EP2954981A1 - Meule - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP2954981A1
EP2954981A1 EP14171842.9A EP14171842A EP2954981A1 EP 2954981 A1 EP2954981 A1 EP 2954981A1 EP 14171842 A EP14171842 A EP 14171842A EP 2954981 A1 EP2954981 A1 EP 2954981A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
grinding wheel
reinforcing
wheel according
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14171842.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bettina Davids
Enrico Kaminsky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hermes Schleifkoerper GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Hermes Schleifkoerper GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hermes Schleifkoerper GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Hermes Schleifkoerper GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP14171842.9A priority Critical patent/EP2954981A1/fr
Priority to EP15729392.9A priority patent/EP3154745B1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2015/062698 priority patent/WO2015189145A1/fr
Priority to HUE15729392A priority patent/HUE048741T2/hu
Priority to PL15729392T priority patent/PL3154745T3/pl
Publication of EP2954981A1 publication Critical patent/EP2954981A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/02—Wheels in one piece
    • B24D5/04—Wheels in one piece with reinforcing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work
    • B24B5/04—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces externally
    • B24B5/045—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces externally with the grinding wheel axis perpendicular to the workpiece axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/06—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental
    • B24D5/08—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental with reinforcing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grinding wheel having a circumferentially acting grinding area comprising bonded abrasive; and with not participating in the grinding process reinforcing elements.
  • Abrasive-bonded abrasive tools have abrasives embedded in a binder which together form a compact body.
  • the choice of suitable grinding tool depends on the task underlying the machining of the workpiece. In most cases, two machining effects are decisive: on the one hand, the removal of material with the aim of geometrical shaping and, on the other, the microstructure of the machined workpiece surface. In the majority of machining tasks, a geometric shape is to be achieved, while at the same time making demands on the workpiece surface.
  • the criterion for the condition of the workpiece surface is usually the surface roughness R A. and the nature and orientation of structural features.
  • a common application for such tools is the machining of cylindrical workpieces. This can be done both between tips, but also without a center. In both cases, the peripheral side of the grinding wheel comes into engagement, with the axis of the workpiece and the axis of the grinding wheel parallel to each other. In order to machine the workpiece over the entire length, the grinding wheel travels in the axial direction and this usually continuously in several cycles. Although this allows a uniform processing image in the desired roughness However, the surface shows a spiral surface pattern, also called "twist". This effect can affect the functionality of the workpiece, such. As in cylinders or racks that are part of a hydraulic system and procedures by seals. The achieved roughness depths are approx. R A ⁇ 0.8 mm.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a grinding wheel of the type mentioned, which is suitable for grinding with the peripheral side in particular for surface structuring and allows the production of surfaces of high quality with little effort.
  • the reinforcing elements have at least one front side arranged reinforcing disc, which is designed to be abrasive-free and dressable.
  • the term grinding wheel in the context of the invention designates a grinding tool with bonded abrasive, which is designed for machining surfaces with a narrow side or peripheral side.
  • the grinding area is that volume area of the grinding wheel that contains or contains the bonded abrasive.
  • Suitable and usable in the invention abrasives are, for example, silicon carbide, fused and sintered corundum.
  • Very hard abrasives such as cubic boron nitride or diamond can also be used, but the particular properties of these hard abrasives (high wear resistance) are generally not taken into account because of their relatively soft binding into the binder.
  • the grinding area acts in the circumferential direction. This means that it can be brought into contact with the surface to be machined on a narrow side or peripheral side of the grinding wheel.
  • the grinding wheel according to the invention is preferably circular and suitable for clamping on a rotary grinding machine, but is not limited thereto.
  • the grinding wheel has not on the grinding process participating reinforcing elements. These elements increase the mechanical stability of the disc and in particular reduce elastic or plastic deformation of the grinding wheel under the loads occurring during grinding, such as, for example, centrifugal forces or compressive loads. Thus, they tend to reduce the inherent tendency of the bonded abrasives to deform under the stress of grinding.
  • the characterization of the reinforcing elements as not participating in the grinding process means that they do not come into contact with the surface of the machined workpiece in a conventional grinding.
  • the reinforcing elements have at least one reinforcing disk arranged on the end face, which is designed to be free of abrasive material and dressable.
  • the front side means that the at least one reinforcing disk is arranged on a surface of the grinding wheel, which is not the grinding peripheral surface. In a circular grinding wheel such an end face is usually perpendicular to the intended rotation axis.
  • the reinforcing disk is a flat element which serves to absorb and dissipate mechanical forces and is itself not designed to participate in the grinding process. It therefore contains essentially no abrasive. This reinforcement disk is dressable trained. The meaning and technical advantages of this feature will be explained below.
  • a common area of use of grinding wheels acting on the peripheral side is the surface structuring of curved, for example cylindrical surfaces. Prerequisites for this, however, are a sufficient elasticity of the grinding area and a high contact pressure. In this case, in the prior art, the grinding wheel can be deformed, thereby the positive engagement with the workpiece is no longer given. On the other hand, the pressure and the associated deformation can lead to the formation of cracks and, as a consequence, to the destruction of the grinding wheel.
  • a particular advantage of the present invention is that the dressable trained reinforcing discs allow a comparable mechanical stabilization, but can be dressed together with the grinding area when dressing the grinding wheel. The necessary in the prior art disassembly / assembly of steel discs deleted.
  • Suitability for dressing processes is understood to mean that the geometric shape and / or the sharpness can be restored by means of a conventional dressing tool.
  • Dressing tools of this kind include embodiments with single diamonds or diamonds-occupied moldings, but also diamond-free dressing tools with silicon carbide or corundum.
  • the reinforcing elements it is particularly preferred for the reinforcing elements to have two reinforcing disks arranged on the front side, which are designed to be free of abrasives and dressable.
  • the more easily deformable grinding area is edged and reinforced in this way from both ends.
  • the material of the reinforcing discs has a transverse rupture strength of at least 15 MPa, preferably at least 20 MPa, more preferably at least 25 MPa.
  • the Shore A hardness may preferably be above 100.
  • dressable material for the reinforcing discs is basically a material based on a same or comparable binder as used for the grinding area in question. This makes it easier to machine the grinding area and the reinforcing disks in one operation with the same tool.
  • Suitable binders may be, for example, polyurethanes, phenolic resins, glass or ceramic binders.
  • a filler may be provided for adjusting the desired mechanical properties and increasing the strength. It may be known mineral fillers, preference is given to hollow bodies based on minerals (microspheres).
  • the filler content may according to the invention, for example, between 10 and 60 wt .-%, more preferably 20 and 40 wt .-% are. These upper and lower limits can be combined as desired to areas according to the invention.
  • the at least one reinforcing disk is connected to the grinding area in a planar manner.
  • Connected surface means that this reinforcing disk, at least with a large surface area of more than 50%, but preferably a full surface enters into a frictional connection with the grinding area, for example, is glued. This laminar bond prevents the grinding wheel from being compressed toward the central axis, resulting in reduced dimensional stability in the grinding zone.
  • Such a flat composite is not possible in the prior art in the steel discs used, since these must be dismantled for dressing and then re-assembled.
  • the material of the grinding region preferably has a lower hardness than the material of the reinforcing disks. Preferred is a range of Shore A hardness of 20 to 97, more preferred are ranges of 20-90 or 70-85, in the machining of hardened cylindrical metallic workpieces, for example, the hardness range of 70-85 may be useful.
  • the grinding area is annular and surrounds a hard core area.
  • hard means that this core region has a greater hardness than the grinding region arranged radially outside it.
  • this core region can absorb and divert in particular the acceleration and centrifugal forces in the region of the bore.
  • the core area thus has the opening or bore which serves for connection to the grinding machine.
  • the core region may according to the invention consist of a same or similar material as the reinforcing discs.
  • a grinding wheel according to the invention thus consists of four structural elements. It is the core area, the grinding area and two reinforcing discs.
  • the core absorbs the described forces and driving forces in the area of the bore.
  • the core region and the reinforcing discs are integrally formed or integrally connected to each other.
  • the reinforcing disks extend over surface areas of the Grinding area and the core area extend and thus each area (or in the case of the core area in one piece) are connected. The combination of the reinforcing discs with both the grinding area and the core area makes it possible to carry out an effective force dissipation into the core area.
  • a radial change in shape of the grinding area is thereby substantially prevented. Consequently, a significantly improved form fidelity of the engagement zone of the grinding area is achieved against pressure forces during the grinding process.
  • an elongation by centrifugal forces is significantly reduced.
  • this allows the use of a binder that tends to be harder with higher grinding performance. Because the grinding area is fixed flat to the reinforcing discs, the surface geometry of the grinding area tends to be maintained even under the pressure load of an application. Because of this better dimensional accuracy, the positive connection between the workpiece and the engagement zone of the grinding area is thus ensured even with a harder binder.
  • the grinding wheel according to the invention also permits the use of particularly soft binders, as may be required for grinding geometrically complicated workpieces.
  • the grinding area can largely adapt to the workpiece contour and is stabilized by the reinforcing discs against deformation and cracking.
  • the binder chosen generally higher working speeds can be achieved due to the improved strength. This improves the efficiency of the grinding process, but can also allow the creation of special speed-dependent surface structures.
  • the at least one reinforcing disk is further preferred for the at least one reinforcing disk to extend over at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, of the end face of the grinding area and / or core area arranged thereunder.
  • This large-area design of the reinforcing discs allows effective stabilization and shape retention of the grinding area.
  • the axial thickness of the at least one reinforcing disc preferably the common axial thickness of the two reinforcing discs, in a preferred embodiment is 10-30%, more preferably 15-25% of the total thickness of the grinding wheel.
  • Another object of the invention is the use of a grinding wheel according to the invention for surface treatment.
  • Preference is given to the surface treatment of workpieces, preferably cylindrical workpieces and / or functional parts of machines. It is preferably not a large-scale processing planer surfaces, but a comparatively small-scale machining curved such as cylindrical surfaces.
  • Particularly preferred is the use for surface structuring. Surface structuring means that no substantial change in the shape of the surface takes place in the sense of a material removal, but merely a desired surface structure is produced.
  • a grinding wheel according to the invention with the dimensions 300 mm (diameter) x 40 mm (width) x 76 mm (bore diameter) consists of the structural elements grinding area with an abrasive layer and a core area in the bore and two lateral reinforcing discs. These structural elements are first manufactured as cylindrical blanks of great length and then cut by means of a diamond cutting disc in such a way that precisely fitting, disc-shaped elements are obtained for further processing into a single tool.
  • Rencast FC52 ISO Isocyanate based on MDI, Huntsman Advanced Materials
  • Rencast FC52 Poly Formmulated Polyol, Huntsman Advanced Materials
  • Microspheres SOPHERES SG-300 B Lightweight filler, Omega Minerals Germany
  • 740 g of Rencast FC52 ISO, 740 g of Rencast FC52 poly and 762 g of ISOPHERES SG-300 B microspheres are homogeneously mixed with a stirrer and placed in a release-coated aluminum mold measuring 123 mm (diameter), 320 mm (length) and 70 mm (Bore diameter) poured. After a curing time of 30 minutes, the mass is formed and separated into two sections each with 155 mm. These are subsequently reduced by turning to an outer diameter of 120 mm and roughened in the subsequent operation for better bonding.
  • RC major 110 Diphenylmethanediisocyanate, Bayer MaterialScience
  • Poly-G HQEE Crosslinker, hydroquinine di (beta-h) ester, CVH chemistry. Distribution
  • Diorez 770/02 Polyyester polyol, Azelis Switzerland Chemicals
  • Dabco TMR 2 Activator, quartenary ammonium salt, Air Products Chemicals
  • Tegostab B 8905 Surfactant, CVH-Chemie-Vertrieb GmbH & Co. Hannover KG
  • Dipropylene glycol Araldit AW 116 Solvent, CVH-Chemie-Vertrieb
  • Poly-G HQEE and Diorez 770/02 are mixed in a ratio of 4.76: 95.24 parts by mass and heated to 105 C for 48 hours before use.
  • the abrasive grain SCG F 80 is preheated in the same way.
  • the mixture is poured in, the mold is sealed and heated in the oven to a temperature of 105 degrees to cure (20 minutes).
  • the mold is opened, the blank removed, clamped in a machining center and turned off the circumference to a dimension of 307 mm.
  • a disk-shaped part of a width of 30 mm is finally cut off by means of a diamond cutting wheel.
  • the production of the reinforcing discs is made of the material that also used for the production of the core area has been.
  • the description of the processing is to be applied correspondingly.
  • the diameter of the obtained cylindrical body is reduced in a machining center by turning to 307 mm.
  • clamping disc-shaped segments are cut by 5.2 mm width by means of a diamond cutting wheel.
  • Criteria are dimensions, weight, density, hardness and breaking strength (support disks). Furthermore, a visual inspection for damage such as cracks, pores or inhomogeneities.
  • the reinforcing discs are successively glued to the core area, which are each subjected to pressure during the curing time.
  • the grinding wheel is machined by turning the faces, the bore and the circumference to the desired degree and the to obtain desired surface structure. Finally, by dressing the corresponding profile purpose corresponding circumferential profiling is generated.
  • the final inspection includes tests for dimensional accuracy and imbalance as well as a test run with 1.2 times the maximum working speed of 40 m / s.
  • Reference number 1 shows the core area, which may be interspersed in whole or in part by a bore for clamping on a grinding machine.
  • the reference numeral 2 indicates the grinding area. It can be seen that this is concavely curved on the circumference in order to be able to grind cylindrical workpieces there.
  • the reinforcing discs have the reference numeral 3.
  • the reinforcing discs 3 are made of dressable material, they can easily be dressed together with the grinding area 2.
  • Cylinder made of 100Cr6, diameter 26 mm, length 1200 mm Pre-processed by grinding with a bonded grinding wheel of grain F80. Rz 2.0 - 3.0 ⁇ m Oversize ⁇ 0.01 mm
  • the grinding wheel we first with a Einkorndiamanten CNC-profiled with an overlap degree Ud> 4 concave profiled.
  • Grinding wheel and workpiece are arranged to each other such that the spindle of the grinding machine behaves perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece. Accordingly, the grinding wheel moves during the machining of the cylindrical workpiece in its axial direction in each case as a double stroke.
  • the workpiece is rotated by 30 degrees.
  • the workpiece After machining, the workpiece has a uniform, axially extending surface structure with a mean roughness Ra ⁇ 0.4 ⁇ m.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
EP14171842.9A 2014-06-10 2014-06-10 Meule Withdrawn EP2954981A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14171842.9A EP2954981A1 (fr) 2014-06-10 2014-06-10 Meule
EP15729392.9A EP3154745B1 (fr) 2014-06-10 2015-06-08 Meule
PCT/EP2015/062698 WO2015189145A1 (fr) 2014-06-10 2015-06-08 Meule
HUE15729392A HUE048741T2 (hu) 2014-06-10 2015-06-08 Csiszolókorong
PL15729392T PL3154745T3 (pl) 2014-06-10 2015-06-08 Tarcza szlifierska

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14171842.9A EP2954981A1 (fr) 2014-06-10 2014-06-10 Meule

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2954981A1 true EP2954981A1 (fr) 2015-12-16

Family

ID=50897464

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14171842.9A Withdrawn EP2954981A1 (fr) 2014-06-10 2014-06-10 Meule
EP15729392.9A Active EP3154745B1 (fr) 2014-06-10 2015-06-08 Meule

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15729392.9A Active EP3154745B1 (fr) 2014-06-10 2015-06-08 Meule

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2954981A1 (fr)
HU (1) HUE048741T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL3154745T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015189145A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3482355A (en) * 1967-01-31 1969-12-09 Federal Mogul Corp Grinding wheel construction
DE3138163A1 (de) * 1981-09-25 1983-04-14 Guilleaume-Werk W. u. Dr. Ing. A. Guilleaume GmbH & Co KG, 5300 Bonn Schleifscheibe
AT378345B (de) * 1982-03-18 1985-07-25 Swarovski Tyrolit Schleif Schleifwerkzeug

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3482355A (en) * 1967-01-31 1969-12-09 Federal Mogul Corp Grinding wheel construction
DE3138163A1 (de) * 1981-09-25 1983-04-14 Guilleaume-Werk W. u. Dr. Ing. A. Guilleaume GmbH & Co KG, 5300 Bonn Schleifscheibe
AT378345B (de) * 1982-03-18 1985-07-25 Swarovski Tyrolit Schleif Schleifwerkzeug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3154745B1 (fr) 2020-02-12
PL3154745T3 (pl) 2020-06-15
HUE048741T2 (hu) 2020-08-28
WO2015189145A1 (fr) 2015-12-17
EP3154745A1 (fr) 2017-04-19

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