EP3140604B1 - Header for a heat exchanger of a motor vehicle - Google Patents
Header for a heat exchanger of a motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3140604B1 EP3140604B1 EP15720987.5A EP15720987A EP3140604B1 EP 3140604 B1 EP3140604 B1 EP 3140604B1 EP 15720987 A EP15720987 A EP 15720987A EP 3140604 B1 EP3140604 B1 EP 3140604B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- header
- tubes
- plate
- polymer
- gasket
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
- F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
- F28F9/0226—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers with resilient gaskets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
- F28F21/062—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing tubular conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2225/00—Reinforcing means
- F28F2225/08—Reinforcing means for header boxes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2230/00—Sealing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/12—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements
- F28F2275/122—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements by crimping, caulking or clinching
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of heat exchangers, in particular for motor vehicles. More precisely, the invention relates to a manifold for a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the document FR 2 783 907 shows such a manifold.
- the manifold receives the tubes via tube receiving orifices which are openings made at regular intervals in the manifold, these intervals defining a pitch of the tubes.
- the pitch of the tubes can be reduced, which allows the collector to be able to accommodate a greater number of tubes.
- an aluminum collector cannot accommodate as many tubes as it would be possible to do with a steel collector because the pitch of the tubes cannot be reduced below a certain value. This is due to the fact that the mechanical strength of an aluminum manifold must be high enough to withstand the pressure of a heat transfer fluid during normal use of the exchanger, and therefore the aluminum thickness of a such manifold should not be less than 1.2 millimeters.
- this type of collector is produced by stamping, if an aluminum thickness greater than or equal to 1.2 mm is used, it is then no longer possible to obtain a reduced pitch of the tubes. Indeed, it is not possible to produce a stamping die which makes it possible both to obtain a reduced pitch of tubes combined with a thickness greater than or equal to 1.2 mm, because in this case there would not remain enough space for matrix material between tube receiving ports.
- a collector which comprises a part for receiving the tubes made of aluminium, which also acts as a collector box and comprises a plastic reinforcement.
- This reinforced collector makes it possible to reduce the thickness of material used for the collector and the tubes.
- the manifold of the prior art does not allow the pitch of the tubes to be reduced sufficiently to accommodate a greater number of tubes with the aim of improving the thermal efficiency of the exchanger.
- the collector of the prior art does not allow the exchanger to achieve optimum thermal performance.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing in particular a manifold capable of receiving a greater number of tubes and whose mass is reduced.
- the subject of the invention is a manifold for a motor vehicle heat exchanger, according to the subject of claim 1.
- the expression “polymer plate” denotes the plate comprising a polymer material.
- the collector above is reinforced by the polymer plate, which allows the use of an aluminum metal plate whose thickness is less than 1.2 mm.
- the reduction in thickness of the metal plate of the collector makes it possible to manufacture it by stamping by reducing the pitch of the tubes to values similar to those encountered on steel collectors.
- such a collector can accommodate a greater number of heat exchange tubes. This results in an improvement in the thermal efficiency of the exchanger, while the mass of the collector is reduced.
- the polymer plate reinforces the pressure resistance and improves the seal between the tubes, such a collector is less subject to failures such as heat transfer fluid leaks, for example. In fact, such a collector improves the reliability and the life of the exchanger.
- Superimposed means that the polymer plate is located above the metal plate, without however being in direct contact with the latter. Thus, it is understood that a seal can be interposed between these two superposed plates.
- the receiving orifices are orifices for passage of the tubes through the plate which is intended to be traversed by the tubes.
- the manifold may further comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in combination.
- a wall of the polymer plate is configured so that the ends of the tubes are flush with this wall.
- the tubes do not protrude from the polymer plate and therefore their ends do not protrude inside the header box, which makes it possible to eliminate phenomena of fluid flow turbulence in the header box.
- the polymer plate has an overall flat shape and has a thickness of between 3 and 8 millimeters, preferably close to 5 millimeters. Compliance with this range of thickness for the polymer plate significantly improves the mechanical strength of the commutator and also makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the metal plate.
- the polymer plate comprises means for stiffening the collector box, these means preferably comprising orifices for receiving pins formed in the collector box.
- these stiffening means improve the stability and the cohesion of the manifold with respect to the manifold, which limits the risks of leakage from the exchanger.
- a seal is arranged between the metal plate and the polymer plate.
- this gasket performs a dual sealing function, namely the sealing between the tubes and the manifold and the sealing between the manifold and the header box.
- the seal serves as a connecting element between the two plates, which facilitates the handling operations of the collector during the assembly of the exchanger.
- the joint comprises a flat portion, sandwiched between the metal plate and the polymer plate, and provided preferably with chimneys configured to be fitted around the tubes. Such chimneys improve the seal between the tubes and the tube receiving orifices.
- the gasket comprises a peripheral bead intended to provide a seal between, on the one hand, the header box and, on the other hand, at least one of the two plates.
- this bead avoids the risk of leaks from the exchanger.
- the tube receiving orifices formed on the polymer plate include a joint retaining shoulder, configured so that the joint is pressed against this shoulder when a tube is received in the receiving orifice.
- the seal is easier to position on the manifold and its positioning is durably improved.
- the invention also relates to a plate comprising a polymer material for a collector as described above.
- the invention also relates to a seal for a manifold as described above.
- Another subject of the invention is a manifold and a manifold as described above.
- the exchanger is a radiator fitted with a row of heat exchange tubes 12 intended to conduct a heat transfer fluid into the exchanger. It could alternatively be another type of exchanger, such as for example a supercharging exchanger.
- the collector is configured to receive the tubes 12 of the exchanger by their ends 14 and to be assembled with a collector box 16.
- the collector 10 consists of a metal plate 18, a seal 20 and a polymer material plate 22, hereinafter referred to as polymer plate.
- the metal plate 18 is intended to be crossed by the tubes 12 and to be crimped onto the collector box 16.
- the metal plate 18 is a stamped sheet comprising a rectangular central face 24 provided with regularly spaced and shaped oval openings for the passage of the tubes 12.
- the metal plate 18 is provided with side panels forming longitudinal 26 and transverse folded edges (not shown) for the crimping of the collector 10 on the header box 16. These edges 26 comprise crimping teeth 28 of rectangular shape which are intended to facilitate the crimping operation of the metal plate 18.
- the seal 20 is arranged between the metal plate 18 and the polymer plate 22.
- it comprises a flat portion 30, sandwiched between the metal plate and the polymer plate.
- This flat portion 30 of rectangular shape is provided with chimneys 32 configured to be fitted around the tubes 12.
- These chimneys 32 have an oval shape and protrude on each side of the flat portion 30 of the joint, that is to say that they comprise upper parts 34 forming a projection facing the header box 16 and lower parts 36 forming a projection below the flat portion of the gasket.
- the chimneys 32 include lips 38 arranged on the side walls of the upper parts 34. These lips 38 are designed to bear against a shoulder 40 provided in the orifices 42 for receiving the tubes of the polymer plate.
- the seal comprises a peripheral bead 44 intended to seal between the collector box 16 on the one hand and on the other hand at least one of the two plates 18, 22.
- the seal is made of an elastomeric material conventionally used in heat exchangers and well known to those skilled in the art.
- the polymer plate 22 is superimposed on the metal plate 18 for receiving the tubes.
- the receiving orifices 42 of the tubes have an oblong contour while the shoulders 40 for retaining the gasket 20 have a substantially oval shape.
- Each shoulder 40 is configured so that the lip 38 of the seal is pressed against this shoulder 40 when a tube 12 is received in a receiving orifice 42.
- the tubes are slightly flared at their ends 14, which improves the pressing of the shaft 32 of the seal against the shoulder 40.
- the polymer plate 22 comprises means 46, 48 for stiffening the header box 16, these means comprising, along each edge of the plate 22, rows of holes for receiving stiffening pins 48 made in the header box 16. Each hole opens laterally into the side face 23 of the polymer plate 22, forming a slot. The edges 49 of the slot are separated by a distance less than the diameter of each orifice. It is therefore understood that these orifices are shaped so as not to allow the stiffening pins 48 to come out laterally from the polymer plate 22 and to keep them perpendicular to the plate 22.
- stiffening means are therefore configured to better resist the tensile and rotational forces which are induced by a separation of the side walls 39 of the collector box under the effect of the pressure of the fluid inside the exchanger.
- the thickness of the polymer plate 22 is between 3 and 8 millimeters and preferably close to 5 millimeters.
- the collector box 16 forms a cover on top of the collector. It is made from a thermosetting material.
- a part 52 of the collector box 16 which is located opposite an upper wall 54 of the polymer plate 22 has a semi-cylinder profile to resist the pressure of the fluid.
- This half-cylindrical part 52 of the collector box is extended on its sides by the side walls 39 each comprising a step 56, also called “sidewalk” by those skilled in the art.
- the step 56 delimits an internal shoulder 58 which is intended to bear against the plate of polymer material 22.
- the internal shoulder 58 carries the stiffening pins 48 oriented towards the polymer plate.
- Each pin is connected to the step 56 by a strip of material 57 forming an internal rib for stiffening the header box 16. This strip of material 57 is designed to be able to pass through one of the slots 49.
- step 56 forms an external shoulder 60 intended to receive the crimping teeth 28 when the latter are bent after the crimping step.
- the collector is reinforced by the polymer plate 22 but also due to the presence of means 46, 48 for stiffening the collector box, it is possible to optimize (reduce or eliminate) the number of reinforcing ribs .
- the top of the flat portion 30 of the joint accommodates the polymer plate 22, with the chimneys 32 which surround the heat exchange tubes 12 and the peripheral bead 44 which surrounds the polymer plate 22. More precisely, the chimneys 32 protrude above above the seal 20 surrounding the ends 14 of the tubes 12 and are flush with the upper wall 54 of the polymer plate 22. This upper wall 54 is configured so that the ends 14 of the tubes arrive, like the chimneys 32, flush with this wall.
- the tubes of the exchanger have straight ends, that is to say which do not include retaining flares, that is to say a widening of the tubes whose function is to prevent the sliding of said tubes towards the outside of the collector box 16.
- the polymer plate comprises orifices whose outline corresponds over its entire height to the oval profile of the tubes, that is to say that the orifices of the plate do not include a shoulder. Consequently, the upper parts of the chimneys of the seal have a profile identical to that of the tubes and are devoid of a lip.
- Manifold 10 is not limited to the embodiments shown and other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. It is in particular possible to vary the general shape of the polymer plate 22. As the latter is molded, it is relatively easy to provide that it comprises shapes in volume or to provide that it comprises reliefs intended for example to simplify the positioning of the tubes 12 in the reception orifices 42. Furthermore, to further simplify manufacture, it is also possible to envisage not providing stiffening means 46, 48, but in this case the collector box will need to be more ribbed .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
Description
L'invention se rapporte au domaine des échangeurs thermiques, en particulier pour véhicules automobiles. Plus précisément, l'invention concerne un collecteur pour un échangeur thermique suivant le préambule de la revendication 1. Le document
Généralement, le collecteur reçoit les tubes par l'intermédiaire d'orifices de réception des tubes qui sont des ouvertures réalisées à intervalles réguliers dans le collecteur, ces intervalles définissant un pas des tubes.Generally, the manifold receives the tubes via tube receiving orifices which are openings made at regular intervals in the manifold, these intervals defining a pitch of the tubes.
Afin d'améliorer la performance d'échange thermique de l'échangeur, on peut réduire le pas des tubes, ce qui permet au collecteur de pouvoir accueillir un plus grand nombre de tubes.In order to improve the heat exchange performance of the exchanger, the pitch of the tubes can be reduced, which allows the collector to be able to accommodate a greater number of tubes.
On sait qu'un collecteur en aluminium ne peut pas accueillir autant de tubes qu'il serait possible de le faire avec un collecteur en acier car on ne peut pas réduire le pas des tubes en dessous d'une certaine valeur. Ceci tient au fait que la résistance mécanique d'un collecteur en aluminium doit être suffisamment importante pour résister à la pression d'un fluide caloporteur lors de l'utilisation normale de l'échangeur, et donc l'épaisseur d'aluminium d'un tel collecteur ne doit pas être inférieure à 1,2 millimètres. Or, comme ce type de collecteur est réalisé par emboutissage, s'il on utilise une épaisseur d'aluminium supérieure ou égale à 1,2 mm, il n'est alors plus possible d'obtenir un pas réduit des tubes. En effet, on ne peut pas réaliser une matrice d'emboutissage qui permette à la fois d'obtenir un pas de tubes réduit combiné avec une épaisseur supérieure ou égale à 1,2 mm, car dans ce cas il ne resterait plus assez d'espace pour la matière de la matrice entre les orifices de réception des tubes.It is known that an aluminum collector cannot accommodate as many tubes as it would be possible to do with a steel collector because the pitch of the tubes cannot be reduced below a certain value. This is due to the fact that the mechanical strength of an aluminum manifold must be high enough to withstand the pressure of a heat transfer fluid during normal use of the exchanger, and therefore the aluminum thickness of a such manifold should not be less than 1.2 millimeters. However, as this type of collector is produced by stamping, if an aluminum thickness greater than or equal to 1.2 mm is used, it is then no longer possible to obtain a reduced pitch of the tubes. Indeed, it is not possible to produce a stamping die which makes it possible both to obtain a reduced pitch of tubes combined with a thickness greater than or equal to 1.2 mm, because in this case there would not remain enough space for matrix material between tube receiving ports.
On connaît par exemple du document
Toutefois, le collecteur de l'art antérieur ne permet pas de réduire le pas des tubes suffisamment pour permettre d'accueillir un plus grand nombre de tubes dans le but d'améliorer le rendement thermique de l'échangeur. Ainsi, le collecteur de l'art antérieur ne permet pas à l'échangeur d'atteindre des performances thermiques optimales.However, the manifold of the prior art does not allow the pitch of the tubes to be reduced sufficiently to accommodate a greater number of tubes with the aim of improving the thermal efficiency of the exchanger. Thus, the collector of the prior art does not allow the exchanger to achieve optimum thermal performance.
Par ailleurs, en raison du fait que ce collecteur comporte un nervurage important de la boite collectrice pour pouvoir résister correctement à la pression interne de l'échangeur, cette solution de l'art antérieur est complexe à réaliser, onéreuse et augmente la masse globale de l'échangeur.Moreover, due to the fact that this collector has a significant ribbing of the collector box to be able to correctly resist the internal pressure of exchanger, this solution of the prior art is complex to produce, expensive and increases the overall mass of the exchanger.
La présente invention a pour but de pallier les inconvénients précités en proposant notamment un collecteur capable de recevoir un plus grand nombre de tubes et dont la masse est diminuée.The object of the present invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing in particular a manifold capable of receiving a greater number of tubes and whose mass is reduced.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un collecteur pour un échangeur thermique de véhicule automobile, suivant l'objet de la revendication 1.To this end, the subject of the invention is a manifold for a motor vehicle heat exchanger, according to the subject of claim 1.
Dans la suite, on désigne par l'expression « plaque polymère » la plaque comprenant un matériau polymère. Ainsi, le collecteur ci-dessus est renforcé par la plaque polymère, ce qui autorise l'utilisation d'une plaque métallique en aluminium dont l'épaisseur est inférieure à 1,2 mm. Avantageusement, la réduction d'épaisseur de la plaque métallique du collecteur permet de la fabriquer par emboutissage en réduisant le pas des tubes à des valeurs similaires à celles rencontrées sur les collecteurs en acier. Ainsi, un tel collecteur peut accueillir un plus grand nombre de tubes d'échange thermique. Il en résulte une amélioration du rendement thermique de l'échangeur, tandis que la masse du collecteur est diminuée. De plus, comme la plaque polymère renforce la tenue en pression et améliore l'étanchéité entre les tubes, un tel collecteur est moins sujet à des défaillances comme des fuites de fluide caloporteur, par exemple. En fait, un tel collecteur améliore la fiabilité et la durée de vie de l'échangeur.In the following, the expression “polymer plate” denotes the plate comprising a polymer material. Thus, the collector above is reinforced by the polymer plate, which allows the use of an aluminum metal plate whose thickness is less than 1.2 mm. Advantageously, the reduction in thickness of the metal plate of the collector makes it possible to manufacture it by stamping by reducing the pitch of the tubes to values similar to those encountered on steel collectors. Thus, such a collector can accommodate a greater number of heat exchange tubes. This results in an improvement in the thermal efficiency of the exchanger, while the mass of the collector is reduced. In addition, as the polymer plate reinforces the pressure resistance and improves the seal between the tubes, such a collector is less subject to failures such as heat transfer fluid leaks, for example. In fact, such a collector improves the reliability and the life of the exchanger.
On entend par « superposé » que la plaque polymère est située au dessus de la plaque métallique, sans pour autant être en contact direct avec celle-ci. Ainsi, on comprend qu'un joint d'étanchéité peut être intercalé entre ces deux plaques superposées.“Superimposed” means that the polymer plate is located above the metal plate, without however being in direct contact with the latter. Thus, it is understood that a seal can be interposed between these two superposed plates.
On précise que les orifices de réception sont des orifices de passage des tubes à travers la plaque qui est destinée à être traversée par les tubes.It is specified that the receiving orifices are orifices for passage of the tubes through the plate which is intended to be traversed by the tubes.
Le collecteur peut en outre comporter l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises seules ou en combinaison.The manifold may further comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in combination.
Une paroi de la plaque polymère est configurée de sorte que les extrémités des tubes arrivent à affleurement avec cette paroi. Ainsi, les tubes ne font pas saillie de la plaque polymère et donc leurs extrémités ne dépassent pas à l'intérieur de la boîte collectrice, ce qui permet de supprimer des phénomènes de turbulence d'écoulement du fluide dans la boîte collectrice.A wall of the polymer plate is configured so that the ends of the tubes are flush with this wall. Thus, the tubes do not protrude from the polymer plate and therefore their ends do not protrude inside the header box, which makes it possible to eliminate phenomena of fluid flow turbulence in the header box.
La plaque polymère a une forme globalement plate et a une épaisseur comprise entre 3 et 8 millimètres, de préférence voisine de 5 millimètres. Le respect de cette plage d'épaisseur pour la plaque polymère améliore significativement la résistance mécanique du collecteur et autorise en outre à réduire l'épaisseur de la plaque métallique.The polymer plate has an overall flat shape and has a thickness of between 3 and 8 millimeters, preferably close to 5 millimeters. Compliance with this range of thickness for the polymer plate significantly improves the mechanical strength of the commutator and also makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the metal plate.
La plaque polymère comprend des moyens de rigidification de la boîte collectrice, ces moyens comprenant de préférence des orifices de réception de pions ménagés dans la boîte collectrice. De manière avantageuse, ces moyens de rigidification améliorent la stabilité et la cohésion de la boîte collectrice par rapport au collecteur, ce qui limite les risques de fuite de l'échangeur.The polymer plate comprises means for stiffening the collector box, these means preferably comprising orifices for receiving pins formed in the collector box. Advantageously, these stiffening means improve the stability and the cohesion of the manifold with respect to the manifold, which limits the risks of leakage from the exchanger.
Un joint d'étanchéité est agencé entre la plaque métallique et la plaque polymère. Avantageusement, ce joint assure une double fonction d'étanchéité, à savoir l'étanchéité entre les tubes et le collecteur et l'étanchéité entre le collecteur et la boîte collectrice. Par ailleurs, le joint sert d'élément de liaison entre les deux plaques, ce qui facilite les opérations de manutention du collecteur au cours de l'assemblage de l'échangeur.A seal is arranged between the metal plate and the polymer plate. Advantageously, this gasket performs a dual sealing function, namely the sealing between the tubes and the manifold and the sealing between the manifold and the header box. Furthermore, the seal serves as a connecting element between the two plates, which facilitates the handling operations of the collector during the assembly of the exchanger.
Le joint comporte une portion plate, prise en sandwich entre la plaque métallique et la plaque polymère, et munie de préférence de cheminées configurées pour être chaussées autour des tubes. De telles cheminées améliorent l'étanchéité entre les tubes et les orifices de réception des tubes.The joint comprises a flat portion, sandwiched between the metal plate and the polymer plate, and provided preferably with chimneys configured to be fitted around the tubes. Such chimneys improve the seal between the tubes and the tube receiving orifices.
Le joint comporte un bourrelet périphérique destiné à faire l'étanchéité entre d'une part la boîte collectrice et d'autre part l'une au moins des deux plaques. Ainsi, ce bourrelet évite les risques de fuites de l'échangeur.The gasket comprises a peripheral bead intended to provide a seal between, on the one hand, the header box and, on the other hand, at least one of the two plates. Thus, this bead avoids the risk of leaks from the exchanger.
Les orifices de réception des tubes ménagés sur la plaque polymère comprennent un épaulement de retenue du joint, configuré de sorte que le joint est plaqué contre cet épaulement lorsqu'un tube est reçu dans l'orifice de réception. Ainsi, le joint est plus facile à positionner sur le collecteur et son positionnement est durablement amélioré.The tube receiving orifices formed on the polymer plate include a joint retaining shoulder, configured so that the joint is pressed against this shoulder when a tube is received in the receiving orifice. Thus, the seal is easier to position on the manifold and its positioning is durably improved.
L'invention a également pour objet une plaque comportant un matériau polymère pour un collecteur tel que décrit ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a plate comprising a polymer material for a collector as described above.
L'invention a aussi pour objet un joint d'étanchéité pour un collecteur tel que décrit ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a seal for a manifold as described above.
L'invention a encore pour objet une boîte collectrice et un collecteur tel que décrit ci-dessus.Another subject of the invention is a manifold and a manifold as described above.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture des figures annexées, qui sont fournies à titre d'exemples et ne présentent aucun caractère limitatif, dans lesquelles :
- la
figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un collecteur selon un premier mode de réalisation sur lequel est agencé un faisceau de tubes, - la
figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un collecteur selon un second mode de réalisation.
- there
figure 1 is a perspective view of a manifold according to a first embodiment on which is arranged a bundle of tubes, - there
picture 2 is a perspective view of a manifold according to a second embodiment.
En référence à la
Le collecteur est configuré pour recevoir les tubes 12 de l'échangeur par leurs extrémités 14 et pour être assemblé avec une boîte collectrice 16. Dans cet exemple, le collecteur 10 est constitué par une plaque métallique 18, un joint d'étanchéité 20 et une plaque en matériau polymère 22, désignée ci-après plaque polymère.The collector is configured to receive the
La plaque métallique 18 est destinée à être traversée par les tubes 12 et à être sertie sur la boîte collectrice 16. A cet effet, la plaque métallique 18 est une tôle emboutie comportant un pan central 24 rectangulaire muni d'ouvertures ovales régulièrement espacés et conformés pour le passage des tubes 12. La plaque métallique 18 est munie de pans latéraux formant des bords pliés longitudinaux 26 et transversaux (non représentés) pour le sertissage du collecteur 10 sur la boîte collectrice 16. Ces bords 26 comprennent des dents de sertissage 28 de forme rectangulaire qui sont destinées à faciliter l'opération de sertissage de la plaque métallique 18.The
Le joint d'étanchéité 20 est agencé entre la plaque métallique 18 et la plaque polymère 22. A cet effet, il comporte une portion plate 30, prise en sandwich entre la plaque métallique et la plaque polymère. Cette portion plate 30 de forme rectangulaire est munie de cheminées 32 configurées pour être chaussées autour des tubes 12. Ces cheminées 32 ont une forme ovale et font saillie de chaque côté de la portion plate 30 du joint, c'est-à-dire qu'elles comportent des parties supérieures 34 formant saillie face à la boîte collectrice 16 et des parties inférieures 36 formant saillie en dessous de la portion plate du joint. Les cheminées 32 comportent des lèvres 38 disposées sur des parois latérales des parties supérieures 34. Ces lèvres 38 sont prévues pour venir en appui sur un épaulement 40 ménagé dans des orifices 42 de réception des tubes de la plaque polymère. Ainsi, d'une part elles forment des surfaces d'appui facilitant le positionnement du joint, et d'autre part elles participent à l'étanchéité entre la boîte collectrice et le collecteur.The
Le joint comporte un bourrelet périphérique 44 destiné à faire l'étanchéité entre d'une part la boîte collectrice 16 et d'autre part l'une au moins des deux plaques 18, 22. Le joint est fabriqué dans un matériau élastomère classiquement utilisé dans les échangeurs thermiques et bien connu de l'homme du métier.The seal comprises a
La plaque polymère 22, est superposée à la plaque métallique 18 de réception des tubes. Les orifices de réception 42 des tubes ont un contour de forme oblongue tandis que les épaulements 40 de retenue du joint 20 ont une forme sensiblement ovale. Chaque épaulement 40 est configuré de sorte que la lèvre 38 du joint est plaquée contre cet épaulement 40 lorsqu'un tube 12 est reçu dans un orifice de réception 42. Dans l'exemple, les tubes sont légèrement évasés à leurs extrémités 14, ce qui améliore le plaquage de la cheminée 32 du joint contre l'épaulement 40.The
La plaque polymère 22 comprend des moyens de rigidification 46, 48 de la boîte collectrice 16, ces moyens comprenant, le long de chaque bord de la plaque 22, des rangées de trous de réception de pions de rigidification 48 ménagés dans la boîte collectrice 16. Chaque trou débouche latéralement dans la face latérale 23 de la plaque polymère 22 en formant une fente. Les bords 49 de la fente sont séparés par une distance inférieure au diamètre de chaque orifice. On comprend donc que ces orifices sont conformés pour ne pas laisser sortir les pions de rigidification 48 latéralement de la plaque polymère 22 et les maintenir perpendiculaires à la plaque 22.The
Ces moyens de rigidification sont donc configurés pour mieux résister aux efforts de traction et de rotation qui sont induits par un écartement des parois latérales 39 de la boîte collectrice sous l'effet de la pression du fluide à l'intérieur de l'échangeur. Ainsi, il y a moins de distorsions de la boîte collectrice 16 et on peut réduire sensiblement le nombre de nervures de renfort pour en améliorer la rigidité.These stiffening means are therefore configured to better resist the tensile and rotational forces which are induced by a separation of the
Pour fabriquer la plaque polymère 22 il est recommandé d'utiliser un matériau polymère thermodurcissable, mais d'autres alternatives comprenant des thermoplastiques ou des matériaux composites sont aussi envisageables. L'épaisseur de la plaque polymère 22 est comprise entre 3 et 8 millimètres et de préférence voisine de 5 millimètres.To manufacture the
La boîte collectrice 16 forme un couvercle sur le dessus du collecteur. Elle est fabriquée à partir d'un matériau thermodurcissable. Une partie 52 de la boîte collectrice 16 qui se trouve en vis-à-vis d'une paroi supérieure 54 de la plaque polymère 22 a un profil en demi cylindre pour résister à la pression du fluide. Cette partie 52 demi-cylindrique de la boîte collectrice est prolongée sur ses côtés par les parois latérales 39 comportant chacune une marche 56, également appelée « trottoir » par l'homme du métier. A l'intérieur de la boîte collectrice 16, la marche 56 délimite un épaulement interne 58 qui est destiné à venir en appui sur la plaque en matériau polymère 22. L'épaulement interne 58 porte les pions de rigidification 48 orientés vers la plaque polymère. Chaque pion est relié à la marche 56 par une bande de matière 57 formant une nervure interne de rigidification de la boîte collectrice 16. Cette bande de matière 57 est prévue pour pouvoir à passer par une des fentes 49. A l'extérieur de la boîte collectrice 16, la marche 56 forme un épaulement externe 60 destiné à recevoir les dents de sertissage 28 lorsque celles-ci sont pliées après l'étape de sertissage.The
En raison du fait que le collecteur est renforcé par la plaque polymère 22 mais aussi en raison de la présence des moyens de rigidification 46, 48 de la boîte collectrice, il est possible d'optimiser (réduire ou supprimer) le nombre de nervures de renfort.Due to the fact that the collector is reinforced by the
Le dessus de la portion plate 30 du joint accueille la plaque polymère 22, avec les cheminées 32 qui entourent les tubes 12 d'échange thermique et le bourrelet périphérique 44 qui entoure la plaque polymère 22. Plus précisément, les cheminées 32 font saillie au-dessus du joint 20 en entourant les extrémités 14 des tubes 12 et affleurent avec la paroi supérieure 54 de la plaque polymère 22. Cette paroi supérieure 54 est configurée de sorte que les extrémités 14 des tubes arrivent, comme les cheminées 32, à affleurement avec cette paroi.The top of the
Selon un second mode de réalisation représenté à la
Le collecteur 10 n'est pas limité aux modes de réalisation présentés et d'autres modes de réalisation apparaîtront clairement à l'homme du métier. Il est notamment possible de faire varier la forme générale de la plaque polymère 22. Comme celle-ci est moulée il est relativement facile de prévoir qu'elle comporte des formes en volume ou de prévoir qu'elle comporte des reliefs destinés par exemple à simplifier le positionnement des tubes 12 dans les orifices de réception 42. Par ailleurs, pour encore simplifier la fabrication, on peut également envisager de ne pas prévoir de moyens de rigidification 46, 48, mais dans ce cas la boîte collectrice nécessitera d'être davantage nervurée.
Claims (6)
- Header (10) for a heat exchanger of a motor vehicle, configured to receive heat exchange tubes (12), comprising:- a metal plate (18) through which the tubes (12) are intended to pass and which comprises two longitudinal edges (26) for crimping the header (10) to a header tank (16), and- a plate (22) comprising a polymer material, superposed with the metal plate (18) and provided with tube receiving orifices (42),the header comprising a gasket (20) positioned between the metal plate (18) and the polymer plate (22),the gasket (20) comprising a flat portion (30) sandwiched between the metal plate (18) and the polymer plate (22), and the gasket being equipped with sleeves (32) configured to be fitted around the tubes (12), characterized in that the tube (12) receiving orifices (42) formed in the polymer plate (22) comprise a gasket retaining shoulder (40) configured so that the gasket (20) is pressed intimately against this shoulder (40) when a tube is received in a receiving orifice (42).
- Header according to the preceding claim, wherein a wall (54) of the polymer plate (22) is configured such that the ends (14) of the tubes (12) come flush with this wall (54).
- Header according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plate made of polymer material (22) has a flat overall shape and a thickness of between 3 and 8 millimetres, preferably of around 5 millimetres.
- Header according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the polymer plate (22) comprises stiffening means (46, 48) for stiffening the header tank (16), these means preferably comprising receiving orifices (42) for receiving studs (48) formed in the header tank (16).
- Header according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the gasket (20) has a peripheral bulge (44) intended to provide sealing between, on the one hand, the header tank (16) and, on the other hand, at least one of the two plates (18, 22).
- Heat exchanger comprising a header tank (16) and a header (10) according to any one of Claims 1 to 5.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1454042A FR3020671B1 (en) | 2014-05-05 | 2014-05-05 | COLLECTOR FOR A THERMAL EXCHANGER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
PCT/EP2015/059865 WO2015169807A1 (en) | 2014-05-05 | 2015-05-05 | Header for a heat exchanger of a motor vehicle |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3140604A1 EP3140604A1 (en) | 2017-03-15 |
EP3140604B1 true EP3140604B1 (en) | 2023-07-05 |
Family
ID=51293095
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15720987.5A Active EP3140604B1 (en) | 2014-05-05 | 2015-05-05 | Header for a heat exchanger of a motor vehicle |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10180290B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3140604B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2017515086A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20160145137A (en) |
CN (1) | CN106461356B (en) |
FR (1) | FR3020671B1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2016014497A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015169807A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10030918B2 (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2018-07-24 | Enterex America LLC | Radiator tank fastening system |
FR3059090B1 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2019-10-18 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | COLLECTOR BOX AND THERMAL EXCHANGER CORRESPONDING |
FR3066264B1 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2019-11-01 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | THERMAL EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE THERMAL REGULATION OF BATTERIES, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
FR3081544B1 (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2020-07-03 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | COLLECTOR BOX FOR A HEAT EXCHANGER |
DE102018219171A1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-02 | Hanon Systems | battery cooler |
US11073345B2 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2021-07-27 | Hanon Systems | Heat exchanger header with stiffening element |
LU501017B1 (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-15 | Estra Automotive Systems Luxembourg S A R L | Heat exchanger |
WO2023241341A1 (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-12-21 | 浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司 | Liquid distributor and heat exchanger |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2031668A5 (en) * | 1969-02-03 | 1970-11-20 | Chausson Usines Sa |
Family Cites Families (24)
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US3415315A (en) * | 1966-06-29 | 1968-12-10 | Borg Warner | Heat exchanger |
FR2031669A5 (en) * | 1969-02-03 | 1970-11-20 | Chausson Usines Sa | |
GB2025023B (en) * | 1978-06-15 | 1983-01-19 | Ferodo Sa | Expansion tank and header box arrangement for a tubular heat exchanger such as a motor vehicle radiator |
IT1119325B (en) * | 1979-07-04 | 1986-03-10 | Comind Spa | IMPROVEMENT OF PADIATORI OF FAN HEATERS PARTICULARLY FOR AIR CONDITIONING OF VEHICLES |
FR2538526B1 (en) * | 1982-12-22 | 1986-12-19 | Chausson Usines Sa | COLLECTOR PLATE FOR TUBE AND WATER BOX HEAT EXCHANGER |
FR2556461B1 (en) * | 1983-12-09 | 1988-08-26 | Chausson Usines Sa | PROCESS FOR CRIMPING A COLLECTOR PLATE OF A HEAT EXCHANGER ON A WATER BOX AND EXCHANGER OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS |
US4546823A (en) * | 1985-02-11 | 1985-10-15 | Mccord Heat Transfer Corporation | Solderless radiator |
US4848448A (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-07-18 | Mccord Heat Transfer Corporation | Heat exchange assembly |
IT1219145B (en) * | 1988-03-24 | 1990-05-03 | Borletti Climatizzazione | MOTOR VEHICLE RADIATOR |
US5123482A (en) * | 1991-11-14 | 1992-06-23 | Wynn's Climate Systems, Inc. | Oval tube heat exchanger |
FR2690229A1 (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1993-10-22 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | A heat exchanger of the type comprising a finned tube bundle and a water box header assembly. |
FR2690230B1 (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1994-06-03 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | HEAT EXCHANGER COMPRISING A FIXED TUBE BEAM IMMOBILIZED IN RELATION TO A COLLECTOR-WATER BOX ASSEMBLY. |
US5195581A (en) * | 1992-05-15 | 1993-03-23 | General Motors Corporation | Snap on radiator tank |
US5195582A (en) * | 1992-08-21 | 1993-03-23 | General Motors Corporation | Sealing junction for a heat exchanger |
FR2742531B1 (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 1998-01-30 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | HEAT EXCHANGER COLLECTING PLATE, MANUFACTURING METHOD AND HEAT EXCHANGER COMPRISING SUCH A COLLECTING PLATE |
FR2745079B1 (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 1998-04-10 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | BRAZED FLUID BOX HEAT EXCHANGER, ESPECIALLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLES |
FR2783907B1 (en) * | 1998-09-25 | 2000-12-22 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | REDUCED HEAT EXCHANGER, PARTICULARLY FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE |
JP2005090822A (en) * | 2003-09-16 | 2005-04-07 | Denso Corp | Heat exchanger |
JP2005233576A (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2005-09-02 | Denso Corp | Heat exchanger |
TW200710364A (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2007-03-16 | Dsm Ip Assets Bv | Automotive heat exchanger |
US7640971B2 (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2010-01-05 | Centrum Equitites Acquisition | Heat exchanger manifold sealing system |
US9470461B2 (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2016-10-18 | Modine Manufacturing Company | Heat exchanger with a tank reinforcement member |
FR2968389B1 (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2015-03-06 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | COLLECTOR BOX FOR HEAT EXCHANGER AND CORRESPONDING HEAT EXCHANGER |
US9829252B2 (en) * | 2013-10-04 | 2017-11-28 | Denso International America, Inc. | Tank for heat exchanger |
-
2014
- 2014-05-05 FR FR1454042A patent/FR3020671B1/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-05-05 WO PCT/EP2015/059865 patent/WO2015169807A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-05-05 MX MX2016014497A patent/MX2016014497A/en unknown
- 2015-05-05 US US15/308,851 patent/US10180290B2/en active Active
- 2015-05-05 CN CN201580027605.2A patent/CN106461356B/en active Active
- 2015-05-05 JP JP2016566713A patent/JP2017515086A/en active Pending
- 2015-05-05 EP EP15720987.5A patent/EP3140604B1/en active Active
- 2015-05-05 KR KR1020167031807A patent/KR20160145137A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2031668A5 (en) * | 1969-02-03 | 1970-11-20 | Chausson Usines Sa |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2017515086A (en) | 2017-06-08 |
CN106461356B (en) | 2020-03-13 |
FR3020671B1 (en) | 2016-06-10 |
EP3140604A1 (en) | 2017-03-15 |
WO2015169807A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 |
CN106461356A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
MX2016014497A (en) | 2017-05-23 |
KR20160145137A (en) | 2016-12-19 |
US20170074601A1 (en) | 2017-03-16 |
US10180290B2 (en) | 2019-01-15 |
FR3020671A1 (en) | 2015-11-06 |
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