EP3114254B1 - Use of n-methyl-n-acylglucamine as corrosion inhibitor - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the use of N-methyl-N-acylglucamine as a corrosion inhibitor.

Agents having a corrosion-inhibiting action are sought in various applications, for example for the production of aqueous metal treatment and metalworking fluids, in particular anticorrosive, cleaner and coolant emulsions. Corrosion inhibitors are intended to protect metals such as iron, aluminum, zinc, copper or their alloys against corrosion during technical processing stages of the metal parts and prevent rusting.

As water-soluble corrosion inhibitors, a variety of inorganic and organic compounds are known. Inorganic corrosion inhibitors may be based, for example, on chromates, nitrites or phosphates, but these are more or less disadvantageous for toxicological and ecological reasons. Organic corrosion inhibitors are often based on carboxylates, amines, amides or on nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds.

Polyhydroxy fatty acid amides and their use as nonionic surfactant in detergents and cleaners are described in numerous patents.

WO 9412609 teaches detergents and cleaners containing polyhydroxy fatty acid amide having a good cleansing action, in particular against greasy soiling on textiles or tableware.

WO 9841601 teaches cleaning compositions containing polyhydroxy fatty acid amide which will remove greasy and oily soils on cooking utensils and are non-corrosive. WO 9523840 teaches detergents containing polyhydroxy fatty acid amide, which are characterized by good color protection.

EP 0745719 describes the use of carbohydrate compounds, including polyhydroxy fatty acid amides as auxiliaries for dyeing or printing fiber materials with fiber-reactive dyes. US 2 993 887 A1 describes the use of heterocyclic N-methyl-N-acylglucamines wherein R2 is a hydrocarbon group of 2 to 25 carbon atoms and R is a hexane pentene anhydride as corrosion inhibitors. The object of the present invention was to provide water-soluble corrosion inhibitors, which are superior to the known corrosion inhibitors, in particular with regard to environmental compatibility, and show very good corrosion-inhibiting activity.

It has surprisingly been found that N-methyl-N-acylglucamine in the presence of water, show a significant corrosion-inhibiting effect on metal surfaces and also characterized by good environmental compatibility and safe use.

worin R¹ für eine lineare oder verzweigte, gesättigte oder ungesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffgruppe mit 7 bis 21 Kohlenstoffatomen steht, als Korrosionsinhibitor.The invention therefore provides the use of one or more N-methyl-N-acylglucamines of the formula (I)

wherein R ^{1 is} a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 7 to 21 carbon atoms, as a corrosion inhibitor.

Further designations for N-methyl-N-acylglucamine are N-methyl-N-1-desoxysorbitol fatty acid amide, N-acyl-N-methyl-glucamine, glucamide or N-methyl-N-alkylglucamide.

N-methyl-N-acylglucamines of formula (I) effectively protect metal surfaces from corrosion, are surface active and have high water dispersibility which is indispensable for the formulation of aqueous concentrates for metalworking and metalworking fluids.

Another object of the invention is the use of one or more N-methyl-N-acylglucaminen of formula (I) for the preparation of oil-containing, water-miscible emulsion concentrates which provide by dilution with water ready-to-use corrosion protection, cleaning and cooling lubricant emulsions.

Another object of the invention is the use of one or more N-methyl-N-acylglucaminen of formula (I) as a component of anticorrosion compositions, cleaners for metals and coolant emulsions.

Another object of the invention is a method for preventing or mitigating the formation of corrosion on metal surfaces by bringing the metal surface with one or more N-methyl-N-acylglucaminen the formula (I) in contact.

In a preferred embodiment, R ^{1 is} an aliphatic group.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, R ^{1 is} a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 11 to 17 carbon atoms. In particular, R ^{1 is} a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group. Particularly preferably, R ^{1 is} a linear, saturated or unsaturated C ₁₁ , C ₁₃ , C ₁₅ or C ₁₇ radical, in particular an unsaturated C ₁₇ radical.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is the use of a mixture of at least 2 to 6 N-methyl-N-acylglucaminen of the formula (I), where the 2 to 6 different N-methyl-N-acylglucamine different acyl groups (-CO R ¹ ) exhibit.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is the use of N-methyl-N-acylglucaminen of the formula (I), wherein these at least 80 wt .-% of a mixture of N-methyl-NC ₁₂ -acylglucamine and N-methyl-NC _14th -acylglucamine.

Another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is the use of N-methyl-N-acylglucaminen of the formula (I), wherein these at least 80 wt .-% of a mixture of N-methyl-NC _16- acylglucamine and N-methyl-NC _18- acylglucamine included.

The N-acyl-N-methylglucamines according to formula (I) can be found in the in EP 0550637 described manner be prepared from the corresponding fatty acid methyl esters and N-methylglucamine. The fatty acids of the fatty acid methyl esters are preferably selected from the group comprising 9-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid), octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid (linoleic acid), octanoic acid (caprylic acid), decanoic acid (capric acid), dodecanoic acid (lauric acid), tetradecanoic acid (myristic acid), hexadecanoic acid (Palmitic acid), octadecanoic acid (stearic acid) and n-docosanoic acid (behenic acid).

R²

für eine lineare oder verzweigte Alkylgruppe oder eine lineare oder verzweigte, ein- oder mehrfach ungesättigte Alkenylgruppe mit 5 bis 29 Kohlenstoffatomen, und

M

für Wasserstoff oder für ein oder mehrere Kationen stehen, wobei die Kationen in ladungsausgleichenden Mengen vorliegen,
und

c)

ein oder mehrere Alkanolamine der Formel (III)

        NR¹R²R³     (III)

worin
R¹, R² und R³ für Wasserstoff, eine lineare oder verzweigte Alkylgruppe mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen, eine Cycloalkylgruppe mit 5 bis 7 Kohlenstoffatomen, eine lineare oder verzweigte Hydroxyalkylgruppe mit 2 bis 5 Kohlenstoffatomen und 1 oder 2 Hydroxygruppen oder eine Hydroxyethergruppe mit 2 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen steht, mit der Maßgabe, dass mindestens einer der Reste eine Hydroxyalkylgruppe oder eine Hydroxyethergruppe ist.Particularly preferred is the use of one or more N-acyl-N-methylglucamines according to the formula I) as a corrosion inhibitor in compositions containing at least one or more organic acids of the formula (II), or salts thereof,

R ² -COOM (II)

wherein

R ²

a linear or branched alkyl group or a linear or branched, mono- or polyunsaturated alkenyl group having 5 to 29 carbon atoms, and

M

are hydrogen or one or more cations, the cations being present in charge-balancing quantities,
and

c)

one or more alkanolamines of the formula (III)

NR ¹ R ² R ³ (III)

wherein
R ¹ , R ² and R ^{3 are} hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms, a linear or branched hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 hydroxy groups or a hydroxy ether group with 2 is up to 6 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least one of the radicals is a hydroxyalkyl group or a hydroxy ether group.

From these compositions it is preferred to prepare oily, water-miscible emulsion concentrates which, upon dilution with water, provide ready-to-use anticorrosive, cleaner and coolant emulsions.

In a preferred embodiment, R ^{2 of} the formula (II) is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 9 to 21 carbon atoms.

The one or more organic acids according to the formula (II) or its salt (s) contained in the compositions are preferably selected from: caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, Montanic acid, melissic acid, undecylenic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, petroselinic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, vaccenic acid, gadoleic acid, icosenic acid, cetoleic acid, erucic acid, nervonic acid, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid, calendic acid, punicic acid, α-elaeostearic acid, β-elaeostearic acid, Arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, clupanodonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, vernolic acid, ricinoleic acid and their salts, in particular coconut, palm kernel, olive oil, tall oil (TOFA) or tallow fatty acids and their salts, as well as naphthenic acid and its salts. Preferably, fatty acid salts are used as Li ⁺ , Na ⁺ , K ⁺ , Mg ⁺⁺ , Ca ⁺⁺ , Al ⁺⁺⁺ and / or NH ₄ ⁺ salts. Likewise preferred are the monoalkylammonium, dialkylammonium, trialkylammonium and / or tetraalkylammonium salts, where the alkyl substituents of the amines can independently of one another be (C ₁ -C ₂₂ ) -alkyl radicals which are optionally substituted by up to 3 (C ₂ -C 4) -alkyl radicals. C ₁₀ ) hydroxyalkyl groups may be occupied.

Particularly preferred is the use of one or more N-acyl-N-methylglucamines according to the formula (I) as a corrosion inhibitor in compositions containing a tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) and / or a coconut fatty acid (CC) or salts thereof. Tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) is as described in the RÖMPP (online ID = RD-20-00149) a monocarboxylic acid according to the formula (II) with predominantly mono-, di- and tri-unsaturated C ₁₈ carbon chains. Coconut fatty acid is mainly composed of C ₈ -C ₁₈ fatty acids, mainly caprylic, lauric, capric, palmitic, stearic, myristic and oleic acids.

Further particularly preferred is the use of one or more N-acyl-N-methylglucamines according to the formula (I) as a corrosion inhibitor in compositions containing one or more alkanolamines of the formula (III) selected from monoethanolamine HOCH ₂ CH ₂ NH ₂ ,, diethanolamine (HIGH ₂ CH ₂ ) ₂ NH, triethanolamine (HOCH ₂ CH ₂ ) ₃ N, monoisopropanolamine CH ₃ CHOHCH ₂ NH ₂ , 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol HIGH ₂ C (CH ₃ ) ₂ NH ₂ , 2 -Amino-1-butanol, CH ₃ CH ₂ CHNH ₂ CH ₂ OH, diglycolamine HOCH ₂ -CH ₂ OCH ₂ CH ₂ NH _2, methylethanolamine HOCH ₂ CH ₂ N (CH ₃ ) H, dimethylethanolamine HOCH ₂ CH ₂ N (CH ₃ ) 2, methyldiethanolamine (HOCH ₂ CH ₂ ) ₂ NCH ₃ , ethylaminoethanol HOCH ₂ CH ₂ N (H) (CH ₂ CH ₃ ), diethylaminoethanol HOCH ₂ CH ₂ N (CH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , 2-amino-2 -ethyl-1,3-propanediol HOCH ₂ C (C ₂ H ₅ ) NH ₂ CH ₂ OH, dimethylamino-2-propanol. CH ₃ CHOHCH ₂ N (CH ₃ ) ₂ , isopropylaminoethanol HOCH ₂ CH ₂ N (H) (CH (CH ₃ ) ₂ ), isopropylaminodiethanol (HOCH ₂ CH ₂ ) ₂ N (CH (CH ₃ ) ₂ ), diisopropylaminoethanol HOCH ₂ CH ₂ N (CH (CH ₃ ) ₂ ) ₂ , n-Butylaminoethanol HOCH ₂ CH ₂ N (H) ((CH ₂ ) ₃ CH ₃ ), dibutylaminoethanol HOCH ₂ CH ₂ N (((CH ₂ ) ₃ CH ₃ ) ₂ , n-butyldiethanolamine (HIGH ₂ CH ₂ N (((CH ₂ ) ₃ CH ₃ ) ₂ , t -butylethanol HOCH ₂ CH ₂ NHCCH ₃ ) ₃ and N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine (HOCH ₂ CH ₂ ) ₂ N (C 6 H ₁₁ ).

The use of one or more N-acyl-N-methylglucamines of the formula (I) as corrosion inhibitor in compositions containing one or more alkanolamines of the formula (III) selected from monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, diglycolamine, monoisopropanolamine and 2 is highly preferred -Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and mixtures thereof.

1. a) 1 bis 50 Gew.-% eines oderer mehrerer Methylglucamine gemäß der Formel (I),
2. b) 0,1 bis 23 Gew.-% mindestens eine organische Säure, bzw dessen Salz gemäß Formel (II) und
3. c) 0,05 bis 42 Gew.-% mindestens eines Alkanolamins gemäß Formel (III) und.
4. d) ad 100 Gew.-% weitere Komponenten enthält.

Another particular embodiment of the invention is the use of one or more N-acyl-N-methylglucamines according to the formula (I) as a corrosion inhibitor in compositions comprising at least one organic acid, or its salt according to formula (II) and at least one alkanolamine according to Formula (III), characterized in that the composition

1. a) 1 to 50% by weight of one or more methylglucamines according to the formula (I),
2. b) 0.1 to 23 wt .-% of at least one organic acid, or its salt according to formula (II) and
3. c) 0.05 to 42 wt .-% of at least one alkanolamine according to formula (III) and.
4. d) ad 100 wt .-% further components.

In a further preferred embodiment, the use according to the invention is carried out with further components selected from one or more emulsifiers, one or more biocides, one or more further corrosion inhibitors, one or more AW additives, one or more EP additives, one or more defoamers, one or more antioxidants, one or more coupling agents, one or more alkali or alkaline earth metals, one or more solubilizers, pH regulators, mineral oils and water.

The emulsifiers are preferably selected from anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric emulsifiers. Preference is given to anionic and / or nonionic emulsifiers.

• Sulfonate, insbesondere Petrolsulfonate, Olefinsulfonate, d. h. Gemische aus Alken- und Hydroxyalkansulfonaten sowie Disulfonaten, wie man sie beispielsweise aus C₁₂-C₁₈-Monoolefinen mit end- oder innenständiger Doppelbindung durch Sulfonieren mit gasförmigem Schwefeltrioxid und anschliessende alkalische oder saure Hydrolyse der Sulfonierungsprodukte erhält, C₁₂-C₁₈-Alkansulfonate, sekundäre Alkansulfonate, C₉-C₁₃-Alkylbenzolsulfonate, α-Naphthlylsulfonate, sowie die Ester von [α]-Sulfofettsäuren (Estersulfonate), zum Beispiel die [α]-sulfonierten Methylester der hydrierten Kokos-, Palmkern- oder Talgfettsäuren.
• - Sulfate, insbesondere Alk(en)ylsulfate, wie die Alkali- und insbesondere die Natriumsalze der Schwefelsäurehalbester der C₁₂-C₁₈-Fettalkohole, beispielsweise aus Kokosfettalkohol, Talgfettalkohol, Lauryl-, Myristyl-, Cetyl- oder Stearylalkohol oder der C₁₀-C₂₀-Oxoalkohole, sowie Alk(en)ylethersulfate, bevorzugt die Schwefelsäuremonoester der mit 1 bis 6 Mol Ethylenoxid ethoxylierten geradkettigen oder verzweigten C₇-C₂₁-Alkohole, wie 2-Methyl-verzweigte C₉-C₁₁-Alkohole.
• - Carboxylate, wie Fettsäureseifen, insbesondere die Salze der Laurinsäure, Myristinsäure, Palmitinsäure, Stearinsäure, (hydrierten) Erucasäure und Behensäure sowie insbesondere aus natürlichen Fettsäuren, zum Beispiel Kokos-, Palmkern-, Olivenöl- oder Talgfettsäuren, abgeleitete Seifengemische. Naphtensäureseifen.
• - Alkylethercarboxylate gemäß der Formel (IV)
  
          RO-(CH₂CH₂O-)_nCH₂-COOM     (IV)
  
  wobei

  R

  eine lineare oder verzweigte, gesättigte oder mit einer oder mehreren Doppelbindungen ungesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffgruppe mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen ist,

  n

  eine Zahl von 1 bis 20, und

  M

  ein Gegenion ist

• - Alkenylimidobernsteinsäurecarboxylat
• - Fettsäureamide
• - Phosphorsäureester, alkoxylierte Phosphorsäureester.

Suitable anionic emulsifiers are:

• Sulfonates, especially petrol sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, as obtained for example from C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ monoolefins having terminal or internal double bond by sulfonating with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation, C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -alkanesulfonates, secondary alkanesulfonates, C ₉ -C ₁₃ -alkylbenzenesulfonates, α-naphthlylsulfonates, and the esters of [α] -sulfofatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example the [α] -sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, Palm kernel or tallow fatty acids.
• Sulfates, in particular alk (en) ylsulfates, such as the alkali metal salts and in particular the sodium salts of the sulfuric monoesters of C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols, for example from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C ₁₀ - C ₂₀ -oxo alcohols, and also alk (en) yl ether sulfates, preferably the sulfuric acid monoesters of straight-chain or branched C ₇ -C ₂₁ -alcohols ethoxylated with 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide, such as 2-methyl-branched C ₉ -C ₁₁ -alcohols.
• Carboxylates, such as fatty acid soaps, in particular the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, (hydrogenated) erucic acid and behenic acid, and in particular soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel, olive oil or tallow fatty acids. Naphtensäureseifen.
• Alkyl ether carboxylates according to the formula (IV)
  
  RO- (CH ₂ CH ₂ O-) _n CH ₂ -COOM (IV)
  
  in which

  R

  is a linear or branched, saturated or with one or more double bonds unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms,

  n

  a number from 1 to 20, and

  M

  is a counterion

• Alkenylimidosuccinic acid carboxylate
• - fatty acid amides
• - Phosphoric acid esters, alkoxylated phosphoric acid esters.

The anionic emulsifiers may be in the form of their sodium, potassium or magnesium or ammonium salts.

Anionic emulsifiers are preferably in amounts of 0 wt .-% to 50 wt .-%, preferably 0.5 wt .-% to 40 wt .-%, particularly preferably 1.0 wt .-% to 30 wt .-% based to the composition consisting of components a) to d) used.

• alkoxylierte Fettalkohole, vorteilhafterweise ethoxylierte, insbesondere primäre Alkohole mit vorzugsweise 8 bis 18 C-Atomen und durchschnittlich 1 bis 12 Mol Ethylenoxid (EO) pro Mol Alkohol, in denen der Alkoholrest linear oder bevorzugt in 2-Stellung methylverzweigt sein kann. Zu den bevorzugten ethoxylierten Alkoholen gehören beispielsweise C₁₂-C₁₄-Alkohole mit 3 EO, 4 EO oder 7 EO, C₉-C₁₁-Alkohol mit 7 EO, C₁₃-C₁₅-Alkohole mit 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO oder 8 EO, C₁₂-C₁₈-Alkohole mit 3 EO, 5 EO oder 7 EO und Mischungen aus diesen, wie Mischungen aus C₁₂-C₁₄-Alkohol mit 3 EO und C₁₂-C₁₈-Alkohol mit 7 EO, so wie sie üblicherweise in Oxoalkoholresten vorliegen.
• Methylester alkoxylierter C₈-C₂₂-Fettsäuren mit 1 bis 100 Alkoxygruppen, wobei die Alkoxygruppen aus einer oder unterschiedlichen Einheiten ausgewählt aus CH₂CH₂O, C₃H₆O und C₄H₈O bestehen können.
• Fettsäureamide gemäß der Formel (V)
  
  worin

  R

  eine Alkylgruppe mit 7 bis 21, bevorzugt 9 bis 17 Kohlenstoffatomen ist und

  jeder Rest R¹

  Wasserstoff, C₁-C₄-Alkyl, C₁-C₄-Hydroxyalkyl oder (C₂H₄O)_xH bedeutet, wobei

  x

  für 1, 2 oder 3 steht.

  Bevorzugt sind C₈-C₂₀-Amide, -monoethanolamide, -diethanolamide und -isopropanolamide.
• Alkylphenolpolyglycolether, bevorzugt die Kondensationsprodukte von Alkylphenolen mit einer C₆- bis C₂₀-Alkylgruppe, die entweder linear oder verzweigt sein kann, mit Alkylenoxiden.
• Aminoxide der Formel (VI)
  
  worin

  R

  eine Alkyl-, Hydroxyalkyl- oder Alkylphenolgruppe mit einer Kettenlänge von 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen,

  R²

  eine Alkylen- oder Hydroxyalkylengruppe mit 2 bis 3 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Mischungen hiervon,

  jeder Rest R¹

  eine Alkyl- oder Hydroxyalkylgruppe mit 1 bis 3 Kohlenstoffatomen oder eine Polyethylenoxidgruppe mit 1 bis 3 Ethylenoxideinheiten und

  x

  eine Zahl von 0 bis 10 sind.

• Alkylpolyglycoside der Formel (VII).
  
  wobei R für einen primären geradkettigen oder methylverzweigten, insbesondere in 2-Stellung methylverzweigten, aliphatischen Rest mit 8 bis 22, vorzugsweise 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen und m für 1 bis 5 steht.

Suitable nonionic emulsifiers are:

• alkoxylated fatty alcohols, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical may be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position. The preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ -alcohols with 3 EO, 4 EO or 7 EO, C ₉ -C ₁₁ -alcohol with 7 EO, C ₁₃ -C ₁₅ -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ -alcohol with 3 EO and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -alcohol with 7 EO , as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten.
• Methyl esters of alkoxylated C ₈ -C ₂₂ fatty acids having 1 to 100 alkoxy groups, wherein the alkoxy groups may consist of one or different units selected from CH ₂ CH ₂ O, C ₃ H ₆ O and C ₄ H ₈ O.
• Fatty acid amides according to the formula (V)
  
  wherein

  R

  an alkyl group having 7 to 21, preferably 9 to 17 carbon atoms and

  every residue R ¹

  Is hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₄ -alkyl, C ₁ -C ₄ -hydroxyalkyl or (C ₂ H ₄ O) _x H, where

  x

  stands for 1, 2 or 3.

  C ₈ -C ₂₀ -amides, -monoethanolamides, -diethanolamides and -isopropanolamides are preferred.
• Alkylphenolpolyglycolether, preferably the condensation products of alkylphenols having a C ₆ - to C ₂₀ alkyl group, which may be either linear or branched, with alkylene oxides.
• Amine oxides of the formula (VI)
  
  wherein

  R

  an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkylphenol group having a chain length of 8 to 22 carbon atoms,

  R ²

  an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof,

  every residue R ¹

  an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a polyethylene oxide group having 1 to 3 ethylene oxide units and

  x

  are a number from 0 to 10.

• Alkylpolyglycosides of the formula (VII).
  
  where R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, especially methyl-branched in the 2-position, aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and m is 1 to 5.

Nonionic emulsifiers are preferably used in amounts of from 0% by weight to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5% by weight to 30% by weight, particularly preferably from 1.0% by weight to 20% by weight, based on compositions consisting of components a) to d) used.

Cationic and amphoteric emulsifiers are preferably used in amounts of 0% by weight to 50% by weight, preferably 0.5% by weight to 40% by weight, particularly preferably 1.0% by weight to 35% by weight. % based on the compositions consisting of components a) to d) used.

Aqueous metalworking and metalworking fluids are an ideal microorganism habitat. In an aqueous environment is favorable Temperatures before a nutrient oversupply. Unrestrained microbial growth leads to degradation of individual components, changes the pH and thus destabilizes the emulsion. Furthermore, deposits of biomaterial can lead to a shortening of the cooling lubricant bath life. Biocides kill bacteria, yeasts and fungi.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is therefore the use of N-methyl-N-acylglucamine of the formula (I) in compositions of fatty acids or their salts, alkanolamines and at least one or more biocides.

• N-(3-Aminopropyl)-N-dodecylpropan-1,3-diamin, 1-Aza-3,7-dioxa-5-ethylbicyclo[3.3.0]-octan , 5-Ethyl-3,7-dioxa-1-azabicyclo[3.3.0]-octan 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-on (BIT) Benzylalkohol-mono(poly)hemiformal ((Benzyloxy)methanol) Biphenyl-2-ol (2-Phenylphenol) 1,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethyl-imidazolidin-2,4-dion(1,3-Dimethylol-5,5-dimethyl-hydantoin, DMDMH) Bismorpholinomethan, 4,4'-Methylen-bis-morpholin 2-Butyl-benzo[d]isothiazol-3-on (BBIT) cis-1-(3-Chlorallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantan-chlorid (cis-CTAC) p-Chlor-m-kresol (4-Chlor-3-methyl-phenol, Chlorkresol) 5-Chlor-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-isothiazol-3-on/2-Methyl-2,3-dihydro-isothiazol-3-on (3(2H)-Isothiazolon, 5-Chlor-2-methyl, Gemisch mit 2-Methyl-3(2H)-isothiazolon) (CMI/MI, CMIT/MIT) N-Cyclohexyl-hydroxydiazen-1-oxid, Kaliumsalz (N-Cyclohexyl-N-nitrosohydroxylamin, Kaliumsalz, (N-Cyclohexyl-diazenium-dioxy)-kalium, K-HDO) 2,2-Dibrom-2-cyanacetamid(2,2-Dibrom-3-nitrilo-propionamid, DBNPA) 1,6-Dihydroxy-2,5-dioxahexan((Ethylendioxy)dimethanol) 4,4'-Dimethyl-oxazolidin 1,3-Dimethytol-5,5-dimethyl-hydantoin-siehe 1,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethyl-imidazolidin-2,4-dion 5-Ethyl-3,7-dioxa-1-azabicyclo-[3.3.0]octan(7a-Ethyldihydro-1H,3H,5H-oxazolo-[3,4-c]-oxazol, 1-Aza-3,7-dioxa-5-ethyl-bicyclo[3.3.0]octan)(EDHO) (Ethylendioxy)dimethanol, 1,6-Dihydroxy-2,5-dioxahexan Glutardialdehyd (Glutaral) (2,2',2"-(Hexahydro-1,3,5-triazin-1,3,5-triyl)-triethanol)-siehe 1,3,5-Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-hexahydro- 1,3,5-triazin Hexamethylentetramin-3-chlorallyl-chlorid(Methenamin-3-chlorallyl-chlorid, (1,3,5,7-Tetraaza-1-(3-chlorprop-2-enyl)-tricyclo[3.3.1.1]<3,7>decanchlorid, CTAC 3-lod-2-propinyl-butyl-carbamat (IPBC) Methenamin-3-chlorallyl-chlorid, Hexamethylentetramin-3-chlorallyl-chlorid 2-Methyl-2,3-dihydroisothiazol-3-on (2-Methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-on, MI, MIT) 3,3'-Methylen-bis(5-methyloxazolidin) (MBO) 4,4'-Methylen-bis-morpholin (N,N'-Methylen-bis-morpholin, Methylen-bis-tetrahydro-1,4-oxazin, Bismorpholinomethan) Natrium-pyrithion, Pyridin-2-thiol-1-oxid, Natriumsalz 2-n-Octyl-2,3-dihydro-isothiazol-3-on (2-Octyl-2H-isothiazol-3-on) (OIT, "Octhilinone")
  4-(2-Nitrobutyl)morpholin
  2-Phenoxyethanol
  2-Phenylphenol, Biphenyl-2-ol Pyridin-2-thiol-1-oxid, Natriumsalz ("Natrium-pyrithion") 1,3,5,7-Tetraaza-1-(3-chlorprop-2-enyl)-tricyclo[3.3.1.1<3,7>]decanchlorid, Hexamethylentetramin-3-chlorallyl-chlorid 1,3,4,6-Tetra(hydroxymethyl)-[3aH,6aH]-1,3,4,6-tetraazabicyclo-octan-2,5-dion) (Tetrahydro-1,3,4,6-tetrakis(hydroxy-methyl)imidazo[4,5-d]imidazol-2,5,(1H,3H)-dion, TMAD) 1,3,5-Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazin (2,2',2"-(Hexahydro-1,3,5-triazin-1,3,5-triyl)-triethanol, HHT) 1,3,5-Tris-(2-hydroxypropyl)-hexa-hydro-1,3,5-triazin(a,a',a"-Trimethyl-1,3,5-triazin-1,3,5- (2H,4H,6H)-triethanol) 6-Acetoxy-2,4-dimethyl-m-dioxan-2,6-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-4-yl-acetat Alkyl(C₁₂-C₁₄)[(ethylphenyl)methyl]-dimethyl-ammoniumchlorid (stöchiometrisch) N-Alkyl(C₁₀-C₁₆)-trimethylen-diamin und Reaktionsprodukte mit Chloressigsäure 1-[2-(Allyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorphenyl)-ethyl]-1H-imidazol ("Imazalil") (+/-)1-[2-(β-Allyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorphenyl)-ethyl]-1H-imidazol ("Imazalil technisch rein")
  Aluminiumnatriumsilikat-Silberkomplex / Silber-ZeolitH
  Ameisensäure
  Bardap 26, Poly(oxy-1,2-ethandiyl)-a-[2-didecylmethyl- ammonium)ethyl]-w-hydroxypropionat
  Benzothiazol-2-thiol
  (Benzothiazol-2-ylthio)methyl-thiocyanat ("TCMTB") 3-Benzo(b)thien-2-yl-5,6-dihydro-1,4,2-oxathiazin-4-oxid ("Bethoxazin")
  Benzyl-alkyl(C₁₂-C₁₄)-dimethyl-Ammoniumchlorid
  Benzyl-alkyl(C₁₂-C₁₆)-dimethyl-ammoniumchlorid
  Benzyl-alkyl(C₁₂-C₁₈)-dimethyl-Ammoniumchlorid
  Benzyl-alkyl(C₁₂-C₁₈ gesättigt und ungesättigt, Talgalkyl, Kokosalkyl, Sojaalkyl)-dimethyl-ammoniumchloride, -bromide oder -hydroxide
  Bethoxazin, 3-Benzo(b)thien-2-yl-5,6-dihydro-1,4,2-oxathiazin-4-oxid Bis(3-aminopropyl)-octylamin
  1,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)harnstoff (1,3-Dimethylol-harnstoff)
  1,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)harnstoff, Reaktionsprodukte mit 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)-ethanol, Ethylenglykol und Formaldehyd ("Formaldehyddepot alpha")
  BKC, Benzyl-alkyldimethyl-ammonium-chloride, -bromide oder -hydroxide 2-Brom-2-(brommethyl)pentan-dinitril, 1,2-Dibrom-2,4-dicyan-butan 4-Brom-2-(4-chlorphenyl)-1-(ethoxymethyl)-5-(trifluormethyl)-1H-pyrrol 3-carbonitril ("Chlorfenapyr")
  1,3-Brom-chlor-5,5-dimethyl-imidazolidin-2,4-dion (Bromchlor-5,5-dimethylhydantoin)
  2-Brom-2-nitropropan-1,3-diol ("Bronopol")
  (2-Brom-2-nitrovinyl)benzol
  2-tert-Butylaminoethyl-methacrylat, Homopolymer
  cis-4-[3-(p-tert-Butylphenyl)-2-methyl-propyl]-2,6-dimethylmorpholin
  ("Fenpropimorph")
  Carbendazim, 2-(Methoxycarbonylamino)benzimidazol
  [2-[[2-[(2-Carboxyethyl)(2-hydroxyethyl)-amino]ethyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl]kokosalkyl-dimethyl-ammoniumhydroxide, innere Salze(quarternäre
  Ammoniumverbindungen)
  2-Chloracetamid
  3-(3-Chlor-4-methylphenyl)-1,1-dimethyl-harnstoff ("Chlortoluron")
  Chlorfenapyr, 4-Brom-2-(4-chlorphenyl)-1-(ethoxy- methyl)-5-(trifluormethyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-carbonitril
  DDAC , Dialkyl-dimethyl-ammonium-chloride, -bromide oder-methyfsulfate Dialkyl(C₈-C₁₀)-dimethyl-ammonium-chloride
  Dialkyl(C₆-C₁₈ gesättigt und ungesättigt, Talgalkyl, Kokosalkyl, Sojaalkyl)-dimethyl-ammoniumchloride, -bromide oder -methylsulfate (DDAC)
  1,2-Dibrom-2,4-dicyan-butan (2-Brom-2-(brommethyl)pentan-dinitril) 2,4-Dichlor-benzylalkohol (2,4-Dichlor-phenylmethanol)
  Dichlorophen, 2,2'-Methylen-bis(4-chlorphenol)phenol
  1-[[2-(2,4-Dichlorphenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazol ("Propiconazol")
  Didecyl-dimethyl-ammoniumchlorid
  N-Didecyl-N-dipolyethoxy-ammoniumborat/Didecylpolyoxethyl-ammoniumborat (CAS: Borsäure, Polymer mit N-Decyl-1-decanamin, Oxiran (Ethylenoxid) und 1,2-Propandiol)
  1,3-Didecyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazolium-chlorid
  p-[Di(iodmethyl)sulfonyl]toluol
  N²,N⁴-Diisopropyl-6-methyl-thio-1,3,5-triazin-2,4-diamin ("Prometryn") Dikalium-disulfit
  2,6-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-4-yl-acetat (6-Acetoxy-2,4-dimethyl-m-dioxan) 1,3-Dimethylol-harnstoff, 1,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)harnstoff
  Dinatrium-disulfit
  Dinatrium-ethylen-bis(dithiocarbamat) ("Nabam")
  Dinatrium-octaborat-tetrahydrat
  2,2'-Dithiobis-[N-methylbenzamid]
  Fenpropimorph, cis-4-[3-(p-tert-Butylphenyl)-2-methyl- propyl]-2,6-dimethylmorpholin
  Fluometuron - 1,1-Dimethyl-3-(3-trifluormethylphenyl)-harnstoff
  Borsäure,
  Formaldehyd
  Formaldehyddepot alpha, 1,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)harnstoff, Reaktionsprodukte mit 2-(2-Butoxy-ethoxy)ethanol, Ethylenglykol und Formaldehyd 5-Hydroxymethoxymethyl-1-aza-3,7-dioxa-bicyclo[3.3.0]octan (16,0 %) / 5-Hydroxymethyl-1-aza-3,7-dioxa-bicyclo-[3.3.0]octan (28,8 %) / 5-Hydroxy-poly(methylenoxy)methyl-1-aza-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octan (5,2 %) / Wasser (50 %)- Gemisch
  2-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-nitro-1,3-propandiol-(Nitromethylidin-trimethanol, "Tris Nitro") 1-Hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinon (Hydroxy-2-pyridon)
  Imizali, 1-[2-Allyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorphenyl)-ethyl]-1H-imidazol
  Imazalil techn.rein, (+/-)-1-[2-(β-Allyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorphenyl-ethyl]1H-imidazol 3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)-1,1-dimethyl-harnstoff ("Isoproturon")
  Kalium-2-biphenylat (Kalium-o-phenyl-phenolat)
  Kalium-d imethyldithiocarbamat
  Kaliumsulfit
  Lignin
  Metam-Natrium, Natrium-methyldithiocarbamat
  2-(Methoxycarbonylamino)benz-imidazol (Methyl-benzimidazol-2-yl-carbamat, "Carbendazim")
  2,2'-Methylen-bis(4-chlorphenol)-phenol ("Dichlorophen")
  Methylen-dithiocyanat
  L(+)-Milchsäure
  Naba, Dinatrium-ethylen-bis(dithiocarbamat)
  Natrium-2-biphenylat (Natrium-o-phenyl-phenolat)
  Natriumbromid
  Natrium-p-chlor-m-kresolat
  Natrium-dimethyldithiocarbamat
  Natrium-hydrogen-2,2'-methylen-bis [4-chlorphenolat]
  Natriumhydrogensulfit
  Natrium-methyldithiocarbamat ("Metam-Natrium")
  Natrium-o-phenyl-phenolat, Natrium-2-biphenylat
  Natriumsulfit
  Nitromethylidin-trimethanol, 2-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-nitro-1,3-propandiol Oligo(2-(2-ethoxy)ethoxyethyl-guanidium-chlorid)
  1-Phenoxy-2-propanol / 2-Phenoxy-propanoi-Gemisch
  Phthalaldehyd
  Poly(hexamethylendiamin-guanidinium-chlorid)
  Poly(oxy-1,2-ethandiyl)-a-[2-(didecylmethyl-ammonium)ethyl]-w-hydroxypropanoat ("Bardap 26")
  Prometryn, N²,N⁴-Diisopropyl-6-methyl-thio-1,3,5-triazin-2,4-diamin
  2-Propandiol, Polymer mit Borsäure, N-Decyl-1-decanamin und Ethylen-oxid (Oxiran) - siehe N-Didecyl-N-dipolyethoxy-ammoniumborat / Didecylpolyoxethylammoniumborat
  2-Propenal-Propan-1,2-diol-Copolymer
  Propiconazol, 1-[[2-(2,4-Dichlorphenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methyl]1H-1,2,4-triazol
  Pyridin-2-thiol-1-oxid, Zinksalz ("Zink-pyrithion", "Pyrithionzink")
  Schwefeldioxid
  Silberchlorid
  TCMTB, (Benzothiazol-2-ylthio)methyl-thiocyanat
  N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-ethylendiamin-bis (2-chlorethyl)ether-Copolymer (N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-1,2-ethandiamin, Polymer mit 1,1'-Oxybis(2-chlorethan)) 2-(Thiazol-4-yl)benzimidazol ("Thiabendazol")
  Tris Nitro, 2-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-nitro-1,3-propandiol
  Zink-pyrithion, Pyridin-2-thiol-1-oxid, Zinksalz

The biocides can be selected from:

• N- (3-aminopropyl) -N-dodecylpropane-1,3-diamine, 1-aza-3,7-dioxa-5-ethylbicyclo [3.3.0] octane, 5-ethyl-3,7-dioxa-1 -azabicyclo [3.3.0] octane 1,2-benzisothiazol-3 (2H) -one (BIT) benzyl alcohol mono (poly) hemiformal ((benzyloxy) methanol) biphenyl-2-ol (2-phenylphenol) 1,3 Bis (hydroxymethyl) -5,5-dimethyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione (1,3-dimethylol-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, DMDMH) bismorpholinomethane, 4,4'-methylenebis-morpholine 2- Butyl-benzo [d] isothiazol-3-one (BBIT) cis-1- (3-chloroallyl) -3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantane chloride (cis-CTAC) p-chloro-m-cresol ( 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, chlorocresol) 5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3-dihydroisothiazol-3-one / 2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-isothiazol-3-one (3 ( 2H) isothiazolone, 5-chloro-2-methyl, mixture with 2-methyl-3 (2H) -isothiazolone) (CMI / MI, CMIT / MIT) N-cyclohexyl-hydroxydiazene-1-oxide, potassium salt (N-cyclohexyl -N-nitrosohydroxylamine, potassium salt, (N-cyclohexyl-diazenium-dioxy) -potassium, K-HDO) 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilo-propionamide, DBNPA) 1.6 dihydroxy-2,5-dioxahexane ((Ethyl lendioxy) dimethanol) 4,4'-dimethyl-oxazolidine 1,3-dimethytol-5,5-dimethyl-hydantoin see 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) -5,5-dimethyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione 5-ethyl-3,7-dioxa-1-azabicyclo [3.3.0] octane (7a-ethyldihydro-1H, 3H, 5H-oxazolo [3,4-c] oxazole, 1-aza-3,7 -dioxa-5-ethyl-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane) (EDHO) (ethylenedioxy) dimethanol, 1,6-dihydroxy-2,5-dioxahexane glutaric dialdehyde (glutaral) (2,2 ', 2 "- (hexahydroxy) 1,3,5-triazine-1,3,5-triyl) triethanol), see 1,3,5-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) -hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine hexamethylenetetramine-3-chloroallyl chloride (Methenamine-3-chloroallyl chloride, (1,3,5,7-tetraaza-1- (3-chloroprop-2-enyl) -tricyclo [3.3.1.1] <3,7) decanyl chloride, CTAC 3-iodo 2-propynyl-butyl-carbamate (IPBC) methenamine-3-chloroallyl chloride, hexamethylenetetramine-3-chloroallyl chloride 2-methyl-2,3-dihydroisothiazol-3-one (2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one , MI, MIT) 3,3'-methylene-bis (5-methyloxazolidine) (MBO) 4,4'-methylene-bis-morpholine (N, N'-methylene-bis-morpholine, methylene-bis-tetrahydro-1 , 4-oxazine, bismorpholinomethane) sodium pyrithione, pyridine-2-thiol-1-oxide, sodium salt 2-n-octyl-2,3-dihydroisothiazol-3-one (2-octyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one on) (OIT, "Octhilinone")
  4- (2-nitrobutyl) morpholine
  2-phenoxyethanol
  2-phenylphenol, biphenyl-2-ol pyridine-2-thiol-1-oxide, sodium salt ("sodium pyrithione") 1,3,5,7-tetraaza-1- (3-chloroprop-2-enyl) tricyclo [3.3.1.1 <3,7>] decane chloride, hexamethylenetetramine-3-chloroallyl chloride 1,3,4,6-tetra (hydroxymethyl) - [3aH, 6aH] -1,3,4,6-tetraazabicyclo-octane 2,5-dione) (tetrahydro-1,3,4,6-tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) imidazo [4,5-d] imidazole-2,5, (1H, 3H) -dione, TMAD) 1,3 , 5-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (2,2 ', 2 "- (hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine-1,3,5-triyl) triethanol, HHT) 1,3,5-tris (2-hydroxypropyl) hexa-hydro-1,3,5-triazine (a, a ', a "-trimethyl-1,3,5-triazine-1,3, 5- (2H, 4H, 6H) -triethanol) 6-Acetoxy-2,4-dimethyl-m-dioxane-2,6-dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-4-yl-acetate Alkyl (C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ ) [(ethylphenyl) methyl] -dimethyl-ammonium chloride (stoichiometric) N-alkyl (C ₁₀ -C ₁₆ ) trimethylene-diamine and reaction products with chloroacetic acid 1- [2- (Allyloxy) -2- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) ethyl] -1H-imidazole ("imazalil") (+/-) 1- [2- (β-allyloxy) -2- (2 , 4-dichlorophenyl) -ethyl] -1H-imidazole ("Imazalil technically pure")
  Aluminum sodium silicate silver complex / silver zeolite H
  formic acid
  Bardap 26, poly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) -α- (2-didecylmethyl-ammonium) ethyl] -w-hydroxypropionate
  Benzothiazol-2-thiol
  (Benzothiazol-2-ylthio) methyl thiocyanate ("TCMTB") 3-Benzo (b) thien-2-yl-5,6-dihydro-1,4,2-oxathiazine-4-oxide ("Bethoxazine")
  Benzyl-alkyl (C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ ) -dimethyl-ammonium chloride
  Benzyl-alkyl (C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ ) -dimethyl-ammonium chloride
  Benzyl-alkyl (C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ ) -dimethyl-ammonium chloride
  Benzyl-alkyl (C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ saturated and unsaturated, tallow alkyl, coco alkyl, soya alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chlorides, bromides or hydroxides
  Bethoxazine, 3-Benzo (b) thien-2-yl-5,6-dihydro-1,4,2-oxathiazine 4-oxide Bis (3-aminopropyl) octylamine
  1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) urea (1,3-dimethylolurea)
  1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) urea, reaction products with 2- (2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol, ethylene glycol and formaldehyde ("formaldehyde depot alpha")
  BKC, benzyl-alkyldimethyl-ammonium chlorides, bromides or hydroxides 2-bromo-2- (bromomethyl) -pentane-dinitrile, 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyano-butane 4-bromo-2- (4- chlorophenyl) -1- (ethoxymethyl) -5- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrrole 3-carbonitrile ("chlorfenapyr")
  1,3-Bromo-chloro-5,5-dimethyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione (bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin)
  2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol ("Bronopol")
  (2-bromo-2-nitro-vinyl) benzene
  2-tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate, homopolymer
  cis-4- [3- (p-tert-butylphenyl) -2-methyl-propyl] -2,6-dimethylmorpholine
  ( "Fenpropimorph")
  Carbendazim, 2- (methoxycarbonylamino) benzimidazole
  [2 - [[2 - [(2-carboxyethyl) (2-hydroxyethyl) amino] ethyl) amino] -2-oxoethyl] cocoalkyldimethylammoniumhydroxide, internal salts (quaternary
  Ammonium compounds)
  2-chloroacetamide
  3- (3-chloro-4-methylphenyl) -1,1-dimethylurea ("chlorotoluron")
  Chlorfenapyr, 4-bromo-2- (4-chlorophenyl) -1- (ethoxymethyl) -5- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile
  DDAC, dialkyl-dimethyl-ammonium chlorides, bromides or methyl sulfates dialkyl (C ₈ -C ₁₀ ) -dimethylammonium chlorides
  Dialkyl (C ₆ -C ₁₈ saturated and unsaturated, tallow alkyl, coco alkyl, soya alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chlorides, bromides or methyl sulfates (DDAC)
  1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyano-butane (2-bromo-2- (bromomethyl) pentane-dinitrile) 2,4-dichloro-benzyl alcohol (2,4-dichloro-phenyl-methanol)
  Dichlorophene, 2,2'-methylene-bis (4-chlorophenol) phenol
  1 - [[2- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) -4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl] methyl] -1H-1,2,4-triazole ("propiconazole")
  Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
  N-didecyl-N-dipolyethoxy-ammonium borate / didecylpolyoxethyl-ammonium borate (CAS: boric acid, polymer with N-decyl-1-decanamine, oxirane (ethylene oxide) and 1,2-propanediol)
  1,3-didecyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazolium chloride
  p- [di (iodomethyl) sulfonyl] toluol
  N ² , N ⁴ -diisopropyl-6-methyl-thio-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine ("prometry") dipotassium disulfite
  2,6-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-4-yl acetate (6-acetoxy-2,4-dimethyl-m-dioxane) 1,3-dimethylolurea, 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) urea
  Disodium disulfite
  Disodium ethylene bis (dithiocarbamate) ("Nabam")
  Disodium octaborate tetrahydrate
  2,2'-dithiobis [N-methylbenzamide]
  Fenpropimorph, cis-4- [3- (p-tert-butylphenyl) -2-methyl-propyl] -2,6-dimethylmorpholine
  Fluometuronic acid - 1,1-dimethyl-3- (3-trifluoromethylphenyl) urea
  boric acid,
  formaldehyde
  Formaldehyde depot alpha, 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) urea, reaction products with 2- (2-butoxy-ethoxy) ethanol, ethylene glycol and formaldehyde 5-hydroxymethoxymethyl-1-aza-3,7-dioxa-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane (16.0%) / 5-hydroxymethyl-1-aza-3,7-dioxa-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane (28.8%) / 5-hydroxy-poly (methyleneoxy) methyl-1-aza 3,7-dioxabicyclo [3.3.0] octane (5.2%) / water (50%) - mixture
  2- (hydroxymethyl) -2-nitro-1,3-propanediol (nitromethylidine-trimethanol, "Tris nitro") 1-hydroxy-2 (1H) -pyridinone (hydroxy-2-pyridone)
  Imizali, 1- [2-allyloxy) -2- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) ethyl] -1H-imidazole
  Imazalil techn. Pure, (+/-) - 1- [2- (β-Allyloxy) -2- (2,4-dichlorophenyl-ethyl] 1H-imidazole 3- (4-isopropylphenyl) -1,1-dimethyl- urea ("isoproturon")
  Potassium 2-biphenylate (potassium o-phenyl-phenolate)
  Potassium d-imethyldithiocarbamate
  potassium
  lignin
  Metam sodium, sodium methyldithiocarbamate
  2- (methoxycarbonylamino) benzimidazole (methyl benzimidazol-2-yl carbamate, "carbendazim")
  2,2'-Methylenebis (4-chlorophenol) -phenol ("Dichlorophene")
  Methylene dithiocyanate
  L (+) - lactic acid
  Naba, disodium ethylene bis (dithiocarbamate)
  Sodium 2-biphenylate (sodium o-phenyl-phenolate)
  sodium
  Sodium p-chloro-m-cresolate
  Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
  Sodium hydrogen 2,2'-methylene bis [4-chlorophenolate]
  sodium bisulfite
  Sodium methyldithiocarbamate ("metam-sodium")
  Sodium o-phenyl phenolate, sodium 2-biphenylate
  sodium
  Nitromethylidine-trimethanol, 2- (hydroxymethyl) -2-nitro-1,3-propanediol oligo (2- (2-ethoxy) ethoxyethyl-guanidium chloride)
  1-phenoxy-2-propanol / 2-phenoxy-propanoi mixture
  phthalaldehyde
  Poly (hexamethylenediamine guanidium chloride)
  Poly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) -α- [2- (didecylmethylammonium) ethyl] -w-hydroxypropanoate ("Bardap 26")
  Prometryne, N ² , N ⁴ -diisopropyl-6-methylthio-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine
  2-propanediol, polymer with boric acid, N-decyl-1-decanamine and ethylene oxide (oxirane) - see N-didecyl-N-dipolyethoxy-ammonium borate / didecylpolyoxethylammonium borate
  2-propenal-propane-1,2-diol copolymer
  Propiconazole, 1 - [[2- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) -4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl] methyl] 1H-1,2,4-triazole
  Pyridine-2-thiol-1-oxide, zinc salt ("zinc pyrithione", "pyrithione zinc")
  sulfur dioxide
  silver chloride
  TCMTB, (benzothiazol-2-ylthio) methyl thiocyanate
  N, N, N ', N'-tetramethylethylenediamine bis (2-chloroethyl) ether copolymer (N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl-1,2-ethanediamine, polymer with 1,1'-oxybis (2-chloroethane)) 2- (Thiazol-4-yl) benzimidazole ("thiabendazole")
  Tris nitro, 2- (hydroxymethyl) -2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
  Zinc pyrithione, pyridine-2-thiol-1-oxide, zinc salt

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, use is made of one or more biocides selected from the group boric acid, 1,2-benzisorhiazole-3- (2H) -one (BIT), 3 (2H) -isothiazolone, 2-methyl, methanol , [1,2-ethanediylbis (oxy) bis (glyoxal monoethylene acetal), sodium 2-pyridinethione 1-oxide (sodium pyrithione), 1,3,5-triazine-1,3,5 (2H, 4H, 6H) -] triethanol, morpholine, 4,4'-methylenebis, 1H, 3H, 5H-oxazolo [3,4-c] oxazole, 5-ethyl-3,7-dioxa-1-azabicyclo [3.3.0] octane, 3-iodo 2-propynyl-butyl-carbamate (IPBC).

The concentration of the one or more biocides in the compositions is preferably from 0.001 to 5.0% by weight, based on the finished compositions for use, for example with respect to a metalworking fluid.

The compositions may contain, in addition to the N-methyl-N-acylglucamines according to the formula (I) used according to the invention as corrosion inhibitors, further corrosion inhibitors, for example organic acids and their salts, in particular alkali soaps, sulfonates, amines, their anhydrides and salts, benzoic acid derivatives and boron compounds.

The compositions may contain one or more additional corrosion inhibitors in amounts of from 0% to 10% by weight, based on the finished compositions for use, for example, a metalworking fluid.

Preferably, the compositions contain wear reducers, so-called AW additives, which are bound to the metal surface by adsorption and chemisorption processes and prevent metal abrasion. AW additives are zinc and phosphorus compounds, preferably zinc dithiophosphate, zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, tricresyl phosphate, chlorinated paraffins, glycerol monooleate, fatty acids and their salts, preferably stearic acid, dialkyl hydrogen phosphites, for example dilauryl hydrogen phosphites, commercially available as Duraphos® AP-230, trialkyl phosphites, for example trilauryl phosphite as Duraphos® TLP.

For high-pressure applications, AW additives are ineffective and require the use of Extreme Pressure Additives (EP additives).

As EP additives mostly sulfur and phosphorus compounds are used. No more or hardly used are the problematic chlorine-containing compounds. Sulfur-containing additives form in iron materials after prior adsorption and chemisorption on the metal surface iron sulphide layers.

Suitable are disulfides (inactive sulfur carrier - odorless), polysulfides, sulfurized olefins, sulfurized fatty acid esters and phosphoric esters, sulfonated olefins, zinc diphenylsulfide, methyltrichlorostearate, chlorinated naphthalene, fluoroalkylpolysiloxanes, neutralized or partially neutralized phosphates and dithiophosphates.

The compositions may contain one or more EP additives in amounts of 0% to 1%, preferably 0.0005% to 0.5%, more preferably 0.005% to 0 , 05 wt .-%, based on the finished for the application of compositions, for example, based on a metalworking liquid containing.

Furthermore, the compositions may contain defoamers, for example silicones, in particular dimethylsilicone polymers, and silicic acid esters and alkylmethyl acrylates.

To improve shelf life, the compositions may contain antioxidants, for example, phenol derivatives such as 4,4'-methylenebis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-bis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol ), 4,4'-bis (2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-butylidene-bis (3 Methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-isopropylidenebis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-nonylphenol), 2,2'-isobutylene-bis (4,6-di-methylphenol), 2,2'-5-methylene-bis (4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol), 2,6-di-tert-butyl 4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,4-di-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-1-di-methylamino-p-cresol, 2,6-di-tert-4- (N, N'-dimethylaminomethylphenol), 4,4'-thio-bis (2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-thio-bis (4- Methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-10-butylbenzyl) sulfides, and bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl), diphenylamine derivatives, such as alkylated diphenylamines, phenyl-α-naphthylamine and alkylated α-naph thylamine.

Also suitable are metaldithiocarbamates, in particular zinc dithiocarbamate and 15-methylene bis (di-butyldithiocarbamate.

The compositions may contain one or more antioxidants in amounts of from 0% to 1%, preferably from 0.0005% to 0.5%, more preferably from 0.005% to 0.05 Wt .-%, based on the finished for the application of compositions, for example, based on a metalworking fluid.

The compositions may contain so-called coupling agents which enhance the emulsifying action of the emulsifiers used. Preference is given to sulfonates, in particular lignosulfonate, petroleum sulfonate, dodecylbenzylsulfonate, Na salt and sulfates, for example lauryl sulfate, Na salt.

The compositions may contain one or more coupling agents in amounts of from 0% by weight to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.005% by weight to 5% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.5% by weight to 3% by weight. %, based on the finished compositions for the application, for example, based on a metalworking fluid.

The compositions may further contain alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, for example sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or calcium carbonate.

The compositions may contain one or more alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts in amounts of 0% by weight to 5% by weight, preferably 0.005% by weight to 1% by weight, particularly preferably 0.05% by weight to 0, 8 wt .-%, based on the finished compositions for the application, for example, based on a metalworking fluid.

The compositions may contain solubilizers such as, for example, alcohols, glycols, in particular butyl diglycol, propylene glycol, glycerol or sodium cumenesulfonate in amounts of from 0% by weight to 6% by weight 0.05 wt .-% to 5 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.5 wt .-% to 4 wt .-%, based on the finished for the application of compositions, for example, based on a metalworking liquid containing.

The pH of the compositions of the invention should be in the range of 7 to 12, preferably 8 to 11.

The abovementioned compositions comprising a) to d) can be presented as so-called "performance packaging".

For the production of metal treatment and metalworking fluids in one embodiment, 5 to 40 wt .-%, preferably 10 to 30 wt .-%, particularly preferably 15 to 25 wt .-% of the "performance packaging" with one or more oils in the Amounts of 60 to 95 wt .-%, preferably 70 to 90 wt .-%, particularly preferably 75 to 85 wt .-% mixed, based on the final mixture of the above composition and the one or more oils. The mixtures thus obtained are designated by the skilled person as emulsion concentrates. These emulsion concentrates are preferably diluted by the user in the volume ratio of one part of emulsion concentrate to 10 to 50 parts of water and used, for example, as a metal treatment and metalworking fluid.

Due to the self-emulsifying properties of the emulsion concentrates, the ready-to-use emulsions, for example metalworking and metalworking fluids, form spontaneously upon addition of water or after slight mechanical agitation such as stirring. This emulsion can be used, for example, as a cleaning, corrosion protection or cooling lubricant emulsion in metalworking.

Another object of the invention is therefore the use of the inventive compositions of the components a) to c) or a) to d) for the preparation of emulsion concentrates, by 5 bis 40 wt .-%, preferably 10 to 30 wt .-%, particularly preferably 15 to 25 wt .-% of the inventive composition of the components a) to c) or a) to d) with one or more oils in an amount of 60 to 95 wt .-%, preferably 70 to 90 wt .-%, particularly preferably 75 to 85 wt .-%, based on the total amount, comprising the inventive composition of components a) to c) or a) to d) and the one or more oils, mixes.

In a likewise preferred embodiment, from 40 to 70% by weight, preferably from 45 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably from 50 to 55% by weight, of the abovementioned composition according to the invention (performance packaging) comprising components a) to c) or a) to d) with one or more oils in the amounts of 30 to 60 wt .-%, preferably 40 to 55 wt .-%, particularly preferably 45 to 50 wt .-% mixed, based on the final mixture of the above composition and the one or more oils.

As the one or more oils mineral oils, in particular mineral oils having kinematic viscosities of 5 to 1000, preferably 10 to 100, most preferably 5 to 50 mm ² / s, measured at 40 ° C, paraffins, isoparaffins, cycloparaffins (naphthenes , saturated ring hydrocarbons), aromatic hydrocarbons, synthetic oils such as poly-alpha-olefins, polyalkylene glycols (PAG) and ester oils.

• Ester einwertiger Alkohole,
  beispielsweise n-Butyllaurat, n-Butylpalmitat/ -stearat, n-Butylpalmitat/ -stearat, Cetylstearyl-i-nonanoat, Decyloleat,
  2-Ethylhexylkokosfettsäureester, 2-Ethylhexyloleat, 2-Ethylhexylpalmitat/ -stearat, 2-Ethylhexyltalgfettsäureester, 2-Hexyldecylpalmitat/ -stearat, n-Hexyllaurat, i-Butyloleat, i-Butylpalmitat/-stearat, i-Butyltalgfettsäureester, i-Butyl-mischfettsäureester, i-Nonylpalmitat/-stearat, i-Propylmyristat, i-Propylpalmitat, i-Propylpalmitat/ stearat, i-Tridecylpalmitat/ -stearat, Kokosfettalkoholpalmitat/ -stearat, n-Octylcaprylat, Oleylerocat, Oleyloleat, Cetylstearylpalmitat/ -stearat, Cetylstearylbehenat,
• Glycerinester,
  beispielsweise Glycerin-di-oleat, Glycerin-di-plamitat/ -stearat, Glycerin-diester, Glcerin-mono-behenat, Glycerin-mono-myristat, Glycerin-mono-oleat, Glycerin-mono-ricinoleat, Glycerin-mono-talgfettsäureester, Glycerin-tri-fettsäureester, Glycerin-tri-hydrostearat, Glycerin-tri-oleat, Glycerin-tristearat,
• Polyolester,
  beispielsweise Pentaerythrit-tetra-caprinat/ -caprylat, Pentaerythrit-di-oleat, Pentaerythrit-tetra-oleat, Pentaerythritpalmitat/- stearat/, Polyolcaprinat/ -caprylat, Trirnethylolpropan-tri-fettsäureester,
• Glykolester,
  beispielsweise Ethylenglycol-mono-palmitat/-stearat, Ethylenglycol-dipalmitat/-stearat, Polyglycolester, Polyglycolölsäureester, Propylenglycolcaprinat/-caprylat, Propylenglycolölsäureester, Triethylenglycol-di-palmitat/ -stearat, Triethylenglycol-di-caprinat/ -caprylat,
• Dicarbonsäureester,
  beispielsweise Di-n-butyladipat, Di-n-butylsebacat, Di-n-ethylhexylsebacat, Di-octyladipat, Di-cetylstearylphthalat, Oleyl-stearylphthalat,
• Polyolpartialester,
  beispielsweise Propylenglycol-caprinat/ -caprylat, Propylenglycolölsäureester, Triethylenglycol-di-palmitat/ -stearat, Triethylenglycol-di-caprinat/ -caprylat,

Preferred ester oils are:

• Esters of monohydric alcohols,
  for example, n-butyl laurate, n-butyl palmitate / stearate, n-butyl palmitate / stearate, cetylstearyl-i-nonanoate, decyl oleate,
  2-ethylhexylcoconut fatty acid ester, 2-ethylhexyl oleate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate / stearate, 2-ethylhexyl tallow fatty acid ester, 2-hexyldecyl palmitate / stearate, n-hexyl laurate, i-butyl oleate, i-butyl palmitate / stearate, i-butyl tallow fatty acid ester, i-butyl mixed fatty acid ester , i-nonyl palmitate / stearate, i-propyl myristate, i-propyl palmitate, i-propyl palmitate / stearate, i-tridecyl palmitate / stearate, coconut fatty alcohol palmitate / stearate, n-octyl caprylate, oleyl eroate, oleyl oleate, cetyl stearyl palmitate / stearate, cetyl stearyl behenate,
• Glycerinester,
  for example, glycerol di-oleate, glycerol di-palmitate / stearate, glycerol diester, glcerin mono behenate, glycerol mono-myristate, glycerol mono-oleate, glycerol mono-ricinoleate, glycerol mono-tallow fatty acid ester, Glycerol tri-fatty acid esters, glycerol tri-hydrostearate, glycerol tri-oleate, glycerol tristearate,
• polyol esters,
  for example, pentaerythritol tetra-caprinate / caprylate, pentaerythritol di-oleate, pentaerythritol tetra-oleate, pentaerythritol palmitate / stearate /, polyol caprinate / caprylate, trimethylolpropane tri-fatty acid ester,
• Glykolester,
  for example, ethylene glycol mono-palmitate / stearate, ethylene glycol dipalmitate / stearate, polyglycol ester, polyglycol oleic acid ester, propylene glycol caprinate / caprylate, propylene glycol oil acid ester, triethylene glycol di-palmitate / stearate, triethylene glycol di-caprinate / caprylate,
• dicarboxylic acid ester,
  for example, di-n-butyl adipate, di-n-butyl sebacate, di-n-ethylhexyl sebacate, di-octyl adipate, di-cetyl stearyl phthalate, oleyl stearyl phthalate,
• polyol partial,
  for example, propylene glycol caprinate / caprylate, propylene glycol oil acid ester, triethylene glycol di-palmitate / stearate, triethylene glycol di-caprinate / caprylate,

Examples

All percentages are to be understood as weight percentages (% by weight) unless explicitly stated otherwise.

Determination of the corrosion inhibiting action of a mixture of N-methyl-NC ₁₂ -acylglucamine and N-methyl-NC ₁₄ -acylglucamine (Glu1) and a mixture of N-methyl-NC ₁₆ -acylglucamine and N-methyl-NC ₁₈ -acylglucamine ( Glu2) in comparison of demineralized water (H2O, the.) Iron.

A corrosion protection test based on DIN 51360-2 for gray cast iron chips (type GG25) is carried out on a round filter with freshly prepared differently diluted solutions of (Glu1) and (Glu2) in demineralised water. The gray castings were wetted on the filter paper with the solutions and for comparison with demineralized water for 2 hours and judged the corrosion residues formed on the filter paper.

• 0 keine Korrosion / unverändert
• 1 Spuren von Korrosion / höchstens 3 Korrosionsabzeichnungen
• 2 leichte Korrosion / nicht mehr als 1 % der Oberfläche verfärbt
• 3 mässige Korrosion / nicht mehr als 5% der Oberfläche verfärbt
• 4 starke Korrosion / über 5% der Oberfläche verfärbt

Assessment of corrosion according to DIN 51 360-2:

• 0 no corrosion / unchanged
• 1 traces of corrosion / maximum of 3 corrosion marks
• 2 slight corrosion / not more than 1% of the surface discolored
• 3 moderate corrosion / not more than 5% of the surface discolored
• 4 strong corrosion / over 5% of the surface discolored

The results are summarized in Table 1. Table 1: Corrosion of iron in the presence of N-methyl-N-acylglucamines (Glu1) and (Glu2), and for comparison corrosion of iron in demineralised water Concentration [% by weight] GLU2 GLU1 H ₂ O, the. 5 3 3 - 10 2 3 - 15 0 2 - 100 - - 4

Determination of the corrosion inhibiting action of a mixture of N-methyl-NC ₁₂ -acylglucamine and N-methyl-NC ₁₄ -acylglucamine (Glu1) and a mixture of N-methyl-NC ₁₆ -acylglucamine and N-methyl-NC ₁₈ -acylglucamine ( Glu2) in the presence of tall oil fatty acid (TOFA), coconut fatty acid (CC) and mono- or di- or triethanolamine according to DIN 51360-2. Table 2: Test formulations: Component [% by weight] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8th 9 GLU1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64 0 GLU2 100 64 0 64 0 64 0 0 0 CC 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 15 TOFA 0 15 15 15 15 15 15 0 0 Mono-ethanolamine 0 21 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 Di-ethanolamine 0 0 0 21 21 0 0 0 0 Triethanolamine 0 0 0 0 0 21 21 21 21 propylene glycol 0 0 12.8 0 12.8 0 12.8 0 0 glycerin 0 0 3.5 0 3.5 0 3.5 0 0 water 0 0 47.7 0 47.7 0 47.7 0 64

The corrosion protection test is carried out in accordance with DIN 51360-2, from test formulations 1 to 9 of Table 2 2% strength solutions each having water with 20 German degrees of hardness (20 ° dH) being prepared and using these solutions gray cast iron chips (type GG25) on a round filter each 2 hours wetted and the corrosion residues on the filter paper were assessed. The results are summarized in Table 3. Table 3: Corrosion of gray castor chips in the presence of a mixture of the N-methyl-N-acylglucamines (Glu1, Glu2), fatty acid and alkanolamines in comparison to N-methyl-N-acylglucamines (Glu2) alone (formulation 1) and in comparison to Fatty acid and alkanolamines without N-methyl-N-acylglucamine (3, 5 and 7 and 9) test formulation 1 (V) 2 3 (V) 4 5 (V) 6 7 (V) 8th 9 (V) corrosion protection 2-3 0 1-2 0 1-2 0 2 0 2

Determination of the corrosion-inhibiting effect of (Glu2) in the presence of tall oil fatty acid and mono- or di- or triethanolamine on aluminum.

A corrosion protection test is carried out according to EEH1020-AA-1049 with the aluminum alloys AlZnMgCu1.5 and AlMgSi 1. In each case 2% test formulations of Table 2 were prepared with water having 20 German degrees of hardness (20 ° dH) and the test specimens from the above Half of the mentioned alloys and the 40 ° C warm solutions immersed and left there for 24 hours. Thereafter, the test specimens are taken from the solutions, rinsed with demineralized water and then acetone and dried. Both the part immersed in the solution (solution) and the supernatant (atmosphere) of the specimens are evaluated according to the above criteria.

The results are summarized in Table 4. Table 4: Corrosion of aluminum alloys in the presence of a mixture of the N-methyl-N-acylglucamine (Glu2), fatty acid and alkanolamines (Test Formulation 2, 4 and 6) compared to fatty acid and alkanolamines without N-methyl-N-acylglucamine (Test Formulation 3, 5 and 7) corrosion protection test formulation 2 3 (V) 4 5 (V) 6 7 (V) AlZnMgCu1,5, atmosphere 1 3 0 1-2 0 1 AlZnMgCu1,5 solution 0 0 0 1 0 0 AlMgSi1 atmosphere 0-1 3 0-1 0 0-1 2 AlMgSi1 solution 0 0 0 2 0 0

Claims (15)

1. The use of one or more N-methyl-N-acylglucamines of the formula (I)

   

   in which R¹ is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group having 7 to 21 carbon atoms as corrosion inhibitor.
2. The use as claimed in claim 1, in which R¹ is an aliphatic group.
3. The use as claimed in claim 1 or 2, in which R¹ is a hydrocarbyl group having 11 to 17 carbon atoms.
4. The use as claimed in one or more of claims 1-3, in which R¹ is an alkyl or alkenyl group.
5. The use as claimed in one or more of claims 1-4, in which R¹ is a linear C₁₃- or C₁₇-alkyl group.
6. The use as claimed in one or more of claims 1-5, in which 2 to 6 different compounds of the formula (I) are employed.
7. The use as claimed in one or more of claims 1-6, in which the compound of the formula (I) contains at least 80% by weight of N-methyl-N-C₁₂-acylglucamine and N-methyl-N-C₁₄-acylglucamine.
8. The use as claimed in one or more of claims 1-6, in which the compound of the formula (I) contains at least 80% by weight of N-methyl-N-C₁₆-acylglucamine and N-methyl-N-C₁₈-acylglucamine.
9. The use as claimed in one or more of claims 1-8, in compositions at least one or more than one organic acid of the formula (II), or salts thereof,
   
           R² - COOM     (II)
   
   in which

   R² is a linear or branched alkyl group or a linear or branched, mono- or polyunsaturated alkenyl group having 5 to 29 carbon atoms, and

   M is hydrogen or one or more cations, where the cations are present in charge-balancing amounts,

   and
   c) one or more alkanolamines of the formula (III)
   
           NR¹R²R³     (III)
   
   in which
   R¹, R² and R³ are hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms, a linear or branched hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 hydroxyl groups or a hydroxy ether group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least one of the radicals is a hydroxyalkyl group or a hydroxy ether group.
10. The use as claimed in claim 9, in which R² of the formula (II) is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 9 to 21 carbon atoms.
11. The use as claimed in claim 9 or 10, wherein the composition obtained contains

    a) 1% to 50% by weight of one or more N-methyl-N-acylglucamines of the formula (I),

    b) 0.1% to 23% by weight of at least one organic acid, or salt thereof, of formula (II) and

    c) 0.05% to 42% by weight of at least one alkanolamine of formula (III) and

    d) ad 100% by weight further components.
12. The use as claimed in claim 11, in which the further components are selected from one or more emulsifiers, one or more biocides, one or more further corrosion inhibitors, one or more AW additives, one or more EP additives, one or more defoamers, one or more antioxidants, one or more coupling agents, one or more alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, one or more solubilizers, pH regulators and water.
13. The use as claimed in claim 1 to 12, wherein 5% to 40% by weight of the composition composed of components a) to c) or a) to d) is mixed with one or more oils in an amount of 60% to 95% by weight, based on the total amount comprising components a) to c) or a) to d) and the one or more oils.
14. The use as claimed in claim 13, wherein the one or more oils are selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, paraffins, isoparaffins, cycloparaffins, naphthenes, saturated cyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, synthetic oils, poly-alpha-olefins, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs) and ester oils.
15. The use as claimed in claim 14, wherein the oil is a mineral oil.