it possible to expand the bandwidth,
  • The figure 7 , an alternative embodiment of the structure of the figure 6 ,
  • The figure 8 , an alternative to achieve insulation between the radiating element and the rest of the coaxial cable, and
  • The figure 9 , a variant for the coupler of the flying machine.

La figure 2 représente un exemple de déploiement d'un système antennaire d'n dispositif selon l'invention. Une station terrestre mobile 1 est en liaison grâce à un système antennaire 60 selon l'invention à un engin captif 2. La station terrestre comporte une plateforme de parcage 7 et un treuil 9 sur lequel est fixée une première extrémité 6A du système antennaire. Une deuxième extrémité 6B du système antennaire est fixée à l'engin captif par des moyens appropriés 8. La structure antennaire 60 détaillée à la figure 3 comporte une première partie 4 qui permet notamment d'alimenter en énergie l'engin captif et une deuxième partie 3 correspondant à un élément rayonnant comparable à une antenne dans sa fonctionnalité. La structure antennaire 60 selon l'invention qui va être décrite sert de câble d'alimentation RF, elle amène la puissance radiofréquence depuis un poste émetteur/récepteur 11 situé sur la station terrestre 1 jusqu'à l'élément rayonnant disposé en hauteur par rapport à la station terrestre. Elle amène aussi la puissance électrique depuis une source d'énergie 12 située sur la station terrestre mobile 1. La source d'énergie 12 peut être à courant continu DC ou à courant alternatif AC.The figure 2 represents an example of deployment of an antenna system of a device according to the invention. A mobile land station 1 is linked by means of an antenna system 60 according to the invention to a captive vehicle 2. The land station comprises a parking platform 7 and a winch 9 on which is fixed a first end 6A of the antenna system. A second end 6B of the antenna system is fixed to the captive machine by appropriate means 8. The antenna structure 60 detailed in figure 3 comprises a first part 4 which makes it possible in particular to supply the captive vehicle with energy and a second part 3 corresponding to a radiating element comparable to an antenna in its functionality. The antenna structure 60 according to the invention which will be described serves as an RF power cable, it brings the radiofrequency power from a transmitter / receiver station 11 located on the earth station 1 to the radiating element arranged in height relative to at the land station. It also brings the electric power from an energy source 12 located on the mobile earth station 1. The energy source 12 can be direct current DC or alternating current AC.

L'engin captif 2 comporte par exemple un ou plusieurs moteurs de sustentation 21, un dispositif de découplage 23, un câble bifilaire 24 d'alimentation électrique.The captive vehicle 2 comprises, for example, one or more lift motors 21, a decoupling device 23, a two-wire cable 24 for the power supply.

Le système antennaire du dispositif selon l'invention comprend notamment un câble coaxial d'attache comprenant une coupure 30, une capacité 33 de mise à la masse et un dispositif 34 jouant le rôle d'isolateur de courant pour l'élément rayonnant 3, l'isolateur étant disposé entre la première partie 4 et la deuxième partie 3. Le câble d'attache unique 6 alimente l'engin captif 2 en énergie électrique et transporte la puissance RF sur uniquement deux fils conducteurs. La capacité 33 joue un rôle de court-circuit pour les signaux RF dont les fréquences sont égales aux fréquences de travail de l'antenne.The antenna system of the device according to the invention comprises in particular a coaxial attachment cable comprising a cutout 30, a grounding capacitor 33 and a device 34 acting as a current insulator for the radiating element 3, 1. The insulator being disposed between the first part 4 and the second part 3. The single tether cable 6 supplies the captive device 2 with electrical energy and carries the RF power over only two conductor wires. The capacitor 33 acts as a short-circuit for the RF signals whose frequencies are equal to the working frequencies of the antenna.

La figure 3 détaille les différents éléments et modules constituant la structure antennaire du dispositif selon l'invention.The figure 3 details the various elements and modules constituting the antenna structure of the device according to the invention.

L'engin captif 2, par exemple un micro drone de type hexacoptère, dispose pour sa sustentation d'un ou plusieurs moteurs électriques 21 alimentés à partir d'une liaison électrique par câble filaire 24 isolé radio-électriquement par un dispositif de découplage 23 connu de l'homme du métier, par exemple un bobinage 22 autour d'un noyau magnétique non explicité pour simplifier la description.The captive machine 2, for example a micro drone of the hexacopter type, has for its support one or more electric motors 21 supplied from an electrical link by wire cable 24 radio-electrically isolated by a known decoupling device 23 of the man of the loom, for example a coil 22 around a magnetic core not explained to simplify the description.

La station terrestre 1 comporte par exemple un poste radio émetteur/récepteur 11 fonctionnant préférentiellement dans les bandes de fréquences VHF ou UHF (30MHz à 3GHz) et une source d'énergie électrique à courant continu ou à courant alternatif 12. La sortie 11s de l'émetteur/récepteur 11 est reliée à une première entrée 132 du coupleur 13. Le coupleur 13 est constitué d'un filtre passe haut schématisé par une capacité 14 disposée en série avec l'entrée RF 132 et un filtre passe bas représenté par une self 15 en série avec une deuxième entrée 133 du coupleur 13.The land station 1 comprises for example a transmitter / receiver radio station 11 preferably operating in the VHF or UHF frequency bands (30 MHz to 3GHz) and a source of direct current or alternating current electric power 12. The output 11s of the the transmitter / receiver 11 is connected to a first input 13 2 of the coupler 13. The coupler 13 consists of a high pass filter shown schematically by a capacitor 14 arranged in series with the RF input 13 2 and a low pass filter represented by a choke 15 in series with a second input 13 3 of the coupler 13.

Le câble coaxial 6 jouant le rôle de câble d'attache comporte une tresse en fil conducteur électrique 63 formant une gaine, une âme conducteur 65 et un matériau diélectrique 64 remplissant l'espace entre la gaine 63 et l'âme 65, une première extrémité inférieure 61 du câble coaxial 6 est connectée au coupleur 13 en reliant une première extrémité 611 de l'âme 65 à la sortie 131 du coupleur 13 et une deuxième extrémité 612 de la gaine 63 à la masse M du système. La deuxième extrémité 62 ou extrémité supérieure du câble est reliée à un dispositif de découplage 23 situé au niveau de l'engin captif 2. Le câble peut s'enrouler sur un treuil (9 figure 2).The coaxial cable 6 playing the role of tying cable comprises an electrically conductive wire braid 63 forming a sheath, a conductive core 65 and a dielectric material 64 filling the space between the sheath 63 and the core 65, a first end lower 61 of the coaxial cable 6 is connected to the coupler 13 by connecting a first end 61 1 of the core 65 to the outlet 13 1 of the coupler 13 and a second end 61 2 of the sheath 63 to the ground M of the system. The second end 62 or upper end of the cable is connected to a decoupling device 23 located at the level of the captive device 2. The cable can be wound up on a winch (9 figure 2 ).

La structure antennaire du dispositif selon l'invention est composée du câble coaxial 6 dans lequel on va faire une coupure 30 ce qui va permettre d'obtenir une inversion de polarité et on va isoler la partie jouant le rôle d'élément rayonnant.The antenna structure of the device according to the invention is composed of the coaxial cable 6 in which a cut 30 will be made which will make it possible to obtain a polarity inversion and the part playing the role of radiating element will be isolated.

Sur la figure 3, la partie du câble jouant le rôle d'élément rayonnant porte la référence 3. Elle est obtenue en réalisant une coupure 30 dans le câble coaxial 6. La coupure 30 est par exemple protégée et maintenue mécaniquement par un manchon 39. On délimite le tronçon 3 formant l'élément rayonnant par un dispositif d'isolateur de courant 34 connu de l'homme du métier. Le tronçon 3 formant l'élément rayonnant est constitué d'un premier élément inférieur 3i situé entre la coupure 30 et l'élément isolateur de courant 34, un deuxième élément supérieur 3s situé entre le haut de la coupure 30 et l'extrémité supérieure 62 du câble coaxial 6.On the figure 3 , the part of the cable playing the role of radiating element bears the reference 3. It is obtained by making a cut 30 in the coaxial cable 6. The cut 30 is for example protected and mechanically maintained by a sleeve 39. The section is delimited. 3 forming the radiating element by a current insulator device 34 known to those skilled in the art. The section 3 forming the radiating element consists of a first lower element 3i located between the cut-off 30 and the current insulating element 34, a second upper element 3s located between the top of the cut-off 30 and the upper end 62 of the coaxial cable 6.

La partie supérieure 3s a une longueur H1 et la partie inférieure 3i une longueur H2. La valeur de H2 est de préférence égale à la valeur H1.The upper part 3s has a length H1 and the lower part 3i a length H2. The value of H2 is preferably equal to the value H1.

Sur la partie 3 formant l'élément rayonnant, l'âme 65 du câble coaxial 6 au niveau de la face inférieure 32 de la coupure 30 est reliée à la tresse 63 du câble coaxial au niveau de la face supérieure 31 de la coupure correspondant à la face inférieure de l'élément 3s et l'âme 65 du câble coaxial de la face supérieure 31 de la coupure 30 est reliée à la tresse 63 du coaxial de la face inférieure 32 de la coupure 30. La coupure 30 sert à intervertir les conducteurs, l'âme 65 du bas se connecte en un point 652 en un point 631 de la tresse 63 du haut et inversement l'âme du haut se connecte en un point 651 au point 632 de la tresse du bas.On the part 3 forming the radiating element, the core 65 of the coaxial cable 6 at the level of the lower face 32 of the cut 30 is connected to the braid 63 of the coaxial cable at the level of the upper face 31 of the cut corresponding to the lower face of the element 3s and the core 65 of the coaxial cable of the upper face 31 of the cut 30 is connected to the braid 63 of the coaxial of the lower face 32 of the cut 30. The cut 30 serves to invert the conductors, the bottom core 65 connects at a point 65 2 at a point 63 1 of the top braid 63 and conversely the top core connects at a point 65 1 at point 63 2 of the bottom braid.

La valeur de H1 est de préférence choisie égale au quart de la longueur d'onde de la fréquence centrale de travail, λ/4 avec λ la longueur d'onde dans l'air.The value of H1 is preferably chosen equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the central working frequency, λ / 4 with λ the wavelength in air.

Pour réaliser l'isolation entre l'élément rayonnant 3 et la deuxième partie 4 du câble coaxial, on dispose une ou plusieurs perles 34 en matériau ferromagnétique, par exemple de la ferrite, maintenues par une gaine souple G. Les perles sont de préférence non jointives pour garder de la souplesse au câble à cet endroit, afin d'isoler le tronçon rayonnant du reste du câble.To achieve the insulation between the radiating element 3 and the second part 4 of the coaxial cable, one or more beads 34 made of ferromagnetic material, for example ferrite, held by a flexible sheath G. The beads are preferably not available. contiguous to keep the cable flexible at this location, in order to isolate the radiating section from the rest of the cable.

Au niveau de la partie supérieure 3s du tronçon de l'élément rayonnant, à une distance H3 de la coupure 30, un évidement 36 est pratiqué dans le câble 6 pour positionner une capacité 33 dont la valeur est choisie pour réaliser un court-circuit des signaux RF à cet endroit. Tout autre dispositif pouvant assurer une fonction de court-circuit mais garantissant l'isolation galvanique, par exemple une ligne quart d'onde en circuit ouvert peut être utilisé à la place de la capacité. La distance H3 est de préférence égale au quart de la longueur d'onde dans le diélectrique, Àg/4.At the level of the upper part 3s of the section of the radiating element, at a distance H3 from the cut-off 30, a recess 36 is made in the cable 6 to position a capacitor 33, the value of which is chosen to achieve a short-circuit of the cables. RF signals at this location. Any other device capable of providing a short-circuit function but guaranteeing galvanic isolation, for example an open-circuit quarter-wave line can be used instead of the capacitor. The distance H3 is preferably equal to a quarter of the wavelength in the dielectric, λg / 4.

La figure 4 représente une variante de réalisation pour réaliser la connexion de la structure antennaire du dispositif selon l'invention au niveau de l'engin volant.The figure 4 represents an alternative embodiment for making the connection of the antenna structure of the device according to the invention at the level of the flying machine.

L'extrémité supérieure 62 du câble coaxial 6 est équipée d'un connecteur coaxial standard 71 connu de l'homme du métier, par exemple un connecteur de type N représenté sur la figure, afin d'assurer une liaison mécanique et une connexion électrique avec l'engin volant 2.The upper end 62 of the coaxial cable 6 is equipped with a standard coaxial connector 71 known to those skilled in the art, for example an N type connector shown in the figure, in order to ensure a mechanical link and an electrical connection with the flying machine 2.

L'engin volant 2 dispose d'un connecteur coaxial complémentaire 72 monté sur un châssis isolant 73 de celui-ci et branché directement au dispositif de découplage 23.The flying machine 2 has a complementary coaxial connector 72 mounted on an insulating frame 73 thereof and connected directly to the decoupling device 23.

La figure 5 représente une autre variante pour la connexion du câble coaxial au niveau de la station terrestre 1. Dans cet exemple, l'extrémité 61 est connectée à un joint tournant coaxial 75 solidaire d'un treuil 74 tournant autour d'un axe 77 et permettant la liaison radioélectrique et électrique pendant l'enroulement du câble 6. Cette solution est facile et peu coûteuse.The figure 5 shows another variant for the connection of the coaxial cable at the level of the earth station 1. In this example, the end 61 is connected to a coaxial rotating joint 75 integral with a winch 74 rotating around an axis 77 and allowing the radio and electrical link during the winding of the cable 6. This solution is easy and inexpensive.

La figure 6 donne un exemple de réalisation permettant d'élargir la bande passante utilisable. Au niveau de la coupure 30, la connexion 31 est effectuée à travers un transformateur d'impédance 41 connu de l'homme du métier et isolé galvaniquement de 32 par exemple au moyen d'une capacité 42 dont une première borne 421 est reliée à une borne 411 du transformateur d'impédance et une deuxième borne 422 est reliée à la tresse 63 de la partie 3i de l'élément rayonnant. La deuxième borne 412 du transformateur d'impédance 41 est reliée à la tresse 63 de la partie 3s supérieure de l'élément rayonnant. Le transformateur d'impédance 41 est en liaison avec l'âme 65 du deuxième tronçon 4 et en un point médian 413.The figure 6 gives an exemplary embodiment making it possible to widen the usable bandwidth. At the cutoff 30, the connection 31 is made through an impedance transformer 41 known to those skilled in the art and galvanically isolated from 32, for example by means of a capacitor 42 of which a first terminal 42 1 is connected to a terminal 41 1 of the impedance transformer and a second terminal 42 2 is connected to the braid 63 of the part 3i of the radiating element. The second terminal 41 2 of the impedance transformer 41 is connected to the braid 63 of the upper part 3s of the radiating element. The impedance transformer 41 is connected with the core 65 of the second section 4 and at a midpoint 41 3 .

La figure 7 est une variante de réalisation de la figure 6 où la tresse du coaxial au niveau de la face inférieure 32 de la coupure 30 est reliée à travers une self 43 à l'âme du coaxial au niveau de la face supérieure 31 de la coupure.The figure 7 is an alternative embodiment of the figure 6 where the braid of the coaxial at the level of the lower face 32 of the cut 30 is connected through a choke 43 to the core of the coaxial at the level of the upper face 31 of the cut.

La figure 8 représente une variante pour réaliser l'isolateur de courant 34. Les perles de ferrite 34 sont remplacées par un bobinage 35 du câble coaxial 6 autour d'un noyau souple 37. Le noyau souple est par exemple en matériau diélectrique ou en matériau magnétique.The figure 8 shows a variant for making the current insulator 34. The ferrite beads 34 are replaced by a coil 35 of the coaxial cable 6 around a flexible core 37. The flexible core is for example made of dielectric material or of magnetic material.

La figure 9 représente une variante pour la réalisation du coupleur de façon à conserver une bonne adaptation d'impédance présentée à l'émetteur/récepteur. Dans cet exemple, le filtre passe haut utilise un réseau en T composé de deux capacités 141, 142 et d'une inductance 143, et le filtre passe bas composé de deux inductances 151, 152 et d'une capacité 153 utilise aussi un réseau en T.The figure 9 represents a variant for the realization of the coupler so as to maintain a good impedance match presented to the transmitter / receiver. In this example, the high pass filter uses a T network made up of two capacitors 14 1 , 14 2 and an inductor 14 3 , and the low pass filter made up of two inductors 15 1 , 15 2 and a capacitor 15 3 also uses a T-network.

La structure antennaire du dispositif selon l'invention permet notamment d'augmenter la portée radio en surélevant en hauteur l'élément rayonnant ou antenne du système de radiocommunication en particulier pour la bande de fréquences VHF ou UHF (30-88 MHz) et (225-400 MHz). Elle permet le rayonnement d'une puissance RF de la bande V-UHF par le cordon d'alimentation en énergie électrique d'un engin volant captif.The antenna structure of the device according to the invention makes it possible in particular to increase the radio range by raising the radiating element or antenna of the radio communication system in height, in particular for the VHF or UHF (30-88 MHz) and (225 MHz) frequency band. -400 MHz). It allows RF power from the V-UHF band to be radiated through the electrical power supply cord of a captive flying object.

La structure présente une faible masse, d'où la possibilité d'être soulevée par un micro engin volant, tel qu'un hexacoptère. Le câble coaxial étant un câble souple, il peut aisément être enroulé sur un treuil tout en restant connecté par l'emploi d'un joint adapté.The structure has a low mass, hence the possibility of being lifted by a micro flying machine, such as a hexacopter. The coaxial cable being a flexible cable, it can easily be wound up on a winch while remaining connected by the use of a suitable joint.

Claims (12)

  1. Device having an antenna structure (60), a coaxial cable (6), a carrier (2) and a station (1), the antenna structure (60) being connected to the station (1) by the coaxial cable (6) acting as a tether and power supply, said coaxial cable (6) comprising a core (65) and a braid (63), a first end (61) connected to the station (1) comprising a transceiver (11) and a supply source (12) and a second end (62) connected to the carrier characterised in that said antenna structure has, combined, at least the following elements:
    • on at least a first section (3), the coaxial cable (6) comprises a break (30) delimiting a first upper portion (3s) of length H1 and a second lower portion (3i) of length H2, the first upper portion (3s) and the second lower portion (3i) forming a radiating element (3), isolated from a second section (4) by means of a current isolation device (34), the break comprising a lower face (32) and an upper face (31),
    • at the break (30), the core (65) of the coaxial cable of the lower face (32) of the break (30) is connected to the braid (63) of the coaxial of the upper face (31) of the break (30) and the core (65) of the coaxial cable of the upper face (31) of the break (30) is connected to the braid (63) of the coaxial of the lower face (32) of the break (30),
    • the first upper portion (3s) has a recess (36) in the coaxial cable (6) in which is inserted a short-circuit device (33) for signals whose frequencies are equal to the operating frequency of the antenna structure.
  2. Device according to claim 1, wherein, at the central operating frequency of the radiating element, the value of H1 is chosen to be equal to one quarter of the wavelength in air λ/4, the distance H3 between the recess (36) and the break (30) is equal to one quarter of the wavelength λg/4 in the dielectric constituting the coaxial cable, H2 is equal to H1.
  3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the current isolation device (34) consists of ferrite beads.
  4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier (2) is equipped with an axial connector (72) mounted on an isolating frame (73) adapted to a coaxial connector (71) equipping the upper end (62) of the coaxial cable (6) of the antenna structure (60).
  5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the station (1) has a winch (74) for winding up the coaxial cable (6) and a swivel joint (75) integral with the winch (74) adapted to provide an electrical link and a radio link while the cable (6) is being wound up.
  6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the core (65) of the coaxial cable at the lower face (32) of the break (30) is connected to the braid (63) of the coaxial at the upper face (31) of the break (30) by means of a device comprising an impedance transformer (41) and galvanically isolated from the lower face (32) by a capacitance (42).
  7. Device according to claim 6, wherein the braid of the coaxial at the lower face (32) of the break (30) is connected through an inductor (43) to the core of the coaxial at the upper face (31) of the break.
  8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the current isolation device (34) consists of a winding (35) of the coaxial cable around a flexible core (37).
  9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the station (1) has a coupler (13) to the antenna structure (60), characterised in that it consists of a high pass filter (14) in series with a first input (132) of the coupler and a low pass filter (15) in series with a second input (133) of the coupler (13), an output (131) connected to the end (61) of the cable (6).
  10. Device according to Claim 9, wherein the high pass filter (14) consists of a T-network made up of two capacitances (141, 142) and an inductance (143), and the low pass filter is a T-network made up of two inductances (151, 152) and a capacitance (153).
  11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the antenna element is adapted to operate at very high frequency VHF or ultra-high frequency UHF.
  12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier is a captive flying vehicle (2) situated at a given altitude in relation to a terrestrial station (1).
EP16196152.9A 2015-10-30 2016-10-28 Umbilical antenna structure Active EP3163677B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR1502291A FR3043260B1 (en) 2015-10-30 2015-10-30 OMBILICABLE ANTENNA STRUCTURE

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IL (1) IL248619B (en)

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FR3061807B1 (en) * 2017-01-12 2019-07-05 Tekcem ANTENNA COMPRISING AN AIRCRAFT WITHOUT PILOT
DE102019122089A1 (en) * 2019-08-16 2021-02-18 Connaught Electronics Ltd. Simultaneous transmission of electricity and data
WO2024057204A1 (en) * 2022-09-12 2024-03-21 Elettronica Marittima S.R.L. Low loss impedance adapter device for compact vehicle antenna

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DE3514709A1 (en) * 1985-04-24 1986-10-30 Wilhelm Sihn jun. KG, 7532 Niefern-Öschelbronn Vertical omnidirectional antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3043260B1 (en) 2017-12-08
IL248619A0 (en) 2017-02-28
FR3043260A1 (en) 2017-05-05
IL248619B (en) 2020-07-30
US9979076B2 (en) 2018-05-22
EP3163677A1 (en) 2017-05-03
US20170125893A1 (en) 2017-05-04

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