Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
  • C03C17/3429—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings being a non-oxide coating
  • C03C17/3435—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings being a non-oxide coating comprising a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
  • C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
  • C03C17/3417—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials all coatings being oxide coatings
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
  • G02B5/20—Filters
  • G02B5/28—Interference filters
  • G02B5/281—Interference filters designed for the infrared light
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
  • B32B17/10201—Dielectric coatings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
  • C03C17/23—Oxides
  • C03C17/245—Oxides by deposition from the vapour phase
  • C03C17/2456—Coating containing TiO2
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
  • C03C17/28—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material
  • C03C17/32—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with synthetic or natural resins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
  • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
  • C23C14/0641—Nitrides
  • C23C14/0652—Silicon nitride
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
  • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
  • C23C14/08—Oxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
  • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
  • C23C14/08—Oxides
  • C23C14/083—Oxides of refractory metals or yttrium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
  • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
  • C23C14/34—Sputtering
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/6612—Evacuated glazing units
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
  • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
  • E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
  • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
  • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
  • C03C2217/21—Oxides
  • C03C2217/212—TiO2
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
  • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
  • C03C2217/21—Oxides
  • C03C2217/213—SiO2
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
  • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
  • C03C2217/21—Oxides
  • C03C2217/216—ZnO
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
  • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
  • C03C2217/21—Oxides
  • C03C2217/23—Mixtures
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
  • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
  • C03C2217/21—Oxides
  • C03C2217/23—Mixtures
  • C03C2217/231—In2O3/SnO2
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
  • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
  • C03C2217/28—Other inorganic materials
  • C03C2217/281—Nitrides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
  • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
  • C03C2218/15—Deposition methods from the vapour phase
  • C03C2218/152—Deposition methods from the vapour phase by cvd
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
  • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
  • C03C2218/15—Deposition methods from the vapour phase
  • C03C2218/154—Deposition methods from the vapour phase by sputtering
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
  • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
  • C03C2218/15—Deposition methods from the vapour phase
  • C03C2218/154—Deposition methods from the vapour phase by sputtering
  • C03C2218/156—Deposition methods from the vapour phase by sputtering by magnetron sputtering
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
  • C03C2218/30—Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
  • C03C2218/32—After-treatment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
  • C03C2218/30—Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
  • C03C2218/365—Coating different sides of a glass substrate
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
  • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
  • E06B2009/2417—Light path control; means to control reflection
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
  • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping

Definitions

• the invention relates to insulating glazings, comprising stacks of thin layers acting on solar radiation and intended more particularly for solar protection.
• the glazing according to the invention is more particularly adapted to equip buildings, even if it is not limited thereto. It can also be used in the automotive field, such as side window, sunroof or rear window or as oven door.
• solar protection glazing or sunscreen glazing with still insulating glazing
• a glazing consisting of a substrate, most often made of glass, coated with thin layer (s), of such whereby the amount of solar radiation (particularly visible and near-infrared radiation) passing through said glazing is substantially decreased, by reference to that passing through the same substrate but taken in isolation.
• the invention also relates to such a glazing used as a lighter once opacified, so as to be part of a facade cladding panel, and which allows to offer, in combination with glazing for vision, exterior surfaces of buildings entirely glazed and uniform.
• These layered glazings (and spandrels) are subject to a certain number of constraints: as regards glazing, the layers used must firstly be sufficiently filtering with respect to the solar radiation, that is to say that is to say that they must allow thermal insulation while allowing a substantial part of the light, as measured by the light transmission TL, to pass through.
• thermal performances must preserve the optical appearance and the aesthetics of the glazing: it is thus desirable to be able to modulate the level of light transmission of the substrate, while keeping a color judged aesthetic and preferably substantially neutral, especially in external reflection, even in transmission. This is also true of lighters with regard to the aspect in reflection.
• these layers must also be sufficiently durable, and all the more so if, in the glazing once mounted, they are on one of the outer faces of the glazing (as opposed to the "inner” faces, turned towards the gas gap between double glazing for example).
• stacks of thin layers that can be able to withstand heat treatments without significantly modifying the optical / thermal properties of the glazing as a whole and without modification / degradation of its general appearance observed before quenching.
• heat treatments without significantly modifying the optical / thermal properties of the glazing as a whole and without modification / degradation of its general appearance observed before quenching.
• anti-solar glazing for the building is given by the patents EP-0 51 1 901 and EP-0 678 483: these are functional layers in terms of filtration of solar radiation which are nickel-nickel alloy. chromium, optionally nitrided, stainless steel or tantalum, and which are arranged between two layers of metal oxide dielectric such as SnO2, T1O2 or Ta2Os. These windows are good sunscreen, with satisfactory mechanical and chemical durability, but are not really "bombable” or "hardenable” because the oxide layers surrounding the functional layer can prevent its oxidation during bending or tempering, oxidation accompanied by a change in the light transmission, and the overall appearance of the glazing as a whole.
• EP-0 536 607 uses metal nitride functional layers, of the TiN type or CrN, with protective layers made of metal or silicon derivatives
• patent EP-0 747 329 discloses functional NiCr nickel alloy functional layers associated with silicon nitride layers.
• Patent Application WO2007 / 028913 also discloses stacking structures which, as a layer acting mainly on the solar radiation of the dioxide, of titanium (T1O2) or zirconium dioxide (Z1-O2), this layer being deposited on a sublayer of silicon nitride.
• Such a product has thus appeared relatively efficient in terms of its heat reflection properties derived from solar radiation and relatively simple and economical to deposit by the technique of magnetic field assisted sputtering (magnetron).
• the deposition of a stack of the type previously exposed by the vacuum sputtering techniques of targets makes it possible to deposit stacks of layers whose thickness can be controlled to the nanometer, which allows adjusting the desired colorimetry of the glazing, in particular its colorimetric neutrality.
• the stack thus deposited also gives satisfaction from the point of view of its mechanical strength properties in temperature, especially under thermal treatment conditions around 600-630 ° C., characteristic of the most common quenching processes. or bending.
• the glazing according to the application WO2007 / 028913 having undergone such a heat treatment, does not show any significant changes in its properties, either in terms of energy performance or colorimetry.
• the glazing with antisolar properties obtained have light transmission coefficients (TL) of the order of 75 to 60% and light reflection (RL) of the order of 25 to 40%.
• the solar factor through the glazing is however at least of the order of 65%, within the meaning of the standard NF EN410 (201 1), which can be considered insufficient in external conditions of very strong insolations.
• the object of the present invention thus is to provide glazings of the same type as those described in application WO2007 / 028913, that is to say whose functional layers are based on titanium oxide, but of which the insulation performance is improved, in particular whose solar factor is less than 60%, or even less than 55%, while maintaining sufficient light transmission, in particular greater than or equal to 40%, or even greater than or equal to 45% within the meaning of NF EN410 (201 1).
• glazings According to another important feature of glazing according to the present invention, they most often have a very low colorimetry in the sense previously described, including after a heat treatment such as bending or quenching or even enamelling. Also, it is possible that such glazings are used in the building sector as lightening glazing once opacified, at least partly or most of the time completely.
• the lightening glazing can for example allow to obscure building elements such as electrical wiring, plumbing, air conditioning or more generally all structural elements of the building.
• glazing lighters are advantageous to respect the aesthetics and architectural unity of the large glass area, which can cover almost the entire surface of the building.
• the glazing used must have on their entire surface stacks with solar control properties to limit the cost of air conditioning in summer and preferably the properties internal thermal insulation to reduce the energy loss of the building in winter.
• the glazing present on almost the whole surface of the building, thus covers at the same time the parts which must offer a significant light transmission (called then vision glazing), and those whose transmission must be practically null (effect of occultation) for hide the structural elements of the building (spandrel glazing).
• the object of the invention is then to develop a glazing unit comprising a glass-type substrate bearing coatings of thin layers acting on the incident solar radiation, which allows to solve the problems as previously exposed.
• the glazing sought according to the invention has thermal properties suitable for the solar protection of buildings, as well as optical properties, in particular colorimetry and light transmission, also suitable for such use, as well as an ability to withstand heat treatments without damage, consisting of quenching, bending or enameling, even at very high temperature, that is to say greater than or equal to 650 ° C.
• the present invention relates to a sun protection glazing comprising a substrate, preferably glass, said substrate being covered with a coating consisting of dielectric materials on each of its two faces.
• each of said coatings consists of a layer based on titanium oxide or a stack of layers of dielectric materials incorporating such a layer based on titanium oxide.
• the physical thickness of the titanium oxide-based layers in each of said coatings is between 10 and 70 nm.
• a stack of thin layers according to the present invention thus comprises only layers made of dielectric materials and therefore does not include in particular metal layers, in particular of the type described above. for their reflection and / or absorption properties of infrared radiation, especially those consisting of precious metals such as Ag, Pt, Pd, Au or Cu, or metal nitride layers, TiN or CrN, or to Nickel base, such as NiCr or Nb or niobium nitride.
• the layers based on titanium oxide comprise, for the most part, the elements O and Ti, in a ratio preferably close to 2 (even though deviations from this theoretical value are of course possible without departing from the scope of the invention.
• the present invention in particular as a function of the deposition conditions of said layer or a possible doping of said layer).
• Ti and O together represent, according to the invention, at least 85% of the atoms present in the layer, and preferably at least 90% or even at least 95% of the atoms present in the layer.
• Said dielectric materials are selected from nitrides, oxides or ox nitrides.
• the dielectric materials in addition to the layers based on titanium oxide, are chosen from zinc, silicon, tin, zinc and tin oxides, silicon and / or aluminum nitrides, oxynitrides of silicon and / or aluminum.
• At least one of said coatings is constituted by a stack according to the succession of subsequent layers, from the surface of the glass:
• an underlayer or set of underlays the one or more sublayers being made of dielectric materials
• such a stack further comprises an overlayer or a set of overlays, the one or more overcoats being made of dielectric materials.
• the overall optical thickness of the sub-layer (s) is between 30 and 90 nm, more preferably between 40 and 70 nm.
• the overall optical thickness of the overcoat (s) is between 7 and 30 nm, more preferably between 10 and 20 nm.
• the glazing comprises, between the glass surface and the titanium oxide-based layer, two sub-layers including a layer based on silicon oxide whose physical thickness is preferably between 10 and 20 nm and a layer based on silicon nitride whose physical thickness is preferably between 15 and 25 nm.
• the glazing comprises, between the surface of the glass and the layer based on titanium oxide, a single sublayer based on silicon nitride, the physical thickness of which is preferably between 15 and 35 nm.
• the glazing comprises, above the titanium oxide-based layer, the succession of an overlay based on silicon oxide, preferably of physical thickness between 5 and 10 nm, and a overcoat based on titanium oxide, preferably with a thickness of between 1 and 3 nm.
• At least one of said coatings, or both coatings is constituted by a single layer based on titanium oxide, preferably deposited by pyrolysis.
• the glazing comprises on a first face of the substrate a first coating deposited by CVD, in particular by pyrolysis and on a second side of the substrate a second coating deposited by a vacuum deposition technique, in particular sputtering.
• the coating deposited by pyrolysis is a layer based on titanium oxide and the coating deposited by a vacuum deposition technique is a stack of layers and constituted by the succession of the following layers, starting from the surface of the glass:
• the one or more sublayers consisting of dielectric materials
• such a stack further comprises an overlayer or a set of overlays, the one or more overcoats being made of dielectric materials.
• the glazing comprises on each of its faces a coating deposited by a vacuum technique and constituted by the succession of the following layers, starting from the surface of the glass:
• the one or more sublayers consisting of dielectric materials
• a layer based on titanium oxide having a physical thickness of between 10 and 70 nm
• such a stack further comprises an overlayer or a set of overlays, the one or more overcoats being made of dielectric materials.
• at least one of the coatings deposited by a vacuum technique, or both coatings may be constituted by a single layer based on titanium oxide.
• At least one titanium oxide-based layer further comprises an element X chosen from silicon, zirconium, niobium and tantalum, the overall X / Ti atomic ratio in said layer being between 0.01 and 0; , 25, Ti and X representing at least Si and Ti represent at least 90% of the atoms other than oxygen, preferably at least 95%, or even at least 97% or even all of the atoms other than oxygen. According to such a mode, X is very preferably silicon.
• said Si / Ti ratio is homogeneous throughout the thickness of the titanium oxide-based layer.
• the layer based on titanium oxide comprises a succession of layers in which the Si / Ti ratio varies between 0 and 0.20.
• the overall Si / Ti atomic ratio in the layer is between 0.05 and 0.20, more preferably between 0.05 and 0.15.
• at least one layer based on titanium oxide, or even the set of layers based on titanium oxide in said coatings consists essentially of titanium and oxygen.
• the at least one titanium oxide-based layer comprises, in particular, less than 1 mol% of elements other than titanium and oxygen.
• the thickness of the titanium oxide-based layers in each coating is between 20 and 60 nanometers, preferably between 30 and 55 nm.
• the solar factor of the glazing is less than 60%, preferably wherein the solar factor is less than 55%.
• the light transmission of the glazing is between 45 and 60%.
• the glazing has undergone a heat treatment such as bending, quenching and / or annealing.
• the overlayer (s) or underlayer (s) of dielectric materials of the stack may also contain a metal a minority relative to silicon, for example aluminum, for example up to 10 mol% relative to silicon.
• a metal a minority relative to silicon for example aluminum, for example up to 10 mol% relative to silicon.
• Optical thicknesses within the meaning of the present invention conventionally means the product of its actual thickness (physical) by its refractive index.
• an optical thickness of 50 nm of S13N4, whose refractive index is about 2.0 corresponds to a deposition of 25 nanometers (physical thickness) of said material.
• the subject of the invention is the "monolithic" glazings (that is to say constituted of a single substrate) or the multiple insulating glazings of the double-glazed or even triple-glazed type, of which at least one of the constituents (of the leaflets) is glazing according to the invention.
• the glazings of particular interest to the invention have a TL of the order of 40 to 60%, in particular between 45 and 60%, and an energy transmission, measured by the solar factor, close to the value of TL, at 5%. % near. They also preferentially have a relatively neutral coloration with possibly a blue or green color in external reflection (on the side of the substrate without layers), with in particular in the international colorimetric system (L *, a *, b *) values of a * and b * negative (before and after any heat treatment). There is thus a pleasant shade and low intensity in reflection, sought in the field of building.
• optical and energetic quantities according to the invention are measured according to the data reported in standard NF EN410 (version 201 1).
• the subject of the invention is also the layered substrate at least partially opacified by a coating of lacquer or enamel type, with a view to making lighters, where the opacifying coating may be in direct contact with the face of the substrate already coated with the stack of layers.
• the stack of layers can be perfectly identical for vision glazing and for the lighter.
• the face of the substrate already provided with a stack of thin layers and to which an enamel composition can be deposited according to conventional techniques is considered in particular according to the invention as "enamelable", without appearance of optical defects in the stack, and with a very limited optical evolution, and in particular without the appearance of blur.
• the stack has satisfactory durability, without annoying deterioration of the layers of the stack in contact with the enamel or during its cooking, or over time once the glazing mounted.
• the application more particularly targeted by the invention is glazing for the building (including residential), it is clear that other applications are possible, especially in the windows of vehicles (apart from the windshield where the a very high light transmission is required, such as side windows, car roof, rear window or oven doors.
• All the substrates are 6 mm thick clear glass of Planilux type marketed by Saint-Gobain Glass France.
• All layers are deposited by pyrolysis or by well-known magnetic field assisted sputtering techniques.
• the layers based on titanium oxide are deposited either by pyrolysis (sputtering of organometallic precursors of titanium on the surface of the hot glass at the outlet of the float bath) or from titanium-based metal targets (the targets being sprayed into oxidizing atmosphere),
• the silicon nitride layers are deposited from a metal silicon target comprising 8% by weight of aluminum, sprayed in a reactive atmosphere containing nitrogen (40% Ar and 60% N 2).
• the silicon nitride layers therefore also contain a minority amount of aluminum.
• the silicon oxide layers are deposited from a metal silicon target of the same composition as the previous one, but this time sprayed in an oxidizing reactive atmosphere, according to techniques well known in the art.
• a stack consisting of a sublayer of silicon nitride, a titanium oxide layer TiO x and an overcoat of SiO 2 , is deposited on one side of the glass substrate by magnetic field assisted sputtering techniques as previously described.
• the glazing provided with its stack is shown schematically by the following sequence:
• a stack of the same type as that described according to Example 1 is deposited on the same substrate with the only difference that the device is set so that the TiOx layer is twice as thick (60 nm).
• the glazing provided with its stack is shown schematically by the following sequence:
• a stack of the same type as that described according to Example 1 is deposited on the same substrate with the only difference that the deposited TiO x layer is even thicker, to reach a thickness equal to 70 nm.
• the glazing provided with its stack is shown schematically by the following sequence:
• a stack similar to that described according to Example 1 is deposited on a glass substrate of the same type by vacuum sputtering techniques.
• the other side is this time provided with a pyrolytic coating of titanium oxide, previously deposited on the hot glass ribbon at the outlet of the float bath, according to conventional techniques in the field.
• the glazing provided with the two coatings on each of its faces is schematized by the following sequence:
• an extra thickness of T1O2 is deposited within the stack of layers in order to improve the solar protection performance of the glazing.
• this same additional amount of T1O2 is added to the glazing of Example 1, but on the other side of the glazing and not within the stack.
• the previous stacks are then subjected to the same heat treatment as that indicated in the previous application WO2007 / 028913, consisting of heating at 620 ° C for 10 minutes, followed by quenching in air.
• the colorimetric variation ⁇ * is defined as follows:
• ⁇ * (AL * 2 + Aa * 2 + Ab * 2) 1/2, with AL *, Aa * and Ah * the difference in measurements of L *, a * and b * before and after heat treatment.
• the ⁇ * before and after heat treatment is of the order of or close to 1% and all the glazings retain their anti-solar property unchanged, as measured by the FS factor. They are also perfectly calibrated on the aesthetic level, especially in external reflection where the values of a * and b * are close to zero or slightly negative, giving a very neutral or slightly blue-green color accepted for glazings with strong external reflection. .
• single layers of titanium oxide are coated onto the Planilux® glass substrate by vacuum cathode sputtering techniques on each of its faces. For each example, different thicknesses are deposited, as reported in Table 2 below.
• the glazing provided with the two layers of titanium oxide is shown schematically by the following sequence:

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