EP3147868A1 - Bestimmung des zeitpunkts zur einleitung eines zugangssteuerungsverfahrens - Google Patents

Bestimmung des zeitpunkts zur einleitung eines zugangssteuerungsverfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3147868A1
EP3147868A1 EP15186838.7A EP15186838A EP3147868A1 EP 3147868 A1 EP3147868 A1 EP 3147868A1 EP 15186838 A EP15186838 A EP 15186838A EP 3147868 A1 EP3147868 A1 EP 3147868A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
access control
lock
intent
control device
portable key
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15186838.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Tomas Jonsson
Håkan OLSSON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Assa Abloy AB
Original Assignee
Assa Abloy AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Assa Abloy AB filed Critical Assa Abloy AB
Priority to EP15186838.7A priority Critical patent/EP3147868A1/de
Publication of EP3147868A1 publication Critical patent/EP3147868A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00388—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks code verification carried out according to the challenge/response method
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00793—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
    • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method, access control device, computer program and computer program product for determining when to initiate an access control procedure of a portable key device for unlocking a lock, wherein the lock controls access to a physical space.
  • Radio Frequency Identification RFID
  • a method for determining when to initiate an access control procedure of a portable key device for unlocking a lock controlling access to a physical space comprising the steps of: repeatedly determining a position of the portable key device in relation to the lock; repeatedly calculating a direction of movement based on determined positions; determining when there is intent to open the lock based on the direction of movement; and initiating an access control procedure when intent to open the lock is determined.
  • the method may further comprise the step of: starting the method only when the portable key device is located in a predetermined area in relation to the lock.
  • the method may further comprise the step of: repeatedly calculating a speed of movement based on determined positions:
  • the step of determining comprises determining when there is intent also based on the speed of movement.
  • the step of determining when there is intent may comprise determining that there is intent when the direction of movement is towards the lock and the speed of movement slows down as the position of the portable key device becomes closer to the lock.
  • the step of determining may comprise determining when there is intent also based on the position.
  • the access control device may be connected to a plurality of locks controlling access to respective physical spaces.
  • the step of determining when there is intent comprises determining whether there is intent to open for any of the plurality of locks.
  • an access control device arranged to determine when to initiate an access control procedure of a portable key device for unlocking a lock controlling access to a physical space.
  • the access control device comprises: a processor; and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the access control device to: repeatedly determine a position of the portable key device in relation to the lock; repeatedly calculate a direction of movement based on determined positions; determine when there is intent to open the lock based on the direction of movement; and initiate an access control procedure when intent to open the lock is determined.
  • the access control device may further comprise instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the access control device to: start the mentioned instructions only when the portable key device is located in a predetermined area in relation to the lock.
  • the access control device may further comprise instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the access control device to repeatedly calculate a speed of movement based on determined positions.
  • the instructions to determine comprise instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the access control device to determine when there is intent also based on the speed of movement.
  • the instructions to determine when there is intent may comprise instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the access control device to determine that there is intent when the direction of movement is towards the lock and the speed of movement slows down as the position of the portable key device becomes closer to the lock.
  • the instructions to determine may comprise instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the access control device to determine when there is intent also based on the position.
  • the access control device may be connectable to a plurality of locks controlling access to respective physical spaces.
  • the instructions to determine when there is intent comprise instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the access control device to determine whether there is intent to open for any of the plurality of locks.
  • a computer program for determining when to initiate an access control procedure of a portable key device for unlocking a lock controlling access to a physical space.
  • the computer program comprises computer program code which, when run on an access control device, causes the access control device to: repeatedly determine a position of the portable key device in relation to the lock; repeatedly calculate a direction of movement based on determined positions; determine when there is intent to open the lock based on the direction of movement; and initiate an access control procedure when intent to open the lock is determined.
  • a computer program product comprising a computer program according to the third aspect and a computer readable means on which the computer program is stored.
  • Fig 1 is a schematic diagram showing an environment in which embodiments presented herein can be applied.
  • Access to a physical space 16 is restricted by a physical barrier 15 which is selectively unlockable.
  • the physical barrier 15 stands between the restricted physical space 16 and an accessible physical space 14.
  • the accessible physical space 14 can be a restricted physical space in itself, but in relation to this physical barrier 15, the accessible physical space 14 is accessible.
  • the barrier 15 can be a door, gate, hatch, cabinet door, drawer, window, etc.
  • an access control device 13 is provided in order to unlock the barrier 15, an access control device 13 is provided.
  • the access control device 13 is connected to a physical lock 12, which is controllable by the access control device 13 to be set in an unlocked state or locked state.
  • the access control device 13 communicates with a portable key device 2 over a wireless interface using a plurality of antennas 5a-b.
  • the portable key device 2 is any suitable device portable by a user and which can be used for authentication over the wireless interface.
  • the portable key device 2 is typically carried or worn by the user and may be implemented as a mobile phone, a smartphone, a key fob, wearable device, smart phone case, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) card, etc.
  • Fig 1 two antennas 5a-b can be seen. However, there may be more antennas provided in connection with the access control device 13.
  • the authenticity and authority of the portable key device can be checked in an access control procedure, e.g.
  • the portable key device 2 can be used in the same way to, when granted, trigger the barrier to be opened e.g. using a door opener.
  • the antennas may also used in determining a position of the portable key device 2, e.g. using angle of arrival.
  • the antennas can be used for beam forming, multiple input/multiple output (MIMO) transmissions, redundancy between antennas, differential antennas, etc.
  • MIMO multiple input/multiple output
  • the access control device 13 sends an unlock signal to the lock 12, whereby the lock 12 is set in an unlocked state.
  • this can e.g. imply a signal over a wire-based communication, e.g. using a serial interface (e.g. RS485, RS232), Universal Serial Bus (USB), Ethernet, or even a simple electric connection (e.g. to the lock 12), or alternatively using a wireless interface.
  • a serial interface e.g. RS485, RS232), Universal Serial Bus (USB), Ethernet, or even a simple electric connection (e.g. to the lock 12), or alternatively using a wireless interface.
  • the access control device 13 and/or the lock 12 can be mounted in a fixed structure (e.g. wall, frame, etc.) by the physical barrier 15 (as shown) or in the physical barrier 15 (not shown).
  • Figs 2A-B are schematic top view diagrams illustrating when an access control procedure should be initiated or not, in the environment shown in Fig 1 .
  • the position of the portable key device 2 is repeatedly determined. Based on consecutive positions, this allows the speed and direction of travel of the portable key device 2 to be repeatedly determined.
  • the portable key device 2 here moves in a direction 20 straight past the lock 12.
  • the speed is essentially constant.
  • Such a movement indicates that a user carrying the portable key device 2 has no intent of passing through the barrier 15.
  • no access control procedure is initiated, whereby the lock 12 is prevented from opening simply by the passing of the portable key device 2.
  • the portable key device 2 is located within the access controlled physical space 16; however, the same procedure can be applied when the portable key device 2 is located within the accessible physical space 14.
  • the portable key device 2 needs to be within a predetermined area 7 in relation to the lock 12 to even be under consideration for the access control procedure.
  • the portable key device 2 here moves in a direction 20 towards the barrier 15 and/or the lock device 12. Also, the speed of movement of the portable key device 2 decreases as the portable key device 2 approaches the barrier 15. Together, this is an indication of intent to open the lock 12.
  • the access control device 13 detects the direction (towards the lock) and speed of movement (slowing down), thereby determining the intent to open and initiates the access control procedure which, if successful, opens the lock 12.
  • Fig 3 is a schematic top view diagram illustrating when an access control procedure should be initiated in a situation where a plurality of locks are connected to an access control device.
  • a single access control device 13 is used to control access for four different locks 12a-d controlling four respective barriers 15a-d for access to respective restricted physical spaces 16a-d.
  • the position, direction of movement and speed of movement of the portable key device 2 is repeatedly determined.
  • the direction and speed can be used to determine intent of a user carrying the portable key device 2 to open a lock.
  • the access control device also determines which one of a plurality of locks that the user indicates intent to open. In this example, the access control device 13 determines that there is an intent to open the third lock 12c.
  • the locks 12a-d can be simple devices which do not need individual capability of access control, since intent to open a particular lock can be determined by the access control device 13, even when used for a plurality of locks.
  • the access control device 13 By using a single access control device 13 for a plurality of locks, a very cost effective solution is provided compared to if each lock needs its own access control device.
  • Fig 4 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method performed in the access control device of Fig 1 for determining when to initiate an access control procedure of a portable key device for unlocking a lock. As explained above, the lock controls access to a physical space.
  • the portable key device is located in a predetermined area in relation to the lock, here also denoted close to the lock.
  • the area can be defined as a certain distance from the lock, a certain distance from the barrier associated with the lock, or any other suitable shape.
  • the portable key device needs to be within the predetermined area longer than a threshold duration for the portable key device to be considered to be in the predetermined area. This prevents people quickly passing by a lock from being considered to be close to the lock to trigger the intent determination. It is to be noted that there may exist a second longer duration which, if exceeded when the portable key device is within the predetermined area determines intent, regardless of direction etc. as determined below., If the portable key device is determined to be close to the lock, the method proceeds to a determine position step 42. Otherwise, this step is repeated, optionally via a delay (not shown).
  • a position of the portable key device is determined.
  • the position can be determined in relation to the lock.
  • the position can be determined using any suitable procedure.
  • the position of the portable key device can be determined based on angle of arrival measurements. Angle of arrival measurements can be done when there are at least two antennas.
  • a wireless signal is received from the portable key device 2
  • a time difference in receiving the wireless signal can be detected. This can e.g. be detected using a phase difference between the received signals.
  • an angle of arrival (AoA) is calculated.
  • the AoA is an angle in relation to a line between the antennas.
  • the measurement can be performed for two pairs of antennas (optionally one antenna is mutual in the two pairs), to obtain two lines of direction to the portable key device 2.
  • the position of the portable key device can then be determined as the position where the two lines cross. More pairs of antennas can be used to gain better precision and/or position determination in three dimensions.
  • a calculate direction step 44 direction of movement of the portable key device 2 is calculated based on at least two consecutive positions determined in the determine position step 42.
  • speed of movement of the portable key device 2 is calculated based on at least two consecutive positions determined in the determine position step 42. Timestamps for the positions are also used to determine speed.
  • the access control device determines when there is intent to open the lock based on the direction of movement.
  • the intent is also determined based on the speed of movement of the portable key device.
  • the intent is also determined based on the position of the portable key device 2.
  • intent can be determined when the direction of movement is towards the lock and the position is within a certain distance from the lock.
  • intent can be determined when the direction of movement is towards the lock and the speed of movement slows down as the position of the portable key device becomes closer to the lock.
  • the method proceeds to the initiate access control step 48.
  • the method returns to step 40, or step 42 when step 40 is not executed.
  • an access control procedure is initiated when intent to open the lock is determined.
  • the access control procedure is then performed as known in the art per se, e.g. using a challenge-response protocol between the access control device and the portable key device. It is to be noted that the access control procedure can be performed in the access control device performing this method. Alternatively, the device performing the access control procedure is a separate device in the same location or in a different location as the access control device performing this method.
  • conditional intent to open step 46 comprises determining whether there is intent to open for any of the plurality of locks.
  • the intent to open can be determined for one lock at a time until an intent for a lock is found or until intent for all of the plurality of locks has been checked.
  • the active range for the lock can be reduced, which reduces the risk of a man in the middle attack.
  • Fig 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the access control device 13 of Fig 1 .
  • a processor 60 controls the general operation of access control device 13.
  • the processor 60 can be any combination of one or more of a suitable central processing unit (CPU), multiprocessor, microcontroller unit (MCU), digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) etc., capable of executing software instructions or otherwise configured to behave according to predetermined logic.
  • the processor 60 can be capable of executing software instructions 66 stored in a memory 64, which can thus be a computer program product.
  • the processor 60 can be configured to execute the method described with reference to Fig 4 above.
  • the memory 64 can be any combination of random access memory (RAM) and read only memory (ROM).
  • the memory 64 also comprises persistent storage, which, for example, can be any single one or combination of magnetic memory, optical memory, solid state memory or even remotely mounted memory.
  • a data memory 65 is also provided for reading and/or storing data during execution of software instructions in the processor 60, for instance positions, directions and speeds for one or more portable key devices.
  • the data memory 65 can be any combination of random access memory (RAM) and read only memory (ROM).
  • the access control device 13 further comprises an I/O interface 63 for communicating with other external entities such as one or more locks 12 and a portable key device 2, e.g. to exchange digital authentication data.
  • the I/O interface 63 communicates with the portable key device 2 over a wireless interface using a plurality of antennas 5.
  • the antennas 5, as explained above, can be used to determine the position of the portable key device.
  • the I/O interface 63 supports wireless communication over any suitable wireless interface, e.g. using Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), any of the IEEE 802.15 standards, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Near Field Communication (NFC), any of the IEEE 802.11 standards, wireless USB, etc.
  • the I/O interface 63 may also support any of the wireless interfaces or wire based communication, e.g. using Universal Serial Bus (USB), Ethernet, serial connection (e.g. RS-485).
  • the access control device 13 also includes a user interface 9, e.g. comprising any one or more of a light emitting diodes (LED) or other lights, a display, keys or keypad, etc.
  • a user interface 9 e.g. comprising any one or more of a light emitting diodes (LED) or other lights, a display, keys or keypad, etc.
  • LED light emitting diodes
  • the access control device 13 is combined with the lock 12 in a single device.
  • one or more of the components of the access control device 13 can be shared with the lock 12.
  • Fig 6 shows one example of a computer program product comprising computer readable means.
  • a computer program 91 can be stored, which computer program can cause a processor to execute a method according to embodiments described herein.
  • the computer program product is an optical disc, such as a CD (compact disc) or a DVD (digital versatile disc) or a Blu-Ray disc.
  • the computer program product could also be embodied in a memory of a device, such as the computer program product 64 of Fig 5 .
  • the computer program 91 is here schematically shown as a track on the depicted optical disk, the computer program can be stored in any way which is suitable for the computer program product, such as a removable solid state memory, e.g. a Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive.
  • USB Universal Serial Bus

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
EP15186838.7A 2015-09-25 2015-09-25 Bestimmung des zeitpunkts zur einleitung eines zugangssteuerungsverfahrens Withdrawn EP3147868A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15186838.7A EP3147868A1 (de) 2015-09-25 2015-09-25 Bestimmung des zeitpunkts zur einleitung eines zugangssteuerungsverfahrens

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15186838.7A EP3147868A1 (de) 2015-09-25 2015-09-25 Bestimmung des zeitpunkts zur einleitung eines zugangssteuerungsverfahrens

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EP3147868A1 true EP3147868A1 (de) 2017-03-29

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019201933A1 (en) * 2018-04-18 2019-10-24 Assa Abloy Ab Determining when access control of an electronic lock should be performed
WO2020036347A1 (en) 2018-08-16 2020-02-20 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Electronic device performing operations based on movement direction of external electronic device and method therefor
US11282316B2 (en) 2019-08-23 2022-03-22 Carrier Corporation Container and associated methods
US11339589B2 (en) 2018-04-13 2022-05-24 Dormakaba Usa Inc. Electro-mechanical lock core
EP3975142A4 (de) * 2019-06-20 2022-08-10 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Verfahren zur entriegelung eines intelligenten schlosses und zugehörige vorrichtung
US11466473B2 (en) 2018-04-13 2022-10-11 Dormakaba Usa Inc Electro-mechanical lock core
SE2151268A1 (en) * 2021-10-15 2023-04-16 Assa Abloy Ab Determining when to establish a communication channel for access control
US11676432B2 (en) 2020-03-17 2023-06-13 Sony Group Corporation Electronic device, an access control device, and related methods
US11751016B2 (en) 2018-06-21 2023-09-05 Carrier Corporation Destination identification for frictionless building interaction
US11913254B2 (en) 2017-09-08 2024-02-27 dormakaba USA, Inc. Electro-mechanical lock core
US11933076B2 (en) 2016-10-19 2024-03-19 Dormakaba Usa Inc. Electro-mechanical lock core
US11967194B2 (en) 2019-05-21 2024-04-23 Assa Abloy Ab Determining when to trigger positioning of a portable key device

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US20140049361A1 (en) * 2012-08-16 2014-02-20 Schlage Lock Company Llc Wireless reader system
WO2014102172A1 (fr) * 2012-12-31 2014-07-03 Johnson Controls Automotive Electronics Sas Systeme de controle d'acces pour un vehicule automobile
US8935052B2 (en) * 2010-03-03 2015-01-13 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method for controlling a door of a vehicle

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US8935052B2 (en) * 2010-03-03 2015-01-13 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method for controlling a door of a vehicle
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WO2014102172A1 (fr) * 2012-12-31 2014-07-03 Johnson Controls Automotive Electronics Sas Systeme de controle d'acces pour un vehicule automobile

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11933076B2 (en) 2016-10-19 2024-03-19 Dormakaba Usa Inc. Electro-mechanical lock core
US11913254B2 (en) 2017-09-08 2024-02-27 dormakaba USA, Inc. Electro-mechanical lock core
US11447980B2 (en) 2018-04-13 2022-09-20 Dormakaba Usa Inc. Puller tool
US11466473B2 (en) 2018-04-13 2022-10-11 Dormakaba Usa Inc Electro-mechanical lock core
US11339589B2 (en) 2018-04-13 2022-05-24 Dormakaba Usa Inc. Electro-mechanical lock core
CN111989719A (zh) * 2018-04-18 2020-11-24 亚萨合莱有限公司 确定何时应当执行电子锁的访问控制
US11568690B2 (en) 2018-04-18 2023-01-31 Assa Abloy Ab Determining when access control of an electronic lock should be performed
WO2019201933A1 (en) * 2018-04-18 2019-10-24 Assa Abloy Ab Determining when access control of an electronic lock should be performed
US11751016B2 (en) 2018-06-21 2023-09-05 Carrier Corporation Destination identification for frictionless building interaction
CN112368748A (zh) * 2018-08-16 2021-02-12 三星电子株式会社 基于外部电子设备的移动方向执行操作的电子设备及其方法
US11100734B2 (en) 2018-08-16 2021-08-24 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Electronic device performing operations based on movement direction of external electronic device and method therefor
EP3797405A4 (de) * 2018-08-16 2021-08-04 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Elektronische vorrichtung zur durchführung von operationen basierend auf bewegungsrichtung der externen elektronischen vorrichtung und verfahren dafür
WO2020036347A1 (en) 2018-08-16 2020-02-20 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Electronic device performing operations based on movement direction of external electronic device and method therefor
CN112368748B (zh) * 2018-08-16 2023-08-15 三星电子株式会社 基于外部电子设备的移动方向执行操作的电子设备及其方法
US11967194B2 (en) 2019-05-21 2024-04-23 Assa Abloy Ab Determining when to trigger positioning of a portable key device
EP3975142A4 (de) * 2019-06-20 2022-08-10 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Verfahren zur entriegelung eines intelligenten schlosses und zugehörige vorrichtung
US11282316B2 (en) 2019-08-23 2022-03-22 Carrier Corporation Container and associated methods
US11676432B2 (en) 2020-03-17 2023-06-13 Sony Group Corporation Electronic device, an access control device, and related methods
SE2151268A1 (en) * 2021-10-15 2023-04-16 Assa Abloy Ab Determining when to establish a communication channel for access control

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