EP3148869A2 - Device for sealing an opening in a wall - Google Patents

Device for sealing an opening in a wall

Info

Publication number
EP3148869A2
EP3148869A2 EP15759831.9A EP15759831A EP3148869A2 EP 3148869 A2 EP3148869 A2 EP 3148869A2 EP 15759831 A EP15759831 A EP 15759831A EP 3148869 A2 EP3148869 A2 EP 3148869A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
balloon
orifice
flexible
circular plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15759831.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3148869B1 (en
Inventor
Daniel MARCIREAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3148869A2 publication Critical patent/EP3148869A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3148869B1 publication Critical patent/EP3148869B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
    • B63B43/10—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving buoyancy
    • B63B43/16—Temporary equipment for stopping leaks, e.g. collision mats

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for closing an orifice in a wall.
  • the technical field and the main application of the invention relate to the production and implementation of devices for the emergency filling, from the inside, of accidental waterways in the hull or the boat deck afloat. , but such a device can also be used to seal an accidental orifice in a tank such as fuel, and in this case from outside the tank.
  • a solution to the problem posed is a device for closing off an orifice in a wall, comprising at least one flexible and deformable balloon, a locking means capable of being slid into the orifice of the wall from one side thereof. and coming to bear against the opposite side of this wall, a bearing means adapted to rest on the at least one balloon and to take it sandwiched against the wall, and a connecting means between the locking means and the support means, and such that the locking means is a bar, the support means is a circular plate through which the connecting means passes and the latter is a flexible rope which is secured by a system blocking on the circular plate and whose traction on the locking bar puts the balloon in compression against one orifice.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a single balloon comprising an inner conduit in which the flexible connecting string passes and in another embodiment the device according to the invention comprises at least two balloons assembled together. against each other and delimiting between them a duct space in which passes the flexible connecting string.
  • a bar is slid into the orifice of the wall from one side thereof, a bar which is a locking means which is positioned against the opposite side of the wall which surrounds the orifice, - It connects, by a flexible connecting string, the locking bar to a circular plate which is a support means which sandwiches against the wall at least one flexible and deformable balloon positioned on the opposite side of the wall relative to the one where the blocking device is put in place,
  • the at least balloon is pressed against the orifice by traction on the flexible rope which is secured by a locking system on the circular plate, and crushing of the at least one balloon by pressing the circular plate.
  • the balloon or balloons are inflatable and are inflated after positioning, on the one hand, or thereof, against the orifice to be sealed, and on the other hand by the circular plate. , able to compress this or these balloons during its or their inflation, and taking it or them sandwiched against the wall.
  • the wall is that of the hull of a boat or vessel, mainly for pleasure or fishing.
  • the result is a new device and a new method of closing a hole in a wall, which are simple to implement and which address the problem and the disadvantages of the current devices and methods.
  • the volume of the balloon (s) and its mode of action make it adaptable to any waterway even in the case of irregular and not only circular breaches, and large sizes such as up to at least 20 dm 2 .
  • the device and the method according to the invention allow a rapid implementation, necessary in case of emergency during an accidental damage such as during a shock of the boat with an object drifting on the surface: such device can thus constitute a reference boating safety equipment; the introduction of a simple outer bar through the gap is indeed easy and fast, its effective and immediate anchoring then allows to apply a deflated balloon by sliding the plate along the rope (the operator using for example the pressure strong of his feet) and the balloon can then be heavily inflated until complete tightness.
  • this device can be used from the outside of a tank, either on land or at sea during the sinking of a ship to prevent, among other things, a fuel leak: the use of the device is then simply inverted, the locking means being placed inside the tank, and the balloon or balls bearing against the outside against its wall.
  • the materials of the device must then, in this use, resist hydrocarbons for the case of fuel tank, but in the case of leakage, for example, water tank on land, it is of course not necessary.
  • this duct which is inside a single balloon or defined by a space delimited between several contiguous balloons, is flexible and deformable, and also crushes, during the compression of the balloon or balls, against the connecting means which passes therethrough, thereby sealing against it and preventing water or other fluid from passing through this conduit.
  • the balloon can also serve as a fender to protect the hull of the ship by interposing between it this and any wall against which the ship berths (wharf, other ship ).
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary device according to the invention with a single inflatable balloon traversed by a conduit, in the assembly position but before implementation.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of the device of Figure 1 along a plane passing through the axis of the inner conduit of the balloon.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the example of the device of Figures 1 and 2 in the implementation position for sealing an orifice such as a waterway in a ship hull.
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of the device of Figure 3 along a plane passing through the axis of the inner conduit of the balloon as in Figure 2, and during the pressurization of the balloon which will then come close the orifice of the hull.
  • the device for closing off an orifice 9 in a wall 8 such as that of a boat or ship as represented in FIGS. 3 and 4, comprises:
  • a single flexible and deformable balloon 3 having an inner conduit 12 sealed with respect to the remainder of the volume of the balloon, which conduit 12 is preferably axial, that is to say passing through the center of the volume of the balloon, which may be quasi-spherical shape such as 50 cm in diameter, which balloon may be PVC approximately 0.7 mm thick,
  • a blocking means 1 capable of being slid into the orifice 9 of the wall 8 from one side thereof, said blocking means 1 being a metal bar such as aluminum, and allowing immediate anchoring / blocking and effective against the wall 8 surrounding the orifice 9, -
  • connecting means 2 which is a rope such as textile, between the blocking means 1, either said bar 1, and the support means 4, or the circular plate 4,
  • the circular plate 4 is slid along the rope 2, and then said plate 4 is pressed against the balloon 3 by a simple strong pressure of the feet, which already ensures a rapid closure of the orifice 9.
  • the closure device comprises a locking system 5 of the connecting means 2 relative to the support means or circular plate 4 , thereby securing the connecting means 2 on the support means 4 at this distance from the partition 8.
  • the balloon when the balloon is inflatable, it can then be more strongly inflated until the complete seal, or by manual inflation (possible in 10 seconds maximum), or by gas cartridge (even faster).
  • the distance between the circular plate 4 and the wall 8 can be given and desired for a deformable and non-inflatable flexible balloon, and combined with the inflation pressure of the balloon when it is inflatable, or with the hardness of its foam. it is not inflatable, it must ensure the compression of the balloon 3, against this wall and thus on the orifice 9 which is thus closed, to a value able to oppose the force of the pressure of the water outdoor; the choice of the value of this distance can be evaluated and adjusted by the operator himself.
  • an inflation hose 6 with a non-return valve and a three-way valve 7 to adapt an inflator or a manual pump or a gas cartridge; the valve 7 also comprises a deflation valve.
  • the surface of the balloon 3 intended to be applied to the orifice 9 or gap is preferably covered with a resin-coated fabric or any other product that can harden on contact with water in order to complete the sealing of the device on the contours. breach or orifice 9.
  • Embodiments using two or three or more balloons, contiguous to each other, are not shown in the present embodiment which only describes a device with a single balloon but their technique of realization and their method of setting are the same as those described above and shown in the accompanying figures, and are therefore included in the present invention.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for sealing an opening in a wall, which includes: at least one flexible, deformable balloon (3); a locking means (1), which is a bar that is slidable into the opening (9) of the wall (8) from one side (10) of the latter and engages with the opposite side (11) of said wall (8); a bearing means (4) that is a circular plate capable of bearing on the at least one balloon (3) and of sandwiching same against the wall (8); and a connection means (2), which is a flexible rope located between the locking means (1) and the bearing means (4), passes through an inner duct (12) of the balloon (3), and is capable of compressing the balloon (3) against the opening (9).

Description

DISPOSITIF D ' OBTURATION D ' UN ORIFICE DANS UNE PAROI  DEVICE FOR SHUTTING OFF AN ORIFICE IN A WALL
La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif d'obturation d'un orifice dans une paroi. The present invention relates to a device for closing an orifice in a wall.
Le domaine technique et l'application principale de l'invention concernent la réalisation et la mise en œuvre de dispositifs pour l'obturation en urgence, depuis l'intérieur, de voies d'eau accidentelles dans la coque ou le pont de bateau à flot, mais un tel dispositif peut être également utilisé pour obturer un orifice accidentel dans un réservoir tel que de carburant, et en ce cas depuis l'extérieur de ce réservoir.  The technical field and the main application of the invention relate to the production and implementation of devices for the emergency filling, from the inside, of accidental waterways in the hull or the boat deck afloat. , but such a device can also be used to seal an accidental orifice in a tank such as fuel, and in this case from outside the tank.
Il est connu en effet qu'une voie d'eau dans une coque de navire est une avarie qui peut entraîner sa perte, même lors d'une navigation côtière, et qui nécessite souvent, outre l'intervention de l'équipage, l'appel à des moyens de secours extérieurs : c'est ainsi la troisième cause d' intervention des équipages de la Société Nationale des Sauveteurs en Mer (SNSM) en France. Les voies d'eau de tous types, incluant les brèches de coques, étaient en 2002 le second motif d' intervention des Coast Guards aux Etats- Unis, pour 500 accidents responsables de 111 décès et plus de 11 millions de dollars de dommages matériels.  It is known in fact that a waterway in a hull of a ship is a damage that can lead to its loss, even during a coastal navigation, and which often requires, in addition to the intervention of the crew, the call for external assistance: this is the third cause of intervention of the crews of the National Society of Lifeguards at Sea (SNSM) in France. Waterways of all types, including hull breaches, were the Coast Guard 's second reason for action in the United States in 2002, with 500 accidents causing 111 deaths and more than $ 11 million in property damage.
Bien que non obligatoire depuis la mise à jour de la réglementation française (dans la division 240), la présence, à bord des navires de plaisance, d'un système d'obturation en urgence des voies d'eau reste largement recommandée. Les équipements disponibles à ce jour sont cependant limités aux brèches étroites et à la fermeture de passe-coques, donc de section circulaire.  Although not mandatory since the update of the French regulations (in division 240), the presence on board recreational vessels of an emergency filling system for waterways remains widely recommended. The equipment available to date, however, are limited to narrow breaches and closing hulls, so circular section.
On connaît en effet différents produits développés et commercialisés pour obturer des voies d'eau, tels que des pinoches en bois adaptées seulement aux orifices circulaires et de faible diamètre : en pratique leur usage est donc limité à l'obturation des vannes et passe-coques. Il a été développé également des pinoches souples telles que décrites dans le brevet US 8689717 de la Société Artelier Studio, commercialisées sous la marque « Truplug® », et qui ont la même utilisation que les pinoches en bois : elles sont présentées comme également utilisables pour des brèches plus grandes, irrégulières et longues, mais en utilisant alors soit une pinoche découpée dans le sens de leur longueur ou plusieurs de ces pinoches, mais qui nécessitent alors leur association avec des pompes car elles ne peuvent pas assurer une bonne étanchéité ; des tests à flot ont mis du reste en doute leur efficacité. Indeed, various products developed and marketed to seal waterways, such as wooden sticks adapted only to circular orifices of small diameter, are known: in practice their use is therefore limited to closing off the valves and thru-hulls. . It was also developed soft spruce as described in US Patent 8689717 of the Artelier Studio Company, marketed under the trademark "Truplug®", and which have the same use as wooden sticks: they are presented as also usable for larger, irregular and long gaps, but then using either a pinch cut in the direction of their length or several of these sticks, but which then require their association with pumps because they can not ensure a good seal; tests afloat have doubted their effectiveness.
On connaît par ailleurs des systèmes que l'on introduit dans la brèche ouverte dans la coque et dont une partie est déployée à l'extérieur comme un parapluie ; on peut citer dans ce domaine :  Systems are also known that are introduced into the gap open in the shell and a part of which is deployed externally like an umbrella; we can mention in this area:
- Le brevet US5253602 de John B. Moriarty qui enseigne un système comprenant un axe fileté rigide gainé d'un manchon circulaire sur lequel coulisse un collier articulé avec des baleines disposées en rayon de roue, support d'une membrane imperméable ; introduit à travers la brèche, le système est ouvert comme un parapluie puis tracté pour obturer l'orifice par l'extérieur de la coque grâce à la membrane qui s'applique contre celle-ci ; l' étanchéité ainsi obtenue peut être améliorée en vissant un couvercle rigide à la partie intérieure de la tige après enlèvement de la poignée et une chambre à air annulaire peut aussi être interposée entre ce couvercle et le parapluie autour de la tige filetée et gonflée pour en combler l'espace.  - Patent US5253602 John B. Moriarty which teaches a system comprising a rigid threaded shaft sheathed with a circular sleeve on which slides a hinged collar with whales arranged in a wheel radius, supporting an impermeable membrane; introduced through the breach, the system is opened like an umbrella and then pulled to close the orifice by the outside of the shell thanks to the membrane which is applied against it; the seal thus obtained can be improved by screwing a rigid cover to the inner part of the stem after removal of the handle and an annular air chamber can also be interposed between this cover and the umbrella around the threaded rod and inflated to fill the space.
- la demande de brevet WO88/08389 de Monsieur Barelier décrivant un « dispositif de pinoche fonctionnelle auto- étanchéiseuse », constitué par trois éléments que l'on enfile à travers l'orifice que l'on veut obturer et dont une partie se déploie à l'extérieur à la manière d'un parapluie pour assurer la résistance à la pression et 1' étanchéité, mais comme pour le précédent brevet un tel système est d'une complexité mécanique difficile à mettre en œuvre . patent application WO88 / 08389 by M. Barelier describing a "self-sealing functional pinch device" consisting of three elements that are threaded through the orifice that is to be closed off and a part of which deploys at the outside in the manner of an umbrella to ensure the pressure resistance and 1 seal, but as for the previous patent such system is of mechanical complexity difficult to implement.
On peut citer également la demande de brevet US5305702 de Donald E. Philips qui enseigne un arbre central rigide introduit par la brèche et accroché à l'extérieur de la coque par des pattes articulées, la mise en compression mécanique d'un couvercle intérieur, dont la nature n'est pas précisée, étant assurée par une poignée de traction puis un collier de verrouillage : l'étanchéité est réalisée par un joint pneumatique circulaire solidaire de la périphérie du couvercle, qui peut être associé à des capsules délitables ou gonflé à l'air comprimé.  We can also cite the US5305702 patent application of Donald E. Philips which teaches a rigid central shaft introduced by the breach and hung on the outside of the shell by articulated legs, the mechanical compression of an inner cover, of which the nature is not specified, being provided by a pulling handle and a locking collar: the seal is achieved by a circular pneumatic seal secured to the periphery of the cover, which can be associated with deltable capsules or inflated to the 'pressurized air.
Enfin on peut citer différents dispositifs qui tendent à boucher l'orifice par une expansion de volume dans cet orifice tel que le brevet FR 2808499 de Monsieur Acquaviva qui enseigne un élément gonflable que l'on introduit dans l'orifice et que l'on gonfle par de l'air ou un gaz comprimé. Le brevet FR 2743347 de Monsieur Montel décrit par ailleurs un composé polymérisable réagissant rapidement par expansion au contact de l'eau et que l'on introduit donc dans l'orifice pour l'obturer : un tel produit est limité par son application qui ne peut être que manuelle et pour de petits orifices, car il faut maintenir le produit le temps qu'il polymérise et s' expanse tout en essayant de maintenir la pression de l'eau et l'étanchéité, ce qui n'est pas très facile à réaliser en même temps.  Finally there may be mentioned various devices that tend to plug the orifice by an expansion of volume in this orifice such as the patent FR 2808499 Mr. Acquaviva who teaches an inflatable element that is introduced into the orifice and that is inflated by air or compressed gas. The FR 2743347 patent of M. Montel also discloses a polymerizable compound rapidly reacting by expansion in contact with water and that is therefore introduced into the orifice to seal: such a product is limited by its application which can not It is only manual and for small holes, because it is necessary to maintain the product the time that it polymerizes and expands while trying to maintain the pressure of the water and the watertightness, which is not very easy to achieve at the same time.
Si certes tous ces produits ou dispositifs ont pour objectif, comme la présente invention, d'obturer un orifice provoquant, quand il s'agit d'un bateau, une voie d'eau dans une paroi, ils ont tous au moins l'un des inconvénients suivants :  While certainly all these products or devices are intended, like the present invention, to seal a hole causing, when it comes to a boat, a waterway in a wall, they all have at least one following disadvantages:
- leur mise en œuvre est compliquée et/ou limité par la force due à la pression de l'eau dès que l'orifice est supérieur à quelques centimètres de diamètre,  their implementation is complicated and / or limited by the force due to the pressure of the water as soon as the orifice is greater than a few centimeters in diameter,
- il n'est pas vraiment possible d'obturer avec la plupart de ces produits des brèches irrégulières, - l'application restrictive à une surface plane, soit à l'extérieur de la coque, ce qui n'est pas toujours le cas (brèche de l'étrave, proche de l'implantation de quille ou de la mèche de safran, de l'arbre d'hélice...), soit à l'intérieur, ce qui ne l'est jamais dans les bateaux modernes de plaisance, - it is not really possible to seal with most of these products irregular breccias, - the restrictive application to a flat surface, ie outside the hull, which is not always the case (breach of the bow, close to the implantation of the keel or the rudder lock, the propeller shaft ...), either indoors, which is never the case in modern yachting boats,
- l'utilisation d'un axe central rigide et de parties métalliques en contact, filetées, coulissantes ou articulées : un tel système est d'utilisation difficile sous la ligne de flottaison d'un navire en mer agitée se remplissant d'eau, et est susceptible de blocage et de vieillissement prématuré au stockage en ambiance salée,  the use of a rigid central axis and metal parts in contact, threaded, sliding or articulated: such a system is difficult to use under the waterline of a vessel in the rough sea filling with water, and is susceptible to blockage and premature aging when stored in a salty atmosphere,
- l'introduction nécessaire d'une partie plus ou moins volumineuse et fragile du système (parapluie, ballon, système d'ancrage articulé) par la brèche, impossible dans la pratique du fait d'une part du débit d'eau important même à travers une petite brèche, et d'autre part s'il s'agit d'une fissure étroite,  - the necessary introduction of a more or less voluminous and fragile part of the system (umbrella, balloon, articulated anchoring system) by the breach, impossible in practice because of the large water flow through a small gap, and secondly if it is a narrow crack,
- une obturation de l'orifice par l'extérieur de la coque, pouvant nécessiter une mise en place ou tout au moins un contrôle par un plongeur, ce qui est très restrictif en situation d'urgence, et difficilement compatible avec la poursuite de la navigation du navire,  a closing of the orifice by the outside of the shell, which may require an installation or at least a control by a diver, which is very restrictive in an emergency situation, and hardly compatible with the continuation of the ship navigation,
- l'adaptation nécessaire de la taille et du poids des pièces rigides du système à la surface maximale que l'on souhaite obturer, avec ses conséquences sur la facilité d'utilisation, l'encombrement et le poids au stockage, et le prix.  the necessary adaptation of the size and the weight of the rigid parts of the system to the maximum surface that one wishes to close, with its consequences on the usability, the space requirement and the storage weight, and the price.
Le problème posé est ainsi de répondre à ces inconvénients et limites des systèmes actuels, à savoir pour obturer, de l'intérieur d'une coque de navire, des orifices jusqu'à au moins 20 dm2 (et donc même au-dessus), qui ne soient pas uniquement de forme circulaire mais (pouvant être créés par un choc et /ou une rupture de coque) peuvent être de forme irrégulière, avec des surfaces de paroi tant interne qu'externe non plane, sans pièce mécanique complexe ni introduction d'une partie importante et/ou fragile par l'orifice, et qui soit facile d'utilisation, d'un coût et d'un encombrement réduit, et apte à s'adapter à différentes dimensions d'orifices à obturer . The problem is thus to meet these drawbacks and limitations of current systems, namely to seal, from the inside of a ship's hull, orifices up to at least 20 dm 2 (and therefore even above) , which are not only circular in shape but (which can be created by impact and / or shell breakage) may be irregularly shaped, with both internal and external non-planar wall surfaces, without a complex mechanical part or introducing a large and / or fragile part through the orifice, and which is easy to use, of a cost and compactness, and adapted to adapt to different sizes of orifices to be closed.
Une solution au problème posé est un dispositif d'obturation d'un orifice dans une paroi, comprenant au moins un ballon souple et déformable, un moyen de blocage apte à être glissé dans l'orifice de la paroi depuis un côté de celle-ci et à venir en appui contre le côté opposé de cette paroi , un moyen d'appui apte à s'appuyer sur le au moins ballon et à prendre celui-ci en sandwich contre la paroi, et un moyen de liaison entre le moyen de blocage et le moyen d'appui, et tel que le moyen de blocage est une barre, le moyen d'appui est une plaquette circulaire au travers de laquelle passe le moyen de liaison et celui-ci est un cordage souple qui est solidarisé par un système de blocage sur la plaquette circulaire et dont la traction sur la barre de blocage met en compression le ballon contre 1 ' orifice .  A solution to the problem posed is a device for closing off an orifice in a wall, comprising at least one flexible and deformable balloon, a locking means capable of being slid into the orifice of the wall from one side thereof. and coming to bear against the opposite side of this wall, a bearing means adapted to rest on the at least one balloon and to take it sandwiched against the wall, and a connecting means between the locking means and the support means, and such that the locking means is a bar, the support means is a circular plate through which the connecting means passes and the latter is a flexible rope which is secured by a system blocking on the circular plate and whose traction on the locking bar puts the balloon in compression against one orifice.
Dans un mode particulier de réalisation, le dispositif suivant l'invention comprend un seul ballon comportant un conduit intérieur dans lequel passe le cordage souple de liaison et dans un autre moyen de réalisation le dispositif suivant l'invention comporte au moins deux ballons assemblés l'un contre l'autre et délimitant entre eux un espace formant conduit dans lequel passe le cordage souple de liaison.  In a particular embodiment, the device according to the invention comprises a single balloon comprising an inner conduit in which the flexible connecting string passes and in another embodiment the device according to the invention comprises at least two balloons assembled together. against each other and delimiting between them a duct space in which passes the flexible connecting string.
Une autre solution au problème posé est un procédé d'obturation d'un orifice dans une paroi tel que :  Another solution to the problem posed is a method of closing an orifice in a wall such as:
- on glisse dans l'orifice de la paroi depuis un côté de celle-ci, une barre qui est un moyen de blocage que l'on vient positionner contre le côté opposé de la paroi qui entoure l'orifice, - on relie, par un cordage souple de liaison, cette barre de blocage à une plaquette circulaire qui est un moyen d'appui qui prend en sandwich contre la paroi au moins un ballon souple et déformable positionné du côté opposé de la paroi par rapport à celui où est mis en place le moyen de blocage, a bar is slid into the orifice of the wall from one side thereof, a bar which is a locking means which is positioned against the opposite side of the wall which surrounds the orifice, - It connects, by a flexible connecting string, the locking bar to a circular plate which is a support means which sandwiches against the wall at least one flexible and deformable balloon positioned on the opposite side of the wall relative to the one where the blocking device is put in place,
- on met en compression le au moins ballon contre l'orifice par traction sur le cordage souple qui est solidarisé par un système de blocage sur la plaquette circulaire, et écrasement du au moins ballon par appui de la plaquette circulaire.  - The at least balloon is pressed against the orifice by traction on the flexible rope which is secured by a locking system on the circular plate, and crushing of the at least one balloon by pressing the circular plate.
Dans un mode préférentiel de réalisation le ou les ballons sont gonflables et sont gonflés après mise en place d'une part de celui-ci, ou de ceux-ci, contre l'orifice à obturer, et d'autre part de la plaquette circulaire, apte à compresser ce ou ces ballons lors de son ou de leur gonflage, et prenant celui-ci ou ceux-ci en sandwich contre la paroi.  In a preferred embodiment, the balloon or balloons are inflatable and are inflated after positioning, on the one hand, or thereof, against the orifice to be sealed, and on the other hand by the circular plate. , able to compress this or these balloons during its or their inflation, and taking it or them sandwiched against the wall.
Dans l'application principale de l'invention, et la plus adaptée à celle-ci, la paroi est celle de la coque d'un bateau ou navire, principalement de plaisance ou de pêche .  In the main application of the invention, and the most adapted to it, the wall is that of the hull of a boat or vessel, mainly for pleasure or fishing.
Le résultat est un nouveau dispositif et un nouveau procédé d'obturation d'un orifice dans une paroi, qui sont simples à mettre en œuvre et qui répondent au problème posé et aux inconvénients des dispositifs et procédés actuels.  The result is a new device and a new method of closing a hole in a wall, which are simple to implement and which address the problem and the disadvantages of the current devices and methods.
En effet, la présente invention apporte de nombreux avantages tels que :  Indeed, the present invention provides many advantages such as:
- une compression mixte (plaquette circulaire + ballon gonflé) , plus importante,  a mixed compression (circular plate + inflated balloon), more important,
- une surface de contact contre la paroi autour de l'orifice, plus étendue,  a contact surface against the wall around the larger orifice,
- le faible encombrement de la barre de blocage/d ' accrochage,  - the small size of the locking bar / hooking,
- l'absence de pièces métalliques en contact, - la souplesse du système de mise en compression et de verrouillage (absence d'axe rigide), - the absence of metal parts in contact, the flexibility of the compression and locking system (absence of rigid axis),
- la possibilité d'utilisation du dispositif « à distance », c'est-à-dire sans nécessiter de nombreuses manipulations à proximité et/ou directement dans l' orifice,  the possibility of using the device "at a distance", that is to say without requiring numerous manipulations in the vicinity and / or directly in the orifice,
- elle assure l'application puis le maintien d'une force et d'une étanchéité suffisantes pour s'opposer respectivement à la pression de l'eau (jusqu'à une profondeur raisonnable comme précisé ci-après) et aux fuites ,  it ensures the application and the maintenance of a sufficient force and a tightness to oppose respectively the pressure of the water (to a reasonable depth as specified hereinafter) and the leaks,
- le volume du ou des ballons et son mode d'action le rendent adaptable à toute voie d'eau même dans le cas de brèches irrégulières et non pas seulement circulaires, et de grandes tailles telles que jusqu'à au moins 20 dm2. the volume of the balloon (s) and its mode of action make it adaptable to any waterway even in the case of irregular and not only circular breaches, and large sizes such as up to at least 20 dm 2 .
Il est certain cependant que son utilisation est limitée aux voies d'eau près de la surface soit pour une pression d'eau correspondant à environ au plus 5 m de profondeur par exemple, ce qui donne déjà une force de 50 kg pour un orifice de 100 cm2 (correspondant à un carré de 10 cm X 10 cm) . It is certain, however, that its use is limited to waterways near the surface either for a water pressure corresponding to at most 5 m deep, for example, which already gives a force of 50 kg for an orifice of 100 cm 2 (corresponding to a square of 10 cm X 10 cm).
De plus, le dispositif et le procédé suivant l'invention permettent une mise en œuvre rapide, nécessaire en cas d'urgence lors d'une avarie accidentelle telle que lors d'un choc du bateau avec un objet dérivant à la surface : un tel dispositif peut constituer ainsi un équipement de sécurité nautique de référence ; l'introduction d'une simple barre extérieure par la brèche est en effet aisée et rapide, son ancrage efficace et immédiat permettant ensuite d'appliquer un ballon dégonflé en faisant coulisser la plaque le long du cordage (l'opérateur utilisant par exemple la pression forte de ses pieds) et le ballon peut alors être fortement gonflé jusqu'à étanchéité complète. De même, ce dispositif peut être utilisé depuis l'extérieur d'un réservoir, soit alors à terre soit en mer lors du naufrage d'un navire pour empêcher, entre autres, une fuite de carburant : l'utilisation du dispositif est simplement alors inversée, le moyen de blocage étant placé à l'intérieur du réservoir, et le ou les ballons venant en appui à l'extérieur contre sa paroi. Les matériaux du dispositif doivent alors, dans cette utilisation, résister aux hydrocarbures pour le cas de réservoir de carburant, mais dans le cas de fuite, par exemple, de réservoir d'eau à terre, ce n'est bien sûr pas nécessaire. In addition, the device and the method according to the invention allow a rapid implementation, necessary in case of emergency during an accidental damage such as during a shock of the boat with an object drifting on the surface: such device can thus constitute a reference boating safety equipment; the introduction of a simple outer bar through the gap is indeed easy and fast, its effective and immediate anchoring then allows to apply a deflated balloon by sliding the plate along the rope (the operator using for example the pressure strong of his feet) and the balloon can then be heavily inflated until complete tightness. Similarly, this device can be used from the outside of a tank, either on land or at sea during the sinking of a ship to prevent, among other things, a fuel leak: the use of the device is then simply inverted, the locking means being placed inside the tank, and the balloon or balls bearing against the outside against its wall. The materials of the device must then, in this use, resist hydrocarbons for the case of fuel tank, but in the case of leakage, for example, water tank on land, it is of course not necessary.
On peut également utiliser un ou des ballons en mousse imperméable, et donc non gonflables mais souples et déformables avec bien sûr un conduit intérieur le ou les traversant de part en part : on précise que ce conduit, qui soit intérieur à un seul ballon ou défini par un espace délimité entre plusieurs ballons accolés, est souple et déformable, et s'écrase également, lors de la mise en compression du ou des ballons, contre le moyen de liaison qui le traverse, assurant ainsi l'étanchéité contre celui- ci et empêchant l'eau ou d'autre fluide de traverser ce conduit .  It is also possible to use a balloon or balls made of impermeable foam, and therefore non-inflatable but flexible and deformable, of course with an inner duct passing through them: it is specified that this duct, which is inside a single balloon or defined by a space delimited between several contiguous balloons, is flexible and deformable, and also crushes, during the compression of the balloon or balls, against the connecting means which passes therethrough, thereby sealing against it and preventing water or other fluid from passing through this conduit.
Dans le cas de ballon en mousse et même du reste si le ballon est gonflable, mais certes il est alors plus volumineux et plus fragile, le ballon peut servir également de pare-battage pour protéger la coque du navire en l'intercalant entre celle-ci et toute paroi contre laquelle le navire accoste (quai, autre navire...) .  In the case of foam balloon and even the rest if the balloon is inflatable, but certainly it is then larger and more fragile, the balloon can also serve as a fender to protect the hull of the ship by interposing between it this and any wall against which the ship berths (wharf, other ship ...).
L'ensemble de ces caractéristiques ainsi que celles décrites ci-après apportent de nombreux avantages et montrent la nouveauté et l'intérêt du dispositif et procédé selon l'invention.  All these characteristics as well as those described below bring many advantages and show the novelty and the interest of the device and method according to the invention.
La description et les dessins ci-joints représentent un exemple de réalisation de l'invention mais n'ont aucun caractère limitatif : d'autres réalisations sont possibles dans le cadre de la portée et de l'étendue de cette invention, en particulier en utilisant deux ballons accolés ou trois disposés en trèfle ou même plus. The description and the accompanying drawings represent an exemplary embodiment of the invention but are not limiting in nature: other embodiments are possible within the scope and scope of this invention. invention, in particular by using two balloons contiguous or three arranged clover or even more.
La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple de dispositif suivant l'invention avec un seul ballon gonflable traversé par un conduit, en position d'assemblage mais avant mise en œuvre.  Figure 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary device according to the invention with a single inflatable balloon traversed by a conduit, in the assembly position but before implementation.
La figure 2 est une vue en coupe du dispositif de la figure 1 suivant un plan passant par l'axe du conduit intérieur du ballon.  Figure 2 is a sectional view of the device of Figure 1 along a plane passing through the axis of the inner conduit of the balloon.
La figure 3 est une vue en perspective de l'exemple du dispositif des figures 1 et 2 en position de mise en œuvre pour obturer un orifice tel qu'une voie d'eau dans une coque de navire.  Figure 3 is a perspective view of the example of the device of Figures 1 and 2 in the implementation position for sealing an orifice such as a waterway in a ship hull.
La figure 4 est une vue en coupe du dispositif de la figure 3 suivant un plan passant par l'axe du conduit intérieur du ballon comme sur la figure 2, et lors de la mise en pression du ballon qui va alors venir obturer l'orifice de la coque.  Figure 4 is a sectional view of the device of Figure 3 along a plane passing through the axis of the inner conduit of the balloon as in Figure 2, and during the pressurization of the balloon which will then come close the orifice of the hull.
Dans cet exemple de réalisation, le dispositif d'obturation d'un orifice 9 dans une paroi 8 telle que celle d'un bateau ou navire comme représenté sur les figures 3 et 4, comprend :  In this exemplary embodiment, the device for closing off an orifice 9 in a wall 8 such as that of a boat or ship as represented in FIGS. 3 and 4, comprises:
- un seul ballon 3 souple et déformable comportant un conduit intérieur 12 étanche par rapport au reste du volume du ballon, lequel conduit 12 est de préférence axial c'est-à-dire passant par le centre du volume du ballon, qui peut être de forme quasi sphérique tel que de 50 cm de diamètre, lequel ballon pouvant être en PVC d'épaisseur 0,7 mm environ,  - A single flexible and deformable balloon 3 having an inner conduit 12 sealed with respect to the remainder of the volume of the balloon, which conduit 12 is preferably axial, that is to say passing through the center of the volume of the balloon, which may be quasi-spherical shape such as 50 cm in diameter, which balloon may be PVC approximately 0.7 mm thick,
- un moyen de blocage 1 apte a être glissé dans l'orifice 9 de la paroi 8 depuis un côté 10 de celle- ci, ledit moyen de blocage 1 étant une barre métallique telle qu'en aluminium, et permettant un ancrage/blocage immédiat et efficace contre la paroi 8 entourant l'orifice 9, - un moyen d'appui 4, qui est une plaquette circulaire telle qu'en polyéthylène et au travers de laquelle passe en son centre un moyen de liaison 2, a blocking means 1 capable of being slid into the orifice 9 of the wall 8 from one side thereof, said blocking means 1 being a metal bar such as aluminum, and allowing immediate anchoring / blocking and effective against the wall 8 surrounding the orifice 9, - A support means 4, which is a circular plate such as polyethylene and through which passes in its center a connecting means 2,
- et ledit moyen de liaison 2 qui est un cordage tel qu'en textile, entre le moyen de blocage 1, soit ladite barre 1, et le moyen d'appui 4, soit la plaquette circulaire 4,  and said connecting means 2 which is a rope such as textile, between the blocking means 1, either said bar 1, and the support means 4, or the circular plate 4,
- ledit moyen de liaison 2 traversant le conduit 12 et étant apte à permettre la mise en compression du ballon 3 contre l'orifice 9 par traction sur le moyen de blocage 1 et par prise en sandwich du ballon 3 entre le moyen d' appui 4 et la paroi 8.  - said connecting means 2 passing through the conduit 12 and being adapted to allow the compression of the balloon 3 against the orifice 9 by pulling on the blocking means 1 and by sandwiching the balloon 3 between the support means 4 and the wall 8.
Pour assurer ladite compression, on fait coulisser la plaquette circulaire 4 le long du cordage 2, et on appuie alors ladite plaquette 4 contre le ballon 3 par une simple pression forte des pieds, ce qui assure déjà une obturation rapide de l'orifice 9.  To ensure said compression, the circular plate 4 is slid along the rope 2, and then said plate 4 is pressed against the balloon 3 by a simple strong pressure of the feet, which already ensures a rapid closure of the orifice 9.
Pour maintenir alors le moyen d' appui ou plaquette circulaire 4 à la distance ainsi obtenue de la paroi 8, le dispositif d'obturation comporte un système de blocage 5 du moyen de liaison 2 par rapport à ce moyen d'appui ou plaquette circulaire 4, solidarisant ainsi le moyen de liaison 2 sur ce moyen d'appui 4 à cette distance de la cloison 8. Et quand le ballon est gonflable, celui-ci peut être alors de plus fortement gonflée jusqu'à obtenir l'étanchéité complète, soit par gonflage manuel (possible en 10 secondes maximum) , soit par cartouche de gaz (encore plus rapide) .  To then hold the support means or circular plate 4 at the distance thus obtained from the wall 8, the closure device comprises a locking system 5 of the connecting means 2 relative to the support means or circular plate 4 , thereby securing the connecting means 2 on the support means 4 at this distance from the partition 8. And when the balloon is inflatable, it can then be more strongly inflated until the complete seal, or by manual inflation (possible in 10 seconds maximum), or by gas cartridge (even faster).
La distance entre la plaquette circulaire 4 et la paroi 8 peut être donnée et voulue pour un ballon souple déformable et non gonflable, et combinée avec la pression de gonflage du ballon quand celui-ci est gonflable, ou avec la dureté de sa mousse s'il n'est pas gonflable, elle doit assurer la compression du ballon 3, contre cette paroi et donc sur l'orifice 9 qui est ainsi obturé, à une valeur apte à s'opposer à la force de la pression de l'eau extérieure ; le choix de la valeur de cette distance peut être évaluée et ajustée par l'opérateur lui-même. The distance between the circular plate 4 and the wall 8 can be given and desired for a deformable and non-inflatable flexible balloon, and combined with the inflation pressure of the balloon when it is inflatable, or with the hardness of its foam. it is not inflatable, it must ensure the compression of the balloon 3, against this wall and thus on the orifice 9 which is thus closed, to a value able to oppose the force of the pressure of the water outdoor; the choice of the value of this distance can be evaluated and adjusted by the operator himself.
Pour permettre le gonflage du ballon, celui-ci est équipé d'un tuyau de gonflage 6 avec une valve anti-retour et un robinet 7 à trois voies pour adapter un gonfleur ou une pompe manuelle ou une cartouche de gaz ; le robinet 7 comporte également une valve de dégonflage.  To allow inflation of the balloon, it is equipped with an inflation hose 6 with a non-return valve and a three-way valve 7 to adapt an inflator or a manual pump or a gas cartridge; the valve 7 also comprises a deflation valve.
La surface du ballon 3 destinée à être appliquée sur l'orifice 9 ou brèche est de préférence recouverte d'un tissu enduit de résine ou tout autre produit pouvant durcir au contact de l'eau afin de compléter l'étanchéité du dispositif sur les contours de la brèche ou orifice 9.  The surface of the balloon 3 intended to be applied to the orifice 9 or gap is preferably covered with a resin-coated fabric or any other product that can harden on contact with water in order to complete the sealing of the device on the contours. breach or orifice 9.
Des modes de réalisation utilisant deux ou trois ou plus de ballons, accolés les uns aux autres, ne sont pas représentés dans le présent exemple de réalisation qui ne décrit qu'un dispositif avec un seul ballon mais leur technique de réalisation et leur procédé de mise en œuvre sont les mêmes que ceux décrits ci-dessus et représentés sur les figures jointes, et sont donc compris dans la présente invention.  Embodiments using two or three or more balloons, contiguous to each other, are not shown in the present embodiment which only describes a device with a single balloon but their technique of realization and their method of setting are the same as those described above and shown in the accompanying figures, and are therefore included in the present invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 - Dispositif d'obturation d'un orifice dans une paroi comprenant au moins un ballon (3) souple et déformable, un moyen de blocage (1) apte à être glissé dans l'orifice (9) de la paroi (8) depuis un côté (10) de celle- ci et à venir en appui contre le côté opposé (11) de cette paroi (8), un moyen d'appui (4) apte à s'appuyer sur le au moins ballon (3) et à prendre celui-ci en sandwich contre la paroi (8), et un moyen de liaison (2) entre le moyen de blocage (1) et le moyen d'appui (4), caractérisé en ce que le moyen de blocage (1) est une barre, le moyen d'appui (4) est une plaquette circulaire au travers de laquelle passe le moyen de liaison (2) et celui-ci est un cordage souple qui est solidarisé par un système de blocage (5) sur la plaquette circulaire (4) et dont la traction sur la barre de blocage (1) met en compression le ballon (3) contre 1' orifice ( 9) . 1 - Device for closing an orifice in a wall comprising at least one flexible and deformable balloon (3), a locking means (1) adapted to be slid into the orifice (9) of the wall (8) from one side (10) thereof and bearing against the opposite side (11) of this wall (8), a support means (4) adapted to bear on the at least one balloon (3) and to take it sandwiched against the wall (8), and a connecting means (2) between the locking means (1) and the support means (4), characterized in that the locking means (1) ) is a bar, the support means (4) is a circular plate through which passes the connecting means (2) and the latter is a flexible rope which is secured by a locking system (5) on the circular plate (4) and whose traction on the locking bar (1) puts the balloon (3) in compression against the orifice (9).
2 - Dispositif d'obturation suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un seul ballon (3) comportant un conduit (12) intérieur dans lequel passe le cordage souple de liaison (2) .  2 - shutter device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a single balloon (3) having an inner conduit (12) in which passes the flexible connecting string (2).
3 - Dispositif d'obturation suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins deux ballons (3) assemblés l'un contre l'autre et délimitant entre eux un espace formant un conduit (12) dans lequel passe le cordage souple de liaison (2) .  3 - shutter device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least two balloons (3) assembled against each other and defining between them a space forming a conduit (12) in which passes the rope flexible linking (2).
4 - Dispositif d'obturation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le au moins ballon (3) est gonflable après mise en place de celui-ci contre l'orifice (9), et de la plaquette circulaire (4), prenant le au moins ballon (3) en sandwich contre la paroi (8) .  4 - shutter device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one balloon (3) is inflatable after placement thereof against the orifice (9), and the wafer circular (4), taking the at least one balloon (3) sandwiched against the wall (8).
5 - Dispositif d'obturation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la paroi 5 - Shutter device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wall
(8) est celle de la coque d'un bateau. (8) is that of the hull of a boat.
6. - Procédé d'obturation d'un orifice dans une paroi, caractérisé en ce que : 6. - Method for closing an orifice in a wall, characterized in that:
- on glisse dans l'orifice de la paroi depuis un côté de celle-ci, une barre qui est un moyen de blocage que l'on vient positionner contre le côté opposé de la paroi qui entoure l'orifice,  a bar is slid into the orifice of the wall from one side thereof, a bar which is a locking means which is positioned against the opposite side of the wall which surrounds the orifice,
- on relie, par un cordage souple de liaison, cette barre de blocage à une plaquette circulaire qui est un moyen d'appui qui prend en sandwich contre la paroi au moins un ballon souple et déformable positionné du côté opposé de la paroi par rapport à celui où est mis en place le moyen de blocage,  - It connects, by a flexible connecting string, the locking bar to a circular plate which is a support means which sandwiches against the wall at least one flexible and deformable balloon positioned on the opposite side of the wall relative to the one where the blocking device is put in place,
- on met en compression le au moins ballon contre l'orifice par traction sur le cordage souple qui est solidarisé par un système de blocage sur la plaquette circulaire, écrasement du au moins ballon par appui de la plaquette circulaire.  - The at least one balloon is pressed against the orifice by traction on the flexible rope which is secured by a locking system on the circular plate, crushing the at least one balloon by pressing the circular plate.
EP15759831.9A 2014-05-26 2015-04-30 Device for sealing an opening in a wall Active EP3148869B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1454746A FR3021292B1 (en) 2014-05-26 2014-05-26 DEVICE FOR SHUTTING AN ORIFICE IN A WALL
PCT/FR2015/051165 WO2015181460A2 (en) 2014-05-26 2015-04-30 Device for sealing an opening in a wall

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CN105923119B (en) * 2016-05-23 2018-03-16 中国人民解放军总后勤部军事交通运输研究所 Combined type collision mat
US20190359299A1 (en) * 2016-11-08 2019-11-28 Jeremy Williams Yacht preserver
CN109823489B (en) * 2019-03-13 2024-03-26 中国人民解放军陆军军事交通学院镇江校区 Water sac type plugging plug for ship
FR3097525A1 (en) 2019-06-18 2020-12-25 Bageal Device for blinding a waterway from inside the boat

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US1260978A (en) * 1917-07-20 1918-03-26 Conrad Stewart Henslee Device for closing openings in the hulls of vessels below the water-line.
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US10029768B2 (en) 2018-07-24
FR3021292A1 (en) 2015-11-27
US20170137096A1 (en) 2017-05-18
AU2015265721A1 (en) 2016-11-24
ES2685307T3 (en) 2018-10-08
EP3148869B1 (en) 2018-07-25
FR3021292B1 (en) 2017-05-26
WO2015181460A3 (en) 2016-01-21
WO2015181460A2 (en) 2015-12-03
CA2949432A1 (en) 2015-12-03

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