EP3143263B1 - Exhaust system having variable exhaust gas paths - Google Patents

Exhaust system having variable exhaust gas paths Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3143263B1
EP3143263B1 EP15709936.7A EP15709936A EP3143263B1 EP 3143263 B1 EP3143263 B1 EP 3143263B1 EP 15709936 A EP15709936 A EP 15709936A EP 3143263 B1 EP3143263 B1 EP 3143263B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow path
flow
pipe
silencer
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP15709936.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3143263A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter HABLE
Peter Hebel
Timo Kresse
Franz MATZKE-NEUMAIR
Harald MITSCHKE
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication of EP3143263A1 publication Critical patent/EP3143263A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/083—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling using transversal baffles defining a tortuous path for the gases or successively throttling gas flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/089—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling using two or more expansion chambers in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/16—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts
    • F01N1/168—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts for controlling or modifying silencing characteristics only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate silencers in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/36—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an exhaust flap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/14—Plurality of outlet tubes, e.g. in parallel or with different length
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/16—Plurality of inlet tubes, e.g. discharging into different chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/24—Concentric tubes or tubes being concentric to housing, e.g. telescopically assembled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for motorcycles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, preferably in motorcycles having an exhaust line, which has a first flow path and a second flow path for an exhaust gas flow, wherein the first and second flow paths fluidly separated from a front silencer to a rear silencer.
  • an exhaust system is provided with an exhaust system according to the features of the main claim.
  • the exhaust gas line has at least one first flow path and one second flow path for an exhaust gas flow, wherein the first and second flow paths are fluidically separated from one another from a pre-silencer to an end silencer extend and the first flow path via a controllable flap engine speed is continuously closed, wherein the exhaust gas flow with the flap closed by the second flow path.
  • the flap is closed in the first flow path so that the exhaust flow from the front silencer through the second flow path from a flap is unaffected and flows to the end muffler with optimum flow.
  • a Maxiströmmasse and a flow rate of the exhaust gas is achieved, which ensures sufficient power and sufficient torque in the lower speed range.
  • the noise level is sufficiently low that the legal requirements are met.
  • the flap opens continuously, so that the exhaust gas from the pre-muffler also flows through the first flow path.
  • the flap is fully open and the exhaust stream substantially flows through the first flow path. A small part also flows through the first flow path.
  • the noise is directly influenced, with always an unrestricted flow through the second flow path is provided. It is thus possible to achieve a division of the flow paths into an acoustically optimized path at low speeds and a power-optimized path for high speeds.
  • the invention provides that a flow cross-sectional area of the first, designed for high performance flow path is larger than a flow cross-sectional area of the second flow path.
  • first and second flow paths between the front and rear muffler are separated from each other and arranged side by side.
  • corresponding tubes next to each other preferably in parallel, can be installed.
  • the exhaust system includes the muffler into which the first and second flow paths extend, the first flow path penetrating the muffler all the way to its outlet in the flow direction.
  • the exhaust system thus runs in the range of high speeds directly through the first flow path to the outlet.
  • the second flow path in the end muffler ends in a chamber which provides a flow cross-sectional area that is abruptly increased compared to the second flow path.
  • the enlarged flow cross-sectional area for example, by a large-volume chamber in the End silencer realized through which flows the exhaust gas of the second flow path.
  • a region adjacent to the first flow path is provided, which provides the increase in volume in the form of a chamber.
  • the exhaust system according to the invention is characterized in that the first flow path in the muffler is fluidly connected to the chamber. This is achieved in that the first flow path is formed perforated within the muffler.
  • the outer wall surface is provided with a plurality of holes or slots, so that the exhaust gas from the chamber in the muffler into the first flow path and out of the outlet flows out.
  • the holes or slots are vorgeh Scientific over the entire peripheral surface, so that in the first flow path forming tube over its entire length in the muffler exhaust gas can flow.
  • the final muffler in the flow direction by a partition member for example, a wall member is divided, wherein in an upstream first portion of the chamber and in a downstream, adjacent to the outlet second portion, an insulating means are provided and the insulating means the surrounds first flow path.
  • the insulation of the area adjacent to the outlet allows further shielding and defined reduction of noise.
  • the size of the first and second sections, the noise can be influenced again, the division is that the first section Two-thirds and the second section determined one-third of the total length of the muffler.
  • insulation is a conventional insulating wool.
  • the invention further protects a motorcycle with an exhaust system with any combination of the features illustrated above, as far as technically possible.
  • FIG. 1 shows in a partially sectioned perspective view of an exhaust system 1 in a first embodiment with separate parallel and each formed as a tube first and second flow paths 3, 4.
  • the second flow path 4 is through a thinner tube with respect to the tube of the first flow path 3 smaller flow cross-sectional area educated.
  • Both flow paths 3, 4 extend from the front silencer 20 and terminate in the muffler 6 (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the first flow path 3 has inside a controllable flap 5 in the conventional manner, by means of the engine speed-dependent, the flow area of the first flow path 3 is continuously closed.
  • the flap 5 With the flap 5 closed, the exhaust flow from the pre-silencer 20 will flow through only the second flow path 4 to the muffler 6.
  • the flap 5 does not completely seal the first flow path 3, but the restriction is readily sufficient to account for the substantial portion of the exhaust gas flow is guided through the second flow path 4.
  • the two flow paths 3, 4 in the front silencer 20 are fluidly connected to each other.
  • the pre-muffler 20 acts essentially as a reflection muffler.
  • the first flow path 3 extends in the exhaust gas flow direction completely to the outlet 7.
  • the second flow path 4 terminates in a chamber 8, which provides a comparison with the second flow path 4 abruptly enlarged flow cross-sectional area.
  • This enlarged flow cross-sectional area is achieved in that the rear muffler 6 has a diameter which is greater than the sum of the diameters of the first and second flow paths 3, 4 and the chamber 8 is formed by the space in the muffler 6 extending in extension of the second Flow path 4 and extends around the first flow path 3 around.
  • the diameter widens toward the outlet 7.
  • the second flow path 4 is fluidly connected to the chamber 8 via a perforated full-scale formation of the first flow path 3 (pipe). After the abrupt expansion of the exhaust gas of the second flow path 4 in the chamber 8, the exhaust gas flows through the perforation into the first flow path 3 and to the outlet 7.
  • the final muffler 6 is divided in the exhaust gas flow direction by a partition wall 9, so that an upstream first section 10 and a downstream, adjacent to the outlet 7 second portion 11 is formed.
  • the first section 10 is twice as long as the second section 11 when viewed in the flow direction.
  • insulating wool is provided which surrounds the first flow path and reduces the noise formation at the outlet.
  • the size of the chamber 8 can be determined.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further exhaust system 1 in a perspective view.
  • the first and second flow paths 3, 4 are formed as coaxial tubes arranged inside each other, so that the second flow path 4 surrounds the first flow path 3 at a distance, and the distance between the first and second flow paths 3, 4 forms the flow cross-sectional area of the second flow path 4.
  • the first and second flow paths 3, 4 are as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 connected to the pre-muffler 20, wherein the exhaust gas flow from the pre-muffler 20 is supplied to both flow paths 3, 4 depending on the position of the flap 5.
  • the flow area of the first flow path 3 by means of the flap 5 as in FIG. 1 closable.
  • the exhaust gas then flows essentially exclusively via the second flow path 4 into the muffler 6, in which the chamber 8 adjoins the second flow path 4.
  • the operating principle of the sudden cross-sectional enlargement in the muffler 6 is identical to FIG. 2 , Only the tubes of the flow paths 3, 4 are not adjacent to each other, but coaxially into each other.
  • the invention is not limited in its execution to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments. Rather, a number of variants is conceivable, which of the solution shown at fundamentally different types of use.
  • an absorption silencer can be used as the silencer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Abgasanlage für Verbrennungsmotoren vorzugsweise bei Motorrädern mit einem Abgasstrang, der für einen Abgasstrom einen ersten Strömungspfad und einen zweiten Strömungspfad aufweist, wobei sich der erste und zweite Strömungspfad strömungstechnisch getrennt voneinander von einem Vorschalldämpfer zu einem Endschalldämpfer erstrecken.The invention relates to an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, preferably in motorcycles having an exhaust line, which has a first flow path and a second flow path for an exhaust gas flow, wherein the first and second flow paths fluidly separated from a front silencer to a rear silencer.

Die erlaubte Geräuschentwicklung von Motorrädern wird durch den Gesetzgeber immer stärker beschränkt. Die Prüfung der Lautstärke eines Motorrads erfolgt sowohl im Stand als auch durch einen Vorbeifahrttest während das Motorrad beschleunigt. Besonders leistungsstarke Motorräder unterliegen dabei der Problematik, dass zur Unterschreitung der gesetzlichen Grenzwerte eine starke Beschränkung der Abgasströmung erfolgen muss, die zu einer beträchtlichen Leistungsreduzierung und einer unerwünschten Beschränkung des Motordrehmoments führen.The allowed noise of motorcycles is increasingly limited by law. Checking the volume of a motorcycle is both in the state and by a pass-by while the motorcycle accelerates. Particularly powerful motorcycles are subject The problem is that below the legal limits must be made a strong limitation of the exhaust flow, which leads to a significant reduction in power and an undesirable restriction of the engine torque.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind zur Erreichung von hohen Leistungen bei hohen Drehzahlen und gleichzeitig reduzierter Lautstärke bei geringen Drehzahlen Abgasanlagen mit einer im Strömungspfad angeordneten Klappe bekannt, die den Abgasstrom drehzahlabhängig beschränkt. Dabei ist jedoch nachteilig, dass stets der gesamte Abgasstrom beeinflusst wird und die Strömung bei teilweise geöffneter Klappe starke Verwirbelungen erfährt, wodurch die Drehmomentkurve negativ beeinflusst wird. Auch muss zur Erreichung der zukünftigen Geräuschgrenzwerte der Abgasstrom im Drehzahlbereich der Geräuschmessung derart stark beschränkt werden, dass die gewünschte Leistung nicht mehr erreicht würde.Exhaust systems with a valve arranged in the flow path are known from the prior art to achieve high performance at high speeds and simultaneously reduced volume at low speeds, which limits the exhaust gas flow speed dependent. However, it is disadvantageous that always the entire exhaust gas flow is affected and the flow at partially open flap experiences strong turbulence, whereby the torque curve is adversely affected. Also, to achieve the future noise limits of the exhaust gas flow in the speed range of the noise measurement must be so severely limited that the desired performance would not be achieved.

Weitere aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Abgasanlagen sind beispielsweise aus den Offenbarungen der Schriften DE 10 2005 029279 A1 , EP 1 978 218 A1 und US 4 913 260 A bekannt.Further known from the prior art exhaust systems are, for example, from the disclosures of the documents DE 10 2005 029279 A1 . EP 1 978 218 A1 and US 4,913,260 A. known.

Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Abgasanlage für leistungsstarke Motorräder bereit zu stellen, deren Akustik die gesetzlichen Anforderungen erfüllt und, die gleichzeitig über das gesamte Drehzahlband die gewünschte Leistungs- und Drehmomentkurve liefert.Against this background, it is an object of the invention to provide an exhaust system for high-performance motorcycles whose acoustics meet the legal requirements and, at the same time over the entire speed range provides the desired power and torque curve.

Diese Aufgaben werden gelöst durch eine Merkmalskombination gemäß Patentanspruch 1.These objects are achieved by a feature combination according to claim 1.

Dabei wird eine Abgasanlage mit einem Abgasstrang gemäß den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs vorgesehen. Der Abgasstrang weist für einen Abgasstrom mindestens einen ersten Strömungspfad und einen zweiten Strömungspfad auf, wobei sich der erste und zweite Strömungspfad strömungstechnisch getrennt voneinander von einem Vorschalldämpfer zu einem Endschalldämpfer erstrecken und der erste Strömungspfad über eine ansteuerbare Klappe motordrehzahlabhängig kontinuierlich verschließbar ist, wobei der Abgasstrom bei geschlossener Klappe durch den zweiten Strömungspfad strömt.In this case, an exhaust system is provided with an exhaust system according to the features of the main claim. The exhaust gas line has at least one first flow path and one second flow path for an exhaust gas flow, wherein the first and second flow paths are fluidically separated from one another from a pre-silencer to an end silencer extend and the first flow path via a controllable flap engine speed is continuously closed, wherein the exhaust gas flow with the flap closed by the second flow path.

Erfindungsgemäß wird somit vorgesehen, zwei Strömungspfade für den Abgasstrom bereitzustellen, wobei drehzahlabhängig der eine oder der andere bzw. teilweise auch beide durchströmt werden. Bei niedrigen Drehzahlen, beispielweise unter 5000 U/min, wird die Klappe im ersten Strömungspfad geschlossen, so dass der Abgasstrom aus dem Vorschalldämpfer durch den zweiten Strömungspfad von einer Klappe unbeeinflusst und mit optimaler Strömung zu dem Endschalldämpfer strömt. Dabei werden eine Durchströmmasse und eine Durchströmungsgeschwindigkeit des Abgases erreicht, die eine ausreichende Leistung und ein ausreichendes Drehmoment im unteren Drehzahlbereich sicherstellt. Gleichzeitig ist die Geräuschentwicklung ausreichend gering, dass die gesetzlichen Anforderungen erfüllt werden.According to the invention, it is thus provided to provide two flow paths for the exhaust gas flow, wherein one or the other or partly both are flowed through depending on the speed. At low speeds, such as below 5000 rpm, the flap is closed in the first flow path so that the exhaust flow from the front silencer through the second flow path from a flap is unaffected and flows to the end muffler with optimum flow. In this case, a Durchströmmasse and a flow rate of the exhaust gas is achieved, which ensures sufficient power and sufficient torque in the lower speed range. At the same time, the noise level is sufficiently low that the legal requirements are met.

Bei weiter steigender Drehzahl öffnet sich die Klappe kontinuierlich, so dass das Abgas aus dem Vorschalldämpfer auch durch den ersten Strömungspfad strömt. Bei hohen Drehzahlen und hoher Leistungsabgabe ist die Klappe vollständig geöffnet und der Abgasstrom durchströmt im Wesentlichen den ersten Strömungsweg. Ein kleiner Teil strömt zusätzlich durch den ersten Strömungsweg. Über die Steuerung der Klappe ist die Geräuschentwicklung unmittelbar beeinflussbar, wobei stets ein unbeschränktes Durchströmen durch den zweiten Strömungsweg bereitgestellt ist. Es ist somit möglich, eine Aufteilung der Strömungspfade in einen akustikoptimierten Pfad bei geringen Drehzahlen und einen leistungsoptimierten Pfad für hohe Drehzahlen zu erreichen.As the speed continues to increase, the flap opens continuously, so that the exhaust gas from the pre-muffler also flows through the first flow path. At high speeds and high power output, the flap is fully open and the exhaust stream substantially flows through the first flow path. A small part also flows through the first flow path. About the control of the flap, the noise is directly influenced, with always an unrestricted flow through the second flow path is provided. It is thus possible to achieve a division of the flow paths into an acoustically optimized path at low speeds and a power-optimized path for high speeds.

Die Erfindung sieht vor, dass eine Strömungsquerschnittsfläche des ersten, für hohe Leistungen ausgelegten Strömungspfads größer ist wie eine Strömungsquerschnittsfläche des zweiten Strömungspfads.The invention provides that a flow cross-sectional area of the first, designed for high performance flow path is larger than a flow cross-sectional area of the second flow path.

In einer weiteren Ausführung der Erfindung verlaufen der erste und zweite Strömungspfad zwischen Vor- und Endschalldämpfer voneinander getrennt und nebeneinander angeordnet. Bei einer Ausführung mit voneinander getrennt und nebeneinander angeordneten Strömungspfaden können entsprechende Rohre nebeneinander, vorzugsweise parallel, verbaut werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the first and second flow paths between the front and rear muffler are separated from each other and arranged side by side. In an embodiment with separate from each other and juxtaposed flow paths corresponding tubes next to each other, preferably in parallel, can be installed.

Die Abgasanlage umfasst den Endschalldämpfer, in den sich der erste und zweite Strömungspfad hinein erstrecken, wobei der erste Strömungspfad den Endschalldämpfer in Strömungsrichtung vollständig bis zu seinem Auslass hin durchdringt. Die Abgasführung verläuft somit im Bereich hoher Drehzahlen unmittelbar durch den ersten Strömungspfad bis zum Auslass.The exhaust system includes the muffler into which the first and second flow paths extend, the first flow path penetrating the muffler all the way to its outlet in the flow direction. The exhaust system thus runs in the range of high speeds directly through the first flow path to the outlet.

In der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der zweite Strömungspfad in dem Endschalldämpfer in einer Kammer endet, die eine gegenüber dem zweiten Strömungspfad schlagartig vergrößerte Strömungsquerschnittsfläche bereitstellt. Die vergrößerte Strömungsquerschnittsfläche wird beispielsweise durch eine großvolumige Kammer in dem Endschalldämpfer realisiert, durch die das Abgas des zweiten Strömungspfades strömt. Bei einer Lösung mit nebeneinander angeordneten Strömungspfaden ist in dem Endschalldämpfer ein Bereich neben dem ersten Strömungspfad vorgesehen, der die Volumenvergrößerung in Form einer Kammer bereitstellt.In the invention, it is provided that the second flow path in the end muffler ends in a chamber which provides a flow cross-sectional area that is abruptly increased compared to the second flow path. The enlarged flow cross-sectional area, for example, by a large-volume chamber in the End silencer realized through which flows the exhaust gas of the second flow path. In a solution with juxtaposed flow paths in the muffler, a region adjacent to the first flow path is provided, which provides the increase in volume in the form of a chamber.

In der Erfindung zeichnet sich die erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage dadurch aus, dass der erste Strömungspfad in dem Endschalldämpfer mit der Kammer strömungsverbunden ist. Dies wird dadurch erzielt, dass der erste Strömungspfad innerhalb des Endschalldämpfers perforiert ausgebildet ist. Bei Verwendung eines Rohres als ersten Strömungspfad wird hierbei beispielsweise die Außenwandfläche mit einer Vielzahl von Löchern oder Schlitzen versehen, so dass das Abgas aus der Kammer im Endschalldämpfer in den ersten Strömungspfad hinein und aus dem Auslass hinaus strömt. Die Löcher bzw. Schlitze werden über die gesamte Umfangsfläche vorgehsehen, so dass in das den ersten Strömungspfad bildende Rohr über seine gesamte Länge im Endschalldämpfer Abgas einströmen kann.In the invention, the exhaust system according to the invention is characterized in that the first flow path in the muffler is fluidly connected to the chamber. This is achieved in that the first flow path is formed perforated within the muffler. When using a tube as the first flow path in this case, for example, the outer wall surface is provided with a plurality of holes or slots, so that the exhaust gas from the chamber in the muffler into the first flow path and out of the outlet flows out. The holes or slots are vorgehsehen over the entire peripheral surface, so that in the first flow path forming tube over its entire length in the muffler exhaust gas can flow.

In der Erfindung ist ferner vorgesehen, dass der Endschalldämpfer in Strömungsrichtung durch ein Trennelement, beispielsweise ein Wandelement, unterteilt ist, wobei in einem stromaufwärtigen ersten Abschnitt die Kammer und in einem stromabwärtigen, an den Auslass angrenzenden zweiten Abschnitt ein Dämmmittel vorgesehen sind und das Dämmmittel den ersten Strömungspfad umgibt. Die Dämmung des dem Auslass angrenzenden Bereichs ermöglicht eine weitere Abschirmung und definierte Reduzierung der Geräuschentwicklung. Über die Größe des ersten und zweiten Abschnitts kann die Geräuschentwicklung nochmals beeinflusst werden, wobei die Aufteilung darin liegt, dass der erste Abschnitt Zweidrittel und der zweite Abschnitt ein Drittel der Gesamtlänge des Endschalldämpfers bestimmten. Als Dämmmittel eignet sich eine herkömmliche Dämmwolle.In the invention it is further provided that the final muffler in the flow direction by a partition member, for example, a wall member is divided, wherein in an upstream first portion of the chamber and in a downstream, adjacent to the outlet second portion, an insulating means are provided and the insulating means the surrounds first flow path. The insulation of the area adjacent to the outlet allows further shielding and defined reduction of noise. The size of the first and second sections, the noise can be influenced again, the division is that the first section Two-thirds and the second section determined one-third of the total length of the muffler. As insulation is a conventional insulating wool.

Die Erfindung schützt ferner ein Motorrad mit einer Abgasanlage mit einer beliebigen Kombination der oben dargestellten Merkmale, soweit dies technisch möglich ist.The invention further protects a motorcycle with an exhaust system with any combination of the features illustrated above, as far as technically possible.

Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet bzw. werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung der bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig.1
eine Abgasanlage mit parallelem ersten und zweiten Strömungspfad angeschlossen an einem Vorschalldämpfer;
Fig.2
die Fortsetzung der Abgasanlage aus Fig. 1 Bereich des Endschalldämpfers;
Fig. 3
eine weitere Abgasanlage mit koaxialem ersten und zweiten Strömungspfad.
Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims or are shown in more detail below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to FIGS. Show it:
Fig.1
an exhaust system with parallel first and second flow paths connected to a pre-silencer;
Fig.2
the continuation of the exhaust system Fig. 1 Area of the rear silencer;
Fig. 3
another exhaust system with coaxial first and second flow path.

Gleiche Bezugszeichen benennen gleiche Teile in allen Ansichten.Like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the views.

Figur 1 zeigt in einer teilweise geschnittenen, perspektivischen Darstellung einer Abgasanlage 1 in einer ersten Ausführungsform mit separaten parallelen und jeweils als Rohr ausgebildeten ersten und zweiten Strömungspfaden 3, 4. Der zweite Strömungspfad 4 ist durch ein dünneres Rohr mit gegenüber dem Rohr des ersten Strömungspfads 3 geringerer Strömungsquerschnittsfläche gebildet. Beide Strömungspfade 3, 4 erstrecken sich aus dem Vorschalldämpfer 20 und enden in dem Endschalldämpfer 6 (siehe Figur 2). FIG. 1 shows in a partially sectioned perspective view of an exhaust system 1 in a first embodiment with separate parallel and each formed as a tube first and second flow paths 3, 4. The second flow path 4 is through a thinner tube with respect to the tube of the first flow path 3 smaller flow cross-sectional area educated. Both flow paths 3, 4 extend from the front silencer 20 and terminate in the muffler 6 (see FIG. 2 ).

Der erste Strömungspfad 3 weist im Inneren eine auf herkömmliche Weise ansteuerbare Klappe 5 auf, mittels der motordrehzahlabhängig die Strömungsfläche des ersten Strömungspfads 3 kontinuierlich verschließbar ist. Bei geschlossener Klappe 5 strömt der Abgasstrom aus dem Vorschalldämpfer 20 im Wesentlichen ausschließlich durch den zweiten Strömungspfad 4 zu dem Endschalldämpfer 6. Natürlich dichtet die Klappe 5 den ersten Strömungspfads 3 nicht vollständig ab, die Beschränkung reicht jedoch leicht aus, dass der wesentliche Anteil des Abgasstroms durch den zweiten Strömungspfad 4 geführt wird. Über Löcher 21 bzw. eine Perforation der Außenwände sind die beiden Strömungspfade 3, 4 im Vorschalldämpfer 20 miteinander strömungstechnisch verbunden. Der Vorschalldämpfer 20 wirkt dabei im Wesentlichen als Reflexionsschalldämpfer.The first flow path 3 has inside a controllable flap 5 in the conventional manner, by means of the engine speed-dependent, the flow area of the first flow path 3 is continuously closed. Of course, with the flap 5 closed, the exhaust flow from the pre-silencer 20 will flow through only the second flow path 4 to the muffler 6. Of course, the flap 5 does not completely seal the first flow path 3, but the restriction is readily sufficient to account for the substantial portion of the exhaust gas flow is guided through the second flow path 4. Via holes 21 and / or a perforation of the outer walls, the two flow paths 3, 4 in the front silencer 20 are fluidly connected to each other. The pre-muffler 20 acts essentially as a reflection muffler.

In dem Endschalldämpfer 6 gemäß Figur 2 erstreckt sich der erste Strömungspfad 3 in Abgas-Strömungsrichtung vollständig bis zu dem Auslass 7. Der zweite Strömungspfad 4 endet in einer Kammer 8, die eine gegenüber dem zweiten Strömungspfad 4 schlagartig vergrößerte Strömungsquerschnittsfläche bereitstellt. Diese vergrößerte Strömungsquerschnittsfläche wird dadurch erzielt, dass der Endschalldämpfer 6 einen Durchmesser aufweist, der größer ist als die Summe der Durchmesser des ersten und zweiten Strömungspfads 3, 4 und die Kammer 8 durch den Raum im Endschalldämpfer 6 gebildet ist, der sich in Verlängerung des zweiten Strömungspfades 4 und um den ersten Strömungspfad 3 herum erstreckt. Ferner erweitert sich in der gezeigten Ausführung der Durchmesser zum Auslass 7 hin. Innerhalb des Endschalldämpfers 6 ist der zweite Strömungspfad 4 mit der Kammer 8 über eine perforierte vollumfängliche Ausbildung des ersten Strömungspfades 3 (Rohres) strömungsverbunden. Nach der schlagartigen Expansion des Abgases des zweiten Strömungspfades 4 in der Kammer 8 strömt das Abgas über die Perforation in den ersten Strömungspfad 3 hinein und zum Auslass 7. Der Endschalldämpfer 6 ist in Abgas-Strömungsrichtung durch eine Trennwand 9 unterteilt, so dass ein stromaufwärtiger erster Abschnitt 10 und ein stromabwärtiger, an den Auslass 7 angrenzender zweiter Abschnitt 11 gebildet ist. Der erste Abschnitt 10 ist in Strömungsrichtung gesehen doppelt so lang wie der zweite Abschnitt 11. Im stromabwärtigen zweiten Abschnitt 11 ist Dämmwolle vorgesehen, die den ersten Strömungspfad umgibt und die Geräuschbildung am Auslass reduziert. Über die Position der Trennwand 9 kann die Größe der Kammer 8 bestimmt werden.In the muffler 6 according to FIG. 2 the first flow path 3 extends in the exhaust gas flow direction completely to the outlet 7. The second flow path 4 terminates in a chamber 8, which provides a comparison with the second flow path 4 abruptly enlarged flow cross-sectional area. This enlarged flow cross-sectional area is achieved in that the rear muffler 6 has a diameter which is greater than the sum of the diameters of the first and second flow paths 3, 4 and the chamber 8 is formed by the space in the muffler 6 extending in extension of the second Flow path 4 and extends around the first flow path 3 around. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown, the diameter widens toward the outlet 7. Within the muffler 6, the second flow path 4 is fluidly connected to the chamber 8 via a perforated full-scale formation of the first flow path 3 (pipe). After the abrupt expansion of the exhaust gas of the second flow path 4 in the chamber 8, the exhaust gas flows through the perforation into the first flow path 3 and to the outlet 7. The final muffler 6 is divided in the exhaust gas flow direction by a partition wall 9, so that an upstream first section 10 and a downstream, adjacent to the outlet 7 second portion 11 is formed. The first section 10 is twice as long as the second section 11 when viewed in the flow direction. In the downstream second section 11, insulating wool is provided which surrounds the first flow path and reduces the noise formation at the outlet. About the position of the partition 9, the size of the chamber 8 can be determined.

Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere Abgasanlage 1 in perspektivischer Darstellung. Der erste und zweite Strömungspfad 3, 4 sind als koaxiale ineinander angeordnete Rohre gebildet, so dass der zweite Strömungspfad 4 den ersten Strömungspfad 3 beabstandet umgibt, und der Abstand zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Strömungspfad 3, 4 die Strömungsquerschnittsfläche des zweiten Strömungspfads 4 bildet. Der erste und zweite Strömungspfad 3, 4 sind wie in der Ausführung gemäß Figur 1 an dem Vorschalldämpfer 20 angeschlossen, wobei das Abgasstrom aus dem Vorschalldämpfer 20 beiden Strömungspfaden 3, 4 je nach Stellung der Klappe 5 zugeführt wird. In der gezeigten Ausführung ist die Strömungsfläche des ersten Strömungspfades 3 mittels der Klappe 5 wie in Figur 1 verschließbar. Dann strömt das Abgas im Wesentlichen ausschließlich über den zweiten Strömungspfad 4 in den Endschalldämpfer 6, in dem sich an den zweiten Strömungspfad 4 die Kammer 8 anschließt. Das Wirkprinzip der schlagartigen Querschnittsvergrößerung im Endschalldämpfer 6 ist identisch zu Figur 2, lediglich werden die Rohre der Strömungspfade 3, 4 nicht nebeneinander, sondern koaxial ineinander geführt. FIG. 3 shows a further exhaust system 1 in a perspective view. The first and second flow paths 3, 4 are formed as coaxial tubes arranged inside each other, so that the second flow path 4 surrounds the first flow path 3 at a distance, and the distance between the first and second flow paths 3, 4 forms the flow cross-sectional area of the second flow path 4. The first and second flow paths 3, 4 are as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 connected to the pre-muffler 20, wherein the exhaust gas flow from the pre-muffler 20 is supplied to both flow paths 3, 4 depending on the position of the flap 5. In the embodiment shown, the flow area of the first flow path 3 by means of the flap 5 as in FIG. 1 closable. The exhaust gas then flows essentially exclusively via the second flow path 4 into the muffler 6, in which the chamber 8 adjoins the second flow path 4. The operating principle of the sudden cross-sectional enlargement in the muffler 6 is identical to FIG. 2 , Only the tubes of the flow paths 3, 4 are not adjacent to each other, but coaxially into each other.

In beiden Ausführungen ist die Klappensteuerung nicht dargestellt. Hierbei kann auf bekannte Lösungen des Stands der Technik zurückgegriffen werden.In both versions, the flap control is not shown. In this case, known solutions of the prior art can be used.

Die Erfindung beschränkt sich in ihrer Ausführung nicht auf die vorstehend angegebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele. Vielmehr ist eine Anzahl von Varianten denkbar, welche von der dargestellten Lösung auch bei grundsätzlich anders gearteten Ausführungen Gebrauch macht. Beispielsweise kann auch anstelle eines Reflexionsschalldämpfers ein Absorptionsschalldämpfer als Endschalldämpfer verwendet werden.The invention is not limited in its execution to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments. Rather, a number of variants is conceivable, which of the solution shown at fundamentally different types of use. For example, instead of a reflection silencer, an absorption silencer can be used as the silencer.

Claims (3)

  1. An exhaust system for internal combustion engines with an exhaust tract (2) which has for an exhaust stream at least a first flow path (3) designed as a first pipe and a second flow path (4) designed as a second pipe, wherein
    the second pipe is formed as a pipe which is thinner than the first pipe, with a smaller flow area compared with the first pipe,
    the first and second flow path (3, 4) extend, fluidically separated from each other, from a front silencer (20) to at least one rear silencer (6) separated spatially from the front silencer, and the first flow path (3) which is designed as the first pipe can be closed continuously dependent on engine speed by means of a controllable flap (5), wherein the exhaust stream when the flap (5) is closed is conducted through the second flow path (4) which is designed as the second pipe, wherein
    the first and second flow path (3, 4) extend into the rear silencer (6),
    the first flow path (3) penetrates through the rear silencer (6) in the direction of flow completely as far as an outlet (7),
    the second flow path (4) in the rear silencer (6) ends in a chamber (8) which provides a flow cross-section area which is suddenly enlarged by at least double compared with the second flow path (4),
    the first flow path (3) in the rear silencer (6) is fluidically connected to the chamber (8) and the first flow path (3) within the rear silencer (6) is designed with perforations,
    the rear silencer (6) is subdivided in the direction of flow by a separating element (9), with in an upstream first portion (10) the chamber (8) and in a downstream second portion (11) adjoining the outlet (7) an insulating means being provided, wherein the insulating means surrounds the first flow path and the first portion determines two thirds and the second portion one third of the total length of the rear silencer, and
    the separating element (9) seals off the chamber (8) from the second portion (11).
  2. An exhaust system according to Claim 1, characterised in that the first and second flow path (3, 4) run arranged parallel next to one another.
  3. A motorcycle with an exhaust system according to at least one of the preceding claims.
EP15709936.7A 2014-05-16 2015-03-13 Exhaust system having variable exhaust gas paths Active EP3143263B1 (en)

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DE102014209313.9A DE102014209313A1 (en) 2014-05-16 2014-05-16 Exhaust system with variable exhaust gas paths
PCT/EP2015/055305 WO2015172910A1 (en) 2014-05-16 2015-03-13 Exhaust system having variable exhaust gas paths

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WO2015172910A1 (en) 2015-11-19
US10221737B2 (en) 2019-03-05
DE102014209313A1 (en) 2015-11-19
EP3143263A1 (en) 2017-03-22
CN105980678A (en) 2016-09-28
US20170058732A1 (en) 2017-03-02
CN105980678B (en) 2019-06-21

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