EP3154745B1 - Meule - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP3154745B1
EP3154745B1 EP15729392.9A EP15729392A EP3154745B1 EP 3154745 B1 EP3154745 B1 EP 3154745B1 EP 15729392 A EP15729392 A EP 15729392A EP 3154745 B1 EP3154745 B1 EP 3154745B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
grinding wheel
reinforcement
region
wheel according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15729392.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3154745A1 (fr
Inventor
Bettina Davids
Enrico Kaminsky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hermes Schleifmittel GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Hermes Schleifmittel GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Hermes Schleifmittel GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Hermes Schleifmittel GmbH and Co KG
Priority to PL15729392T priority Critical patent/PL3154745T3/pl
Publication of EP3154745A1 publication Critical patent/EP3154745A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3154745B1 publication Critical patent/EP3154745B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/02—Wheels in one piece
    • B24D5/04—Wheels in one piece with reinforcing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work
    • B24B5/04—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces externally
    • B24B5/045—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces externally with the grinding wheel axis perpendicular to the workpiece axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/06—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental
    • B24D5/08—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental with reinforcing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grinding wheel, with a grinding area acting in the circumferential direction, which has bound abrasive; and with reinforcing elements not participating in the grinding process according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Abrasive tools with a bonded abrasive have abrasives embedded in a binder, which form a compact body when combined.
  • the choice of the suitable grinding tool depends on the task on which the machining of the workpiece is based. In most cases, two processing effects are decisive: on the one hand, the material removal with the aim of geometric shaping and, on the other hand, the microstructure of the processed workpiece surface.
  • a geometrical shape is to be achieved in the majority of the machining tasks, while at the same time placing demands on the workpiece surface.
  • the criterion for the condition of the workpiece surface is usually the roughness depth R A. as well as the type and orientation of structural features.
  • a common application for such tools is the machining of cylindrical workpieces. This can take place between peaks but also without centers. In both cases, the peripheral side of the grinding wheel comes into engagement, the axis of the workpiece and the axis of the grinding wheel being parallel to one another. In order to machine the workpiece over the entire length, the grinding wheel travels in the axial direction and usually continuously in several cycles. As a result, a uniform processing image in the desired roughness depth can be achieved can be achieved, however, the surface shows a spiral surface pattern, also referred to as "swirl". This effect can impair the functionality of the workpiece.
  • DE 31 38 163 A1 discloses bonded grinding tools, according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular those for plunge grinding, for example for grooves.
  • US 3,482,355 discloses bonded abrasive tools that include an active grinding area and a non-grinding active area.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a grinding wheel of the type mentioned at the outset which is suitable for grinding with the peripheral side, in particular for surface structuring, and which allows the production of high-quality surfaces with little effort.
  • the invention thus relates to a grinding wheel with a grinding region acting in the circumferential direction and having bound abrasive; and with reinforcing elements not participating in the grinding process, wherein the reinforcing elements have at least one reinforcing disc arranged on the end face, which is designed to be free of abrasives and can be dressed, and wherein the at least one reinforcing disc extends over at least 80% of the end face of the grinding area and core area arranged underneath, characterized in that the The grinding area is annular and the core area has a greater hardness than the grinding area arranged radially on the outside.
  • the term grinding wheel denotes a grinding tool with a bonded abrasive which is designed for machining surfaces with a narrow side or peripheral side.
  • the grinding area is the volume area of the grinding wheel that contains or contains the bound abrasive.
  • Suitable abrasives that can be used in the context of the invention are, for example, silicon carbide, fused and sintered corundum. Very hard abrasives such as cubic boron nitride or diamond can also be used, but the special properties of these hard abrasives (high wear resistance) are generally not effective due to the relatively soft integration into the binder.
  • the grinding area acts in the circumferential direction. This means that it can be brought into contact with the surface to be machined on a narrow side or peripheral side of the grinding wheel.
  • the grinding wheel according to the invention is circular and suitable for clamping onto a rotary grinding machine, but is not limited to this.
  • the grinding wheel has reinforcing elements not participating in the grinding process. These elements increase the mechanical stability of the wheel and, in particular, reduce elastic or plastic deformation of the grinding wheel under the loads that occur during grinding, such as centrifugal forces or pressure loads. This often reduces the inherent tendency of the abrasives to deform under the stress of grinding.
  • the characterization of the reinforcing elements as not participating in the grinding process means that they do not come into engagement with the surface of the machined workpiece during normal grinding.
  • the reinforcing elements have at least one reinforcing disk arranged on the end face, which is designed to be dressing-free and without abrasives.
  • On the end face means that the at least one reinforcing disk is arranged on a surface of the grinding wheel that is not the grinding peripheral surface. In the case of a circular grinding wheel, such an end face is generally perpendicular to the intended axis of rotation.
  • the reinforcing disc is a flat element that serves to absorb and dissipate mechanical forces and is itself not designed to participate in the grinding process. Accordingly, it contains essentially no abrasive. This reinforcement washer is trained to be dressable. The meaning and the technical advantages of this feature are explained below.
  • a frequent area of application of grinding wheels acting with the peripheral side is the surface structuring of curved, for example cylindrical surfaces.
  • a prerequisite for this, however, is sufficient elasticity of the grinding area and a high contact pressure.
  • the grinding wheel can be deformed in the prior art, as a result of which there is no longer a positive fit with the workpiece.
  • the pressure and the associated deformation can lead to the formation of cracks and subsequently to the destruction of the grinding wheel.
  • a particular advantage of the present invention is that the dressable reinforcement disks enable comparable mechanical stabilization, but can be dressed together with the grinding area when dressing the grinding wheel. The dismantling / assembly of steel disks required in the prior art is eliminated.
  • Suitability for dressing processes means that the geometric shape and / or the sharpness can be restored using a conventional dressing tool.
  • dressing tools include embodiments with single diamonds or moldings set with diamonds, but also diamondless dressing tools with silicon carbide or corundum.
  • the reinforcement elements have two reinforcement disks arranged on the end face, which are designed to be dressing-free and non-abrasive. In this way, the more easily deformable grinding area is framed and reinforced from both ends.
  • the material of the reinforcement washers has a bending strength of at least 15 MPa, preferably at least 20 MPa, more preferably at least 25 MPa.
  • the Shore A hardness can preferably be over 100.
  • a suitable, dressable material for the reinforcement disks is in principle a material based on the same or comparable binder as used for the grinding area. This makes it easier to dress the grinding area and the reinforcement disks in one operation with the same tool.
  • Suitable binders can be, for example, polyurethanes, phenolic resins, glass or ceramic binders.
  • a filler can preferably be provided to set the desired mechanical properties and increase the strength. It can be known mineral fillers, preference is given to hollow bodies based on minerals (microspheres). According to the invention, the filler content can be, for example, between 10 and 60% by weight, more preferably 20 and 40% by weight. These upper and lower limits can be combined as desired in areas according to the invention.
  • the at least one reinforcement disk is connected to the grinding area in a planar manner. Connected across the surface means that this reinforcing disc is at least with a large area of more than 50%, but preferably over the entire area, a frictional connection with the grinding area, for example, is glued. This two-dimensional bond prevents the grinding wheel from being compressed towards the central axis, which results in reduced dimensional accuracy in the grinding zone. Such a flat connection is not possible in the prior art for the steel disks used, since these have to be dismantled for dressing and then reassembled.
  • the material of the grinding area preferably has a lower hardness than the material of the reinforcing disks. A Shore A hardness range from 20 to 97 is preferred, ranges from 20-90 or 70-85 are further preferred. When machining hardened, cylindrical metallic workpieces, for example, the hardness range from 70-85 can be useful.
  • the grinding area is ring-shaped and surrounds a hard core area.
  • hard means that this core area has a greater hardness than the grinding area arranged radially around it.
  • this core area can in particular absorb and derive the acceleration and centrifugal forces in the area of the bore.
  • the core area thus has the opening or hole which is used for connection to the grinding machine.
  • the core area can consist of the same or similar material as the reinforcing disks.
  • a grinding wheel according to the invention thus consists of four structural elements. It concerns the core area, the grinding area and two reinforcement disks.
  • the core absorbs the described forces and driving forces in the area of the bore.
  • the core region and the reinforcing disks it is also possible for the core region and the reinforcing disks to be formed in one piece or connected to one another in one piece.
  • the reinforcement disks extend over surface areas of the Extend grinding area and the core area and are thus connected to each other flat (or in one case in the case of the core area).
  • the combination of the reinforcement disks with both the grinding area and the core area enables effective force dissipation into the core area. This essentially prevents a radial change in shape of the grinding area.
  • the grinding wheel according to the invention also allows the use of particularly soft binders, such as may be required for grinding geometrically complicated workpieces.
  • the grinding area can largely adapt to the workpiece contour and is thereby stabilized against deformation and crack formation by the reinforcing disks.
  • higher working speeds can generally be achieved due to the improved strength. This improves the efficiency of the grinding process, but can also enable the creation of special, speed-dependent surface structures.
  • the at least one reinforcing disk extends over at least 80%, preferably at least 90% of the end face of the grinding area and / or core area arranged underneath. This large-area design of the reinforcement disks allows effective stabilization and shape maintenance of the grinding area.
  • the axial thickness of the at least one reinforcing disk is 10-30%, more preferably 15-25% of the total thickness of the grinding wheel.
  • Another object of the invention is the use of a grinding wheel according to the invention for surface processing.
  • Surface processing of workpieces preferably cylindrical workpieces and / or functional parts of machines, is preferred. It is preferably not a large-area machining of flat surfaces, but rather a comparatively small-part machining of curved surfaces, such as cylindrical surfaces.
  • the use for surface structuring is particularly preferred. Surface structuring means that there is no substantial change in shape of the surface in the sense of material removal, but only a desired surface structure is generated.
  • a grinding wheel according to the invention with the dimensions 300 mm (diameter) x 40 mm (width) x 76 mm (bore diameter) consists of the structural elements of the grinding area with an abrasive layer and a core area in the area of the bore, as well as two reinforcement disks on the side. These structural elements are first manufactured as cylindrical blanks of great length and then cut using a diamond cutting disc in such a way that precisely fitting, disc-shaped elements are obtained for further processing into a single tool.
  • Rencast FC52 ISO Isocyanate based on MDI, Huntsman Advanced Materials
  • Rencast FC52 poly Formated polyol, Huntsman Advanced Materials
  • SOPHERES SG-300 B Light filler, Omega Minerals Germany
  • RC major 110 Diphenylmethane diisocyanate, Bayer MaterialScience
  • Poly-G HQEE Crosslinker, hydroquinine di (beta-h) ester, CVH chemical sales
  • Diorez 770/02 Polyyester polyol, Azelis Switzerland Chemicals
  • Dabco TMR 2 Activator, quaternary ammonium salt, Air Products Chemicals
  • Tegostab B 8905 Teensid, CVH-Chemie-Vertrieb GmbH & Co.
  • Poly-G HQEE and Diorez 770/02 are mixed in a ratio of 4.76: 95.24 parts by mass and heated to 105 C 48 hours before use.
  • the SCG F 80 abrasive grain is preheated in the same way.
  • the pre-fabricated core area coated with adhesive (Aaraldit) is put into a preheated and mold-coated metal mold with the dimensions 310 mm (diameter), 155 mm (width) and 70 mm (bore diameter). The exact central positioning is carried out by means of a centering pin.
  • the mixture is poured in, the mold closed and heated in the oven to a temperature of 105 degrees for curing (20 minutes).
  • the reinforcement washers are made from the same material used to manufacture the core area has been. The description for processing is to be applied accordingly. Recipe ingredients: 2498 g Rencast FC52 ISO 2498 g Rencast FC52 poly 2505 g microspheres ISOPHERES SG-300 B 310 mm (Diameter) 120 mm (Width) 70 mm (Bore diameter)
  • the diameter of the cylindrical body obtained is reduced in a machining center to 307 mm by turning.
  • Disc-shaped segments with a width of 5.2 mm are cut in the same setting using a diamond cutting disc.
  • the individual structural elements are checked before further processing. Criteria are dimensions, weight, density, hardness and breaking strength (support disks). A visual inspection for damage such as cracks, pores or inhomogeneities is also carried out.
  • the reinforcement disks are glued to the core area one after the other, each of which is pressurized during the curing time.
  • the grinding wheel is machined to the desired dimension and the size by turning the end faces, the bore and the circumference to obtain the desired surface structure.
  • the peripheral profiling corresponding to the respective application is generated by dressing.
  • the final inspection includes tests for dimensional accuracy and imbalance as well as a test run at 1.2 times the maximum working speed of 40 m / s.
  • the grinding wheel according to the invention is shown schematically in the figure.
  • the reference number 1 shows the core area, which can be completely or partially penetrated by a hole for clamping on a grinding machine.
  • the reference number 2 denotes the grinding area. It can be seen that the circumference is concave in order to grind cylindrical workpieces there.
  • the reinforcement washers have the reference number 3.
  • the reinforcement disks 3 are made of dressable material, they can be dressed together with the grinding area 2 without further notice.
  • the grinding wheel is first made with a single-grain diamond CNC-controlled with a concave degree of coverage Ud> 4.
  • the grinding wheel and workpiece are arranged in relation to one another such that the spindle of the grinding machine is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece.
  • the grinding wheel correspondingly moves as a double stroke when machining the cylindrical workpiece in its axial direction.
  • the workpiece After each machining step, the workpiece is rotated by 30 degrees.
  • the workpiece After machining, the workpiece has a uniform, axially running surface structure with an average roughness Ra ⁇ 0.4 ⁇ m.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Meule, comprenant une région de meulage (2) agissant dans la direction périphérique, qui présente une matière abrasive liée ; et comprenant des éléments de renforcement (3) ne participant pas à l'opération de meulage, les éléments de renforcement présentant au moins un disque de renforcement (3) disposé du côté frontal, qui est réalisé sans matière abrasive et de manière à pouvoir être raboté, l'au moins un disque de renforcement (3) s'étendant sur au moins 80 % de la surface frontale de la région de meulage (2) disposée en dessous et de la région de noyau (1), caractérisée en ce que la région de meulage (2) est réalisée sous forme annulaire et la région de noyau (1) présente une plus grande dureté que la région de meulage (2) disposée autour de celle-ci radialement à l'extérieur.
  2. Meule selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les éléments de renforcement présentent deux disques de renforcement (3) disposés du côté frontal, qui sont réalisés sans matière abrasive et de manière à pouvoir être rabotés.
  3. Meule selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le matériau des disques de renforcement (3) présente une résistance à la rupture par flexion d'au moins 15 MPa, de préférence d'au moins 20 MPa, plus préférablement d'au moins 25 MPa.
  4. Meule selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que l'au moins un disque de renforcement (3) est connecté à plat à la région de meulage (2).
  5. Meule selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que l'au moins un disque de renforcement (3) présente un liant et des charges.
  6. Meule selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la proportion de charge des disques de renforcement (3) est de 10 à 60 % en poids, de préférence de 20 à 40 % en poids.
  7. Meule selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le matériau de la région de meulage (2) présente une dureté Shore A de 20 à 97.
  8. Meule selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que l'au moins un disque de renforcement (3) s'étend sur des régions de surface de la région de meulage (2) et de la région de noyau (1) et est à chaque fois connecté à plat à celles-ci.
  9. Meule selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que l'au moins un disque de renforcement (3) s'étend sur au moins 90 % de la surface frontale de la région de meulage (2) disposée en dessous et de la région de noyau (1).
  10. Meule selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que l'épaisseur axiale de l'au moins un disque de renforcement (3) est de 10 à 30 %, de préférence de 15 à 25 % de l'épaisseur totale de la meule.
  11. Utilisation d'une meule selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10 pour un traitement de surface.
  12. Utilisation selon la revendication 11 pour le traitement de surface de pièces, de préférence de pièces cylindriques et/ou de pièces fonctionnelles de machines.
  13. Utilisation selon la revendication 11 ou 12, pour la structuration de surface.
EP15729392.9A 2014-06-10 2015-06-08 Meule Active EP3154745B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL15729392T PL3154745T3 (pl) 2014-06-10 2015-06-08 Tarcza szlifierska

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14171842.9A EP2954981A1 (fr) 2014-06-10 2014-06-10 Meule
PCT/EP2015/062698 WO2015189145A1 (fr) 2014-06-10 2015-06-08 Meule

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3154745A1 EP3154745A1 (fr) 2017-04-19
EP3154745B1 true EP3154745B1 (fr) 2020-02-12

Family

ID=50897464

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14171842.9A Withdrawn EP2954981A1 (fr) 2014-06-10 2014-06-10 Meule
EP15729392.9A Active EP3154745B1 (fr) 2014-06-10 2015-06-08 Meule

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14171842.9A Withdrawn EP2954981A1 (fr) 2014-06-10 2014-06-10 Meule

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2954981A1 (fr)
HU (1) HUE048741T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL3154745T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015189145A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3482355A (en) * 1967-01-31 1969-12-09 Federal Mogul Corp Grinding wheel construction
DE3138163A1 (de) * 1981-09-25 1983-04-14 Guilleaume-Werk W. u. Dr. Ing. A. Guilleaume GmbH & Co KG, 5300 Bonn Schleifscheibe
AT378345B (de) * 1982-03-18 1985-07-25 Swarovski Tyrolit Schleif Schleifwerkzeug

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL3154745T3 (pl) 2020-06-15
EP2954981A1 (fr) 2015-12-16
HUE048741T2 (hu) 2020-08-28
EP3154745A1 (fr) 2017-04-19
WO2015189145A1 (fr) 2015-12-17

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