EP3146138B1 - Navire de forage - Google Patents

Navire de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3146138B1
EP3146138B1 EP15726712.1A EP15726712A EP3146138B1 EP 3146138 B1 EP3146138 B1 EP 3146138B1 EP 15726712 A EP15726712 A EP 15726712A EP 3146138 B1 EP3146138 B1 EP 3146138B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drilling
ship
towers
drill floor
drill
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15726712.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3146138A1 (fr
Inventor
Gianni SCHERL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fincantieri Oil and Gas SpA
Original Assignee
Fincantieri Oil and Gas SpA
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Publication of EP3146138A1 publication Critical patent/EP3146138A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3146138B1 publication Critical patent/EP3146138B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B35/4413—Floating drilling platforms, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
    • E21B15/02—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for underwater drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/02—Rod or cable suspensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14—Hull parts
    • B63B2003/147—Moon-pools, e.g. for offshore drilling vessels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drillship, in particular for localising, exploring and exploiting deposits of hydrocarbons or other energy and mineral resources.
  • the drillship according to the present invention is intended, in particular, for operating in deep (over 450m) and ultra-deep (over 1,500m) waters.
  • Drillships are a class of offshore units specialised in drilling underwater oil wells at over 3000m deep in the sea bed. These units typically operate to locate and prepare oil wells for future use by other offshore units specialised in the production of natural gas and crude oil.
  • the drillships comprise an operating area for the drilling rigs, generally positioned at midship.
  • the drilling rigs comprise at least one drilling tower constituted by a structural lattice (known in the jargon as a derrick) characterised by a structure of crossed rods, bolted to each other. Almost all the drill equipment, including the hook for lifting the drill strings, is enclosed within the lattice structure.
  • a structural lattice known in the jargon as a derrick
  • the lattice structure A rests on the so-called drill floor B.
  • the drill floor B is supported by a scaffold C, in jargon "substructure" which in turn rests on the main deck of the ship D.
  • the entire structure described above extends above a central drilling well E (in the jargon "moon pool") which extends from the main deck as far as the bottom and through which there is direct access to the water.
  • a drillship provided with a single drilling tower, working in correspondence of a moon pool which crosses the hull, is disclosed in WO 2009/102196 A2 .
  • the purpose of the present invention is to eliminate or at least attenuate the drawbacks of the prior art mentioned above, by making available a drill ship which has a more extended drill floor without requiring an increase in the floor dimensions of the drilling towers.
  • a further purpose of the present invention is to make available a drillship, which has a more extended drill floor and which at the same time ensure full operation of the drilling rigs.
  • reference numeral 1 globally denotes a drillship according to the invention.
  • the drillship 1 comprises a hull 2 which extends along a longitudinal axis X between a bow 3 and a stern 4.
  • the ship 1 comprises a main deck 5, above which a drill floor 6 is positioned, and one or more drilling towers 7', 7", each of which extends above the drill floor 6 in proximity of least one moonpool 8', 8" which vertically crosses the hull 2 at the drill floor 6 to the bottom 9 of the hull itself.
  • the "drill floor” is understood to mean the space on the ship where the drill rigs are arranged and where the technicians operating the aforesaid rigs are called to operate directly. In particular this is the space where the drill strings are sunk and operated in the moonpool.
  • each of said one or more drilling towers 7, 7' has a box-like structure and supports the lifting devices 70 externally to itself.
  • each of the aforesaid one or more towers 7', 7" has a column shape and base of any shape (generally circular).
  • the lifting devices comprise in particular a lifting hook 70 of the drill strings arranged externally to the tower and cantilevered with respect to the vertical extension axis Y of said tower.
  • This type of drilling tower supports a compression load only, the external, overhanging load suspended from the lifting hook and the pull coming from the lifting winch cables 71 on the opposite side to the drilling tower being perfectly aligned, vertical and symmetrical.
  • the lifting cables of the hook go to a pair of pulleys 72 and 73 positioned on the top of the tower 7', 7" and directly running to the winch 71 symmetrically to the lifting hook 70.
  • Such geometry guarantees a perfect vertical and symmetrical alignment of the lifting cables and thus a static load on the drilling tower solely of compression.
  • the drill floor 6 extends completely outside the floor dimensions of the aforesaid one or more drilling towers 7', 7" so as to exploit the available space on the ship.
  • the ship 1 can thus have a more extended drill floor without requiring an increase in the floor dimensions of the drilling towers.
  • the limit in the extension of the drill floor is essentially dictated only by the size of the hull of the ship.
  • drilling towers with the box structure and with external lifting devices instead of lattice structure towers with internal lifting devices.
  • the box-structure tower is a constructive solution that provides a number of advantages compared to the traditional lattice solution.
  • a significant advantage derives from the previously mentioned external positioning of the line of suspension of the drill strings.
  • the suspension line is generally cantilevered from the tower, it is basically exposed and free of obstructions on a large part of the horizon. This makes the entire area of the deck surrounding the tower available, the suspension line allowing the easy distribution of heavy and bulky equipment through the lifting means on board. This operation would not be possible if the closed cage structure of the traditional lattice drilling tower were present.
  • the drill floor is divided into two distinct operating zones. A first operating zone is confined inside (covered) the perimeter of the base of the derrick and is thus blocked by the structure above. In this first zone the handling of any equipment by means of external lifting means such as the crane on board is prevented.
  • a second operating zone is external (uncovered) to the perimeter of the derrick.
  • the equipment supporting the various operations can be moved, including with the support of the lifting means on board.
  • the entire surface extension of the drill floor is uncovered and available for lifting and manoeuvring operations, including but not only with the aid of the lifting means on board. This increases the safety and operativity of the entire zone.
  • Another advantage is linked to the lowering of the level of the drill floor of some of the activities which in the traditional lattice configuration take place higher up with a consequent increase in operational and safety difficulties.
  • large size winches are arranged at the drill floor level. This brings important advantages in terms of efficiency and safety of operations on board.
  • the ship 1 comprises at least two drilling towers 7', 7" with a box-like structure and external lifting devices.
  • Each of said at least two towers 7', 7" is dedicated to a single drilling line.
  • such towers 7', 7" operate independently of each other.
  • the physical constraint imposed by the traditional derrick towers of having the two drilling lines adjacent is eliminated.
  • the total structural and functional independence of the two or more towers 7' and 7" makes it possible to locate them in the most convenient reciprocal position, reducing the risk of mutual interference and thus improving the movement of objects and people on the drill floor.
  • a configuration with an extended drill floor is thus obtained which gives all the benefits related to an extended and unobstructed workspace.
  • the ship 1 comprises the aforesaid drilling towers 7', 7" with a box-like structure and external lifting devices.
  • the drill floor 6 extends continuously between said two drilling towers 7', 7" forming a single extended drill floor.
  • the two towers 7' and 7" may be arranged at the greatest distance possible from each other, compatibly with the available dimensions of the ship platform.
  • the ship 1 comprises an operating zone 20 dedicated to the drilling activities.
  • the two drilling towers 7', 7" are placed in distal positions within said operating drilling area 20 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis X of the ship so as to maximise the available surface area of said extended single drill floor 6.
  • the expression "arranged in distal positions” is used to mean that the two towers 7'and 7" are spaced as far apart as possible within the operating drilling zone, in opposite positions in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis X of the ship.
  • the aforesaid operating area 20 dedicated to drilling activities is positioned at midship between a first operating zone 10 of ship management, preferably located at the bow, and a third operating zone 30 of power generation for the propulsion of the ship, preferably located at the stern.
  • the invention may however also be applied to ships with different configurations of the operating zones.
  • the aforesaid single extended drill floor 6 extends substantially throughout the longitudinal extension of the second operating zone 20 from the first operating zone 10 as far as the third operating zone 30.
  • the ship 1 comprises in the second operating zone 20 a hold for the riser 23 and a cementer 24, one arranged one at the stern and the other at the bow of the two drilling towers 7', 7".
  • the maximum longitudinal distance between the two drilling towers 7', 7" is limited by the distance between the hold 23 and the cementer 24.
  • the drill floor 6 extends with a main portion 6' into the area where the drilling towers 7', 7" are positioned, and extends at the bow with a first appendix portion 6" above the aforementioned hold 23 and at the stern with a second appendix portion 6"' above the cementer 24.
  • the aforesaid single extended drill floor 6 extends from bow to stern integrating in its extended area both the area of the cementer 24 at the stern and the hold 23 for the storage of the risers at the bow, extending above them same.
  • Such extended single floor 6 rests at the bow on the housing tower 10.
  • the use of a single extended drill floor 6 makes it easier to implement a solution with two or more separate and independent moon pools in the ship.
  • the extended drill floor 6 in fact offers greater operational flexibility for drilling activities. This makes it possible to increase the distance between the drilling towers and thus technically possible to devote an independent moon pool to each drilling tower.
  • the ship comprises two or more moon pools 8', 8", separate and independent of each other, each dedicated to a single drilling tower 7', 7".
  • This technical solution is constructively feasible in particular in the case in which the drilling towers are independent of each other and can thus be spaced apart without any constraint of an operational type related to the drilling activities.
  • the aforesaid two or more independent moon pools 8', 8" are made along the longitudinal axis of the centre line X of the ship.
  • the towers with a box structure and with external lifting devices cannot be centred on the axis of the moon pool, but must be positioned in a decentralised manner with respect to this axis so as to have the lifting hook of the tower vertical to the moon pool.
  • the aforesaid two or more towers 7', 7" are arranged asymmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the centreline X, shifted towards a first side 2' of the ship (in particular towards the left side).
  • the two towers are both shifted towards the same side.
  • the aforesaid two or more towers may be positioned symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis X of the centreline of the ship, i.e. aligned on said longitudinal centreline axis X.
  • the arrangement off-axis or on the axis of the centreline can also be adopted in the case in which the ship has a single drilling tower.
  • the ship 1 inside the drilling operational area 20 the ship 1 comprises a storage and assembly area 40 of the drill strings made in proximity of the aforesaid two or more drilling towers 7', 7".
  • such storage area 40 is shifted to a second side 2" of the ship in relation to the longitudinal centreline axis X, opposite the side, which the two towers are shifted towards.
  • the storage area 40 is bounded by a vertical wall 60 which extends from the main deck 5 beyond the drill floor 6. This wall serves as a vertical support element for the drill strings.
  • the storage and assembly area of the drill strings is called the "set back" in the jargon.
  • This area integrated or in any case next to the drill floor is used to store the drill strings previously prepared in groups of three strings screwed one to the other to form a single string of normally approximately 41 m long. This makes it possible to reduce the times for lowering and raising the total string, often several kilometres long and to have the right diameter and type of string for the specific drilling operation planned.
  • the drill strings thus pre-assembled using the main lifting hooks are vertically stored - one drilling campaign and another - in the set back in special racks called fingerboards which block the strings vertically in two points, one at the bottom and one at the top.
  • such fingerboards may be made in the aforesaid wall 30, used as a vertical support element of the drill floor.
  • the strings are always handled in a vertical position to prevent them from bending under their own weight and being damaged, by special machines called smart rackers which claw the prepared string under the main hook and previously screwed by a machine known as a rough neck, shifting it into place in the fingerboard of the set back. From this moment the strings are ready to begin their cycle of introduction and extraction from the oil well, moved by means of the smart racker from the fingerboard to the lifting hook at the centre of the drill floor and vice versa.
  • the strings are unscrewed from each other with the rough neck and singly replaced in the storage stacks using a special dedicated horizontal chute called catwalk.
  • the drill strings are stored on one side of the ship, laid against the aforesaid vertical wall, to then be inclined towards midship, one by one, until the upper end is at the centre of the moon pool vertically beneath the lifting hook; the string is then raised and inserted in the central hole on the drill floor and lowered into the hole of the oil well below on the sea bed.
  • said drill floor 6 also extends to such storage area 40.
  • said drill floor 6 also extends to such storage area 40.
  • one or more openings are made for moving the strings between the towers and the set back.
  • the positioning of the set back in the body of the ship make it possible to attach the pre-assembled strings to the lifting hook (Topdrive) of the tower, just above the drill floor and no longer at over 40 metres high, as is the case in traditional lattice towers, which normally also require the presence at such height of a person who visually checks the correct gripping of the string to avoid the risk of falling and damage caused by incorrect manoeuvring.
  • Topdrive lifting hook
  • each drilling tower 7', 7" is directly supported by a support structure 50 structurally integrated with the hull 2 of the ship.
  • Said support structure 50 and/or the tower 7', 7" crosses the drill floor 6.
  • the latter is structurally supported by the support structure 50 and/or by the drilling tower itself.
  • the support structure 50 of the tower 7', 7" extends vertically inside the hull 2.
  • the support structure is structurally integrated with the main deck 5 resting on it or with a secondary deck below the main deck resting on it or with the bottom 9 of the hull 2 resting to it.
  • the drill floor 6 is structurally integral with the ship, resulting in a fixed structure of the ship.
  • the drilling towers 7' and 7" are integral with the hull structure of the ship. Consequently, the ship must be equipped with one or more moon pools made in the hull to permit the launching of the instruments needed for diving operations.
  • the dimensions and weights of the structures of the towers and of the relative lifting equipment are such that it is not technically possible to assemble them on mobile drill floors suitable to move the towers off board.
  • This solution (outside the present invention) would avoid the complication of perforating the bottom of the ship for the passage of the instruments needed for diving operations, but could only be used for lighter equipment.
  • the drilling towers would be supported by the mobile drill floor and could not be integrated with the ship hull.
  • the drill floor 6 - as well as by the tower 7', 7" and/or by support structure of the tower - may also be conveniently supported by dedicated pillars or other vertical structures present in the perimeter of its extension.
  • the drill floor 6 is supported by at least one structural support element 60, which extends vertically from the main deck 5 in proximity of the second side 2" of the ship, in a position opposite the aforesaid one or more drilling towers 7', 7" in relation to the longitudinal centreline axis X of the ship 1.
  • said structural support element 60 is constituted by the wall which delimits the storage and assembly area 40 of the drill strings.
  • the drillship according to the invention has a more extended drill floor compared to the traditional solutions, without requiring an increase in the floor dimensions of the drilling towers.
  • the drillship according to the invention has a more extended drill floor and at the same time ensures full operation of the drill rigs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Navire de forage comprenant une coque (2) qui s'étend le long d'un axe longitudinal (X) entre une proue (3) et une poupe (4), le navire (1) comprenant un pont principal (5) au-dessus duquel est positionné un plancher de forage (6), et une ou davantage de tours de forage (7', 7") dont chacune s'étend au-dessus du plancher de forage (6) à proximité d'au moins un puits central (8', 8") qui traverse la coque (2) verticalement au plancher de forage (6) jusqu'au fond (9) de la coque elle-même (2), chacune desdites une ou davantage de tours de forage (7', 7") ayant une structure ressemblant à une boîte et supportant des dispositifs de levage (70) à l'extérieur d'elle-même et le plancher de forage s'étendant entièrement au-delà des dimensions sur pont desdites une ou davantage de tours de forage (7', 7") afin d'exploiter la place disponible sur le navire,
    caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend au moins deux desdites tours de forage (7', 7"), chaque tour de forage étant dédiée à une seule ligne de forage,
    le plancher de forage (6) s'étendant de manière continue entre les deux tours de forage (7', 7"), formant un seul plancher de forage étendu,
    le navire comprenant une zone d'opérations (20) dédiée aux activités de forage, les deux tours de forage (7', 7") étant placées dans des positions distales à l'intérieur de la zone d'opérations de forage (20) dans une direction parallèle à l'axe longitudinal (X) du navire afin de maximiser la surface disponible du plancher de forage unique étendu (6),
    et par le fait que le navire de forage comprend deux ou davantage de puits centraux (8', 8") séparés et indépendants les uns des autres, chacun dédié à une seule tour de forage (7', 7").
  2. Navire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits deux ou davantage de puits centraux (8', 8") sont faits le long de l'axe central longitudinal (X) du navire, lesdites deux ou davantage de tours de forage (7', 7") étant positionnés de façon asymétrique par rapport à l'axe central longitudinal (X), les tours de forage étant décalées vers un premier côté (2') du navire.
  3. Navire selon la revendication 2, comprenant une zone de stockage et d'assemblage des tiges de forage agencée à proximité desdites deux ou davantage de tours de forage (7', 7") et décalée vers un deuxième côté (2") du navire par rapport à l'axe central longitudinal (X), le plancher de forage (6) s'étendant de préférence jusqu'à la zone de stockage (40).
  4. Navire selon une ou davantage des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite au moins une tour de forage ou chacune desdites deux ou davantage de tours de forage (7', 7") est supportée directement par une structure de support (50) intégrée de par sa structure dans la coque (2) du navire et en ce que la structure de support (50) de la tour de forage (7', 7") et/ou la tour de forage lui-même (7', 7") traverse le plancher de forage (6), le plancher de forage (6) étant supporté, en ce qui concerne sa structure, par la structure de support (50) de la tour de forage et/ou par la tour de forage lui-même.
  5. Navire selon les revendications 2 et 4, caractérisé en ce que le plancher de forage (6) est supporté par au moins un élément de support de structure (60) qui s'étend verticalement à partir du pont principal (5) à proximité d'un deuxième côté (2") du navire dans une position opposée auxdites une ou davantage de tours de forage (7', 7") par rapport à l'axe central longitudinal (X) du navire (1).
  6. Navire selon les revendications 3 et 5, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de support de structure (60) est constitué par un mur qui délimite la zone de stockage et d'assemblage (40) des tiges de forage.
  7. Navire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone d'opérations (20) dédiée aux activités de forage est positionnée au milieu du navire entre une première zone d'opérations (10) de gestion du navire, située de préférence à la proue, et une troisième zone d'opérations (30) pour la génération de puissance pour l'entraînement du navire, située de préférence à la poupe.
  8. Navire selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le plancher de forage (6) unique s'étend essentiellement sur l'étendue longitudinale de la deuxième zone d'opérations (20) de la première zone d'opérations (10) jusqu'à la troisième zone d'opérations (30).
  9. Navire selon la revendication 7 ou 8, comprenant dans la deuxième zone d'opérations (20) une cale (23) et une « cementatrice » (24) positionnée l'une à la poupe et l'autre à la proue des deux tours de forage (7', 7"), la distance longitudinale maximale entre les deux tours de forage (7', 7") étant limitée par la distance entre la cale (23) et la « cementatrice » (24).
EP15726712.1A 2014-04-29 2015-04-28 Navire de forage Active EP3146138B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITPD20140114 2014-04-29
PCT/IB2015/053087 WO2015166410A1 (fr) 2014-04-29 2015-04-28 Navire de forage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3146138A1 EP3146138A1 (fr) 2017-03-29
EP3146138B1 true EP3146138B1 (fr) 2018-12-19

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EP15726712.1A Active EP3146138B1 (fr) 2014-04-29 2015-04-28 Navire de forage

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3146138B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR102228014B1 (fr)
SG (1) SG11201609013QA (fr)
WO (1) WO2015166410A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2298474A1 (fr) * 1975-01-27 1976-08-20 Wieczorek Julien Plate-formes multi-derricks pour forages en mer
US7083004B2 (en) * 2002-10-17 2006-08-01 Itrec B.V. Cantilevered multi purpose tower and method for installing drilling equipment
NO325441B1 (no) * 2007-02-12 2008-05-05 Norshore Drilling As Mobilt utstyr for stigerorlos boring, bronnintervensjon, undersjoisk konstruksjon fra et fartoy
NO2247494T3 (fr) * 2008-02-15 2018-04-21
US20110247827A1 (en) * 2010-04-07 2011-10-13 Gavin Humphreys Dual Drilling Activity Drilling Ship
KR101290804B1 (ko) * 2011-11-09 2013-07-30 삼성중공업 주식회사 반잠수식 시추선

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR102228014B1 (ko) 2021-03-16
EP3146138A1 (fr) 2017-03-29
KR20170023802A (ko) 2017-03-06
WO2015166410A1 (fr) 2015-11-05
SG11201609013QA (en) 2016-11-29

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