EP3114426A1 - Method for producing a large-caliber warhead, and warhead produced according to said method - Google Patents

Method for producing a large-caliber warhead, and warhead produced according to said method

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Publication number
EP3114426A1
EP3114426A1 EP15707987.2A EP15707987A EP3114426A1 EP 3114426 A1 EP3114426 A1 EP 3114426A1 EP 15707987 A EP15707987 A EP 15707987A EP 3114426 A1 EP3114426 A1 EP 3114426A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
warhead
explosive charge
casing
warhead casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15707987.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3114426B1 (en
Inventor
Ole Dau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Priority to PL15707987T priority Critical patent/PL3114426T3/en
Publication of EP3114426A1 publication Critical patent/EP3114426A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3114426B1 publication Critical patent/EP3114426B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/207—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by the explosive material or the construction of the high explosive warhead, e.g. insensitive ammunition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
    • F42B12/80—Coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F42B33/02—Filling cartridges, missiles, or fuzes; Inserting propellant or explosive charges
    • F42B33/0214—Filling cartridges, missiles, or fuzes; Inserting propellant or explosive charges by casting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a large-caliber warhead with a warhead casing which encloses an explosive charge made of plastic-bonded explosive, wherein a compensation layer of an elastic material is arranged between the explosive charge and the inner wall of the warhead casing.
  • the invention further relates to a large-caliber explosive projectile produced by this process.
  • the insensitive explosive must be decoupled from the inner wall of the projectile in the projectile casing. Due to the different volume expansion behavior of the explosive and the bullet casing material with temperature fluctuations, this decoupling is necessary so that no cracks occur in the explosive.
  • DE 10 2012 000 01 1 A1 discloses a spin-stabilized explosive projectile with a charge envelope (liner) between the projectile casing and the explosive charge made of an elastic material. In order to avoid cracking of the explosive charge in the region of the central longitudinal axis, a separating web is arranged centrally along the longitudinal axis.
  • a liner with at least one bead or a cam to prevent slippage of the liner is described in DE 10 2006 034 891 A1.
  • the lining of the bullet inner body is usually carried out by a plastic hollow body, for example, a blow-molded plastic, a so-called liner. This is introduced before pouring the explosive charge in the metal projectile body and brought by air and heat in its desired form.
  • Another method is known for example from EP 1 338 860 B1. It should cause a decoupling of the explosive charge from the inner wall of the warhead casing due to the different volumetric expansion coefficients of the explosive charge and the warhead casing material, a temperature elastic bag-shaped plastic shell. This is introduced before the introduction of the explosive charge via a mouth hole of the warhead casing in the interior of the warhead casing.
  • a disadvantage of the known method is, inter alia, that the mouth hole used for screwing a detonator has a small diameter, so that both the introduction and positioning of the liner in the interior of the warhead casing and the introduction of the usually high-viscosity castable explosive charge in the liner are extremely time consuming. Since the known liner material is often not sufficiently elastic and moreover has large tolerances in terms of its length and diameter, the liner must be folded several times during insertion into the warhead casing, and the resulting "wrinkles" must be adapted to the internal geometry of the warhead casing in several steps ,
  • a method for producing a large-caliber explosive projectile, with an integrated between the explosive charge and the inner wall of the projectile casing elastic liner is disclosed in DE 10 2009 022 495 A1.
  • the projectile casing is designed in two parts, the introduction of the liner into the rear-side projectile casing section and the explosive charge into the liner taking place before the two projectile casing sections are connected to one another.
  • US 5,054,399 A discloses an artillery or ammunition casing having a hollow outer casing with a shock-weakening inner lining of successive layers of decreasing acoustic impedance material. This is intended to reduce the shock sensitivity and the cookoff sensitivity of the ammunition.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned, in which also with regard to temperature fluctuations by means of a leveling layer complete decoupling of the explosive is ensured by the warhead.
  • the leveling layer is exactly on the inner wall of the warhead casing, so that surface defects such as dents / bumps etc. are compensated, which could be located between the leveling layer and the inner wall of the warhead casing (avoid wrinkles).
  • a warhead is to be disclosed, which is produced by this method.
  • the invention is based essentially on the idea of not using as a leveling layer between the explosive charge and the inner wall of the warhead casing a prefabricated plastic sheath which must be introduced through the relatively narrow mouth of the warhead casing in the interior of the warhead casing, but to provide a double inner coating, the can be easily introduced through the mouth of the warhead casing in this.
  • the first coating applied to the inner wall of the warhead casing and serving as a binding layer has a low adhesion to the second coating directly adjoining the first coating on the explosive charge side.
  • the elastically formed, second coating is chosen such that it has the same (but at least substantially the same) chemical composition as the plastic binder of the explosive charge.
  • the explosive charge combines conclusive with the second coating, so that a separation of the two adhesive partners after the polymerization of the contents of the explosive charge is no longer possible. Since the first coating has only a low adhesion to the second coating, and thus also to the explosive charge, the required decoupling between warhead casing and explosive charge is ensured.
  • the first coating with low adhesion is first applied to the inner wall of the warhead casing in which this coating is spray-lacquered or "swung out.”
  • the coating is adjusted to a low viscosity with a suitable dilution and introduced by " Panning "applied to the surface.
  • the second coating is then applied thereon, whose material corresponds to the plastic binder of the explosive. This is done analogously to the first coating.
  • the plastic-bonded explosive charge is introduced in the casting process into the internally coated warhead casing.
  • the warhead casing consists of a corrosive material, such as steel
  • the already required corrosion protection color anti-rust color
  • an adhesion-reducing anti-corrosion additive Such coatings with these properties are commercially available and known.
  • the invention provides that a double inner coating is integrated as a compensation layer between the explosive charge and the inner wall of the warhead casing.
  • the first coating applied to the inner wall of the warhead casing serves as a bonding layer with a low adhesion.
  • the explosive charge side is bonded to the first coating in a materially bonded manner between second coating tion and explosive subsequent second coating is chosen such that it has the same (at least substantially the same) chemical composition as the plastic binder of the explosive charge.
  • the warhead 1 comprises a warhead casing 2 made of steel with a bottom part 3 and an ogival front part 4, in which there is a mouth hole 5 into which a head detonator (not shown) can be screwed.
  • the warhead casing 2 encloses an explosive charge 6 made of a plastic-bound, insensitive explosive mixture, wherein a compensation layer 8 is arranged between the explosive charge 6 and the inner wall 7 of the warhead casing 2.
  • the compensation layer 8 is composed of two different, coherently interconnected coatings 9, 10 together.
  • the first coating 9 consists of a commercially available anticorrosive paint (antirust paint) which, in contrast to standard anticorrosive paints, has a defined content of adhesion-reducing constituents, so that the hardened inner coating has reduced adhesion to soiling or other coatings.
  • Such anticorrosion paints may be Rhenotherm Jumbo I / II / III, with an additive that reduces the adhesion of the anticorrosive paint to the second coating (for example, ETFE / PFA / FEP).
  • the second coating 10 consists of an elastic plastic whose composition can correspond to that of the plastic binder of the explosive charge.
  • polyurethane is used as a plastic binder of a hexogen and / or octogen-containing explosive mixture, and the second coating 10 is preferably made of polyurethane.
  • the applied layer thickness is dependent on the internal volume and the expected temperature and environmental influences. For example, for an internal volume of 3 dm 3 to 10 dm 3 and an applied temperature of - 52 ° C to + 71 ° C, the layer thickness should be approximately 0.5 to 1 mm.
  • the first coating 9 with the adhesion-reducing additive is first applied to the inner wall 7 of the warhead casing 2, in which the coating is preferably applied through the mouth hole 5, for example by spray painting.
  • the second coating 10 is applied to it, in which coating is also preferably painted or "swung out" through the mouth hole 5.
  • the plastic-bound explosive charge 6 is finally introduced into the internally coated warhead casing 2 in the casting process. After curing of the explosive charge 6 then the mouth hole 5 can be closed by a jackscrew or possibly directly by a head igniter. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a large-caliber warhead (1) with a warhead casing (2) which surrounds an explosive charge (6) made of a plastic-bonded explosive. A compensation layer (8) made of an elastic material is arranged between the explosive charge (6) and the inner wall (7) of the warhead casing (2). In order to allow the compensation layer (8) to lie on the inner wall (7) of the warhead casing (2) in an exact manner, a double inner coating is provided as the compensation layer (8) between the explosive charge (6) and the inner wall (7) of the warhead casing (2). The first coating (9), which rests against the inner wall (7) of the warhead casing (2), is used as a binding coating with a low adhesive capability. The subsequent second coating (10) has the same chemical composition as the plastic binder of the explosive charge (6). A low adhesive bond, which is intentionally broken upon the temperature-dependent volumetric expansion/shrinkage of the explosive, is produced between a first (adhesion-reduced) anticorrosive paint and a second "binder coating".

Description

B E S C H R E I B U N G  DESCRIPTION
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines großkalibrigen Gefechtskopfes und Gefechtskopf, hergestellt nach diesem Verfahren Method for producing a large-caliber warhead and warhead produced by this method
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines großkalibrigen Gefechtskopfes mit einer Gefechtskopfhülle, die eine Sprengladung aus kunststoffgebundenem Spreng- stoff umschließt, wobei zwischen der Sprengladung und der Innenwand der Gefechtskopfhülle eine Ausgleichsschicht aus einem elastischen Material angeordnet ist. Die Erfindung bezieht sich ferner auf ein nach diesem Verfahren hergestelltes großkalibriges Sprenggeschoß. Der insensitive Sprengstoff muss zur Innenwand des Geschosses entkoppelt in der Geschosshülle eingebracht sein. Aufgrund des unterschiedlichen Volumenausdehnungsverhaltens des Sprengstoffes und des Geschosshüllenwerkstoffs bei Temperaturschwankungen ist diese Entkoppelung notwendig, damit keine Risse im Sprengstoff entstehen. Die DE 10 2012 000 01 1 A1 offenbart ein drallstabilisiertes Sprenggeschoss mit einer zwischen der Geschosshülle und der Sprengladung aus einem elastischen Material bestehenden Ladungshülle (Liner). Um eine Rissbildung der Sprengladung im Bereich der mittleren Längsachse zu vermeiden, ist mittig entlang der Längsachse ein Trennsteg angeordnet. The invention relates to a method for producing a large-caliber warhead with a warhead casing which encloses an explosive charge made of plastic-bonded explosive, wherein a compensation layer of an elastic material is arranged between the explosive charge and the inner wall of the warhead casing. The invention further relates to a large-caliber explosive projectile produced by this process. The insensitive explosive must be decoupled from the inner wall of the projectile in the projectile casing. Due to the different volume expansion behavior of the explosive and the bullet casing material with temperature fluctuations, this decoupling is necessary so that no cracks occur in the explosive. DE 10 2012 000 01 1 A1 discloses a spin-stabilized explosive projectile with a charge envelope (liner) between the projectile casing and the explosive charge made of an elastic material. In order to avoid cracking of the explosive charge in the region of the central longitudinal axis, a separating web is arranged centrally along the longitudinal axis.
Einen Liner mit wenigstens einer Wulst oder einem Nocken zur Vermeidung des Rutschen des Liners beschreibt die DE 10 2006 034 891 A1. A liner with at least one bead or a cam to prevent slippage of the liner is described in DE 10 2006 034 891 A1.
Die Auskleidung des Geschossinnenkörpers erfolgt in der Regel durch einen zum Beispiel in Blasformtechnik erzeugten Kunststoff-Hohlkörper, einem so genannten Liner. Dieser wird vor dem Gießen der Sprengladung in den metallenen Geschosskörper eingebracht und durch Luft-und Wärmebeaufschlagung in seine Sollform gebracht. The lining of the bullet inner body is usually carried out by a plastic hollow body, for example, a blow-molded plastic, a so-called liner. This is introduced before pouring the explosive charge in the metal projectile body and brought by air and heat in its desired form.
Ein weiteres Verfahren ist beispielsweise aus der EP 1 338 860 B1 bekannt. Dabei soll aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Volumenausdehnungskoeffizienten der Sprengladung und des Gefechtskopfhüllenwerkstoffes eine elastische sackförmige Kunststoffhülle eine Entkopplung der Sprengladung von der Innenwand der Gefechtskopfhülle bei Temperaturschwankungen bewirken. Diese wird vor dem Einbringen der Sprengladung über ein Mundloch der Gefechtskopfhülle in den Innenraum der Gefechtskopfhülle eingebracht. Another method is known for example from EP 1 338 860 B1. It should cause a decoupling of the explosive charge from the inner wall of the warhead casing due to the different volumetric expansion coefficients of the explosive charge and the warhead casing material, a temperature elastic bag-shaped plastic shell. This is introduced before the introduction of the explosive charge via a mouth hole of the warhead casing in the interior of the warhead casing.
Nachteilig bei dem bekannten Verfahren ist unter anderem, dass das zum Einschrauben eines Kopfzünders verwendete Mundloch einen geringen Durchmesser aufweist, so dass sowohl das Einbringen und Positionieren des Liners in den Innenraum der Gefechtskopfhülle als auch das Einbringen der in der Regel hochviskosen gießbaren Sprengladung in den Liner außerordentlich zeitaufwendig sind. Da das bekannte Linermaterial häufig nicht ausreichend elastisch ist und überdies große Toleranzen hinsichtlich seiner Länge und Durchmesser aufweist, muss der Liner während des Einbringens in die Gefechtskopfhülle mehrfach gefaltet werden, und die dabei entstehenden„Knitterfalten" müssen der Innengeometrie der Gefechtskopfhülle in mehreren Arbeitsschritten angepasst werden. A disadvantage of the known method is, inter alia, that the mouth hole used for screwing a detonator has a small diameter, so that both the introduction and positioning of the liner in the interior of the warhead casing and the introduction of the usually high-viscosity castable explosive charge in the liner are extremely time consuming. Since the known liner material is often not sufficiently elastic and moreover has large tolerances in terms of its length and diameter, the liner must be folded several times during insertion into the warhead casing, and the resulting "wrinkles" must be adapted to the internal geometry of the warhead casing in several steps ,
Außerdem weisen bekannte Liner herstellungsbedingt im Bodenbereich häufig Verwerfungen und Dopplungen auf, die eine vollständige Auskleidung des bodenseitigen Bereiches der Gefechtskopfhülle verhindern. In addition, known liners due to the production in the floor area often faults and doubling, which prevent complete lining of the bottom region of the warhead casing.
Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines großkalibrigen Sprenggeschosses, mit einem zwischen der Sprengladung und der Innenwand der Geschosshülle eingebundenen elastischen Liner, wird in der DE 10 2009 022 495 A1 offenbart. Dabei ist die Geschosshülle zweiteilig ausgeführt, wobei das Einbringen des Liners in den heckseitigen Geschosshül- lenabschnitt und der Sprengladung in den Liner vor dem Verbinden der beiden Geschosshüllen miteinander erfolgt. A method for producing a large-caliber explosive projectile, with an integrated between the explosive charge and the inner wall of the projectile casing elastic liner is disclosed in DE 10 2009 022 495 A1. In this case, the projectile casing is designed in two parts, the introduction of the liner into the rear-side projectile casing section and the explosive charge into the liner taking place before the two projectile casing sections are connected to one another.
Aufgrund des häufig nicht vollflächig an der Gefechtskopfhülle anliegenden Liners kann es zu nicht erwünschten Verunreinigungen zwischen dem Liner und der Gefechtskopfhülle kommen. Die US 5,054,399 A offenbart eine Artillerie- oder Munitionshülle, die ein hohles Außengehäuse mit einer schockschwächenden Innenauskleidung aus aufeinander folgenden Schichten von Material abnehmender akustischer Impedanz aufweist. Damit soll die Stoßempfindlichkeit und die Cookoff-Empfindlichkeit der Munition reduziert werden. Due to the liner, which is often not applied to the entire surface of the warhead casing, undesired contamination between the liner and the warhead casing can occur. US 5,054,399 A discloses an artillery or ammunition casing having a hollow outer casing with a shock-weakening inner lining of successive layers of decreasing acoustic impedance material. This is intended to reduce the shock sensitivity and the cookoff sensitivity of the ammunition.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art anzugeben, bei dem ebenfalls im Hinblick auf Temperaturschwankungen mittels einer Ausgleichsschicht eine vollständige Entkopplung des Sprengstoffes von der Gefechtskopfhül- le gewährleistet wird. Dabei liegt die Ausgleichsschicht exakt an der Innenwand der Gefechtskopfhülle an, so dass Oberflächenfehler wie Dellen / Beulen etc. ausgeglichen werden, die sich zwischen der Ausgleichsschicht und der Innenwand der Gefechtskopfhülle befinden könnten (Vermeidung einer Faltenbildung). Außerdem soll ein Gefechtskopf offenbart werden, welcher nach diesem Verfahren hergestellt ist. The invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned, in which also with regard to temperature fluctuations by means of a leveling layer complete decoupling of the explosive is ensured by the warhead. In this case, the leveling layer is exactly on the inner wall of the warhead casing, so that surface defects such as dents / bumps etc. are compensated, which could be located between the leveling layer and the inner wall of the warhead casing (avoid wrinkles). In addition, a warhead is to be disclosed, which is produced by this method.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß hinsichtlich des Verfahrens durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 und 6 hinsichtlich des Gefechtskopfes durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs gelöst. Weitere, besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung offenbaren die Unteransprüche. This object is achieved with respect to the method by the features of claim 1 and 6 with respect to the warhead by the features of the claim. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention disclose the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung beruht im Wesentlichen auf dem Gedanken, als Ausgleichsschicht zwischen der Sprengladung und der Innenwand der Gefechtskopfhülle nicht eine vorgefertigte Kunststoffhülle zu verwenden, die durch das relative enge Mundloch der Gefechtskopfhülle in den Innenraum der Gefechtskopfhülle eingebracht werden muss, sondern eine doppelte Innenbeschichtung vorzusehen, die auf einfache Weise durch das Mundloch der Gefechtskopfhülle in diese eingebracht werden kann. Dabei weist die an der Innenwand der Gefechtskopfhülle anliegende und als Bindeschicht dienende erste Beschichtung ein geringes Haftvermögen gegenüber der sich sprengladungsseitig an die erste Beschichtung direkt anschließenden, zweiten Beschichtung auf. Die elastisch ausgebildete, zweite Beschichtung ist derart gewählt, dass sie die gleiche (zumindest aber im Wesentlichen gleiche) chemische Zusammensetzung aufweist wie der Kunststoffbinder der Sprengladung. The invention is based essentially on the idea of not using as a leveling layer between the explosive charge and the inner wall of the warhead casing a prefabricated plastic sheath which must be introduced through the relatively narrow mouth of the warhead casing in the interior of the warhead casing, but to provide a double inner coating, the can be easily introduced through the mouth of the warhead casing in this. In this case, the first coating applied to the inner wall of the warhead casing and serving as a binding layer has a low adhesion to the second coating directly adjoining the first coating on the explosive charge side. The elastically formed, second coating is chosen such that it has the same (but at least substantially the same) chemical composition as the plastic binder of the explosive charge.
Aufgrund der identischen chemischen Bestandteile der zweiten Beschichtung und dem Binder des kunststoffgebundenen Sprengstoffes verbindet sich die Sprengladung stoff- schlüssig mit der zweiten Beschichtung, so dass eine Auftrennung der beiden Haftpartner nach der Polymerisation der Inhaltsstoffe der Sprengladung nicht mehr möglich ist. Da die erste Beschichtung gegenüber der zweiten Beschichtung, und damit auch gegenüber der Sprengladung, nur eine geringe Haftung aufweist, ist auch die erforderliche Entkopplung zwischen Gefechtskopfhülle und Sprengladung sichergestellt. Due to the identical chemical constituents of the second coating and the binder of the plastic-bound explosive, the explosive charge combines conclusive with the second coating, so that a separation of the two adhesive partners after the polymerization of the contents of the explosive charge is no longer possible. Since the first coating has only a low adhesion to the second coating, and thus also to the explosive charge, the required decoupling between warhead casing and explosive charge is ensured.
Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens der Erfindung wird zunächst auf die Innenwand der Gefechtskopfhülle die erste Beschichtung mit geringem Haftvermögen aufgebracht, in dem diese Beschichtung sprühlackiert oder„ausgeschwenkt" wird. Hierbei wird die Be- Schichtung mit einer geeigneten Verdünnung dünnflüssig eingestellt und durch ein Einbringen und„Schwenken" auf die Oberfläche aufgebracht. To carry out the method of the invention, the first coating with low adhesion is first applied to the inner wall of the warhead casing in which this coating is spray-lacquered or "swung out." In this case, the coating is adjusted to a low viscosity with a suitable dilution and introduced by " Panning "applied to the surface.
Nach dem Trocknen der ersten Beschichtung wird dann auf dieser die zweite Beschichtung aufgetragen, deren Material dem Kunststoffbinder des Sprengstoffes entspricht. Hierzu wird analog der ersten Beschichtung verfahren. After drying the first coating, the second coating is then applied thereon, whose material corresponds to the plastic binder of the explosive. This is done analogously to the first coating.
Schließlich wird nach der Polymerisation der zweiten Beschichtung die kunststoffgebundene Sprengladung im Gießverfahren in die innenbeschichtete Gefechtskopfhülle eingebracht. Finally, after the polymerization of the second coating, the plastic-bonded explosive charge is introduced in the casting process into the internally coated warhead casing.
Für den Fall, dass die Gefechtskopfhülle aus einem korrodierenden Material, etwa Stahl, besteht, hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn als erste Beschichtung die ohnehin erforderliche Korrosionsschutzfarbe (Rostschutzfarbe) verwendet wird, der dann ein das Haftvermögen der Korrosionsschutzfarbe vermindernder Zusatz beigemischt wird. Derar- tige Beschichtungen mit diesen Eigenschaften sind handelsüblich und bekannt. In the event that the warhead casing consists of a corrosive material, such as steel, it has proven to be advantageous if the already required corrosion protection color (anti-rust color) is used as the first coating, which is then admixed with an adhesion-reducing anti-corrosion additive. Such coatings with these properties are commercially available and known.
Dabei haben sich als Zusätze zur Verringerung des Haftvermögens der Korrosionsschutzfarbe insbesondere ETFE / PFA / FEP oder PTFE als vorteilhaft erwiesen. Um also zu erreichen, dass die Ausgleichsschicht exakt an der Innenwand der Gefechtskopfhülle anliegt, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass als Ausgleichsschicht zwischen der Sprengladung und der Innenwand der Gefechtskopfhülle eine doppelte Innenbe- schichtung eingebunden ist. Die an der Innenwand der Gefechtskopfhülle anliegende erste Beschichtung dient als Bindeschicht mit einem geringen Haftvermögen. Die sich sprengladungsseitig an die erste Beschichtung stoffschlüssig zwischen zweiter Beschich- tung und Sprengstoff anschließende zweite Beschichtung ist derart gewählt, dass sie die gleiche (zumindest im Wesentlichen gleiche) chemische Zusammensetzung aufweist wie der Kunststoffbinder der Sprengladung. Zwischen erster (haftreduzierter) Korrosionsschutzfarbe und zweiter„Binderbeschichtung" besteht eine geringe adhäsive Bindung, die bei der Temperatur abhängigen Volumendehnung / -Schrumpfung des Sprengstoffes gewollt gelöst wird. In this case, have proven to be advantageous as additives for reducing the adhesion of the anticorrosive paint in particular ETFE / PFA / FEP or PTFE. Thus, in order to achieve that the compensation layer rests exactly on the inner wall of the warhead casing, the invention provides that a double inner coating is integrated as a compensation layer between the explosive charge and the inner wall of the warhead casing. The first coating applied to the inner wall of the warhead casing serves as a bonding layer with a low adhesion. The explosive charge side is bonded to the first coating in a materially bonded manner between second coating tion and explosive subsequent second coating is chosen such that it has the same (at least substantially the same) chemical composition as the plastic binder of the explosive charge. Between the first (adhesion-reduced) anticorrosion paint and the second "binder coating" there is a slight adhesive bond that is intentionally dissolved in the temperature-dependent volume expansion / shrinkage of the explosive.
Durch eine derartige Lösung wird eine Vereinfachung bzw. Beschleunigung der Fertigung sowie die Bearbeitbarkeit der insensitiven Sprengladung erreicht. Zudem werden spätere Sprengstoff-Fehler, wie Lunker oder Risse, verhindert. Es werden bislang auftretende Oberflächenverunreinigungen zwischen dem Liner und der Geschosshülleninnenwand verhindert. Des Weiteren ist eine exakte Anpassung des Liners an eine unregelmäßige Innengeometrie der Geschosshülle möglich. Das vollständige Füllen des Geschosskörpers erfolgt falten und fehlerfrei. Ein Rutschen des Liners wird ebenfalls wirkungsvoll un- terbunden. Die Entkoppelung des Sprengstoffes von der Geschosshülle wird unter allen Bedingungen sichergestellt. Auch werden Verunreinigungen als auch Gießfehler im Sprengstoff verhindert. Zudem kann eine exakte Auskleidung bzw. Anpassung an eine unregelmäßige Innengeometrie der geschosshülle realisiert werden. Der Schutz des Sprengstoffes wird durch die stoffschlüssige Außen-Beschichtung geschaffen, was zudem zu einer eindeutigen Entkopplung des Sprengstoffes zur Geschosshülle führt. By such a solution, a simplification or acceleration of the production and the workability of the insensitive explosive charge is achieved. In addition, later explosive defects, such as voids or cracks, prevented. It prevents so far occurring surface contamination between the liner and the bullet casing inner wall. Furthermore, an exact adaptation of the liner to an irregular internal geometry of the projectile casing is possible. The complete filling of the projectile body is done folding and error-free. A slippage of the liner is also effectively prevented. The decoupling of the explosive from the projectile shell is ensured under all conditions. Also impurities and casting defects in the explosive are prevented. In addition, an exact lining or adaptation to an irregular internal geometry of the projectile casing can be realized. The protection of the explosive is created by the cohesive outer coating, which also leads to a clear decoupling of the explosive to the projectile casing.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem folgenden, anhand einer Figur erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel. In der Figur ist der Längsschnitt eines mit 1 bezeichneten, und nur schematisch dargestellten, drallstabilisierten Gefechtskopfes wiedergegeben, wie er beispielsweise aus einer Panzerhaubitze verschossen werden kann. Der Gefechtskopf 1 umfasst eine Gefechtskopfhülle 2 aus Stahl mit einem Bodenteil 3 und einem ogivalen Vorderteil 4, in dem sich ein Mundloch 5 befindet, in welches ein Kopfzünder (nicht dargestellt) einschraubbar ist. Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following, explained with reference to a figure embodiment. In the figure, the longitudinal section of a designated 1, and only schematically illustrated, spin-stabilized warhead reproduced as he can be fired, for example, from a Panzerhaubitze. The warhead 1 comprises a warhead casing 2 made of steel with a bottom part 3 and an ogival front part 4, in which there is a mouth hole 5 into which a head detonator (not shown) can be screwed.
Die Gefechtskopfhülle 2 umschließt eine Sprengladung 6 aus einer kunststoffgebundenen, insensitive Sprengstoff-Mischung, wobei zwischen der Sprengladung 6 und der Innenwand 7 der Gefechtskopfhülle 2 eine Ausgleichsschicht 8 angeordnet ist. Erfindungsgemäß setzt sich die Ausgleichsschicht 8 aus zwei unterschiedlichen, kraft- schlüssig miteinander verbundenen Beschichtungen 9, 10 zusammen. Dabei besteht die erste Beschichtung 9 aus einer handelsüblichen Korrosionsschutzfarbe (Rostschutzfarbe), die im Gegensatz zu Standard- Korrosionsschutzfarben einen definierten Anteil an haftreduzierenden Inhaltstoffen aufweist, so dass die ausgehärtete Innenbeschichtung eine reduzierte Haftung gegenüber Verschmutzungen oder anderen Beschichtungen besitzt, aufweist. Derartige Rostschutzfarben können sein Rhenotherm Jumbo I / II / III, mit einem das Haftvermögen der Korrosionsschutzfarbe an der zweiten Beschichtung reduzierenden Zusatz (beispielsweise ETFE / PFA / FEP). Die zweite Beschichtung 10 besteht aus einem elastischen Kunststoff, dessen Zusammensetzung derjenigen des Kunststoffbinders der Sprengladung entsprechen kann. Sofern also Polyurethan als Kunststoffbinder einer Hexogen und/oder Oktogen enthaltende Sprengstoffmischung verwendet wird, besteht auch die zweite Beschichtung 10 bevorzugt aus Polyurethan. Die aufzubringende Schichtdicke ist dabei abhängig vom Innenvolumen und den zu erwartenden Temperatur- und Umwelteinflüssen. So sollte zum Beispiel die Schichtdicke bei einem Innenvolumen von 3 dm3 bis 10 dm3 und einer einwirkenden Temperatur von - 52 °C bis + 71 °C ca.0,5 bis 1 mm betragen. The warhead casing 2 encloses an explosive charge 6 made of a plastic-bound, insensitive explosive mixture, wherein a compensation layer 8 is arranged between the explosive charge 6 and the inner wall 7 of the warhead casing 2. According to the invention, the compensation layer 8 is composed of two different, coherently interconnected coatings 9, 10 together. In this case, the first coating 9 consists of a commercially available anticorrosive paint (antirust paint) which, in contrast to standard anticorrosive paints, has a defined content of adhesion-reducing constituents, so that the hardened inner coating has reduced adhesion to soiling or other coatings. Such anticorrosion paints may be Rhenotherm Jumbo I / II / III, with an additive that reduces the adhesion of the anticorrosive paint to the second coating (for example, ETFE / PFA / FEP). The second coating 10 consists of an elastic plastic whose composition can correspond to that of the plastic binder of the explosive charge. Thus, if polyurethane is used as a plastic binder of a hexogen and / or octogen-containing explosive mixture, and the second coating 10 is preferably made of polyurethane. The applied layer thickness is dependent on the internal volume and the expected temperature and environmental influences. For example, for an internal volume of 3 dm 3 to 10 dm 3 and an applied temperature of - 52 ° C to + 71 ° C, the layer thickness should be approximately 0.5 to 1 mm.
Zur Herstellung des Gefechtskopfes 1 wird zunächst auf die Innenwand 7 der Gefechtskopfhülle 2 die erste Beschichtung 9 mit dem haftungsreduzierenden Zusatz aufgebracht, in dem bevorzugt durch das Mundloch 5 hindurch die Beschichtung beispielsweise per Sprühlackierung aufgebracht wird. Nach dem Trocknen der ersten Beschichtung 9 wird auf dieser die zweite Beschichtung 10 aufgebracht, in dem ebenfalls durch das Mundloch 5 hindurch bevorzugt lackiert oder „ausgeschwenkt" wird. For the production of the warhead 1, the first coating 9 with the adhesion-reducing additive is first applied to the inner wall 7 of the warhead casing 2, in which the coating is preferably applied through the mouth hole 5, for example by spray painting. After the first coating 9 has dried, the second coating 10 is applied to it, in which coating is also preferably painted or "swung out" through the mouth hole 5.
Nach der Polymerisation der zweiten Beschichtung 10 wird schließlich die kunststoffge- bundene Sprengladung 6 im Gießverfahren in die innenbeschichtete Gefechtskopfhülle 2 eingebracht. Nach Aushärten der Sprengladung 6 kann dann das Mundloch 5 etwa durch eine Hebeschraube oder gegebenenfalls auch direkt durch einen Kopfzünder verschlossen werden. Bezugszeichenliste After the polymerization of the second coating 10, the plastic-bound explosive charge 6 is finally introduced into the internally coated warhead casing 2 in the casting process. After curing of the explosive charge 6 then the mouth hole 5 can be closed by a jackscrew or possibly directly by a head igniter. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Gefechtskopf 1 warhead
2 Gefechtskopfhülle 2 warhead casing
3 Bodenteil 3 bottom part
4 Vorderteil  4 front part
5 Mundloch  5 mouth hole
6 Sprengladung  6 explosive charge
7 Innenwand  7 interior wall
8 Ausgleichsschicht 8 leveling layer
9 (erste) Beschichtung9 (first) coating
10 (zweite) Beschichtung 10 (second) coating

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines großkalibrigen Gefechtskopfes (1 ) mit einer Gefechtskopfhülle (2), die eine Sprengladung (6) aus kunststoffgebundenem Sprengstoff umschließt, wobei zwischen der Sprengladung (6) und der Innenwand (7) der Gefechtskopfhülle (2) eine Ausgleichsschicht (8) aus einem elastischen Material angeordnet ist, wobei als Ausgleichsschicht (8) eine doppelte Innenbeschichtung (9, 10) vorgesehen ist, mit den Merkmalen: a) zunächst wird auf die Innenwand (7) der Gefechtskopfhülle (2) eine als Bindeschicht dienende erste Beschichtung (9) mit geringem Haftvermögen aufgebracht, b) nach dem Trocknen der ersten Beschichtung (9) wird auf dieser eine aus Kunststoff bestehende zweite Beschichtung (10) aufgetragen, deren Material dem Kunststoffbinder der in die Gefechtskopfhülle (2) einzubringenden Sprengladung (6) entspricht, und c) nach der Polymerisation der zweiten Beschichtung (10) wird die kunststoffgebundene Sprengladung (6) im Gießverfahren in die innenbeschichtete Gefechtskopfhülle (2) eingebracht, wobei nach der Polymerisation der Inhaltsstoffe der Sprengladung (6) eine Auftrennung der stoffschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen Sprengladung (6) und zweiter Beschichtung (10) nicht mehr möglich ist. Method for producing a large-caliber warhead (1) with a warhead casing (2) enclosing an explosive charge (6) made of plastic-bonded explosive, wherein a compensation layer (8) is provided between the explosive charge (6) and the inner wall (7) of the warhead casing (2) a double inner coating (9, 10) is provided, with the features: a) initially, on the inner wall (7) of the warhead casing 9) applied with low adhesion, b) after drying of the first coating (9), a second coating (10) made of plastic is applied thereon, the material of which corresponds to the plastic binder of the explosive charge (6) to be introduced into the warhead casing (2), and c) after the polymerization of the second coating (10), the plastic-bound explosive charge (6) in the casting process in the inner layer ete warhead casing (2) introduced, wherein after the polymerization of the contents of the explosive charge (6), a separation of the cohesive connection between explosive charge (6) and second coating (10) is no longer possible.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer aus Stahl bestehenden Gefechtskopfhülle (2) als erste Beschichtung (9) eine Korrosionsschutzfarbe mit einem das Haftvermögen der Korrosionsschutzfarbe reduzierenden Zusatz verwendet wird. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that in a warhead casing (2) made of steel as the first coating (9), a corrosion protection paint with a the adhesion of the anti-corrosion color reducing additive is used.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Beschichtung (9) per Sprühlackierung aufgebracht wird. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Beschichtung (10) lackiert oder„ausgeschwenkt" wird. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first coating (9) is applied by spray painting. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second coating (10) is painted or "swung out".
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtungen (9, 10) durch das Mundloch (5) hindurch aufgebracht wird. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the coatings (9, 10) through the mouth hole (5) is applied therethrough.
Gefechtskopf mit einer Gefechtskopfhülle (2), die eine Sprengladung (6) aus kunststoffgebundenem Sprengstoff umschließt, wobei zwischen der Sprengladung (6) und der Innenwand (7) der Gefechtskopfhülle (2) eine aus einem elastischen Material bestehende Ausgleichsschicht (8) angeordnet ist, wobei als Ausgleichsschicht (8) eine doppelte Innenbeschichtung (9, 10) vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausgleichsschicht (8) eine sich an die Innenwand (7) der Gefechtskopfhülle (2) anschließende, als Bindeschicht ausgebildete, erste Beschichtung (9) mit geringem Haftvermögen und eine sich an die erste Beschichtung (9) anschließende, elastische zweite Beschichtung (10) umfasst, wobei die zweite Beschichtung (10) aus einem Material besteht, das dem Kunststoffbinder der Sprengladung (6) entspricht und eine Auftrennung der stoffschlüssigen Verbindung zwischen Sprengladung (6) und zweiter Beschichtung (10) nicht mehr möglich ist. A warhead with a warhead casing (2) enclosing an explosive charge (6) of plastic-bonded explosive, wherein between the explosive charge (6) and the inner wall (7) of the warhead casing (2) is arranged a leveling layer (8) made of an elastic material, wherein a double inner coating (9, 10) is provided as compensating layer (8), characterized in that the compensating layer (8) adjoins the inner wall (7) of the warhead casing (2), formed as a bonding layer, first coating (9) with low adhesion and an elastic second coating (10) adjoining the first coating (9), wherein the second coating (10) consists of a material which corresponds to the plastic binder of the explosive charge (6) and a separation of the cohesive connection between explosive charge (6) and second coating (10) is no longer possible.
Gefechtskopf nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer aus Stahl bestehenden Gefechtskopfhülle (2) die erste Beschichtung (9) aus einem Korrosionsschutzmaterial mit mindestens einem das Haftvermögen des Korrosionsschutzmaterials reduzierenden Zusatz besteht. A warhead according to claim 6, characterized in that in the case of a warhead casing (2) made of steel, the first coating (9) consists of a corrosion protection material having at least one additive which reduces the adhesion of the corrosion protection material.
Gefechtskopf nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem das Haftvermögen reduzierenden Zusatz um ETFE / PFA / FEP oder ähnliche Antihaftei- genschaften handelt. A warhead according to claim 7, characterized in that the adhesion reducing additive is ETFE / PFA / FEP or similar anti-stick properties.
EP15707987.2A 2014-03-07 2015-03-06 Method for producing a large-caliber warhead, and warhead produced according to said method Active EP3114426B1 (en)

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PCT/EP2015/054713 WO2015132381A1 (en) 2014-03-07 2015-03-06 Method for producing a large-caliber warhead, and warhead produced according to said method

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DE102013021030A1 (en) 2013-12-17 2015-06-18 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Warhead and explosive charge module for such a warhead
DE102015005980A1 (en) 2015-05-08 2016-11-10 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Explosive charge with vogegebenem volume and given outer shape and bullet
US11766809B2 (en) * 2018-03-05 2023-09-26 Bae Systems Plc Method of forming pre-defined recess in cured or cast explosive composition

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US4011818A (en) * 1976-04-01 1977-03-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Warhead explosive liner
US5054399A (en) * 1988-07-05 1991-10-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Bomb or ordnance with internal shock attenuation barrier
DE10207209A1 (en) * 2002-02-21 2003-09-11 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh Process for producing a large-caliber explosive projectile and an explosive projectile produced by this process
DE102005050973A1 (en) * 2005-10-25 2007-04-26 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh explosive projectile
DE102006034891A1 (en) * 2006-07-25 2008-02-07 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh liner
DE102009022495A1 (en) * 2009-05-25 2010-12-02 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Method for producing a large-caliber explosive projectile and explosive projectile, produced by this method
DE102012000011A1 (en) * 2012-01-02 2013-07-04 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Spin-stabilized explosive projectile

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WO2015132381A1 (en) 2015-09-11
PL3114426T3 (en) 2018-10-31

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