EP3161949A1 - Convertisseur de tension comprenant un circuit convertisseur a résonnance - Google Patents
Convertisseur de tension comprenant un circuit convertisseur a résonnanceInfo
- Publication number
- EP3161949A1 EP3161949A1 EP15735996.9A EP15735996A EP3161949A1 EP 3161949 A1 EP3161949 A1 EP 3161949A1 EP 15735996 A EP15735996 A EP 15735996A EP 3161949 A1 EP3161949 A1 EP 3161949A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- voltage
- resonant converter
- converter circuit
- resonant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33571—Half-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
- H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
- H02M3/1586—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1588—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load comprising at least one synchronous rectifier element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/285—Single converters with a plurality of output stages connected in parallel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a voltage converter comprising a resonant converter circuit, a voltage conversion device comprising an interleaving of converters according to the invention, and a voltage conversion method implemented with the converter according to the invention. .
- Resonant type DC / DC voltage converters are known (for direct current / direct current).
- a resonant converter includes inductances and / or variable number capacitors for using a resonance phenomenon between these inductances and these capacitors to convert a first voltage to a second voltage.
- a "LLC series" type resonant DC / DC converter architecture that is to say comprising two inductors and a capacitance in series, is known from document EP2299580A2.
- the resonant converters may have zero voltage switching (ZVS) switches or zero current switching (ZCS) switching operations which reduce losses by switching during conversion. These converters are therefore particularly advantageous in an automotive application where the energy resource is limited.
- a voltage converter can be used to adapt voltage levels between several electrical networks of the vehicle or to convert a voltage between a power source and an electrical consumer embedded in the vehicle.
- a resonant converter operates by a succession of openings and closings in a circuit of switches connecting the inductances and capacitors to a chopping frequency so as to transmit energy through a transformer.
- FIG. 4 shows a graph illustrating the gain as a function of the switching frequency for different Q charges at the output of an LLC resonant converter comprising two inductances in series with a capacitor.
- One of the inductors may be a magnetising inductor of the transformer.
- the switching frequency is normalized with respect to a so-called main resonance frequency; and the load is normalized to a reference load.
- the main resonance frequency (which is equal to 1 in normalized value) is related to the resonance between a first inductor and the capacity of the converter.
- the converter furthermore has a secondary resonant frequency
- the characteristics of the gain-switching frequency vary with the load at the output of the converter. It is advantageous to operate the resonance converter at the main resonant frequency because its gain remains constant whatever the load Q at the output of the converter, and performance in terms of efficiency and volume of the converter are optimal. It is known to modify the switching frequency to reach an output voltage target value. By varying the switching frequency can be moved on a characteristic, for example that corresponding to a relative load of 1. Thus, it adjusts the gain of the converter to reach the output voltage target value. The converter is then designed to cover the entire operating range.
- the input voltage is between 220 and 410V and the target output voltage is between 12 and 16V.
- the converter is designed to deliver a voltage of 16V with an input voltage of 220V and a voltage of 12V with an input voltage of 410V.
- the switching frequency of the switches of the resonance converter it is known to vary the switching frequency of the switches of the resonance converter to regulate its output voltage, that is to say maintain its output voltage. to a desired value.
- the resonance converter must be powered by a little variable voltage, for example to plus or minus 20%.
- the voltage of a power source such as a battery, can vary greatly depending on the available energy. This limits the use of the resonance converter in a vehicle.
- the invention relates to a voltage converter comprising:
- a resonant converter circuit configured to present at least one switching frequency
- control circuit being configured to control the output voltage of the resonant converter circuit by changing the voltage delivered to the resonant converter circuit, the switching frequency remaining constant
- control circuit is configured to deliver to the resonant converter circuit an input voltage value corresponding to a respective output voltage value of the resonant converter circuit.
- a desired voltage value at the output of the resonant converter circuit is obtained by adjusting the input voltage of the resonant converter circuit.
- Each voltage value desired at the output of the resonant converter circuit corresponds to an input voltage value of the resonant converter circuit.
- a desired output voltage value is obtained without changing the switching frequency of the resonant converter circuit.
- the control circuit permits operation of the resonant converter circuit with a constant frequency for any input voltage, in particular within an operating range of the resonant converter circuit.
- the difference between the minimum value and the maximum value of the input voltage of the converter is between 150 and 500 V; for example, the minimum value of the input voltage is between 150 and 200 V; and the maximum value of the input voltage is between 400 and 500V.
- the switching frequency therefore remains constant to an uncertainty.
- control circuit comprises switches whose cyclic ratios are adjusted to obtain a voltage value at the output of the control circuit, that is to say at the input of the resonant converter circuit. This voltage value is adjusted to obtain a desired voltage value at the output of the resonant converter circuit.
- the control circuit delivers its output signal to the input of the resonant converter circuit.
- the resonant converter circuit may be in cascade of the control circuit.
- the resonant converter circuit is in particular connected directly downstream of the control circuit, that is to say that the control circuit is placed directly upstream of the resonant converter circuit.
- control circuit is configured to deliver a voltage to the resonant converter circuit from, directly or indirectly, an input voltage of the voltage converter.
- the voltage converter may be a DC-DC converter configured to convert a DC input voltage to a DC output voltage.
- the voltage converter may be an AC-DC converter configured to convert an AC voltage to a DC voltage.
- the voltage converter then comprises an AC-DC converter circuit upstream of the control circuit or a DC-AC converter circuit downstream of the resonant converter circuit.
- the voltage converter can be an AC-AC converter.
- the resonant converter circuit is configured so that its switching frequency is equal to a resonance frequency of the resonant converter circuit, called the main resonant frequency, at which the gain of the resonant converter circuit does not vary. not substantially with the output load of the resonant converter circuit.
- control circuit and the resonant converter circuit are in a single module.
- control circuit and the resonance circuit are in the same housing of an electronic module or on the same electronic card of the module.
- the converter comprises a circuit for implementing a first loop so as to slave a setpoint of an electrical parameter of a signal of the control circuit to a difference between the value of the output voltage of the converter circuit. resonance and an output voltage setpoint of the resonant converter circuit, the setpoint of the electrical parameter being such that the control circuit supplies the resonance converter circuit with a value an input voltage corresponding to a respective output voltage value of the resonant converter circuit.
- the converter comprises a circuit intended to implement a second loop so as to slave the electrical parameter of the signal of the regulation circuit to a difference between the value of the electrical parameter and the reference of the electrical parameter.
- the signal of the regulation circuit is the signal delivered by the regulation circuit, or a signal flowing in the regulation circuit.
- the electrical parameter of the signal is its current or its voltage.
- the circuit is intended to implement a loop so as to slave the current delivered by the regulation circuit, or a current flowing in the regulation circuit, to a difference between the value of the output voltage of the circuit. resonance converter and an output voltage setpoint of the resonant converter circuit.
- the circuits control the electrical parameter by controlling the switches included in the control circuit, in particular by controlling cyclic opening or closing ratios of the switches.
- the regulation circuit is of type sepic (for the English “Single Ended Primary Inductor Converter"), buck ("buck"), boost ("boost” in English) or step-up ( “Buck-boost” in English) and / or the resonant converter circuit is LLC type comprising two inductors and a capacitance, in particular in series.
- the resonant converter circuit comprises: an isolation transformer
- the two switches and the inductor form a half-bridge structure.
- the resonant converter circuit comprises other switches allowing a full bridge structure or any other configuration.
- At least one of the switches comprises a capacity in parallel.
- the resonant converter circuit comprises for each switch, a respective capacitance between the terminal of the switch which is not common with the other switch, and the second terminal of the primary of the transformer.
- the invention further relates to a voltage conversion device comprising at least two voltage converters according to the invention, the two converters being interlaced and wherein the control circuits are configured to operate with a phase shift of 2 ⁇ / ⁇ , and the resonant converter circuits are configured to operate with a phase shift of ⁇ / ⁇ , where n is the number of interlaced voltage converters.
- the voltage converters share the circuit intended to implement the first loop so that the regulation circuits receive the same setpoint.
- the invention also relates to a voltage conversion method comprising the steps of:
- the switching frequency is equal to a resonant frequency of the resonant converter circuit at which the gain of the resonant converter circuit does not vary substantially with the output load of the resonant converter circuit.
- control of the output voltage of the converter comprises a first loop controlling the setpoint of an electrical parameter of the signal delivered by the regulation circuit, or of a signal flowing in the regulation circuit, a difference between the value of the output voltage of the resonant converter circuit and an output voltage setpoint of the resonant converter circuit, the setpoint of the electrical parameter being such that the control circuit supplies the resonant converter circuit with a value of input voltage corresponding to a respective output voltage value of the resonant converter circuit
- control of the output voltage of the converter comprises a second loop controlling the electrical parameter of the signal delivered by the control circuit, or of the signal flowing in the control circuit, to a difference between the value of the parameter electrical and the setpoint of the electrical parameter.
- the electrical parameter of the signal is its voltage or its current.
- the circuit is intended to implement a loop so as to slave the current delivered by the control circuit, or a current flowing in the control circuit, to a difference between the value of the output voltage of the resonant converter circuit and an output voltage setpoint of the resonant converter circuit.
- the method comprises providing a plurality of interleaved voltage converters; and wherein:
- the regulation circuits operate with a phase shift of 2 ⁇ / ⁇ , where n is the number of interleaved voltage converters;
- the resonant converter circuits operate with a phase shift of ⁇ / ⁇ . According to one embodiment, the control of the output voltage of the resonant converter circuits is carried out with the same instruction.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a voltage converter according to the invention
- FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a control method of the voltage converter of FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary method of controlling a conversion device comprising an interleaving of converters such as in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 already described, illustrates characteristics of an LLC resonance converter.
- FIG. 5 illustrates another example of a converter according to the invention.
- the voltage converter will be better understood with reference to FIG.
- the converter 1 comprises a resonant converter circuit 3 and a circuit 2 for regulating the input voltage of the resonant converter circuit.
- switches M21, M22, M31, M32 include switches M21, M22, M31, M32, a succession of openings and closures to control the output signal of these circuits. These switches may be transistors, such as MOSFET, IGBT or other transistors.
- the circuits 2, 3 may be made from a semiconductor material such as silicon (Si), gallium nitride (GaN), silicon carbide (SiC), or any other semiconductor material.
- the regulation circuit 2 is a DC / DC buck converter, however it could be another type of DC / DC converter.
- the regulation circuit 2 comprises two switches M21, M22 in series.
- the switch M21 said switch high side, is connected to the upper terminal of a voltage source (not shown).
- the switch M22 called low side switch, is connected to the lower terminal of the voltage source. This lower terminal corresponds in particular to a first ground GND1 of the converter 1.
- Each switch M1 may comprise a transistor in parallel with a freewheel diode.
- Each switch M21, M22 comprises a capacity C21, C22 in parallel.
- capacitors C21, C22 are used to make a zero voltage switching or ZVS (for "Zero Voltage Switching" in English) when opening and / or closing switches.
- ZVS Zero Voltage Switching
- M21, M22 recovers the energy stored in an inductor to discharge and recharge the capacitor C21, C22 which is across the switch. Once the voltage is close to 0V the switch is controlled and thus a switching under zero voltage is achieved which greatly reduces the switching losses.
- An inductor L2 has a first terminal connected to the midpoint of the two switches M21, M22, and a second terminal connected to the input of the resonant converter circuit 3.
- a capacitor C1 is connected between the second terminal of the inductor L2 and the first ground GND1 of the converter 1, and makes it possible to interface the circuits 2, 3.
- the resonant converter circuit 3 comprises two switches M31, M32 in series and an inductor L31 connected to the midpoint of the two switches M31, M32.
- the switches M31, M32 and the inductor L31 are in the same configuration as that previously described for the switches M21, M22 and the inductance L2.
- M31, M32 switches include diodes and capacitors
- An insulation transformer T3 comprises a primary L32 and two secondary L33, L34.
- the second terminal of the inductor L31 is connected to the primary L32 of the transformer T3.
- the secondary L33, L34 are in series with their midpoint connected to a second ground GND2 of the voltage converter 1.
- the transformer T3 could have another configuration in that it allows for insulation and a voltage conversion by resonance.
- the resonant converter circuit 3 performs a voltage conversion using a resonance between inductance L31, inductance L32, and capacitance.
- the capacity is realized by two capacities C33, C34.
- a capacitor C33 is connected between the terminal of the high-side switch M31 which is not common with the other switch M32, and the terminal of the primary L32 which is not connected to the inductor L31. This terminal of switch M31 corresponds to the high terminal of the voltage source.
- Another capacitor C34 is connected between the terminal of the low side switch
- the capacity could have been achieved in another way, for example by a single capacitor in series with the inductors L31 and L32.
- the resonance could have been obtained by using an inductance parallel to the primary L32 in place of the primary L32.
- the resonant converter circuit 3 also comprises diodes D31, D32 for rectifying the signal from the transformer T3.
- a diode D31 has its anode connected to a terminal of a secondary L33 and the other diode D32 has its anode connected to a terminal of the other secondary L34, these terminals being different from the middle point of the two secondary L33 , L34.
- the diodes D31, D32 could advantageously be replaced by switches, in particular field effect switches, such as MOSFET, IGBT or other transistors, in order to obtain, for example, a synchronous rectification at the output of the transformer T3. For applications with high currents in secondary use of MOSFET instead of diodes improves the overall efficiency of the converter 1.
- the voltage converter 1 comprises a capacitor CF for filtering the signal delivered by the resonant converter circuit 3.
- the switches M31, M32 operate with a switching frequency that does not vary, that is to say that remains constant over time.
- the switching frequency is controlled by the signal S3 delivered by a control unit 4 of the resonant circuit 3.
- the switching frequency is preferably equal to the main resonant frequency of the converter circuit. resonance 3.
- the resonant converter circuit 3 has a gain that remains constant regardless of the load Q at the output of the resonant converter circuit, and the performances in terms of efficiency and volume of the converter are optimal.
- the converter 1 comprises a control unit 5 of the regulation circuit 2.
- the control unit 5 delivers a signal S2 which controls the opening and closing of the switches M21, M22 to control the electrical signal delivered by the regulation circuit 2.
- the Switches M21, M22 are controlled so that the voltage delivered at the input of the resonant converter circuit 3, that is to say at the output of the regulator 2, makes it possible to obtain a desired voltage value at the output of the converter circuit. 3.
- the resonant converter circuit 3 can therefore operate at its most advantageous frequency, especially at its main resonant frequency.
- the regulation circuit 2 makes it possible to ensure that the input voltage U of the resonant converter circuit 3 retains a value which makes it possible to obtain the voltage of exit
- the control unit 5 correspondingly modifies the control of the duty cycles of the switches M21, M22 to maintain the voltage U at the output of the regulation circuit 2, c i.e. at the input of the resonant converter 3.
- the control unit 5 performs a first current control loop delivered by the regulation circuit 2 at a difference between the value Vout mes of the output voltage of the resonant converter circuit 2 and a desired voltage Vout at the output of the circuit. 3.
- the control unit 5 receives the voltage Vout mes measured at the output of the resonant converter circuit 3 and compares a voltage setpoint V * with the voltage Vout mes measured.
- the voltage setpoint V * corresponds to the desired voltage Vout at the output of the resonant converter circuit 3.
- a controller 51 delivers a current setpoint I2conset to the regulation circuit 2 so as to obtain a voltage U expected at the output of the regulation circuit 2, that is to say at the input of the resonant converter circuit 3.
- the current setpoint I2cons is such that the regulation circuit 2 delivers to the resonant converter circuit 3 the voltage value d input U corresponding to the respective expected value Vout of the output voltage of the resonant converter circuit.
- the first servo loop could be achieved by any other means.
- the first loop could directly slave the voltage delivered by the regulation circuit 2.
- the control unit 5 can furthermore provide protection for the control circuit 3.
- the control unit 5 can protect the resonant converter circuit 3 by acting on the controls S2 of the regulation circuit 2 so as to cancel the input voltage of the resonant converter circuit 3 in order to protect it.
- the control unit 5 can realize a second loop which slaves the current delivered by the regulation circuit 2 to a difference between the value I2mes of the current delivered by the control circuit and the current setpoint I2cons.
- the control unit 5 compares the current setpoint I2cons from the first loop with the current I2mes measured at the output of the control circuit 2.
- a controller 52 determines a control signal PWM the duty cycle of the switches M31, M32 of the control circuit 2, so as to adjust the current delivered by the control circuit 2 to obtain the expected current I2; and thus obtain a signal having the expected voltage U at the output of the regulation circuit 2, that is to say at the input of the resonant converter circuit 3.
- the second control loop could be implemented by any other means making it possible to obtain, at the output of the regulation circuit 2, the voltage U in order to reach the voltage Vout at the output of the resonant converter circuit 3.
- a loop voltage could be used.
- the current loop is easier to implement because, in small signal, the current loop makes it possible to have a first order transfer function while the voltage loop is of the second order.
- the voltage converter 1 could implement the first loop without using the second loop.
- Converters 1 can be connected in parallel and interleaved in order to limit the output AC current and reduce the value of the filtering capacitor CF at the output of the converter circuit.
- the switching frequency of the resonant converter circuit 3 is constant.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an operation of a conversion device 10 which comprises an interleaving of converters 1 as represented in FIG. 1.
- the first servocontrol loop is common to all the converters 1.
- the control circuits 2 receive the same current set I2cons.
- the device 10 may comprise a single controller 51 delivering a single current setpoint I2consc to all the regulation circuits 2. Thus, a current balancing between the voltage converters 1 is ensured.
- the converters 1 operate with a phase shift.
- the regulation circuits 2 operate with a phase shift of 2 ⁇ / ⁇ , where n is the number of interleaved converters 1, which makes it possible to limit the fluctuations at the output of the device 10 and the problems of electromagnetic compatibility.
- the resonant converter circuits 3 operate with a phase shift of ⁇ / ⁇ which makes it possible to limit the ripples at the output of the device 10.
- FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a converter according to the invention. Only the differences with the converter 1 illustrated in Figure 1 will be explained below.
- the secondary circuit L33, L34 is not shown.
- the regulation circuit 2 comprises a resistor R21 at the foot of the bridge.
- the low-side switch M22 of the regulation circuit 2 the capacitor C1 between the regulation circuit 2 and the resonant converter circuit 3, the low-side switch M32 of the resonant converter circuit 3 have a terminal connected to the first ground GND1. While in the example illustrated in Figure 5, the terminal of these components is common with a terminal of the resistor R21 at the foot of the bridge. This resistor R21 has its other terminal connected to the first ground GND1.
- the first control loop is performed with a current flowing in the regulation circuit 2.
- the first loop is made with the current flowing in the resistor R21 at the foot of the bridge.
- the current flowing in the resistor R21 at the bottom of the bridge is the image of the current entering the regulation circuit 2.
- the converter may comprise a filter 53 for filtering the measurement across the resistor R21 at the foot of the bridge. This converter example makes it possible to reduce the noise in the control of the regulation circuit 2.
- the second loop can also be made using the current flowing in the resistor R21 at the foot of the bridge.
- the invention is not limited to the examples described.
- the voltage loops can be replaced by current loops, conversely the current loops can be replaced by voltage loops.
- the circuits 2, 3 have been described with half-bridge structures.
- the circuits 2, 3 could have a complete bridge structure, or any other structure allowing the realization of their respective functions of resonance converter and regulating the input voltage of the resonant conversion.
- the device 10 shown in FIG. 3 can be obtained with converters as illustrated in FIG.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1456215A FR3023085B1 (fr) | 2014-06-30 | 2014-06-30 | Convertisseur de tension comprenant un circuit convertisseur a resonnance |
| PCT/FR2015/051749 WO2016001545A1 (fr) | 2014-06-30 | 2015-06-29 | Convertisseur de tension comprenant un circuit convertisseur a résonnance |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3161949A1 true EP3161949A1 (fr) | 2017-05-03 |
| EP3161949B1 EP3161949B1 (fr) | 2022-04-27 |
Family
ID=51688217
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15735996.9A Active EP3161949B1 (fr) | 2014-06-30 | 2015-06-29 | Convertisseur de tension comprenant un circuit convertisseur a résonnance |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3161949B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3023085B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2016001545A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3064829B1 (fr) * | 2017-04-03 | 2019-04-05 | Valeo Siemens Eautomotive France Sas | Procede de protection contre un courant de surpuissance dans un circuit resonnant |
| WO2018220284A1 (fr) * | 2017-05-30 | 2018-12-06 | Valeo Siemens Eautomotive France Sas | Procédé d'optimisation de la durée d'un temps mort lors des commutations d'un bras d'interrupteur commande en fréquence |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4860184A (en) * | 1987-09-23 | 1989-08-22 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Half-bridge zero-voltage switched multi-resonant converters |
| EP2299580A3 (fr) | 2009-06-24 | 2011-07-27 | STMicroelectronics S.r.l. | Convertisseur résonant multiphases et son procédé de contrôle |
| KR101031217B1 (ko) * | 2009-10-21 | 2011-04-27 | 주식회사 오리엔트전자 | 고정 시비율로 동작하는 llc 공진 컨버터를 사용한 2단 방식 절연형 양방향 dc/dc 전력변환기 |
| TW201246774A (en) * | 2011-05-02 | 2012-11-16 | Motech Ind Inc | Circuit for converting a direct current voltage to an alternating current voltage |
| JP5704124B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-14 | 2015-04-22 | 株式会社村田製作所 | スイッチング電源装置 |
-
2014
- 2014-06-30 FR FR1456215A patent/FR3023085B1/fr active Active
-
2015
- 2015-06-29 EP EP15735996.9A patent/EP3161949B1/fr active Active
- 2015-06-29 WO PCT/FR2015/051749 patent/WO2016001545A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2016001545A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3023085B1 (fr) | 2018-01-05 |
| FR3023085A1 (fr) | 2016-01-01 |
| EP3161949B1 (fr) | 2022-04-27 |
| WO2016001545A1 (fr) | 2016-01-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP3161951B1 (fr) | Convertisseur de tension comprenant un circuit convertisseur dc/dc isole | |
| EP3554887B1 (fr) | Procédé de commande d'un dispositif de charge embarqué sur un véhicule électrique ou hybride | |
| FR3004870A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de commande d'un convertisseur multiphase courant continu-courant continu a resonance, et convertisseur multiphase correspondant | |
| WO2015101594A2 (fr) | Convertisseur d'energie multi-sorties a commande par dephasage | |
| EP2258036B1 (fr) | Dispositif de commande d'une alimentation a decoupage dc dc, du type a n voies entrelacees | |
| EP3363111A1 (fr) | Convertisseur dc/dc isole | |
| FR3014260A1 (fr) | Procede et systeme de commande d'un chargeur bidirectionnel d'une batterie de vehicule automobile. | |
| EP3939152A1 (fr) | Convertisseur de puissance isole et reconfigurable | |
| EP3207629B1 (fr) | Convertisseur dc/dc isole | |
| EP3161950B1 (fr) | Convertisseur de tension comprenant un circuit convertisseur dc/dc isolé | |
| EP3161949B1 (fr) | Convertisseur de tension comprenant un circuit convertisseur a résonnance | |
| WO2016059354A1 (fr) | Convertisseur dc/dc isole et procede de conversion de tension | |
| EP3685485B1 (fr) | Procédé de commande d'un système de charge d'une batterie de traction | |
| FR3001843A1 (fr) | Dispositif et procede correspondant de gestion de batteries de vehicule automobile, en particulier une batterie basse tension et une batterie haute tension | |
| FR3001091A1 (fr) | Systeme de charge d'une batterie de vehicule automobile a tres faibles pertes et procede de commande associe | |
| WO2016059352A1 (fr) | Procede de conversion de tension avec un convertisseur dc/dc isole | |
| EP3966922B1 (fr) | Convertisseur de tension multi niveaux à stockage d'énergie additionnel optimisé | |
| WO2023275202A1 (fr) | Système de conversion de tension et véhicule automobile comportant un tel système | |
| WO2017081386A1 (fr) | Dispositif de conversion d'energie a tension continue reversible | |
| FR3015806A1 (fr) | Convertisseur de tension continue | |
| FR2991835A1 (fr) | Circuit de commande d'un moteur piezoelectrique alimente par la batterie d'un vehicule automobile |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20170119 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: SADKI, HICHAM Inventor name: YANG, GANG Inventor name: DUBUS, PATRICK Inventor name: BENDANI, LARBI |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20180927 |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: VALEO SIEMENS EAUTOMOTIVE FRANCE SAS |
|
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
| INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20211116 |
|
| GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602015078504 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1487746 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20220515 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG9D |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20220427 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 1487746 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20220427 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 |
|
| RAP4 | Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred) |
Owner name: VALEO EAUTOMOTIVE FRANCE SAS |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220829 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220727 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220728 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220727 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220827 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602015078504 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20220630 |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20230130 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20220629 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20220630 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20220629 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20220630 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20220630 |
|
| P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230629 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20150629 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220427 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20250617 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20250625 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20250630 Year of fee payment: 11 |