EP3137617A1 - Procédé de transformation de lévoglucosénone en 4-hydroxyméthylbutyrolactone ou 4-hydroxyméthylbuténolide - Google Patents
Procédé de transformation de lévoglucosénone en 4-hydroxyméthylbutyrolactone ou 4-hydroxyméthylbuténolideInfo
- Publication number
- EP3137617A1 EP3137617A1 EP15720056.9A EP15720056A EP3137617A1 EP 3137617 A1 EP3137617 A1 EP 3137617A1 EP 15720056 A EP15720056 A EP 15720056A EP 3137617 A1 EP3137617 A1 EP 3137617A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- levoglucosenone
- dihydrolévoglucosénone
- oxidation
- lipase
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- HITOXZPZGPXYHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N levoglucosenone Natural products O=C1C=CC2COC1O2 HITOXZPZGPXYHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- HITOXZPZGPXYHY-UJURSFKZSA-N levoglucosenone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@H]2CO[C@@H]1O2 HITOXZPZGPXYHY-UJURSFKZSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- AWNLUIGMHSSXHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-erythro-ascorbate Chemical compound OCC1OC(=O)C=C1 AWNLUIGMHSSXHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 23
- NSISJFFVIMQBRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-one Chemical compound OCC1CCC(=O)O1 NSISJFFVIMQBRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical group OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012928 buffer substance Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 241001661345 Moesziomyces antarcticus Species 0.000 claims description 10
- AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.NC(N)=O AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 101710098554 Lipase B Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940078916 carbamide peroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- WHIRALQRTSITMI-UJURSFKZSA-N (1s,5r)-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-4-one Chemical compound O1[C@@]2([H])OC[C@]1([H])CCC2=O WHIRALQRTSITMI-UJURSFKZSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 88
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 27
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 22
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 11
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 208000034953 Twin anemia-polycythemia sequence Diseases 0.000 description 8
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
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- INEWUCPYEUEQTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(O)CNC1CCCCC1 INEWUCPYEUEQTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007993 MOPS buffer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108010048733 Lipozyme Proteins 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003997 cyclic ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- FCCDDURTIIUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lipoamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCC1CCSS1 FCCDDURTIIUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006220 Baeyer-Villiger oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000222175 Diutina rugosa Species 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CGZZMOTZOONQIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCC1 CGZZMOTZOONQIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 etc. Substances 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019626 lipase activity Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FTBUKOLPOATXGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC FTBUKOLPOATXGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroperbenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGNLMPIKHMITGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(CCCCC1)NCC(CO)S(=O)(=O)O Chemical compound C1(CCCCC1)NCC(CO)S(=O)(=O)O WGNLMPIKHMITGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007995 HEPES buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- YNLCVAQJIKOXER-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]-3-aminopropanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)NCCCS(O)(=O)=O YNLCVAQJIKOXER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000235403 Rhizomucor miehei Species 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- SHQSVMDWKBRBGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobutanone Chemical compound O=C1CCC1 SHQSVMDWKBRBGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100001231 less toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002029 lignocellulosic biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008055 phosphate buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P17/00—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms
- C12P17/02—Oxygen as only ring hetero atoms
- C12P17/04—Oxygen as only ring hetero atoms containing a five-membered hetero ring, e.g. griseofulvin, vitamin C
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for converting levoglucosenone to 4-hydroxymethylbutyrolactone or 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide.
- Levoglucosenone is commonly used as a starting material for the synthesis of various chemical compounds of interest, in particular 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide, of formula (IIa), and of 4-hydroxymethylbutyrolactone, of formula (Mb):
- levoglucosenone is converted in a conventional manner in two successive steps, the first of these steps consisting of a Baeyer-Villiger type oxidation reaction, to form a formate intermediate, followed by a hydrolysis step. acid to form 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide.
- levoglucosenone is first subjected to a catalytic hydrogenation step, so as to form dihydrolivoglucosénone which is then subjected to the transformation steps described above with reference to levoglucosenone.
- the present invention therefore aims to remedy the disadvantages of the methods proposed by the prior art for the conversion of levoglucosenone to 4-hydroxymethylbutyrolactone or 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide, in particular to those described above, by proposing such a process which makes it possible to obtain high levels of conversion of levoglucosenone, in a short time, not exceeding a few hours, and using reagents devoid of toxicity and respectful of the environment.
- a further object of the invention is that this method is economical to implement.
- this method comprises the following successive steps. a) Where appropriate, to obtain a compound of general formula (II) in which R represents -CH 2 -CH 2 -, it is firstly carried out a step of hydrogenation of levoglucosenone (la), so as to form dihydrolivoglucosénone of formula (Ib):
- This step can be carried out by any conventional method in itself, in particular by catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of palladium on carbon.
- the reaction medium obtained at the end of this step b) comprises a mixture of the target compound (IIa) or (Mb) with the corresponding formate (Nia) or (IIIb).
- This step can be carried out by any conventional method in itself, for example using hydrochloric acid, especially in solution in methanol, acetic acid, sulfuric acid, an Amberlyst® type resin. or any acidic zeolite.
- the hydrolysis step may otherwise be made in basic conditions, according to any conventional method in itself for the skilled person.
- d) Where appropriate, to obtain a compound of general formula (II) in which R represents -CH 2 -CH 2 -, that is to say to obtain 4-hydroxymethylbutyrolactone of formula (Mb), if a step a) has not been carried out, hydrogenation of the compound (IIa) obtained in step c).
- This hydrogenation reaction may be carried out by any method known to those skilled in the art, in particular by catalytic hydrogenation, for example according to the methods indicated above.
- step b) of oxidation of levoglucosenone, or dihydrolivoglucosénone is carried out by contacting a solution of levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosénone in a solvent, with a lipase in the presence of an agent oxidant and an acyl donor compound.
- the oxidation reaction is thus advantageously catalyzed enzymatically.
- the resulting benefits are numerous, both from an economic and an ecological point of view.
- the lipase exhibits no or very little toxicity, in particular in comparison with the metal catalysts and peracids used by the prior art.
- the method according to the present invention is thus more advantageous than the processes proposed by the prior art, while having the advantage of a significant environmental gain. It has also been found by the present inventors, here again quite unexpectedly, that at the end of this stage b) of oxidation, the lipase has a significant residual activity, allowing it to be reused for catalyzing at least one, and even more, subsequent oxidation reactions according to the present invention. This result is all the more unexpected since the oxidation reaction of levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosénone generates, as a byproduct of the reaction, formic acid, which is known to have a negative impact on the reaction. lipase activity.
- the present invention advantageously provides, in preferred embodiments, that the process comprises a step of isolating the lipase from the reaction medium after this step b) oxidation, prior to the implementation of step c) hydrolysis, in particular acid hydrolysis.
- the choice of the various preferential characteristics of the invention in particular the values of the different operational parameters of the levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosenone oxidation step b), which are indicated below, is carried out according to the invention.
- invention so as to obtain the highest conversion rates of levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosénone possible, with a reduced reaction time, and while maintaining the enzyme strong residual activity at the end of the reaction, so as to be able to reuse it for subsequent reactions, and thereby limit the cost of implementing the process.
- the lipase can be of any type. Preferentially, lipase B of Candida antarctica, known under the abbreviation CaL-B, is used. Other lipases, such as Candida rugosa or Rhizomucor miehei for example, can also be used.
- the lipase may be used in free form in the reaction medium, that is to say in a form in which it is not immobilized on any solid support. The use of lipases in free form makes it possible in particular to obtain good yields of the oxidation reaction, in short times, especially a few hours, while having the advantage of a low cost of preparation.
- the lipase is used in immobilized form on a solid support, so that it can easily be isolated from the reaction medium at the end of the oxidation step b).
- a CaL-B lipase immobilized on a polymethylmethacrylate support such as the lipase marketed by Novozymes under the name Novozym® 435 designation.
- the duration of step b) oxidation of levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosénone is between two and four hours, and preferably between about two and three hours. As previously stated, such a short reaction time allows for high conversion rates of levoglucosenone and dihydrolevoglucosenone.
- the solvent used in the oxidation stage b), for the dissolution of levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosénone can be of any type compatible with the action of the lipase. It may for example be an organic solvent, an organic solvent / water mixture, an ionic liquid, a eutectic solvent, or a mixture of such solvents, or even supercritical CO 2 .
- This solvent may for example be chosen from toluene, dichloromethane, hexane, etc., or a mixture thereof.
- the acyl donor compound may be of any conventional type in itself. It may in particular be constituted by a long-chain acid, such as a C2 to C30 linear chain saturated fatty acid, for example caprylic acid or capric acid.
- the acyl donor compound and the solvent are constituted by the same product.
- the solvent used for the dissolution of the levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosénone substrate is thus an organic solvent, preferably ethyl acetate, which at the same time ensures the function of acyl donor.
- Other solvents, such as butyl acetate or ethyl propionate may otherwise be used, alone or in admixture with one another or with ethyl acetate.
- ethyl acetate offers the advantage of being biobased, and of not having any toxicity for living organisms and for the environment.
- the oxidizing agent used in step b) of oxidation of levoglucosenone or of dihydrolivoglucosénone is preferably chosen from hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide, otherwise known as hydrogen peroxide - urea, in solution in water.
- Such oxidizing agents have in particular a good stability, so that the risks associated with their industrial implementation are reduced.
- the oxidizing agent is oxygen peroxide alone, that is to say not associated with urea, which makes it possible to obtain particularly high conversion rates.
- the concentration of the oxidizing agent is at least equal to 1 molar equivalent relative to levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosénone. This concentration is preferably between 1 and 2 molar equivalents relative to levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosénone. Such a concentration range advantageously allows to obtain a high reaction yield, without causing denaturation of the lipase, which remains reusable for subsequent reactions.
- the concentration of oxidizing agent is approximately equal to 1.2 molar equivalents relative to levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosénone.
- the temperature of step b) of oxidation of levoglucosenone or of dihydrolivoglucosénone is preferably between 30 and 60 ° C, in order to ensure optimal functioning of the lipase. Preferably, this temperature is about 40 ° C. Such a temperature makes it possible in particular to obtain rapid kinetics of the oxidation reaction, while limiting the energy expenditure, and therefore the cost, associated with the implementation of the process according to the invention.
- the concentration of levoglucosénone or dihydroglucosénone in the organic solvent is in addition preferably between 0.5 and 1 mol / L. Concentrations within such a range of values advantageously make it possible to obtain optimal yields of the oxidation reaction.
- the co-products of the oxidation reaction namely acetic acid and formic acid, are eliminated as they are formed by in situ neutralization or extraction of the product. reaction medium.
- step b) of oxidation of levoglucosenone or of dihydrolivoglucosénone is carried out in the presence, in the reaction medium, of at least one buffer substance, preferably of pKa between 5 and 9.6, or a mixture of such buffer substances.
- a buffer substance advantageously neutralizes the co-products of the oxidation reaction that are acetic acid and formic acid, thereby preventing the deleterious effect that these acids could have on the lipase. It also maintains in the reaction medium an optimal pH for the operation of the latter.
- the buffer substance may be a liquid buffer substance, such as a phosphate buffer, conventional in itself.
- the buffer substance may be a solid buffer substance, preferably of pKa between 5 and 9.6, and preferably between 7.2 and 9.6.
- solid buffer substance is meant a mixture of the two acid and basic forms of the buffer.
- Such a solid form of the buffer substance has several advantages. It allows easy separation of the buffer substance and the reaction medium. In addition, and quite unexpectedly, the implementation of a solid buffer substance during the oxidation step has the effect of significantly increasing the speed of the oxidation reaction, compared with buffer-free conditions, and even, to a lesser extent, liquid buffer substances. Thus, the solid buffer substances make it possible to reach, within two hours of reaction, conversion close to 90%.
- any type of solid buffer substance can be used in the context of the invention.
- the solid buffer substance is chosen for its behavior in the reaction medium, in particular to ensure that it does not form a gel in this medium, so that, on the one hand, it does not interfere with the catalytic action of the reaction medium. lipase, and secondly, it is easily separable from the reaction medium at the end of the oxidation reaction.
- a TAPS buffer substance N- [tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl] -3-aminopropane sulfonic acid
- a CAPSO buffer substance cyclohexylamino-3-hydroxy-2-propanesulphonic acid
- the concentration of the solid buffer substance in the reaction medium is preferably between 20 and 100 mg / mL, ie between 10 and 50 mg / mL of each of the acid and basic forms of the buffer.
- the amount of lipase used is between 56 and 1134 lipase units per millimole of levoglucosenone or of dihydrolivoglucosénone.
- such a small amount of enzyme makes it possible to obtain high levels of conversion of levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosenone in reduced reaction times.
- the amount of lipase used is preferably between 227 and 1134 lipase units per millimole of levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosénone.
- the amount of lipase used is preferably between 56 and 227 lipase units per millimole of levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosénone.
- concentration ranges advantageously make it possible to obtain, at a temperature of 40 ° C., conversion rates of levoglucosenone or dihydrolivoglucosénone which are greater than 70%, in about two hours or about four hours respectively in the presence or absence of a solid buffer substance.
- steps b) of oxidation and c) hydrolysis, in particular of acid hydrolysis, of the process according to the invention can be carried out in a single reactor, without isolation of the intermediate products.
- These successive steps may otherwise be separated by an intermediate step of separating the lipase, and optionally the solid buffer substance, from the reaction medium, optionally followed by a step of concentration of this reaction medium prior to the implementation of step c) of hydrolysis, in particular of acid hydrolysis, of the mixture comprising the compound of formula (II) and the corresponding formate, to obtain 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide of formula (IIa) or 4-hydroxymethylbutyrolactone of formula (Mb ).
- FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c show HPLC chromatograms obtained for samples taken from the reaction medium during the implementation of a step according to the invention for the oxidation of levoglucosenone (LGO) to 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide (HBO) and in the corresponding formate (FHBO), the samples being taken from the reaction medium after respectively 0 h, 1 h and 2 h of reaction;
- LGO levoglucosenone
- HBO 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide
- FHBO corresponding formate
- FIG. 2 shows a graph illustrating the evolution over time of the conversion rate of levoglucosenone (LGO), during the implementation of an oxidation step according to the invention, under the following different conditions : no solid buffer at 40 ° C, no solid buffer at 60 ° C, CAPSO solid buffer at 40 ° C, MOPS solid buffer at 40 ° C, TAPS solid buffer at 40 ° C;
- FIG. 3 shows a graph illustrating the conversion rate of levoglucosenone (LGO), during the implementation of successive cycles of oxidation reactions according to the invention using the same lipase, for amounts of lipase in the initial reaction medium of 10% or 20% w / w (13 or 227 units / mmol) relative to the LGO, in the presence of a solid buffer;
- FIG. 4 shows a graph illustrating the evolution over time of the conversion rate of levoglucosenone (LGO) on the one hand, and cyclohexanone (CH) on the other hand, during the implementation of an oxidation step according to the invention;
- FIG. 5 shows a graph illustrating the evolution over time of the conversion rate of levoglucosenone (LGO) during the implementation of an oxidation step according to the invention, with as agent oxidizing hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) or hydrogen peroxide - urea (UHP);
- FIG. 6 shows a graph illustrating the evolution over time of the conversion rate of levoglucosenone (LGO) during the implementation of an oxidation step according to the invention, with as lipase a Candida Antarctica type B lipase immobilized on a solid support (S), or Candida Antarctica type B lipase in free form, with (LTpn) or without (L) liquid buffer in the reaction medium;
- LGO levoglucosenone
- FIG. 7 shows a graph illustrating the evolution over time of the conversion rate of levoglucosenone (LGO) during the implementation of an oxidation step according to the invention, with as lipase.
- 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide, of formula (IIa) is prepared from levoglucosenone (LGO) according to the particular embodiment of the process according to the present invention hereinafter referred to as "one-pot”.
- a 30% aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide H 2 O 2 (2.57 mmol, 0.26 ml, 1.2 eq with respect to LGO) is added in a single portion to a suspension.
- LGO 270 mg, 2.14 mmol
- CaL-B lipase Novozym® 435, 75 mg, 315 U / mmol LGO
- ethyl acetate 3 mL
- 1 g of Novozym® 435 corresponds to 9000 units of CaL-B lipase (activity measured after the enzyme has remained in ethyl acetate).
- the reaction mixture is stirred at 40 ° C for 4 h and then evaporated to dryness.
- the latter is separated from the reaction medium prior to the dry evaporation step of the medium.
- the acid hydrolysis is then carried out as described above. Pure 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide is also obtained with the same yield of 72%.
- the acid hydrolysis step is carried out directly on the reaction medium obtained at the outcome of the oxidation step, without it being previously carried out dry evaporation step. Whether the lipase has been removed from the reaction medium by filtration or not, in such variants of the invention, the yield of the reaction is similar to that obtained for the embodiment described above in detail, that is, about 72%.
- 4-hydroxymethylbutyrolactone, of formula (Mb) is prepared from levoglucosenone (LGO) according to one or other of the variants of the process according to the present invention below. 2.1 / way 1
- Pd / C (10% w / w, 500 mg) is added to a solution of (-) - levoglucosenone LGO (5 g, 39.7 mmol) in ethyl acetate (50 mL) at room temperature .
- the stirred suspension is degassed 3 times under vacuum / nitrogen.
- the suspension is then hydrogenated with a hydrogen atmosphere at room temperature until the total consumption of the starting material is approximately 4 hours.
- the crude mixture is filtered through a pad of celite and the filtrate is concentrated to dryness with silica gel.
- the crude product is purified by chromatography on silica gel (elution with 10 to 60% ethyl acetate in cyclohexane), to obtain dihydrolivoglucosenone of formula (Ib) (2H-LGO) pure (colorless oil, 4%). , 4g, 87%).
- a 30% aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide H 2 0 2 (9.3 mmol, 0.97 mL, 1.2 eq with respect to 2H-LGO) is added in a single portion to a suspension of 2H-LGO (1 g, 7.8 mmol) under stirring additionally containing lipase (Novozym® 435, 100 mg, 340 U / mmol 2H-LGO) in ethyl acetate (10 mL) at room temperature.
- the reaction mixture is stirred at 40 ° C for 4 h and then evaporated to dryness.
- the 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide (IIa) obtained in Example 1 is subjected to catalytic hydrogenation, as follows.
- Pd / C (10% w / w, 250 mg) is added to a solution of 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide (1.4 g, 12.3 mmol) in ethyl acetate (15 mL) at room temperature.
- the stirred suspension is degassed 3 times under vacuum / nitrogen.
- the suspension is then hydrogenated with a hydrogen atmosphere at ambient temperature for 4 hours.
- the crude mixture is filtered through a pad of celite and the filtrate is concentrated to dryness with silica gel.
- the crude product is purified by chromatography on silica gel (elution with a gradient ranging from 75 to 100% of ethyl acetate in cyclohexane), to obtain 4-hydroxymethylbutyrolactone of formula (Mb) pure (1, 19 g, 82%).
- reaction medium A sample of 0 0 ⁇ l of reaction medium is diluted in 1.5 ml of acetonitrile. The mixture is filtered on a 0.2 ⁇ PTFE filter and then injected into the HPLC chromatograph.
- the analyzes are carried out on a Thermo Scientific® Syncronis® aQ column (250 * 4.6 mm, 5 ⁇ ) under the following conditions: injection volume 10; oven temperature 30 ° C; elution method: isocratic 85/15 water / acetonitrile 0 to 5 min, 5 to 10 min 85/15 to 90/10 water / acetonitrile gradient, 10 to 15 min isocratic 90/10 water / acetonitrile, 15 to 20 min gradient from 90/10 to 85/15 water / acetonitrile; spectrum recording at 220 nm.
- the area under the peak attributed to LGO is measured, and plotted on a standard curve made by HPLC analysis of solutions of known LGO concentrations.
- the conversion rate of the LGO is deduced from the mass value thus determined, as compared to the initial mass of LGO.
- Reactions are also carried out with the following different solid buffer substances, added in the reaction medium at the beginning of the reaction, at a concentration of 20 mg / ml for each of the acidic and basic forms: MOPS (pKa 7.2), TAPS (pKa 8.4) or CAPSO (pKa 9.6), of commercial origin.
- MOPS pKa 7.2
- TAPS pKa 8.4
- CAPSO pKa 9.6
- the LGO conversion level is monitored over time and evaluated by HPLC, according to the operating protocol of Example 3, from the measurement of the area under the HPLC peak attributed to the LGO (retention time 8.40 min).
- a process is carried out by way of comparative example under the same reaction conditions, but with addition in the medium.
- a liquid buffer more precisely a phosphate buffer solution of pKa 7.2, at the rate of 1 ml of buffer solution per 4 ml of ethyl acetate.
- a lipase conversion rate of 43% is obtained.
- LGO oxidation reactions are performed in accordance with the invention with the following operational parameters.
- the initial concentration of LGO in ethyl acetate is 0.75 mol / L.
- the reaction is conducted at 40 ° C.
- the amount of CaL-B lipase is 226.8 units per mmol of LGO.
- the oxidizing agents used are hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) or hydrogen peroxide-urea (H 2 O 2 -urea) in a concentration of 1.2 eq. molar to LGO. Different reaction times are tested: 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 16 h, 24 h.
- the lipase is isolated from the reaction medium by filtration, washed with ethyl acetate, with water and then with hexane, dried for 1 h at 40 ° C. and then overnight at room temperature. in a desiccator under reduced pressure, and finally subjected to the following test.
- the residual activity of the lipase is measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), determining the conversion rate of lauric acid to propyl laurate.
- GC-MS gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- composition substrate solution is prepared: 74.65% (w / w) lauric acid, 22.37% (w / w) 1-propanol, 2.98% (w / w) ) of water.
- the mixture is liquefied at 60 ° C. 14 mg of lipase are introduced into a flask, placed at 60 ° C. 5 g (6 ml) of the substrate solution are added to the flask.
- GC vial containing at least 500 ⁇ . liquid; injection of 1 ⁇ , in 40: 1 split mode; injector temperature 280 ° C; carrier gas: H 2 , 1, 2 mL / min constant flow; oven temperature: 60 ° C for 1 min then temperature gradient from 20 ° C / min to 325 ° C and held at 325 ° C for 5 min; temperature of the transfer line: 280 ° C.
- MS solvent delay 1 min; temperature of the source: 230 ° C; quad temperature: 150 ° C; sweep range 30 to 350 amu.
- a standard mass range is made for each sample pass (from 0.1 g / L to 2.8 g / L or from 0.2 mg / g to 4.5 mg / g). The mass of lauric acid remaining in each sample is deduced by comparison with the standard range.
- Mf represents the final number of mmoles of lauric acid
- W represents the amount of lipase (g)
- t represents the reaction time (min)
- a PLU unit is defined as the amount of enzyme which, under standard conditions of 60 ° C and 15 min of reaction, forms 1 ⁇ of propyl laurate per minute.
- Mf is calculated from the corresponding peak area in GC-MS and using a calibration curve.
- a first LGO oxidation reaction according to the invention is carried out under the following conditions.
- the concentration of LGO in ethyl acetate is 0.67 mol / L.
- To this solution are added: 13 or 227 units of Cal-B lipase per mmol of LGO (respectively 10% or 20% by weight of lipase relative to the weight of LGO), 1, 2 eq. hydrogen peroxide (50% in water), and 20 mg / mL of each of the acidic and basic forms of HEPES solid buffer (pKa 7.5).
- the reaction is conducted with stirring at 40 ° C for 2 hours.
- 10 of reaction medium are removed and analyzed by HPLC, according to the protocol described in Example 2 above.
- the lipase and the solid buffer are then separated from the reaction medium by filtration and washed with ethyl acetate.
- Stage b) of the process according to the invention, of oxidation of levoglucosenone (LGO), is carried out as described in Example 1, by varying various operating parameters as indicated in Table 3 below. .
- the conversion rate of the LGO is determined, as indicated in Example 4 above; the residual activity of the lipase, as shown in Example 5 above.
- the results obtained are summarized in Table 3 below.
- the lipase CaL-B (Novozym®435, 1 U / mmol of substrate) is added, followed by 1, 2 eq. of 50% hydrogen peroxide in water.
- the reaction medium is stirred at 40 ° C.
- the conversion rate of each substrate is monitored over time and evaluated by HPLC, according to the operating procedure of Example 3 above, from the measurement of the area under the HPLC peak assigned to the substrate.
- Step b / oxidation of levoglucosenone is carried out as described in Example 1 above, with the operating parameters indicated below, with as oxidizing agent hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) or hydrogen peroxide - urea (UHP).
- oxidizing agent hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) or hydrogen peroxide - urea (UHP).
- H 2 O 2 hydrogen peroxide
- UHP hydrogen peroxide - urea
- Step b / oxidation of levoglucosenone (LGO) is carried out on the one hand by means of the enzyme CaL-B immobilized on a solid support (Novozym®435), and on the other hand by means of the lipase B Candida antarctica in free form CaL-B L, as marketed under the name Lipozyme® by Novozymes.
- the lipase (1 U / mmol of substrate) is added, followed by the oxidizing agent (50% hydrogen peroxide in the water) (1, 2 eq for lipase immobilized on solid support, and 1 eq for lipase in free form).
- the reaction medium is stirred at 40 ° C.
- Step b / oxidation of levoglucosenone (LGO) is carried out on the one hand by means of the enzyme CaL-B immobilized on a solid support (Novozym®435), and on the other hand by means of the lipase B Candida antarctica in free form CaL-B L, as marketed under the name Lipozyme® by Novozymes.
- lipase (1 U / mmol of LGO for free form lipase, and 1 U / mmol of LGO for lipase is added. on solid support), then the oxidizing agent (50% hydrogen peroxide in water) (1.2 eq for immobilized lipase solid support, and 1 eq for lipase in free form).
- a phosphate buffer of pKa 7 (KH 2 PO 4 / NaOH) is also introduced into the reaction medium.
- the following solid buffer substances are used, at a concentration of 20 mg / mL for each of the acidic and basic forms: MOPS (pKa 7.2), TAPS (pKa 8.4) or CAPSO (pKa 9.6), of commercial origin.
- MOPS pKa 7.2
- TAPS pKa 8.4
- CAPSO pKa 9.6
- the reaction medium is stirred at 40 ° C.
- the conversion rate is monitored over time and evaluated by HPLC, according to the operating procedure of Example 3 below. before, from the measurement of the area under the HPLC peak attributed to the LGO.
- 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide, of formula (IIa) is prepared from levoglucosenone (LGO) according to the particular embodiment of the process according to the present invention hereinafter.
- the lipases tested are as follows: Lipozyme® Candida antarctica type B Cal-B L; Lipase AY “Amano” 30SD-K Candida rugosa; Lipase MER "Amano”.
- the operating protocol is as follows.
- lipase either Lipozyme® Candida antarctica type B Cal-B L (0.1 to 0.3 ml or 1 15 U at 350 U, activity 5000 LU / g), or Lipase AY “Amano" 30SD-K Candida rugosa (13 mg, that is 1 U U activity 30000 U / g), or Lipase MER "Amano” (53 mg or 1 15 U activity 7500 LU / g),
- reaction mixture is stirred magnetically or at the incubator (Thermo MAXQ 150 RPM) at 40 ° C for 24 h.
- reaction medium is then subjected to an acid hydrolysis step as described in Example 1 above.
- 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide is obtained with a yield of between 60 and 80%.
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Abstract
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FR1453957A FR3020638A1 (fr) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Procede de transformation de levoglucosenone en 4-hydroxymethylbutyrolactone ou 4-hydroxymethylbutenolide |
PCT/EP2015/059323 WO2015165957A1 (fr) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-29 | Procédé de transformation de lévoglucosénone en 4-hydroxyméthylbutyrolactone ou 4-hydroxyméthylbuténolide |
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EP3137617A1 true EP3137617A1 (fr) | 2017-03-08 |
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EP15720056.9A Withdrawn EP3137617A1 (fr) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-29 | Procédé de transformation de lévoglucosénone en 4-hydroxyméthylbutyrolactone ou 4-hydroxyméthylbuténolide |
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US (1) | US20170152536A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3137617A1 (fr) |
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US11021724B2 (en) | 2017-03-29 | 2021-06-01 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Materials and methods for alkene reduction of levoglucosenone by an alkene reductase |
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JPH03109384A (ja) * | 1989-09-22 | 1991-05-09 | Japan Tobacco Inc | (S)―4―ヒドロキシメチル―γ―ラクトンの製造方法 |
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2014
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
GEORGINA CH?VEZ ET AL: "Baeyer-Villiger oxidation with peracid generated in situ by CaLB-CLEA catalyzed perhydrolysis", JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CATALYSIS B: ENZYMATIC, vol. 89, 1 May 2013 (2013-05-01), pages 67 - 72, XP055148239, ISSN: 1381-1177, DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2012.12.007 * |
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US20170152536A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
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