EP3151249A1 - Papier d'isolation electrique pouvant etre impregne et procede de fabrication d'un papier d'isolation electrique - Google Patents

Papier d'isolation electrique pouvant etre impregne et procede de fabrication d'un papier d'isolation electrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3151249A1
EP3151249A1 EP15187414.6A EP15187414A EP3151249A1 EP 3151249 A1 EP3151249 A1 EP 3151249A1 EP 15187414 A EP15187414 A EP 15187414A EP 3151249 A1 EP3151249 A1 EP 3151249A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical insulation
particles
insulation paper
paper
particle size
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15187414.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andrey Mashkin
Mario Brockschmidt
Friedhelm Pohlmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP15187414.6A priority Critical patent/EP3151249A1/fr
Priority to DE112016002960.8T priority patent/DE112016002960A5/de
Priority to US15/759,594 priority patent/US20190035514A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2016/070571 priority patent/WO2017055004A1/fr
Publication of EP3151249A1 publication Critical patent/EP3151249A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/10—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances metallic oxides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/04—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances mica
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/48—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials
    • H01B3/52—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials wood; paper; press board

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an impregnable electrical insulation paper for an electrical insulation body, a method for producing an electrical insulation paper, an electrical insulation tape, an electrical insulation body and the use of the electrical insulation body.
  • Electric high-voltage rotary machines such as generators, have electrical conductors, a main insulation and a stator core.
  • the purpose of the main insulation is to permanently insulate the electrical conductors against each other, against the stator core and against the environment.
  • electrical partial discharges occur which lead to the formation of so-called "treeing" channels in the main insulation.
  • the main insulation Due to the "treeing" channels, the main insulation can only be reduced in electrical capacity and electrical breakdown of the main insulation can occur.
  • a barrier against the partial discharges is achieved by the use of an electrical insulation tape.
  • the electrical insulation tape has an electrical insulation paper, such as a mica paper, which is applied to a support. Mica has a very high partial discharge resistance and thus prevents the formation of "treeing" channels.
  • mica In the production of mica paper, mica is used in the form of platelet-shaped mica particles with a conventional particle size of several 100 micrometers.
  • the platelet-shaped mica particles are arranged in layers, so that the particles are arranged largely parallel to one another.
  • the main insulation takes over especially in generators, such as turbo and hydropower generators, in addition to the electrical Insulation also the task of heat transport.
  • mica has the disadvantage that it has only a low thermal conductivity. Therefore, the main insulation has only a low thermal conductivity.
  • the thermal design of the generators takes into account the thermal conductivity of the main insulation, so that the low thermal conductivity limits the performance of the generators. Therefore, an increase in the thermal conductivity of the electrical insulation paper and thus also the thermal conductivity of the main insulation of importance.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an electrical insulation paper for an electrical insulation body and a method for producing an electrical insulation paper, wherein the electrical insulation paper has a high thermal conductivity.
  • the electrical insulation paper according to the invention is an impregnatable electrical insulation paper for an electrical insulation body, with first platelet-shaped particles having phyllosilicates, and second platelet-shaped particles having a thermal conductivity at 20 ° C of at least 1 W / mK.
  • the electrical insulation paper is impregnable, that is, it is not yet impregnated and can be impregnated.
  • the electrical insulation paper has spaces between the particles, for example in the form of pores, into which an impregnating resin can penetrate during impregnation.
  • the structure of the electrical insulation paper is thus such that the electrical insulation paper can be impregnated by the impregnating resin.
  • an electro-insulating paper can have at least two different types of platelet-shaped particles, namely, the first and second particles, thereby providing an electrical insulating paper having improved properties.
  • the electrical insulation paper according to the invention does not have only a high partial discharge resistance, but at the same time a high thermal conductivity.
  • the first platelet-shaped particles have phyllosilicates.
  • the sheet silicates preferably have mica and / or bentonite.
  • Phyllosilicates have a high resistance to partial electrical discharges.
  • the use of sheet silicates in electrical insulation paper gives the electrical insulation paper and the electrical insulation body a particularly high degree of partial discharge resistance. This increases the life of the electrical insulation body.
  • the second particles are also platy.
  • the second particles can be arranged in a simple manner together with the first particles in the electrical insulation paper. Both the first and the second particles contribute to the construction of the electrical insulation paper.
  • the basic structure of the electrical insulation paper is thus formed by the first particles and the second particles.
  • the second particles have a thermal conductivity at 20 ° C of at least 1 W / mK.
  • Phyllosilicates have only a low thermal conductivity. For example, it is about 0.2-0.25 W / mK for mica at 20 ° C.
  • the second particles have a high thermal conductivity. Due to the presence of the second particles, the electrical insulation paper has a high thermal conductivity.
  • the electrical insulation paper according to the invention has a high partial discharge resistance and a high thermal conductivity.
  • the use of the electrical insulation paper according to the invention in an electrical insulation body reduces temperature gradients in the electrical insulation body and gives the electrical insulation body a high thermal conductivity. This results in a higher degree of freedom in the thermal design of electric high-voltage rotary machines, such as generators, allows. This can be advantageous to increase performance and utilization of the machines.
  • the inventors have also found that the electrical insulation paper has a longer life compared with a conventional electrical insulation paper having only one kind of particles.
  • the first particles have mica.
  • the first particles are uncoated mica particles, that is, they are completely made of mica.
  • the first particles may, for example, also be coated mica particles.
  • the coated mica particles may be, for example, organophilic, especially silanized, mica particles. Mica has a very high resistance to electrical partial discharges.
  • the second particles are present in such a high volume fraction based on the electrical insulation paper that the second particles are in touching contact with each other and thereby a network of the second particles is formed, which connects the two opposite sides of the electrical insulation paper.
  • opposite sides refers to the wide sides of the electrical insulation paper, that is, the two opposite sides, which have a larger surface area than the remaining two sides of the electrical insulation paper.
  • the network interconnecting the two opposite sides of the electrical insulation paper is a continuous structure that establishes a continuous connection between the two opposite sides of the electrical insulation paper.
  • the volume fraction of the second particles based on the electrical insulation paper must be so high that the second particles by random arrangement getting so close to each other that they are in touching contact with each other in the electrical insulation paper.
  • the interconnection of the opposite sides of the electrical insulation paper formed by the network extends substantially perpendicular to the paper plane of the electrical insulation paper through the electrical insulation paper.
  • the connection thus leads from one wide side of the electrical insulation paper to the opposite broad side of the electrical insulation paper. Due to the high thermal conductivity of the second particles, the compound advantageously leads to improved transport of heat through the electrical insulation paper.
  • the second particles in a volume fraction based on the electrical insulation paper from 5 to 80 vol .-%, preferably from 25 to 80 vol .-%, particularly preferably from 50 to 80 vol .-%, before.
  • volume fraction based on the electrical insulation paper refers to the volume fraction of the particles in relation to the volume of the entire electrical insulation paper, wherein the volume of the total electrical insulation paper also includes the spaces between the particles. The higher the volume fraction of the second particles relative to the electrical insulation paper, the better heat can be conducted through the electrical insulation paper.
  • the second particles are arranged on the two opposite sides of the electrical insulation paper and are in touching contact with each other, whereby a network of the second particles is formed on the two opposite sides of the electrical insulation paper.
  • the network on the two opposite sides of the electrical insulation paper is a coherent structure, each having a continuous connection along the two builds on opposite sides of the electrical insulation paper.
  • the volume fraction of the second particles based on the electrical insulation paper must be so high that the second particles come so close by random arrangement on the two opposite sides of the electrical insulation paper that they are in touching contact with each other.
  • connection formed by the network on the opposite sides of the electrical insulation paper runs substantially parallel to the paper plane of the electrical insulation paper. Due to the high thermal conductivity of the second particles, the connection advantageously leads to an improved transport of heat along the two opposite sides of the electrical insulation paper.
  • the thermal conductivity of the second particles at 20 ° C is at least 2 W / mK, preferably at least 10 W / mK, more preferably at least 25 W / mK. As a result, a particularly high thermal conductivity of the electrical insulation paper is achieved.
  • the second particles have a particle size of at least 5 nm and at most 150 .mu.m, preferably at least 5 .mu.m and at most 150 .mu.m, more preferably at least 50 .mu.m and at most 150 .mu.m.
  • the particle size is the longest dimension of the particle.
  • the particle size of the second particles has an influence on the extent to which the second particles are involved in the construction of the electrical insulation paper in addition to the first particles.
  • the inventors have found that second particles having a particle size of at least 5 microns and at most 150 microns, are particularly suitable for forming together with the first particles, the basic structure of the electrical insulation paper and thus build the electrical insulation paper. This will provide a high strength of the Elektroisolationspapiers achieved while conventional mica paper has only a low strength.
  • Second particles having a particle size of at least 50 ⁇ m and at most 150 ⁇ m are best suited to build up the electrical insulation paper together with the first particles.
  • a particularly high strength of the electrical insulation paper is achieved with these second particles.
  • the first and second particles have an aspect ratio of at least 5 and at most 100, preferably at least 20 and at most 100.
  • the aspect ratio denotes the longest dimension of a particle divided by the average thickness of the particle. The larger the aspect ratio, the flatter and flatter the particles.
  • Platelet-shaped mica particles typically have an aspect ratio greater than 4. With an aspect ratio of the first and second particles of at least 5 and at most 100, the particles are sufficiently flat to be easily processed into an electrical insulation paper. The flatter the first and the second particles, the better they can be processed into an electrical insulation paper. Particles having an aspect ratio of at least 20 and at most 100 are particularly well suited for processing into an electrical insulation paper.
  • a ratio of an average particle size of the first particle to an average particle size of the second particle is at least 3, preferably at least 5.
  • the mean particle size denotes the mean value of the distribution of the particle size, ie the longest dimension, of each particle within the particle size Group of the first and second particles. Since the first and the second particles are not formed identically with each other, the average value of this distribution is a suitable parameter for the particle size of the first particles to compare with the particle size of the second particle.
  • the ratio of the mean particle size of the first particle to the mean particle size of the second particle corresponds to the mean particle size of the first particle divided by the mean particle size of the second particle.
  • the second particles are substantially smaller than the first particles.
  • the second particles can be arranged particularly well between the first particles.
  • the second particles may be one particular form a branched network in the electrical insulation paper.
  • the highly branched network of the second particles leads to particularly many connections between the two opposite sides of the electrical insulation paper. As a result, a particularly high thermal conductivity of the electrical insulation paper is achieved.
  • a ratio of an average particle size of the first particle to an average particle size of the second particle is 0.2-1.5, preferably 0.2-0.8.
  • the second particles are substantially equal to or larger than the first particles.
  • the second particles form a supporting mechanical network in the electrical insulation paper, which increases the mechanical stability of the electrical insulation paper.
  • Conventional mica paper has little mechanical stability and tear resistance. Because of this, mica paper becomes to more stable mica tapes further processed by being applied to a support.
  • the electrical insulation paper can be advantageously used as such, that is without a support, in an electrical insulation body.
  • the second particles may comprise, for example, alumina, aluminum hydroxide, silica, titania, boron nitride, silicon nitride and / or metal nitride such as aluminum nitride.
  • the second particles comprise aluminum oxide and / or boron nitride.
  • Aluminum oxide and boron nitride have a particularly high thermal conductivity.
  • Aluminum oxide has a thermal conductivity at 20 ° C of 25-40 W / mK, for example 28 W / mK, boron nitride of 100-1000 W / mK.
  • the electrical insulation paper has a functionalizing agent which increases attractive interactions between the second particles.
  • the attractive interactions that form between the contact surfaces of adjacent particles include, for example, van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds. It is possible that the second particles themselves form only weak attractive interactions with each other. However, the weak attractive interactions may limit the strength of the electrical insulation paper. By using a functionalizing agent which increases the attractive interactions between the second particles, the strength of the electrical insulation paper can be further increased.
  • the functionalizing agent may, for example, form a thin film on the surface of the second particles, and enable the second particles to be coupled by means of a chemical reaction that takes place between the thin layers.
  • the person skilled in the art can easily test whether an agent increases the attractive interactions between the second particles.
  • the functionalizing agent may be, for example, a polyolefin alcohol, especially polyethylene glycol or an incompletely hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol having a molecular weight between 1000 and 4000, or a polyalkylsiloxane, especially methoxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, or a silicone polyester, or an alkoxysilane.
  • the alkoxysilane is preferably selected such that it has epoxide groups, in particular 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, or amino groups, in particular 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
  • the electrical insulation paper has a functionalizing agent which increases attractive interactions between the first particles.
  • the strength of the electrical insulation paper can be further increased, as already described for the second particles.
  • the electrical insulation paper has a functionalizing agent which increases attractive interactions between the first and second particles. This is another way to increase the strength of the electrical insulation paper.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing an electrical insulation paper.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the following steps: mixing a dispersion of first platelet-shaped particles which have sheet silicates and second platelet-shaped particles which have a heat conductivity at 20 ° C. of at least 1 W / mK, and a carrier fluid; Producing a sediment by sedimentation of the dispersion, whereby the first and the second particles are arranged substantially layer-like plane-parallel in the sediment; Removing the carrier fluid from the sediment; and finishing the electrical insulation paper.
  • the first and second particles preferably have a mass fraction in the dispersion which is chosen such that the electrical insulation paper has a porous structure and is thus impregnable.
  • the carrier fluid is, for example, water.
  • the first particles and the second particles are each arranged substantially plane-parallel in a layer-like manner.
  • the first and the second particles are also arranged in a substantially plane-parallel plane-parallel manner in the sediment.
  • the carrier fluid may be removed by evaporation from the sediment.
  • the carrier fluid may also be removed by pouring the dispersion to produce the pellet on a sieve or a sifter, aspirating the carrier fluid and then drying the pellet.
  • the drying may take place at a temperature of 20 ° C or at higher temperatures, such as from 110 ° C to 180 ° C.
  • Completing the electrical insulation paper may include, for example, pressing the electrical insulation paper to densify and / or smooth the electrical insulation paper.
  • additional components such as third particles may be present.
  • the invention relates to an electrical insulation tape with the inventive electrical insulation paper and a carrier.
  • the electrical insulation paper is applied to the substrate to improve processability.
  • the electrical insulation paper is glued to the carrier.
  • the carrier is preferably electrically non-conductive.
  • the support is also preferably porous, so that the electrical insulation tape can be impregnated by an impregnating resin.
  • the carrier is a knit, a nonwoven, a foam, in particular an open-cell foam, a glass knit, a glass roving, a woven fabric and / or a resin mat.
  • the invention relates to an electrical insulation body with the electrical insulation paper according to the invention, wherein the electrical insulation paper is impregnated with an impregnating resin having nanoscale and / or microscale inorganic particles, wherein the inorganic particles are in particular substantially spherical. Due to the inorganic particles, the Impregnation resin content of the electrical insulation body reduced and the thermal conductivity of the electrical insulation body can be further increased. In addition, the inorganic particles increase the resistance of the electrical insulation body against partial electrical discharges.
  • the inorganic particles of the impregnating resin comprise alumina, aluminum hydroxide, silica, titania, rare earth oxide, alkali metal oxide, and / or metal nitride such as aluminum nitride. These materials are particularly suitable for processing in the electrical insulation body, since they themselves are electrically non-conductive. In addition, particles that contain the substances mentioned, particularly resistant to high voltage.
  • the invention relates to the use of the electrical insulation body according to the invention for the electrical insulation of live or potential-carrying components.
  • the use is particularly advantageous in rotating electrical machines, such as generators and motors.
  • the main insulation in addition to the electrical insulation and the task of heat transport.
  • the high thermal conductivity of the electrical insulation body thus enables high performance of the machines.
  • the use of the electrical insulation body according to the invention is also possible in transformers and power electronic components.
  • the electrical insulation body according to the invention can also be used for the galvanic separation of conductive and / or semiconductive elements such as electrodes.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the impregnable electrical insulation paper according to the invention 1.
  • the electrical insulation paper 1 is porous and has mica particles 3 and alumina particles 5.
  • the mica particles 3 have an average particle size larger than an average particle size of the alumina particles 5.
  • the aluminum oxide particles 5 are thus smaller than the mica particles 3.
  • the aluminum oxide particles 5 are present in such a high volume fraction, based on the electrical insulation paper 1, that most of the aluminum oxide particles 5 are in touching contact with one or more further aluminum oxide particles 5.
  • a network of the aluminum oxide particles 5 is formed, which connects the two opposite broad sides of the electrical insulation paper 1 together.
  • the electrical insulation paper 1 has a particularly high thermal conductivity.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the impregnable electrical insulation paper 11 according to the invention.
  • the electrical insulation paper 11 is porous and has mica particles 13 and 15 aluminum oxide particles.
  • the mica particles 13 have an average particle size smaller than the average particle size of the alumina particles 15.
  • the aluminum oxide particles 15 are thus larger than the mica particles 13.
  • the aluminum oxide particles 15 form a supporting mechanical network in the electrical insulation paper 11. As a result, the electrical insulation paper 11 has high mechanical stability and high strength.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)
EP15187414.6A 2015-09-29 2015-09-29 Papier d'isolation electrique pouvant etre impregne et procede de fabrication d'un papier d'isolation electrique Withdrawn EP3151249A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15187414.6A EP3151249A1 (fr) 2015-09-29 2015-09-29 Papier d'isolation electrique pouvant etre impregne et procede de fabrication d'un papier d'isolation electrique
DE112016002960.8T DE112016002960A5 (de) 2015-09-29 2016-09-01 Imprägnierbares Elektroisolationspapier und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Elektroisolationspapiers
US15/759,594 US20190035514A1 (en) 2015-09-29 2016-09-01 Impregnable electrical insulating paper and method for producing electrical insulating paper
PCT/EP2016/070571 WO2017055004A1 (fr) 2015-09-29 2016-09-01 Papier d'isolation électrique imprégnable et procédé de fabrication d'un papier d'isolation électrique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15187414.6A EP3151249A1 (fr) 2015-09-29 2015-09-29 Papier d'isolation electrique pouvant etre impregne et procede de fabrication d'un papier d'isolation electrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3151249A1 true EP3151249A1 (fr) 2017-04-05

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EP15187414.6A Withdrawn EP3151249A1 (fr) 2015-09-29 2015-09-29 Papier d'isolation electrique pouvant etre impregne et procede de fabrication d'un papier d'isolation electrique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20190035514A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3151249A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE112016002960A5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017055004A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3385957A1 (fr) * 2017-04-04 2018-10-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Bande d'isolation électrique, machine électrique haute tension et procédé de fabrication d'une bande d'isolation électrique et machine électrique haute tension

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011138173A1 (fr) * 2010-05-07 2011-11-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Matériau isolant électrique, papier isolant et bande isolante pour une machine rotative haute tension
WO2014114472A1 (fr) * 2013-01-23 2014-07-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ensemble d'isolation pour une machine haute tension

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011138173A1 (fr) * 2010-05-07 2011-11-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Matériau isolant électrique, papier isolant et bande isolante pour une machine rotative haute tension
WO2014114472A1 (fr) * 2013-01-23 2014-07-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ensemble d'isolation pour une machine haute tension

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DE112016002960A5 (de) 2018-03-22
WO2017055004A1 (fr) 2017-04-06
US20190035514A1 (en) 2019-01-31

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