EP3122494B1 - Device for die casting a metal component - Google Patents
Device for die casting a metal component Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3122494B1 EP3122494B1 EP15707393.3A EP15707393A EP3122494B1 EP 3122494 B1 EP3122494 B1 EP 3122494B1 EP 15707393 A EP15707393 A EP 15707393A EP 3122494 B1 EP3122494 B1 EP 3122494B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- valve
- supply channel
- feed channel
- valve body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 93
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 93
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims description 44
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000505 Al2TiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N propan-2-yl (e)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)C AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/08—Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
- B22D17/2023—Nozzles or shot sleeves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
- B22D17/203—Injection pistons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
- B22D17/2272—Sprue channels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
- B22D17/2272—Sprue channels
- B22D17/2281—Sprue channels closure devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/32—Controlling equipment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for die casting a metallic component.
- Die casting is an industrial casting process for the mass production of components.
- molten metal is pressed into the cavity of a die casting mold under high pressure of approx. 10 to 200 MPa and at a high mold filling speed of up to 120 m / s, where it then solidifies. It is with a permanent form, i.e. without model, worked.
- comparatively large and geometrically complex shaped components which are produced by means of die casting, require a comparatively large sprue system.
- the material in the sprue system solidifies together with the material that forms the actual component and must be subsequently removed. This represents a considerable processing effort.
- the ratio of the sprue mass to the mass of the component to be manufactured is one and larger. Die casting therefore generates more material waste than material is used for the component. This is uneconomical for several reasons. On the one hand, significantly more material has to be melted down for each component than is actually required for the component. Furthermore, the material waste must be disposed of after being separated or melted down again for reuse. Furthermore, the feed channels are regularly designed with comparatively large flow diameters in order to keep the cooling of the melt in the sprue system and the flow resistance as low as possible. As a result of In large-volume design, however, the melt solidifies in the sprue system regularly significantly later than in the cavity of the die-casting mold itself.
- cycle times that can be achieved are thus limited by the time required for the material in the sprue system to solidify. Furthermore, the size of the die-casting mold and the closing forces required for closing the two-part die-casting mold, and thus the system expenditure, are increased by the sprue system.
- the disadvantages caused by the sprue system of a die casting device can in principle also occur in the technologically similar injection molding of plastics.
- this can be avoided by designing an injection molding device with a so-called hot runner system.
- the sprue system is at a higher temperature and thermally insulated than the rest of the injection molding tool. This prevents the material from solidifying in the sprue system. It is therefore available for the injection molding of a subsequent component.
- Valves which are arranged in the transition from the sprue system to the cavity, decouple the solidifying material in the cavity from the material in the sprue system and enable the solidified component to be removed from the mold without the sprue. Due to the elimination of a solidified sprue on the component, the above-mentioned Disadvantages are avoided.
- the object of the invention was to provide a possibility for implementing a hot runner system which is known in principle and is practically implemented in plastic injection molding when pressure-casting metal components.
- a device for die-casting a metallic component with a die-casting mold that has a cavity that forms the component, the cavity being connected to a source for a molten metal via at least one temperature-controlled feed channel and the molten metal being introduced into the cavity via at least one pouring valve ,
- the feed channel forms an annular channel in which molten metal can be permanently conveyed in the circuit by means of a conveying device.
- a number of advantages can be generated by designing the feed channel as an annular channel.
- this enables the permanent conveyance of the material located in the feed channel and thus also when no material is being introduced into the cavity, as is the case, for example, when the material in the cavity hardens to form the component or when the component is removed from the mold. Permanent conveyance and thus movement of the material in the feed channel ensures thorough mixing and thus also prevents local hardening of the material in the feed channel.
- DE 103 59 692 A1 discloses a device for die casting a metallic component with a die which has a cavity which forms the component, the cavity being connected to a source for a metal melt via a temperature-controlled feed channel [26] and the metal melt being introduced into the cavity via at least a pouring valve is made from the EP 2 835 192 A1 (State of the art according to Art. 54 (3) EPC), a die casting device with a ring line is disclosed, pumping means being provided in the form of coils for conveying or heating the melt.
- the pressure conditions in the feed channel can be influenced better due to the annular configuration. This applies in particular if, as is preferably provided, more than one conveyor device is provided. Influencing the pressure conditions in the feed channel can be particularly advantageous if, as is preferably provided, a plurality of pouring valves are arranged distributed along the feed channel.
- the metal melt can in particular be a melt of a light metal, in particular aluminum or magnesium, or an alloy comprising such a light metal.
- the feed channel is integrated in a stationary part of the die casting mold.
- the die-casting mold then also has at least one mobile part, which can be removed from the stationary part in order to enable the component to be removed from the mold.
- the source for the molten metal comprises a retention space and a metal melt reservoir which is separably connected to the retention space.
- the separation of the source for the molten metal into a storage space and a molten metal reservoir makes it possible to isolate a defined amount of the molten metal in order to subsequently introduce a corresponding amount of the molten metal into the cavity in order to pressure-cast the component.
- the metal melt contained in the storage space can be discharged into the feed channel by means of pressure generating means.
- the pressure generating means can preferably be at least one piston, which can in particular be designed to be hydraulically displaceable in order to change the volume of the reserve space.
- a controllable valve can be provided which, if necessary, closes or at least partially opens a transition opening formed between the retention space and the metal smelting reservoir.
- the feed channel opens into the reserve space at at least two points.
- the reserve space can advantageously be integrated into a circulation promotion of the molten metal in the feed channel. In particular, this can also positively influence the introduction of the molten metal into the cavity via several pouring valves, since the flow paths of the molten metal from the storage space to the individual pouring valves can be kept comparatively short.
- the feed channel is formed in at least one section from pipe sections, in particular straight pipe sections and from connecting pieces connecting the pipe sections.
- a feed channel can be formed which is of simple construction and at the same time can compensate for the considerable loads which are exerted by the molten metal on the components forming the feed channel, in particular the different thermally-induced elongations.
- the ends of the pipe pieces are inserted into corresponding receiving openings of the connecting pieces.
- a defined longitudinal mobility of the ends of the pipe sections can be provided in the receiving openings, in order to be able to compensate for different thermally induced elongations of the pipe sections on the one hand and of the connecting pieces on the other hand.
- the connecting pieces integrate a curved channel section and / or a pouring valve.
- the integration of curved sections of the feed channel and of functional elements of the device thus preferably takes place in the connecting pieces, which may be of larger volume.
- the pipe pieces and the connecting pieces are each formed at least to a large extent from the same material.
- a ceramic material such as aluminum titanate and / or silicon nitride, can be used in particular as the material for the pipe pieces and / or for the connecting pieces.
- the conveyor device is designed to be electromagnetically active. This is designed in such a way that moving magnetic fields are generated, which cause the movement of the molten metal by the action of magnetic force. This enables all parts of the conveyor to be positioned outside the molten metal. A positioning of conveying elements, such as a pump wheel, within the molten metal can thereby be avoided.
- a pouring valve for a device can preferably have a valve body which is movable transversely and in particular perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the feed channel and which, in a closed position, closes an outlet opening connecting the feed channel to the cavity and at least partially opens the outlet opening in an open position.
- a valve seat is formed for the valve body, which is designed to widen in the direction of the feed channel.
- a head of the valve body can be designed to taper in the direction of the cavity.
- the quality of the component to be produced can be positively influenced in a known manner by post-compression of the molten metal introduced into the cavity. In particular, a reduction in pores and air pockets can be achieved.
- a device for recompression of the molten metal introduced into the cavity can be carried out at several suitable locations on the casting mold.
- it may be advantageous to integrate a hold-down piston which can be moved into a position projecting into the cavity into the pouring valve and in particular the valve body.
- the replenishing piston can be moved into a gating system that is present anyway (but according to the invention is very small in volume) between the outlet of the pouring valve and the cavity of the casting mold. This not only avoids an additional surface defect on the component caused by the pressure piston, but also, if necessary, also further reduces the volume of the sprue system and thus a sprue remaining on the component.
- the valve body and / or the plunger can preferably be actively operable independently of one another in both directions (retraction and extension).
- at least one corresponding actuating device can be provided, which can particularly preferably be designed to act hydraulically.
- provision can preferably be made to thermally isolate the actuating device (s) from the feed channel in order to keep the thermal load on the actuating device as low as possible as a result of heat transfer from the molten metal guided in the feed channel.
- the thermal insulation can, for example, by constructive separation Intermediate arrangement of insulating elements or air-filled spaces.
- the Fig. 1 shows schematically an inventive device for die casting a metallic component.
- the device comprises a die 1, which can be exchangeably stored in a press device 2. To replace it, the die 1 can be moved out of or into the press device, for example along the double arrow 3.
- the die-casting mold 1 comprises an in the Fig. 1 shown lower part, which is fixed with a in the Fig. 1
- the stationary part of the press device 2 shown can be connected, and an upper part, not shown, which can be firmly connected to a mobile part of the press device 2, not shown.
- the die-casting mold can be closed by moving the mobile part of the press device 2 by means of hydraulic cylinders 4, the upper part of the die-casting mold 1 then sealingly resting on the lower part of the die-casting mold 1.
- a largely closed cavity 5 is formed centrally within the die 1, which represents the negative shape of the component to be produced.
- a feed channel 6 for molten metal, from which the component is to be die-cast is integrated.
- the integration into the stationary lower part of the die 1 is preferably carried out.
- the integration of the feed channel 6 into the die 1 can be provided interchangeably, for example by replacing the corresponding elements (pipe pieces 7 and connecting pieces 8) of the feed channel 6 in corresponding receiving openings or recesses Base body of the die 1 are arranged.
- the feed channel is composed, on the one hand, of straight pipe sections 7 and connecting pieces 8. How from the Fig. 4 results, the connection between the pipe sections 7 and the connecting pieces 8 takes place by inserting one end of a pipe section 7 adjoining a connecting piece 8 into a corresponding receiving opening of this connecting piece 8. It can be provided that the receiving openings have a defined oversize in both radial and have the longitudinal axial direction of the pipe sections 7 in order to compensate for a thermally induced elongation of these elements that occurs during operation.
- a seal between the outside of the inserted ends of the pipe sections 7 and the inner walls of the corresponding receiving openings can be provided by a separate sealing element 9, for example in the form of a metal O-ring, in particular a so-called Wills ring.
- channel sections 10 which are curved by 90 ° are integrated.
- a pouring valve 11 is integrated in each of the two connecting pieces 8 arranged in the center.
- the pouring valves 11 serve to introduce the metal melt contained in the feed channel 6 into the cavity 5 in a defined manner during the die casting of the component. If the cavity 5 is filled, it is separated from the feed channel 6 by closing the pouring valves 11. As a result, the metal melt contained in the cavity 5 can harden independently of the metal melt contained in the feed channel 6, and the component can be removed from the mold after the hardening.
- the connecting pieces 8 are actively heated.
- each include a heating device, not shown. This can in particular be operated electrically. In contrast, no active heating is provided for the pipe sections 7 (but possible). These are thus only passively heated by heat transfer from the molten metal and thereby brought to a temperature which corresponds approximately to that of the connecting pieces 8.
- the pipe sections 7, but optionally also the connecting pieces 8 can be provided on the outside with thermal insulation.
- a connecting piece 8 is also shown, which serves only as a connecting sleeve 12 for two pipe pieces, and thus does not integrate a curved channel section 10 nor a pouring valve 11.
- Such a connector 8 can be used in particular to keep the length of the individual pipe pieces 7 connected to it short.
- the pipe pieces 7 and the connecting pieces 8 are formed as largely as possible from the same material.
- a ceramic material such as aluminum titanate and / or silicon nitride, may be particularly suitable for this.
- Such a ceramic material can be characterized in particular by good high-temperature resistance and good chemical resistance to the molten metal (in particular in the case of an aluminum-molten metal).
- the device according to the invention also comprises a supply and feed part 13.
- a source for the molten metal is integrated in this.
- the source comprises a storage space 14 tempered by, in particular, an electrical heating device and a metal melt reservoir 15.
- the storage space 14 is connected in a fluid-conducting manner to the metal melt reservoir 15 via a transfer line 16, the fluid-conducting connection being closable as required by means of a controllable melt valve 17, as a result of which a pressure-resistant separation between the retention space 14 and the metal smelting reservoir 15 can be reached.
- the retention space 14 is connected to the section of the feed channel 6 formed in the die casting mold 1 via two connection sections 18 of the feed channel 6 which are also tempered.
- the connecting sections 18 are connected via preferably automatically releasable coupling devices 20 to the section of the feed channel 6 integrated in the die 1.
- the metal melt reservoir 15 is designed as a container which is open at the top and which can be filled in a known manner, for example using a metering spoon or a metering oven.
- the transfer line 16 goes off at the bottom of the metal melt reservoir 15 and leads to a transfer opening 21 which opens at the lowest point into the cylindrically designed storage space 14.
- the transfer opening 21 is closed or opened by means of a casting piston 22 depending on the switching position of the melt valve 17.
- the reserve space 14 is first filled.
- the melt valve 17 is opened, as a result of which the retention space 14 is filled by the hydrostatic pressure of the metal melt contained in the metal melt reservoir 15.
- the fill level in the metal melt reservoir 15 should always be at least as high as the highest point of the storage space 14. Venting of the holding space 14 during the pre-filling with molten metal can take place via the feed channel 6 and the opened pouring valves 11 (or one or more separate (not shown) venting valves).
- an operation of the conveying devices 19, in which both convey in the direction of the storage space 14 can overflow of molten metal entering the storage space 14 from the metal melt reservoir 15 via the connecting sections 18 into the section of the die mold 1 integrated into the die casting mold 1 Feed channel 6 prevented and thus a largely complete pre-filling of the reserve space 14 can be achieved.
- the feed channel 6 can then be filled with the molten metal.
- the melt valve 17 is opened again and, at the same time, the two conveying devices 19 are switched in such a way that they convey molten metal in the direction of the feed channel 6 (ie “forward”).
- the pre-filling of the holding space 14 ensures an uninterrupted suction of molten metal from the molten metal reservoir 15.
- the conveying devices 19 can be operated at full power, which leads to a filling of the feed channel 6 with the molten metal under a pressure of, for example, a maximum 5 bar can lead.
- one of the conveying devices 19 is operated further forward with a reduced power of, for example, 20%, while the second conveying device 19 continues to convey forward with increased, for example full power.
- This circuit of the conveyor devices 19 is referred to below as a "circulation circuit".
- the circulation circuit of the conveying devices 19 creates a pressure difference between the two connecting sections 18 of the feed channel 6, which ensures a constant circulation of the molten metal in the feed channel 6 (together with the storage space 14) forming an annular channel.
- a casting piston 22 is extended with a filled supply space 14 and feed channel 6 by means of a hydraulic drive 23, in particular, in such a way that the metal melt contained in the feed space 14 and the feed duct 6 is pressurized. Then the pouring valves 11 are opened and the quantity of molten metal required for the casting is pushed into the feed channel 6 via the pouring piston 22. After the cavity 5 has been completely filled with the molten metal, the pouring valves 11 close again. During the die casting, the circulation circuit of the conveyor devices 19 remains activated.
- the reserve space 14 can then be refilled in order to prepare the die-casting of a further component.
- the melt valve 17 is opened and the casting piston 22 is retracted, so that molten metal - supported by the hydrostatic pressure - is sucked into the reservoir 14 from the metal reservoir 15.
- the reserve space 14 is filled with a quantity of molten metal which corresponds approximately to the quantity of the material required for the component.
- the volume and thus the amount of molten metal that can be introduced into the holding space 14 can be adjusted via the position of the retracted casting piston 22.
- the melt valve 17 is closed.
- the circulation circuit of the conveying devices 19 also remains activated. As a result of the forward conveying of both conveying devices 19, it can be avoided that the feed channel 6 is partially emptied when the reserve space 14 is refilled and that for filling the Rather, the holding space 14 needs to be drawn in exclusively from the metal melt reservoir 15.
- the feed channel 6, the retention space 14 and, if appropriate, also the metal melt reservoir 15 should be emptied.
- both conveying devices 19 are switched backwards and the melt valve 17 and, for ventilation, the pouring valves 11 (or the separate vent valves) are opened.
- the molten metal is then conveyed into the molten metal reservoir 15 by means of the conveying devices 19.
- the metal melt reservoir 15 and also the retention space 14 can be completely emptied by opening a drain valve 24 integrated in the transfer line 16.
- the empty die 1 can be automatically uncoupled and moved out of the press device 2.
- FIGS 5a to 5f The actuation of a pouring valve 11 as part of the die casting of a component is shown in FIGS 5a to 5f shown in six steps or switch positions.
- the shows Fig. 5a the switching position of the pouring valve 11, in which it is located, while the cavity 5 of the die 1 is prepared for die casting. This can be cleaned and sprayed with a release agent.
- a valve body 25 of the pouring valve 11 is in a position closing an outlet opening 26 of the pouring valve 11.
- a plunger 27 is positioned in an extended position in the direction of the cavity 5. The plunger 27 projects beyond the valve body 25 into a sprue section 28 of the cavity 5.
- the plunger 27 is first moved into a retracted position (cf. Fig. 5b ) and then the valve body 25 is also moved into an open position (cf. Fig. 5c ).
- valve body 25 is first closed (cf. Fig. 5d ) and then extend the plunger 27 (cf. Fig. 5e ).
- the metal melt in the cavity 5 recompressed, which benefits the quality of the die-cast component in a known manner.
- the switch position according to the Fig. 5e is maintained until the material in the cavity 5 has solidified and cooled in a defined manner and can thus be removed from the mold.
- the plunger 27 is moved into the retracted position (cf. Fig. 5f ).
- FIGS 6 to 11 A possible embodiment of the pouring valve 11 is shown in FIGS 6 to 11 shown in different views and sectional views.
- the pouring valve 11 comprises a housing 29, which can also be a housing of the corresponding connector 8 of the feed channel 6 or which is integrated in an additional housing of such a connector 8.
- the housing 29 comprises two housing parts 30, 31.
- a first housing part 30 integrates a first through opening, which forms a section of the feed channel 6, and two receiving openings 32, which each serve to receive one end of a pipe section 7 of the feed channel 6 (cf. Fig. 4 ). Furthermore, a second through opening is integrated into this first housing part 30, which runs perpendicular to the first through opening and forms the outlet opening 26 of the pouring valve 11 in one section and serves to guide the movable valve body 25 in another section.
- a section of the outlet opening 26 lying adjacent to the first through opening is designed to taper in the direction of the cavity 5. This section of the outlet opening 26 serves as a valve seat for the valve body 25. Its front end, which faces the outlet opening 26, is also designed to be tapered.
- the angle that the conical lateral surface of the valve body 25 forms with the longitudinal axis of the valve body 25 is smaller than the angle that the conical wall section of the outlet opening 26 forms with the longitudinal axis of the outlet opening. Furthermore, it can be provided that the conical section of the lateral surface of the valve body 25 and / or the conical wall section of the outlet opening 26 have a slightly curved course, as a result of which a secure, full contact of the valve body 25 in the valve seat can be guaranteed.
- a second housing part 31 comprises two actuating devices in the form of coaxially aligned hydraulic cylinders.
- a first hydraulic cylinder which is closer to the first housing part, serves to move the valve body 25, while the pressure piston 27 can be moved via the second hydraulic cylinder.
- the end of the pressing piston 27, which is spaced apart from the cavity 5 is directly connected to a piston 33, which can be displaced within a cylinder tube 34 by generating a pressure difference on the two sides separated from the piston 33.
- the first hydraulic cylinder also comprises a piston 35 which is displaceable within the cylinder tube 41 of the first hydraulic cylinder by generating a pressure difference.
- the annular disk-shaped piston 35 is movably guided on the plunger 27, which thus extends through the first hydraulic cylinder, but without influencing its function.
- the piston 35 of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the valve body 25 via three rods 36, which are positioned at a uniform division around the pressure piston 27.
- the 12 to 20 still show various alternative embodiments for pouring valves 11, which are in the inventive device according to the Fig. 1 can be used.
- the show 12a and 12b a pouring valve 11, in which a cylindrical valve body 25 is movably mounted perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the section of the feed channel 6 formed by a housing 29 of the pouring valve 11.
- the outlet opening 26 of the pouring valve 11 is cylindrical with an approximately the outer diameter of the valve body 25 corresponding inner diameter executed. In the closed position, the valve body 25 closes the outlet opening 26 by radial contact with its inner wall (cf. Fig. 12b ).
- the outlet opening 26 is of stepped design and comprises a first section adjacent to the cavity 5, in which the inside diameter is smaller than the outside diameter of the valve body 25.
- Located adjacent to the feed channel 6 is a second section of the outlet opening 26, in which the inside diameter is slightly larger than the outside diameter of the valve body 25. In the closed position of the valve body 25, it therefore rests on the end face against the shoulder formed between the two sections of the outlet opening 26.
- valve body 25 is arranged around a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the portion of the feed channel 6 formed by the housing 29.
- the valve body 25 comprises a first through opening 38 extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the section of the feed channel 6.
- a second through opening 39 extends from this first through opening 38 in an eccentric arrangement with an orientation extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the first through opening 38.
- This second through opening 39 merges into the outlet opening 26 in the open rotational position of the valve body 25, as a result of which the feed channel 6 is connected to the outlet opening 26 in a fluid-conducting manner via the two through openings 38, 39.
- the maximum outside diameter of the valve body 25 is smaller than the width or the diameter of the portion of the feed channel 6 formed by the pouring valve 11.
- the pouring valve 11 shown comprises a valve body 25 in the form of a displaceable valve plate arranged on the outside on the housing 29 of the pouring valve 11.
- a valve body 25 in the form of a displaceable valve plate arranged on the outside on the housing 29 of the pouring valve 11.
- two outlet openings 26, which are arranged offset in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the portion of the feed channel 6 formed by the pouring valve 11, are provided, which are in the open position of the valve plate with a respective through opening 40 in the valve plate. Moving the valve plate into a closed position leads to the outlet openings 26 being covered by the valve plate.
- the pouring valve 11 shown uses a socket-shaped valve body 25 which bears against the wall of the section of the feed channel 6 formed by the pouring valve 11.
- the socket-shaped valve body 25 comprises a radially extending through opening 40 which is in an (open) rotational position in overlap with the outlet opening 26.
- the pouring valve 11 shown also comprises a socket-shaped valve body 25 with a through opening 40 which can be brought into overlap with the outlet opening 26, in which case the opening or closing of the pouring valve 11 by moving the socket-shaped valve body 25 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the section formed by the pouring valve 11 of the feed channel 6 is effected.
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Druckgießen eines metallischen Bauteils.The present invention relates to a device for die casting a metallic component.
Der Druckguss ist ein industrielles Gießverfahren für die Massenproduktion von Bauteilen. Hierfür kommen in der Regel metallische Werkstoffe mit niedrigem Schmelzpunkt, wie beispielsweise Aluminium und Magnesium, zum Einsatz.Die casting is an industrial casting process for the mass production of components. Metallic materials with a low melting point, such as aluminum and magnesium, are generally used for this.
Beim Druckguss wird Metallschmelze unter hohem Druck von ca. 10 bis 200 MPa und mit einer hohen Formfüllgeschwindigkeit von bis zu 120 m/s in die Kavität einer Druckgussform gedrückt, wo diese dann erstarrt. Dabei wird mit einer Dauerform, d.h. ohne Modell, gearbeitet.In die casting, molten metal is pressed into the cavity of a die casting mold under high pressure of approx. 10 to 200 MPa and at a high mold filling speed of up to 120 m / s, where it then solidifies. It is with a permanent form, i.e. without model, worked.
Insbesondere vergleichsweise große und geometrisch komplex geformte Bauteile, die mittels Druckguss hergestellt werden, benötigen ein vergleichsweise großes Angusssystem. Darunter werden Zuführkanäle verstanden, die die Gießkammer mit der Kavität der Druckgussform verbinden. Das in dem Angusssystem befindliche Material erstarrt gemeinsam mit dem das eigentliche Bauteil ausbildenden Material und muss nachträglich entfernt werden. Dies stellt einen erheblichen Bearbeitungsaufwand dar.In particular, comparatively large and geometrically complex shaped components, which are produced by means of die casting, require a comparatively large sprue system. This includes supply channels that connect the casting chamber with the cavity of the die. The material in the sprue system solidifies together with the material that forms the actual component and must be subsequently removed. This represents a considerable processing effort.
Vielfach beträgt das Verhältnis der Angussmasse zu der Masse des herzustellenden Bauteils eins und größer. Beim Druckguss wird somit mehr Materialabfall erzeugt als Material für das Bauteil genutzt wird. Dies ist aus mehreren Gründen unwirtschaftlich. Zum einen muss für jedes Bauteil deutlich mehr Material eingeschmolzen werden, als für das Bauteil eigentlich benötigt wird. Weiterhin muss der Materialabfall nach dem Abtrennen entsorgt oder zur Wiederverwendung erneut eingeschmolzen werden. Weiterhin werden die Zuführkanäle regelmäßig mit vergleichsweise großen Strömungsdurchmessern ausgelegt, um die Abkühlung der Schmelze in dem Angusssystem sowie den Strömungswiderstand möglichst gering zu halten. Infolge der großvolumigen Auslegung erstarrt die Schmelze in dem Angusssystem jedoch regelmäßig deutlich später als in der Kavität der Druckgussform selbst. Die erreichbaren Zykluszeiten werden somit durch die für das Erstarren des Materials in dem Angusssystem benötigte Zeit beschränkt. Weiterhin wird durch das Angusssystem die Größe der Druckgussform und die für das Schließen der zweiteiligen Druckgussform benötigten Schließkräfte und damit der Anlagenaufwand erhöht.In many cases, the ratio of the sprue mass to the mass of the component to be manufactured is one and larger. Die casting therefore generates more material waste than material is used for the component. This is uneconomical for several reasons. On the one hand, significantly more material has to be melted down for each component than is actually required for the component. Furthermore, the material waste must be disposed of after being separated or melted down again for reuse. Furthermore, the feed channels are regularly designed with comparatively large flow diameters in order to keep the cooling of the melt in the sprue system and the flow resistance as low as possible. As a result of In large-volume design, however, the melt solidifies in the sprue system regularly significantly later than in the cavity of the die-casting mold itself. The cycle times that can be achieved are thus limited by the time required for the material in the sprue system to solidify. Furthermore, the size of the die-casting mold and the closing forces required for closing the two-part die-casting mold, and thus the system expenditure, are increased by the sprue system.
Die durch das Angusssystem einer Druckgießvorrichtung hervorgerufenen Nachteile können grundsätzlich auch beim technologisch ähnlichen Spritzgießen von Kunststoffen auftreten. Vermieden werden kann dies jedoch durch eine Ausbildung einer Spritzgießvorrichtung mit einem sogenannten Heißkanalsystem. Bei einer solchen Spritzgießvorrichtung ist das Angusssystem gegenüber dem restlichen Spritzgusswerkzeug höher temperiert und thermisch isoliert. Dadurch wird verhindert, dass das Material im Angusssystem erstarrt. Somit steht es für das Spritzgießen eines darauffolgenden Bauteils zur Verfügung. Ventile, die im Übergang von dem Angusssystem zur Kavität angeordnet sind, entkoppeln das erstarrende Material in der Kavität von dem Material im Angusssystem und ermöglichen die Entformung des erstarrten Bauteils ohne den Anguss. Durch den so erreichten Fortfall eines erstarrten Angusses an dem Bauteil können die o.g. Nachteile vermieden werden.The disadvantages caused by the sprue system of a die casting device can in principle also occur in the technologically similar injection molding of plastics. However, this can be avoided by designing an injection molding device with a so-called hot runner system. In such an injection molding device, the sprue system is at a higher temperature and thermally insulated than the rest of the injection molding tool. This prevents the material from solidifying in the sprue system. It is therefore available for the injection molding of a subsequent component. Valves, which are arranged in the transition from the sprue system to the cavity, decouple the solidifying material in the cavity from the material in the sprue system and enable the solidified component to be removed from the mold without the sprue. Due to the elimination of a solidified sprue on the component, the above-mentioned Disadvantages are avoided.
Es wurde bereits angedacht, das vom Kunststoff-Spritzgießen bekannte Heißkanalsystem auf eine Vorrichtung für das Druckgießen metallischer Bauteile zu übertragen, siehe
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik hat der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde gelegen, eine Möglichkeit zur Umsetzung eines vom Kunststoff-Spritzgießen prinzipiell bekannten und praktisch umgesetzten Heißkanalsystems beim Druckgießen von metallischen Bauteilen anzugeben.On the basis of this prior art, the object of the invention was to provide a possibility for implementing a hot runner system which is known in principle and is practically implemented in plastic injection molding when pressure-casting metal components.
Voranstehende Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung zum Druckgießen eines metallischen Bauteils mit einer Druckgussform mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Weitere Merkmale und Details der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen.The above object is achieved by a device for die-casting a metallic component with a die-casting mold with the features of claim 1. Further features and details of the invention result from the subclaims, the description and the drawings.
Bei einer Vorrichtung zum Druckgießen eines metallischen Bauteils mit einer Druckgussform, die eine das Bauteil ausformende Kavität aufweist, wobei die Kavität über mindestens einen temperierten Zuführkanal mit einer Quelle für eine Metallschmelze verbunden ist und wobei ein Einbringen der Metallschmelze in die Kavität über mindestens ein Gießventil erfolgt, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass der Zuführkanal einen Ringkanal ausbildet, in dem Metallschmelze mittels einer Fördereinrichtung im Kreislauf permanent förderbar ist.In a device for die-casting a metallic component with a die-casting mold that has a cavity that forms the component, the cavity being connected to a source for a molten metal via at least one temperature-controlled feed channel and the molten metal being introduced into the cavity via at least one pouring valve , It is provided according to the invention that the feed channel forms an annular channel in which molten metal can be permanently conveyed in the circuit by means of a conveying device.
Mit der Ausbildung des Zuführkanals als Ringkanal können eine Reihe von Vorteilen generiert werden. Insbesondere ermöglicht dies die permanente Förderung des im Zuführkanals befindlichen Materials und somit auch dann, wenn gerade kein Material in die Kavität eingebracht wird, wie dies beispielsweise beim Aushärten des Materials in der Kavität zur Ausbildung des Bauteils oder bei dem Entformen des Bauteils der Fall ist. Eine permanente Förderung und damit Bewegung des Materials im Zuführkanal sorgt für eine Durchmischung und verhindert dadurch auch ein lokales Aushärten des Materials im Zuführkanal.A number of advantages can be generated by designing the feed channel as an annular channel. In particular, this enables the permanent conveyance of the material located in the feed channel and thus also when no material is being introduced into the cavity, as is the case, for example, when the material in the cavity hardens to form the component or when the component is removed from the mold. Permanent conveyance and thus movement of the material in the feed channel ensures thorough mixing and thus also prevents local hardening of the material in the feed channel.
Aus der
Ein weiterer relevanter Vorteil, der durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung realisiert werden kann, liegt darin, dass die Druckverhältnisse im Zuführkanal aufgrund der ringförmigen Ausgestaltung besser beeinflussbar sind. Dies gilt insbesondere dann, wenn, wie vorzugsweise vorgesehen, mehr als eine Fördereinrichtung vorgesehen ist. Eine Beeinflussung der Druckverhältnisse in dem Zuführkanal kann insbesondere vorteilhaft sein, wenn, wie vorzugsweise vorgesehen, mehrere Gießventile entlang des Zuführkanals verteilt angeordnet sind.Another relevant advantage that can be realized by the configuration of the device according to the invention is that the pressure conditions in the feed channel can be influenced better due to the annular configuration. This applies in particular if, as is preferably provided, more than one conveyor device is provided. Influencing the pressure conditions in the feed channel can be particularly advantageous if, as is preferably provided, a plurality of pouring valves are arranged distributed along the feed channel.
Bei der Metallschmelze kann es sich insbesondere um eine Schmelze eines Leichtmetalls, insbesondere Aluminium oder Magnesium, oder einer ein solches Leichtmetall umfassenden Legierung handeln.The metal melt can in particular be a melt of a light metal, in particular aluminum or magnesium, or an alloy comprising such a light metal.
Vorzugsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Zuführkanal in einen stationären Teil der Druckgussform integriert ist. Die Druckgussform weist dann noch mindestens einen mobilen Teil auf, der von dem stationären Teil entfernbar ist, um ein Entformen des Bauteils zu ermöglichen. Durch die Integration des Zuführkanals in den stationären Teil kann vermieden werden, dass dieser zum Öffnen der Druckgussform von dieser entkoppelt werden muss.It can preferably be provided that the feed channel is integrated in a stationary part of the die casting mold. The die-casting mold then also has at least one mobile part, which can be removed from the stationary part in order to enable the component to be removed from the mold. By integrating the feed channel into the stationary part, it can be avoided that it has to be decoupled from the mold in order to open it.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Quelle für die Metallschmelze einen Vorhalteraum und ein trennbar mit dem Vorhalteraum verbundenes Metallschmelzereservoir umfasst. Die Trennung der Quelle für die Metallschmelze in einen Vorhalteraum und ein Metallschmelzereservoir ermöglicht, eine definierte Menge der Metallschmelze zu isolieren, um anschließend eine entsprechende Menge der Metallschmelze in die Kavität einzubringen, um das Bauteil druckzugießen.In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the source for the molten metal comprises a retention space and a metal melt reservoir which is separably connected to the retention space. The separation of the source for the molten metal into a storage space and a molten metal reservoir makes it possible to isolate a defined amount of the molten metal in order to subsequently introduce a corresponding amount of the molten metal into the cavity in order to pressure-cast the component.
Durch die Separierung der definierten Menge muss nur diese sowie die im Zuführkanal enthaltene Metallschmelze für das Druckgießen unter Druck gesetzt werden, wohingegen die gegebenenfalls deutlich größere, in dem Metallschmelzereservoir aufgenommene Menge der Metallschmelze beispielsweise bei atmosphärischem Druck gelagert werden kann. Dementsprechend ist in einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung vorgesehen, dass die in dem Vorhalteraum enthaltene Metallschmelze mittels Druckerzeugungsmitteln in den Zuführkanal ausbringbar ist. Bei den Druckerzeugungsmitteln kann es sich vorzugsweise um mindestens einen Kolben handeln, der insbesondere hydraulisch verschiebbar ausgeführt sein kann, um das Volumen des Vorhalteraums zu verändern.By separating the defined amount, only this and the metal melt contained in the feed channel have to be pressurized for die casting, whereas the possibly much larger amount of the metal melt accommodated in the metal melt reservoir can be stored, for example, at atmospheric pressure. Accordingly, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention that the metal melt contained in the storage space can be discharged into the feed channel by means of pressure generating means. The pressure generating means can preferably be at least one piston, which can in particular be designed to be hydraulically displaceable in order to change the volume of the reserve space.
Um eine trennbare Verbindung zwischen dem Vorhalteraum und dem Metallschmelzereservoir zu erhalten, kann ein ansteuerbares Ventil vorgesehen sein, das eine zwischen dem Vorhalteraum und dem Metallschmelzereservoir ausgebildete Übergangsöffnung bedarfsweise verschließt oder zumindest teilweise freigibt.In order to obtain a separable connection between the retention space and the metal smelting reservoir, a controllable valve can be provided which, if necessary, closes or at least partially opens a transition opening formed between the retention space and the metal smelting reservoir.
Vorzugsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Zuführkanal an mindestens zwei Stellen in den Vorhalteraum mündet. Dadurch kann der Vorhalteraum vorteilhaft in eine Kreislaufförderung der Metallschmelze in dem Zuführkanal integriert werden. Dies kann insbesondere auch ein Einbringen der Metallschmelze in die Kavität über mehrere Gießventile positiv beeinflussen, da so die Fließwege der Metallschmelze von dem Vorhalteraum zu den einzelnen Gießventilen vergleichsweise kurz gehalten werden können.It can preferably be provided that the feed channel opens into the reserve space at at least two points. As a result, the reserve space can advantageously be integrated into a circulation promotion of the molten metal in the feed channel. In particular, this can also positively influence the introduction of the molten metal into the cavity via several pouring valves, since the flow paths of the molten metal from the storage space to the individual pouring valves can be kept comparatively short.
In einer weiterhin bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Zuführkanal in zumindest einem Abschnitt aus Rohrstücken, insbesondere geraden Rohrstücken und aus die Rohrstücke verbindenden Verbindungsstücken ausgebildet ist. Durch diese Ausgestaltung kann ein Zuführkanal ausgebildet werden, der einfach aufgebaut ist und gleichzeitig die erheblichen Belastungen, die von der Metallschmelze auf die den Zuführkanal ausbildenden Bauteile ausgeübt werden, insbesondere die unterschiedlichen thermisch bedingten Längungen, kompensieren kann. Zur Verbindung der Rohrstücke mit den Verbindungsstücken kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Enden der Rohrstücke in entsprechende Aufnahmeöffnungen der Verbindungsstücke eingesteckt sind. Dabei kann eine definierte Längsbeweglichkeit der Enden der Rohrstücke in den Aufnahmeöffnungen vorgehsehen sein, um unterschiedliche thermisch bedingte Längungen der Rohrstücke einerseits und der Verbindungsstücke andererseits ausgleichen zu können.In a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention it can be provided that the feed channel is formed in at least one section from pipe sections, in particular straight pipe sections and from connecting pieces connecting the pipe sections. With this configuration, a feed channel can be formed which is of simple construction and at the same time can compensate for the considerable loads which are exerted by the molten metal on the components forming the feed channel, in particular the different thermally-induced elongations. To connect the pipe pieces to the connecting pieces, it can be provided that the ends of the pipe pieces are inserted into corresponding receiving openings of the connecting pieces. In this case, a defined longitudinal mobility of the ends of the pipe sections can be provided in the receiving openings, in order to be able to compensate for different thermally induced elongations of the pipe sections on the one hand and of the connecting pieces on the other hand.
Vorzugsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass zumindest einige der Verbindungsstücke einen gekrümmt verlaufenden Kanalabschnitt und/oder ein Gießventil integrieren. Die Integration gekrümmter Abschnitte des Zuführkanals und von Funktionselementen der Vorrichtung erfolgt somit vorzugsweise in die gegebenenfalls großvolumiger ausgeführten Verbindungsstücke.It can preferably be provided that at least some of the connecting pieces integrate a curved channel section and / or a pouring valve. The integration of curved sections of the feed channel and of functional elements of the device thus preferably takes place in the connecting pieces, which may be of larger volume.
Diese bieten zudem die Möglichkeit einer guten Integration einer Heizvorrichtung, um die Verbindungsstücke und damit die innerhalb des entsprechenden Zuführkanalabschnitts geführte Metallschmelze aktiv zu beheizen und damit flüssig zu halten. Im Gegensatz dazu kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Rohrstücke des Zuführkanals passiv, d.h. durch die durch diese hindurchströmende Metallschmelze selbst beheizt werden.These also offer the possibility of a good integration of a heating device in order to actively heat the connecting pieces and thus the molten metal guided within the corresponding feed channel section and thus to keep them liquid. In contrast, it can be provided that the pipe sections of the feed channel are passive, i.e. are themselves heated by the molten metal flowing through them.
Um die thermisch bedingte Längung der Rohrstücke einerseits und der Verbindungsstücke andererseits möglichst gleich zu halten, kann vorzugsweise vorgesehen sein, die Rohrstücke und die Verbindungsstücke jeweils zumindest zu einem Großteil aus demselben Werkstoff auszubilden. Als Werkstoff für die Rohrstücke und/oder für die Verbindungsstücke kann insbesondere ein Keramikwerkstoff, wie beispielsweise Aluminiumtitanat und/oder Siliziumnitrid, genutzt werden.In order to keep the thermally induced elongation of the pipe pieces on the one hand and the connecting pieces on the other hand as equal as possible, it can preferably be provided that the pipe pieces and the connecting pieces are each formed at least to a large extent from the same material. A ceramic material, such as aluminum titanate and / or silicon nitride, can be used in particular as the material for the pipe pieces and / or for the connecting pieces.
In einer weiterhin bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Fördereinrichtung elektromagnetisch wirkend ausgebildet ist. Diese ist somit derart ausgebildet, dass sich bewegende Magnetfelder erzeugt werden, die durch magnetische Krafteinwirkung die Bewegung der Metallschmelze bewirken. Dadurch wird ermöglicht, alle Teile der Fördereinrichtung außerhalb der Metallschmelze zu positionieren. Eine Positionierung von Förderelementen, wie beispielsweise einem Pumpenrad, innerhalb der Metallschmelze kann dadurch vermieden werden.In a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention it can be provided that the conveyor device is designed to be electromagnetically active. This is designed in such a way that moving magnetic fields are generated, which cause the movement of the molten metal by the action of magnetic force. This enables all parts of the conveyor to be positioned outside the molten metal. A positioning of conveying elements, such as a pump wheel, within the molten metal can thereby be avoided.
Ein Gießventil für eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann vorzugsweise einen quer und insbesondere senkrecht zu der Längsachse des Zuführkanals beweglichen Ventilkörper aufweisen, der in einer geschlossenen Stellung eine den Zuführkanal mit der Kavität verbindende Auslassöffnung verschließt und in einer geöffneten Stellung die Auslassöffnung zumindest teilweise freigibt. Bei einem solchen Gießventil wird die Ausbildung von "Totwasserstellen" vermieden, in denen sich Metallschmelze ansammeln kann, die von der im Kreislauf geförderten Metallschmelze nicht mitgenommen würde.A pouring valve for a device according to the invention can preferably have a valve body which is movable transversely and in particular perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the feed channel and which, in a closed position, closes an outlet opening connecting the feed channel to the cavity and at least partially opens the outlet opening in an open position. With such a pouring valve, the formation of "dead water spots" is avoided, in which molten metal can accumulate, which would not be taken away by the molten metal conveyed in the circuit.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des Gießventils kann vorgesehen sein, dass ein Ventilsitz für den Ventilkörper ausgebildet wird, der in Richtung des Zuführkanals sich verbreiternd ausgebildet ist. Gleichzeitig kann ein Kopf des Ventilkörpers in Richtung der Kavität sich verjüngend ausgebildet sein. Dadurch können sowohl vorteilhafte Strömungsbedingungen in der geöffneten Stellung des Ventilkörpers als auch eine gute Abdichtungswirkung in der geschlossenen Stellung des Ventilkörpers erreicht werden. Gleichzeitig ist die Gefahr eines Verklemmens des Ventilkörpers in dem Ventilsitz gering.In a preferred embodiment of the pouring valve, it can be provided that a valve seat is formed for the valve body, which is designed to widen in the direction of the feed channel. At the same time, a head of the valve body can be designed to taper in the direction of the cavity. As a result, both advantageous flow conditions in the open position of the valve body and a good sealing effect in the closed position of the valve body can be achieved. At the same time, the risk of the valve body jamming in the valve seat is low.
Durch eine Nachverdichtung der in die Kavität eingebrachten Metallschmelze kann in bekannter Weise die Qualität des herzustellenden Bauteils positiv beeinflusst werden. Insbesondere eine Verringerung von Poren und Lufteinschlüssen kann dadurch erreicht werden. Grundsätzlich kann eine Vorrichtung zur Nachverdichtung der in die Kavität eingebrachten Metallschmelze an mehreren geeigneten Stellen der Gussform erfolgen. Vorteilhaft kann jedoch eine Integration eines in eine in die Kavität ragende Stellung verfahrbaren Nachdrückkolbens in das Gießventil und insbesondere den Ventilkörper sein. Dadurch kann beispielsweise der Nachdrückkolben in ein ohnehin zwischen dem Auslass des Gießventils und der Kavität der Gussform vorhandenes (erfindungsgemäß jedoch sehr kleinvolumiges) Angusssystem verfahren werden. Dadurch wird nicht nur ein zusätzlicher, durch den Nachdrückkolben erzeugter Oberflächenfehler am Bauteil vermieden, sondern gegebenenfalls auch das Volumen des Angusssystems und damit ein am Bauteil verbleibender Anguss noch weiter reduziert.The quality of the component to be produced can be positively influenced in a known manner by post-compression of the molten metal introduced into the cavity. In particular, a reduction in pores and air pockets can be achieved. In principle, a device for recompression of the molten metal introduced into the cavity can be carried out at several suitable locations on the casting mold. However, it may be advantageous to integrate a hold-down piston which can be moved into a position projecting into the cavity into the pouring valve and in particular the valve body. In this way, for example, the replenishing piston can be moved into a gating system that is present anyway (but according to the invention is very small in volume) between the outlet of the pouring valve and the cavity of the casting mold. This not only avoids an additional surface defect on the component caused by the pressure piston, but also, if necessary, also further reduces the volume of the sprue system and thus a sprue remaining on the component.
Der Ventilkörper und/oder der Nachdrückkolben können vorzugsweise in beide Richtungen (Ein- und Ausfahren) voneinander unabhängig aktiv betätigbar sein. Dazu kann mindestens eine entsprechende Stellvorrichtung vorgesehen sein, die besonders bevorzugt hydraulisch wirkend ausgebildet sein kann. Weiterhin bevorzugt kann vorgesehen sein, die Stellvorrichtung(en) von dem Zuführkanal thermisch zu isolieren, um die thermische Belastung der Stellvorrichtung durch eine Wärmeübertragung von der in dem Zuführkanal geführten Metallschmelze möglichst gering zu halten. Das thermische Isolieren kann beispielsweise durch eine konstruktive Trennung mit Zwischenanordnung von isolierenden Elementen oder auch luftgefüllten Zwischenräumen erfolgen.The valve body and / or the plunger can preferably be actively operable independently of one another in both directions (retraction and extension). For this purpose, at least one corresponding actuating device can be provided, which can particularly preferably be designed to act hydraulically. Furthermore, provision can preferably be made to thermally isolate the actuating device (s) from the feed channel in order to keep the thermal load on the actuating device as low as possible as a result of heat transfer from the molten metal guided in the feed channel. The thermal insulation can, for example, by constructive separation Intermediate arrangement of insulating elements or air-filled spaces.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigt jeweils schematisch:
- Figur 1:
- eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Druckgießen eines metallischen Bauteils in einer Ansicht von oben,
- Figur 2:
- einen Teil der Vorrichtung gemäß der
Fig. 1 in einem Längsschnitt, - Figur 3:
- einen Querschnitt durch die Darstellung der
Fig. 2 entlang der Schnittebene III - III, - Figur 4:
- einen Teil des Zuführkanals der Vorrichtung gemäß der
Fig. 1 in einem Horizontalschnitt, - Figur 5a bis 5f:
- verschiedene Stellungen eines Gießventils der Vorrichtung gemäß der
Fig. 1 im Rahmen des Druckgießens eines metallischen Bauteils, - Figur 6:
- ein Gießventil für eine Vorrichtung gemäß der
Fig. 1 in einer Seitenansicht, - Figur 7:
- einen Schnitt durch das Gießventil gemäß der
Fig. 6 entlang der Schnittebene VII - VII, - Figur 8:
- das Gießventil gemäß den
Fig. 6 und 7 in einer Vorderansicht, - Figur 9:
- einen Schnitt durch das Gießventil gemäß der
Fig. 8 entlang der Schnittebene IX - IX, - Figur 10:
- einen Schnitt durch das Gießventil gemäß der
Fig. 8 entlang der Schnittebene X - X, - Figur 11:
- einen Schnitt durch das Gießventil gemäß der
Fig. 8 entlang der Schnittebene XI - XI, - Figur 12a und 12b:
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine alternative Ausführungsform eines Gießventils für eine Vorrichtung gemäß der
Fig. 1 in zwei Schaltstellungen, - Figur 13a und 13b:
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine alternative Ausführungsform eines Gießventils für eine Vorrichtung gemäß der
Fig. 1 in zwei Schaltstellungen, - Figur 14a und 14b:
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine alternative Ausführungsform eines Gießventils für eine Vorrichtung gemäß der
Fig. 1 in zwei Schaltstellungen, - Figur 15:
- eine Vorderansicht einer alternativen Ausführungsform eines Gießventils für eine Vorrichtung gemäß der
Fig. 1 , - Figur 16:
- das Gießventil gemäß der
Fig. 15 in einem Längsschnitt - Figur 17a und 17b:
- eine Vorderansicht durch eine alternative Ausführungsform eines Gießventils für eine Vorrichtung gemäß der
Fig. 1 in zwei Schaltstellungen, - Figur 18a und 18b:
- Längsschnitte durch das Gießventil gemäß den
Fig. 17a und 17b in den zwei Schaltstellungen entlang der Schnittebene XVIII - XVIII, - Figur 19a und 19b:
- eine Vorderansicht durch eine alternative Ausführungsform eines Gießventils für eine Vorrichtung gemäß der
Fig. 1 in zwei Schaltstellungen, und - Fig. 20a und 20b:
- Längsschnitte durch das Gießventil gemäß den
Fig. 17a und 17b in den zwei Schaltstellungen entlang der Schnittebene XX -XX.
- Figure 1:
- a device according to the invention for die-casting a metallic component in a view from above,
- Figure 2:
- part of the device according to the
Fig. 1 in a longitudinal section, - Figure 3:
- a cross section through the representation of the
Fig. 2 along the cutting plane III - III, - Figure 4:
- a part of the feed channel of the device according to the
Fig. 1 in a horizontal section, - Figures 5a to 5f:
- different positions of a pouring valve of the device according to the
Fig. 1 as part of the die casting of a metallic component, - Figure 6:
- a pouring valve for a device according to the
Fig. 1 in a side view, - Figure 7:
- a section through the pouring valve according to the
Fig. 6 along the cutting plane VII - VII, - Figure 8:
- the pouring valve according to the
6 and 7 in a front view, - Figure 9:
- a section through the pouring valve according to the
Fig. 8 along the section plane IX - IX, - Figure 10:
- a section through the pouring valve according to the
Fig. 8 along the section plane X - X, - Figure 11:
- a section through the pouring valve according to the
Fig. 8 along the section plane XI - XI, - Figures 12a and 12b:
- a longitudinal section through an alternative embodiment of a pouring valve for a device according to the
Fig. 1 in two switch positions, - Figures 13a and 13b:
- a longitudinal section through an alternative embodiment of a pouring valve for a device according to the
Fig. 1 in two switch positions, - Figures 14a and 14b:
- a longitudinal section through an alternative embodiment of a pouring valve for a device according to the
Fig. 1 in two switch positions, - Figure 15:
- a front view of an alternative embodiment of a pouring valve for a device according to the
Fig. 1 , - Figure 16:
- the pouring valve according to the
Fig. 15 in a longitudinal section - Figures 17a and 17b:
- a front view through an alternative embodiment of a pouring valve for a device according to the
Fig. 1 in two switch positions, - Figures 18a and 18b:
- Longitudinal sections through the pouring valve according to the
17a and 17b in the two switch positions along the cutting plane XVIII - XVIII, - Figures 19a and 19b:
- a front view through an alternative embodiment of a pouring valve for a device according to the
Fig. 1 in two switch positions, and - 20a and 20b:
- Longitudinal sections through the pouring valve according to the
17a and 17b in the two switch positions along the section plane XX -XX.
Die
In die Druckgussform 1 ist, die Kavität 5 umgebend, ein Zuführkanal 6 für Metallschmelze, aus der das Bauteil druckgegossen werden soll, integriert. Dabei erfolgt die Integration vorzugsweise in das stationäre Unterteil der Druckgussform 1. Die Integration des Zuführkanals 6 in die Druckgussform 1 kann auswechselbar vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise indem die entsprechenden Elemente (Rohrstücke 7 und Verbindungsstücke 8) des Zuführkanals 6 auswechselbar in entsprechenden Aufnahmeöffnungen oder -vertiefungen eines Grundkörpers der Druckgussform 1 angeordnet sind.In the die-casting mold 1, surrounding the
Der Zuführkanal setzt sich zum einen aus gerade Rohrstücken 7 sowie Verbindungsstücken 8 zusammen. Wie sich aus der
In die in den Ecken des umlaufenden Zuführkanals 6 angeordneten Verbindungsstücke 8 sind um 90° gekrümmt verlaufende Kanalabschnitte 10 integriert. In die zwei mittig angeordneten Verbindungsstücke 8 ist jeweils ein Gießventil 11 integriert. Die Gießventile 11 dienen dazu, die in dem Zuführkanal 6 enthaltene Metallschmelze beim Druckgießen des Bauteils definiert in die Kavität 5 einzubringen. Ist die Kavität 5 gefüllt, wird diese durch ein Schließen der Gießventile 11 von dem Zuführkanal 6 abgetrennt. Dadurch kann die in der Kavität 5 enthaltene Metallschmelze unabhängig von der in dem Zuführkanal 6 enthaltenen Metallschmelze aushärten, sowie das Bauteil nach dem Aushärten entformt werden.In the connecting
Um ein Aushärten der Metallschmelze in dem Zuführkanal 6 zu vermeiden, sind die Verbindungsstücke 8 aktiv beheizt. Hierzu umfassen diese jeweils eine nicht dargestellte Heizvorrichtung. Diese kann insbesondere elektrisch betrieben sein. Für die Rohrstücke 7 ist dagegen keine aktive Beheizung vorgesehen (aber möglich). Diese werden somit ausschließlich passiv durch Wärmeübertragung von der Metallschmelze erwärmt und dadurch auf eine Temperatur gebracht, die annähernd derjenigen der Verbindungsstücke 8 entspricht. Um einen Wärmeübergang an die Umgebung zu verringern, können insbesondere die Rohrstücke 7, gegebenenfalls aber auch die Verbindungsstücke 8 außenseitig mit einer thermischen Isolierung versehen werden. In der
Es kann vorzugsweise vorgesehen sein, die Rohrstücke 7 und die Verbindungsstücke 8 möglichst weitgehend aus demselben Material auszubilden. Hierfür kann sich insbesondere ein Keramikwerkstoff, wie beispielsweise Aluminiumtitanat und/oder Siliziumnitrid, eignen. Ein solcher Keramikwerkstoff kann sich insbesondere durch eine gute Hochtemperaturbeständigkeit sowie eine gute chemische Beständigkeit gegenüber der Metallschmelze (insbesondere bei einer Aluminium-Metallschmelze) auszeichnen.It can preferably be provided that the
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung umfasst weiterhin noch einen Vorhalte- und Zuführteil 13. In diesen ist eine Quelle für die Metallschmelze integriert. Die Quelle umfasst einen durch insbesondere eine elektrische Heizvorrichtung temperierten Vorhalteraum 14 sowie ein Metallschmelzereservoir 15. Der Vorhalteraum 14 ist über eine Übertrittsleitung 16 mit dem Metallschmelzereservoir 15 fluidleitend verbunden, wobei die fluidleitende Verbindung mittels eines ansteuerbaren Schmelzeventils 17 bedarfsweise verschließbar ist, wodurch eine druckfeste Trennung zwischen dem Vorhalteraum 14 und dem Metallschmelzereservoir 15 erreicht werden kann.The device according to the invention also comprises a supply and feed
Der Vorhalteraum 14 ist über zwei ebenfalls temperierte Verbindungsabschnitte 18 des Zuführkanals 6 mit dem in der Druckgussform 1 ausgebildeten Abschnitt des Zuführkanals 6 verbunden. In den Verbindungsabschnitten 18 ist jeweils eine Fördereinrichtung 19 intergiert, die als elektromagnetische Umlaufpumpen ausgebildet sind. Die Verbindungsabschnitte 18 sind über vorzugsweise automatisch lösbare Kupplungsvorrichtungen 20 mit dem in der Druckgussform 1 integrierten Abschnitt des Zuführkanals 6 verbunden.The
Das Metallschmelzereservoir 15 ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel als an seiner Oberseite geöffneter Behälter ausgebildet, der in bekannter Weise über beispielsweise einen Dosierlöffel oder einen Dosierofen befüllt werden kann. Die Übertrittsleitung 16 geht am Boden des Metallschmelzereservoirs 15 ab und führt zu einer Übertrittsöffnung 21, die an tiefster Stelle in den zylindrisch ausgebildeten Vorhalteraum 14 mündet. Die Übertrittsöffnung 21 wird mittels eines Gießkolbens 22 in Abhängigkeit von der Schaltstellung des Schmelzeventils 17 verschlossen oder freigegeben.In the present exemplary embodiment, the
In einer Ausgangsstellung der Vorrichtung, in der der Zuführkanal 6 noch nicht mit Metallschmelze befüllt ist, wird zunächst der Vorhalteraum 14 vorbefüllt. Dazu wird das Schmelzeventil 17 geöffnet, wodurch der Vorhalteraum 14 durch den hydrostatischen Druck der in dem Metallschmelzereservoir 15 enthaltenen Metallschmelze gefüllt wird. Dazu sollte, um eine möglichst vollständige Füllung des Vorhalteraums 14 zu erreichen, der Füllstand im Metallschmelzereservoir 15 stets mindestens so hoch wie die höchste Stelle des Vorhalteraums 14 sein. Ein Entlüften des Vorhalteraums 14 bei dem Vorbefüllen mit Metallschmelze kann über den Zuführkanal 6 und die geöffneten Gießventile 11 (oder ein oder mehrere separate (nicht dargestellte) Entlüftungsventile) erfolgen. Weiterhin kann ein Betrieb der Fördereinrichtungen 19, bei dem beide in Richtung des Vorhalteraums 14 (d.h. "rückwärts") fördern, ein Überlaufen von aus dem Metallschmelzereservoir 15 in den Vorhalteraum 14 eintretender Metallschmelze über die Verbindungsabschnitte 18 in den in die Druckgussform 1 integrierten Abschnitt des Zuführkanals 6 verhindert und damit ein weitgehend vollständiges Vorbefüllen des Vorhalteraums 14 erreicht werden.In a starting position of the device, in which the
Anschließend kann der Zuführkanal 6 mit der Metallschmelze befüllt werden. Dazu wird das Schmelzeventil 17 erneut geöffnet und gleichzeitig die beiden Fördereinrichtungen 19 derart geschaltet, dass diese Metallschmelze in Richtung des Zuführkanals 6 (d.h. "vorwärts") fördern. Dabei sorgt die Vorbefüllung des Vorhalteraums 14 für ein ununterbrochenes Ansaugen von Metallschmelze aus dem Metallschmelzereservoir 15. Beim Befüllen des Zuführkanals 6 können die Fördereinrichtungen 19 mit voller Leistung gefahren werden, was zu einem Befüllen des Zuführkanals 6 mit der Metallschmelze unter einem Druck von beispielsweise maximal 5 bar führen kann. Sobald der Zuführkanal 6 befüllt ist, wird eine der Fördereinrichtungen 19 mit einer reduzierten Leistung von beispielsweise 20% weiter vorwärts betrieben, während die zweite Fördereinrichtung 19 mit erhöhter, beispielsweise voller Leistung weiter vorwärts fördert. Diese Schaltung der Fördereinrichtungen 19 wird nachfolgend als "Umlaufschaltung" bezeichnet. Durch die Umlaufschaltung der Fördereinrichtungen 19 entsteht eine Druckdifferenz zwischen den zwei Verbindungsabschnitten 18 des Zuführkanals 6, die für einen ständigen Umlauf der Metallschmelze in dem (gemeinsam mit dem Vorhalteraum 14) einen Ringkanal ausbildenden Zuführkanal 6 sorgt.The
Zum Druckgießen eines Bauteils wird ein Gießkolben 22 bei befülltem Vorhalteraum 14 und Zuführkanal 6 mittels eines insbesondere hydraulischen Antriebs 23 derart ausgefahren, dass die in dem Vorhalteraum 14 und dem Zuführkanal 6 enthaltene Metallschmelze unter Druck gesetzt wird. Dann werden die Gießventile 11 geöffnet und die für den Abguss erforderliche Menge an Metallschmelze über den Gießkolben 22 in den Zuführkanal 6 nachgeschoben. Nach einem vollständigen Befüllen der Kavität 5 mit der Metallschmelze schließen die Gießventile 11 wieder. Während des Druckgießens bleibt die Umlaufschaltung der Fördereinrichtungen 19 aktiviert.For the die casting of a component, a
Der Vorhalteraum 14 kann daraufhin wieder befüllt werden, um das Druckgießen eines weiteren Bauteils vorzubereiten. Dazu wird das Schmelzeventil 17 geöffnet und der Gießkolben 22 zurückgefahren, so dass Metallschmelze - unterstützt durch den hydrostatischen Druck - aus dem Metallreservoir 15 in den Vorhalteraum 14 nachgesaugt wird. Dabei wird der Vorhalteraum 14 mit einer Menge an Metallschmelze befüllt, die in etwa der Menge des für das Bauteil benötigten Materials entspricht. Das Volumen und damit die in den Vorhalteraum 14 einbringbare Menge an Metallschmelze sind über die Stellung des zurückgefahrenen Gießkolbens 22 einstellbar. Ist der Vorhalteraum 14 vollständig befüllt, wird das Schmelzeventil 17 geschlossen. Beim Wiederbefüllen des Vorhalteraums 14 bleibt die Umlaufschaltung der Fördereinrichtungen 19 ebenfalls aktiviert. Durch das dabei erfolgende vorwärts Fördern beider Fördereinrichtungen 19 kann vermieden werden, dass der Zuführkanal 6 beim Wiederbefüllen des Vorhalteraums 14 teilweise entleert wird und die zum Füllen des Vorhalteraums 14 benötigte Schmelze vielmehr ausschließlich aus dem Metallschmelzereservoir 15 nachgesaugt wird.The
Vor einer länger andauernden Betriebsunterbrechung der Vorrichtung sollte der Zuführkanal 6, der Vorhalteraum 14 und gegebenenfalls auch das Metallschmelzereservoir 15 entleert werden. Dazu werden beide Fördereinrichtungen 19 rückwärts geschaltet und das Schmelzeventil 17 sowie zur Belüftung die Gießventile 11 (oder die separaten Entlüftungsventile) geöffnet. Mittels der Fördereinrichtungen 19 wird die Metallschmelze dann in das Metallschmelzereservoir 15 gefördert. Über das Öffnen eines in die Übertrittsleitung 16 integrierten Ablassventils 24 kann das Metallschmelzereservoir 15 und auch der Vorhalteraum 14 vollständig entleert werden. Die entleerte Druckgussform 1 kann automatisch entkuppelt und aus der Pressenvorrichtung 2 gefahren werden.Before a prolonged interruption in the operation of the device, the
Die Betätigung eines Gießventils 11 im Rahmen des Druckgießens eines Bauteils ist in den
Dabei zeigt die
Für das Druckgießen wird zunächst der Nachdrückkolben 27 in eine zurückgezogene Stellung verfahren (vgl.
Nach dem vollständigen Befüllen der Kavität 5 mit der Metallschmelze wird zunächst der Ventilkörper 25 geschlossen (vgl.
Die Schaltstellung gemäß der
Eine mögliche Ausgestaltung des Gießventils 11 ist in den
Das Gießventil 11 umfasst ein Gehäuse 29, bei dem es sich auch um ein Gehäuse des entsprechenden Verbindungsstücks 8 des Zuführkanals 6 handeln kann oder das in ein zusätzliches Gehäuse eines solchen Verbindungsstücks 8 integriert ist. Das Gehäuse 29 umfasst zwei Gehäuseteile 30, 31.The pouring
Ein erster Gehäuseteil 30 integriert eine erste Durchgangsöffnung, die einen Abschnitt des Zuführkanals 6 ausbildet und zwei Aufnahmeöffnungen 32, die zur Aufnahme von jeweils einem Ende eines Rohrstücks 7 des Zuführkanals 6 dienen (vgl.
Ein zweiter Gehäuseteil 31 umfasst zwei Stellvorrichtungen in Form von koaxial ausgerichteten Hydraulikzylindern. Ein erster, dem ersten Gehäuseteil näher gelegener Hydraulikzylinder dient dem Verfahren des Ventilkörpers 25, während der Nachdrückkolben 27 über den zweiten Hydraulikzylinder verfahrbar ist. Dazu ist das von der Kavität 5 beabstandete Ende des Nachdrückkolbens 27 direkt mit einem Kolben 33 verbunden, der innerhalb eines Zylinderrohrs 34 durch das Erzeugen einer Druckdifferenz auf den beiden von dem Kolben 33 getrennten Seiten verschoben werden kann. Der erste Hydraulikzylinder umfasst ebenfalls einen Kolben 35, der durch die Erzeugung einer Druckdifferenz innerhalb eines Zylinderrohrs 41 des ersten Hydraulikzylinders verschiebbar ist. Der ringscheibenförmige Kolben 35 ist dabei beweglich auf dem Nachdrückkolben 27 geführt, der sich somit durch den ersten Hydraulikzylinder erstreckt, ohne diesen jedoch funktional zu beeinflussen. Eine Verbindung des Kolbens 35 des ersten Hydraulikzylinders mit dem Ventilkörper 25 erfolgt über drei, in gleichmäßiger Teilung um den Nachdrückkolben 27 positionierte Stangen 36.A
Über ein die zwei Gehäuseteile 30, 31 verbindendes Zwischenstück 37 aus einem thermisch vergleichsweise gut isolierenden Werkstoff wird eine Wärmeübertragung von der in dem ersten Gehäuseteil 30 geführten Metallschmelze über den ersten Gehäuseteil 30 auf den zweite Gehäuseteil 31 und die darin integrierten Hydraulikzylinder gering gehalten.Via an
Die
Dabei zeigen die
Das in den
Bei dem in den
Bei allen der in den
Das in den
Bei dem in den
Das in den
- 11
- DruckgussformDie casting mold
- 22nd
- PressenvorrichtungPress device
- 33rd
- Bewegungsrichtungen beim Auswechseln der DruckgussformDirections of movement when changing the die
- 44th
- HydraulikzylinderHydraulic cylinder
- 55
- Kavitätcavity
- 66
- ZuführkanalFeed channel
- 77
- RohrstückPipe piece
- 88th
- VerbindungsstückConnector
- 99
- DichtelementSealing element
- 1010th
- gekrümmter Kanalabschnittcurved channel section
- 1111
- GießventilPouring valve
- 1212th
- VerbindungsmuffeConnecting sleeve
- 1313
- Vorhalte- und ZuführteilProvision and feed part
- 1414
- VorhalteraumRetention room
- 1515
- MetallschmelzereservoirMetal smelting reservoir
- 1616
- ÜbertrittsleitungTransfer line
- 1717th
- SchmelzeventilMelt valve
- 1818th
- VerbindungsabschnittConnecting section
- 1919th
- FördereinrichtungConveyor
- 2020
- KupplungsvorrichtungCoupling device
- 2121st
- ÜbertrittsöffnungTransfer opening
- 2222
- GießkolbenPouring plunger
- 2323
- Antrieb des GießkolbensDrive the casting piston
- 2424th
- AblassventilDrain valve
- 2525th
- Ventilkörper des GießventilsCasting valve body
- 2626
- AuslassöffnungOutlet opening
- 2727
- NachdrückkolbenPlunger
- 2828
- AngussabschnittSprue section
- 2929
- Gehäuse des GießventilsCasting valve housing
- 3030th
- erster Gehäuseteilfirst housing part
- 3131
- zweiter Gehäuseteilsecond housing part
- 3232
- AufnahmeöffnungenReceiving openings
- 3333
- Kolben des zweiten HydraulikzylindersPiston of the second hydraulic cylinder
- 3434
- Zylinderrohr des zweiten HydraulikzylindersCylinder tube of the second hydraulic cylinder
- 3535
- Kolben des ersten HydraulikzylindersPiston of the first hydraulic cylinder
- 3636
- Stangepole
- 3737
- ZwischenstückSpacer
- 3838
- erste Durchgangsöffnungfirst through opening
- 3939
- zweite Durchgangsöffnungsecond through opening
- 4040
- DurchgangsöffnungThrough opening
- 4141
- Zylinderrohr des ersten HydraulikzylindersCylinder tube of the first hydraulic cylinder
Claims (15)
- Device for die casting a metal component, comprising a die casting mould (1) which has a cavity (5) moulding the component, wherein the cavity (5) is connected to a source for a metal melt via at least one temperature-controlled supply channel (6), and wherein the metal melt is introduced into the cavity (5) via at least one casting valve (11), characterized in that the supply channel (6) forms an annular channel in which metal melt can be permanently circulated by means of a conveying apparatus (19).
- Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the supply channel (6) is integrated in a stationary part of the die casting mould (1).
- Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the source for the metal melt comprises a holding chamber (14) and a metal melt reservoir (15) connected separably to the holding chamber (14).
- Device according to Claim 3, characterized in that metal melt contained in the holding chamber (14) can be discharged into the supply channel (6) by means of pressure-generating means.
- Device according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the supply channel (6) leads into the holding chamber (14) at at least two points.
- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply channel (6) is formed in at least one portion from pipe pieces (7) and connecting pieces (8) connecting the pipe pieces (7).
- Device (1) according to Claim 6, characterized in that the connecting pieces (8) integrate channel portions (10) with a curved profile and/or a casting valve (11).
- Device according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the pipe pieces (7) and the connecting pieces (8) are formed from the same material.
- Device according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the connecting pieces (8) are heatable.
- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveying apparatus (19) is designed so as to act electromagnetically.
- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the casting valve (11) has a valve body (25) which is movable transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the supply channel (6) and, in a closed position, closes an outlet opening (26) connecting the supply channel (6) to the cavity (5) and, in an open position, at least partially opens up the outlet opening (26).
- Device according to Claim 11, characterized in that the outlet opening (26) is designed so as to widen in the direction of the supply channel (6), and a portion of the valve body (25) is designed so as to taper in the direction of the cavity (5).
- Device according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the casting valve (11) integrates a squeezing plunger (27) which is movable into a position projecting into the cavity (5).
- Device according to one of Claims 11 to 13, characterized in that a regulating device for the valve body (25) and/or for the squeezing plunger (27) is thermally insulated from the supply channel.
- Device according to Claim 14, characterized in that the regulating device is designed so as to act hydraulically.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014205388.9A DE102014205388A1 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2014-03-24 | Device for die casting a metallic component |
PCT/EP2015/054458 WO2015144398A1 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2015-03-04 | Device for die casting a metal component |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3122494A1 EP3122494A1 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
EP3122494B1 true EP3122494B1 (en) | 2020-07-08 |
Family
ID=52597004
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15707393.3A Active EP3122494B1 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2015-03-04 | Device for die casting a metal component |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10092950B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3122494B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105848809B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014205388A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015144398A1 (en) |
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DE102018211053A1 (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2020-01-09 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Die casting mold and die casting method for producing a die casting component formed with a hollow cylindrical region |
AT523251A1 (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-15 | Fill Gmbh | Method for pouring melt by means of a melt container in which a melt receiving space is formed |
CN115971447B (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2024-09-20 | 重庆美利信科技股份有限公司 | Die-casting die and die-casting method for thin-tooth radiator |
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DE1290672B (en) * | 1964-09-19 | 1969-03-13 | Mahle Werk Gmbh | Die casting mold |
US4086953A (en) * | 1975-02-24 | 1978-05-02 | Kraklau David M | Shot sleeve |
DE4444092C2 (en) | 1994-10-12 | 1997-02-13 | Werner Kotzab | Method and arrangement for tempering an injection mold with at least one heated nozzle or a hot runner |
US5711363A (en) * | 1996-02-16 | 1998-01-27 | Amorphous Technologies International | Die casting of bulk-solidifying amorphous alloys |
JP3793644B2 (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2006-07-05 | 修 山本 | Multi-layer sleeve and die casting machine |
DE10047735A1 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2002-04-11 | Rauch Fertigungstech Gmbh | Process for die casting and filling sleeve therefor as well as die casting machine |
CA2453170C (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2012-02-21 | Mold-Masters Limited | Lateral gating injection molding apparatus |
US6945310B2 (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2005-09-20 | Takata Corporation | Method and apparatus for manufacturing metallic parts by die casting |
US20070277953A1 (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2007-12-06 | Ward Gary C | Semi-solid material formation within a cold chamber shot sleeve |
CN202114235U (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-01-18 | 宁波思进机械有限公司 | Oil outlet speed control system of die casting machine |
CN202291259U (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-07-04 | 镇江同舟螺旋桨有限公司 | Gating system for copper propeller cast used in large-sized ship |
DE102012010923A1 (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2013-12-05 | Gebr. Krallmann Gmbh | Delivery device for a molten metal in an injection pressure unit |
DE102013105435B3 (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2014-07-10 | Schuler Pressen Gmbh | Casting valve with a recompression piston |
DE102013105433B3 (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2014-05-22 | Schuler Pressen Gmbh | Casting device with a loop and casting process |
-
2014
- 2014-03-24 DE DE102014205388.9A patent/DE102014205388A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2015
- 2015-03-04 EP EP15707393.3A patent/EP3122494B1/en active Active
- 2015-03-04 CN CN201580003246.7A patent/CN105848809B/en active Active
- 2015-03-04 WO PCT/EP2015/054458 patent/WO2015144398A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2016-09-22 US US15/272,487 patent/US10092950B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102014205388A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
CN105848809A (en) | 2016-08-10 |
US10092950B2 (en) | 2018-10-09 |
WO2015144398A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
CN105848809B (en) | 2018-06-08 |
EP3122494A1 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
US20170008078A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
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