EP3161445A1 - Dispositif de test pour tester des systèmes à vis et procédé de test pour celui-ci - Google Patents

Dispositif de test pour tester des systèmes à vis et procédé de test pour celui-ci

Info

Publication number
EP3161445A1
EP3161445A1 EP15738006.4A EP15738006A EP3161445A1 EP 3161445 A1 EP3161445 A1 EP 3161445A1 EP 15738006 A EP15738006 A EP 15738006A EP 3161445 A1 EP3161445 A1 EP 3161445A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screw
torsion
torsion element
torque
base body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15738006.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3161445B1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Ludwig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3161445A1 publication Critical patent/EP3161445A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3161445B1 publication Critical patent/EP3161445B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L25/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring force, torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency
    • G01L25/003—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring force, torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency for measuring torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/147—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for electrically operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed

Definitions

  • Test device for testing screw systems and test methods therefor
  • the invention relates to a testing device for testing screw spindles or screw systems, which are provided for the assembly of screw or bolted connections, and a test method therefor.
  • the test device with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that a relatively simple measurement setup can be realized at low cost, with a high accuracy in the testing and evaluation of a screw system to be tested can be achieved by the basic idea of the invention is to use a torsion element a characteristic traced back to a physical law as a mechanical force the torque curve of a screw to be tested screw to recognize based on the evaluation of the running of the screw during the test process torque curve and the characteristic curve shown therein lying outside a predetermined tolerance performance of the screw and determine , In this case, this imprinting takes place as mechanical feedback or mechanical response behavior of the testing device to the forces exerted by the screw spindle on the torsion element of the testing device in accordance with the torque curve of the screw spindle.
  • the torsion element provided with a predetermined bias is accommodated in a base body and serves to impart a spring characteristic of the torsion element to the torque curve of the screw spindle upon the action of a torque curve produced by a screw spindle to be tested, the spring characteristic of the torsion element passing through a first stop position and a second stop position is fixed, wherein means are provided to evaluate the torque curve of the screw measuring data, wherein the basis of the evaluated measurement data and the spring characteristic thereon defining the spring characteristic and corresponding to the stop positions support points of the torque curve as a measure for assessing a deviates from the standard behavior of the screw.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is that the torsion element is received under the predetermined bias in the body so that the torsion is set without external force effect in its first stop position with a stop surface against a stop surface of the body into abutment and under the action of a predetermined bias overcoming external force from the first stop position out in the direction of a second stop surface of the body is movable.
  • the torsion element By the torsion element from its first stop position out to a second stop position is movable, wherein a second stop surface of the torsion abuts against a second stop surface of the body, there is a rotation of the torsion within two stop positions. These two stop positions thus define the spring characteristic of the tester.
  • the rest position of the torsion element i. in its first stop position, between its second stop surface and the corresponding abutment surface of the body there is a gap gap, which sets the maximum measuring range of the tester.
  • one end of the torsion element is anchored to the base body in a non-positive manner by means of an adjusting body.
  • the predetermined bias, with which the torsion element is received in the body defined, for example, with a torque-controlled tool freely selectable apply.
  • the end of the torsion element is rotatably anchored in the adjusting body, wherein the adjusting body is connected to the main body.
  • the shaft portion serves to receive the externally applied torque, with torsion of the shaft portion.
  • the longitudinal central axis of the torsion element extends coaxially to the longitudinal center axis of the base body, so that essentially results in a simple construction.
  • a particularly stable embodiment of the invention provides that the torsion element is formed in one piece.
  • a method for testing screw spindles or screw systems using such a test apparatus comprises the steps of introducing a torque curve of a spindle to be tested into the test apparatus, and the evaluation of the torque curve characteristic measuring data of the screw to be tested, being determined on the basis of the evaluated measurement data and the spring characteristic therein with stop positions corresponding and the spring characteristic defining support points of the torque curve as a measure for evaluating a deviating from the norm behavior of the screw.
  • the spring characteristic of the torsion element of the testing device impressed on the torque curve is determined by means of fixed points, the fixed points being used as characteristic support points corresponding to the stop positions of the torsion element for calculating a deviation of the screw from the standard with known self-torsion and known slip on the basis of the following equation become:
  • W3 (W2 - W1) - ((M2 - Ml) ⁇ tsf)
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial longitudinal section through the test device according to the invention with a base body, a torsion body accommodated therein and a rotationally fixedly connected to the torsion body shim
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the test apparatus of Fig. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section along section line l-l in Fig. 2 by the test apparatus
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the test apparatus of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the partially cut test device of Fig. 1,
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a main body as part of the test apparatus
  • FIG. 8 shows the cross section according to section line I-I in FIG. 1 through the main body and the torsion bar of the testing device installed therein in a greatly enlarged representation, FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a measurement diagram in which the torque curve M of a screw spindle is plotted as a function of the angle of rotation ⁇ , wherein the measured curve recorded on the screw spindle is characterized in its middle section by a characteristic curve of the test device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 11 shows a measuring diagram which serves to calibrate the test apparatus according to the invention, wherein the torque curve M is plotted as a function of the angle of rotation ⁇ of the screw spindle by means of a feedback reference device, wherein the measuring curve recorded by means of the returned reference device has the characteristic curve of the test apparatus in its middle section,
  • FIG. 12 shows a measurement diagram which serves for the calibrated determination of the intrinsic torsion and the slip of a screw spindle when the test apparatus is blocked, wherein the torque curve M of the screw spindle is plotted as a function of the angle of rotation ⁇ by means of a returned reference device
  • 13 is a schematic diagram of the connected to a screw to be tested testing device according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram with the test device connected to a screw spindle to be tested according to a second embodiment.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 show the test device 10 according to the invention, which is suitable for connection to a screw spindle.
  • the test apparatus 10 has a
  • torsion body 12 which is received in the base body 11, and a shim 13, which is fixed to the lower end 14 of the base body 11.
  • the integrally formed torsion body 12 is received coaxially to the longitudinal center axis 15 of the test apparatus 10 in the base body 11, wherein the hexagonal formed upper end 16 of the torsion 12 projects from the main body 11 upwards and serves for coupling or adaptation to a screw.
  • the torsion body 12 has a diameter-widened shoulder 17 with two circumferentially spaced abutment surfaces 17 ' and 17 " , which correspond to two stop surfaces 18 ' and 18 " , which has the main body 11 at its upper shoulder 18.
  • the paragraph 17 of the torsion 12 passes into a smaller diameter annular shoulder 20 which rests on a bearing 22, which is formed as a step inside in the upper section 18 of the base body 11.
  • the torsion body 12 extends in its longitudinal direction over the widened shoulder
  • the dial 13 which rests against the end portion 14 of the base body 11, rotated relative to the end portion 14 by a certain amount and generates a bias under the influence of the entrained torsion body 12 rotates so that its first stop surface 17 ' is placed against the first stop surface 18 'of the base body 11 in abutment.
  • the shim 13 is locked at the end portion 14 by means of dowel pins 27 which pass through the holes formed on the outer edge of the shim 13 and engage with their ends in receiving holes in the edge zone of the end portion 14 and anchored thereby.
  • the dial 13 with the main body 11 is positively and positively connected.
  • milled engagement surfaces 29 are formed in the outer periphery, which serve to receive the test apparatus 10 in a machine.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the base body 11 of the test apparatus 10 according to the invention, wherein the upper portion 18 of the base body 11 has a collar-shaped upwardly projecting portion which extends concentrically to the longitudinal central axis 15 and extends as a ring segment in the circumferential direction over an angular range, by the two stop surfaces 18 'and 18 "is limited and is 180 °.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the base body 11 of the test apparatus 10 according to the invention, wherein the upper portion 18 of the base body 11 has a collar-shaped upwardly projecting portion which extends concentrically to the longitudinal central axis 15 and extends as a ring segment in the circumferential direction over an angular range, by the two stop surfaces 18 'and 18 "is limited and is 180 °.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the torsion body 12 of the test apparatus 10 according to the invention, the shoulder 17 of the torsion body 12 a having a collar downwardly projecting portion which extends concentrically to the longitudinal center axis 15 and located as a ring segment in Circumferential direction extends over an angular range, which is limited by the two stop surfaces 17 ' and 17 " and is dimensioned smaller than 180 ° by about 9 °.
  • 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the test device 10 according to the invention in the assembled state, in which the torsion body 12 is installed in the base body 11 under prestressing.
  • the screw moves stepwise one Angle of rotation range and measures for each set rotational angle, in each case for rotating the test apparatus 10 applied torque. Due to the torque applied by the screw spindle, a further torsion of the torsion body 12, which is already prestressed in the base body 11, takes place about its own longitudinal central axis 15.
  • the elongated shaft area 24 of the torsion body 12 extending along the longitudinal central axis 15 essentially absorbs the shear forces by twisting or torsion about the longitudinal central axis. If the screw spindle reaches a torque value which is greater than the pretensioning of the torsion body 12, the first stop face 17 'of the torsion body 12 is released from the first stop face 18 ' of the torsion body 12
  • FIG. 9 shows a measurement diagram 100 for a screw spindle of a
  • Tightening system connected or adapted according to the invention test apparatus 10, wherein the torque curve M (in units of Nm) of the screw spindle in dependence on the rotation angle ⁇ (in degrees) is applied.
  • the measuring curve detected by the screw spindle and reproduced in the measuring diagram 100 is subdivided essentially into three sections; a first section of the measuring curve extends to the measuring point Sl and is characterized in that the previously applied at small angles of rotation ⁇ of the screw spindle torque M is smaller than the bias of the torsion 12, so that the stop surface 17 'of the torsion 12 still can not lift off from the stop surface 18 'of the main body 11.
  • This first section is non-linear and covers a range of rotation angles from 0.00 ° to about 5.10 °.
  • the measuring points S1 (M1, W1) and S2 (M2, W2) are characteristic buckling points in the measuring curve and thus limit the linear portion which reflects the spring characteristic of the torsion body 12.
  • the measuring range of the test apparatus 10 is thus determined by the design feature of the spacer gap 30, which in the selected embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, amounts to 9 °. Based on the two measuring points Sl and S2, the deviation or the error W3 of the screw spindle can be determined, the following equation applies:
  • W3 (W2 - Wl) - ((M2 - Ml) ⁇ tsf) Equation (1), where tsf denotes the own torsion and the slip of the screw spindle, which is taken into account in their deviation.
  • a deviation or an error of the screw spindle to be tested can already be detected by comparing the torque value M1 determined on the measuring point S1 defining the threshold of application of the spring characteristic with the predetermined preload set on the test apparatus 10; If, in fact, the torque value M 1 deviates from the preload value set on the test apparatus, then the screw spindle to be tested works incorrectly and must be readjusted.
  • 10 shows a measurement diagram 110 for determining the actual torsion tsf and the slip sf of the screw spindle, wherein the torque curve M is plotted as a function of the angle of rotation ⁇ of the screw spindle.
  • the torsion body 12 is blocked in the test apparatus 10 by pins in holes 32 are used, which are formed in paragraph 17 of the torsion 12 and the shoulder 18 of the body 11, so that a rotation of the torsion is blocked relative to the body and the first Stop surface 17 ' can no longer lift off the associated stop surface 18 ' .
  • the torque introduced or applied by the screw spindle acts only on the base body 11 of the test apparatus 10, so that the measurement curve in the measurement diagram 110 reproduces a torque increase and a torque drop.
  • the left-hand portion of the measuring curve with the measuring points PI and P2 is characterized by the own torsion and the slip tsf of the screw spindle, while the right-hand portion of the measuring curve is characterized only by the Eigenorsionsanteil the screw.
  • those measurement points in the measurement curve of FIG. 10 are searched for that at least approximately match the measurement points S1 and S2 in FIG. 9 with regard to the respective torque value. Since the measurement point Sl (in FIG.
  • both the actual torsion tsf and the slip sf of the screw spindle can be determined using the following two equations: t , WT2 - WTI
  • test apparatus 10 can work as normal, only a one-time calibration is required, which is explained with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12 shown measurement diagrams.
  • FIG. 11 shows a measuring diagram 120 recorded by means of a feedback reference device for - once - calibrating the test device 10 according to the invention, which is connected or adapted to a screw spindle, the torque curve M of the screw spindle being plotted as a function of the angle of rotation.
  • This calibration is performed only once for the test apparatus 10 according to the invention.
  • the measurement data i. the respective angle of rotation and the respectively assigned torque value are detected by the returned reference device.
  • FIG. 12 shows a measurement diagram 130 recorded by means of a feedback reference device for the calibrated determination of the intrinsic torsion and the slip of a screw spindle, the torque curve M being plotted as a function of the rotation angle ⁇ .
  • the measured data ie the respective angle of rotation and the respective assigned torque value are - in contrast to the measurement diagrams shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 - detected by the feedback reference device.
  • the test apparatus 10 is mechanically blocked during the performance of the measurement.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the test apparatus 10 according to the invention, together with one of them testing screw 50.
  • the screw 50 is plugged with its end on the hexagonal end 16 of the test apparatus 10.
  • the screw spindle Via a control unit 50 ' belonging to the screw spindle, which is electronically connected to the screw spindle 50 via a signal line 50 " , the screw spindle progressively passes through a rotation angle range and measures for each set rotation angle the torque applied when rotating the test device 10.
  • the acquired measurement data are displayed an externally operating processing unit 10 ' belonging to the test apparatus 10 is transmitted and processed, evaluated and displayed by the latter 12.
  • the processing unit 10 ' which can be designed as a programmable logic controller or as a computer, displays a display window 40 for graphically representing the measurement curve representing the acquired measurement data with the corner measuring points S1 and S2 delimiting the characteristic curve of the testing device and display fields 41, 42, 43 arranged therebelow, in the display field 41 the torque value characterizing the corner measuring point S1 is output, while in FIG he arranged display panel 42 of the Eckmesstician S2 characterizing torque value is displayed.
  • the display field 43 arranged underneath is used to display or output the deviation in degrees determined on the basis of the evaluated measurement curve.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment variant of the test device 10 according to the invention together with a threaded spindle 50 to be tested.
  • the second embodiment differs from the embodiment variant shown in FIG. 13 in that an evaluation module 10 "is provided instead of the externally operating processing unit which is integrated in the control unit 50 'of the screw spindle 50.
  • the evaluation module 10 " performs the same functions as the processing unit 10 ' and has the display fields 40 to 43 for graphically outputting the measurement curve with the characteristics of the test apparatus limiting corner measurement points and for the output of the corresponding torque values as well as the deviation determined on the basis of the evaluated measurement curve.
  • a torque curve of a screw spindle to be tested is introduced into the test apparatus 10, whereupon an evaluation of the torque curve characterizes sating measured data of the screw to be tested is carried out, wherein based on the evaluated measurement data and the spring characteristic impressed therein at least one corresponding to the predetermined bias support point of the torque curve is determined as a measure for evaluating a deviating from the norm behavior of the screw.
  • the spring characteristic of the torsion element of the test device impressed on the torque curve is determined using fixed points S1 and S2, the fixed points S1 and S2 being used as characteristic support points according to equation (1) for calculating a deviation of the screw from the standard.
  • the test apparatus 10 according to the invention has a torsion element 12, which is accommodated in a base body 11 with a predetermined pretension and serves to act on one of a body to be tested
  • the spring characteristic is on the one hand defined or limited by a predetermined by the predetermined bias first stop position and on the other hand by a second stop position, ie the Endanschlag too, with means 10 ' or 10 "are provided in order to evaluate measurement data characterizing the torque progression of the screw spindle by using at least two support points of the torque curve as a measure for evaluating a deviating behavior of the screw spindle on the basis of the evaluated measurement data and the spring characteristic impressed therein two stop positions of the torsion element.
  • test device 10 according to the invention and the test method according to the invention to also detect the influencing variables such as slip and the self-torsion of a screw spindle.
  • the invention in a cyclical operation of the invention not only changes in the measured variables (torque and angle of rotation) of the screw spindle, but also those changes can be detected caused by wear of the screwing system or screwing tool.
  • the invention further includes all known influencing variables, i. the Eigenorsion and the slip of the screw and optionally the flexibility of the machine holding the tester evaluated, this leads to a high measurement accuracy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de test (10) pour tester des broches à vis ou des systèmes à vis, destiné à être installé entre un entraînement d'une broche à vis à tester et un emplacement de vissage, qui comprend un élément de torsion (12) qui est reçu dans un corps de base (11) doté d'une précontrainte prédéterminée et sert ainsi à conférer une caractéristique de ressort à la courbe de couple de la broche à vis lors de l'application d'une courbe de couple provoquée par une broche à vis à tester sur l'élément de torsion (12), la caractéristique de ressort étant délimitée par deux positions d'arrêt de l'élément de torsion, des moyens étant prévus pour évaluer des données de mesure caractérisant la courbe de couple de la broche à vis, en se servant des points de référence de la courbe de couple correspondant aux positions d'arrêt et délimitant la caractéristique de ressort, sur la base des données de mesure évaluées et de la caractéristique de ressort qui y est conférée, comme mesure pour évaluer un comportement s'écartant de la norme de la broche à vis.
EP15738006.4A 2014-06-30 2015-06-29 Dispositif de test pour tester des systèmes à vis et procédé de test pour celui-ci Active EP3161445B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014212656.8A DE102014212656A1 (de) 2014-06-30 2014-06-30 Prüfvorrichtung zum Prüfen von Schraubsystemen und Prüfverfahren dafür
PCT/EP2015/064760 WO2016001175A1 (fr) 2014-06-30 2015-06-29 Dispositif de test pour tester des systèmes à vis et procédé de test pour celui-ci

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3161445A1 true EP3161445A1 (fr) 2017-05-03
EP3161445B1 EP3161445B1 (fr) 2020-06-17

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EP15738006.4A Active EP3161445B1 (fr) 2014-06-30 2015-06-29 Dispositif de test pour tester des systèmes à vis et procédé de test pour celui-ci

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3161445B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN106662494B (fr)
DE (1) DE102014212656A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016001175A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107756185A (zh) * 2017-11-23 2018-03-06 江苏祥华科技有限公司 一种电表壳加工扭转测试一体装置
DE102017222230A1 (de) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-13 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Prüfadapter zum Prüfen der Befestigung eines Befestigungselements auf Torsionsfestigkeit sowie Prüfvorrichtung
CN109506916B (zh) * 2018-11-17 2021-03-26 深圳市朝日弹簧有限公司 一种弹簧检测装置
CN109490101B (zh) * 2018-12-20 2023-09-08 中国航空综合技术研究所 螺栓旋具槽扳拧性能试验装置及其试验方法
CN110346548A (zh) * 2019-08-13 2019-10-18 南京林业大学 杜仲胶改性沥青形状记忆性能的评价方法
CN113029562A (zh) * 2021-03-17 2021-06-25 中国航发动力股份有限公司 一种丝杠传动机构负载状态的检测方法及检测装置
DE102021126485B3 (de) 2021-10-13 2022-11-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Beurteilung einer Prüfvorrichtung zum Prüfen von Schraubwerkzeugen sowie eine Kontrollvorrichtung hierzu

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101468458B (zh) * 2007-12-27 2010-08-04 史丹利七和国际股份有限公司 具有控制单元的扭力扳手
CN100558512C (zh) * 2008-03-26 2009-11-11 戴冬军 一种电扳手
TWI448673B (zh) * 2010-08-03 2014-08-11 Kabo Tool Co 電子扭力扳手校正裝置及其應用方法
DE102011054964A1 (de) * 2011-10-31 2013-05-02 Georg Majorosi Vorrichtung zur vergleichenden Leistungsmessung von Impulsschraubern
CN103192342B (zh) * 2013-04-25 2015-04-15 宁波捷美进出口有限公司 一种电动工具用冲击机构
CN103411721B (zh) * 2013-07-26 2015-01-21 太仓中博铁路紧固件有限公司 一种螺栓扭矩检测装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3161445B1 (fr) 2020-06-17
CN106662494A (zh) 2017-05-10
WO2016001175A1 (fr) 2016-01-07
CN106662494B (zh) 2019-08-16
DE102014212656A1 (de) 2015-12-31

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