EP3154214A1 - Transmission de signaux srs améliorée pour une opération mimo dans un système lte-a - Google Patents

Transmission de signaux srs améliorée pour une opération mimo dans un système lte-a Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3154214A1
EP3154214A1 EP16198443.0A EP16198443A EP3154214A1 EP 3154214 A1 EP3154214 A1 EP 3154214A1 EP 16198443 A EP16198443 A EP 16198443A EP 3154214 A1 EP3154214 A1 EP 3154214A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
srs
vector
precoded
precoded srs
enb
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EP16198443.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3154214B1 (fr
Inventor
Wanshi Chen
Peter Gaal
Hao Xu
Yongbin Wei
Stefan Geirhofer
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Qualcomm Inc
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Qualcomm Inc
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Priority to EP19193430.6A priority Critical patent/EP3591886A1/fr
Publication of EP3154214A1 publication Critical patent/EP3154214A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3154214B1 publication Critical patent/EP3154214B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0404—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas the mobile station comprising multiple antennas, e.g. to provide uplink diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
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    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H04B7/046—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account
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    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
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    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
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    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0684—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission using different training sequences per antenna
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    • H04B7/0697—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using spatial multiplexing
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    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
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    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
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    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H04L5/0051—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/0073—Allocation arrangements that take into account other cell interferences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
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    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0602—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using antenna switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
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    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
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    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0802—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection

Definitions

  • aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to enhanced sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission for multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) operation in Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A).
  • SRS sounding reference signal
  • MIMO multiple input, multiple output
  • Wireless communication networks are widely deployed to provide various communication services such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and the like. These wireless networks may be multiple-access networks capable of supporting multiple users by sharing the available network resources. Such networks, which are usually multiple access networks, support communications for multiple users by sharing the available network resources.
  • UTRAN Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
  • the UTRAN is the radio access network (RAN) defined as a part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), a third generation (3G) mobile phone technology supported by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • multiple-access network formats include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) networks, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) networks, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) networks, Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) networks, and Single-Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) networks.
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • OFDMA Orthogonal FDMA
  • SC-FDMA Single-Carrier FDMA
  • a wireless communication network may include a number of base stations or node Bs that can support communication for a number of user equipments (UEs).
  • a UE may communicate with a base station via downlink and uplink.
  • the downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the base station to the UE
  • the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the base station.
  • a base station may transmit data and control information on the downlink to a UE and/or may receive data and control information on the uplink from the UE.
  • a transmission from the base station may encounter interference due to transmissions from neighbor base stations or from other wireless radio frequency (RF) transmitters.
  • RF radio frequency
  • a transmission from the UE may encounter interference from uplink transmissions of other UEs communicating with the neighbor base stations or from other wireless RF transmitters. This interference may degrade performance on both the downlink and uplink.
  • a method of wireless communication that includes detecting, at a mobile device, an observed interference level for each one of a plurality of receiver chains of the mobile device, in response to detecting an imbalance in the observed interference level for the plurality of receiver chains, precoding a sounding reference signal (SRS) to indicate the imbalance, and transmitting the precoded SRS.
  • SRS sounding reference signal
  • a method of wireless communication that includes determining, by a base station, a precoded SRS vector for one or more UE, wherein the determined precoded SRS vector includes either determining the precoded SRS vector on a per UE basis, enabling the precoded SRS vector for either one or both of a frequency division duplex (FDD) system or a time division duplex (TDD) system, or enabling the precoded SRS vector for aperiodic SRS only, and transmitting the determined precoded SRS vector from the base station to at least one of the one or more UEs.
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • a method of wireless communication that includes determining, at a mobile device, a density of SRS transmissions and transmitting SRS by the mobile device based at least in part on the determined density.
  • a method of wireless communication that includes determining, at a base station, a density of SRS transmissions for a UE, indicating the density of SRS transmissions to the UE, and receiving, at the base station, the SRS transmissions from the UE.
  • an apparatus configured for wireless communication that includes means for detecting, at a mobile device, an observed interference level for each one of a plurality of receiver chains of the mobile device, means, executable in response to detecting an imbalance in the observed interference level for the plurality of receiver chains, for precoding a SRS to indicate the imbalance, and means for transmitting the precoded SRS.
  • an apparatus configured for wireless communication that includes means for determining, by a base station, a precoded SRS vector for one or more UEs, wherein the determined precoded SRS vector includes either means for determining the precoded SRS vector on a per UE basis, means for enabling the precoded SRS vector for either one or both of a FDD system or a TDD system, or means for enabling the precoded SRS vector for aperiodic SRS only, and means for transmitting the determined precoded SRS vector from the base station to at least one of the one or more UEs.
  • an apparatus configured for wireless communication that includes means for determining, at a mobile device, a density of SRS transmissions, and means for transmitting SRS by the mobile device based at least in part on the determined density.
  • an apparatus configured for wireless communication that includes means for determining, at a base station, a density of SRS transmissions for a UE, means for indicating the density of SRS transmissions to the UE, and means for receiving, at the base station, the SRS transmissions from the UE.
  • a computer program product for wireless communications in a wireless network having a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon.
  • the program code includes code for causing at least one computer to detect, at a mobile device, an observed interference level for each one of a plurality of receiver chains of the mobile device, code, executable in response to detecting an imbalance in the observed interference level for the plurality of receiver chains, for causing at least one computer to precode a SRS to indicate the imbalance, and code to transmit the precoded SRS.
  • a computer program product for wireless communications in a wireless network having a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon.
  • the program code includes code for causing at least one computer to determine, by a base station, a precoded SRS vector for one or more UEs, wherein the determined precoded SRS vector includes either code for causing at least one computer to determine the precoded SRS vector on a per UE basis, code for causing at least one computer to enable the precoded SRS vector for either one or both of a FDD systems or a TDD system, or code for causing at least one computer to enable the precoded SRS vector for aperiodic SRS only.
  • the program code also includes code for causing at least one computer to transmit the determined precoded SRS vector from the base station to at least one of the one or more UEs.
  • a computer program product for wireless communications in a wireless network having a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon.
  • the program code includes code for causing at least one computer to determine, at a mobile device, a density of SRS transmissions and code for causing at least one computer to transmit SRS by the mobile device based at least in part on the determined density.
  • a computer program product for wireless communications in a wireless network having a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon.
  • the program code includes code for causing at least one computer to determine, at a base station, a density of SRS transmissions for a UE, code for causing at least one computer to indicate the density of SRS transmissions to the UE, and code for causing at least one computer to receive, at the base station, the SRS transmissions from the UE.
  • an apparatus configured for wireless communication that includes at least one processor and a memory coupled to the processor.
  • the processor is configured to detect, at a mobile device, an observed interference level for each one of a plurality of receiver chains of the mobile device, to precode a SRS to indicate the imbalance in response to detecting an imbalance in the observed interference level for the plurality of receiver chains, and to transmit the precoded SRS.
  • an apparatus configured for wireless communication that includes at least one processor and a memory coupled to the processor.
  • the processor is configured to determine, by a base station, a precoded SRS vector for one or more UEs, wherein the determined precoded SRS vector includes configuration of the processor either to determine the precoded SRS vector on a per UE basis, to enable the precoded SRS vector for one or both of a FDD system or a TDD system, or to enable the precoded SRS vector for aperiodic SRS only.
  • the processor is further configured to transmit the determined precoded SRS vector from the base station to at least one of the one or more UEs.
  • an apparatus configured for wireless communication that includes at least one processor and a memory coupled to the processor.
  • the processor is configured to determine, at a mobile device, a density of SRS transmissions and to transmit SRS by the mobile device based at least in part on the determined density.
  • an apparatus configured for wireless communication that includes at least one processor and a memory coupled to the processor.
  • the processor is configured to determine, at a base station, a density of SRS transmissions for a UE, to indicate the density of SRS transmissions to the UE, and to receive, at the base station, the SRS transmissions from the UE.
  • a CDMA network may implement a radio technology, such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), Telecommunications Industry Association's (TIA's) CDMA2000®, and the like.
  • UTRA Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
  • TIA's Telecommunications Industry Association's
  • the UTRA technology includes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA.
  • WCDMA Wideband CDMA
  • the CDMA2000® technology includes the IS-2000, IS-95 and IS-856 standards from the Electronics Industry Alliance (EIA) and TIA.
  • a TDMA network may implement a radio technology, such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM).
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • An OFDMA network may implement a radio technology, such as Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDMA, and the like.
  • E-UTRA Evolved UTRA
  • UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband
  • Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11
  • WiMAX IEEE 802.16
  • Flash-OFDMA Flash-OFDMA
  • the UTRA and E-UTRA technologies are part of Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS).
  • 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) are newer releases of the UMTS that use E-UTRA.
  • UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A and GSM are described in documents from an organization called the "3rd Generation Partnership Project" (3GPP).
  • CDMA2000® and UMB are described in documents from an organization called the “3rd Generation Partnership Project 2" (3GPP2).
  • 3GPP2 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2
  • the techniques described herein may be used for the wireless networks and radio access technologies mentioned above, as well as other wireless networks and radio access technologies.
  • LTE or LTE-A (together referred to in the alternative as "LTE/-A”) and use such LTE/-A terminology in much of the description below.
  • FIG. 1 shows a wireless network 100 for communication, which may be an LTE-A network.
  • the wireless network 100 includes a number of evolved node Bs (eNBs) 110 and other network entities.
  • An eNB may be a station that communicates with the UEs and may also be referred to as a base station, a node B, an access point, and the like.
  • Each eNB may also communicate with each other for interference coordination or other such network management procedures over backhaul connections 134 and 136.
  • Each eNB 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area.
  • the term "cell" can refer to this particular geographic coverage area of an eNB and/or an eNB subsystem serving the coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.
  • An eNB may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and/or other types of cell.
  • a macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions with the network provider.
  • a pico cell would generally cover a relatively smaller geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions with the network provider.
  • a femto cell would also generally cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and, in addition to unrestricted access, may also provide restricted access by UEs having an association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG), UEs for users in the home, and the like).
  • An eNB for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro eNB.
  • An eNB for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico eNB.
  • an eNB for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto eNB or a home eNB.
  • a femto eNB or a home eNB.
  • the eNBs 110a, 110b and 110c are macro eNBs for the macro cells 102a, 102b and 102c, respectively.
  • the eNB 110x is a pico eNB for a pico cell 102x.
  • the eNBs 110y and 110z are femto eNBs for the femto cells 102y and 102z, respectively.
  • An eNB may support one or multiple (e.g., two, three, four, and the like) cells.
  • the wireless network 100 also includes relay stations.
  • a relay station is a station that receives a transmission of data and/or other information from an upstream station (e.g., an eNB, a UE, or the like) and sends a transmission of the data and/or other information to a downstream station (e.g., another UE, another eNB, or the like).
  • a relay station may also be a UE that relays transmissions for other UEs.
  • a relay station 110r may communicate with the eNB 110a and a UE 120r, in which the relay station 110r acts as a relay between the two network elements (the eNB 110a and the UE 120r) in order to facilitate communication between them.
  • a relay station may also be referred to as a relay eNB, a relay, and the like.
  • the wireless network 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation.
  • the eNBs may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different eNBs may be approximately aligned in time.
  • the eNBs may have different frame timing, and transmissions from different eNBs may not be aligned in time.
  • the UEs 120 are dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile.
  • a UE may also be referred to as a terminal, a mobile station, a subscriber unit, a station, or the like.
  • a UE may be a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, or the like.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • a UE may be able to communicate with macro eNBs, pico eNBs, femto eNBs, relays, and the like.
  • a solid line with double arrows indicates desired transmissions between a UE and a serving eNB, which is an eNB designated to serve the UE on the downlink and/or uplink.
  • a dashed line with double arrows indicates interfering transmissions between a UE and an eNB.
  • LTE/-A utilizes orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) on the downlink and single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) on the uplink.
  • OFDM and SC-FDM partition the system bandwidth into multiple (K) orthogonal subcarriers, which are also commonly referred to as tones, bins, or the like.
  • K orthogonal subcarriers
  • Each subcarrier may be modulated with data.
  • modulation symbols are sent in the frequency domain with OFDM and in the time domain with SC-FDM.
  • the spacing between adjacent subcarriers may be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers (K) may be dependent on the system bandwidth.
  • K may be equal to 72, 180, 300, 600, 900, and 1200 for a corresponding system bandwidth of 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, or 20 megahertz (MHz), respectively.
  • the system bandwidth may also be partitioned into sub-bands.
  • a sub-band may cover 1.08 MHz, and there may be 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 sub-bands for a corresponding system bandwidth of 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, or 20MHz, respectively.
  • FIG. 2 shows a downlink frame structure used in LTE/-A.
  • the transmission timeline for the downlink may be partitioned into units of radio frames.
  • Each radio frame may have a predetermined duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)) and may be partitioned into 10 subframes with indices of 0 through 9.
  • Each subframe may include two slots.
  • Each radio frame may thus include 20 slots with indices of 0 through 19.
  • Each slot may include L symbol periods, e.g., 7 symbol periods for a normal cyclic prefix (as shown in FIG. 2 ) or 6 symbol periods for an extended cyclic prefix.
  • the 2L symbol periods in each subframe may be assigned indices of 0 through 2L-1.
  • the available time frequency resources may be partitioned into resource blocks.
  • Each resource block may cover N subcarriers (e.g., 12 subcarriers) in one slot.
  • an eNB may send a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) for each cell in the eNB.
  • PSS primary synchronization signal
  • SSS secondary synchronization signal
  • the primary and secondary synchronization signals may be sent in symbol periods 6 and 5, respectively, in each of subframes 0 and 5 of each radio frame with the normal cyclic prefix, as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the synchronization signals may be used by UEs for cell detection and acquisition.
  • the eNB may send a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) in symbol periods 0 to 3 in slot 1 of subframe 0.
  • PBCH may carry certain system information.
  • the eNB may send a Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) in the first symbol period of each subframe, as seen in FIG. 2 .
  • the eNB may send a Physical HARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH) and a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) in the first M symbol periods of each subframe.
  • the PDCCH and PHICH are also included in the first three symbol periods in the example shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the PHICH may carry information to support hybrid automatic retransmission (HARQ).
  • the PDCCH may carry information on resource allocation for UEs and control information for downlink channels.
  • the eNB may send a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) in the remaining symbol periods of each subframe.
  • the PDSCH may carry data for UEs scheduled for data transmission on the downlink.
  • the LTE-A may also transmit these control-oriented channels in the data portions of each subframe as well.
  • these new control designs utilizing the data region, e.g., the Relay-Physical Downlink Control Channel (R-PDCCH) and Relay-Physical HARQ Indicator Channel (R-PHICH) are included in the later symbol periods of each subframe.
  • the R-PDCCH is a new type of control channel utilizing the data region originally developed in the context of half-duplex relay operation.
  • R-PDCCH and R-PHICH are mapped to resource elements (REs) originally designated as the data region.
  • the new control channel may be in the form of Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), or a combination of FDM and TDM.
  • the eNB may send the PSS, SSS and PBCH in the center 1.08 MHz of the system bandwidth used by the eNB.
  • the eNB may send the PCFICH and PHICH across the entire system bandwidth in each symbol period in which these channels are sent.
  • the eNB may send the PDCCH to groups of UEs in certain portions of the system bandwidth.
  • the eNB may send the PDSCH to specific UEs in specific portions of the system bandwidth.
  • the eNB may send the PSS, SSS, PBCH, PCFICH and PHICH in a broadcast manner to all UEs, may send the PDCCH in a unicast manner to specific UEs, and may also send the PDSCH in a unicast manner to specific UEs.
  • a number of resource elements may be available in each symbol period. Each resource element may cover one subcarrier in one symbol period and may be used to send one modulation symbol, which may be a real or complex value. Resource elements not used for a reference signal in each symbol period may be arranged into resource element groups (REGs). Each REG may include four resource elements in one symbol period.
  • the PCFICH may occupy four REGs, which may be spaced approximately equally across frequency, in symbol period 0.
  • the PHICH may occupy three REGs, which may be spread across frequency, in one or more configurable symbol periods. For example, the three REGs for the PHICH may all belong in symbol period 0 or may be spread in symbol periods 0, 1 and 2.
  • the PDCCH may occupy 9, 18, 32 or 64 REGs, which may be selected from the available REGs, in the first M symbol periods. Only certain combinations of REGs may be allowed for the PDCCH.
  • a UE may know the specific REGs used for the PHICH and the PCFICH.
  • the UE may search different combinations of REGs for the PDCCH.
  • the number of combinations to search is typically less than the number of allowed combinations for the PDCCH.
  • An eNB may send the PDCCH to the UE in any of the combinations that the UE will search.
  • a UE may be within the coverage of multiple eNBs.
  • One of these eNBs may be selected to serve the UE.
  • the serving eNB may be selected based on various criteria such as received power, path loss, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), etc.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary frame structure 300 in uplink long term evolution (LTE/-A) communications.
  • the available resource blocks (RBs) for the uplink may be partitioned into a data section and a control section.
  • the control section may be formed at the two edges of the system bandwidth and may have a configurable size.
  • the resource blocks in the control section may be assigned to UEs for transmission of control information.
  • the data section may include all resource blocks not included in the control section.
  • the design in FIG. 3 results in the data section including contiguous subcarriers, which may allow a single UE to be assigned all of the contiguous subcarriers in the data section.
  • a UE may be assigned resource blocks in the control section to transmit control information to an eNB.
  • the UE may also be assigned resource blocks in the data section to transmit data to the eNode B.
  • the UE may transmit control information in a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) on the assigned resource blocks 310a and 310b in the control section.
  • the UE may transmit only data or both data and control information in a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) on the assigned resource blocks 320a and 320b in the data section.
  • An uplink transmission may span both slots of a subframe and may hop across frequency as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the wireless network 100 uses the diverse set of eNBs 110 (i.e., macro eNBs, pico eNBs, femto eNBs, and relays) to improve the spectral efficiency of the system per unit area. Because the wireless network 100 uses such different eNBs for its spectral coverage, it may also be referred to as a heterogeneous network.
  • the macro eNBs 110a-c are usually carefully planned and placed by the provider of the wireless network 100.
  • the macro eNBs 110a-c generally transmit at high power levels (e.g., 5 W - 40 W).
  • the pico eNB 110x and the relay station 110r which generally transmit at substantially lower power levels (e.g., 100 mW - 2 W), may be deployed in a relatively unplanned manner to eliminate coverage holes in the coverage area provided by the macro eNBs 110a-c and improve capacity in the hot spots.
  • the femto eNBs 110y-z which are typically deployed independently from the wireless network 100 may, nonetheless, be incorporated into the coverage area of the wireless network 100 either as a potential access point to the wireless network 100, if authorized by their administrator(s), or at least as an active and aware eNB that may communicate with the other eNBs 110 of the wireless network 100 to perform resource coordination and coordination of interference management.
  • the femto eNBs 110y-z typically also transmit at substantially lower power levels (e.g., 100 mW - 2 W) than the macro eNBs 110a-c.
  • each UE In operation of a heterogeneous network, such as the wireless network 100, each UE is usually served by the eNB 110 with the better signal quality, while the unwanted signals received from the other eNBs 110 are treated as interference. While such operational principals can lead to significantly sub-optimal performance, gains in network performance are realized in the wireless network 100 by using intelligent resource coordination among the eNBs 110, better server selection strategies, and more advanced techniques for efficient interference management.
  • a pico eNB such as the pico eNB 110x, is characterized by a substantially lower transmit power when compared with a macro eNB, such as the macro eNBs 110a-c.
  • a pico eNB will also usually be placed around a network, such as the wireless network 100, in an ad hoc manner. Because of this unplanned deployment, wireless networks with pico eNB placements, such as the wireless network 100, can be expected to have large areas with low signal to interference conditions, which can make for a more challenging RF environment for control channel transmissions to UEs on the edge of a coverage area or cell (a "cell-edge" UE).
  • the potentially large disparity (e.g., approximately 20 dB) between the transmit power levels of the macro eNBs 110a-c and the pico eNB 110x implies that, in a mixed deployment, the downlink coverage area of the pico eNB 110x will be much smaller than that of the macro eNBs 110a-c.
  • the signal strength of the uplink signal is governed by the UE, and, thus, will be similar when received by any type of the eNBs 110.
  • uplink handoff boundaries will be determined based on channel gains. This can lead to a mismatch between downlink handover boundaries and uplink handover boundaries. Without additional network accommodations, the mismatch would make the server selection or the association of UE to eNB more difficult in the wireless network 100 than in a macro eNB-only homogeneous network, where the downlink and uplink handover boundaries are more closely matched.
  • the usefulness of mixed eNB deployment of heterogeneous networks will be greatly diminished.
  • the larger coverage area of the higher powered macro eNBs, such as the macro eNBs 110a-c limits the benefits of splitting the cell coverage with the pico eNBs, such as the pico eNB 110x, because, the higher downlink received signal strength of the macro eNBs 110a-c will attract all of the available UEs, while the pico eNB 110x may not be serving any UE because of its much weaker downlink transmission power.
  • the macro eNBs 110a-c will likely not have sufficient resources to efficiently serve those UEs. Therefore, the wireless network 100 will attempt to actively balance the load between the macro eNBs 110a-c and the pico eNB 110x by expanding the coverage area of the pico eNB 110x. This concept is referred to as cell range extension (CRE).
  • CRE cell range extension
  • the wireless network 100 achieves CRE by changing the manner in which server selection is determined. Instead of basing server selection on downlink received signal strength, selection is based more on the quality of the downlink signal. In one such quality-based determination, server selection may be based on determining the eNB that offers the minimum path loss to the UE. Additionally, the wireless network 100 provides a fixed partitioning of resources between the macro eNBs 110a-c and the pico eNB 110x. However, even with this active balancing of load, downlink interference from the macro eNBs 110a-c should be mitigated for the UEs served by the pico eNBs, such as the pico eNB 110x. This can be accomplished by various methods, including interference cancellation at the UE, resource coordination among the eNBs 110, or the like.
  • the pico eNB 110x engages in control channel and data channel interference coordination with the dominant interfering ones of the macro eNBs 110a-c.
  • Many different techniques for interference coordination may be employed to manage interference. For example, inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) may be used to reduce interference from cells in co-channel deployment.
  • ICIC inter-cell interference coordination
  • One ICIC mechanism is adaptive resource partitioning. Adaptive resource partitioning assigns subframes to certain eNBs. In subframes assigned to a first eNB, neighbor eNBs do not transmit. Thus, interference experienced by a UE served by the first eNB is reduced. Subframe assignment may be performed on both the uplink and downlink channels.
  • subframes may be allocated between three classes of subframes:
  • At least one protected subframe is statically assigned per period. In some cases only one protected subframe is statically assigned. For example, if a period is 8 milliseconds, one protected subframe may be statically assigned to an eNB during every 8 milliseconds. Other subframes may be dynamically allocated.
  • Adaptive resource partitioning information allows the non-statically assigned subframes to be dynamically allocated. Any of protected, prohibited, or common subframes may be dynamically allocated (AU, AN, AC subframes, respectively).
  • the dynamic assignments may change quickly, such as, for example, every one hundred milliseconds or less.
  • Heterogeneous networks may have eNBs of different power classes. For example, three power classes may be defined, in decreasing power class, as macro eNBs, pico eNBs, and femto eNBs.
  • macro eNBs, pico eNBs, and femto eNBs are in a co-channel deployment, the power spectral density (PSD) of the macro eNB (aggressor eNB) may be larger than the PSD of the pico eNB and the femto eNB (victim eNBs) creating large amounts of interference with the pico eNB and the femto eNB.
  • PSD power spectral density
  • Protected subframes may be used to reduce or minimize interference with the pico eNBs and femto eNBs. That is, a protected subframe may be scheduled for the victim eNB to correspond with a prohibited subframe on the aggressor eNB.
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a design of a base station/eNB 110 and a UE 120, which may be one of the base stations/eNBs and one of the UEs in FIG. 1 .
  • the eNB 110 may be the macro eNB 110c in FIG. 1
  • the UE 120 may be the UE 120y.
  • the eNB 110 may also be a base station of some other type.
  • the eNB 110 may be equipped with antennas 434a through 434t, and the UE 120 may be equipped with antennas 452a through 452r.
  • a transmit processor 420 may receive data from a data source 412 and control information from a controller/processor 440.
  • the control information may be for the PBCH, PCFICH, PHICH, PDCCH, etc.
  • the data may be for the PDSCH, etc.
  • the transmit processor 420 may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively.
  • the transmit processor 420 may also generate reference symbols, e.g., for the PSS, SSS, and cell-specific reference signal.
  • a transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 430 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide output symbol streams to the modulators (MODs) 432a through 432t.
  • Each modulator 432 may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream.
  • Each modulator 432 may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal.
  • Downlink signals from modulators 432a through 432t may be transmitted via the antennas 434a through 434t, respectively.
  • the antennas 452a through 452r may receive the downlink signals from the eNB 110 and may provide received signals to the demodulators (DEMODs) 454a through 454r, respectively.
  • Each demodulator 454 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a respective received signal to obtain input samples.
  • Each demodulator 454 may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols.
  • a MIMO detector 456 may obtain received symbols from all the demodulators 454a through 454r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols.
  • a receive processor 458 may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE 120 to a data sink 460, and provide decoded control information to a controller/processor 480.
  • a transmit processor 464 may receive and process data (e.g., for the PUSCH) from a data source 462 and control information (e.g., for the PUCCH) from the controller/processor 480.
  • the transmit processor 464 may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal.
  • the symbols from the transmit processor 464 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 466 if applicable, further processed by the demodulators 454a through 454r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.), and transmitted to the eNB 110.
  • the uplink signals from the UE 120 may be received by the antennas 434, processed by the modulators 432, detected by a MIMO detector 436 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 438 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 120.
  • the processor 438 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 439 and the decoded control information to the controller/processor 440.
  • the controllers/processors 440 and 480 may direct the operation at the eNB 110 and the UE 120, respectively.
  • the controller/processor 440 and/or other processors and modules at the eNB 110 may perform or direct the execution of various processes for the techniques described herein.
  • the controllers/processor 480 and/or other processors and modules at the UE 120 may also perform or direct the execution of the functional blocks illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7 , and/or other processes for the techniques described herein.
  • the memories 442 and 482 may store data and program codes for the eNB 110 and the UE 120, respectively.
  • a scheduler 444 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and/or uplink.
  • Sounding Reference Signals are used for a variety of functions, including uplink link adaptation, downlink scheduling under channel reciprocity (especially for TDD systems), coordinated multi-point (CoMP) operation, and the like.
  • SRS may be used for uplink power control, subband scheduling and timing tracking, as well as adaptive uplink antenna switching.
  • SRS may also be used in beamforming.
  • SRS is generally tied with a physical cell identifier (ID) common to all UEs in a given cell.
  • ID physical cell identifier
  • SRS configurations There are generally two types of SRS configurations: cell-specific configurations and UE-specific configurations.
  • cell-specific configurations a cell may allow SRS transmissions from one or more UEs at various rates, up to SRS transmissions in every uplink subframe.
  • cell-specific SRS bandwidth will cover most of the uplink system bandwidth, excluding the PUCCH region.
  • SRS transmission instances within cell-specific SRS transmission instances, transmit on a bandwidth as small as 4 RBs.
  • the UE-specific configurations may use various techniques for transmitting a UE-specific SRS within the cell-specific SRS transmission, such as, cyclic shift, comb (0 or 1) (which identifies the particular carriers within each resource block on which the SRS will be transmitted), frequency starting position, hopping patterns, the number of antenna port(s) for transmission, and the like.
  • SRS hopping may be enabled to allow cyclically sounding the entire or a fraction of the cell-specific SRS bandwidth.
  • Transmission of SRS may be both periodic and aperiodic. Both periodic and aperiodic SRS are transmitted by the UE in UE-specific periodic SRS subframes, which are a subset of cell-specific SRS subframes. Periodic SRS provide a certain set of information to be transmitted by the UE on a periodic basis. Once configured, UEs will continue to transmit such SRS until being de-configured or changed by some signal, such as an RRC signal. Aperiodic SRS may be triggered in a more dynamic manner and may include additional information that is useful for base station analysis. Aperiodic SRS are currently triggered in a UE by a PDCCH.
  • PDCCH may trigger aperiodic SRS in PDCCH for UL grants in format 0 (1-bit) and 4 (2-bit), and in PDCCH for DL grants in format 1A/2B/2C.
  • five sets of SRS parameters can be configured by RRC.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • aperiodic SRS only occurs once in response to a trigger.
  • the aperiodic SRS will not repeat unless the UE receives repeated aperiodic SRS triggers.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a portion of wireless communications network 50 configured according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
  • the illustrated portion of wireless communications network 50 includes UE 500, which is in communication range of macro eNBs 503 and 512, and femto access points 507 and 509.
  • UE 500 which is in communication range of macro eNBs 503 and 512
  • femto access points 507 and 509 If configured with CoMP capabilities, wireless communications network 50 may provide communication of data to UE 500 using a coordination of signals from macro eNBs 503 and 512 and femto access points 507 and 509. For example, consider that macro eNB 503 receives data that is addressed for delivery to UE 500.
  • Macro eNB 503 communicates with macro eNB 512 and femto access points 507 and 509 to coordinate transmission of the data to UE 500.
  • Macro eNBs 503 and 512 and femto access points 507 and 509 communicate with each other over a backhaul network, such as backhaul communications links 134 and 136 ( FIG. 1 ).
  • Macro eNBs 503 and 512 and femto access points 507 and 509 may then coordinate transmissions of the data to UE 500 using either a coordinated scheduling or coordinated beamforming.
  • SRS may provide benefit for CoMP set management, channel reciprocity based DL scheduling, and the like.
  • uplink CoMP provides for reception of the transmitted signal from UE 500 at multiple geographically separated points, such as macro eNBs 503 and 512 and femto access points 507 and 509. Scheduling decisions can be coordinated among macro eNBs 503 and 512 and femto access points 507 and 509 to control interference.
  • SRS may provide benefit for rate prediction, power control, uplink CoMP set management, and the like.
  • UE 500 may be transmitting an SRS to each of macro eNBs 503 and 512 and femto access points 507 and 509.
  • SRS power is tied with PUSCH power.
  • a single accumulative loop, f(i) is shared by PUSCH and SRS.
  • power offsets may be configured, such as through RRC signaling, in a UE for SRS operation.
  • CoMP systems it is possible to enhance SRS operation such that power control will be able to be enhanced to address different needs for downlink and uplink CoMP operations.
  • open-loop power operations could be defined, such as, two different power offsets one for DL and one for UL, or closed-loop power operations could be defined, such as two accumulative loop, f(i), functions, one for DL and one for UL, or a combination of such open and closed-loop operations.
  • UE-specific cell ID may be configured for SRS as well.
  • MIMO operations provide the use of multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver to improve communication performance.
  • macro eNB 503 includes three antennas 504-506
  • macro eNB 512 includes three antennas 513-515
  • femto access point 509 includes two antennas 510-511
  • femto access point 507 includes only a single antenna 508, and
  • UE 500 includes two antennas 501-502.
  • MIMO operation offers significant increases in data throughput and link range without additional bandwidth or increased transmit power.
  • macro eNB 503 may transmit the same data stream to UE over all three antennas 504-506, while UE 500 receives the data streams over antennas 501 and 502.
  • the standards from Rel-8 to Rel-11 support up to eight transmit antennas at the eNB, deployed in one dimension only. This allows space division multiple access (SDMA) or single user (SU)-MIMO in the horizontal direction.
  • SDMA space division multiple access
  • SU single user
  • Two-dimensional (2D) MIMO systems have also been proposed to enhance the peak data rate. Inclusion of antennas in elevation would allow beamforming also in the vertical plane, e.g., allowing the capability to support different floors in a high rise building.
  • an example 2D antenna array system with 64 antennas a grid of 8x8 antennas may be deployed on a 2D plane.
  • horizontal and vertical beamforming are used to exploit beamforming/SDMA gain both in azimuth and elevation.
  • SRS antenna switching With multiple antennas supported in UEs of LTE systems, SRS antenna switching has been supported since LTE Rel-8.
  • SRS antenna switching generally serves two distinct purposes: uplink transmission diversity for PUSCH, which may be either open loop or closed loop, and time division duplex (TDD) downlink MIMO beamforming based on channel reciprocity.
  • uplink transmission diversity for PUSCH which may be either open loop or closed loop
  • TDD time division duplex
  • the UE When transmitting on multiple antennas, the UE is supposed to transmit the same power on each antenna.
  • the SRS transmission power is tied to the PUSCH power control (PC) process. However, the power control requirements are loose, so it is possible for the UE to transmit SRS at different power than it transmits PUSCH by intentionally offsetting SRS power between antennas (at least in the regime of medium to low transmit power). With this ability to offset transmit power, the question arises whether there is a benefit of such offsetting from the system perspective.
  • PC power control
  • the UE has two antennas with a certain long term gain imbalance.
  • the UE is assumed to have two antennas, though, various numbers of multiple antennas may be provided, and a long term imbalance of 6dB is assumed, though, various levels of imbalance may occur depending on the antenna implementation. It is also assumed that the antenna gain patterns are close to identical.
  • the UE will transmit the same power from both antennas for SRS.
  • the imbalance should not have a negative impact because the 6dB gain imbalance in the uplink channel will correctly reflect the 6dB gain imbalance also present in the reciprocal downlink channel.
  • the UE will compensate for the gain imbalance by transmitting 6dB higher power on the weaker antenna.
  • the gain imbalance should not impact the downlink channel considered for precoding when operating in an interference-limited regime. Gain imbalance typically impacts both the signal and interference. Therefore, the receiver is capable of removing the interference by simple scaling. Thus, it should not impact the best downlink precoding.
  • interference conditions may be classified as thermal limited and interference limited. In thermal limited cases, there is minimal interference and thermal noise is dominant. In the interference limited cases, the amount of interference overwhelms the amount of thermal noise.
  • performance is typically better when no compensation is provided.
  • performance is typically better when compensation is provided.
  • the UE may not know if it is located in a thermal limited or interference limited location. However, the UE does not need to know. The difference that matters and is obtainable by the UE is not whether the UE is located with an interference limited or thermal limited location, but whether the observed interference level is the same in the UE's multiple receiver chains.
  • Various aspects of the present disclosure provide for altering the SRS signals in order to bias the eNB towards a preferred downlink precoding that also considers the observed interference at the UE. In such aspects, the SRS is changed to reflect the imbalance and indicate whether there are variations in interference across the different antennas.
  • the UE may use N -1 / 2 to derive an SRS precoder. This process provides a whitening of the interference and compensation for the gain. It should be noted, however, that use of N -1 / 2 to derive such an SRS precoder may be used by an uplink MIMO UE, but not for an antenna selection capable UE, as an antenna selection UE typically only may use a diagonal matrix as a precoder.
  • a diagonal matrix D should be derived, such that the singular value decomposition involving the covariance N 1 / 2 , svd H ′ ⁇ N ⁇ 1 2 ⁇ H , is most similar to the singular value decomposition of the diagonal matrix D , svd ( H' ⁇ D 2 ⁇ H ) , where the definition of most similar considers rank and system performance.
  • Using the singular value decomposition may also be used for determining N -1 / 2 in the MIMO-capable UE cases, but is beneficial when considering to diagonalize the covariance N -1 / 2 as it attempts to separate the mutual correlation between the antennas.
  • SRS precoding or power offsetting are generally not power efficient.
  • the UE will typically boost power of the weaker antenna.
  • the physical power limitation for the UE may already be close before providing the SRS precoding or power offsetting strategies. Power offsetting is not possible when the UE is at max power due to tight power control requirements.
  • the various aspects of the present disclosure should provide for SRS precoding or power offsetting to be done at low power settings.
  • FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram illustrating example blocks executed to implement one aspect of the present disclosure.
  • a UE detects an observed interference level for each of its receiver chains.
  • UE 500 would analyze the observed interference for each receiver chain associated with antennas 501 and 502.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a UE 120 configured according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
  • UE 120 includes controller/processor 480 which controls the components and executes the software, firmware, and code logic stored in memory 482 of UE 120 that define the features and functionality of UE 120.
  • Controller/processor 480 executes interference detection operation 700 stored in memory 482.
  • the executing interference detection operation 700 analyzes the interference observed through receiver chains 701-702 coupled to antennas 703.
  • the combination of these components and acts may provide means for detecting an observed interference for each one of a plurality of receiver chains at the UE.
  • the SRS may be precoded to target downlink operations of UE 500. With reference to FIG. 5 , for example, UE 500 detects observed interference from a channel from macro eNB 512. If UE 500 finds an imbalance in the observed interference from macro eNB 512, then UE 500 will precode an SRS that indicate the detected imbalance. With regard to UE 120 of FIG.
  • the interference detection application 700 executed by controller/processor 480, determines whether there is an imbalance in the observed interference in receiver chains 701-702. If such an imbalance is detected, controller/processor 480 executes SRS generator process 705 to begin generating an SRS message, controller/processor 480 also executes precoder 704, stored in memory 482. Precoder 704 selects a precoding for the SRS generated by SRS generator process 705 that indicates the detected imbalance.
  • the precoding may, in a MIMO-capable UE, utilize the covariance of the combined interference and gain imbalance plus thermal noise estimate, N -1 / 2 , to derive an SRS precoder, while a non-MIMO but antenna selection capable UE may use a diagonal matrix corresponding to the , N -1 / 2 covariance to derive an SRS decoder.
  • the combination of these components and acts may provide means for precoding a SRS to indicate an imbalance, in response to detecting an imbalance in the observed interference level for the plurality of receiver chains.
  • the UE transmits the SRS.
  • UE 500 would transmit the SRS to macro eNB 512.
  • controller/processor 480 controls transmit processor 464 to compile the SRS signal generated by SRS generator process 705 with the precoding established by precoder 704.
  • the SRS signal is then transmitted, under control of controller/processor 480 and transmit processor 464 through transmitter chains 706-707 and antennas 703.
  • the combination of these components and acts may provide means for transmitting the precoded SRS.
  • precoding of the SRS may also include an indication to compensate a transmit power for one or more imbalanced receiver chains.
  • controller/processor 480 when executing interference detection application 700, also executes power detection application 708 which uses a detected interference or detected gain imbalance to determine whether a power compensation of one or more of the imbalanced receiver chains would be desirable.
  • the result of the execution of power detection application 708, when such a compensation would be useful provides an indication with the precoded SRS of a useful transmit power compensation. If the UE receives such a power compensation in response to the indication transmitted in the precoded SRS, power controller 109, under control of controller/processor 480, would adjust the transmit power of one of receiver chains 701-702.
  • the first SRS process targets uplink operations and is the same as provided in Rel-10.
  • the second SRS process targets the downlink operations and uses the covariance of the combined interference and gain imbalance plus thermal noise estimate, N -1 / 2 , to derive an SRS precoder.
  • the UE could apply a diagonal matrix, such as a power offset, to derive the SRS precoder.
  • the UE may also signal a desired power offset between the antennas without applying it. Any power offset actually applied, should be limited when the UE approaches maximum power. Additionally, the precoding may be turned off when the UE approaches maximum power.
  • the two SRS processes use separate (virtual) antenna ports.
  • the SRS precoder should also be applied to the PUSCH.
  • PAPR peak to average power ratio
  • CSI-RS plus interference management resource (IMR) combination When operating aspects of the present disclosure in a network implementing a CoMP system, there may be multiple second SRS processes, each mapped to different channel state indicator (CSI)-RS plus interference management resource (IMR) combination. This combination may be signaled to the UE.
  • CSI channel state indicator
  • IMR interference management resource
  • SRS precoding may be explicitly signaled by eNB to the UE.
  • the precoded SRS may be configured in several different ways. such as on a per UE basis, enabled for either one or both of frequency division duplex (FDD) or time division duplex (TDD) systems, or applied only with aperiodic SRS transmissions. Although it is possible to enable it also for periodic SRS transmissions, it is more difficult to indicate the preferred precoding vector for a given periodic SRS transmission.
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram illustrating example blocks executed to implement one aspect of the present disclosure.
  • an eNB determines a precoded SRS vector for one or more served UEs.
  • the SRS vector may be precoded target downlink operations.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating an eNB 110 configured according to one aspect of the present disclosure.
  • eNB 110 includes a controller/processor 440 and a memory 442 coupled to controller/processor 440.
  • Controller/processor 440 controls the components and executes the software, firmware, and other code logic stored in memory 442 to define the features and functionality of eNB 110.
  • controller/processor 440 executes precoded SRS application 900, stored in memory 442.
  • Executing precoded SRS application 900 will determine the precoded SRS vector selecting from the possible vectors stored at precoded SRS vectors 901.
  • the precoded SRS vector will be selected either on a per UE basis, enabled for either one or both of FDD or TDD systems, or preferably applied with aperiodic SRS transmissions.
  • the combination of these components and acts provides means for determining a precoded SRS vector for one or more served UEs, wherein the determined precoded SRS vector includes determining the precoded SRS vector on a per UE basis, enabling the precoded SRS vector for either one or both of FDD and TDD systems.
  • the eNB transmits the determined precoded SRS vector from the base station to at least one of the one or more served UEs.
  • controller/processor 440 transmits the selected precoded SRS vector to the served UE using transmitter 902 and antennas 903. The combination of these components and acts provide means for transmitting the determined precoded SRS vector from the base station to at least one of the one or more served UEs.
  • the radio resource control is configured to select one precoding vector. While this provides for a simple process, a single SRS vector may not provide the potential benefits of this disclosure. With reference to FIG. 9 , precoded SRS vectors 901, in memory 442, would therefore contain only a single precoded SRS vector.
  • the RRC may configure multiple precoding vectors, one per aperiodic SRS set, and dynamically and explicitly indicate which one to use.
  • the precoding vector may be included in each of the five sets of SRS parameters. That is one set of SRS parameters tied with a particular DCI format. For example, in set 1, tied with DCI format 0, precoding vector 1 may be assigned, in set 2 to set 4, tied with DCI format 4, precoding vectors 2 to 4 may be assigned, and set 5, tied with DCI format 1A/2B/2C, precoding vector 5 may be assigned.
  • macro eNB 512 uses the precoding vector defined in the corresponding set for precoded SRS vector transmitted to UE 500.
  • a UE may receive two or more triggers.
  • Enforcement policies may be set in place such that UE 500 ( FIG. 5 ) can enforce the policy for the A-SRS subframe in which the multiple triggers are received. For example, UE 500 may enforce the same precoding vector when the two or more triggers have to trigger the same precoding vector. Otherwise, if the two or more triggers would trigger separate precoding vector, an error event is noted.
  • the enforcement policy may take the precoding vector associated with the latest trigger, subject to misalignment between eNB and UE regarding which precoding vector the UE is using for a precoded SRS transmission.
  • an RRC may configure multiple sets, and dynamically/implicitly indicate which one to use.
  • the precoding vector in use may be tied with a subframe index. This solution is more restrictive, since eNB often has difficulty in actual controlling of which precoding vector to be used.
  • the eNB may select the precoding vector based on the aggregation level, the decoding candidate(s), search space, PDCCH type (legacy PDCCH or enhanced PDCCH
  • EPDCCH enhanced downlink control channel
  • the eNB may implicitly select the precoding vector based on different scrambling (e.g., using different radio network temporary identifiers (RNTIs), similar to uplink antenna switching) of cyclic redundancy check (CRC).
  • RNTIs radio network temporary identifiers
  • CRC cyclic redundancy check
  • the eNB may select the precoding vector based on a new information field or by re-interpreting or re-tasking some existing information field(s) in DCI to indicate the precoding vector.
  • a DCI may be provided for both downlink grants and uplink grants.
  • a 2-bit field to indicate one from four possible precoding vectors (which can be RRC configured, or specified in the specification).
  • the entire DCI may be dedicated to A-SRS triggering (without any associated DL-SCH and UL-SCH) or standalone A-SRS triggering, wherein the precoding vector can be explicitly indicated.
  • the selection of the precoding vector by the eNB may be tied with the precoding used for PUSCH. For example, the latest PUSCH with rank 1 precoding for limited usage.
  • another aspect may involve various combinations of these alternative.
  • the A-SRS process(es) with precoding enabled can be based on the process defined for CoMP or separately defined.
  • two A-SRS processes can be defined for a UE, where the first process is the original Rel-10 A-SRS process and the second process is modified A-SRS process for CoMP operation and the precoding vector is further added (e.g, as part of RRC configuration) to be associated with the second process.
  • three A-SRS processes can be configured for a UE.
  • a new A-SRS process can be introduced, wherein the precoding vector may be further added (e.g, as part of RRC configuration) to be associated with the new process.
  • the new A-SRS process targeting improved DL MIMO operation, where A-SRS is precoded.
  • A-SRS subframe which process is being used is either explicitly or implicitly derived.
  • each process is associated with a set of A-SRS subframes, and these set of A-SRS subframes may not overlap (if overlapped, some prioritization is performed to allow one process to transmit while other process(es) are dropped, if parallel A-SRS transmission in a subframe is not allowed).
  • eNB can rely on the original multi-port periodic SRS process and/or the original multi-port aperiodic SRS process.
  • the precoding of A-SRS may be aligned with that for PUSCH.
  • it can be up to eNB to ensure that the same precoding is indicated to PUSCH and SRS transmitted in the same subframe.
  • Different precoding vectors for PUSCH and SRS in the same subframe are allowed if the eNB determines that it's necessary and indicates so.
  • FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram illustrating example blocks executed to implement one aspect of the present disclosure.
  • a mobile device determines a density of SRS transmissions. For example, a channel and/or interference condition may occur where the number of antennas at the eNB is very large (e.g., 64). Current SRS transmission may be inefficient and/or may not achieve desirable accuracy. Thus, another channel and/or interference condition may be determined by the mobile device when it detects a lower than expected accuracy in downlink transmissions. In operation, with reference to FIG.
  • the execution of channel and/or interference detection logic 700, stored in memory 482, by controller/processor 480 creates and operating environment, such that signals received through antennas 703 and receiver chains 701-702 are analyzed to detect the channel and/or interference condition, such as the low accuracy.
  • information received in system information signals from a serving base station may identify the number of antennas operating at the base station.
  • the operating environment of channel and/or interference detection logic 700 will determine a channel and/or interference condition when the number of antennas operating at the base station exceeds a certain amount.
  • controller/processor 480 executes SRS generator 705 to increase the density of SRS transmissions.
  • the combination of these acts and components may provide means for determining, at a mobile device, a density of SRS transmissions.
  • the mobile device increases the density of its SRS transmissions in response to the channel and/or interference condition.
  • UE 120 under control of controller processor 480 sends the SRS transmissions through transmit processor 454, transmission chains 706-707, and antennas 703.
  • the combination of these acts and components may provide means for transmitting SRS by the mobile device based at least in part on the determined density.
  • SRS density can be increased either by: (1) increasing the density of SRS transmissions within a subframe; or (2) increasing the density of SRS transmissions over multiple subframes (SRS bundling).
  • SRS is only the last symbol of subframe.
  • SRS transmission may be extended into other symbols while minimizing standard impact, e.g., putting in the last symbol of the first slot, or the first symbol of the first slot.
  • the shortened PUCCH format currently defined for the second slot can also be enabled in the first slot.
  • a 4-port SRS can be transmitted in four subframes, each with one SRS port.
  • the set of subframes for bundled SRS transmissions can be consecutive or non-consecutive, and can still belong to the set of cell-specific SRS subframes.
  • the smallest UE specific SRS periodicity is 2ms.
  • the periodicity can be extended to include 1ms. A combination thereof is also possible.
  • the number of bundled SRS subframes for a SRS transmission can be configurable or be predetermined (e.g., fixed at 4 subframes).
  • the number of bundled SRS frames can also be linked with TTI bundling operation for PUSCH.
  • FIG. 11 is a functional block diagram illustrating example blocks executed to implement one aspect of the present disclosure.
  • the serving base station may improve its channel estimation for reciprocity-based downlink MIMO operations.
  • the serving base station determines a density of SRS transmissions for the mobile device. For example, a channel and/or interference condition may occur where the number of antennas at the eNB is very large (e.g., 64). Current SRS transmission may be inefficient and/or may not achieve desirable accuracy. For example, with reference to FIG.
  • controller/processor 440 determines the number of antennas 903 is over a threshold number or executes channel estimation logic 905 in memory 442 to determine that the current SRS transmissions are inefficient. Based on these various factors, controller/processor 440 determines a density for SRS transmissions by a particular UE.
  • the combination of these acts and components may provide means for determining, at a base station, a density of SRS transmissions for a UE served by the base station.
  • the base station indicates the density of SRS to the UE.
  • eNB 110 under control or controller/processor 440, sends a control signal to the UE via transmitter 902 and antennas 903 that identifies the density of SRS.
  • the combination of these acts and components may provide means for indicating the density of SRS to the UE.
  • the base station receives the SRS transmissions from the UE.
  • eNB 110 receives signals over antennas 903 and receiver 904 which, under control of controller/processor 440, are decoded and determined to be SRS transmissions.
  • the SRS transmissions will be received according to the density that eNB 110 indicated to the UE.
  • the combination of these acts and components may provide means for receiving, at the base station, the SRS transmissions from the UE.
  • DM-RS Density Increase Similarly, DM-RS density in UL can also be increased.
  • DM-RS can be used for PUSCH demodulation or sounding purpose. When DM-RS is used for sounding purpose, the cyclic shift for sounding can be different from the one for PUSCH demodulation.
  • subframe (TTI) bundling is enabled for DM-RS for sounding, the number of subframes for DM-RS transmissions can be configurable or predetermined. Note that the subframes are not necessarily to be cell-specific SRS subframes.
  • the bundling size can be linked with the size for PUSCH TTI bundling
  • the functional blocks and modules in FIGs. 6 and 7 may comprise processors, electronics devices, hardware devices, electronics components, logical circuits, memories, software codes, firmware codes, etc., or any combination thereof.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • a processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
  • a software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may be integral to the processor.
  • the processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC.
  • the ASIC may reside in a user terminal.
  • the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.
  • the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.
  • Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • a storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.
  • such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
  • any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or digital subscriber line (DSL), then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or are included in the definition of medium.
  • DSL digital subscriber line
  • Disk and disc includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

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US13/773,316 US9596065B2 (en) 2012-10-24 2013-02-21 Enhanced SRS transmission for MIMO operation in LTE-A
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CN104737489A (zh) 2015-06-24
US20170150482A1 (en) 2017-05-25
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US10779266B2 (en) 2020-09-15
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KR102205413B1 (ko) 2021-01-19
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