EP3134912A1 - Vacuum fault interrupter and method for producing a vacuum fault interrupter - Google Patents

Vacuum fault interrupter and method for producing a vacuum fault interrupter

Info

Publication number
EP3134912A1
EP3134912A1 EP15725315.4A EP15725315A EP3134912A1 EP 3134912 A1 EP3134912 A1 EP 3134912A1 EP 15725315 A EP15725315 A EP 15725315A EP 3134912 A1 EP3134912 A1 EP 3134912A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vacuum interrupter
housing
current
vacuum
housing components
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15725315.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3134912B1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen EINSCHENK
Frank Graskowski
Christoph RÖHLING
Ulf SCHÜMANN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3134912A1 publication Critical patent/EP3134912A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3134912B1 publication Critical patent/EP3134912B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/6606—Terminal arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/6606—Terminal arrangements
    • H01H2033/6613—Cooling arrangements directly associated with the terminal arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H01H2033/6623—Details relating to the encasing or the outside layers of the vacuum switch housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H01H2033/66269—Details relating to the materials used for screens in vacuum switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum interrupter with a housing formed from housing components and arranged in the interior of the housing, in a closed state of a contact system of the vacuum interrupter current carrying parts.
  • Such vacuum interrupters are known from the state of the art and have a housing which is formed from housing components, for example in the form of insulating housing components made of ceramic and metallic housing components, for example in the form of metallic cover parts.
  • a contact system is arranged, which is provided for switching or interrupting a guided via the vacuum interrupter current, which usually consists of a moving contact and a fixed contact and with the moving contact or fixed contact electrically conductive Bewegumblean gleichbolzen and Fixed contact connection bolts, which are each guided by housing components of the vacuum interrupter vacuum-tight from the interior of the housing to the outside, thus having current-carrying parts.
  • Object of the present invention is to develop a vacuum interrupter of the type mentioned, which has improved properties with respect to the current carrying capacity.
  • the current carrying capacity of the vacuum interrupter is increased in an advantageous manner, because due to the increased heat radiation of the current-carrying parts inside the housing of the vacuum interrupter there due to the flow of current through the vacuum interrupter heat is dissipated there at least partially by heat radiation there, so that at others Make a switching device in which the vacuum interrupter is used, a lower heat dissipation is necessary.
  • the overall heat dissipation properties of the vacuum interrupter are improved, resulting in a higher current carrying capacity of the vacuum interrupter and thus a switching device in which the vacuum interrupter is used results.
  • the vacuum interrupters can thus be designed differently.
  • the housing components comprise a metallic housing component which is arranged between insulating housing components and which surrounds the contact system.
  • the housing components comprise a screen element fastened between insulating housing components, which surrounds the contact system in the interior of the housing.
  • the housing components are also surface treated in such a way that they have an increased heat radiation.
  • the surface treatment may be carried out differently, for example by roughening the surfaces or by coating the surfaces, wherein as the coating material particularly preferably chromium or ruthenium are provided.
  • the coating material particularly preferably chromium or ruthenium are provided.
  • Shield element is arranged connected thermally conductively, a heat dissipation of the transmitted heat radiation from the current-carrying parts to the housing component heat is improved in a simple and effective manner.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing a vacuum interrupter.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide such
  • the process step of the surface treatment can be carried out by roughening or by coating with a material of increased heat radiation capability.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a vacuum interrupter according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 a second embodiment of a vacuum interrupter according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vacuum interrupter 1 with a housing 2, which Isolierstoffgeophusbaumaschinemaschine 3 and 4 in the form of
  • the housing 2 furthermore comprises a first metallic cover 6 and a second metallic cover 7, so that the housing of the vacuum interrupter is formed by the ceramic cylinders 3 and 4, the metallic housing component 5 and the first metallic cover 6 and the second metallic cover 7 as housing components 1 is formed.
  • Passed through the first metallic cover 6 in a vacuum-tight manner is a fixed contact connection pin 8, which is connected in an electrically conductive manner to a fixed contact 9, through which the second metallic cover 7 extends Moving contact connection pin 10 by means of a bellows 11 vacuum-tight movable inside the housing 2 of the vacuum interrupter 1 and is electrically connected to a moving contact 12.
  • the fixed contact 9 and the moving contact 12 form a contact system 13 of the vacuum interrupter 1, which is shown in the embodiment in the closed state, so that on the vacuum interrupter 1, a current can be performed, which by opening the contact system 13 in the event of, for example, a fault in an energy supplier - can be interrupted.
  • a bearing 14 is provided for guiding the BewegCountan gleichbolzens 10, if in the event of such a malfunction, a movement of the BewegCountan gleichbolzens 10 takes place to open the contact system 13.
  • the fixed contact terminal pin 8, the fixed contact 9, the BewegCountan gleichbolzen 10 and the moving contact 12 thus form in the closed state of the contact system 13 current leading parts which are surface treated so that they have an increased heat radiation.
  • the fixed contact 9 and the fixed contact connecting pin 8 have for this purpose in the embodiment of Figure 1 on a coating 15, the BewegCountan gleichbolzen 10 and the moving contact 12 also have a coating 16 which is preferably formed of chromium or ruthenium, wherein instead of the coatings 15 or 16 also a roughening of the corresponding surfaces of fixed contact connection pin 8, fixed contact 9, BewegMultian gleichbolzen 10 and moving contact 12 is possible, which also leads to increased heat radiation of these current-carrying parts.
  • the metallic housing component 5 is provided with an inner coating 17 and an outer coating 18, so that the heat radiated from the current-carrying parts is absorbed better on the metallic housing component 5 and emitted to the outside, since the metallic housing component 5 is the surface-treated one Current-carrying parts surrounds, so that the heat radiated there on the metal housing component 5 is well received.
  • the inner and outer coating 17 or 18 of the metallic housing component 5 is optional, as well as the heat sink 19 shown in the embodiment, which instead of the outer coating 18 or in addition to the outer coating 18 on the metallic housing member 5 may be arranged thermally conductively connected thereto.
  • FIG. 2 shows a relation to the vacuum interrupter 1 of Figure 1 slightly modified vacuum interrupter 1 ⁇ , wherein components which are shown in the vacuum interrupter 1 of Figure 1 are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the vacuum interrupter 1' has a screen element 20 which is arranged between the ceramic cylinders 3 and 4 of the housing 2 of the vacuum interrupter 1 'Is fixed and inside the housing 2 of the vacuum interrupter 1' is arranged.
  • the shielding element 20, which is typically formed of a metal, such as copper or stainless steel, is intended to be in a
  • the current-carrying parts are likewise provided with coatings as in FIG.
  • the shielding element 20 also has an optional inner coating 21 and is connected by a fastener 22, which between the
  • Ceramic cylinders 3 and 4 is provided for attachment of the shield member 20 on the housing 2, with a likewise optional, arranged outside the housing heat sink 23 connected thermally conductive.

Abstract

Disclosed is vacuum fault interrupter (1, 1') comprising a housing (2) formed by housing components (5, 6, 7), and parts (8, 9, 10) which are inside the housing and conduct current in a connected state of a contact system (13) of the vacuum fault interrupter (1, 1'). In order to further develop a vacuum fault interrupter of said type in such a way as to provide same with enhanced properties in respect of the current carrying capacity, the current conducting parts (8, 9, 10, 12) are surface-treated in such a way as to radiate more heat. Also disclosed is a method for producing a vacuum fault interrupter of said type.

Description

Beschreibung description
Vakuumschaltröhre und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vakuumschaltröhre Vacuum interrupter and method of making a vacuum interrupter
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vakuumschaltröhre mit einem aus Gehäusebauteilen gebildeten Gehäuse sowie im Inneren des Gehäuses angeordneten, in einem geschlossenen Zustand eines Kontaktsystems der Vakuumschaltröhre Strom führenden Teilen. The invention relates to a vacuum interrupter with a housing formed from housing components and arranged in the interior of the housing, in a closed state of a contact system of the vacuum interrupter current carrying parts.
Derartige Vakuumschaltröhren sind aus dem landläufigen Stand der Technik bekannt und weisen ein Gehäuse auf, welches aus Gehäusebauteilen, beispielsweise in Form von Isolierstoff- gehäusebauteilen aus Keramik sowie aus metallischen Gehäuse- bauteilen, beispielsweise in Form von metallischen Deckelteilen, gebildet ist. Im Inneren des Gehäuses der Vakuumschaltröhre ist ein Kontaktsystem angeordnet, welches zum Schalten bzw. zum Unterbrechen eines über die Vakuumschaltröhre geführten Stromes vorgesehen ist, welches üblicherweise beste- hend aus einem Bewegkontakt und einem Festkontakt sowie mit dem Bewegkontakt bzw. Festkontakt elektrisch leitend verbundenen Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzen und Festkontaktanschluss- bolzen, die jeweils durch Gehäusebauteile der Vakuumschaltröhre vakuumdicht aus dem Inneren des Gehäuses nach außen ge- führt sind, somit Strom führende Teile aufweist. Such vacuum interrupters are known from the state of the art and have a housing which is formed from housing components, for example in the form of insulating housing components made of ceramic and metallic housing components, for example in the form of metallic cover parts. In the interior of the housing of the vacuum interrupter, a contact system is arranged, which is provided for switching or interrupting a guided via the vacuum interrupter current, which usually consists of a moving contact and a fixed contact and with the moving contact or fixed contact electrically conductive Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzen and Fixed contact connection bolts, which are each guided by housing components of the vacuum interrupter vacuum-tight from the interior of the housing to the outside, thus having current-carrying parts.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Vakuumschaltröhre der eingangs genannten Art weiterzubilden, welche über verbesserte Eigenschaften bezüglich der Stromtragfähigkeit verfügt. Object of the present invention is to develop a vacuum interrupter of the type mentioned, which has improved properties with respect to the current carrying capacity.
Erfindungsgemäß gelöst wird diese Aufgabe bei einer Vakuumschaltröhre der eingangs genannten Art dadurch, dass die Strom führenden Teile derart oberflächenbehandelt sind, dass sie eine erhöhte Wärmeabstrahlung aufweisen. This object is achieved according to the invention in a vacuum interrupter of the type mentioned above in that the current-carrying parts are surface-treated such that they have an increased heat radiation.
Durch eine derartige Oberflächenbehandlung der Strom führenden Teile derart, dass sie eine erhöhte Wärmeabstrahlung auf- weisen, wird in vorteilhafter Weise die Stromtragfähigkeit der Vakuumschaltröhre insgesamt erhöht, weil durch die erhöhte Wärmeabstrahlung der Strom führenden Teile im Inneren des Gehäuses der Vakuumschaltröhre dort durch den Stromfluss über die Vakuumschaltröhre entstehende Wärme zumindest teilweise durch Wärmeabstrahlung auch dort abgeführt wird, so dass an anderen Stellen eines Schaltgerätes, in welchem die Vakuumschaltröhre eingesetzt ist, eine geringere Wärmeabfuhr nötig ist. Somit sind insgesamt die Wärmeabfuhreigenschaften der Vakuumschaltröhre verbessert, wodurch sich eine höhere Stromtragfähigkeit der Vakuumschaltröhre und damit eines Schaltgerätes, in welchem die Vakuumschaltröhre eingesetzt wird, ergibt . Die Vakuumschaltröhren können somit unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein. In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfassen die Gehäusebauteile ein zwischen Isolierstoff- Gehäusebauteilen angeordnetes metallisches Gehäusebauteil, welches das Kontaktsystem umgibt. In einer anderen vorteil- haften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfassen die Gehäusebauteile ein zwischen Isolierstoff-Gehäusebauteilen befestigtes Schirmelement, welches im Inneren des Gehäuses das Kontaktsystem umgibt. Mit dem zwischen Isolierstoff-Gehäusebauteilen angeordneten metallischen Gehäusebauteil, typi- scherweise in Form einer metallischen Schaltkammer, welche als metallisches Gehäusebauteil das Kontaktsystem umgibt und die vom Kontaktsystem abgestrahlte Wärme aufnimmt und nach außen abführt, oder durch ein zwischen Isolierstoff-Gehäusebauteilen befestigtes Schirmelement, welches im Inneren des Gehäuses das Kontaktsystem umgibt, und welches zur Abschirmung der Isolierstoff-Gehäusebauteile von bei einem Schaltvorgang entstehenden Metalldampf dient, aber auch zur Aufnahme von vom Kontaktsystem bzw. den Strom führenden Teilen abgestrahlter Wärme dienen kann, ist die Wärmeabfuhr der Vaku- umschaltröhre verbessert. Vorteilhafterweise sind dabei die Gehäusebauteile ebenfalls derart oberflächenbehandelt sind, dass sie eine erhöhte Wärmeabstrahlung aufweisen. Die Oberflächenbehandlung kann dabei unterschiedlich ausgeführt sein, beispielsweise durch Aufrauen der Oberflächen oder durch Beschichtung der Oberflächen, wobei als Beschich- tungsmaterial besonders bevorzugt Chrom oder Ruthenium vorgesehen sind. Durch derartige Oberflächenbehandlungen mittels Aufrauen oder Beschichten mit Chrom oder Ruthenium wird die Wärmeabstrahlung der Strom führenden Teile erhöht, weil sich die Oberflächeneigenschaften im Vergleich zu unbehandelten Oberflächen der Strom führenden Teile entweder durch Vergrößerung der Oberfläche beim Aufrauen oder durch Verwendung eines Materials mit höheren Wärmeabstrahlungskoeffizienten wie Chrom oder Ruthenium erhöht . In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist außen am Gehäuse der Vakuumschaltröhre ein Kühlelement wärmeleitend mit den Gehäusebauteilen verbunden angeordnet. Ein derartiges Kühlelement, beispielsweise in Form eines Kühlkörpers mit Kühlrippen, welcher wärmeleitend mit den Gehäuse- bauteilen, also dem metallischen Gehäusebauteil oder demBy such a surface treatment of the current-carrying parts such that they have an increased heat radiation show, the current carrying capacity of the vacuum interrupter is increased in an advantageous manner, because due to the increased heat radiation of the current-carrying parts inside the housing of the vacuum interrupter there due to the flow of current through the vacuum interrupter heat is dissipated there at least partially by heat radiation there, so that at others Make a switching device in which the vacuum interrupter is used, a lower heat dissipation is necessary. Thus, the overall heat dissipation properties of the vacuum interrupter are improved, resulting in a higher current carrying capacity of the vacuum interrupter and thus a switching device in which the vacuum interrupter is used results. The vacuum interrupters can thus be designed differently. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the housing components comprise a metallic housing component which is arranged between insulating housing components and which surrounds the contact system. In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the housing components comprise a screen element fastened between insulating housing components, which surrounds the contact system in the interior of the housing. With the arranged between insulating housing components metallic housing component, typically in the form of a metallic switching chamber which surrounds the contact system as a metallic housing component and absorbs the radiated heat from the contact system and dissipates to the outside, or by a fixed between insulating housing components shielding element, which in Inside the housing surrounds the contact system, and which serves to shield the insulating housing components of resulting in a switching metal vapor, but can also serve to receive heat dissipated by the contact system or the current-carrying parts heat, the heat dissipation of Vakum umschub tube is improved. Advantageously, the housing components are also surface treated in such a way that they have an increased heat radiation. The surface treatment may be carried out differently, for example by roughening the surfaces or by coating the surfaces, wherein as the coating material particularly preferably chromium or ruthenium are provided. By such surface treatments by roughening or coating with chromium or ruthenium, the heat radiation of the current-carrying parts is increased, because the surface properties compared to untreated surfaces of the current-carrying parts either by increasing the surface roughening or by using a material with higher heat radiation coefficients such as chromium or ruthenium increases. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a cooling element is arranged on the outside of the housing of the vacuum interrupter heat-conductively connected to the housing components. Such a cooling element, for example in the form of a heat sink with cooling fins, which heat-conducting with the housing components, ie the metallic housing component or the
Schirmelement wärmeleitend verbunden angeordnet ist, ist eine Wärmeabfuhr der durch Wärmestrahlung von den Strom führenden Teilen an das Gehäusebauteil übertragenen Wärme in einfacher und wirksamer Weise verbessert. Shield element is arranged connected thermally conductively, a heat dissipation of the transmitted heat radiation from the current-carrying parts to the housing component heat is improved in a simple and effective manner.
Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vakuumschaltröhre. The invention further relates to a method for producing a vacuum interrupter.
Ein derartiges Verfahren ist ebenfalls aus dem landläufigen Stand der Technik bekannt und umfasst die Verfahrensschritte:Such a method is also known from the state of the art and comprises the method steps:
- Zusammenbauen von Bauteilen der Vakuumschaltröhre sowie- Assembling components of the vacuum interrupter as well
- Vakuumdichtes Verlöten des Gehäuses mit den Strom führenden Bauteilen . Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein derartiges- Vacuum-tight soldering of the housing with the current-carrying components. Object of the present invention is to provide such
Verfahren weiterzubilden, welches die Herstellung von Vakuumschaltröhren mit höherer Stromtragfähigkeit ermöglicht. Erfindungsgemäß gelöst wird diese Aufgabe dadurch, dass das Verfahren zur Herstellung der Vakuumschaltröhre vor den Verfahrensschritten des Zusammenbauens und vakuumdichten Verlö- tens eines Gehäuses mit Strom führenden Bauteilen den To further develop a method which allows the production of vacuum interrupters with higher current carrying capacity. This object is achieved according to the invention in that the method for producing the vacuum interrupter tube prior to the method steps of assembling and vacuum-sealing a housing with current-carrying components
Schritt: Step:
- Oberflächenbehandlung von Strom führenden Bauteilen zur Erhöhung der Wärmeabstrahlung umfasst. - Surface treatment of current-carrying components to increase the heat radiation includes.
Der Verfahrensschritt der Oberflächenbehandlung kann dabei durch Aufrauen oder durch Beschichten mit einem Material erhöhter Wärmeabstrahlungsfähigkeit durchgeführt werden. The process step of the surface treatment can be carried out by roughening or by coating with a material of increased heat radiation capability.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnung sowie eines Ausführungsbeispiels mit Bezug auf die beiliegenden Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen: Figur 1: ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vakuumschaltröhre; und The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing and an embodiment with reference to the accompanying figures. FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a vacuum interrupter according to the invention; and
Figur 2: ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vakuumschaltröhre. Figure 2: a second embodiment of a vacuum interrupter according to the invention.
Figur 1 zeigt eine Vakuumschaltröhre 1 mit einem Gehäuse 2, welches Isolierstoffgehäusebauteile 3 und 4 in Form von Figure 1 shows a vacuum interrupter 1 with a housing 2, which Isolierstoffgehäusbauteile 3 and 4 in the form of
Keramikzylindern aufweist, zwischen denen ein metallisches Gehäusebauteil 5 angeordnet ist. Das Gehäuse 2 umfasst wei- terhin einen ersten metallischen Deckel 6 sowie einen zweiten metallischen Deckel 7, so dass durch die Keramikzylinder 3 und 4, das metallische Gehäusebauteil 5 sowie den ersten metallischen Deckel 6 und den zweiten metallischen Deckel 7 als Gehäusebauteilen das Gehäuse der Vakuumschaltröhre 1 gebildet ist. Durch den ersten metallischen Deckel 6 vakuumdicht hindurchgeführt ist ein Festkontaktanschlussbolzen 8, welcher elektrisch leitend verbunden ist mit einem Festkontakt 9, durch den zweiten metallischen Deckel 7 erstreckt sich ein Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzen 10 mittels eines Faltenbalges 11 vakuumdicht beweglich ins Innere des Gehäuses 2 der Vakuumschaltröhre 1 und ist mit einem Bewegkontakt 12 elektrisch leitend verbunden. Der Festkontakt 9 und der Bewegkontakt 12 bilden ein Kontaktsystem 13 der Vakuumschaltröhre 1, welches im Ausführungsbeispiel im geschlossenen Zustand dargestellt ist, so dass über die Vakuumschaltröhre 1 ein Strom geführt werden kann, welcher durch Öffnen des Kontaktsystems 13 im Falle beispielsweise einer Störung in einem Energieversor- gungsnetz unterbrochen werden kann. Ein Lager 14 ist dabei zur Führung des Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzens 10 vorgesehen, wenn im Falle eines solchen Störfalles eine Bewegung des Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzens 10 zum Öffnen des Kontaktsystems 13 erfolgt. Ceramic cylinders, between which a metallic housing member 5 is arranged. The housing 2 furthermore comprises a first metallic cover 6 and a second metallic cover 7, so that the housing of the vacuum interrupter is formed by the ceramic cylinders 3 and 4, the metallic housing component 5 and the first metallic cover 6 and the second metallic cover 7 as housing components 1 is formed. Passed through the first metallic cover 6 in a vacuum-tight manner is a fixed contact connection pin 8, which is connected in an electrically conductive manner to a fixed contact 9, through which the second metallic cover 7 extends Moving contact connection pin 10 by means of a bellows 11 vacuum-tight movable inside the housing 2 of the vacuum interrupter 1 and is electrically connected to a moving contact 12. The fixed contact 9 and the moving contact 12 form a contact system 13 of the vacuum interrupter 1, which is shown in the embodiment in the closed state, so that on the vacuum interrupter 1, a current can be performed, which by opening the contact system 13 in the event of, for example, a fault in an energy supplier - can be interrupted. A bearing 14 is provided for guiding the Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzens 10, if in the event of such a malfunction, a movement of the Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzens 10 takes place to open the contact system 13.
Der Festkontaktanschlussbolzen 8, der Festkontakt 9, der Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzen 10 und der Bewegkontakt 12 bilden somit im geschlossenen Zustand des Kontaktsystems 13 Strom führende Teile, welche derart oberflächenbehandelt sind, dass sie eine erhöhte Wärmeabstrahlung aufweisen. Der Festkontakt 9 und der Festkontaktanschlussbolzen 8 weisen dazu im Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 1 eine Beschichtung 15 auf, der Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzen 10 sowie der Bewegkontakt 12 weisen ebenfalls eine Beschichtung 16 auf, welche vorzugsweise aus Chrom oder aus Ruthenium gebildet ist, wobei anstelle der Be- schichtungen 15 bzw. 16 auch ein Aufrauen der entsprechenden Oberflächen von Festkontaktanschlussbolzen 8, Festkontakt 9, Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzen 10 und Bewegkontakt 12 möglich ist, welches ebenso zu einer erhöhten Wärmeabstrahlung dieser Strom führenden Teile führt. Das metallische Gehäusebauteil 5 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer inneren Beschichtung 17 sowie einer äußeren Beschichtung 18 versehen, so dass die von den Strom führenden Teilen abgestrahlte Wärme am metallischen Gehäusebauteil 5 besser aufgenommen und nach außen abge- strahlt wird, da das metallische Gehäusebauteil 5 die oberflächenbehandelten Strom führenden Teile umgibt, so dass die dort abgestrahlte Wärme am metallischen Gehäusebauteil 5 gut aufgenommen wird. Die innere und äußere Beschichtung 17 bzw. 18 des metallischen Gehäusebauteiles 5 ist dabei optional, ebenso wie der im Ausführungsbeispiel gezeigte Kühlkörper 19, welcher anstelle der äußeren Beschichtung 18 oder zusätzlich zur äußeren Beschichtung 18 am metallischen Gehäusebauteil 5 wärmeleitend verbunden mit diesem angeordnet sein kann. The fixed contact terminal pin 8, the fixed contact 9, the Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzen 10 and the moving contact 12 thus form in the closed state of the contact system 13 current leading parts which are surface treated so that they have an increased heat radiation. The fixed contact 9 and the fixed contact connecting pin 8 have for this purpose in the embodiment of Figure 1 on a coating 15, the Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzen 10 and the moving contact 12 also have a coating 16 which is preferably formed of chromium or ruthenium, wherein instead of the coatings 15 or 16 also a roughening of the corresponding surfaces of fixed contact connection pin 8, fixed contact 9, Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzen 10 and moving contact 12 is possible, which also leads to increased heat radiation of these current-carrying parts. In the exemplary embodiment, the metallic housing component 5 is provided with an inner coating 17 and an outer coating 18, so that the heat radiated from the current-carrying parts is absorbed better on the metallic housing component 5 and emitted to the outside, since the metallic housing component 5 is the surface-treated one Current-carrying parts surrounds, so that the heat radiated there on the metal housing component 5 is well received. The inner and outer coating 17 or 18 of the metallic housing component 5 is optional, as well as the heat sink 19 shown in the embodiment, which instead of the outer coating 18 or in addition to the outer coating 18 on the metallic housing member 5 may be arranged thermally conductively connected thereto.
Figur 2 zeigt eine gegenüber der Vakuumschaltröhre 1 der Figur 1 geringfügig abgewandelte Vakuumschaltröhre 1λ, wobei Bauteile, welche bei der Vakuumschaltröhre 1 der Figur 1 dar- gestellt sind, mit gleichem Bezugszeichen versehen sind. Anstelle des metallischen Gehäusebauteiles 5 der Vakuumschaltröhre 1 der Figur 1, welches bei der Vakuumschaltröhre 1' der Figur 2 nicht vorgesehen ist, weist die Vakuumschaltröhre 1' ein Schirmelement 20 auf, welches zwischen den Keramikzylin- dern 3 und 4 des Gehäuses 2 der Vakuumschaltröhre 1' befestigt ist und im Inneren des Gehäuses 2 der Vakuumschaltröhre 1' angeordnet ist. Das Schirmelement 20, welches typischerweise aus einem Metall, beispielsweise Kupfer oder Edelstahl, gebildet ist, ist dabei dazu vorgesehen, den bei einem Figure 2 shows a relation to the vacuum interrupter 1 of Figure 1 slightly modified vacuum interrupter 1 λ , wherein components which are shown in the vacuum interrupter 1 of Figure 1 are provided with the same reference numerals. Instead of the metallic housing component 5 of the vacuum interrupter 1 of FIG. 1, which is not provided in the vacuum interrupter 1 'of FIG. 2, the vacuum interrupter 1' has a screen element 20 which is arranged between the ceramic cylinders 3 and 4 of the housing 2 of the vacuum interrupter 1 'Is fixed and inside the housing 2 of the vacuum interrupter 1' is arranged. The shielding element 20, which is typically formed of a metal, such as copper or stainless steel, is intended to be in a
Schaltvorgang des Kontaktsystems 13 auf Grund eines Lichtbogens entstehenden Metalldampf davon abzuhalten, sich auf den Keramikzylindern 3 bzw. 4 abzusetzen. Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 2 sind die Strom führenden Teile ebenfalls mit Be- schichtungen wie in der Figur 1 versehen. Das Schirmelement 20 weist ebenfalls eine optionale innere Beschichtung 21 auf und ist über eine Befestigung 22, welche zwischen den Switching operation of the contact system 13 to prevent due to an arc resulting metal vapor from settling on the ceramic cylinders 3 and 4 respectively. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the current-carrying parts are likewise provided with coatings as in FIG. The shielding element 20 also has an optional inner coating 21 and is connected by a fastener 22, which between the
Keramikzylindern 3 und 4 zur Befestigung des Schirmelementes 20 am Gehäuse 2 vorgesehen ist, mit einem ebenfalls optionalen, außen am Gehäuse angeordneten Kühlkörper 23 wärmeleitend verbunden. Ceramic cylinders 3 and 4 is provided for attachment of the shield member 20 on the housing 2, with a likewise optional, arranged outside the housing heat sink 23 connected thermally conductive.
Die oberflächenbehandelten Strom führenden Teile der Vakuumschaltröhren 1 bzw. 1' der Figuren 1 bzw. 2, welche eine erhöhte Wärmeabstrahlung dieser Strom führenden Teile ermögli- chen, führen somit zusammen mit den optionalen inneren Be- schichtungen des metallischen Gehäusebauteiles 5 bzw. des Schirmelementes 20 sowie den ebenfalls optionalen außen angeordneten Kühlkörpern 19 bzw. 23 zu einer insgesamt verbesser- ten Wärmeabfuhr der Vakuumschaltröhren 1 bzw. 1 woraus sich eine erhöhte Stromtragfähigkeit derartig ausgebildeter Vakuumschaltröhren ergibt. The surface-treated current-carrying parts of the vacuum interrupters 1 and 1 'of FIGS. 1 and 2, which enable increased heat radiation of these current-carrying parts, thus lead, together with the optional inner coatings of the metallic housing component 5 or shielding element 20 as well as the optionally also externally arranged heat sinks 19 and 23 to an overall improved Th heat dissipation of the vacuum interrupters 1 and 1, resulting in an increased current carrying capacity of such trained vacuum interrupters.
00
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1, i1 Vakuumschaltröhre 1, i 1 vacuum interrupter
2 Gehäuse  2 housings
3, 4 Keramikzylinder  3, 4 ceramic cylinders
5 metallisches Gehäusebauteil 5 metallic housing component
6 erster metallischer Deckel6 first metallic lid
7 zweiter metallischer Deckel7 second metallic lid
8 Festkontaktanschlussbolzen8 fixed contact connection bolts
9 Festkontakt 9 fixed contact
10 Bewegkontaktanschlussbolzen 10 moving contact connection bolts
11 Faltenbalg 11 bellows
12 Bewegkontakt  12 moving contact
13 KontaktSystem  13 contact system
14 Lager  14 bearings
15 Beschichtung  15 coating
16 Beschichtung  16 coating
17 innere Beschichtung  17 inner coating
18 äußere Beschichtung  18 outer coating
19 Kühlkörper  19 heat sink
20 Schirmelement  20 screen element
21 Beschichtung  21 coating
22 Befestigung  22 attachment
23 Kühlkörper  23 heat sink

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Vakuumschaltröhre (1, I mit einem aus Gehäusebauteilen (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 20) gebildeten Gehäuse (2) sowie im Inneren des Gehäuses angeordneten, in einem geschlossenen Zustand eines KontaktSystems (13) der Vakuumschaltröhre (1, I Strom führenden Teilen (8, 9, 10, 12), 1. vacuum interrupter (1, I with a housing components (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 20) formed housing (2) and arranged in the interior of the housing, in a closed state of a contact system (13) of the vacuum interrupter (1, I current carrying parts (8, 9, 10, 12),
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Strom führenden Teile (8, 9, 10, 12) derart oberflächen- behandelt sind, dass sie eine erhöhte Wärmeabstrahlung aufweisen . That is, the current-carrying parts (8, 9, 10, 12) are surface-treated such that they have increased heat radiation.
2. Vakuumschaltröhre (1, IM nach Anspruch 1, 2. vacuum interrupter (1, IM according to claim 1,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Gehäusebauteile (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 20) ein zwischen Isolierstoff-Gehäusebauteilen (3, 4) angeordnetes metallisches For example, the housing components (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 20) are a metallic one arranged between insulating housing components (3, 4)
Gehäusebauteil (5) , welches das Kontaktsystem (13) umgibt, umfassen . Housing member (5) surrounding the contact system (13) include.
3. Vakuumschaltröhre (1, IM nach Anspruch 1, 3. vacuum interrupter (1, IM according to claim 1,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Gehäusebauteile (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 20) ein zwischen Isolierstoff-Gehäusebauteilen (3, 4) befestigtes Schirmelement (20), welches das KontaktSystem (13) umgibt, umfassen. The housing components (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 20) comprise a shield element (20) which is fastened between insulating housing components (3, 4) and surrounds the contact system (13).
4. Vakuumschaltröhre (1, IM nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, 4. vacuum interrupter (1, IM according to one of claims 1 to 3,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Gehäusebauteile (5, 6, 7, 20) derart oberflächenbehandelt sind, dass sie eine erhöhte Wärmeabstrahlung aufweisen. For example, the housing components (5, 6, 7, 20) are surface treated such that they have increased heat dissipation.
5. Vakuumschaltröhre (1, IM nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, 5. vacuum interrupter (1, IM according to one of claims 1 to 4,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Oberflächen aufgeraut sind. The surfaces are roughened.
6. Vakuumschaltröhre (1, IM nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Oberflächen beschichtet sind. 6. vacuum interrupter (1, IM according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the surfaces are coated.
7. Vakuumschaltröhre (1, I nach Anspruch 6, 7. Vacuum interrupter (1, I according to claim 6,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s das Material der Beschichtung Chrom aufweist. The material of the coating comprises chromium.
8. Vakuumschaltröhre (1, I nach Anspruch 6, 8. vacuum interrupter (1, I according to claim 6,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s das Material der Beschichtung Ruthenium aufweist. The material of the coating comprises ruthenium.
9. Vakuumschaltröhre (1, IM nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, 9. vacuum interrupter (1, IM according to one of claims 1 to 8,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s außen am Gehäuse (2) der Vakuumschaltröhre (1, IM ein Kühlelement (19, 23) wärmeleitend mit den Gehäusebauteilen (5, 20) verbunden angeordnet ist. d a d u r c h g e k e n e e s e s e, e s s outside the housing (2) of the vacuum interrupter (1, IM a cooling element (19, 23) heat-conductively connected to the housing components (5, 20) is arranged.
10. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vakuumschaltröhre (1, IM, welches vor den Verfahrensschritten des Zusammenbauens und vakuumdichten Verlötens eines Gehäuses (2) mit Strom führenden Teilen (8, 9, 10, 12) den Schritt: 10. A method for producing a vacuum interrupter (1, IM, which prior to the steps of assembling and vacuum-sealing a housing (2) with current-carrying parts (8, 9, 10, 12) the step:
- Oberflächenbehandlung von Strom führenden Teilen (8, 9, 10, 12) zur Erhöhung der Wärmeabstrahlung  - Surface treatment of current carrying parts (8, 9, 10, 12) to increase the heat dissipation
umfasst. includes.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, 11. The method according to claim 10,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s der Schritt der Oberflächenbehandlung durch Aufrauen ausge- führt wird. The surface treatment step is performed by roughening.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, 12. The method according to claim 10,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s der Schritt der Oberflächenbehandlung durch Beschichten aus- geführt wird. The surface treatment step is carried out by coating.
EP15725315.4A 2014-06-20 2015-05-26 Vacuum switch and method of production thereof Active EP3134912B1 (en)

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DE102014211855.7A DE102014211855A1 (en) 2014-06-20 2014-06-20 Vacuum interrupter and method of making a vacuum interrupter
PCT/EP2015/061568 WO2015193065A1 (en) 2014-06-20 2015-05-26 Vacuum fault interrupter and method for producing a vacuum fault interrupter

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WO2019115177A1 (en) * 2017-12-11 2019-06-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Shield element for a vacuum interrupter
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