EP3142864B1 - Method for manufacturing a security element - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing a security element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3142864B1 EP3142864B1 EP15732046.6A EP15732046A EP3142864B1 EP 3142864 B1 EP3142864 B1 EP 3142864B1 EP 15732046 A EP15732046 A EP 15732046A EP 3142864 B1 EP3142864 B1 EP 3142864B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- strips
- portions
- base film
- strip
- security
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/355—Security threads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/369—Magnetised or magnetisable materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/378—Special inks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to security elements and valuable or security documents incorporating such elements.
- the invention relates more particularly to a security thread and its method of manufacture.
- Security threads are striped security features that are widely used in banknotes to help make counterfeiting more difficult and serve to authenticate them.
- Such wires are for example described in the documents WO2013/034476 , EP0659936 ,
- EP0400902 WO2004/040062 , WO2007/036683 and WO2005/069231 .
- WO2013/034476 discloses in particular two parallel bands present on the same security thread, which change appearance with the angle of observation.
- EP 1 819 525 discloses a security element comprising platelet-shaped pigments which can be oriented under the effect of a magnetic field so as to make it possible to observe, for a direction of observation substantially parallel to the orientation of the pigments, an impression under underlying.
- the security element has two optically active zones whose magnetic pigments are oriented differently, so that the appearance and disappearance of the underlying patterns can be observed when the direction of observation changes.
- the security element can be in the form of a wire, cut from a base film comprising several parallel strips. The cutting of the threads is carried out parallel to the strips, at mid-width thereof.
- a disadvantage of such a method of manufacture is to require a modification of the equipment for producing the strips if the width of the wire must be modified.
- the width of the wire may vary.
- the production of thread personalization prints can prove to be difficult.
- EP 2 372 019 A1 discloses fluorescent boards which must be visible through a fibrous layer.
- FR 2 856 339 A1 describes an alternation of reflective zones and optically variable diffractive zones.
- US 2013/0087060 discloses a device for subjecting a substrate carrying a magnetic pigment ink to a magnetic field for orienting the pigment particles.
- the invention aims to further improve the security elements, in particular in order to facilitate their manufacture in different widths, and it achieves this, according to a first of its aspects, thanks to a method of manufacturing a security element according to claim 1 .
- optically active it should be understood preferably optically variable, that is to say which changes appearance, in particular color, shine and/or opacity, according to the angle of observation or illumination
- This is preferably the optical effect produced by one or more diffractive, in particular holographic, or multilayer interference, in particular iridescent, or color-changing elements
- the optically active zone or zones are preferably defined by magnetically oriented, in particular platelet pigments or magnetically oriented “platelets.”
- the optically variable zones are, in examples of implementation of the invention, other than reflective with a mirror effect, with a single specular reflection effect.
- Cutting the security element in a direction generally transverse to the strips makes it possible to produce the security element with the desired width; the same equipment can be used to make the strips, regardless of the subsequent width of the security element.
- the manufacture of the security element is thereby simplified compared to the process described in WO 2012/176169 A1 .
- the document EP0310707 describes an example of a process for cutting security threads in a direction transverse to the strips.
- this solution makes it possible, if desired, to produce security elements comprising larger optically active zones, which advantageously makes it possible to accentuate the optical effects. Furthermore, the fact of having wider security threads can facilitate their personalization, in particular by printing.
- the security element can be integrated into a fibrous substrate of a document, or serve as a transfer element for depositing optically active structures on a document, this transfer being carried out hot and under pressure for example, thanks to the fact that the strips are then carried in a removable manner by the substrate of the base film.
- the optically active bands include first bands alternating with second bands in the direction of the cut, the first and second bands exhibiting distinct optical effects when viewed simultaneously from at least one viewing direction. This makes it possible to obtain a security element with optical properties which alternate when it is traversed in the direction of the cut.
- the appearance may change, depending on how the strips are made, when the direction of observation rotates around an axis which is parallel to the bands or which is perpendicular to them, in the alternative.
- a so-called “flip-flop” effect is thus obtained, for example with a luminous "extinction” of substantially half of the surface of the security element when it is observed in reflected light in a certain direction of observation, and an inversion of the extinction towards the other zones of the security element when the direction of observation is changed sufficiently.
- the first and second viewing directions for example form between them an angle of at least 60°, in particular between 80 and 100°, preferably a right angle, and are preferably contained in a plane perpendicular to the cutting direction of the base movie. As a variant, they are included in a plane comprising the direction of cutting of the base film and perpendicular to the base film.
- the optically variable bands preferably include magnetically oriented pigments. These pigments are for example pigments as described in the applications EP 1 819 525 Where WO 2012/176169 A1 .
- the bands can be produced by printing, using such oriented pigments.
- the pigments can be deposited in successive passes on the substrate. The latter can be turned over between passes, which is a simple and effective way to orient the pigment particles differently.
- the magnetically oriented pigments within the same band can substantially all have the same orientation.
- the pigments of two adjacent bands on the base film can have different orientations, for example symmetrical orientations on either side of a median plane perpendicular to the substrate and to the bands or to the cutting direction.
- the base film may comprise at least one pattern and/or one luminescent layer which is superimposed at least partially on at least one of the bands, in particular when the latter are produced using oriented pigments, and which then becomes visible when viewed in a direction substantially parallel to the orientation direction of the pigments.
- the pattern or the luminescent layer which is superimposed on the pigments is masked and not visible.
- Each strip may also comprise a lenticular array, in particular an array comprising convex lenses, in particular substantially hemispherical.
- the lenses of the lenticular array make it possible to observe or not, depending on the viewing angle, at least one underlying pattern element.
- An example of a lenticular array that may be suitable is described in the application WO2012085773 .
- the optically active zones of the security element can be oblique, each zone preferably having an inclination relative to the longitudinal direction of the security element of between 30 and 90° (boundary excluded), better still between 60 and 90° (limit excluded), the inclination being obtained in particular by making the strips obliquely on the base film and by cutting parallel to an edge of the base film or by making the strips parallel to an edge of the base film and by cutting in a oblique direction with respect to this edge.
- Each optically active zone can thus have a median axis which makes an angle of between 30 and 90°, better still 60 and 90°, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the security element.
- the width of the optically active bands can be between 1 and 10 mm, better still between 2 and 5 millimeters.
- the security element which is cut may have the same width as the strips, or be wider or narrower.
- the bands may or may not have the same width.
- Two adjacent bands can be separated by a gap.
- the substrate can then carry a visible security element at least partially in said gap.
- the spacing between two optically active bands can always be substantially the same on the base film.
- the spacing between two optically active strips is for example between 0.1 and 3 mm, better still between 0.4 and 1 mm. This spacing can be less than the width of the strips, better representing between 1/20 and 1 ⁇ 4 of their width.
- This security can be present on the substrate on the same side of the latter as the bands, or alternatively on the opposite side, and be at least partially visible in reflected light, or in transmitted light where appropriate, due to the transparency of the substrate.
- a security element according to the invention can thus present an additional security of first, second or third level.
- First-level security means security that can be detected with the naked eye, in daylight or in artificial light, without the use of a particular device. This is, for example, a security made between the bands or on the side opposite the bands, on the base film, for example by printing or metallization/demetallization.
- UV ultraviolet
- IR infrared
- These securities may or may not be visible to the naked eye, being for example luminescent under illumination from a Wood lamp emitting at a wavelength of 365 nm.
- These securities are said to be of second level. It may for example be a luminescent layer superimposed at least partially on the optically active bands of the base film, and which for example fluoresces under UV.
- safeties are for example capable of generating a specific signal when they are subjected, simultaneously or not, to one or more excitation sources. The automatic detection of the signal makes it possible to authenticate, if necessary, the element.
- safeties include, for example, tracers in the form of active materials, particles or fibers, capable of generating a specific signal when these tracers are subjected to optronic, electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic excitation.
- These securities are said to be third level. It is, for example, a magnetic track extending parallel to the bands, and making it possible to generate a magnetic coding.
- the width of the cut-out security element is for example between 1 and 10 mm, better still between 3 and 5 mm. This width can be constant, with parallel and straight edges.
- the security element is elongated and intended to be integrated into a document and to extend from one edge of this document to the opposite edge.
- the wire can be integrated into window(s).
- the security element is thus different from a fiber or a board.
- the security element is preferably an element extending between at least two edges of the secure document, such as a security thread.
- a security thread it is more preferably a thread introduced in window(s).
- the security element can be introduced in window(s) within the secure document or applied by transfer to the secure document, in particular by lamination or hot transfer. It is preferably a security element introduced in the window(s).
- the substrate of the base film is preferably synthetic, made of thermoplastic material, preferably polyethylene terephthalate or polyester.
- the substrate is preferably transparent, and more preferably colorless.
- Each strip comprises a succession of portions having distinct optical properties, with a checkerboard arrangement of said portions on the wire. This makes it possible to produce security elements with a larger number of subdivisions and to increase the diversity of achievable patterns.
- Each band portion thus constitutes an optically active zone with homogeneous intrinsic properties.
- the between two successive optically active portions of the band, in the direction of the length thereof, is for example between 0 and 10 mm.
- This spacing can be non-zero, i.e. different portions of the strip do not touch pitch and are separated by gaps where you can see through the base film substrate for example.
- Each strip portion with homogeneous optical properties has a rectangular outline.
- the spacing between two portions of distinct aspects of the same strip is less than the length of a portion, and there is for example a factor of 1/20 to 1 ⁇ 4 between the spacing between two portions and the length of these portions.
- All the optically active portions of the same strip can have substantially the same length. All the portions of the different strips of the base film can have substantially the same length. The length of a strip portion is for example between 1 and 5 mm.
- the security element cut from the base film may have a width corresponding substantially to the length of a strip portion. This width can still be lower or higher.
- the strip portions include magnetically oriented pigments.
- the magnetically oriented pigments within the same band portion then preferably substantially all have the same orientation.
- Portions of strips substantially all having the same first orientation are arranged alternately with other portions of strips, substantially all having the same second orientation, for example by virtue of a longitudinal offset between the strips, so as to form a checkerboard pattern on the film basic.
- the security element can then be cut so as to have a width which encompasses one or more columns of boxes of such a checkerboard, or even only comprises a single column of boxes.
- the different squares of the checkerboard can be non-contiguous, so as to allow the base film to be cut between the squares.
- the security element has a width greater than the length of a strip portion having a homogeneous appearance, so as to present different optical properties when the security element is traversed in the direction of its width.
- the security element has a sufficient width to comprise two band portions of different appearances, or even more.
- the security element is wide enough to accommodate at least two columns, or even three or more, of the checkerboard.
- Each column groups boxes with different aspects which alternate along the security element.
- the aspects encountered on a column of boxes may be the same as those encountered on another column present on the same security element.
- the effects encountered on one column are not all found on the other columns.
- certain effects encountered on boxes located in the direction of the width of the element, between other boxes can be intermediate, so as to obtain, for example, more progressiveness in the variation of the effects observed when the direction of observation changes.
- a further subject of the invention is a base film according to claim 13.
- the portions of a band can be non-contiguous.
- the strips may be spaced apart in the machine direction.
- the security element according to the invention is elongated.
- This security element has a succession, along its length, of optically active zones of different appearances, in particular whose properties alternate. These optically active zones come from the cutting of respective bands.
- the optically active zones comprise oriented magnetic pigments: Two optically active zones can have differently oriented magnetic pigments with an appearance or disappearance of a reflection during a rotation of the element relative to the observer around an axis transverse rotation, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the security element.
- At least two zones of different appearance are observed, and preferably 3 to 5 zones of different appearance, corresponding to the aforementioned different bands of the base film.
- This allows, when the wire is inserted in windows 12 to 15 mm long, a visibility on the wire of at least two optically active zones, which change appearance when the direction of observation changes, as mentioned above.
- each zone which corresponds to the portion of strip thus cut has a rectangular shape with a large side perpendicular to the wire.
- Each portion of the pairs of adjacent portions has a rectangular shape with a large side parallel to the longitudinal direction of the element or, as a variant, perpendicular to said direction.
- the invention also relates to a secure document according to claim 15.
- This security element is a security thread preferably inserted as window(s) in a substrate of the document, which is preferably a paper substrate but which can also be a synthetic substrate or even a hybrid substrate comprising a paper and a plastic film.
- the substrate which receives the security element can comprise one or more paper plies.
- This substrate can advantageously include additional securities, which can be first, second or third level.
- secure document is meant a document of value, for example a means of payment, such as a banknote, a check or a meal ticket, a lottery ticket, a transport ticket or a ticket giving access to a cultural or sporting event and/or a document for the identification of persons, such as an identity card, visa, passport or driving licence.
- the security element preferably extends from one edge of the document to the other.
- the security element is preferably visible in reflected light within at least one window of the document, as indicated above, which may have a rectangular shape, in particular with a long side perpendicular to the long sides of the document.
- the length of the window measured in the direction of the length of the security element, is preferably between 12 and 15 mm.
- At least two, and preferably three to five zones of different appearances are visible, corresponding to the aforementioned bands of the base film.
- a security thread extends between the two longest edges of a banknote.
- the document may have a rectangular shape with long sides and the security element is a wire which extends between these long sides.
- the secure document according to the invention thus comprises a security thread, obtained by the implementation of a method according to the invention, having zones of different aspects which follow one another in the longitudinal direction of the security thread and which are each elongated in a direction transverse to the direction longitudinal length of the thread, in particular substantially parallel to the long sides of the document, these zones of different aspects or optical effects changing in aspect when the direction of observation changes, with in particular an inversion of the aspects between two zones when the direction of observation changes.
- Each of these zones of different appearances may correspond to a strip portion of the aforementioned base film.
- the method according to the invention implements the cutting of security elements 3 within a base film 40 in a so-called machine direction SM, as illustrated in dotted lines on the figure 1 .
- the base film 40 comprises a substrate 50, preferably made of a thermoplastic material, such as polyester or PET.
- the thickness t of the substrate 50 is for example between 6 and 50 ⁇ m.
- the substrate 50 carries optically active bands of different appearances, which extend in a direction perpendicular to the machine direction, called the transverse direction ST.
- the substrate 50 carries on the same face a first set of spaced parallel strips 31 and a second set of spaced parallel strips 32, which alternate with the strips 31, with a constant spacing e between the first strips and the second bands, for example of the order of 0.5 mm for a band width of the order of 4 mm.
- the base film is cut transversely to the strips 31 and 32, preferably perpendicular to the latter, to constitute a plurality of security threads 3 each comprising in the longitudinal direction an alternation of optically active zones originating respectively from the first strips and second strips .
- the strips 31 and 32 are continuous in the transverse direction ST and each of a homogeneous appearance over the entire width of the base film 40.
- Each strip 31 or 32 can be made with different securing means, such as pigments deposited by printing for example, and in particular magnetic pigments in platelet form oriented under the effect of a magnetic field.
- the orientation of the pigments can thus be the same, and when passing from one band to the next, the orientation of the pigments changes.
- the base film 40 is for example unrolled a first time to pass to a printing station where the bands 31 are formed using oriented pigments 16, represented schematically in figure 2 . Then, the base film 40 is turned over and goes back to the same printing station to form the bands 32 corresponding to the oriented pigments 17. Due to the turning over of the base film, the pigments 16 and 17 are oriented differently.
- the film is then cut to form the security threads 3 which are for example wound on multiple reels.
- Impressions 11 can be carried by a face 12 of the substrate 50 opposite to that receiving the strips 31 and 32, so as to form when the element 3 is observed from the front a set of optically active zones 13 and 14 spaced apart, parallel to the strips 31 and 32, the impressions 11 extending below them.
- the prints 11 can be produced using luminescent inks, in particular fluorescent inks visible when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.
- the prints 11 extend for example in the form of strips of the same width as the strips 31 and 32 or, as a variant, are narrower or wider.
- the optically active zones 13 and 14 create spaces 15 between them.
- the prints 11 can be prints of different inks, depending on the bands 31 and 32 with which they are superimposed, so as to make different colors appear under UV.
- the pigments 16 and 17 being oriented differently, as illustrated, for a direction of observation parallel to the direction of orientation of the platelets of the pigment, the underlying print 11 is visible and for a different direction of observation the pigment is reflective and the underlying print 11 is not visible.
- Optically active bands 31 and 32 separated by spaces 15 are thus obtained on the base film and one observes, for example, on the cut yarn 3 the change in appearance illustrated in figures 4 and 5 , not part of the invention, when the viewing direction is changed.
- the prints 11 can be made directly on the substrate 50, as is the case on the picture 2 , or in a variant not illustrated on an intermediate layer, which can make it possible to protect the prints 11.
- the security thread obtained using the method according to the invention may comprise a multilayer support, if necessary.
- the pigments 16 and 17 are oriented according to the axis around which the viewing direction must turn to observe the desired change in appearance.
- the pigments are oriented, the longitudinal axis of the wire being vertical, respectively to the left and to the right, to obtain a change in appearance when the document is turned parallel to this axis. There is then an alternation of appearances of the zones during this rotation.
- the pigments are oriented downwards and upwards, to obtain a change in appearance when the document is rotated around an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, said perpendicular axis is preferably contained in the document outline. There is then an alternation of appearances of the zones during this rotation.
- the publication WO 2012/176169 A1 discloses various possible combinations between on the one hand the oriented magnetic pigments and on the other hand the underlying impressions, which can represent more or less complex patterns.
- these optically active bands can comprise any means making it possible to obtain a color effect, gloss and/or perception of a pattern, with the naked eye or under UV or IR.
- it is an effect which varies with the viewing angle, such as that obtained with oriented magnetic pigments.
- a secure document 1 according to the invention for example a banknote, which comprises a substrate 2 and a security thread 3 according to the invention, obtained by cutting the base film 40, as explained above.
- the security film 3 extends between two opposite edges 4 and 5 of the document 1, which are those of greater length.
- the security thread 3 can be incorporated at least partially by mass in the substrate 2 of the secure document 1, during the manufacture of the latter, in a conventional manner. Any conventional technique for introducing a security thread into windows can be used.
- wire 3 Only part of wire 3 can be visible in reflected light, for example through one or more windows 6 formed in substrate 2.
- Each window 6 can expose several optically variable areas 13, 14 of the wire 3.
- the substrate 2 is fibrous, comprising for example a mixture of natural and/or synthetic fibres, for example cellulose, linen and/or cotton fibres.
- the substrate 2 can also, as a variant, be made at least partially from a film of plastic material, for example a bi-stretched polyolefin film such as that marketed under the name Polyart by the company ARJOBEX Ltd.
- the security element is for example applied to the surface of such a substrate, and held thereon by heat sealing and/or with the aid of an adhesive, in particular a heat-adhesive.
- the base film consists of strips 31, 32 separable from the substrate 50 and applied to the substrate 2 by heat transfer.
- the wire 3 or the document 1 can include other first, second and/or third level securities, such as those mentioned above.
- At least one of the constituent layers of the document 1 can comprise a first level security element such as a watermark or a pseudo-watermark.
- the security thread can be superimposed at least partially on such a watermark.
- the width w of the wire 3 is preferably greater than the width l of the strips 31 and 32, so that the latter form on the wire, after cutting, checkerboard areas of rectangular shape with long sides parallel to those of the document .
- each strip 31 of the base film is itself subdivided into portions 71 and 73, and each strip 32 into portions 72 and 74 with a longitudinal offset chosen so that the arrangement of the different portions 71 to 74 on the base film base 40 forms a checkerboard.
- all portions 71 to 74 are formed with oriented magnetic pigments.
- the magnetic pigment particles within each band portion 71 to 74 all have substantially the same orientation.
- the strip portions 71,74 substantially all have the same first orientation and the strip portions 72,73 substantially all have the same second orientation, so that for a given viewing direction, a checkerboard appearance is observed, the boxes change appearance and pass for example from light to dark or vice versa, when changing direction of observation.
- the spacing d between two successive portions of the same strip 31 or 32 is greater than the length g, measured in the transverse direction ST, thereof.
- Each square of the checkerboard is for example rectangular in shape, with a large side parallel to the machine direction SM.
- the threads 3 are for example cut according to the dotted lines of the figure 6 , halfway across the boxes.
- the 3 safety threads cut according to the machine direction SM in the base film of the figure 6 can be wide enough to fit multiple columns of boxes across the width.
- the orientation of each portion belonging to the central column can be intermediate between those of the portions of the other columns located on the same line and arranged on either side of it, as illustrated in the figure 7 , so that when you change the direction of observation, there is a visual effect of transition between the different portions which is more progressive.
- the central optically active zone 14 of the wire 3 has magnetic pigments oriented perpendicular to the substrate 50 and the lateral optically active zones 13a and 13b located on either side of the central zone 14 are oriented respectively to the left and to the right . It is possible to obtain a transition effect corresponding to a zone of light appearance of the yarn which moves from side to side.
- discontinuous strips with portions of different appearances arranged "in a checkerboard pattern" makes it possible to obtain a variety of security threads from the same base film, by varying the position during cutting, of the knives used.
- the figure 8 illustrates three different cutting configurations of the same base film, leading to different security threads, illustrated in Figures 9A, 9B, and 9C respectively.
- the first cutting configuration is obtained by positioning the knives so, along the lines C1, that they cut each strip in the middle of a solid portion 71 and 72, or 73 and 74.
- a security thread is then obtained as shown on the figure 9A , comprising a succession of pairs of half-portions belonging to as many respective strips when traversed longitudinally, and two half-portions of the same strip when traversed transversely, along T for example.
- Lines C2 thus pass between portions 71 and 73 for a strip 31 and between portions 72 and 74 for a strip 32.
- the second cutting configuration is obtained by positioning the knives along lines C2 so that they cut each strip between two strip portions. Lines C2 thus pass between portions 71 and 73 for a band 31 and between portions 72 and 74 for a band 32.
- a security thread is obtained as illustrated in Figure 9B , not part of the invention, comprising a succession of portions each belonging to a different strip when traversed longitudinally, and a single portion of strip when traversed transversely, along T for example.
- the third cutting configuration is obtained by positioning the knives along the lines C3 so that they cut each strip between two portions of strip, the lines C2 being spaced apart so that there is a knife of placed between every other portion of each strip.
- the lines C3 are thus merged with one line out of two of the lines C2.
- a security thread is obtained as shown in figure 9C , comprising a succession of pairs of portions belonging to as many respective strips when traversed longitudinally, and two portions of the same strip when traversed transversely, along T for example.
- security threads 3 comprising oblique optically active zones, each having for example a median axis oriented obliquely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the thread.
- oblique optically active zones each having for example a median axis oriented obliquely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the thread.
- the same result can be achieved by arranging the strips 31, 32 obliquely relative to an edge of the base film, using techniques similar to those described above for applying the strips to the base film. A different base film is then obtained, but it is not necessary to modify the orientation of the knives: the machine direction SM can remain parallel to one of the edges of the base film, as illustrated in figure 10 .
- the inclination ⁇ between the central axis of the strips 31, 32 and the direction of the knives is for example between 30 and 90° (limit excluded), preferably between 60 and 90° (limit excluded).
- the bands of different appearances can be produced with means other than orientable magnetic pigments.
- strips can be made with interference pigments, in particular goniochromatic, or with lenticular networks.
- the optically active bands are preferably produced on the same face of the substrate.
- the bands are produced on the two opposite faces of the substrate.
- bands 31 of the example of the figure 1 are made on the front of the substrate and the bands 32 on the back of the substrate.
- the bands made on the base film can be of more than two kinds. For example, there are k different types of bands which follow one another in the machine direction SM, with all possible combinations between them.
- the cutting can be carried out, if necessary, with a variable width, or obliquely with respect to the strips, when the latter are printed obliquely with respect to the cross direction.
- the strips can be made with variable width.
- the security thread can receive one or more impressions which extend continuously in the machine direction SM or a band having a microtext, in particular formed by metallization/demetallization.
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Description
La présente invention concerne les éléments de sécurité et les documents de valeur ou de sécurité incorporant de tels éléments.The present invention relates to security elements and valuable or security documents incorporating such elements.
L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un fil de sécurité et son procédé de fabrication.The invention relates more particularly to a security thread and its method of manufacture.
Les fils de sécurité sont des éléments de sécurité en bande très souvent utilisés dans les billets de banque pour contribuer à rendre plus difficiles les contrefaçons et servir à les authentifier.Security threads are striped security features that are widely used in banknotes to help make counterfeiting more difficult and serve to authenticate them.
De très nombreux fils visent à proposer une sécurité facile à reconnaître pour l'homme de la rue et difficile à reproduire.Many threads aim to provide security that is easy for the man in the street to recognize and difficult to reproduce.
De tels fils sont par exemple décrits dans les documents
Dans la demande
Un inconvénient d'un tel procédé de fabrication est de nécessiter une modification de l'équipement de réalisation des bandes si la largeur du fil doit être modifiée. Or, selon les applications ou la taille des billets de banque, la largeur du fil peut être amenée à varier. De plus, dans le cas de fils étroits, la réalisation d'impressions de personnalisation du fil peut s'avérer difficile.A disadvantage of such a method of manufacture is to require a modification of the equipment for producing the strips if the width of the wire must be modified. However, depending on the applications or the size of the banknotes, the width of the wire may vary. In addition, in the case of narrow threads, the production of thread personalization prints can prove to be difficult.
L'invention vise à perfectionner encore les éléments de sécurité, notamment afin de faciliter leur fabrication sous différentes largeurs, et elle y parvient, selon un premier de ses aspects, grâce à un procédé de fabrication d'un élément de sécurité selon la revendication 1.The invention aims to further improve the security elements, in particular in order to facilitate their manufacture in different widths, and it achieves this, according to a first of its aspects, thanks to a method of manufacturing a security element according to claim 1 .
Par "optiquement actif', il faut comprendre de préférence optiquement variable, c'est-à-dire qui change d'aspect, notamment de couleur, de brillance et/ou d'opacité, selon l'angle d'observation ou d'illumination. Il s'agit préférentiellement de l'effet optique produit par un ou plusieurs éléments diffractifs, notamment holographiques, ou interférentiels multicouches, notamment iridescents, ou à changement de couleur. La ou les zones optiquement actives sont de préférence définies par des particules magnétiquement orientées, notamment des pigments plaquettaires ou "plaquettes" magnétiquement orienté(e)s. Les zones optiquement variables sont, dans des exemples de mise en œuvre de l'invention, autres que réflectives à effet miroir, avec un seul effet de réflexion spéculaire.By "optically active", it should be understood preferably optically variable, that is to say which changes appearance, in particular color, shine and/or opacity, according to the angle of observation or illumination This is preferably the optical effect produced by one or more diffractive, in particular holographic, or multilayer interference, in particular iridescent, or color-changing elements The optically active zone or zones are preferably defined by magnetically oriented, in particular platelet pigments or magnetically oriented “platelets.” The optically variable zones are, in examples of implementation of the invention, other than reflective with a mirror effect, with a single specular reflection effect.
Le fait de découper l'élément de sécurité dans une direction généralement transversale aux bandes permet de produire l'élément de sécurité avec la largeur souhaitée; un même équipement peut être utilisé pour réaliser les bandes, quelle que soit la largeur ultérieure de l'élément de sécurité. La fabrication de l'élément de sécurité s'en trouve simplifiée par rapport au procédé décrit dans
Le document
De plus, cette solution permet, si on le souhaite, de réaliser des éléments de sécurité comportant des zones optiquement actives plus larges, ce qui permet avantageusement d'accentuer les effets optiques. Par ailleurs, le fait de disposer de fils de sécurité plus larges peut faciliter leur personnalisation, notamment par des impressions.In addition, this solution makes it possible, if desired, to produce security elements comprising larger optically active zones, which advantageously makes it possible to accentuate the optical effects. Furthermore, the fact of having wider security threads can facilitate their personalization, in particular by printing.
L'élément de sécurité peut être intégré dans un substrat fibreux d'un document, ou servir d'élément de transfert pour déposer sur un document des structures optiquement actives, ce transfert s'effectuant à chaud et sous pression par exemple, grâce au fait que les bandes sont alors portées de façon amovible par le substrat du film de base.The security element can be integrated into a fibrous substrate of a document, or serve as a transfer element for depositing optically active structures on a document, this transfer being carried out hot and under pressure for example, thanks to the fact that the strips are then carried in a removable manner by the substrate of the base film.
Les bandes optiquement actives comportent des premières bandes alternant avec des secondes bandes dans le sens de la découpe, les premières et les secondes bandes présentant des effets optiques distincts lorsqu'observées simultanément dans au moins une direction d'observation. Cela permet d'obtenir un élément de sécurité avec des propriétés optiques qui alternent lorsque qu'on le parcourt dans le sens de la découpe. L'aspect peut changer, selon la manière dont on réalise les bandes, lorsque la direction d'observation pivote autour d'un axe qui est parallèle aux bandes ou qui leur est perpendiculaire, en variante.The optically active bands include first bands alternating with second bands in the direction of the cut, the first and second bands exhibiting distinct optical effects when viewed simultaneously from at least one viewing direction. This makes it possible to obtain a security element with optical properties which alternate when it is traversed in the direction of the cut. The appearance may change, depending on how the strips are made, when the direction of observation rotates around an axis which is parallel to the bands or which is perpendicular to them, in the alternative.
Les premières et secondes bandes sont réalisées de telle sorte que :
- a. dans une première direction d'observation du film de base (40) les premières bandes paraissent d'un premier aspect, à effet optique variable et les secondes bandes paraissent d'un deuxième aspect, différent du premier aspect, à effet optique variable,
- b. dans une seconde direction d'observation du film de base, différente de la première direction, les premières bandes paraissent avec le second aspect et les secondes avec le premier aspect.
- has. in a first viewing direction of the base film (40) the first bands appear with a first aspect, with variable optical effect and the second bands appear with a second aspect, different from the first aspect, with variable optical effect,
- b. in a second viewing direction of the base film, different from the first direction, the first bands appear with the second aspect and the second with the first aspect.
On obtient ainsi un effet dit « flip-flop », par exemple avec une « extinction » lumineuse de sensiblement la moitié de la surface de l'élément de sécurité lorsqu'on l'observe en lumière réfléchie dans une certaine direction d'observation, et une inversion de l'extinction vers les autres zones de l'élément de sécurité lorsqu'on change suffisamment de direction d'observation.A so-called "flip-flop" effect is thus obtained, for example with a luminous "extinction" of substantially half of the surface of the security element when it is observed in reflected light in a certain direction of observation, and an inversion of the extinction towards the other zones of the security element when the direction of observation is changed sufficiently.
Les première et seconde directions d'observation forment par exemple entre elles un angle d'au moins 60°, notamment compris entre 80 et 100°, de préférence un angle droit, et sont de préférence contenues dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction de découpe du film de base. En variante, elles sont comprises dans un plan comprenant la direction de découpe du film de base et perpendiculaire au film de base.The first and second viewing directions for example form between them an angle of at least 60°, in particular between 80 and 100°, preferably a right angle, and are preferably contained in a plane perpendicular to the cutting direction of the base movie. As a variant, they are included in a plane comprising the direction of cutting of the base film and perpendicular to the base film.
Les bandes optiquement variables comportent de préférence des pigments magnétiquement orientés. Ces pigments sont par exemple des pigments tels que décrits dans les demandes
Les bandes peuvent être réalisées par impression, à l'aide de tels pigments orientés. Les pigments peuvent être déposés par passes successives sur le substrat. Ce dernier peut être retourné entre les passes, ce qui constitue un moyen simple et efficace pour orienter les particules de pigment différemment.The bands can be produced by printing, using such oriented pigments. The pigments can be deposited in successive passes on the substrate. The latter can be turned over between passes, which is a simple and effective way to orient the pigment particles differently.
Les pigments magnétiquement orientés au sein d'une même bande peuvent présenter sensiblement tous la même orientation. Les pigments de deux bandes adjacentes sur le film de base peuvent présenter des orientations différentes, par exemple des orientations symétriques de part et d'autre d'un plan médian perpendiculaire au substrat et aux bandes ou à la direction de découpe.The magnetically oriented pigments within the same band can substantially all have the same orientation. The pigments of two adjacent bands on the base film can have different orientations, for example symmetrical orientations on either side of a median plane perpendicular to the substrate and to the bands or to the cutting direction.
Le film de base peut comporter au moins un motif et/ou une couche luminescente qui se superpose au moins partiellement à l'une au moins des bandes, notamment lorsque celles-ci sont réalisées à l'aide de pigments orientés, et qui devient alors visible lorsque l'on observe dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à la direction d'orientation des pigments. Lorsque l'on observe dans une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction d'orientation des pigments, le motif ou la couche luminescente qui se superpose aux pigments est masqué et non visible.The base film may comprise at least one pattern and/or one luminescent layer which is superimposed at least partially on at least one of the bands, in particular when the latter are produced using oriented pigments, and which then becomes visible when viewed in a direction substantially parallel to the orientation direction of the pigments. When observed in a direction substantially perpendicular to the orientation direction of the pigments, the pattern or the luminescent layer which is superimposed on the pigments is masked and not visible.
Chaque bande peut aussi comporter un réseau lenticulaire, notamment un réseau comportant des lentilles convexes, notamment sensiblement hémisphériques. Les lentilles du réseau lenticulaire permettent d'observer ou non, selon l'angle d'observation, au moins un élément de motif sous-jacent. Un exemple de réseau lenticulaire pouvant convenir est décrit dans la demande
Les zones optiquement actives de l'élément de sécurité peuvent être obliques, chaque zone présentant de préférence une inclinaison par rapport à la direction longitudinale de l'élément de sécurité comprise entre 30 et 90° (borne exclue), mieux entre 60 et 90° (borne exclue), l'inclinaison étant notamment obtenue en réalisant les bandes obliquement sur le film de base et en découpant parallèlement à un bord du film de base ou en réalisant les bandes parallèlement à un bord du film de base et en découpant dans une direction oblique par rapport à ce bord. Chaque zone optiquement active peut ainsi présenter un axe médian qui fait un angle compris entre 30 et 90°, mieux 60 et 90°, par rapport à la direction longitudinale de l'élément de sécurité.The optically active zones of the security element can be oblique, each zone preferably having an inclination relative to the longitudinal direction of the security element of between 30 and 90° (boundary excluded), better still between 60 and 90° (limit excluded), the inclination being obtained in particular by making the strips obliquely on the base film and by cutting parallel to an edge of the base film or by making the strips parallel to an edge of the base film and by cutting in a oblique direction with respect to this edge. Each optically active zone can thus have a median axis which makes an angle of between 30 and 90°, better still 60 and 90°, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the security element.
La largeur des bandes optiquement actives peut être comprise entre 1 et 10 mm, mieux entre 2 et 5 millimètres.The width of the optically active bands can be between 1 and 10 mm, better still between 2 and 5 millimeters.
L'élément de sécurité qui est découpé peut avoir la même largeur que les bandes, ou être plus large ou moins large. Les bandes peuvent ou non avoir la même largeur.The security element which is cut may have the same width as the strips, or be wider or narrower. The bands may or may not have the same width.
Deux bandes adjacentes peuvent être séparées par un intervalle. Le substrat peut alors porter un élément de sécurité visible au moins partiellement dans ledit intervalle.Two adjacent bands can be separated by a gap. The substrate can then carry a visible security element at least partially in said gap.
L'espacement entre deux bandes optiquement actives peut être toujours sensiblement le même sur le film de base. L'espacement entre deux bandes optiquement actives est par exemple compris entre 0,1 et 3 mm, mieux entre 0,4 et 1 mm. Cet espacement peut être inférieur à la largeur des bandes, mieux représenter entre 1/20 et ¼ de leur largeur.The spacing between two optically active bands can always be substantially the same on the base film. The spacing between two optically active strips is for example between 0.1 and 3 mm, better still between 0.4 and 1 mm. This spacing can be less than the width of the strips, better representing between 1/20 and ¼ of their width.
La présence d'un espacement entre deux bandes permet, si on le souhaite, de disposer une sécurité additionnelle entre elles. Cette sécurité peut être présente sur le substrat du même côté de celui-ci que les bandes, ou en variante du côté opposé, et être au moins partiellement visible en lumière réfléchie, ou en lumière transmise le cas échéant, du fait de la transparence du substrat.The presence of a spacing between two strips makes it possible, if desired, to place additional security between them. This security can be present on the substrate on the same side of the latter as the bands, or alternatively on the opposite side, and be at least partially visible in reflected light, or in transmitted light where appropriate, due to the transparency of the substrate.
Outre la sécurité apportée par les zones optiquement actives résultant de la découpe des bandes du film de base, un élément de sécurité selon l'invention peut ainsi présenter une sécurité additionnelle de premier, deuxième ou troisième niveau.In addition to the security provided by the optically active zones resulting from the cutting of the strips of the base film, a security element according to the invention can thus present an additional security of first, second or third level.
Par « sécurité de premier niveau » il faut comprendre une sécurité détectable à l'œil nu, en lumière du jour ou en lumière artificielle, sans utilisation d'un appareil particulier. Il s'agit par exemple d'une sécurité réalisée entre les bandes ou du côté opposé aux bandes, sur le film de base, par exemple par impression ou métallisation/démétallisation.“First-level security” means security that can be detected with the naked eye, in daylight or in artificial light, without the use of a particular device. This is, for example, a security made between the bands or on the side opposite the bands, on the base film, for example by printing or metallization/demetallization.
D'autres types de sécurités sont détectables seulement à l'aide d'un appareil relativement simple, tel qu'une lampe émettant dans l'ultraviolet (UV) ou l'infrarouge (IR). Ces sécurités peuvent être visibles à l'œil nu ou non, étant par exemple luminescentes sous un éclairage d'une lampe de Wood émettant à une longueur d'onde de 365 nm. Ces sécurités sont dites de deuxième niveau. Il peut s'agir par exemple d'une couche luminescente se superposant au moins partiellement aux bandes optiquement actives du film de base, et qui par exemple fluoresce sous UV.Other types of security are detectable only using a relatively simple device, such as an ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR) emitting lamp. These securities may or may not be visible to the naked eye, being for example luminescent under illumination from a Wood lamp emitting at a wavelength of 365 nm. These securities are said to be of second level. It may for example be a luminescent layer superimposed at least partially on the optically active bands of the base film, and which for example fluoresces under UV.
D'autres types de sécurités nécessitent pour leur détection un appareil de détection plus sophistiqué. Ces sécurités sont par exemple capables de générer un signal spécifique lorsqu'elles sont soumises, de manière simultanée ou non, à une ou plusieurs sources d'excitation. La détection automatique du signal permet d'authentifier, le cas échéant, l'élément. Ces sécurités comportent par exemple des traceurs se présentant sous la forme de matières actives, de particules ou de fibres, capables de générer un signal spécifique lorsque ces traceurs sont soumis à une excitation optronique, électrique, magnétique ou électromagnétique. Ces sécurités sont dites de troisième niveau. Il s'agit par exemple d'une piste magnétique s'étendant parallèlement aux bandes, et permettant de générer un codage magnétique.Other types of security require a more sophisticated detection device for their detection. These safeties are for example capable of generating a specific signal when they are subjected, simultaneously or not, to one or more excitation sources. The automatic detection of the signal makes it possible to authenticate, if necessary, the element. These safeties include, for example, tracers in the form of active materials, particles or fibers, capable of generating a specific signal when these tracers are subjected to optronic, electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic excitation. These securities are said to be third level. It is, for example, a magnetic track extending parallel to the bands, and making it possible to generate a magnetic coding.
Le film de base peut comporter, notamment entre deux bandes et/ou se superposant au moins partiellement à l'une au moins des bandes, du côté de la même face du substrat que les bandes ou du côté opposé :
- une démétallisation,
- une bande magnétique, créant une sécurité de troisième niveau, ou
- un élément coloré ou à effet goniochromatique, métallique ou holographique, entre autres possibilités.
- demetallization,
- a magnetic stripe, creating third-level security, or
- a colored or goniochromatic, metallic or holographic effect element, among other possibilities.
La largeur de l'élément de sécurité découpé est par exemple comprise entre 1 et 10 mm, mieux entre 3 et 5 mm. Cette largeur peut être constante, avec des bords parallèles et rectilignes.The width of the cut-out security element is for example between 1 and 10 mm, better still between 3 and 5 mm. This width can be constant, with parallel and straight edges.
L'élément de sécurité, selon la revendication 14, est de forme allongée et destiné à être intégré à un document et à s'étendre d'un bord de ce document au bord opposé. Le fil peut être intégré en fenêtre(s). L'élément de sécurité est ainsi différent d'une fibre ou d'une planchette.The security element, according to
L'élément de sécurité s'agit de préférence d'un élément s'étendant entre au moins deux bords du document sécurisé, tel qu'un fil de sécurité.The security element is preferably an element extending between at least two edges of the secure document, such as a security thread.
Dans le cas d'un fil de sécurité, il s'agit plus préférentiellement d'un fil introduit en fenêtre(s).In the case of a security thread, it is more preferably a thread introduced in window(s).
L'élément de sécurité peut être introduit en fenêtre(s) au sein du document sécurisé ou appliqué par transfert sur le document sécurisé, notamment par lamination ou transfert à chaud. Il s'agit de préférence d'un élément de sécurité introduit en fenêtre(s).The security element can be introduced in window(s) within the secure document or applied by transfer to the secure document, in particular by lamination or hot transfer. It is preferably a security element introduced in the window(s).
Le substrat du film de base est de préférence synthétique, en matière thermoplastique, de préférence du polyéthylène téréphtalate ou du polyester. Le substrat est de préférence transparent, et de préférence encore incolore.The substrate of the base film is preferably synthetic, made of thermoplastic material, preferably polyethylene terephthalate or polyester. The substrate is preferably transparent, and more preferably colorless.
Chaque bande comporte une succession de portions présentant des propriétés optiques distinctes, avec une disposition en damier desdites portions sur le fil. Cela permet de produire des éléments de sécurité avec un nombre de subdivisions plus important et d'augmenter la diversité des motifs réalisables. Chaque portion de bande constitue ainsi une zone optiquement active aux propriétés intrinsèques homogènes.Each strip comprises a succession of portions having distinct optical properties, with a checkerboard arrangement of said portions on the wire. This makes it possible to produce security elements with a larger number of subdivisions and to increase the diversity of achievable patterns. Each band portion thus constitutes an optically active zone with homogeneous intrinsic properties.
L'entre deux portions optiquement actives successives de la bande, dans le sens de la longueur de celle-ci, est par exemple compris entre 0 et 10 mm. Cet écartement peut être non nul, c'est-à-dire que différentes portions de la bande ne se touchent pas et sont séparées par des intervalles où l'on peut voir à travers le substrat du film de base par exemple.The between two successive optically active portions of the band, in the direction of the length thereof, is for example between 0 and 10 mm. This spacing can be non-zero, i.e. different portions of the strip do not touch pitch and are separated by gaps where you can see through the base film substrate for example.
Les bandes optiquement actives étant discontinues et formées chacune par une alternance de portions présentant des propriétés optiques distinctes, avec un décalage entre deux bandes successives de telle sorte que lesdites portions soient disposées sur le film selon un agencement en damier, les éléments peuvent être découpés selon au moins l'une des façons suivantes :
- les éléments de sécurité sont découpés en coupant à mi-longueur de deux portions successives d'une bande,
- les éléments de sécurité sont découpés en coupant entre les portions successives d'une bande, ou
- les éléments de sécurité sont découpés en coupant entre chaque paire de portions successives d'une bande
- the security elements are cut by cutting at mid-length two successive portions of a strip,
- the security features are cut by cutting between successive portions of a strip, or
- the security features are cut by cutting between each pair of successive portions of a strip
On peut découper deux films de base identiques de deux façons différentes choisies parmi celles ci-dessus. Dans le cas d'un film de base comportant des bandes discontinues, il est ainsi possible d'obtenir différents éléments de sécurité selon la position du couteau adoptée lors de la découpe des éléments de sécurité. En particulier, on peut disposer le couteau :
- soit de façon à ce qu'il y ait un couteau entre chaque portion de chaque bande discontinue, et l'on obtient alors des éléments de sécurité comportant une succession de portions de bandes, appartenant toutes à des bandes différentes, lorsqu'on les parcourt longitudinalement, et une seule portion de bande lorsqu'on les parcourt transversalement,
- soit de façon à ce qu'il y ait un couteau au milieu de chaque portion de chaque bande discontinue, et l'on obtient alors des éléments de sécurité comportant une succession de paires de demi-portions appartenant à autant de bandes différentes qu'il y a de paires de demi-portions lorsqu'on les parcourt longitudinalement, et deux demi-portions d'une même bande lorsqu'on les parcourt transversalement,
- soit entre chaque paire de portions adjacentes de chaque bande, on obtient alors des éléments de sécurité comportant une succession de paires de portions de bandes lorsqu'on les parcourt longitudinalement, et deux portions d'une même bande lorsqu'on les parcourt transversalement.
- either so that there is a knife between each portion of each discontinuous strip, and security elements are then obtained comprising a succession of portions of strips, all belonging to different strips, when they are traversed longitudinally, and a single strip portion when traversed transversely,
- either so that there is a knife in the middle of each portion of each discontinuous strip, and security elements are then obtained comprising a succession of pairs of half-portions belonging to as many different strips as there are there are pairs of half-portions when traversed longitudinally, and two half-portions of the same strip when traversed transversely,
- or between each pair of adjacent portions of each strip, security elements are then obtained comprising a succession of pairs of strip portions when traversed longitudinally, and two portions of the same strip when traversed transversely.
Chaque portion de bande aux propriétés optiques homogènes est de contour rectangulaire.Each strip portion with homogeneous optical properties has a rectangular outline.
De préférence, l'écartement entre deux portions d'aspects distincts d'une même bande est inférieur à la longueur d'une portion, et l'on a par exemple un facteur de 1/20 à ¼ entre l'espacement entre deux portions et la longueur de ces portions.Preferably, the spacing between two portions of distinct aspects of the same strip is less than the length of a portion, and there is for example a factor of 1/20 to ¼ between the spacing between two portions and the length of these portions.
Toutes les portions optiquement actives d'une même bande peuvent présenter sensiblement la même longueur. Toutes les portions des différentes bandes du film de base peuvent présenter sensiblement la même longueur. La longueur d'une portion de bande est par exemple comprise entre 1 et 5 mm.All the optically active portions of the same strip can have substantially the same length. All the portions of the different strips of the base film can have substantially the same length. The length of a strip portion is for example between 1 and 5 mm.
L'élément de sécurité découpé dans le film de base peut présenter une largeur correspondant sensiblement à la longueur d'une portion de bande. Cette largeur peut encore être inférieure ou supérieure.The security element cut from the base film may have a width corresponding substantially to the length of a strip portion. This width can still be lower or higher.
Les portions de bandes comportent des pigments magnétiquement orientés. Les pigments magnétiquement orientés au sein d'une même portion de bande présentent alors de préférence sensiblement tous la même orientation. Des portions de bandes présentant sensiblement toutes une même première orientation sont disposées alternativement avec d'autres portions de bandes, présentant sensiblement toutes une même deuxième orientation, par exemple grâce à un décalage longitudinal entre les bandes, de façon à former un damier sur le film de base. L'élément sécurité peut alors être découpé de façon à présenter une largeur qui englobe une ou plusieurs colonnes de cases d'un tel damier, voire ne comporte qu'une seule colonne de cases.The strip portions include magnetically oriented pigments. The magnetically oriented pigments within the same band portion then preferably substantially all have the same orientation. Portions of strips substantially all having the same first orientation are arranged alternately with other portions of strips, substantially all having the same second orientation, for example by virtue of a longitudinal offset between the strips, so as to form a checkerboard pattern on the film basic. The security element can then be cut so as to have a width which encompasses one or more columns of boxes of such a checkerboard, or even only comprises a single column of boxes.
Les différentes cases du damier peuvent être non jointives, de façon à permettre une découpe du film de base entre les cases.The different squares of the checkerboard can be non-contiguous, so as to allow the base film to be cut between the squares.
L'élément de sécurité présente une largeur supérieure à la longueur d'une portion de bande présentant un aspect homogène, de façon à présenter des propriétés optiques différentes lorsque l'on parcourt l'élément de sécurité dans le sens de sa largeur. L'élément de sécurité présente une largeur suffisante pour comporter deux portions de bande d'aspects différents, voire plus.The security element has a width greater than the length of a strip portion having a homogeneous appearance, so as to present different optical properties when the security element is traversed in the direction of its width. The security element has a sufficient width to comprise two band portions of different appearances, or even more.
Du fait de l' agencement en damier, avec des cases chacune d'aspect homogène, l'élément de sécurité est suffisamment large pour accueillir au moins deux colonnes, voire trois ou plus, du damier. Chaque colonne regroupe des cases ayant des aspects différents qui alternent le long de l'élément de sécurité. Les aspects rencontrés sur une colonne de cases peuvent être les mêmes que ceux rencontrés sur une autre colonne présente sur le même élément de sécurité. En variante, les effets rencontrés sur une colonne ne se retrouvent pas tous sur les autres colonnes. En particulier, certains effets rencontrés sur des cases situées dans le sens de la largeur de l'élément, entre d'autres cases, peuvent être intermédiaires, de façon à obtenir par exemple plus de progressivité dans la variation des effets observés lorsque la direction d'observation change.Due to the checkerboard layout, with boxes each having a homogeneous appearance, the security element is wide enough to accommodate at least two columns, or even three or more, of the checkerboard. Each column groups boxes with different aspects which alternate along the security element. The aspects encountered on a column of boxes may be the same as those encountered on another column present on the same security element. As a variant, the effects encountered on one column are not all found on the other columns. In particular, certain effects encountered on boxes located in the direction of the width of the element, between other boxes, can be intermediate, so as to obtain, for example, more progressiveness in the variation of the effects observed when the direction of observation changes.
L'invention a encore pour objet un film de base selon la revendication 13.A further subject of the invention is a base film according to
Les portions d'une bande peuvent être non jointives.The portions of a band can be non-contiguous.
Les bandes peuvent être espacées les unes des autres dans le sens machine.The strips may be spaced apart in the machine direction.
L'élément sécurité selon l'invention est de forme allongée. Cet élément de sécurité présente une succession, selon sa longueur, de zones optiquement actives d'aspects différents, notamment dont les propriétés alternent. Ces zones optiquement actives sont issues de la découpe de bandes respectives.The security element according to the invention is elongated. This security element has a succession, along its length, of optically active zones of different appearances, in particular whose properties alternate. These optically active zones come from the cutting of respective bands.
Les zones optiquement actives comportent des pigments magnétiques orientés : Deux zones optiquement actives peuvent avoir des pigments magnétiques orientés différemment avec une apparition ou disparition d'une réflexion lors d'une rotation de l'élément par rapport à l'observateur autour d'un axe de rotation transversal, notamment perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal de l'élément de sécurité.The optically active zones comprise oriented magnetic pigments: Two optically active zones can have differently oriented magnetic pigments with an appearance or disappearance of a reflection during a rotation of the element relative to the observer around an axis transverse rotation, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the security element.
De préférence, sur un segment de 12 à 15 mm le long du fil, on observe au moins deux zones d'aspects différents, et de préférence de 3 à 5 zones d'aspects différents, correspondant aux différentes bandes précitées du film de base. Cela permet, lorsque le fil est inséré en fenêtres de 12 à 15 mm de long, une visibilité sur le fil d'au moins deux zones optiquement actives, qui changent d'aspect lorsque la direction d'observation change, comme mentionné plus haut.Preferably, over a segment of 12 to 15 mm along the wire, at least two zones of different appearance are observed, and preferably 3 to 5 zones of different appearance, corresponding to the aforementioned different bands of the base film. This allows, when the wire is inserted in
Lorsque les bandes du film de base sont moins larges que l'élément de sécurité qui est découpé dans le film de base, chaque zone qui correspond à la portion de bande ainsi découpée présente une forme rectangulaire de grand côté perpendiculaire au fil. On obtient ainsi avec un tel fil, de nouveaux effets comparativement à certains fils parcourus selon leur largeur par des bandes d'aspect homogène.When the strips of the base film are less wide than the security element which is cut in the base film, each zone which corresponds to the portion of strip thus cut has a rectangular shape with a large side perpendicular to the wire. Thus, with such a thread, new effects are obtained compared to certain threads traversed along their width by bands of homogeneous appearance.
Chaque portion des paires de portions adjacentes a une forme rectangulaire de grand côté parallèle au sens longitudinal de l'élément ou en variante perpendiculaire audit sens. L'invention a également pour objet un document sécurisé selon la revendication 15. Cet élément de sécurité est un fil de sécurité de préférence inséré en fenêtre(s) dans un substrat du document, qui est de préférence un substrat papetier mais qui peut aussi être un substrat synthétique ou encore un substrat hybride comportant un papier et un film plastique.Each portion of the pairs of adjacent portions has a rectangular shape with a large side parallel to the longitudinal direction of the element or, as a variant, perpendicular to said direction. The invention also relates to a secure document according to
Le substrat qui reçoit l'élément de sécurité, peut comporter un ou plusieurs jets de papier.The substrate which receives the security element can comprise one or more paper plies.
Ce substrat peut avantageusement comporter des sécurités supplémentaires, qui peuvent être de premier, deuxième ou troisième niveau.This substrate can advantageously include additional securities, which can be first, second or third level.
Par « document sécurisé » on désigne un document de valeur, par exemple un moyen de paiement, tel qu'un billet de banque, un chèque ou un ticket restaurant, un ticket de loterie, un titre de transport ou un ticket donnant accès à un événement culturel ou sportif et/ou un document pour l'identification des personnes, tel qu'une carte d'identité, un visa, un passeport ou un permis de conduire.By "secure document" is meant a document of value, for example a means of payment, such as a banknote, a check or a meal ticket, a lottery ticket, a transport ticket or a ticket giving access to a cultural or sporting event and/or a document for the identification of persons, such as an identity card, visa, passport or driving licence.
Au sein du document sécurisé, l'élément de sécurité s'étend de préférence d'un bord à l'autre du document.Within the secure document, the security element preferably extends from one edge of the document to the other.
L'élément de sécurité est de préférence visible en lumière réfléchie au sein d'une fenêtre au moins du document, comme indiqué ci-dessus, laquelle peut présenter une forme rectangulaire, notamment avec un grand côté perpendiculaire aux grands côtés du document.The security element is preferably visible in reflected light within at least one window of the document, as indicated above, which may have a rectangular shape, in particular with a long side perpendicular to the long sides of the document.
La longueur de la fenêtre, mesurée dans le sens de la longueur de l'élément de sécurité, est de préférence comprise entre 12 et 15 mm.The length of the window, measured in the direction of the length of the security element, is preferably between 12 and 15 mm.
Au sein de la fenêtre, au moins deux, et de préférence trois à cinq zones d'aspects différents sont visibles, correspondant aux bandes précitées du film de base.Within the window, at least two, and preferably three to five zones of different appearances are visible, corresponding to the aforementioned bands of the base film.
Classiquement, un fil de sécurité s'étend entre les deux bords de plus grande longueur d'un billet de banque.Conventionally, a security thread extends between the two longest edges of a banknote.
Ainsi, le document peut présenter une forme rectangulaire avec des grands côtés et l'élément de sécurité est un fil qui s'étend entre ces grands côtés.Thus, the document may have a rectangular shape with long sides and the security element is a wire which extends between these long sides.
Le document sécurisé selon l'invention comporte ainsi un fil de sécurité, obtenu par la mise en œuvre d'un procédé selon l'invention, présentant des zones d'aspects différents qui se succèdent dans la direction longitudinale du fil de sécurité et qui sont chacune de forme allongée dans une direction transversale à la direction longitudinale du fil, notamment sensiblement parallèle aux grands côtés du document, ces zones d'aspects ou d'effets optiques différents changeant d'aspect lorsque la direction d'observation change, avec notamment une inversion des aspects entre deux zones lorsque la direction d'observation change. Chacune de ces zones d'aspects différents peut correspondre à une portion de bande du film de base précité.The secure document according to the invention thus comprises a security thread, obtained by the implementation of a method according to the invention, having zones of different aspects which follow one another in the longitudinal direction of the security thread and which are each elongated in a direction transverse to the direction longitudinal length of the thread, in particular substantially parallel to the long sides of the document, these zones of different aspects or optical effects changing in aspect when the direction of observation changes, with in particular an inversion of the aspects between two zones when the direction of observation changes. Each of these zones of different appearances may correspond to a strip portion of the aforementioned base film.
L'invention pourra être mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, d'exemples de mise en œuvre non limitatifs de celle-ci, et à l'examen du dessin annexé, sur lequel :
- la
figure 1 illustre la réalisation d'éléments de sécurité par la mise en œuvre d'un exemple de procédé selon l'invention, - la
figure 2 est une vue en coupe de lafigure 1 selon II-II, - la
figure 3 représente, de face, un exemple de document sécurisé selon l'invention, - les
figures 4 et 5 illustrent le changement d'aspect d'un fil, non part de l'invention, lors d'une modification de la direction d'observation, - la
figure 6 illustre la réalisation du film de base, dont les zones d'aspects différents sont organisées en damier, - la
figure 7 est une section transversale d'un exemple de fil de sécurité - la
figure 8 illustre différentes possibilités de découpe de fils dans le film de base, - les
figures 9A à 9C représentent schématiquement les fils obtenus selon les découpes de lafigure 8 , le fil de lafigure 9B ne faisant pas partie de la présente invention, et - les
figures 10 et 11 représentent deux dispositions alternatives du film de base et des couteaux, permettant d'obtenir des zones optiquement actives obliques.
- the
figure 1 illustrates the production of security elements by implementing an example of a method according to the invention, - the
picture 2figure 1 according to II-II, - the
picture 3 - them
figures 4 and 5 illustrate the change in appearance of a thread, not part of the invention, during a modification of the direction of observation, - the
figure 6 illustrates the production of the base film, whose areas of different aspects are organized in a checkerboard pattern, - the
figure 7 is a cross section of an example security thread - the
figure 8 illustrates different possibilities for cutting threads in the base film, - them
figures 9A to 9C schematically represent the yarns obtained according to the cutouts of thefigure 8 , the wire of theFigure 9B not forming part of the present invention, and - them
figures 10 and 11 represent two alternative arrangements of the base film and of the knives, making it possible to obtain oblique optically active zones.
Sur les figures, les proportions réelles n'ont pas toujours été respectées, dans un souci de clarté du dessin.In the figures, the actual proportions have not always been respected, for the sake of clarity of the drawing.
Le procédé selon l'invention met en œuvre la découpe d'éléments de sécurité 3 au sein d'un film de base 40 dans une direction dite de sens machine SM, comme illustré en pointillés sur la
Le film de base 40 comporte un substrat 50, de préférence en une matière thermoplastique, telle que du polyester ou du PET. L'épaisseur t du substrat 50 est par exemple comprise entre 6 et 50 µm.The
Le substrat 50 porte des bandes optiquement actives d'aspects différents, qui s'étendent dans une direction perpendiculaire au sens machine, dite sens travers ST.The
Dans l'exemple considéré, le substrat 50 porte sur la même face un premier ensemble de bandes parallèles espacées 31 et un deuxième ensemble de bandes parallèles espacées 32, qui alternent avec les bandes 31, avec un espacement constant e entre les premières bandes et les deuxièmes bandes, par exemple de l'ordre de 0,5 mm pour une largeur de bandes de l'ordre de 4 mm.In the example considered, the
Le film de base est découpé transversalement aux bandes 31 et 32, de préférence perpendiculairement à celles-ci, pour constituer une pluralité de fils de sécurité 3 comportant chacun dans le sens longitudinal une alternance de zones optiquement actives respectivement issues des premières bandes et deuxièmes bandes.The base film is cut transversely to the
Dans l'exemple considéré, les bandes 31 et 32 sont continues dans le sens travers ST et chacune d'aspect homogène sur toute la largeur du film de base 40.In the example considered, the
Chaque bande 31 ou 32 peut être réalisée avec différents moyens de sécurisation, tels que des pigments déposés par impression par exemple, et en particulier des pigments magnétiques de forme plaquettaire orientées sous l'effet d'un champ magnétique.Each
Au sein d'une même bande, l'orientation des pigments peut ainsi être la même, et lorsqu'on passe d'une bande à la suivante, l'orientation des pigments change.Within the same band, the orientation of the pigments can thus be the same, and when passing from one band to the next, the orientation of the pigments changes.
Le film de base 40 est par exemple déroulé une première fois pour passer à un poste d'impression où sont formées les bandes 31 à l'aide de pigments orientés 16, représentés schématiquement à la
Le film est ensuite découpé pour former les fils de sécurité 3 qui sont par exemple enroulés sur de multiples bobines.The film is then cut to form the
Des impressions 11 peuvent être portées par une face 12 du substrat 50 opposée à celle recevant les bandes 31 et 32, de manière à former lorsque l'élément 3 est observé de face un ensemble de zones optiquement actives 13 et 14 espacées, parallèles aux bandes 31 et 32, les impressions 11 s'étendant sous celles-ci.
Les impressions 11 peuvent être réalisées au moyen d'encres luminescentes, notamment des encres fluorescentes visibles lorsqu'exposées à un rayonnement ultraviolet.The
Les impressions 11 s'étendent par exemple sous la forme de bandes de même largeur que les bandes 31 et 32 ou, en variante, sont moins larges ou plus larges.The
Dans l'exemple illustré, les zones optiquement actives 13 et 14 ménagent des espaces 15 entre elles.In the example illustrated, the optically
Les impressions 11 peuvent être des impressions d'encres différentes, en fonction des bandes 31 et 32 avec lesquelles elles se superposent, de façon à faire apparaître sous UV des couleurs différentes.The
Les pigments 16 et 17 étant orientés différemment, comme illustré, pour une direction d'observation parallèle à la direction d'orientation des plaquettes du pigment, l'impression 11 sous-jacente est visible et pour une direction d'observation différente le pigment est réfléchissant et l'impression 11 sous-jacente n'est pas visible.The
On obtient ainsi sur le film de base des bandes optiquement actives 31 et 32 séparées par des espaces 15 et l'on observe par exemple sur le fil découpé 3 le changement d'aspect illustré aux
Sur la
Les impressions 11 peuvent être directement réalisées sur le substrat 50, comme c'est le cas sur la
Ainsi, le fil de sécurité obtenu à l'aide du procédé selon l'invention peut comporter un support multicouche, le cas échéant.Thus, the security thread obtained using the method according to the invention may comprise a multilayer support, if necessary.
Les pigments 16 et 17 sont orientés en fonction de l'axe autour duquel doit tourner la direction d'observation pour observer le changement d'aspect recherché. Par exemple, les pigments sont orientés, l'axe longitudinal du fil étant vertical, respectivement vers la gauche et vers la droite, pour obtenir un changement d'aspect quand l'on tourne le document parallèlement à cet axe. On a alors une alternance d'apparitions des zones lors de cette rotation.The
Dans une variante non représentée, les pigments sont orientés vers le bas et vers le haut, pour obtenir un changement d'aspect quand on tourne le document autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal, ledit axe perpendiculaire est de préférence contenu dans le plan du document. On a alors une alternance d'apparitions des zones lors de cette rotation.In a variant not shown, the pigments are oriented downwards and upwards, to obtain a change in appearance when the document is rotated around an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, said perpendicular axis is preferably contained in the document outline. There is then an alternation of appearances of the zones during this rotation.
La publication
D'une façon générale, ces bandes optiquement actives peuvent comporter tous moyens permettant d'obtenir un effet de couleur, de brillance et/ou de perception d'un motif, à l'œil nu ou sous UV ou IR. De préférence, il s'agit d'un effet qui varie avec l'angle d'observation, comme par exemple celui obtenu avec des pigments magnétiques orientés.In general, these optically active bands can comprise any means making it possible to obtain a color effect, gloss and/or perception of a pattern, with the naked eye or under UV or IR. Preferably, it is an effect which varies with the viewing angle, such as that obtained with oriented magnetic pigments.
On a représenté à la
Le film de sécurité 3 s'étend entre deux bords opposés 4 et 5 du document 1, qui sont ceux de plus grande longueur.The
Le fil de sécurité 3 peut être incorporé au moins partiellement en masse dans le substrat 2 du document sécurisé 1, lors de la fabrication de celui-ci, de façon conventionnelle. On peut utiliser toute technique classique d'introduction d'un fil de sécurité en fenêtres.The
Une partie seulement du fil 3 peut être visible en lumière réfléchie, par exemple à travers une ou plusieurs fenêtres 6 formées dans le substrat 2.Only part of
Un exemple d'incorporation d'un fil de sécurité en fenêtres est décrit dans la demande
Chaque fenêtre 6 peut exposer plusieurs zones optiquement variables 13, 14 du fil 3.Each
De préférence, le substrat 2 est fibreux, comportant par exemple un mélange de fibres naturelles et/ou synthétiques, par exemple des fibres de cellulose, de lin et/ou de coton.Preferably, the
Le substrat 2 peut aussi, en variante, être réalisé au moins partiellement à partir d'un film d'une matière plastique, par exemple un film en polyoléfine bi-étiré tel que celui commercialisé sous la dénomination Polyart par la société ARJOBEX Ltd. Dans ce cas, l'élément de sécurité est par exemple appliqué à la surface d'un tel substrat, et maintenu sur celle-ci par thermosoudage et/ou à l'aide d'un adhésif, notamment un thermo adhésif.The
En variante, le film de base est constitué de bandes 31, 32 séparables du substrat 50 et appliquées sur le substrat 2 par transfert à chaud.Alternatively, the base film consists of
Le fil 3 ou le document 1 peut comporter d'autres sécurités de premier, de deuxième et/ou de troisième niveau, telles que celles mentionnées plus haut.The
Le document 1 peut en particulier comporter les éléments de sécurité additionnels suivants, utilisés seuls ou en combinaison :
- des colorants, des pigments luminescents, des pigments interférentiels et/ou des pigments à cristaux liquides, notamment sous forme imprimée ou mélangée à au moins une couche constitutive du document,
- des composés, colorants et/ou pigments photochromes ou thermochromes, notamment sous forme imprimée ou mélangée à au moins une couche constitutive du document,
- un absorbeur ultraviolet (UV), notamment sous forme enduite ou mélangée à au moins une couche constitutive du document,
- un matériau spécifique collecteur de lumière, par exemple du type guide d'ondes, notamment un matériau collecteur de lumière luminescent comme les films polymères à base de polycarbonate commercialisés par la société BAYER sous la dénomination LISA®,
- un film multicouche interférentiel,
- une structure à effets optiques variables à base de pigments interférentiels ou de cristaux liquides,
- une couche biréfringente ou polarisante,
- une structure de diffraction,
- une image embossée,
- des moyens produisant un "effet de moiré", un tel effet pouvant par exemple faire apparaître un motif produit par la superposition de deux éléments de sécurité sur le document, par exemple par le rapprochement de lignes de deux éléments de sécurité,
- un élément réfractif partiellement réfléchissant,
- un filtre coloré.
- un foil métallisé, goniochromatique ou holographique,
- une couche à effet optique variable, à base de pigments interférentiels ou de cristaux liquides,
- un élément de sécurité plat et de format relativement petit tel qu'une planchette, visible ou non visible, notamment luminescent, avec ou sans dispositif électronique,
- des particules ou agglomérats de particules de pigments ou colorants de type HI-LITE, visibles ou non visibles, notamment luminescents,
- des fibres de sécurité, notamment métalliques, magnétiques (à magnétisme doux et/ou dur), ou absorbantes, ou excitables aux ultraviolets, dans le visible ou l'infrarouge, et en particulier le proche infrarouge (NIR),
- une sécurité lisible automatiquement ayant des caractéristiques spécifiques et mesurables de luminescence (par exemple fluorescence, phosphorescence), d'absorption de la lumière (par exemple ultraviolet, visible ou infrarouge), d'activité Raman, de magnétisme, d'interaction micro-ondes, d'interaction aux rayons X ou de conductivité électrique.
- dyes, luminescent pigments, interference pigments and/or liquid crystal pigments, in particular in printed form or mixed with at least one constituent layer of the document,
- photochromic or thermochromic compounds, dyes and/or pigments, in particular in printed form or mixed with at least one constituent layer of the document,
- an ultraviolet (UV) absorber, in particular in the form coated or mixed with at least one constituent layer of the document,
- a specific light-collecting material, for example of the waveguide type, in particular a luminescent light-collecting material such as the polymer films based on polycarbonate marketed by the company BAYER under the name LISA ® ,
- an interference multilayer film,
- a structure with variable optical effects based on interference pigments or liquid crystals,
- a birefringent or polarizing layer,
- a diffraction structure,
- an embossed image,
- means producing a "moiré effect", such an effect being able for example to cause a pattern to appear produced by the superposition of two security elements on the document, for example by the bringing together of lines of two security elements,
- a partially reflective refractive element,
- a color filter.
- a metallic, goniochromatic or holographic foil,
- a variable optical effect layer, based on interference pigments or liquid crystals,
- a flat security element of relatively small format such as a board, visible or not visible, in particular luminescent, with or without an electronic device,
- particles or agglomerates of particles of pigments or dyes of the HI-LITE type, visible or not visible, in particular luminescent,
- security fibers, in particular metallic, magnetic (with soft and/or hard magnetism), or absorbing, or excitable to ultraviolet rays, in the visible or infrared, and in particular the near infrared (NIR),
- a machine-readable security having specific and measurable characteristics of luminescence (eg fluorescence, phosphorescence), light absorption (eg ultraviolet, visible or infrared), Raman activity, magnetism, microwave interaction , X-ray interaction or electrical conductivity.
L'une au moins des couches constitutives du document 1 peut comporter un élément de sécurité de premier niveau tel qu'un filigrane ou un pseudo-filigrane. Le fil de sécurité peut se superposer au moins partiellement à un tel filigrane.At least one of the constituent layers of the document 1 can comprise a first level security element such as a watermark or a pseudo-watermark. The security thread can be superimposed at least partially on such a watermark.
Dans l'exemple de la
A la
Les particules de pigment magnétique au sein de chaque portion de bande 71 à 74 présentent toutes sensiblement la même orientation.The magnetic pigment particles within each
Les portions de bande 71,74 présentent sensiblement toutes une même première orientation et les portions de bandes 72,73 présentent sensiblement toutes une même seconde orientation, de sorte que pour une direction d'observation donnée, un aspect de damier est observé, dont les cases changent d'aspect et passent par exemple de clair à sombre ou inversement, lorsqu'on change de direction d'observation.The
De préférence, comme illustré, l'écartement d entre deux portions successives d'une même bande 31 ou 32 est supérieur à la longueur g, mesurée dans le sens travers ST, de celles-ci. On a par exemple 1/20 ≤ d/g ≤ ¼.Preferably, as illustrated, the spacing d between two successive portions of the
Chaque case du damier est par exemple de forme rectangulaire, avec un grand côté parallèle au sens machine SM.Each square of the checkerboard is for example rectangular in shape, with a large side parallel to the machine direction SM.
Les fils 3 sont par exemple découpés selon les pointillés de la
Les fils de sécurité 3 découpés selon le sens machine SM dans le film de base de la
Dans le cas d'un fil de sécurité 3 accueillant trois portions d'une même bande 31 ou 32 dans le sens de la largeur, chaque portion comportant des pigments magnétiques orientés, l'orientation de chaque portion appartenant à la colonne centrale peut être intermédiaire entre celles des portions des autres colonnes situées sur la même ligne et disposées de part et d'autre de celle-ci, comme illustré sur la
Dans le cas d'impressions sous-jacentes aux pigments, une telle gradation des orientations peut aussi permettre de générer un effet de mouvement, en permettant de voir successivement les impressions sous-jacentes en différents emplacements du fil lorsque la direction d'observation change.In the case of impressions underlying the pigments, such a gradation of the orientations can also make it possible to generate an effect of movement, by making it possible to successively see the underlying impressions at different locations of the wire when the direction of observation changes.
L'utilisation de bandes discontinues avec des portions d'aspects différents agencées « en damier » permet d'obtenir une diversité de fils de sécurités à partir d'un même film de base, en faisant varier la position lors de la découpe, des couteaux utilisés.The use of discontinuous strips with portions of different appearances arranged "in a checkerboard pattern" makes it possible to obtain a variety of security threads from the same base film, by varying the position during cutting, of the knives used.
La
La première configuration de découpe est obtenue en positionnant les couteaux de façon, selon les lignes C1, à ce qu'ils coupent chaque bande au milieu d'une portion pleine 71 et 72, ou 73 et 74. On obtient alors un fil de sécurité tel qu'illustré sur la
Les lignes C2 passent ainsi entre les portions 71 et 73 pour une bande 31 et entre les portions 72 et 74 pour une bande 32.Lines C2 thus pass between
La deuxième configuration de découpe est obtenue en positionnant les couteaux selon les lignes C2 de façon à ce qu'ils coupent chaque bande entre deux portions de bande. Les lignes C2 passent ainsi entre les portions 71 et 73 pour une bande 31 et entre les portions 72 et 74 pour une bande 32. On obtient un fil de sécurité tel qu'illustré à la
Enfin, la troisième configuration de découpe est obtenue en positionnant les couteaux selon les lignes C3 de façon à ce qu'ils coupent chaque bande entre deux portions de bande, les lignes C2 étant espacées de façon à ce qu'il y ait un couteau de disposé entre une portion sur deux de chaque bande. Les lignes C3 sont ainsi confondues avec une ligne sur deux des lignes C2. On obtient un fil de sécurité tel qu'illustré à la
Il peut être souhaitable de chercher à obtenir des fils de sécurité 3 comportant des zones optiquement actives obliques, présentant chacune par exemple un axe médian orienté obliquement par rapport à la direction longitudinale du fil. Afin d'y parvenir, on peut partir d'un film de base tel que décrit précédemment et orienter les couteaux de façon oblique. Le sens machine SM n'est alors plus parallèle aux bords du film de base, comme dans le cas illustré à la
En variante, on peut parvenir au même résultat en disposant les bandes 31,32 de façon oblique relativement à un bord du film de base, en utilisant des techniques similaires à celles décrites précédemment pour appliquer les bandes sur le film de base. On obtient alors un film de base différent, mais il n'est pas nécessaire de modifier l'orientation des couteaux : le sens machine SM peut rester parallèle à l'un des bords du film de base, comme illustré à la
L'inclinaison α entre l'axe médian des bandes 31,32 et la direction des couteaux est par exemple comprise entre 30 et 90°(borne exclue), de préférence entre 60 et 90° (borne exclue).The inclination α between the central axis of the
L'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples illustrés.The invention is not limited to the examples illustrated.
Les bandes d'aspects différents peuvent être réalisées avec d'autres moyens que des pigments magnétiques orientables. Par exemple, les bandes peuvent être réalisées avec des pigments interférentiels, notamment goniochromatiques, ou avec des réseaux lenticulaires.The bands of different appearances can be produced with means other than orientable magnetic pigments. For example, strips can be made with interference pigments, in particular goniochromatic, or with lenticular networks.
Les bandes optiquement actives sont de préférence réalisées sur une même face du substrat. En variante, les bandes sont réalisées sur les deux faces opposées du substrat. Par exemple, les bandes 31 de l'exemple de la
Les bandes réalisées sur le film de base peuvent être de plus de deux sortes. Par exemple on a k types de bandes différents qui se succèdent dans le sens machine SM, avec toutes combinaisons possibles entre elles.The bands made on the base film can be of more than two kinds. For example, there are k different types of bands which follow one another in the machine direction SM, with all possible combinations between them.
La découpe peut s'effectuer, le cas échéant, avec une largeur variable, ou obliquement par rapport aux bandes, lorsque celles-ci sont imprimées obliquement par rapport au sens travers.The cutting can be carried out, if necessary, with a variable width, or obliquely with respect to the strips, when the latter are printed obliquely with respect to the cross direction.
Ainsi, il faut comprendre par découpe transversale aux bandes une découpe avec une orientation non strictement parallèle aux bandes, de préférence perpendiculaire à celles-ci, mais pouvant faire aussi un angle non droit avec la direction des bandes.Thus, it is necessary to understand by cutting transverse to the bands a cutting with an orientation that is not strictly parallel to the bands, preferably perpendicular to the latter, but which can also form a non-right angle with the direction of the bands.
Les bandes peuvent être réalisées avec une largeur variable.The strips can be made with variable width.
Le fil de sécurité peut recevoir une ou plusieurs impressions qui s'étendent continûment dans le sens machine SM ou une bande présentant un microtexte, notamment formé par métallisation/démétallisation.The security thread can receive one or more impressions which extend continuously in the machine direction SM or a band having a microtext, in particular formed by metallization/demetallization.
Claims (15)
- Method for producing a security element (3) forming a security thread, a film or patch, the shape of which is elongate in a longitudinal direction, for a secure document exhibiting, in the longitudinal direction, a succession of optically variable regions, this method comprising the steps of:a. producing on a substrate (50) a succession of generally parallel optically variable strips (31, 32), so as to form a base film (40),b. cutting the base film of the security element (3) in a direction (SM) generally transverse to the strips.
- Production method according to the preceding claim, the optically variable strips (31, 32) comprising first strips (31) alternating with second strips (32), the first and the second strips exhibiting distinct optical appearances and/or effects when observed simultaneously in reflected light in at least one direction of observation, the first and second strips preferably being produced in such a way that:a. in a first direction of observation of the base film (40), the first strips and second strips have different appearances, andb. in a second direction of observation, different from the first, the first and second strips have each changed appearance and the appearance of first strips is different from that of the second strips and, further preferably, the first (31) and second (32) strips are produced in such a way that:with, in particular, the following combinations:i.in a first direction of observation of the base film (40), the first strips exhibit a first appearance, appearing in particular coloured, reflective, opaque, transparent, semi-transparent or matte, and the second strips exhibit a second appearance, different from the first appearance, appearing in particular coloured, reflective, opaque, transparent, semi-transparent or matte,ii.in a second direction of observation of the base film, different from the first direction, the first strips exhibit the second appearance and the second exhibit the first appearance,- first appearance is matte and second appearance is reflective, or vice versa,- first and second appearances of different colours,- first appearance is transparent or semi-transparent and second appearance is opaque.
- Production method according to either one of the preceding claims, the optically variable strips (31, 32) comprising magnetically oriented pigments, the magnetically oriented pigments (16; 17) present within one and the same strip (31; 32) preferably substantially all exhibiting the same orientation.
- Production method according to any one of the preceding claims, two adjacent strips being separated by a gap, the substrate preferably bearing a security element that is at least partially visible in said gap.
- Production method according to any one of the preceding claims, each strip comprising a lenticular array, each array preferably comprising convex lenses, in particular substantially hemispherical lenses.
- Production method according to any one of the preceding claims, the optically variable regions of the security element being oblique, each region preferably exhibiting an inclination with respect to the longitudinal direction of the security element of between 30 and 90° (limit excluded), better still between 60 and 90° (limit excluded), the inclination being in particular obtained by producing the strips obliquely on the base film and cutting parallel to an edge of the base film or by producing the strips parallel to an edge of the base film and cutting in an oblique direction with respect to this edge.
- Production method according to any one of the preceding claims, the width (l) of the optically variable strips (31, 32) being between 1 and 10 mm, preferably between 2 and 5 mm.
- Production method according to any one of the preceding claims, the spacing (e) between two optically active strips (31, 32) always being substantially the same, and/or the spacing (e) between two optically active strips (31, 32) being between 0.1 and 3 mm, better still between 0.4 and 1 mm.
- Production method according to any one of the preceding claims, the width (40) of the cut-out security element (3) being between 1 and 10 mm, better still between 3 and 5 mm.
- Production method according to any one of the preceding claims, the security element (3) being a security thread.
- Production method according to any one of the preceding claims, each strip (31, 32) comprising a succession of portions (71, 73; 72, 74) exhibiting distinct optical properties, the separation (d) between two successive strip portions (71, 73; 72, 74) of one and the same strip being between 0 and 10 mm, the portions (71, 72; 73, 74) of one and the same strip (31, 32) further preferably being substantially all the same length (g), the length (g) of a strip portion preferably being between 1 and 10 mm, the strip portions preferably comprising oriented magnetic pigments, the pigments within one and the same strip portion (71, 72; 73, 74) substantially all exhibiting the same orientation, some portions whose pigments substantially all exhibit one and the same first orientation preferably being arranged in alternation with other portions whose pigments substantially all exhibit one and the same second orientation so as to form a checkerboard on the base film (40), a width (w) of the security element (3) preferably being greater than the length (g) of a strip portion.
- Method according to any one of the preceding claims, the optically variable strips being discontinuous and each formed by an alternation of portions exhibiting distinct optical properties, with an offset between two successive strips such that the said portions are arranged on the film in a checkerboard arrangement and in which the elements are cut in at least one of the following ways with, for example, two distinct films cut in two thereof, respectively:- the security elements are cut (C1) by cutting two successive portions of a strip at midlength,- the security elements are cut (C2) by cutting between successive portions of a strip,- the security elements are cut (C3) by cutting between each pair of successive portions of a strip.
- Base film used to produce a security element by cutting this base film in a machine direction, comprising:- a substrate,- a succession of optically variable strips borne by the substrate which are generally parallel, and generally oriented transverse to the machine direction, the base film being characterized in that the optically variable strips are discontinuous and each formed by an alternation of portions (71, 73; 72, 74) exhibiting distinct optical properties, with an offset between two successive strips such that the said portions are arranged on the film in a checkerboard arrangement, the portions of a strip preferably being non-contiguous, the strips (31, 32) preferably being spaced apart from one another in the machine direction.
- Security element of elongate shape, for a secure document, exhibiting, in the longitudinal direction, a succession of optically variable regions, the optically variable regions comprising oriented magnetic pigments, two optically variable regions having magnetic pigments that are oriented differently with a reflection appearing or disappearing when the element is rotated with respect to the observer about a transverse axis of rotation, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the security element, or about an axis of rotation parallel to the longitudinal axis of the security element,
the security element being characterized in that it comprises an alternation, in the longitudinal direction, of pairs of adjacent portions exhibiting distinct optical properties, with a checkerboard arrangement of said portions on the thread, each portion being rectangular in shape with a long side parallel to the longitudinal direction of the element or, alternatively, perpendicular to said direction. - Secure document (1) comprising a security thread (3), obtained by implementing the method according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, exhibiting regions with different optical effects or appearances which come one after another in the longitudinal direction of the security thread and which are each elongate in shape in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the thread, in particular substantially parallel to the long sides of the document, with a checkerboard arrangement of said portions on the thread, these regions with different optical effects or appearances changing in appearance as the direction of observation changes with, in particular, an inversion of appearance between two regions as the direction of observation changes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1454418A FR3020987B1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2014-05-16 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A SECURITY ELEMENT |
PCT/IB2015/053534 WO2015173753A1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2015-05-13 | Method for manufacturing a security element |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3142864A1 EP3142864A1 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
EP3142864B1 true EP3142864B1 (en) | 2022-07-27 |
Family
ID=51787014
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15732046.6A Revoked EP3142864B1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2015-05-13 | Method for manufacturing a security element |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3142864B1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3020987B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3142864T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015173753A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018000920A1 (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-08-08 | Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh | A method of manufacturing a security element transfer material and security element transfer material |
GB201912953D0 (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-10-23 | Security Fibres Uk Ltd | Manufacture of a security device |
CA3159077A1 (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-05-06 | Sicpa Holding Sa | Magnetic assemblies and processes for producing optical effect layers comprising oriented non-spherical magnetic or magnetizable pigment particles |
EP4232299A1 (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2023-08-30 | Mantegazza, Patrizia Giuseppina | Magnetic security element and its method of fabrication |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0659936A2 (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1995-06-28 | Giesecke & Devrient GmbH | Security paper with thread- or tape-like security element |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IN157644B (en) | 1981-02-19 | 1986-05-10 | Portals Ltd | |
IT1222851B (en) * | 1987-10-08 | 1990-09-12 | Mantegazza A Arti Grafici | MAGNETICALLY DETECTABLE IDENTIFICATION CODE TO MARK PRODUCTS, DOCUMENTS AND SIMILAR |
GB8912750D0 (en) | 1989-06-02 | 1989-07-19 | Portals Ltd | Security paper |
US7934451B2 (en) | 2002-07-15 | 2011-05-03 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Apparatus for orienting magnetic flakes |
GB2394696B (en) | 2002-11-01 | 2004-09-29 | Rue De Int Ltd | Improvements in security papers |
FR2856339B1 (en) * | 2003-06-23 | 2006-05-26 | Banque De France | SECURITY BAND FOR DOCUMENTATION AND SECURE DOCUMENT |
GB0400984D0 (en) | 2004-01-16 | 2004-02-18 | Rue De Int Ltd | Security document with threads |
EP1669213A1 (en) | 2004-12-09 | 2006-06-14 | Sicpa Holding S.A. | Security element having a viewing-angle dependent aspect |
GB2430647B (en) | 2005-09-29 | 2008-09-17 | Rue De Int Ltd | Security device for security substrates |
EP2372019A1 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-05 | D.W. Spinks (Embossing) Limited | A strip for inclusion in a pulp during manufacture of a security paper |
FR2969670B1 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2013-09-20 | Arjowiggins Security | ELEMENT FOR SAFETY DOCUMENT HAVING AN OPTICAL STRUCTURE |
FR2976954B1 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2013-07-12 | Arjowiggins Security | SECURITY WIRE |
FR2979641B1 (en) | 2011-09-07 | 2013-09-27 | Oberthur Technologies | SAFETY BAND AND DOCUMENT THAT CONTAINS |
FR2992255B1 (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2015-09-04 | Arjowiggins Security | SECURITY ELEMENT AND SECURE DOCUMENT. |
-
2014
- 2014-05-16 FR FR1454418A patent/FR3020987B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-05-13 WO PCT/IB2015/053534 patent/WO2015173753A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-05-13 PL PL15732046.6T patent/PL3142864T3/en unknown
- 2015-05-13 EP EP15732046.6A patent/EP3142864B1/en not_active Revoked
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0659936A2 (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1995-06-28 | Giesecke & Devrient GmbH | Security paper with thread- or tape-like security element |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2015173753A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
FR3020987B1 (en) | 2018-03-16 |
FR3020987A1 (en) | 2015-11-20 |
EP3142864A1 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
PL3142864T3 (en) | 2022-11-21 |
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