EP3123491A1 - Electrical switching apparatus comprising an improved arc-quenching device - Google Patents

Electrical switching apparatus comprising an improved arc-quenching device

Info

Publication number
EP3123491A1
EP3123491A1 EP15712258.1A EP15712258A EP3123491A1 EP 3123491 A1 EP3123491 A1 EP 3123491A1 EP 15712258 A EP15712258 A EP 15712258A EP 3123491 A1 EP3123491 A1 EP 3123491A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
permanent magnet
quenching
switching device
electrical switching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15712258.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3123491B1 (en
Inventor
Robert Kralik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaltbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Schaltbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaltbau GmbH filed Critical Schaltbau GmbH
Publication of EP3123491A1 publication Critical patent/EP3123491A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3123491B1 publication Critical patent/EP3123491B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/443—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for interrupting dc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical switching device according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • a generic electrical switching device has at least one switching point and at least one switching point associated with the arc quenching device, wherein the arc quenching device comprises at least one extinguishing element and at least one permanent magnet for influencing an arc occurring during the switching operation , The arc is blown into the extinguishing element by a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet.
  • the electrical switching device is in particular a unidirectionally switching DC contactor.
  • a switching arc At the switching point of a contactor is formed during the switching process, ie when opening the contact points, a switching arc. In this case, a significant amount of thermal energy is released, which can lead to damage of the switching device. In particular, when particularly high currents are switched, the existence or effect of the switching arc can lead to damage or destruction of the switching device.
  • arc quenching device which ensures that the switching arc extinguishes as quickly as possible.
  • the extinguishing elements are generally plate-shaped and arranged spaced from each other. They subdivide and cool the switching arc, thereby extinguishing it. Both extinguishing plates and ceramic extinguishing plates can be used as extinguishing elements.
  • a suitable magnetic field is generated.
  • a permanent magnet is usually provided.
  • the design of the magnetic field can also be suitably influenced by means of pole plates.
  • An electrical switching device of the generic type is known for example from German Patent DE 1246851 B.
  • the arc quenching device of the electrical switching device described there has a plurality of Deionblechen as quenching plates.
  • the switching arc is blown into the quenching plates by a permanent magnet.
  • Another electrical switching device of the generic type is also known from DE 102010031907 B9. Again, a permanent magnet is used as a blowing magnet.
  • the extinguishing elements are designed as ceramic extinguishing plates in this switching device.
  • Switching devices of the type mentioned are used for example as a DC contactors in solar technology. The demands which the switching devices have to meet in this area are getting higher and higher. At the same time, there is still increasing cost pressure.
  • the switching capacity is not sufficient to switch any occurring short-circuit currents. This means that the switching arc occurring during the switching process can not be safely extinguished.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electrical switching device of the generic type with improved arc quenching.
  • the improvement of the arc quenching device and thus the improvement of the switching capacity of the electrical switching device should be as cost effective and easy to accomplish.
  • the invention should be suitable for relatively small dimensioned DC contactors for use in solar technology.
  • the switching capacity should be improved without significant increase in the dimensions of the electrical switching device.
  • an inventive solution to the problem if the at least one permanent magnet simultaneously forms the extinguishing element and is arranged and poled that the arc from the permanent magnet is attracted, and thereby sucked to the permanent magnet and deleted by this.
  • a permanent magnet instead of a quenching plate or a ceramic quenching plate can be used as an extinguishing element, specifically for cooling and thus to extinguish the switching arc.
  • the solution according to the invention also has the advantage that the switching arc does not have to be blown into the extinguishing area by an additional external blower field.
  • the switching arc of the extinguishing element or the extinguishing elements itself tightened. It has been shown that the switching arc can be deleted very quickly and reliably.
  • the solution according to the invention can be implemented inexpensively and easily.
  • it has the advantage that the switching capacity of existing contactors can be significantly improved with conventional arc extinguishing devices with largely constant outer dimensions.
  • the invention does not exclude that, in addition to the permanent magnet formed as an extinguishing element, a conventional blowing magnet is provided whose magnetic field enhances the blowing effect and is suitably aligned by possibly additionally provided pole plates.
  • the arc quenching device has an extinguishing chamber, the extinguishing chamber having an outlet opening, and wherein the at least one permanent magnet serving as an extinguishing element is arranged in the region of the outlet opening.
  • the outlet opening Through the outlet opening, the gases generated by the arc or the plasma generated by the arc from the switching device are led to the outside.
  • the permanent magnet serving as the extinguishing element is arranged outside the extinguishing chamber in the region of the outlet opening.
  • further extinguishing elements in the form of extinguishing plates or ceramic extinguishing elements are provided in addition to the permanent magnet serving as the extinguishing element.
  • the further extinguishing elements are arranged between the permanent magnet and the switching point within the extinguishing chamber.
  • the reliability of the arc extinction is further improved. Furthermore, this increases the service life of the permanent magnet serving as the extinguishing element.
  • the permanent magnet is enclosed by a protective sleeve made of ceramic, at least in the region which is exposed to the arc.
  • the permanent magnet is enclosed over its entire length by the protective sleeve.
  • the arc-extinguishing effect of the permanent magnet is almost completely retained even after several switching cycles. The life is thus increased.
  • the ceramic material used for the protective sleeve is preferably magnesium aluminum silicate or particularly preferably calcium aluminate.
  • the ceramic material is glass fiber reinforced, so that the protective sleeve is particularly robust and protected against mechanical damage. Particular preference is given to using glass-fiber-reinforced calcium aluminate with silicone resin.
  • the arc quenching device has at least two permanent magnets, each serving as an extinguishing element and are arranged and poled so that the arc of the at least two permanent magnets, which simultaneously form extinguishing elements, is attracted. Even more preferably even more permanent magnets per arc quenching device are provided. This enhances the arc extinguishing effect and increases the turn-off capability.
  • the permanent magnets serving as extinguishing elements are all poled in the same direction for this purpose. It is advantageous if all the permanent magnets are surrounded at least in the area which is exposed to the arc, each of a ceramic protective sleeve.
  • the permanent magnet (s) are / are particularly strong, so that the magnetic flux density acting on the arc by the permanent magnet (s) is at least 20 millitesla, preferably at least 25 millitesla. This ensures that the arc is sucked in and out of the permanent magnet (s) without further assistance.
  • the permanent magnets are arranged spaced from each other in the same manner as conventional quenching plates or ceramic erase ers see. This causes a particularly fast and effective extinction of the switching arc.
  • the distance between the permanent magnets is preferably greater than one millimeter, and is more preferably in the range between 1 and 3 mm.
  • the spaced apart arrangement of the permanent magnets also has the advantage that the plasma generated by the switching arc can be conducted out through the gap between the permanent magnets.
  • the permanent magnets are elongated and aligned so that their magnetic Axes are substantially perpendicular to the projected longitudinal orientation of the switching arcs.
  • the permanent magnets are made of hard ferrite.
  • Hard ferrite is a ceramic material, which makes the permanent magnets, similar to conventional ceramic extinguishing elements, particularly suitable for extinguishing arcs. When using hard ferrite permanent magnets, a particularly effective cooling of the switching arc is achieved.
  • the permanent magnets are designed as bar magnets.
  • bar magnets are standard components which can be obtained in a particularly favorable manner.
  • a particularly effective extinguishing effect is achieved when the permanent magnets are cylindrical, so designed as round magnets.
  • the axes of the permanent magnets are preferably in a common plane, and are further preferably aligned parallel to each other.
  • the permanent magnets are attached to the electrical switching device by means of a common holder.
  • a common holder Due to the common mounting, it is also possible to ensure that an optimal distance between the individual permanent magnets is always maintained. It is particularly advantageous if the holder can be clipped onto the switching device. This further simplifies assembly. In addition, this results in the advantage that existing electrical switching devices, such as existing DC contactors, can be retrofitted according to the invention in a particularly simple manner.
  • the holder is preferably designed so that it can be clipped to the housing or existing components of the electrical switching device. For example, exposed or cylindrically enveloped connecting bolts of the switch housing are particularly suitable for mounting.
  • the arc quenching device is assigned to the extinguishing regions of at least two poles of the switching device arranged next to one another, wherein the permanent magnet or extending the permanent magnets of the arc quenching device over the entire width of the juxtaposed switching points / extend.
  • This embodiment is suitable, for example, especially in two-pole DC contactors. In such shooters usually two switching points are arranged side by side, so that two switching arcs can occur side by side.
  • This embodiment is particularly inexpensive and easy to manufacture, since only one arc quenching device for the extinguishing areas of two or even several adjacent poles is required.
  • a particularly advantageous and particularly space-saving arrangement results when the holder of the permanent magnets is at least partially disposed between the juxtaposed switching points or poles.
  • the invention further provides an arc quenching device for an electrical switching device.
  • the arc quenching device comprises at least one quenching element and at least one permanent magnet for influencing an arc occurring during the switching operation, wherein the arc is blown into the quenching element by a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet.
  • the at least one permanent magnet simultaneously forms the extinguishing element and is arranged and poled in such a way that the arc is attracted to the permanent magnet, and is thereby magnetically sucked onto the permanent magnet and extinguished by the latter.
  • the present invention provides a method for increasing the switching capacity of an electrical switching device having at least one switching point and at least one arc quenching device associated with the switching point, the arc quenching device having a plurality of quenching plates or ceramic quenching elements for arc quenching ready.
  • the method according to the invention one or more permanent magnets in the region of the discharge opening of a quenching chamber of the arc quenching device attached to the electrical switching device, so that the permanent magnet or the permanent magnet forms / form and poled is / are such that the arc from the permanent magnet is attracted, and thereby sucked to the permanent magnet and deleted by this.
  • the quenching plates or Ceramic extinguishing elements can either be removed or left in the device for additional arc extinction support.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the following method steps:
  • the permanent magnets are preferably arranged directly in front of the openings of the quenching chambers, from which the conventional quenching plates or ceramic quenching elements have been removed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a two-pole DC contactor in an oblique view
  • FIG. 2 shows the DC contactor of FIG. 1 according to the invention with permanent magnets attached thereto
  • FIG. 1 shows a two-pole DC contactor in an oblique view
  • FIG. 2 shows the DC contactor of FIG. 1 according to the invention with permanent magnets attached thereto
  • FIG. 1 shows a two-pole DC contactor in an oblique view
  • FIG. 2 shows the DC contactor of FIG. 1 according to the invention with permanent magnets attached thereto
  • FIG. 3 shows the contactor according to the invention from FIG. 2 in a front view
  • FIG. 4 shows a detailed representation of the permanent magnets attached to the contactor shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 together with a corresponding mounting
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a switching point of the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows the representation of FIG. 2 with ceramic protective sleeves for the permanent magnets.
  • Fig. 1 shows a unidirectionally switching, two-pole DC contactor 1 of conventional design, which has already been prepared for an embodiment of the invention.
  • the contactor has a housing 15 in which the switching mechanism and the movable contacts are housed. Below the actual switch housing 15 of the electromagnetic drive 16 of the contactor is shown. On the front side of the housing two connection contacts 1 1 and 12 can be seen. Since it is a two-pole contactor, a total of four terminals are provided. Each of the two provided on the front side of the housing connecting contacts 11 and 12 can therefore be connected by means of the contactor with a corresponding terminal contact on the opposite side of the housing narrow side.
  • the four connection contacts each lead to a fixed contact inside the housing.
  • two switching bridges are arranged in the interior of the housing, which are actuated by the electromagnetic drive 16 and in each case connect or disconnect two of the fixed contacts with one another.
  • Each switching point is assigned to an arc extinguishing chamber.
  • Two of the four extinguishing chambers namely the left-hand extinguishing chamber 13 and the right-hand extinguishing chamber 14, can be seen on the front side of the housing.
  • Both of the extinguishing chambers 13 and 14 shown each have an opening to the outside, so that the plasma generated by the switching arc from the Housing interior can get outside.
  • Fig. 1 the insertion slots for conventional quenching plates, which have already been removed in the contactor shown.
  • the magnetic pole plates 6 of the inside arranged inside the blow magnet, through which the switching arc is blown in the conventional design of the contactor in the quenching plates.
  • an arc quenching device according to the invention is used, which is attached to the housing 15 of the contactor.
  • the contactor of Fig. 1 is shown in Fig. 2 with an arc quenching device according to the invention. It consists essentially of four cylindrical permanent magnets 3, which are arranged immediately in front of the openings of the two extinguishing chambers 13 and 14. As can be seen in particular from FIG.
  • the four permanent magnets 3 are held by a common holder 7, which can be attached to the housing 15 of the contactor 1.
  • the holder ensures that the four elongated cylindrical permanent magnets are held firstly parallel to each other and secondly slightly spaced from each other.
  • the axes of the four permanent magnets lie in a plane which is aligned parallel to the immediately adjacent housing narrow side.
  • the parallel alignment is best seen in FIG. Fig. 3 shows, moreover, that the two located on the opposite side of the housing narrowing switching points are equipped with an arc quenching device according to the invention.
  • the distance between the outer circumference of two adjacent permanent magnets is about 2 mm.
  • the permanent magnets 3 can be glued or screwed, for example, with the holder 7.
  • Fig. 4 it can be seen that the holder 7 of the permanent magnet 3 for this purpose has two resilient clip ends 9 and 10. These are designed so that they lock when mounting the holder on the housing with the two cylindrical housing elements 8 shown in Fig. 1.
  • the upper end of the clip 9 is for this purpose first hung on the upper of the two cylindrical housing elements 8, then the lower end of the clip 10 is pressed against the lower cylindrical housing member, so that it springs easily and then locked with this lower cylindrical housing member.
  • the two cylindrical housing elements 8 are spacers which are arranged between the two extinguishing chambers 13 and 14 and surround corresponding fastening bolts, with which the housing is held together, in the region between the two extinguishing chambers. Because the holder 7 of the permanent magnet 3 is attached to the two spacers 8 arranged between the extinguishing chambers 13 and 14, the holder itself is also located between the openings of the two extinguishing chambers.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic representation for explaining the operation of the arc quenching device according to the invention is shown. Shown is a switching point, consisting of one of the inside of the housing arranged fixed contacts 4 and this fixed contact associated end of the corresponding contact bridge 5. The end of the contact bridge thus forms the movable mating contact, which is actuated by the drive 16 of the contactor according to the invention.
  • the illustration shows a snapshot shortly after the opening of the two contacts 4 and 5. During the opening process arises between the contact points a switching arc 2, by the magnetic field of the blowing magnet, not shown, and beyond by the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 3 according to the invention, after is driven or blown right into the permanent magnet 3.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation for explaining the operation of the arc quenching device according to the invention is shown. Shown is a switching point, consisting of one of the inside of the housing arranged fixed contacts 4 and this fixed contact associated end of the corresponding contact bridge 5. The end of the contact bridge thus forms the movable mating
  • the permanent magnets according to the invention consist of hard ferrite. This is a ceramic material, whereby the permanent magnets 3, like conventional ceramic extinguishing elements, are outstandingly suitable for cooling and extinguishing arcs.
  • the plasma generated by the switching arc 2 is transported through the slots between the permanent magnet 3 to the outside.
  • FIG. 6 shows a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the representation corresponds to the representation of FIG. 2, with the difference that the permanent magnets 3 are each enclosed by a protective sleeve 17 made of ceramic.
  • the protective sleeves are hollow cylindrical and abut on the outer circumference of the respective permanent magnet. They can be glued to the permanent magnets, for example.
  • the invention is not only suitable for retrofitting existing contactors, but also and especially for completely new developed electrical switching devices can be used.
  • the invention offers the advantage that the switching capacity of electrical switching devices can be improved in a particularly simple manner and without significantly increased space requirements.
  • Blasan angelen conventional design that drive the switching arc in the quenching arrangements can be additionally provided, but are not always mandatory, since the switching arc is attracted to the inventive arc quenching device of the permanent magnets of the arc quenching device itself.
  • the permanent magnets are blowing magnet and extinguishing element at the same time.

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrical switching apparatus 1, in particular a DC contactor. The switching apparatus has at least one switching point and at least one arc-quenching device assigned to said switching point. The arc-quenching device comprises at least one quenching element and at least one permanent magnet 3 for influencing an arc occurring during the switching operation. The arc is blown by a magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet into the quenching element. In accordance with the invention, provision is made for the at least one permanent magnet to at the same time form the quenching element and to be arranged and polarized in such a way that the arc is attracted by the permanent magnet and, as a result, is sucked onto the permanent magnet and quenched thereby. Preferably, the permanent magnets are in the form of cylindrical bar magnets and are fitted on the switching apparatus 1 by means of a holder 7 that can be clipped on. In a further variant, the permanent magnets consist of hard ferrite. Preferably, the permanent magnets are surrounded by a protective sleeve consisting of ceramic.

Description

Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung mit verbesserter Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung  Electrical switching device with improved arc quenching device
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Schaltvorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1. Eine gattungsgemäße elektrische Schaltvorrichtung weist zumindest eine Schaltstelle sowie zumindest eine der Schaltstelle zugeordnete Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung auf, wobei die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung zumindest ein Löschelement und zumindest einen Permanentmagnet zur Beeinflussung eines beim Schaltvorgang auftretenden Lichtbogens umfasst. Der Lichtbogen wird durch ein vom Permanentmagnet erzeugtes Magnetfeld in das Löschelement geblasen. Bei der elektrischen Schaltvorrichtung handelt es sich insbesondere um ein unidirektional schaltendes Gleichstromschütz. The present invention relates to an electrical switching device according to the preamble of independent claim 1. A generic electrical switching device has at least one switching point and at least one switching point associated with the arc quenching device, wherein the arc quenching device comprises at least one extinguishing element and at least one permanent magnet for influencing an arc occurring during the switching operation , The arc is blown into the extinguishing element by a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. The electrical switching device is in particular a unidirectionally switching DC contactor.
An der Schaltstelle eines Schaltschützes bildet sich beim Schaltvorgang, also beim Öffnen der Kontaktstellen, ein Schaltlichtbogen aus. Dabei wird eine erhebliche Menge an thermischer Energie freigesetzt, was zur Beschädigung der Schaltvorrichtung führen kann. Insbesondere wenn besonders hohe Ströme geschaltet werden, kann die Existenz bzw. Wirkung des Schaltlichtbogens zur Beschädigung oder Zerstörung des Schaltgerätes führen. At the switching point of a contactor is formed during the switching process, ie when opening the contact points, a switching arc. In this case, a significant amount of thermal energy is released, which can lead to damage of the switching device. In particular, when particularly high currents are switched, the existence or effect of the switching arc can lead to damage or destruction of the switching device.
Aus dem Stand der Technik ist es daher bekannt, eine sogenannte Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung vorzusehen, die dafür sorgt, dass der Schaltlichtbogen möglichst schnell verlischt. Üblicherweise sind hierzu in unmittelbarer Nähe der Schaltstelle mehrere Lösch- elemente vorgesehen. Die Löschelemente sind in der Regel plattenförmig ausgebildet und voneinander beabstandet angeordnet. Sie unterteilen und kühlen den Schaltlichtbogen und bringen ihn dadurch zum Erlöschen. Als Löschelemente können sowohl Löschbleche als auch keramische Löschplatten zum Einsatz kommen. Um den Schaltlichtbogen in die Löschelemente zu treiben (blasen), wird ein geeignetes Magnetfeld erzeugt. Zur Erzeu- gung des Magnetfelds ist üblicherweise ein Permanentmagnet vorgesehen. Die Gestaltung des Magnetfelds kann zudem mit Hilfe von Polplatten geeignet beeinflusst werden. From the prior art it is therefore known to provide a so-called arc quenching device, which ensures that the switching arc extinguishes as quickly as possible. Usually, a plurality of extinguishing elements are provided for this purpose in the immediate vicinity of the switching point. The extinguishing elements are generally plate-shaped and arranged spaced from each other. They subdivide and cool the switching arc, thereby extinguishing it. Both extinguishing plates and ceramic extinguishing plates can be used as extinguishing elements. In order to drive (blow) the switching arc into the extinguishing elements, a suitable magnetic field is generated. To generate the magnetic field, a permanent magnet is usually provided. The design of the magnetic field can also be suitably influenced by means of pole plates.
Eine elektrische Schaltvorrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art ist beispielsweise aus der deutschen Patentschrift DE 1246851 B bekannt. Die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung der dort beschriebenen elektrischen Schaltvorrichtung weist eine Vielzahl von Deionblechen als Löschbleche auf. Der Schaltlichtbogen wird durch einen Permanentmagnet in die Löschbleche geblasen. Eine weitere elektrische Schaltvorrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art ist ferner aus DE 102010031907 B9 bekannt. Auch hier kommt ein Permanentmagnet als Blasmagnet zum Einsatz. Die Löschelemente sind bei dieser Schaltvorrichtung als keramische Löschplatten ausgeführt. Schaltvorrichtungen der eingangs genannten Art kommen beispielsweise als Gleichstromschütze in der Solartechnik zum Einsatz. Die Anforderungen, welche die Schaltvorrichtungen in diesem Bereich erfüllen müssen, werden immer höher. Gleichzeitig herrscht ein weiterhin zunehmender Kostendruck. Aufgrund des Kostendrucks werden i. d. R. relativ klein dimensionierte Schaltschütze eingesetzt, deren Schaltvermögen allerdings den steigenden Anforderungen oft nicht mehr gerecht wird. Insbesondere reicht das Schaltvermögen der verwendeten Schaltschütze nicht aus, um eventuell auftretende Kurzschlussströme zu schalten. Dies bedeutet, der beim Schaltvorgang auftretende Schaltlichtbogen kann nicht sicher zum Erlöschen gebracht werden. An electrical switching device of the generic type is known for example from German Patent DE 1246851 B. The arc quenching device of the electrical switching device described there has a plurality of Deionblechen as quenching plates. The switching arc is blown into the quenching plates by a permanent magnet. Another electrical switching device of the generic type is also known from DE 102010031907 B9. Again, a permanent magnet is used as a blowing magnet. The extinguishing elements are designed as ceramic extinguishing plates in this switching device. Switching devices of the type mentioned are used for example as a DC contactors in solar technology. The demands which the switching devices have to meet in this area are getting higher and higher. At the same time, there is still increasing cost pressure. Due to the cost pressure usually relatively small dimensioned contactors are used, the switching capacity, however, often no longer meet the increasing requirements. In particular, the switching capacity of the contactors used is not sufficient to switch any occurring short-circuit currents. This means that the switching arc occurring during the switching process can not be safely extinguished.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine elektrische Schaltvorrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art mit verbesserter Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung bereitzustellen. Die Verbesserung der Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung und damit die Verbesserung des Schaltvermögens der elektrischen Schaltvorrichtung sollen dabei möglichst kostengünstig und einfach zu bewerkstelligen sein. Insbesondere soll sich die Erfindung für relativ klein dimensionierte Gleichstromschütze zum Einsatz in der Solartechnik eignen. Das Schaltvermögen soll ohne deutliche Erhöhung der Abmessungen der elektrischen Schaltvorrichtung verbessert werden. Object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electrical switching device of the generic type with improved arc quenching. The improvement of the arc quenching device and thus the improvement of the switching capacity of the electrical switching device should be as cost effective and easy to accomplish. In particular, the invention should be suitable for relatively small dimensioned DC contactors for use in solar technology. The switching capacity should be improved without significant increase in the dimensions of the electrical switching device.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1. Demnach liegt bei einer elektrischen Schaltvorrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art dann eine erfindungsgemäße Lösung der Aufgabe vor, wenn der zumindest eine Permanentmagnet gleichzeitig das Löschelement bildet und derart angeordnet und gepolt ist, dass der Lichtbogen vom Permanentmagnet angezogen wird, und dadurch an den Permanentmagnet gesaugt und durch diesen gelöscht wird. Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, dass ein Permanentmagnet anstatt eines Löschblechs oder einer keramischen Löschplatte als Löschelement verwendet werden kann, und zwar zur Kühlung und somit zur Löschung des Schaltlichtbogens. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung hat ferner den Vorteil, dass der Schaltlichtbogen nicht durch ein zusätzliches externes Blasfeld in den Löschbereich geblasen werden muss. Vielmehr wird der Schaltlichtbogen von dem Löschelement bzw. den Löschelementen (Löschbereich) selbst angezogen. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass der Schaltlichtbogen dadurch besonders schnell und zuverlässig gelöscht werden kann. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung kann kostengünstig und einfach umgesetzt werden. Außerdem hat sie den Vorteil, dass das Schaltvermögen bestehender Schaltschütze mit konventionellen Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtungen bei weitgehend gleichbleibenden Außenabmessungen erheblich verbessert werden kann. Die Erfindung schließt im Übrigen nicht aus, dass zusätzlich zu dem als Löschelement ausgebildeten Permanentmagneten ein herkömmlicher Blasmagnet vorgesehen ist, dessen Magnetfeld die Blaswirkung verstärkt und durch eventuell zusätzlich vorgesehene Polplatten geeignet ausgerichtet wird. The object is achieved by the features of independent claim 1. Accordingly, in an electrical switching device of the generic type then an inventive solution to the problem, if the at least one permanent magnet simultaneously forms the extinguishing element and is arranged and poled that the arc from the permanent magnet is attracted, and thereby sucked to the permanent magnet and deleted by this. Surprisingly, it has been shown that a permanent magnet instead of a quenching plate or a ceramic quenching plate can be used as an extinguishing element, specifically for cooling and thus to extinguish the switching arc. The solution according to the invention also has the advantage that the switching arc does not have to be blown into the extinguishing area by an additional external blower field. Rather, the switching arc of the extinguishing element or the extinguishing elements (extinguishing area) itself tightened. It has been shown that the switching arc can be deleted very quickly and reliably. The solution according to the invention can be implemented inexpensively and easily. In addition, it has the advantage that the switching capacity of existing contactors can be significantly improved with conventional arc extinguishing devices with largely constant outer dimensions. Incidentally, the invention does not exclude that, in addition to the permanent magnet formed as an extinguishing element, a conventional blowing magnet is provided whose magnetic field enhances the blowing effect and is suitably aligned by possibly additionally provided pole plates.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche. Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung weist die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung eine Löschkammer auf, wobei die Löschkammer eine Austrittsöffnung aufweist, und wobei der zumindest eine als Löschelement dienende Permanentmagnet im Bereich der Austrittsöffnung angeordnet ist. Durch die Austrittsöffnung werden die durch den Lichtbogen erzeugten Gase bzw. das durch den Lichtbogen erzeugte Plasma aus dem Schaltgerät nach außen geführt. Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird eine besonders zuverlässige Löschung des Lichtbogens gewährleistet. Besonders bevorzugt ist der als Löschelement dienende Permanentmagnet dabei außerhalb der Löschkammer im Bereich der Austrittsöffnung angeordnet. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the arc quenching device has an extinguishing chamber, the extinguishing chamber having an outlet opening, and wherein the at least one permanent magnet serving as an extinguishing element is arranged in the region of the outlet opening. Through the outlet opening, the gases generated by the arc or the plasma generated by the arc from the switching device are led to the outside. In this embodiment, a particularly reliable erasure of the arc is ensured. Particularly preferably, the permanent magnet serving as the extinguishing element is arranged outside the extinguishing chamber in the region of the outlet opening.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung sind zusätzlich zu dem als Löschelement dienenden Permanentmagneten weitere Löschelemente in Form von Löschblechen oder keramischen Löschelementen vorgesehen. Die weiteren Löschelemente sind zwischen dem Permanentmagneten und der Schaltstelle innerhalb der Löschkammer angeordnet. Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird die Zuverlässigkeit der Lichtbogenlöschung weiter verbessert. Ferner wird dadurch die Lebensdauer des als Löschelement dienenden Permanentmagneten erhöht. In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, further extinguishing elements in the form of extinguishing plates or ceramic extinguishing elements are provided in addition to the permanent magnet serving as the extinguishing element. The further extinguishing elements are arranged between the permanent magnet and the switching point within the extinguishing chamber. In this embodiment, the reliability of the arc extinction is further improved. Furthermore, this increases the service life of the permanent magnet serving as the extinguishing element.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der Permanentmagnet zumindest in dem Bereich, der dem Lichtbogen ausgesetzt ist, von einer Schutzhülse aus Keramik umschlossen. Vorzugsweise ist der Permanentmagnet auf seiner gesamten Länge von der Schutzhülse umschlossen. Bei dieser Ausführungsform bleibt die Lichtbogen-Iöschende Wirkung des Permanentmagneten auch nach etlichen Schaltzyklen nahezu vollständig erhalten. Die Lebensdauer wird somit erhöht. Als keramischer Werkstoff für die Schutzhülse kommt vorzugsweise Magnesium-Aluminium-Silikat oder besonders bevorzugt Kalziumaluminat zum Einsatz. Weiter vorzugsweise ist der keramische Werkstoff glasfaserverstärkt, so dass die Schutzhülse besonders robust und gegen mechanische Beschädigung geschützt ist. Besonders bevorzugt kommt dabei glasfaserverstärktes Kalziumaluminat mit Silikonharz zum Einsatz. In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the permanent magnet is enclosed by a protective sleeve made of ceramic, at least in the region which is exposed to the arc. Preferably, the permanent magnet is enclosed over its entire length by the protective sleeve. In this embodiment the arc-extinguishing effect of the permanent magnet is almost completely retained even after several switching cycles. The life is thus increased. The ceramic material used for the protective sleeve is preferably magnesium aluminum silicate or particularly preferably calcium aluminate. Further preferably, the ceramic material is glass fiber reinforced, so that the protective sleeve is particularly robust and protected against mechanical damage. Particular preference is given to using glass-fiber-reinforced calcium aluminate with silicone resin.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung weist die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung zumindest zwei Permanentmagneten auf, die jeweils als Löschelement dienen und derart angeordnet und gepolt sind, dass der Lichtbogen von den zumindest zwei Permanentmagneten, die gleichzeitig Löschelemente bilden, angezogen wird. Besonders bevorzugt sind sogar mehrere Permanentmagneten pro Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung vorgesehen. Dies verstärkt den lichtbogenlöschenden Effekt und erhöht das Abschaltvermögen. Die als Löschelemente dienenden Permanentmagneten sind hierzu alle in gleicher Richtung gepolt. Von Vorteil ist es, wenn alle Permanentmagneten zumindest in dem Bereich, der dem Lichtbogen ausgesetzt ist, jeweils von einer keramischen Schutzhülse umgeben sind. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the arc quenching device has at least two permanent magnets, each serving as an extinguishing element and are arranged and poled so that the arc of the at least two permanent magnets, which simultaneously form extinguishing elements, is attracted. Even more preferably even more permanent magnets per arc quenching device are provided. This enhances the arc extinguishing effect and increases the turn-off capability. The permanent magnets serving as extinguishing elements are all poled in the same direction for this purpose. It is advantageous if all the permanent magnets are surrounded at least in the area which is exposed to the arc, each of a ceramic protective sleeve.
Vorzugsweise ist/sind der/die Permanentmagnet(en) besonders stark, so dass die von dem/den Permanentmagneten auf den Lichtbogen wirkende magnetische Flussdichte zumindest 20 Millitesla, vorzugsweise zumindest 25 Millitesla, beträgt. So wird sichergestellt, dass der Lichtbogen ohne weitere Unterstützung von dem/den Permanentmagneten angesaugt und gelöscht wird. Preferably, the permanent magnet (s) are / are particularly strong, so that the magnetic flux density acting on the arc by the permanent magnet (s) is at least 20 millitesla, preferably at least 25 millitesla. This ensures that the arc is sucked in and out of the permanent magnet (s) without further assistance.
Dabei ist es von besonderem Vorteil, wenn die Permanentmagneten in derselben Weise voneinander beabstandet angeordnet sind, wie herkömmliche Löschbleche oder kerami- sehe Löschelemente. So wird eine besonders schnelle und effektive Löschung des Schaltlichtbogens bewirkt. Der Abstand zwischen den Permanentmagneten ist vorzugsweise größer als ein Millimeter, und liegt weiter vorzugsweise im Bereich zwischen 1 und 3 mm. Die beabstandete Anordnung der Permanentmagneten hat auch den Vorteil, dass das Plasma, welches durch den Schaltlichtbogen erzeugt wird, durch den Spalt zwischen den Permanentmagneten nach außen geleitet werden kann. Weiter vorzugsweise sind die Permanentmagneten länglich ausgebildet und so ausgerichtet, dass deren magnetische Achsen im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur projizierten Längsausrichtung der Schaltlichtbögen stehen. It is particularly advantageous if the permanent magnets are arranged spaced from each other in the same manner as conventional quenching plates or ceramic erase ers see. This causes a particularly fast and effective extinction of the switching arc. The distance between the permanent magnets is preferably greater than one millimeter, and is more preferably in the range between 1 and 3 mm. The spaced apart arrangement of the permanent magnets also has the advantage that the plasma generated by the switching arc can be conducted out through the gap between the permanent magnets. Further preferably, the permanent magnets are elongated and aligned so that their magnetic Axes are substantially perpendicular to the projected longitudinal orientation of the switching arcs.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung bestehen die Permanentmagnete aus Hartferrit. Hartferrit ist ein keramisches Material, wodurch sich die Permanentmagneten ähnlich wie herkömmliche Löschelemente aus Keramik besonders gut zur Lichtbogenlöschung eignen. Bei Verwendung von Hartferrit- Permanentmagneten wird auch eine besonders effektive Kühlung des Schaltlichtbogens erreicht. In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the permanent magnets are made of hard ferrite. Hard ferrite is a ceramic material, which makes the permanent magnets, similar to conventional ceramic extinguishing elements, particularly suitable for extinguishing arcs. When using hard ferrite permanent magnets, a particularly effective cooling of the switching arc is achieved.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung sind die Per- manentmagnete als Stabmagnete ausgeführt. Dadurch wird zum einen eine besonders gute Löschwirkung erzielt, zum anderen handelt es sich bei Stabmagneten um Standardbauteile, die besonders günstig bezogen werden können. Eine besonders effektive Löschwirkung wird erzielt, wenn die Permanentmagnete zylindrisch, also als Rundmagnete ausgeführt sind. Die Achsen der Permanentmagneten liegen vorzugsweise in einer gemeinsamen Ebene, und sind weiter vorzugsweise parallel zueinander ausgerichtet. In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the permanent magnets are designed as bar magnets. As a result, on the one hand, a particularly good extinguishing effect is achieved, on the other hand bar magnets are standard components which can be obtained in a particularly favorable manner. A particularly effective extinguishing effect is achieved when the permanent magnets are cylindrical, so designed as round magnets. The axes of the permanent magnets are preferably in a common plane, and are further preferably aligned parallel to each other.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung sind die Permanentmagnete mittels einer gemeinsamen Halterung an der elektrischen Schaltvorrichtung angebracht. Dadurch ergibt sich eine besonders einfache Montage. Durch die gemeinsame Halterung kann zudem sichergestellt werden, dass stets ein opti- maier Abstand zwischen den einzelnen Permanentmagneten eingehalten wird. Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, wenn die Halterung an die Schaltvorrichtung anklippbar ist. Dadurch wird die Montage weiter vereinfacht. Zudem ergibt sich dadurch der Vorteil, dass bestehende elektrische Schaltvorrichtungen, beispielsweise bestehende Gleichstromschütze, auf besonders einfache Weise erfindungsgemäß nachgerüstet werden können. Hierfür ist die Halterung vorzugsweise so ausgeführt, dass sie an das Gehäuse oder bestehende Bauteile der elektrischen Schaltvorrichtung angeklippt werden kann. Besonders geeignet für die Anbringung sind beispielsweise freiliegende oder zylindrisch umhüllte Verbindungsbolzen des Schaltergehäuses. In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the permanent magnets are attached to the electrical switching device by means of a common holder. This results in a particularly simple installation. Due to the common mounting, it is also possible to ensure that an optimal distance between the individual permanent magnets is always maintained. It is particularly advantageous if the holder can be clipped onto the switching device. This further simplifies assembly. In addition, this results in the advantage that existing electrical switching devices, such as existing DC contactors, can be retrofitted according to the invention in a particularly simple manner. For this purpose, the holder is preferably designed so that it can be clipped to the housing or existing components of the electrical switching device. For example, exposed or cylindrically enveloped connecting bolts of the switch housing are particularly suitable for mounting.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung den Löschbereichen zumindest zweier nebeneinander angeordneter Pole der Schaltvorrichtung zugeordnet, wobei sich der Permanentmagnet oder die Permanentmagnete der Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung über die gesamte Breite der nebeneinander angeordneten Schaltstellen erstreckt/erstrecken. Diese Ausführungsform eignet sich beispielsweise besonders bei zweipoligen Gleichstromschützen. Bei derartigen Schützen sind i. d. R. zwei Schaltstellen nebeneinander angeordnet, so dass auch zwei Schaltlichtbögen nebeneinander entstehen können. Diese Ausführungsform ist besonders kostengünstig und einfach herzustellen, da lediglich eine Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung für die Löschbereiche zweier oder sogar mehrerer nebeneinander liegender Pole erforderlich ist. In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the arc quenching device is assigned to the extinguishing regions of at least two poles of the switching device arranged next to one another, wherein the permanent magnet or extending the permanent magnets of the arc quenching device over the entire width of the juxtaposed switching points / extend. This embodiment is suitable, for example, especially in two-pole DC contactors. In such shooters usually two switching points are arranged side by side, so that two switching arcs can occur side by side. This embodiment is particularly inexpensive and easy to manufacture, since only one arc quenching device for the extinguishing areas of two or even several adjacent poles is required.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte und insbesondere platzsparende Anordnung ergibt sich dabei, wenn die Halterung der Permanentmagneten zumindest teilweise zwischen den nebeneinander angeordneten Schaltstellen bzw. Polen angeordnet ist. A particularly advantageous and particularly space-saving arrangement results when the holder of the permanent magnets is at least partially disposed between the juxtaposed switching points or poles.
Die Erfindung stellt ferner eine Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung für eine elektrische Schaltvorrichtung bereit. Die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung umfasst zumindest ein Löschelement und zumindest einen Permanentmagnet zur Beeinflussung eines beim Schaltvorgang auftre- tenden Lichtbogens, wobei der Lichtbogen durch ein vom Permanentmagnet erzeugtes Magnetfeld in das Löschelement geblasen wird. Erfindungsgemäß bildet der zumindest ein Permanentmagnet gleichzeitig das Löschelement und ist derart angeordnet und gepolt, dass der Lichtbogen vom Permanentmagnet angezogen wird, und dadurch magnetisch an den Permanentmagnet gesaugt und durch diesen gelöscht wird. Ferner stellt die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Erhöhung des Schaltvermögens eines elektrischen Schaltgeräts mit zumindest einer Schaltstelle sowie zumindest einer Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung, die der Schaltstelle zugeordnet ist, wobei die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung eine Vielzahl von Löschblechen oder keramischen Löschelementen zur Lichtbogenlöschung aufweist, bereit. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden ein oder mehrere Permanentmagneten im Bereich der Austrittsöffnung einer Löschkammer der Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung an der elektrischen Schaltvorrichtung angebracht, so dass der Permanentmagnet bzw. die Permanentmagneten ein Löschelement bildet/bilden und derart angeordnet und gepolt ist/sind, dass der Lichtbogen vom Permanentmagnet angezogen wird, und dadurch an den Permanentmagnet gesaugt und durch diesen gelöscht wird. Die Löschbleche oder keramischen Löschelemente können wahlweise entfernt werden oder zur zusätzlichen Unterstützung der Lichtbogenlöschung im Gerät verbleiben. The invention further provides an arc quenching device for an electrical switching device. The arc quenching device comprises at least one quenching element and at least one permanent magnet for influencing an arc occurring during the switching operation, wherein the arc is blown into the quenching element by a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. According to the invention, the at least one permanent magnet simultaneously forms the extinguishing element and is arranged and poled in such a way that the arc is attracted to the permanent magnet, and is thereby magnetically sucked onto the permanent magnet and extinguished by the latter. Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for increasing the switching capacity of an electrical switching device having at least one switching point and at least one arc quenching device associated with the switching point, the arc quenching device having a plurality of quenching plates or ceramic quenching elements for arc quenching ready. In the method according to the invention, one or more permanent magnets in the region of the discharge opening of a quenching chamber of the arc quenching device attached to the electrical switching device, so that the permanent magnet or the permanent magnet forms / form and poled is / are such that the arc from the permanent magnet is attracted, and thereby sucked to the permanent magnet and deleted by this. The quenching plates or Ceramic extinguishing elements can either be removed or left in the device for additional arc extinction support.
Alternativ umfass das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren die folgenden Verfahrensschritte: Alternatively, the method according to the invention comprises the following method steps:
- Entfernen der Löschbleche oder keramischen Löschelemente, und - Anbringen eines oder mehrerer Permanentmagneten an dem elektrischen Schaltgerät als Ersatz für die Löschbleche oder keramischen Löschelemente, so dass der Permanentmagnet bzw. die Permanentmagneten das Löschelement bildet/bilden und derart angeordnet und gepolt ist/sind, dass der Lichtbogen vom Permanentmagnet angezogen wird, und dadurch magnetisch an den Permanent- magnet gesaugt und durch diesen gelöscht wird. Removing the quenching plates or ceramic quenching elements, and attaching one or more permanent magnets to the electrical switching device as a substitute for the quenching plates or ceramic quenching elements so that the permanent magnet or permanent magnets form / form the quenching element and are / are polarized, that the arc is attracted by the permanent magnet, and thereby magnetically sucked to the permanent magnet and is deleted by this.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren können bestehende elektrische Schaltvorrichtungen, insbesondere Gleichstromschütze, auf einfache Weise nachgerüstet werden, um deren Schaltvermögen und insbesondere deren Kurzschlussschaltfähigkeit zu erhöhen. Die Permanentmagnete werden vorzugsweise unmittelbar vor den Öffnungen der Lösch- kammern angeordnet, aus welchen die herkömmlichen Löschbleche oder keramischen Löschelemente entfernt wurden. With the method according to the invention existing electrical switching devices, in particular DC contactors, can be easily retrofitted in order to increase their switching capacity and in particular their short-circuit switching capability. The permanent magnets are preferably arranged directly in front of the openings of the quenching chambers, from which the conventional quenching plates or ceramic quenching elements have been removed.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen: An embodiment of the present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1 ein zweipoliges Gleichstromschütz in Schrägansicht, Fig. 2 das Gleichstromschütz aus Fig. 1 in erfindungsgemäßer Ausführung mit daran angebrachten Permanentmagneten, 1 shows a two-pole DC contactor in an oblique view, FIG. 2 shows the DC contactor of FIG. 1 according to the invention with permanent magnets attached thereto, FIG.
Fig. 3 das erfindungsgemäße Schaltschütz aus Fig. 2 in einer Vorderansicht, 3 shows the contactor according to the invention from FIG. 2 in a front view, FIG.
Fig. 4 eine Detaildarstellung der an dem in den Fig. 1 - 3 dargestellten Schaltschütz angebrachten Permanentmagneten nebst entsprechender Halterung, Fig. 5 eine schematische Darstellung einer Schaltstelle des erfindungsgemäßen 4 shows a detailed representation of the permanent magnets attached to the contactor shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 together with a corresponding mounting, FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a switching point of the invention
Schaltschützes aus den Figuren 1 - 3 mit erfindungsgemäß angeordneten Permanentmagneten, und Fig. 6 die Darstellung aus Fig. 2 mit keramischen Schutzhülsen für die Permanentmagneten. Contactor of Figures 1 - 3 with inventively arranged permanent magnets, and Fig. 6 shows the representation of FIG. 2 with ceramic protective sleeves for the permanent magnets.
Für die folgenden Ausführungen gilt, dass gleiche Teile durch gleiche Bezugszeichen bezeichnet sind. Sofern in einer Zeichnung Bezugszeichen enthalten sind, auf die in der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung nicht näher eingegangen wird, so wird auf vorangehende oder nachfolgende Figurenbeschreibungen Bezug genommen. For the following statements applies that the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals. If reference signs are contained in a drawing, which are not discussed in detail in the associated description of the figures, reference is made to preceding or subsequent description of the figures.
Fig. 1 zeigt ein unidirektional schaltendes, zweipoliges Gleichstromschütz 1 herkömmlicher Bauart, das bereits für eine erfindungsgemäße Ausführung vorbereitet wurde. Das Schütz verfügt über ein Gehäuse 15, in dem die Schaltmechanik und die beweglichen Kontakte untergebracht sind. Unterhalb des eigentlichen Schaltergehäuses 15 ist der elektromagnetische Antrieb 16 des Schützes gezeigt. An der vorderen Gehäuseschmalseite sind zwei Anschlusskontakte 1 1 und 12 zu erkennen. Da es sich um ein zweipoliges Schaltschütz handelt, sind insgesamt vier Anschlusskontakte vorgesehen. Jeder der beiden an der vorderen Gehäuseschmalseite vorgesehenen Anschlusskontakte 11 und 12 kann mittels des Schaltschützes daher mit einem entsprechenden Anschlusskontakt auf der gegenüberliegenden Gehäuseschmalseite verbunden werden. Die vier Anschlusskontakte führen jeweils zu einem Festkontakt im Gehäuseinneren. Zusätzlich sind im Gehäuseinneren zwei Schaltbrücken angeordnet, die von dem elektromagnetischen Antrieb 16 betätigt werden und jeweils zwei der Festkontakte miteinander verbin- den bzw. voneinander trennen. Insgesamt bestehen somit vier Schaltstellen, und zwar jeweils zwischen einem der Festkontakte und der jeweils zugehörigen Kontaktbrücke. Jeder Schaltstelle ist eine Lichtbogenlöschkammer zugeordnet. An der vorderen Gehäuseschmalseite sind zwei der insgesamt vier Löschkammern zu erkennen, nämlich die linke Löschkammer 13 und die rechte Löschkammer 14. Beide der gezeigten Lösch- kammern 13 und 14 weisen jeweils eine Öffnung nach außen auf, damit das durch den Schaltlichtbogen erzeugte Plasma aus dem Gehäuseinneren nach außen gelangen kann. Deutlich zu erkennen sind in Fig. 1 die Einschubschlitze für herkömmliche Löschbleche, die bei dem gezeigten Schaltschütz bereits entfernt wurden. Ebenfalls zu erkennen sind die magnetischen Polplatten 6 der im Gehäuseinneren angeordneten Blasmagneten, durch die der Schaltlichtbogen bei der herkömmlichen Ausführung des Schaltschützes in die Löschbleche geblasen wird. Anstatt der herkömmlichen Löschbleche kommt bei dem gezeigten Schaltschütz eine erfindungsgemäße Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung zum Einsatz, die am Gehäuse 15 des Schaltschützes angebracht wird. Das Schaltschütz aus Fig. 1 ist in Fig. 2 mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung dargestellt. Sie besteht im Wesentlichen aus vier zylindrischen Permanentmagneten 3, die unmittelbar vor den Öffnungen der beiden Löschkammern 13 und 14 angeordnet sind. Wie insbesondere aus Fig. 4 hervorgeht, werden die vier Permanentmagneten 3 von einer gemeinsamen Halterung 7 gehalten, die an dem Gehäuse 15 des Schaltschützes 1 angebracht werden kann. Die Halterung sorgt dafür, dass die vier länglich ausgebildeten zylindrischen Permanentmagnete erstens parallel zueinander und zweitens leicht beabstandet voneinander gehalten werden. Die Achsen der vier Permanentmagneten liegen in einer Ebene, die parallel zur unmittelbar benachbarten Gehäuseschmalseite ausgerichtet ist. Die parallele Ausrichtung ist am besten in Fig. 3 zu erkennen. Fig. 3 zeigt darüber hinaus, dass auch die beiden an der gegenüber liegenden Gehäuseschmalseite befindlichen Schaltstellen mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung ausgerüstet sind. Der Abstand zwischen dem Außenumfang zweier benachbarter Permanentmagneten beträgt ca. 2 mm. Die Permanentmagneten 3 können beispielsweise mit der Halterung 7 verklebt oder verschraubt sein. Fig. 1 shows a unidirectionally switching, two-pole DC contactor 1 of conventional design, which has already been prepared for an embodiment of the invention. The contactor has a housing 15 in which the switching mechanism and the movable contacts are housed. Below the actual switch housing 15 of the electromagnetic drive 16 of the contactor is shown. On the front side of the housing two connection contacts 1 1 and 12 can be seen. Since it is a two-pole contactor, a total of four terminals are provided. Each of the two provided on the front side of the housing connecting contacts 11 and 12 can therefore be connected by means of the contactor with a corresponding terminal contact on the opposite side of the housing narrow side. The four connection contacts each lead to a fixed contact inside the housing. In addition, two switching bridges are arranged in the interior of the housing, which are actuated by the electromagnetic drive 16 and in each case connect or disconnect two of the fixed contacts with one another. Overall, there are thus four switching points, in each case between one of the fixed contacts and the respective associated contact bridge. Each switching point is assigned to an arc extinguishing chamber. Two of the four extinguishing chambers, namely the left-hand extinguishing chamber 13 and the right-hand extinguishing chamber 14, can be seen on the front side of the housing. Both of the extinguishing chambers 13 and 14 shown each have an opening to the outside, so that the plasma generated by the switching arc from the Housing interior can get outside. Clearly visible in Fig. 1, the insertion slots for conventional quenching plates, which have already been removed in the contactor shown. Also to be seen are the magnetic pole plates 6 of the inside arranged inside the blow magnet, through which the switching arc is blown in the conventional design of the contactor in the quenching plates. Instead of the conventional quenching plates in the contactor shown an arc quenching device according to the invention is used, which is attached to the housing 15 of the contactor. The contactor of Fig. 1 is shown in Fig. 2 with an arc quenching device according to the invention. It consists essentially of four cylindrical permanent magnets 3, which are arranged immediately in front of the openings of the two extinguishing chambers 13 and 14. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 4, the four permanent magnets 3 are held by a common holder 7, which can be attached to the housing 15 of the contactor 1. The holder ensures that the four elongated cylindrical permanent magnets are held firstly parallel to each other and secondly slightly spaced from each other. The axes of the four permanent magnets lie in a plane which is aligned parallel to the immediately adjacent housing narrow side. The parallel alignment is best seen in FIG. Fig. 3 shows, moreover, that the two located on the opposite side of the housing narrowing switching points are equipped with an arc quenching device according to the invention. The distance between the outer circumference of two adjacent permanent magnets is about 2 mm. The permanent magnets 3 can be glued or screwed, for example, with the holder 7.
Die Befestigung der erfindungsgemäßen Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung am Gehäuse 15 des Schaltschützes erfolgt mittels einer Klippverbindung. In Fig. 4 ist zu erkennen, dass die Halterung 7 der Permanentmagneten 3 hierfür über zwei federnde Klippenden 9 und 10 verfügt. Diese sind so ausgebildet, dass sie beim Anbringen der Halterung am Gehäuse mit den beiden in Fig. 1 gezeigten zylindrischen Gehäuseelementen 8 verrasten. Das obere Klippende 9 wird hierfür zunächst an dem oberen der beiden zylindrischen Gehäuseelemente 8 eingehängt, anschließend wird das untere Klippende 10 gegen das untere zylindrische Gehäuseelement gedrückt, so dass es leicht auffedert und anschließend mit diesem unteren zylindrischen Gehäuseelement verrastet. Bei den beiden zylindrischen Gehäuseelementen 8 handelt es sich um Abstandhalter, die zwischen den beiden Löschkammern 13 und 14 angeordnet sind und entsprechende Befestigungsbolzen, mit welchen das Gehäuse zusammengehalten wird, in dem Bereich zwischen den beiden Löschkammern umgeben. Dadurch, dass die Halterung 7 der Permanentmagneten 3 an den beiden zwischen den Löschkammern 13 und 14 angeordneten Abstandshaltern 8 angebracht ist, befindet sich auch die Halterung selbst zwischen den Öffnungen der beiden Löschkammern. Die Permanentmagnete 3 hingegen ragen seitlich aus der Halterung hervor und erstrecken sich daher jeweils auf einer Seite über die gesamte Breite der Öffnung der linken Löschkammer 13, und auf der anderen Seite über die gesamte Breite der Öffnung der rechten Löschkammer 14. Auf diese Weise wird für zwei Schaltstellen lediglich eine erfindungsgemäße Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung benötigt. The attachment of the arc quenching device according to the invention on the housing 15 of the contactor by means of a clip connection. In Fig. 4 it can be seen that the holder 7 of the permanent magnet 3 for this purpose has two resilient clip ends 9 and 10. These are designed so that they lock when mounting the holder on the housing with the two cylindrical housing elements 8 shown in Fig. 1. The upper end of the clip 9 is for this purpose first hung on the upper of the two cylindrical housing elements 8, then the lower end of the clip 10 is pressed against the lower cylindrical housing member, so that it springs easily and then locked with this lower cylindrical housing member. The two cylindrical housing elements 8 are spacers which are arranged between the two extinguishing chambers 13 and 14 and surround corresponding fastening bolts, with which the housing is held together, in the region between the two extinguishing chambers. Because the holder 7 of the permanent magnet 3 is attached to the two spacers 8 arranged between the extinguishing chambers 13 and 14, the holder itself is also located between the openings of the two extinguishing chambers. The permanent magnets 3, however, protrude laterally from the holder and therefore each extend on one side over the entire width of the opening of the left extinguishing chamber 13, and on the other side over the entire width of the opening of the right extinguishing chamber 14. In this way, only one arc quenching device according to the invention is required for two switching points.
In Fig. 5 ist eine schematische Darstellung zur Erläuterung der Funktionsweise der erfindungsgemäßen Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung gezeigt. Dargestellt ist eine Schaltstelle, bestehend aus einem der im Gehäuseinneren angeordneten Festkontakte 4 und dem diesem Festkontakt zugeordneten Ende der entsprechenden Kontaktbrücke 5. Das Ende der Kontaktbrücke bildet somit den beweglichen Gegenkontakt, der vom Antrieb 16 des erfindungsgemäßen Schaltschützes betätigt wird. Die Darstellung zeigt eine Momentaufnahme kurz nach dem öffnen der beiden Kontakte 4 und 5. Beim Öffnungsvorgang entsteht zwischen den Kontaktstellen ein Schaltlichtbogen 2, der durch das magnetische Feld des nicht dargestellten Blasmagneten, und darüber hinaus auch durch das magnetische Feld der erfindungsgemäßen Permanentmagneten 3, nach rechts in die Permanentmagneten 3 getrieben bzw. geblasen wird. Fig. 5 zeigt, dass die Achsen der Permanentmagneten 3 im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur projizierten Längserstreckung des Schaltlichtbogens 2 ausgerichtet sind. Daher ist auch das durch die Permanentmagneten 3 aufgebaute Magnetfeld im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Längserstreckung des Schaltlichtbogens ausgerichtet. Das Magnetfeld sorgt dafür, dass der Schaltlichtbogen 2 nach rechts abwandert und schließlich auf die Permanentmagneten 3 trifft. Er wird dort gelängt und in weiterer Folge gelöscht. Die Permanentmagneten bestehen erfindungsgemäß aus Hartferrit. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein keramisches Material, wodurch sich die Permanentmagneten 3 ähnlich wie herkömmliche Löschelemente aus Keramik hervorragend zur Kühlung und Löschung von Lichtbögen eignen. Das durch den Schaltlichtbogen 2 erzeugte Plasma wird durch die Schlitze zwischen den Permanentmagneten 3 nach außen transportiert. In Fig. 5 is a schematic representation for explaining the operation of the arc quenching device according to the invention is shown. Shown is a switching point, consisting of one of the inside of the housing arranged fixed contacts 4 and this fixed contact associated end of the corresponding contact bridge 5. The end of the contact bridge thus forms the movable mating contact, which is actuated by the drive 16 of the contactor according to the invention. The illustration shows a snapshot shortly after the opening of the two contacts 4 and 5. During the opening process arises between the contact points a switching arc 2, by the magnetic field of the blowing magnet, not shown, and beyond by the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 3 according to the invention, after is driven or blown right into the permanent magnet 3. FIG. 5 shows that the axes of the permanent magnets 3 are aligned substantially perpendicular to the projected longitudinal extension of the switching arc 2. Therefore, the magnetic field built up by the permanent magnets 3 is also aligned substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the switching arc. The magnetic field ensures that the switching arc 2 migrates to the right and finally hits the permanent magnet 3. He is lengthened there and subsequently deleted. The permanent magnets according to the invention consist of hard ferrite. This is a ceramic material, whereby the permanent magnets 3, like conventional ceramic extinguishing elements, are outstandingly suitable for cooling and extinguishing arcs. The plasma generated by the switching arc 2 is transported through the slots between the permanent magnet 3 to the outside.
In Fig. 6 ist eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung dargestellt. Die Darstellung entspricht der Darstellung aus Fig. 2, mit dem Unterschied, dass die Permanentmagneten 3 jeweils von einer Schutzhülse 17 aus Keramik umschlossen sind. Die Schutzhülsen sind hohlzylindrisch und liegen am Außenumfang des jeweiligen Permanentmagneten an. Sie können mit den Permanentmagneten beispielsweise verklebt sein. FIG. 6 shows a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention. The representation corresponds to the representation of FIG. 2, with the difference that the permanent magnets 3 are each enclosed by a protective sleeve 17 made of ceramic. The protective sleeves are hollow cylindrical and abut on the outer circumference of the respective permanent magnet. They can be glued to the permanent magnets, for example.
Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass sich die Erfindung nicht nur zur Nachrüstung bestehender Schaltschütze eignet, sondern auch und insbesondere bei völlig neu entwickelten elektrischen Schaltvorrichtungen zum Einsatz kommen kann. Die Erfindung bietet den Vorteil, dass das Schaltvermögen elektrischer Schaltvorrichtungen auf besonders einfache Weise und ohne signifikant erhöhten Platzbedarf verbessert werden kann. Blasanordnungen herkömmlicher Bauart, die den Schaltlichtbogen in die Löschanordnungen treiben, können zusätzlich vorgesehen werden, sind jedoch nicht immer zwingend erforderlich, da der Schaltlichtbogen bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung von den Permanentmagneten der Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung selbst angezogen wird. Die Permanentmagneten sind Blasmagnet und Löschelement zugleich. It should be noted that the invention is not only suitable for retrofitting existing contactors, but also and especially for completely new developed electrical switching devices can be used. The invention offers the advantage that the switching capacity of electrical switching devices can be improved in a particularly simple manner and without significantly increased space requirements. Blasanordnungen conventional design that drive the switching arc in the quenching arrangements, can be additionally provided, but are not always mandatory, since the switching arc is attracted to the inventive arc quenching device of the permanent magnets of the arc quenching device itself. The permanent magnets are blowing magnet and extinguishing element at the same time.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung (1), insbesondere Gleichstromschütz, mit zumindest einer Schaltstelle sowie zumindest einer der Schaltstelle zugeordneten Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung, wobei die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung zumindest ein Löschelement und zu- mindest einen Permanentmagnet (3) zur Beeinflussung eines beim Schaltvorgang auftretenden Lichtbogens (2) umfasst, wobei der Lichtbogen (2) durch ein vom Permanentmagnet (3) erzeugtes Magnetfeld in das Löschelement geblasen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zumindest eine Permanentmagnet (3) gleichzeitig das Löschelement bildet und derart angeordnet und gepolt ist, dass der Lichtbogen (2) vom Permanentmag- net (3) angezogen wird, und dadurch an den Permanentmagnet (3) gesaugt und durch diesen gelöscht wird. 1. Electrical switching device (1), in particular DC contactor, with at least one switching point and at least one switching point associated with the arc quenching device, the arc quenching device comprises at least one extinguishing element and at least one permanent magnet (3) for influencing an occurring during the switching arc (2), wherein the arc (2) is blown into the extinguishing element by a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet (3), characterized in that the at least one permanent magnet (3) simultaneously forms the extinguishing element and is arranged and poled such that the arc (2) of Permanent magnet (3) is tightened, and thereby sucked to the permanent magnet (3) and is deleted by this.
2. Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung eine Löschkammer (13, 14) aufweist, wobei die Löschkammer (13, 14) eine Austrittsöffnung aufweist, und wobei der zumindest eine als Lösch- element dienende Permanentmagnet (3) im Bereich der Austrittsöffnung angeordnet ist. 2. Electrical switching device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the arc quenching device has a quenching chamber (13, 14), wherein the quenching chamber (13, 14) has an outlet opening, and wherein the at least one serving as a quenching element permanent magnet ( 3) is arranged in the region of the outlet opening.
3. Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Permanentmagnet (3) zumindest in dem Bereich, der dem Lichtbogen ausgesetzt ist, von einer Schutzhülse (17) aus Keramik umschlossen ist. 3. Electrical switching device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the permanent magnet (3) is enclosed at least in the region which is exposed to the arc, by a protective sleeve (17) made of ceramic.
4. Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung zumindest zwei Permanentmagneten4. Electrical switching device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, character- ized in that the arc quenching device at least two permanent magnets
(3) aufweist, die jeweils als Löschelement dienen und derart angeordnet und in gleicher Richtung gepolt sind, dass der Lichtbogen (2) von den zumindest zwei Permanentmagneten (3), die gleichzeitig Löschelemente bilden, angezogen wird. (3), each serving as an extinguishing element and are arranged and poled in the same direction, that the arc (2) of the at least two permanent magnets (3), which simultaneously form extinguishing elements, is attracted.
5. Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass der/die Permanentmagnet(en) (3) besonders stark ist/sind, so dass die von dem/den Permanentmagneten (3) auf den Lichtbogen (2) wirkende magnetische Flussdichte zumindest 20 Millitesla, vorzugsweise zumindest 25 Millitesla, beträgt. 5. Electrical switching device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, character- ized in that the / the permanent magnet (s) (3) is / are particularly strong, so that the of the / the permanent magnet (3) on the Arc (2) acting magnetic flux density is at least 20 Millitesla, preferably at least 25 Millitesla.
6. Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Permanentmagneten (3) in derselben Weise voneinander beabstandet angeordnet sind wie herkömmliche Löschbleche oder keramische Löschelemente. 6. Electrical switching device (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the permanent magnets (3) are arranged spaced apart in the same manner as conventional quenching plates or ceramic extinguishing elements.
7. Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass die Permanentmagnete (3) aus Hartferrit bestehen. 7. Electrical switching device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, character- ized in that the permanent magnets (3) consist of hard ferrite.
8. Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Permanentmagnete (3) als zylindrische Stabmagnete ausgeführt sind. 8. Electrical switching device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the permanent magnets (3) are designed as cylindrical bar magnets.
9. Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass die Permanentmagnete (3) mittels einer gemeinsamen Halterung (7) an der elektrischen Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) angebracht sind. 9. Electrical switching device (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 8, character- ized in that the permanent magnets (3) by means of a common holder (7) on the electrical switching device (1) are mounted.
10. Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Halterung (7) an die Schaltvorrichtung (1) anclipbar ist. 10. Electrical switching device (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the holder (7) to the switching device (1) is anclipbar.
11. Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung zumindest zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Schaltstellen der Schaltvorrichtung (1) zugeordnet ist, wobei sich der Permanentmagnet (3) oder die Permanentmagnete (3) der Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung über die gesamte Breite der nebeneinander angeordneten Schaltstellen erstreckt/erstrecken. 11. Electrical switching device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, character- ized in that the arc quenching device is associated with at least two adjacent switching points of the switching device (1), wherein the permanent magnet (3) or the permanent magnets (3) of Arc quenching device over the entire width of the juxtaposed switching points extends / extend.
12. Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Halterung (7) zwischen den nebeneinander angeordneten Schaltstellen angeordnet ist. 12. Electrical switching device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the holder (7) is arranged between the juxtaposed switching points.
13. Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung für eine elektrische Schaltvorrichtung (1), wobei die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung durch die Merkmale eines der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 gekennzeichnet ist. 13. arc quenching device for an electrical switching device (1), wherein the arc quenching device is characterized by the features of one of claims 1 to 12.
14. Verfahren zur Erhöhung des Schaltvermögens einer elektrischen Schaltvorrichtung (1) mit zumindest einer Schaltstelle sowie zumindest einer Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung, die der Schaltstelle zugeordnet ist, wobei die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung eine Löschkammer (13, 14) mit einer Austrittsöffnung sowie eine Vielzahl von Löschblechen oder keramischen Löschelementen zur Lichtbogenlöschung aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich der Austrittsöffnung ein oder mehrere Permanentmagneten (3) an der elektrischen Schaltvorrichtung angebracht werden, so dass der Permanentmagnet (3) bzw. die Permanentmagneten (3) ein Löschelement bildet/bilden und derart angeordnet und gepolt ist/sind, dass der Lichtbogen (2) vom Permanentmagnet (3) angezogen wird, und dadurch an den Permanentmagnet (3) gesaugt und durch diesen gelöscht wird. 14. A method for increasing the switching capacity of an electrical switching device (1) having at least one switching point and at least one arc quenching device, which is associated with the switching point, wherein the arc quenching means a quenching chamber (13, 14) with an outlet opening and a plurality of quenching plates or ceramic quenching elements for Arc quenching, characterized in that in that one or more permanent magnets (3) are attached to the electrical switching device in the region of the outlet opening, so that the permanent magnet (3) or the permanent magnets (3) form / form an erasure element and are polarized such that the arc (2) is attracted to the permanent magnet (3), and thereby sucked to the permanent magnet (3) and deleted by this.
15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Löschbleche oder keramischen Löschelemente zunächst entfernt, und der oder die Permanentmagneten (3) als Ersatz für die Löschbleche oder keramischen Löschelemente an der elektrischen Schaltvorrichtung (1) angebracht wird/werden. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the quenching plates or ceramic extinguishing elements initially removed, and the one or more permanent magnets (3) as a replacement for the quenching plates or ceramic extinguishing elements on the electrical switching device (1) is mounted / be.
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CN106663555B (en) 2018-11-23
EP3123491B1 (en) 2020-07-15
ES2815273T3 (en) 2021-03-29
JP6591432B2 (en) 2019-10-16
KR101846768B1 (en) 2018-04-06
DE102014004455A1 (en) 2015-10-15
WO2015144309A1 (en) 2015-10-01
KR20160137616A (en) 2016-11-30
RU2016133465A (en) 2018-04-27
JP2017510033A (en) 2017-04-06
US9947489B2 (en) 2018-04-17
CN106663555A (en) 2017-05-10
UA117617C2 (en) 2018-08-27
RU2663880C2 (en) 2018-08-13
RU2016133465A3 (en) 2018-04-27
US20170178831A1 (en) 2017-06-22
DE102014004455B4 (en) 2021-10-07

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