EP3131678B1 - Roller press with symmetrical drive - Google Patents

Roller press with symmetrical drive Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3131678B1
EP3131678B1 EP15716535.8A EP15716535A EP3131678B1 EP 3131678 B1 EP3131678 B1 EP 3131678B1 EP 15716535 A EP15716535 A EP 15716535A EP 3131678 B1 EP3131678 B1 EP 3131678B1
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Prior art keywords
roller
grinding
pressure roller
drive
power output
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EP15716535.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3131678A1 (en
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Dieter Brendler
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KHD Humboldt Wedag AG
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KHD Humboldt Wedag AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • B02C4/42—Driving mechanisms; Roller speed control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure roller press for crushing brittle material, comprising a first grinding roller and a second grinding roller, wherein at least one grinding roller is a Loswalze, which is movably mounted in a machine frame, and wherein at least one grinding roller has an electric drive.
  • the grinding rollers For these high-pressure roller presses to achieve a throughput of a few thousand tons per day, the grinding rollers have a diameter of more than three meters and a width of 90 cm to several meters.
  • the grinding roller of such a high-pressure roller press is usually made of a forged steel shaft, which is coated with a bandage with a specially machined surface, wherein the bandage is also made of a special steel.
  • Such a grinding roller may have a volume of well over 10 m 3 and therefore weighs the grinding roller of a high-pressure roller press up to 100 t and more.
  • High-pressure roller presses of the known type are used with different structure.
  • a grinding roller in a high-pressure roller press is a hard roller, that is, this does not move relative to the machine frame.
  • a second grinding roller is usually designed as a Loswalze and can execute evasive movements within the machine frame, which leads to an enlargement of the nip between the two grinding rollers.
  • Other embodiments even provide two loose rollers in which both grinding rollers can perform a compensating movement. But not only the mechanical suspension of the grinding rollers differs between different high-pressure roller presses.
  • the simplest drive provides a motorized movement of the hard roller, wherein the Loswalze is pulled along on the pressure and the ground material.
  • This type of high pressure crushing still has by the passive roller on a low relative slip with the effect that the material to be ground undergoes a shear stress whereby the wear of the grinding rollers is greater than in grinding rollers having a double-sided drive.
  • slippage can be sufficiently prevented by precise speed control.
  • high-pressure roller presses with very heavy grinding rollers and a correspondingly high throughput capacity correspondingly large motors are used, which drive the grinding rollers on one side.
  • a disadvantage of the large engines is the high price, because electric motors with very high performance are usually made as a single piece, and possibly require a high manual effort to assemble the items.
  • Another disadvantage is the experience that the one-sided drive tends to form a wedge-shaped nip.
  • the Motors transmit an asymmetric "walking motion" on the idler roller, which occurs even when the roller is driven unilaterally. It is assumed in the context of this application that the very strong torque is converted into a rotational movement in the machine frame via not yet clarified leverage.
  • the driven idler roller experiences a Coriolis force due to vibrations in the machine frame or due to the asymmetric load distribution due to the unilaterally attached and very heavy drive, which leads to a rotation of the idler roller about a vertical axis and thus opens the nip.
  • Another possible explanation would be that the mass of the heavy electric drive due to the inertia makes the grinding roller one-sided, so that it tends to asymmetric compensatory movements.
  • German publication DE 37 31 934 A1 discloses a two-roll machine, which is equipped with two drive motors per roller, the drive motors attack each side of the roll shaft.
  • the paired drive motors require synchronization because otherwise one of the drive motors could be overloaded, while the other drive motor is underloaded. It can also happen that the load between the paired drive motors changes recurrently and this load change can even lead to vibrations of the two-roll machine.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a high-pressure roller press, which allows a particularly symmetrical load distribution between paired drive motors.
  • the drives are each a grinding roller synchronized with each other with respect to the power output
  • the high-pressure roller press comprises a device which is adapted to the power output between an existing between the drive and the respective grinding roller
  • the device for measuring the power output on the decrease in torque via a torque transducer determines the speed.
  • the high-pressure roller press comprises a device for measuring the power output via the decrease of the torque via a torque pickup and the rotational speed.
  • a high-pressure roller press with Loswalzenwalze is provided that the Loswalze is accommodated in the machine frame at each end of the roll in bearing blocks, which are each mounted slidably on a sliding frame.
  • the first and the second grinding roller each have two electric drives with the same nominal power to each side of the roll ends. In this way, a four-sided drive of the high-pressure roller press, which leads to a self-centering of the Nip tends. Elaborate and energy as well as regulatory effort consuming quadrant controls for hydraulics for centering the nip can be avoided at least but smaller dimensions.
  • the drives are each a grinding roller synchronized with each other in relation to the power output. It is not intended to synchronize the power consumption, but the power output. Since larger electric motors are still partly manufactured individually today and therefore also have a certain tolerance of the efficiency of the conversion of electrical power into torque, the synchronization of the power output is particularly advantageous, it wants only the most symmetrical load distribution is achieved.
  • the drives rigidly interconnected by the roller itself deliver as high a power as possible and therefore exert an equal torque on the grinding rollers on both sides.
  • a grinding roller for obtaining the rotational speed has to apply a much higher torque, for example because the fresh product rests on the corresponding grinding roller, whereas, for example, on the other grinding roller hardly any fresh food and therefore this grinding roller can rotate with less resistance.
  • the intake behavior of the different grinding rollers may be different, which is particularly the case when a grinding roller, for example, has a damage in the form of an outbreak of the reinforcement with hard bodies at one point.
  • the disadvantages of the prior art namely the tendency for one-sided opening of the nip, advantageously to use.
  • the synchronization of the power output upon detection of a roll misalignment of the Loswalze is suppressed, so that the drive is more heavily loaded, which is present at the end of the grinding roller, which forms the opening gap of the nip.
  • a device measures the power output between a transmission and grinding roller provided between the drive and the respective grinding roller, the device for measuring the power output Power output determined by the decrease in torque via a torque transducer and the speed. The power output is thus determined by the product of speed and torque, the torque between the gear and grinding roller is removed.
  • the measurement via the torque pick-up and not indirectly via the power consumption has the advantage of particularly precise measurement and compensation of the power output between the various drives.
  • a device in continuous operation of the roller press the difference between electrical power consumption and the mechanical power output of each drive a grinding roller between two drives ever a grinding roller compares with each other and predefined deviation of this difference between two drives, the device triggers a signal to indicate a suspected malfunction.
  • the measurement and tracking of the difference between the power consumption of a drive and the actual power output early detects a malfunction or imminent damage, which is particularly advantageous because in a unilaterally damaged drive the corresponding second drive could be affected by overloading.
  • FIG. 1 is a high-pressure roller press 1 of the prior art shown, in which a hard roller 2 and a Loswalze 3 is present.
  • the hard roller 2 which does not move relative to the machine frame 4 is driven via a gear 5 by a powerful electric motor 6.
  • the Loswalze 3 can also assume misalignment by the storage of the recorded in the machine frame 4 bearing blocks, which are not shown here.
  • the idler roller 3 via unknown force transmissions, tends to assume a misalignment, as indicated by dashed lines. This misalignment must be compensated by appropriate hydraulic control, so that the nip 7 remains uniformly wide and therefore over the entire nip 7, a uniform crushing result is achieved.
  • FIG. 2 Another type of high-pressure roller press 10 of the prior art is in FIG. 2 displayed.
  • both the hard roller 12 as also the Loswalze 13 via smaller sized gear 15, 15 'and electric motors 16, 16' driven.
  • this high-pressure roller press 10 tends to take a misalignment during operation, as indicated by dashed lines.
  • the high-pressure roller press 10 is off FIG. 2 in a perspective view with marked axes of rotation A, B and C shown to demonstrate how Coriolis forces can act on the Loswalze 13, through which the undesired misalignment is generated.
  • the rotation about axis B with a very high value of the angular momentum due to the high dead weight of the idler roll 13 and an asymmetric movement of extremely low amplitude about the axis of rotation A can produce a rotation about the vertical axis C, which leads to the Loswalze 13 for Slant tends and thereby forms an opening gap in the nip.
  • FIG. 4 Therefore, an inventive configuration of the drive of a high-pressure roller press 20 according to the invention is shown.
  • Hard roller 22 and Loswalze 23 are both driven by a drive pair 28, 28 'and 29, 29', which is synchronized in an advantageous manner so that two corresponding drives 28 and 28 'and 29 and 29' on each of a grinding roller 22 and 23 learn a synchronization of the torque and / or the power.
  • the two drive pairs 28, 28 'and 29, 29' are synchronized with each other via the rotational speed.
  • the synchronization takes place advantageously by the use of frequency-controlled motors, which can be precisely controlled by a corresponding inverter speed
  • High-pressure roll press 2 fixed roll 15, 15 ' transmission 3 floating roll 16, 16 ' drive 4 machine frame 5 transmission 20 Hochlichwalzenprersse 6 drive 22 fixed roll 7 nip 23 floating roll 10 High-pressure roll press 24 machine frame 12 fixed roll 28, 28 ' drive 13 floating roll 29, 29 ' drive

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hochdruckwalzenpresse zur Zerkleinerung von sprödem Mahlgut, aufweisend eine erste Mahlwalze und eine zweite Mahlwalze, wobei mindestens eine Mahlwalze eine Loswalze ist, die in einem Maschinenrahmen beweglich gelagert ist, und wobei mindestens eine Mahlwalze einen elektrischen Antrieb aufweist.The invention relates to a high-pressure roller press for crushing brittle material, comprising a first grinding roller and a second grinding roller, wherein at least one grinding roller is a Loswalze, which is movably mounted in a machine frame, and wherein at least one grinding roller has an electric drive.

Zur Zerkleinerung von sprödem Mahlgut ist es bekannt, das Mahlgut durch eine Hochdruckbehandlung unter Vermeidung einer Scherbeanspruchung zu zerkleinern. Diese Art der Zerkleinerung unterscheidet sich von der bekannten Zerkleinerung mit Mühlsteinen eben durch die Abwesenheit oder zumindest durch die Verringerung der Scherbeanspruchung. Diese Art der Zerkleinerung ermöglicht eine gegenüber der scherenden Vermahlung sehr energieeffiziente Zerkleinerung. Hochdruckwalzenpressen zur Zerkleinerung von Mahlgut dieser Art wurden erstmals von Schönert et al. in der in der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE2708053A1 offenbart. Für industrielle Verfahren werden nach dem dort beschriebenen Prinzip Hochdruckrollenpressen zur Zerkleinerung von Zementrohmehl, Zementklinker, Erzen, aber auch von Kohle entwickelt. Damit diese Hochdruckrollenpressen einen Durchsatz von einigen tausend Tonnen pro Tag erreichen, haben die Mahlwalzen einen Durchmesser von bis zu über drei Metern und eine breite von 90 cm bis mehreren Metern. Die Mahlwalze einer solchen Hochdruckrollenpresse besteht dabei in der Regel aus einer geschmiedeten Welle aus Stahl, die mit einer Bandage mit einer besonders bearbeiteten Oberfläche ummantelt ist, wobei die Bandage ebenfalls aus einem besonderen Stahl besteht. Eine solche Mahlwalze kann ein Volumen von deutlich über 10 m3 aufweisen und daher wiegt die Mahlwalze einer Hochdruckrollenpresse bis zu 100 t und mehr.For the comminution of brittle grinding stock, it is known to comminute the material to be ground by high-pressure treatment while avoiding a shear stress. This type of comminution differs from the known comminution with millstones just by the absence or at least by reducing the shear stress. This type of crushing allows a very energy-efficient crushing compared to the shearing grinding. High-pressure roller presses for the comminution of millbase of this type were first described by Schönert et al. in the German published patent application DE2708053A1 disclosed. For industrial processes, high pressure roller presses are developed according to the principle described there for the comminution of cement raw meal, cement clinker, ores, but also of coal. For these high-pressure roller presses to achieve a throughput of a few thousand tons per day, the grinding rollers have a diameter of more than three meters and a width of 90 cm to several meters. The grinding roller of such a high-pressure roller press is usually made of a forged steel shaft, which is coated with a bandage with a specially machined surface, wherein the bandage is also made of a special steel. Such a grinding roller may have a volume of well over 10 m 3 and therefore weighs the grinding roller of a high-pressure roller press up to 100 t and more.

Zum Antrieb der Hochdruckrollenpressen sind daher sehr leistungsfähige Elektromotoren notwendig. Hochdruckrollenpressen der bekannten Art werden mit unterschiedlichem Aufbau eingesetzt. In der Regel ist eine Mahlwalze in einer Hochdruckrollenpresse eine Festwalze, das heißt diese bewegt sich nicht gegenüber dem Maschinenrahmen. Eine zweite Mahlwalze ist in der Regel als Loswalze ausgeführt und kann innerhalb des Maschinenrahmens Ausweichbewegungen ausführen, die zu einer Vergrößerung des Walzenspaltes zwischen den beiden Mahlwalzen führt. Andere Ausgestaltungen sehen sogar zwei Loswalzen vor, in denen beide Mahlwalzen eine Ausgleichsbewegung durchführen können. Aber nicht nur die mechanische Aufhängung der Mahlwalzen unterscheidet sich zwischen unterschiedlichen Hochdruckrollenpressen. Es sind auch unterschiedliche Antriebskonzepte für Hochdruckwalzenpressen bekannt. Der einfachste Antrieb sieht eine motorische Bewegung der Festwalze vor, wobei die Loswalze über den Andruck und das Mahlgut mitgezogen wird. Diese Art der Hochdruckzerkleinerung weist durch die Passivwalze immer noch einen geringen relativen Schlupf mit der Wirkung auf, dass das Mahlgut eine Scherbeanspruchung erfährt wodurch der Verschleiß der Mahlwalzen größer ist als bei Mahlwalzen, die einen beidseitigen Antrieb aufweisen. Bei beidseitigen Antrieben, besonders solche für sehr schwere Mahlwalzen, lässt sich der Schlupf durch eine präzise Drehzahlsteuerung in ausreichendem Maße vermeiden. Gerade in Hochdruckrollenpressen mit sehr schweren Mahlwalzen und einer entsprechenden hohen Durchsatzleistung werden entsprechend große Motoren eingesetzt, welche die Mahlwalzen einseitig antreiben. Nachteilig an den großen Motoren ist der hohe Preis, weil Elektromotoren mit sehr hoher Leistung in der Regel als Einzelstück angefertigt werden, und gegebenenfalls einen hohen manuellen Aufwand zum Zusammenbau der Einzelteile erfordern. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist die Erfahrung, dass der einseitige Antrieb dazu neigt, einen keilförmigen Walzenspalt auszubilden. Die Motoren übertragen eine asymmetrische "Wanderbewegung" auf die Loswalze, die sogar auftritt, wenn die Festwalze einseitig angetrieben wird. Es wird im Rahmen dieser Anmeldung vermutet, dass das sehr starke Drehmoment über nicht abschließend geklärte Hebelwirkung im Maschinenrahmen in eine Drehbewegung umgewandelt wird. Eine Erklärung könnte sein, dass die angetriebene Loswalze über Vibrationen im Maschinenrahmen oder über die asymmetrische Lastverteilung aufgrund des einseitig angehängten und sehr schweren Antriebs eine Corioliskraft erfährt, welche zu einer Drehung der Loswalze um eine vertikale Achse führt und damit den Walzenspalt öffnet. Eine andere mögliche Erklärung wäre, dass die Masse des schweren elektrischen Antriebes aufgrund der Trägheit die Mahlwalze einseitig behäbig macht, so dass diese zu asymmetrischen Ausgleichsbewegungen neigt.To drive the high-pressure roller presses very powerful electric motors are therefore necessary. High-pressure roller presses of the known type are used with different structure. In general, a grinding roller in a high-pressure roller press is a hard roller, that is, this does not move relative to the machine frame. A second grinding roller is usually designed as a Loswalze and can execute evasive movements within the machine frame, which leads to an enlargement of the nip between the two grinding rollers. Other embodiments even provide two loose rollers in which both grinding rollers can perform a compensating movement. But not only the mechanical suspension of the grinding rollers differs between different high-pressure roller presses. There are also different drive concepts for high-pressure roller presses known. The simplest drive provides a motorized movement of the hard roller, wherein the Loswalze is pulled along on the pressure and the ground material. This type of high pressure crushing still has by the passive roller on a low relative slip with the effect that the material to be ground undergoes a shear stress whereby the wear of the grinding rollers is greater than in grinding rollers having a double-sided drive. In the case of drives on both sides, especially those for very heavy grinding rollers, slippage can be sufficiently prevented by precise speed control. Especially in high-pressure roller presses with very heavy grinding rollers and a correspondingly high throughput capacity correspondingly large motors are used, which drive the grinding rollers on one side. A disadvantage of the large engines is the high price, because electric motors with very high performance are usually made as a single piece, and possibly require a high manual effort to assemble the items. Another disadvantage is the experience that the one-sided drive tends to form a wedge-shaped nip. The Motors transmit an asymmetric "walking motion" on the idler roller, which occurs even when the roller is driven unilaterally. It is assumed in the context of this application that the very strong torque is converted into a rotational movement in the machine frame via not yet clarified leverage. One explanation could be that the driven idler roller experiences a Coriolis force due to vibrations in the machine frame or due to the asymmetric load distribution due to the unilaterally attached and very heavy drive, which leads to a rotation of the idler roller about a vertical axis and thus opens the nip. Another possible explanation would be that the mass of the heavy electric drive due to the inertia makes the grinding roller one-sided, so that it tends to asymmetric compensatory movements.

Bei Hochdruckwalzenpressen, die über die Festwalze angetrieben werden, wären diese Erklärungen aber nicht ausreichend. Es muss eine weitere, unbekannte Ursache für diese Neigung in der Hochdruckwalzenpresse vorliegen.For high-pressure roller presses, which are driven by the fixed roller, these explanations would not be sufficient. There must be another, unknown cause of this tendency in the high-pressure roll press.

In der Deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 37 31 934 A1 wird eine Zweiwalzenmaschine offenbart, die mit je zwei Antriebsmotoren pro Walze ausgestattet ist, wobei die Antriebsmotoren zu je einer Seite der Walzenwelle angreifen. Die gepaarten Antriebsmotoren erfordern jedoch eine Synchronisation, da ansonsten einer der Antriebsmotoren überlastet werden könnte, der andere Antriebsmotor hingegen mit einer Unterlast arbeitet. Auch kann es passieren, dass die Last zwischen den gepaarten Antriebsmotoren wiederkehrend wechselt und dieser Lastwechsel sogar zu Schwingungen der Zweiwalzenmaschine führen kann.In the German publication DE 37 31 934 A1 discloses a two-roll machine, which is equipped with two drive motors per roller, the drive motors attack each side of the roll shaft. However, the paired drive motors require synchronization because otherwise one of the drive motors could be overloaded, while the other drive motor is underloaded. It can also happen that the load between the paired drive motors changes recurrently and this load change can even lead to vibrations of the two-roll machine.

In der Veröffentlichung der internationalen Patentanmeldung WO 03/076 172 A1 wird das zuvor genannte Prinzip der gepaarten Antriebsmotoren aufgenommen und die Antriebsmotoren sind über eine dort elektrische Welle genannte Vorrichtung miteinander gekoppelt. Die elektrische Welle soll für eine gleichmäßige Drehmomentverteilung sorgen. Diese Synchronisation über eine elektrische Welle ist eine indirekte Drehmomentmessung über die Messung der elektrischen Leistungsaufnahme der Antriebsmotoren oder über die Messung eines Schlupfes des Rotors gegenüber der Phase der elektrischen Stromversorgung. Diese indirekte Messung ist geeignet für im Wesentlichen gleichmäßig belastete Walzen oder Pressen. Bei Hochdruckwalzenpressen ist eine gleichmäßige Beschickung des Walzenspaltes zwar erwünscht, tatsächlich aber ist dies nicht der Fall. Außerdem ist die Regelung der Walzenspaltbeschickung, also der Menge des aufgegebenen Mahlguts pro Zeiteinheit, aufgrund der Fluktuation der Eigenschaften des Mahlguts nicht immer gewährleistet.In the publication of the international patent application WO 03/076 172 A1 the aforementioned principle of the paired drive motors is recorded and the drive motors are coupled to each other via a device called there electrical shaft. The electric shaft should ensure a uniform torque distribution. This synchronization via an electric shaft is an indirect torque measurement via the measurement of the electrical Power consumption of the drive motors or via the measurement of a slip of the rotor relative to the phase of the electrical power supply. This indirect measurement is suitable for essentially evenly loaded rolls or presses. In high-pressure roll presses, a uniform loading of the nip is desired, but in fact this is not the case. In addition, the control of the nip loading, so the amount of abandoned ground material per unit time, due to the fluctuation of the properties of the ground material is not always guaranteed.

In der Europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 1 147 815 A2 wird eine Zweiwalzenmaschine in einem Schwenkrahmen offenbart. Diese weist in verschieblich gelagerten Lagerböcken gelagerte Mahlwalzen auf.In the European patent application EP 1 147 815 A2 a two-roll machine is disclosed in a swing frame. This has mounted in displaceably mounted bearing blocks on grinding rollers.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Hochdruckwalzenpresse zur Verfügung zu stellen, die eine besonders symmetrische Lastverteilung zwischen gepaarten Antriebsmotoren ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to provide a high-pressure roller press, which allows a particularly symmetrical load distribution between paired drive motors.

Die der Erfindung zu Grunde liegende Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass die Antriebe je einer Mahlwalze miteinander in Bezug auf die Leistungsabgabe synchronisiert sind, wobei die Hochdruckwalzenpresse eine Vorrichtung umfasst, die dafür ausgelegt ist, die Leistungsabgabe zwischen einem zwischen dem Antrieb und der jeweiligen Mahlwalze vorhandenen Getriebe und Mahlwalze zu messen, wobei die Vorrichtung zur Messung der Leistungsabgabe über die Abnahme des Drehmoments über einen Drehmomentabnehmer und über die Drehzahl bestimmt. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object underlying the invention is achieved in that the drives are each a grinding roller synchronized with each other with respect to the power output, wherein the high-pressure roller press comprises a device which is adapted to the power output between an existing between the drive and the respective grinding roller To measure transmission and grinding roller, the device for measuring the power output on the decrease in torque via a torque transducer and determines the speed. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Nach der Erfindung ist also vorgesehen, auf beiden Seiten der Mahlwalzen einen Antrieb vorzusehen, wobei die Hochdruckwalzenpresse eine Vorrichtung umfasst zur Messung der Leistungsabgabe über die Abnahme des Drehmoments über einen Drehmomentabnehmer und über die Drehzahl. Überraschender Weise wurde festgestellt, dass die Neigung der Hochdruckwalzenpresse zur einseitigen Öffnung des Walzenspalts durch den Einsatz von Antrieben zu beiden Enden der Walzenpresse verringert und bei absolut symmetrischem Aufbau sogar komplett vermieden werden kann. Der symmetrische Einsatz von Antrieben verringert die Neigung der Hochdruckwalzenpresse zur einseitigen Öffnung des Walzenspaltes nicht nur bei Hochdruckwalzenpressen mit einer angetriebenen Loswalze oder bei zwei angetriebenen Loswalzen, sondern auch bei einer Hochdruckwalzenpresse mit einer angetriebenen Festwalze. Der Einsatz von zwei Antrieben zu je einem Ende der Mahlwalzen führt aber auch zu einem weiteren, nicht unbedingt vorhersehbaren Vorteil. Es ist wirtschaftlich günstiger, zwei Antriebe mit halber Leistung und zwei Getriebe mit halber Nennleistung einzusetzen, als einen Antrieb, der die gesamte Antriebsleistung erbringen muss gepaart mit einem entsprechend ausgelegten Getriebe. Der einzige Nachteil, der in Kauf genommen werden muss, ist, dass die Hochdruckwalzenpresse zu beiden Seiten einen elektrischen Antrieb aufweist, wodurch bei Wartung der Hochdruckrollenpresse das Entfernen der Mahlwalzen gegebenenfalls aufwändiger wird, weil zwei Getriebe gelöst werden müssen. Andererseits ist die Handhabung von kleineren Motoren und kleineren Getrieben mit Hilfsmitteln, wie Kränen und Hebemaschinen weit einfacher, wenn diese bei der derzeitigen erforderlichen Leistungsstufe nur halb so groß dimensioniert werden müssen. Das Gesamtgewicht der Hochdruckrollenpresse verringert sich, weil sich das Leistungs- zu Gewichtsverhältnis eines leistungsstarken Antriebes aufgrund der notwendigen größeren Antriebsachsen und Getriebe nicht unbedingt erwünscht zu Gunsten der Antriebsleistung, sondern meist unerwünscht zu Gunsten des Gewichts erhöht.According to the invention, it is therefore provided to provide a drive on both sides of the grinding rollers, wherein the high-pressure roller press comprises a device for measuring the power output via the decrease of the torque via a torque pickup and the rotational speed. Surprisingly, it has been found that the inclination of the high-pressure roller press for one-sided opening of the nip by the use of drives to both ends of the Roller press reduced and even completely symmetrical construction can be avoided. The symmetrical use of drives reduces the tendency of the high-pressure roller press for unilateral opening of the nip not only in high-pressure roller presses with a driven Loswalze or two driven Loswalzen, but also in a high-pressure roller press with a driven hard roller. The use of two drives to one end of the grinding rollers but also leads to another, not necessarily predictable advantage. It is more economical to use two half-power drives and two half-rated drives than a drive that has to provide all the drive power coupled with a suitably designed gearbox. The only drawback that must be taken into account is that the high-pressure roll press has an electric drive on both sides, whereby the maintenance of the high-pressure roller press, the removal of the grinding rollers may be more expensive because two gearboxes must be solved. On the other hand, the handling of smaller engines and smaller gearboxes with tools such as cranes and hoists is far easier if they need to be half the size of the current required power level. The total weight of the high-pressure roller press is reduced because the power to weight ratio of a high-performance drive due to the necessary larger drive axles and gear not necessarily desirable in favor of the drive power, but usually undesirably increased in favor of weight.

Bei einer Hochdruckrollenpresse mit Loswalzenwalze ist vorgesehen, dass die Loswalze im Maschinenrahmen an jedem Walzenende in Lagerblöcken aufgenommen ist, welche jeweils auf einem Gleitrahmen verschieblich gelagert sind. In besonderer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die erste und die zweite Mahlwalze jeweils zwei elektrische Antriebe mit gleicher Nennleistung zu je beiden Seiten der Walzenenden aufweisen. Auf diese Weise entsteht ein vierseitiger Antrieb der Hochdruckwalzenpresse, die zu einer Selbstzentrierung des Walzenspaltes neigt. Aufwändige und Energie sowie Regelungsaufwand zehrende Quadrantensteuerungen für Hydrauliken zur Zentrierung des Walzenspaltes können dadurch vermieden zumindest aber geringer dimensioniert werden.In a high-pressure roller press with Loswalzenwalze is provided that the Loswalze is accommodated in the machine frame at each end of the roll in bearing blocks, which are each mounted slidably on a sliding frame. In a particular embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the first and the second grinding roller each have two electric drives with the same nominal power to each side of the roll ends. In this way, a four-sided drive of the high-pressure roller press, which leads to a self-centering of the Nip tends. Elaborate and energy as well as regulatory effort consuming quadrant controls for hydraulics for centering the nip can be avoided at least but smaller dimensions.

Um die Antriebe gering dimensionieren zu können, ist vorgesehen, dass die Antriebe je einer Mahlwalze miteinander in Bezug auf die Leistungsabgabe synchronisiert sind. Es ist nicht vorgesehen, die Leistungsaufnahme zu synchronisieren, sondern die Leistungsabgabe. Da größere Elektromotoren auch heute noch zum Teil einzeln gefertigt werden und daher auch eine gewisse Toleranz der Effizienz der Umwandlung von elektrischer Leistung in Drehmoment aufweisen, ist die Synchronisation der Leistungsabgabe besonders vorteilhaft, will dadurch erst die besonders symmetrische Lastverteilung erzielt wird.To be able to dimension the drives small, it is provided that the drives are each a grinding roller synchronized with each other in relation to the power output. It is not intended to synchronize the power consumption, but the power output. Since larger electric motors are still partly manufactured individually today and therefore also have a certain tolerance of the efficiency of the conversion of electrical power into torque, the synchronization of the power output is particularly advantageous, it wants only the most symmetrical load distribution is achieved.

Es ist vorgesehen, dass die durch die Walze selbst starr miteinander verbundenen Antriebe eine möglichst gleich hohe Leistung abgeben und von daher zu beiden Seiten ein gleiches Drehmoment auf die Mahlwalzen ausüben. Bei asymmetrischer Beaufschlagung des Walzenspaltes mit Frischgut kann es passieren, dass eine Mahlwalze für den Erhalt der Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit ein weit höheres Drehmoment aufbringen muss, weil beispielsweise auf der korrespondierenden Mahlwalze das Frischgut aufliegt, wogegen beispielsweise auf der anderen Mahlwalze kaum Frischgut liegt und sich daher diese Mahlwalze mit weniger Widerstand drehen kann. Auch kann das Einzugsverhalten der verschiedenen Mahlwalzen unterschiedlich sein, was besonders dann der Fall ist, wenn eine Mahlwalze beispielsweise eine Beschädigung in Form eines Ausbruchs der Bewehrung mit Hartkörpern an einer Stelle aufweist.It is envisaged that the drives rigidly interconnected by the roller itself deliver as high a power as possible and therefore exert an equal torque on the grinding rollers on both sides. In asymmetric loading of the nip with fresh material, it may happen that a grinding roller for obtaining the rotational speed has to apply a much higher torque, for example because the fresh product rests on the corresponding grinding roller, whereas, for example, on the other grinding roller hardly any fresh food and therefore this grinding roller can rotate with less resistance. Also, the intake behavior of the different grinding rollers may be different, which is particularly the case when a grinding roller, for example, has a damage in the form of an outbreak of the reinforcement with hard bodies at one point.

In besonderer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, die Nachteile aus dem Stand der Technik, nämlich die Neigung zur einseitigen Öffnung des Walzenspaltes, vorteilhaft zu nutzen. Dazu ist vorgesehen, dass die Synchronisation der Leistungsabgabe bei Detektion einer Walzenschiefstellung der Loswalze unterdrückt wird, so dass der Antrieb stärker belastet wird, der an dem Ende der Mahlwalze vorliegt, das den Öffnungsspalt des Walzenspaltes ausbildet. Durch die einseitige Belastung oder durch die asymmetrische Belastung der Antriebe kann somit einer Walzenschiefstellung mit überraschender Dynamik begegnet werden.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the disadvantages of the prior art, namely the tendency for one-sided opening of the nip, advantageously to use. For this purpose, it is provided that the synchronization of the power output upon detection of a roll misalignment of the Loswalze is suppressed, so that the drive is more heavily loaded, which is present at the end of the grinding roller, which forms the opening gap of the nip. By the one-sided load or by the asymmetric load of the drives can thus be countered a roll misalignment with surprising dynamics.

Um die Leistungsabgabe möglichst direkt zu messen, und nicht die Leistungsabgabe mittelbar über die Leistungsaufnahme zu bestimmen, ist vorgehsehen, dass eine Vorrichtung die Leistungsabgabe zwischen einem zwischen dem Antrieb und der jeweiligen Mahlwalze vorhandenen Getriebe und Mahlwalze misst, wobei die Vorrichtung zur Messung der Leistungsabgabe die Leistungsabgabe über die Abnahme des Drehmoments über einen Drehmomentabnehmer und über die Drehzahl bestimmt. Die Leistungsabgabe wird somit bestimmt durch das Produkt aus Drehzahl und Drehmoment, wobei das Drehmoment zwischen Getriebe und Mahlwalze abgenommen wird. Die Messung über den Drehmomentabgriff und nicht indirekt über die Leistungsaufnahme hat den Vorteil der besonders präzisen Messung und Ausgleich der Leistungsabgabe zwischen den verschiedenen Antrieben. Um eine Fehlfunktion frühzeitig zu detektieren, beispielsweise um ein beschädigtes Lager oder eine beschädigte Wicklung des Antriebmotors frühzeitig zu erkennen, ist in Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass eine Vorrichtung im Dauerbetrieb der Rollenpresse die Differenz zwischen elektrischer Leistungsaufnahme und der mechanischen Leistungsabgabe je eines Antriebes einer Mahlwalze zwischen zwei Antrieben je einer Mahlwalze miteinander vergleicht und bei vordefinierter Abweichung dieser Differenz zwischen zwei Antrieben die Vorrichtung ein Signal zur Anzeige einer mutmaßlichen Fehlfunktion auslöst. Die Messung und Verfolgung der Differenz zwischen der Leistungsaufnahme eines Antriebes und der tatsächlichen Leistungsabgabe lässt frühzeitig eine Fehlfunktion oder einen sich anbahnenden Schaden erkennen, was besonders von Vorteil ist, da bei einem einseitig beschädigten Antrieb der korrespondierende zweite Antrieb durch Überlastung in Mitleidenschaft gezogen werden könnte. Beim Anfahren ist die Stabilität des Verhältnisses von Leistungsaufnahme zu Leistungsabgabe nicht aussagekräftig, daher ist vorgesehen, dass die Vorrichtung im Anfahrbetrieb das Signal zur Anzeige einer mutmaßlichen Fehlfunktion unterdrückt.In order to measure the power output as directly as possible, rather than indirectly determining the power output via the power consumption, it is provided that a device measures the power output between a transmission and grinding roller provided between the drive and the respective grinding roller, the device for measuring the power output Power output determined by the decrease in torque via a torque transducer and the speed. The power output is thus determined by the product of speed and torque, the torque between the gear and grinding roller is removed. The measurement via the torque pick-up and not indirectly via the power consumption has the advantage of particularly precise measurement and compensation of the power output between the various drives. In order to detect a malfunction early, for example, to detect a damaged bearing or a damaged winding of the drive motor early, is provided in an embodiment of the invention that a device in continuous operation of the roller press the difference between electrical power consumption and the mechanical power output of each drive a grinding roller between two drives ever a grinding roller compares with each other and predefined deviation of this difference between two drives, the device triggers a signal to indicate a suspected malfunction. The measurement and tracking of the difference between the power consumption of a drive and the actual power output early detects a malfunction or imminent damage, which is particularly advantageous because in a unilaterally damaged drive the corresponding second drive could be affected by overloading. When starting, the stability of the ratio of power consumption to power output not meaningful, therefore, it is provided that the device suppresses the signal for indicating a suspected malfunction in the starting operation.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der folgenden Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Hochdruckwalzenpresse aus dem Stand der Technik mit angetriebener Festwalze aus dem STAND DER TECHNIK,
Fig. 2
eine Hochdruckwalzenpresse mit Doppelantrieb dem STAND DER TECHNIK,
Fig. 3
eine perspektivische Skizze zur Verdeutlichung der mutmaßlich in einer Hochdruckrollenpresse wirkenden Coriolis-Kräfte,
Fig. 4
eine erfindungsgemäße Hochdruckrollenpresse mit symmetrischem Antrieb.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures. It shows:
Fig. 1
a prior art high pressure roller press with a driven, fixed roller of the prior art,
Fig. 2
a double-drive high-pressure roller press in the prior art,
Fig. 3
a perspective sketch to illustrate the alleged acting in a high-pressure roller press Coriolis forces,
Fig. 4
a high pressure roller press according to the invention with symmetrical drive.

In Figur 1 ist eine Hochdruckrollenpresse 1 aus dem Stand der Technik abgebildet, in welcher eine Festwalze 2 und eine Loswalze 3 vorhanden ist. In der bekannten Hochdruckrollenpresse 1 wird die Festwalze 2, die sich gegenüber dem Maschinenrahmen 4 nicht bewegt, über ein Getriebe 5 von einem leistungsstarken Elektromotor 6 angetrieben. Um Ausgleichsbewegungen, beispielsweise zur Passage von größeren Mahlgutstücken durch den Walzenspalt 7 zu ermöglichen, kann die Loswalze 3 durch die Lagerung der im Maschinenrahmen 4 aufgenommenen Lagerböcke, die hier nicht eingezeichnet sind, auch Schiefstellungen einnehmen. Beim Betrieb einer solchen Hochdruckrollenpresse 1 ist es zu beobachten, dass die Loswalze 3 über unbekannte Kraftübertragungen dazu neigt, eine Schiefstellung, wie es durch Strichelung angedeutet ist, einzunehmen. Diese Schiefstellung muss durch entsprechende Hydrauliksteuerung ausgeglichen werden, damit der Walzenspalt 7 gleichmäßig breit bleibt und daher über den gesamten Walzenspalt 7 ein gleichmäßiges Zerkleinerungsergebnis erzielt wird.In FIG. 1 is a high-pressure roller press 1 of the prior art shown, in which a hard roller 2 and a Loswalze 3 is present. In the known high-pressure roller press 1, the hard roller 2, which does not move relative to the machine frame 4, is driven via a gear 5 by a powerful electric motor 6. In order to allow compensating movements, for example, for the passage of larger Mahlgutstücken through the nip 7, the Loswalze 3 can also assume misalignment by the storage of the recorded in the machine frame 4 bearing blocks, which are not shown here. When operating such a high-pressure roller press 1, it can be observed that the idler roller 3, via unknown force transmissions, tends to assume a misalignment, as indicated by dashed lines. This misalignment must be compensated by appropriate hydraulic control, so that the nip 7 remains uniformly wide and therefore over the entire nip 7, a uniform crushing result is achieved.

Eine andere Bauart einer Hochdruckrollenpresse 10 aus dem Stand der Technik ist in Figur 2 abgebildet. In dieser Variante sind sowohl die Festwalze 12 wie auch die Loswalze 13 über geringer dimensionierte Getriebe 15, 15' und Elektromore 16, 16' angetrieben. Auch diese Hochdruckrollenpresse 10 neigt dazu, im Betrieb eine Schiefstellung einzunehmen, wie es durch Strichelung angedeutet ist.Another type of high-pressure roller press 10 of the prior art is in FIG. 2 displayed. In this variant, both the hard roller 12 as also the Loswalze 13 via smaller sized gear 15, 15 'and electric motors 16, 16' driven. Also, this high-pressure roller press 10 tends to take a misalignment during operation, as indicated by dashed lines.

In Figur 3 ist schließlich die Hochdruckwalzenpresse 10 aus Figur 2 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht mit eingezeichneten Rotationsachsen A, B und C dargestellt, um zu demonstrieren, wie Coriolis-Kräfte auf die Loswalze 13 wirken können, durch welche die unerwünschte Schiefstellung erzeugt wird. Die Rotation um Achse B mit einem sehr hohen Wert des Drehimpulses aufgrund des hohen Eigengewichts der Loswalze 13 und eine unsymmetrische Bewegung mit äußerst geringer Amplitude um die Rotationsachse A können eine Rotation um die vertikale Achse C erzeugen, die dazu führt, dass die Loswalze 13 zur Schiefstellung neigt und dadurch einen Öffnungsspalt im Walzenspalt ausbildet. Wenn die minimalen Bewegungen der Loswalze 13 um die Achse A, beispielsweise, weil die Loswalze 13 am Antrieb 16' festgehalten wird, nicht symmetrisch in Geschwindigkeit und Impuls erfolgen, so kann sich eine netto-Rotation um die Achse C ausbilden. Diese Rotation um C erfolgt langsam, kann aber im Betrieb unerwünscht starke Neigung zur Ausbildung zeigen, die nachgeregelt werden muss.In FIG. 3 Finally, the high-pressure roller press 10 is off FIG. 2 in a perspective view with marked axes of rotation A, B and C shown to demonstrate how Coriolis forces can act on the Loswalze 13, through which the undesired misalignment is generated. The rotation about axis B with a very high value of the angular momentum due to the high dead weight of the idler roll 13 and an asymmetric movement of extremely low amplitude about the axis of rotation A can produce a rotation about the vertical axis C, which leads to the Loswalze 13 for Slant tends and thereby forms an opening gap in the nip. If the minimum movements of the Loswalze 13 about the axis A, for example, because the Loswalze 13 is held on the drive 16 ', not symmetrical in speed and pulse, so that a net rotation about the axis C can form. This rotation about C is slow, but can show undesirable strong tendency to training during operation, which must be readjusted.

In Figur 4 wird daher eine erfindungsgemäße Konfiguration des Antriebs einer erfindungsgemäßen Hochdruckwalzenpresse 20 dargestellt. Festwalze 22 und Loswalze 23 werden beide durch ein Antriebspaar 28, 28' und 29, 29' angetrieben, welches in vorteilhafter Weise so synchronisiert ist, dass je zwei korrespondierende Antriebe 28 und 28' sowie 29 und 29' an je einer Mahlwalze 22 und 23 eine Synchronisation über das Drehmoment und/oder über die Leistung erfahren. Auf der anderen Seite werden die zwei Antriebs-Paare 28, 28' und 29, 29' miteinander über die Drehzahl synchronisiert. Die Synchronisation findet vorteilhafter Weise durch den Einsatz von frequenzgesteuerten Motoren statt, die über einen entsprechenden Umrichter präzise Drehzahlgesteuert werden könnenIn FIG. 4 Therefore, an inventive configuration of the drive of a high-pressure roller press 20 according to the invention is shown. Hard roller 22 and Loswalze 23 are both driven by a drive pair 28, 28 'and 29, 29', which is synchronized in an advantageous manner so that two corresponding drives 28 and 28 'and 29 and 29' on each of a grinding roller 22 and 23 learn a synchronization of the torque and / or the power. On the other hand, the two drive pairs 28, 28 'and 29, 29' are synchronized with each other via the rotational speed. The synchronization takes place advantageously by the use of frequency-controlled motors, which can be precisely controlled by a corresponding inverter speed

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11 HochdruckwalzenpresseHigh-pressure roll press 22 Festwalzefixed roll 15, 15'15, 15 ' Getriebetransmission 33 Loswalzefloating roll 16, 16'16, 16 ' Antriebdrive 44 Maschinenrahmenmachine frame 55 Getriebetransmission 2020 HochdruckwalzenprersseHochdruckwalzenprersse 66 Antriebdrive 2222 Festwalzefixed roll 77 Walzenspaltnip 2323 Loswalzefloating roll 1010 HochdruckwalzenpresseHigh-pressure roll press 2424 Maschinenrahmenmachine frame 1212 Festwalzefixed roll 28, 28'28, 28 ' Antriebdrive 1313 Loswalzefloating roll 29, 29'29, 29 ' Antriebdrive

Claims (7)

  1. High-pressure roller press (20) for comminuting brittle material for grinding, having
    - a first grinding roller (22) and a second grinding roller (23),
    - wherein at least one grinding roller (23) is a floating roller which is mounted movably in a machine frame (25), and
    - wherein at least one grinding roller (22, 23) has an electric drive, wherein
    the electric drive (28, 28, 29, 29') of the at least one grinding roller (22, 23) is provided bilaterally at both sides of the roller ends,
    characterized in that
    the drives (28, 28'; 29, 29') of in each case one grinding roller (22, 23) are synchronized with one another with regard to power output, wherein
    the high-pressure roller press a device which is designed to measure the power output between a gearbox (25, 25', 25", 25'''), which is provided between the drive and the respective grinding roller (22, 23), and grinding roller, wherein
    the device for measuring the power output determines the power output on the basis of the decrease in torque, by way of a torque sensor, and on the basis of the rotational speed.
  2. High-pressure roller press according to Claim 1, characterized in that
    the first (22) and the second grinding roller (23) have in each case two electric drives (28, 28'; 29, 29') of identical rated power at in each case both sides of the roller ends.
  3. High-pressure roller press according to either of Claims 1 and 2,
    characterized in that
    the drives (28, 28'; 29, 29') of the various grinding rollers (22, 23) are synchronized with one another with regard to rotational speed but not with regard to power output.
  4. High-pressure roller press according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the floating roller (22) is, at each roller end, received in the machine frame (25) in bearing blocks which are in each case mounted in displaceable fashion on a sliding frame.
  5. High-pressure roller press according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that,
    in the event of an undesired oblique position of the floating roller (23) being detected, the synchronization of the power output is suppressed, such that the drive situated at that end of the floating roller (23) which forms the opening gap of the roller gap is subjected to greater load.
  6. High-pressure roller press according to Claim 1 to 5,
    characterized in that,
    it comprises a device, which, during continuous operation of the high-pressure roller press (20), compares the differences between electrical power consumption and mechanical power output of in each case one drive of a grinding roller (22, 23) between two drives of in each case one grinding roller (22, 23), and, in the event of a predefined deviation of said difference between two drives (28, 28'; 29, 29'), the device triggers a signal for displaying a suspected malfunction.
  7. High-pressure roller press according to Claim 6,
    characterized in that,
    during start-up operation, the device suppresses the signal for displaying a suspected malfunction.
EP15716535.8A 2014-04-17 2015-04-16 Roller press with symmetrical drive Active EP3131678B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014005757.7A DE102014005757B4 (en) 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Roller press with symmetrical drive
PCT/EP2015/058264 WO2015158822A1 (en) 2014-04-17 2015-04-16 Rolling press comprising a symmetrical drive

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EP3131678A1 EP3131678A1 (en) 2017-02-22
EP3131678B1 true EP3131678B1 (en) 2018-08-29

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2708053C3 (en) 1977-02-24 1986-05-07 Schönert, Klaus, Prof. Dr.-Ing., 7500 Karlsruhe Process for fine and ultra-fine comminution of materials with brittle behavior
DE3731934A1 (en) 1987-09-23 1989-04-13 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag TWO-ROLLING MACHINE LIKE A ROLLING PRESS
DE10018271A1 (en) * 2000-04-13 2001-10-18 Kloeckner Humboldt Wedag Pressing machine for granular materials has swinging frame with lower pivot point lying perpendicularly to axes of rolls so that after swinging away of frame both rolls can be freely withdrawn upwards from machine frame
DE10210307C1 (en) * 2002-03-08 2003-10-23 Alexanderwerk Ag Compacting press for bulk goods

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EP3131678A1 (en) 2017-02-22
DE102014005757A1 (en) 2015-10-22
DK3131678T3 (en) 2019-01-02
DE102014005757B4 (en) 2019-05-23
WO2015158822A1 (en) 2015-10-22

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