EP3110626B1 - Method for aligning relative adjustments of print heads and a printing machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for adjusting relative settings of printheads according to the features of claim 1 and to a printing machine according to the preamble of claim 9.

Various printing methods are known which can be used in printing presses. One such printing method is ink jet printing or ink jet printing. In this case, individual coating agent drops are ejected from nozzles of printheads and transferred to a substrate in such a way that a printed image results on the substrate. By individual control of a plurality of nozzles so different print images can be created. There is no fixed printing form and thus it is possible to design each individual print product individually. As a result, personalized printed products can be produced and / or small runs of printed products can be produced at low cost due to the saving of the printing forme.

An exact match of a print image on the front and back of a printed substrate printed on both sides is called register (DIN 16500-2). Multi-color printing is called the Passer (DIN 16500-2), when individual print images of different colors are combined exactly to a picture. Also in the context of inkjet printing, appropriate measures must be taken to maintain register and / or register.

If a printing unit has more than one printhead, matching printhead settings are important to ensure high-quality printing results achieve. For example, the printheads must be correctly aligned with respect to their relative position and driven at the right time. For some expensive procedures and / or devices are used.

By the EP 2 202 081 A1 , the DE 10 2011 076 899 A1 and the JP 2003-063707 A In each case, a printing press is known, wherein the printing press has a first printing unit, which has at least one ink jet print head.

By the WO 2013 / 040455A1 a positioning device is known by means of a print head in and against at least one direction is movable.

By the EP 0 938 973 A2 For example, a method is known in which inkjet printheads associated with different colors are aligned with each other in a first operation, and thereafter a printhead involved in the first process per color is used as the reference printhead to align other printheads of the respective color relative to that reference printhead.

By the EP 2 444 850 A2 For example, a method is known in which LED printheads are aligned with each other.

By the US 2012/0 038 697 A1 For example, a method is known in which print heads are aligned with each other.

By the US 2010/0 182 382 A1 For example, a movable sensor is known which serves to detect settings of different printheads relative to one another.

By the US 2011/0273502 A1 There is known a printing machine and a method in which a printed image is detected by means of a sensor which is designed as a sensor array. The sensor is either so large that it does not have to be moved to the Completely capture print image, or this one sensor is moved along the substrate.

By the US 2002/0041299 A1 For example, there is known a method and an apparatus in which an adaptation of relative positions of printheads in a longitudinal direction and then in a transverse direction takes place first. Detection occurs in turn between adjacent printheads.

By the US 2012/0033006 A1 a method and a printing machine is known in which or by means of a line sensor, a printed image is detected. It printheads of individual colors are aligned to each other and it will then made adjustments between printheads of different colors with each other. The invention has for its object to provide a method for adjusting relative settings of printheads and a printing press.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1 and the features of claim 9.

In a method for adjusting preferred relative settings of printheads of at least one and more preferably exactly one printing unit, for example a printing press, geometrical positioning and / or activation times, in particular drop ejection times of these printheads are preferably adjusted. In addition or as an alternative to the geometric positioning and / or activation times, in particular drop ejection times, the relative settings are, for example, relative settings which relate to at least one color density and / or at least one area coverage and / or at least one point size of generated pixels. Preferably, at least four such printheads are adapted to one another with respect to their relative settings. If In the foregoing, and in the following, relative preferences in the majority of the speech is meant, so in particular, such a case is meant in which only one parameter is considered relative to only two printheads. Each of the printheads has at least one corresponding setting, which is described by the expression of the relative settings of the printheads to each other.

By dividing the method at least into at least one first part detection process, at least one second part detection process and at least one total detection process results in particular a time saving for the entire process. The at least one overall detection process nevertheless ensures an optimized process result. Part acquisition processes are special acquisition processes. The at least one overall detection process is at least one special detection process.

When adjusting relative settings such as geometric positioning and / or Ansteuerzeitpunkten, in particular Drop ejection times are usually first detected in at least one detection process, the prevailing conditions, for example by data on the relative settings are detected, in particular by means of setting sensors. At least in the case of geometric positioning and / or activation times, in particular drop ejection times, this is preferably done by means of optical sensors. The setting sensors can be aligned, for example, in each case on at least one or preferably at least two print heads and / or can be aligned with a printing substrate and / or a transport path of the printing material, so that they can capture a printed image, in particular at least one test print image, that of at least two print heads was created together. Thereafter, the relative settings are preferably adjusted in at least one setting operation. In the case of geometric positioning, for example, in this adjustment operation, the relative dispositions of the print heads to each other are readjusted, in particular the relative positions of the print heads relative to each other in an axial direction or transverse direction. The axial direction or transverse direction is preferably a direction which is parallel to a rotation axis of a printing material roll and / or to a rotation axis of at least one central cylinder and / or to a rotation axis of a printing material guide element arranged in the printing unit and / or orthogonal to a transport direction provided for the printing material extends. In the case of activation times, in particular drop ejection times, the times are preferably adapted to one another at which the respective print heads eject coating agents.

The method is alternatively or additionally preferably characterized in that the data acquired in the at least one first part detection process, in particular relative relative settings of the at least two printheads of the first subset of printheads to each other and / or the data acquired in the at least one second part detection process, in particular relative Settings of the at least two non-first subset belonging printheads of the second Subset of printheads to each other and / or detected in the at least one overall detection operation data are detected in particular at least one relative adjustment of at least one first printhead of the first subset and the at least one second printhead of the second subset to each other by means of at least two at least with respect to the transverse direction movable adjustment sensors ,

The at least one detection process and the at least one adjustment process together preferably form at least one adaptation process. Preferably, the respective adjustment process is executed and terminated before the next adjustment process is started. In particular, changed relative settings then already enter as secured initial values for further acquisition processes. However, it is also possible first to perform several or all detection operations before at least one or more or all setting operations are started. In particular, in this way a rapid, at least partially simultaneous detection of several or all relative settings of the print heads can be made and from this new settings for all print heads can be derived, which can then be carried out in simultaneous setting processes. In particular, at least the at least one first part detection process and the at least one second part detection process preferably take place at least partially simultaneously.

In each acquisition process, data of at least two print heads whose relative settings are to be adapted to each other are preferably recorded. These at least two and preferably exactly two print heads then preferably form a group of print heads. For example, this data is obtained from a test print image generated by both printheads. A sensor then preferably receives at least one such portion of this test print image that contains both components derived from at least one of the at least two printheads and also Ingredients derived from at least one other of the at least two printheads. From this test print image, necessary changes in the relative settings can then be derived, for example a change in the relative discharge times and / or a change in the relative geometric position, in particular with respect to the axial direction or transverse direction.

In particular, new settings are calculated, for example, from the data obtained by the acquisition processes and subsequently set in a single process. Alternatively, at least one acquisition is made iteratively, and then a relative adjustment is changed, and in relative detection and adjustment operations, a relative adjustment is found that satisfies corresponding requirements, for example, requirements for a maximum deviation from relative positions of printheads.

In at least one first part detection process, data relative to the relative settings of at least two print heads of a first subset of print heads relative to one another is preferably detected. In at least one second partial acquisition process, data relating to relative settings of at least two print heads of a second subset of print heads not belonging to the first subset are preferably acquired relative to one another. The at least one first partial detection operation and the at least one second partial detection operation preferably take place at least partially simultaneously. As a result, time can be saved because the relative settings of the at least one subset of printheads can be detected and preferably adjusted, while at the same time and in particular not subsequently the relative settings of the at least one subset of printheads are detected and preferred can also be adjusted.

In at least one overall detection operation, data for at least one relative adjustment of at least one first printhead of the at least one first printhead is preferred Subset and at least a second printhead of at least a second subset detected each other. As a result, an adjustment of the relative settings of the printheads of the at least one first subset and of the printheads of the at least one second subset is made possible. Different variants of sequences are possible. In a first variant, the relative settings of the printheads within the subsets are first detected and possibly readjusted, and their relative settings are checked following at least one pair of printheads of different subsets, and with new data derived therefrom new settings for all printheads of at least one of the two subsets derived. For example, the printheads of a first subset are first matched with respect to their axial positions and at the same time the printheads of a second subset with respect to their axial positions with each other and then derived from the data of the total capture new settings for all printheads of the first subset, which then together be moved the same way in the axial direction. In a second variant, first of all relative settings of two print heads of different subsets with respect to one another are detected, and then all print heads of the subsets containing them are adjusted with respect to their settings to the respective one of these two print heads. In this way, a simultaneous adjustment process takes place in the two subsets, which leads from the outset to a total desired adjustment of a total amount of printheads containing the subsets.

Preferably, the first subset comprises at least two, more preferably at least three, even more preferably at least four and even more preferably at least six printheads. The second subset preferably has at least two, more preferably at least three, even more preferably at least four and even more preferably at least six printheads.

Regardless of what happens first, preferably the at least one runs Entire capture process neither with the at least one first part detection process, nor with the at least one second part detection process simultaneously. In particular, at least one of the at least one overall detection operation on the one hand, or the at least one first partial detection operation and / or the at least one second partial detection operation, on the other hand, expires at any point in time during the course of the process. Preferably, the at least one overall detection operation proceeds at least partially and preferably completely before the at least one first partial detection operation and before the at least one second partial detection operation. More preferably, the at least one overall detection operation proceeds at least partially and preferably completely after the at least one first partial detection operation and after the at least one second partial detection operation.

Preferably, in at least one setting operation, the relative settings of at least two of the preferably at least four print heads are changed relative to one another. For example, a sub-setting process is a process by which relative settings of printheads of a subset are matched. Preferably there is at least a first Teileinstellvorgang for the at least one first subset and there is at least a second Teileinstellvorgang for the at least one second subset. There is preferably at least one overall adjustment process for the relative adjustment of at least one print head of the at least one first subset and the at least one second subset to one another. The method is thus preferably characterized in that in the at least one first Teileinstellvorgang the relative settings of the at least two printheads of at least a first subset to each other are changed and / or that in the at least one second Teileinstellvorgang the relative settings of the at least two printheads of at least a second subset to each other and / or that in the at least one Gesamtseinstellvorgang the relative adjustment of the at least one first printhead of the first subset and the at least one second printhead of second subset to each other to be changed. Further preferably, in the overall adjustment process, the relative settings of the at least one first printhead of the first subset are changed to all the printheads of the second subset. Partial adjustments are special adjustment procedures. The at least one overall adjustment process is at least one special adjustment process.

As described, the relative settings of the at least two print heads to one another are changed as a function of at least the data acquired in the at least one first part detection process and / or the data acquired in the at least one second part detection process and / or the data acquired in the overall detection process.

Preferably, the at least one first part detection operation and the at least one first Teileinstellvorgang together form at least a first Teilanpassungsvorgang and / or form at least a second Teilerpassvorgang and at least a second Teileinstellvorgang together at least a second Teilanpassungsvorgang and / or form the at least one total detection process and the at least one Total adjustment together at least one Gesamtadpassungsvorgang. Partial fitting operations are special fitting operations. The at least one overall adaptation process is at least one special adaptation process.

The at least one first partial adaptation process and the at least one second partial adaptation process preferably take place at least partially and more preferably completely simultaneously. This is the case in particular if the at least one first partial detection process and the at least one second partial detection process occur simultaneously. In addition, however, preferably also Teileinstellvorgänge run simultaneously. Preferably, the at least one overall adaptation process runs at least partially and preferably completely after the at least one first partial adaptation process and after the at least one second partial adjustment process. However, it is also possible for the at least one overall adaptation process to take place at least partially and preferably completely before the at least one first partial adaptation process and before the at least one second partial adaptation process.

Preferably, the method is alternatively or additionally characterized in that at least the at least one first partial adaptation process and the at least one second partial adaptation process occur at least partially simultaneously and / or that the at least one overall adaptation process neither with the at least one first partial adjustment process, nor with the at least one second Partial adjustment process simultaneously with expires and / or that at any point in the process, at least either the at least one Gesamtadpassungsvorgang one hand, or at least a first Teilanpassungsvorgang and / or at least a second Teilanpassungsvorgang on the other hand runs.

Preferably, the first subset and the second subset have no intersection. Thus, each printhead preferably belongs at most to the at least first subset or the at least one second subset. Otherwise, simultaneous acquisition and / or adjustment would be more difficult.

In particular, relative positions of at least two printheads of the first subset of printheads are first matched to each other in a first subadjustment procedure, and relative positions of at least two other printheads of the second subset of printheads are adjusted to each other in a second subadjustment procedure and is preferably before or further preferably thereafter in the at least one Total adjustment process, a relative position of at least one printhead of the first subset and at least one printhead of the second subset adapted to each other.

Preferably, at least one relative setting of at least two and more preferably in each case exactly two printheads is detected by means of a respective adjustment sensor. For this purpose, at least one, in particular exactly one of the at least two print heads, for example the first subset, is preferably defined as the primary print head, for example the first subset. Then, data relating to relative settings of at least one of the at least two print heads, for example the first subset, of this primary master print head are preferably acquired in the part acquisition process. This at least one further print head is a follower print head, in particular primary follower print head whose settings are to be adapted to those of the Leitdruckkopfes. Preferably but not necessarily then the adjustment of the settings of these at least two printheads, for example by adjusting the settings of the at least one subsequent printhead. Preferably, leader printheads and follower printheads are arranged to each other such that their work areas are adjacent or overlapping each other in the axial direction. Optionally, further follower printheads are adapted to the particular primary leader printhead in the same manner, more preferably all printheads whose workspaces are adjacent to those of the particular primary leader printhead in the axial or transverse direction and which have not yet been reset in the process and are preferred their working areas in the axial direction or transverse direction related to less than 50% match the working range of Leitdruckkopfs.

Thereafter, in particular subsequently, the at least one further of the at least two print heads, in particular a previous primary follower print head, is defined as a secondary lead print head, for example of the first subset. Now further printheads, for example those of the first subset, are defined as especially secondary follow-on printheads, in particular those whose working areas adjoin and / or overlap those of the particular secondary leadframe and which have not yet been readjusted in the method. Then in the Part Detection Operation Collects data on relative settings of at least one such secondary secondary printhead of the at least two printheads of the first subset to that secondary leader printhead. This in turn derives new relative settings according to which the relative settings of the at least one secondary secondary print head are adjusted to the secondary lead print head. Thus, all primary follower printheads and all secondary follower printheads are already matched to the primary leader printhead. The process is repeated analogously until the entire first subset has correspondingly adjusted relative settings to the primary lead print head.

Analogously, in the at least one second detection process and / or adaptation process, the at least one second subset of printheads is moved, preferably simultaneously with the at least one first detection process and / or adaptation process.

Preferably, thereafter, the overall capturing operation is analogous in that a printhead of the first subset is designated as the total leader printhead and a printhead of the second subset is designated as the overall leader printhead. New relative settings are set between the overall leader and the overall leader, and in the overall fitting process, the entire second subset is similarly readjusted according to these new relative settings, for example, in the axial or transverse directions. In particular, in the at least one overall capturing operation, the at least one first printhead of the first subset is defined as the overall master printhead, and in the overall capturing process, data relating to relative settings of the at least one second printhead of the second subset, preferably defined as the overall master printhead, relative to this master scan printhead are detected relative to each other. The working area of the overall leader and the work area of the overall follower preferably adjoin or overlap in the axial direction or transverse direction preferably in the axial direction or transverse direction. In this way, there is a saving of time through the concurrent operations within the subsets of printheads. Following this, at least a little more complex and based on the same principle compensation of subsets to each other must be done.

When the overall detection operation is performed before the part detection operations, it is preferable that the two printheads of the respective subsets involved in the overall detection process are used as the lead print heads in the first step of the subsequent part detection operations. The partial detection operations then preferably proceed exactly as described above.

In corresponding embodiments, at least a third or further subsets of the total quantity of printheads may also be defined so that three or more sub-acquisition operations and / or three or more sub-adjustments and / or three or more partial adjustment operations may be performed simultaneously and, accordingly, two or more thereafter Overall adjustment operations are performed. A further gradation by further subdivision of subsets into even smaller subsets is possible accordingly.

The method is alternatively or additionally preferably characterized in that at least one adjustment sensor and more preferably at least one of the at least two movable adjustment sensors is moved at least temporarily, at least in the transverse direction, during the at least one first part detection operation.

The method is alternatively or additionally preferably characterized in that at least one adjustment sensor and more preferably at least one of the at least two movable adjustment sensors is moved at least temporarily, at least in the transverse direction, during the at least one second part detection operation.

The method is alternatively or additionally preferably characterized in that at least one adjustment sensor and more preferably at least one of the at least two movable adjustment sensors between the at least one first and / or the at least one second part detection operation on the one hand and the at least one total detection operation on the other hand, at least temporarily at least in the Transverse direction is moved. It does not matter whether the at least one total detection operation takes place before or after the at least one first or the at least one second part detection process.

The method is alternatively or additionally preferably characterized in that at least one adjustment sensor and more preferably at least one of the at least two movable adjustment sensors is moved at least temporarily, at least in the transverse direction, independently of any movements of the print heads.

The method is alternatively or additionally preferably characterized in that the at least two adjustment sensors are moved at least temporarily independently of one another, at least in the transverse direction.

The method is alternatively or additionally preferably characterized in that by means of each of the at least two setting sensors, at least one printed image arranged on at least one printing substrate and / or on at least one transfer body and / or at least two, in particular adjacent, printing heads are detected.

The method and / or the printing press is alternatively or additionally preferably characterized in that the at least one first subset and the at least one second subset and more preferably also the at least one total amount each have at least one print head by means of which a common coating agent can be applied and / or applying the common coating agent can be influenced. The method and / or the printing press is alternatively or additionally preferably characterized in that all the printheads of the at least one first subset and the at least one second subset and more preferably of the at least one total amount are characterized in that a common coating agent can be applied with them is and / or application of the common coating agent can be influenced.

The term of a pressurized fluid in the foregoing and hereinafter ink and printing inks, but also paints and pasty materials are summarized. Preference is given to printing fluids which are transferred to a printing material by a printing machine or at least one printing unit of the printing press and preferably in a finely structured form and / or not only over a large area a preferably visible and / or perceptible by sensory impressions and / or establish machine-detectable texture on the substrate. Inks and printing inks are preferably solutions or dispersions of at least one colorant in at least one solvent. Suitable solvents include, for example, water and / or organic solvents. Alternatively or additionally, the pressure fluid may be formed as under UV light crosslinking pressure fluid. Inks are relatively low viscosity printing fluids and inks are relatively high viscosity printing fluids. Inks preferably have no binder or relatively little binder, while printing inks preferably contain a relatively large amount of binder and more preferably further auxiliaries. Colorants may be pigments and / or dyes, pigments being insoluble in the application medium, while dyes are soluble in the application medium.

For the sake of simplicity, the term "printing ink" in the sense of a liquid or at least free-flowing dyeing fluid to be printed in the printing press should be understood in the preceding and following - which does not only refer to the colloquial rather with the expression "Ink" brought in conjunction higher-viscosity dyeing fluid for use in rotary printing machines, but in addition to these higher viscosity dyeing fluids in particular also low-viscosity dyeing fluids such as "inks", especially inkjet inks, but also powdered dyeing fluids such. As toner includes. Thus, in the foregoing and hereinafter especially colorless paints are meant when talking of printing fluids and / or inks and / or printing inks. In the foregoing and in the following, in particular, means for a pretreatment (so-called precoating) of the printing substrate are preferably meant, if mention is made of printing fluids and / or inks and / or printing inks. As an alternative to the term pressurized fluid, the term coating agent is to be understood as synonymous.

Preferably, the method and / or the printing press is characterized alternatively or additionally by printheads of the at least one second subset of each printhead of the at least one first subset based on the transverse direction being arranged in one direction only and / or of each printhead At least a second subset based on the transverse direction relative to one another, printheads of the at least one first subset are arranged.

The printing unit is, for example, a printing unit of a printing press which has, for example, a plurality of, in particular two printing units. The printing press and in particular the printing unit preferably has at least four print heads, of which at least three are preferably arranged independently of one another relative to one another, at least in the axial direction or transverse direction, oriented preferably orthogonal to the transport direction provided by the printing unit for transporting the printing material. The printing machine and more preferably the printing unit preferably has at least two, in particular, movable setting sensors. By means of the at least two adjustment sensors, data relating to relative settings of these print heads of the respective group relative to one another can preferably be detected in relation to at least three groups of print heads. The at least three groups preferably contain in each case at least two of the at least four print heads. Preferably, the at least three groups each contain exactly two printheads. Preferably, at least one and more preferably each group is formed by those particular two printheads whose relative settings are currently detected. At least one and preferably each such group preferably comprises a leader print head and at least one, more preferably exactly one sequential print head. Preferably, at least one relative setting of all the print heads of the respective group can be detected at the same time by means of a detection sensor, for example by detecting a test print image created jointly by the print heads of the group. As described above, follow-on print heads are partially defined in subsequent operations as master print heads. In particular, this means that the at least three groups preferably have intersections. At least one printhead is thus assigned in succession at least two groups.

Preferably, the at least two adjustment sensors are each arranged at least partially movable with at least one component in the axial direction or transverse direction. As a result, the at least two adjustment sensors can be moved, in particular, to a plurality of positions and can acquire data on relative settings of the print heads of a plurality of groups in succession. For example, at least one adjustment sensor is moved to a different position between every two part detection processes and / or between a part detection process and a total detection process, in particular at least one component in the axial direction or transverse direction. Each print head movable in the axial direction or transverse direction preferably has its own drive, in particular at least for movements in the axial direction or transverse direction. Each adjustment sensor movable in the axial direction or transverse direction preferably has its own sensor drive, in particular at least for movements in the axial direction or transverse direction. As described, the relative settings are, for example, relative geometric positioning and / or activation times, in particular drop ejection times the printheads. More preferably, the printing unit is characterized in that the printing unit has at least four arranged on the axial direction or transverse direction different axial positions or transverse positions printheads and / or that the printing unit at least two on the provided for the transport of printing material transport direction relative to different longitudinal positions having arranged printheads. Preferably, the at least two adjustment sensors can be aligned with the printing material and / or aligned and / or aligned with the transport path provided for the transport of printing material.

Alternatively or additionally, the printing press is preferably characterized in that at least two and more preferably all of the at least two adjustment sensors are arranged independently of one another and / or independently of the print heads, at least partially movable with at least one component in the transverse direction.

Alternatively or additionally, the printing press is preferably characterized in that at least one of the at least two setting sensors has its own sensor drive, which is different from a sensor drive of another of the at least two setting sensor and / or that each movable setting sensor has its own sensor drive.

Alternatively or additionally, the printing machine is preferably characterized in that the printing unit comprises at least four, more preferably at least six, and even more preferably at least twelve print heads which are assigned to the same coating agent supply and which are arranged at least partially staggered with respect to the transverse direction in pairs ,

Alternatively or additionally, the printing press is preferably characterized in that the printing unit has at least one double row, more preferably at least two, even more preferably at least four, and even more preferably at least eight double rows of printheads, in particular two each with respect to the transverse direction staggered rows of printheads, in particular at least two, more preferably in each case at least three, more preferably at least four and even more preferably each have at least six printheads.

Alternatively or additionally, the printing press is preferably characterized in that each of the at least two setting sensors is aligned and / or alignable on a printing substrate and / or on at least one transfer body and / or on at least two, in particular, adjacent print heads.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Fig. 1a

eine schematische Darstellung einer Rollen-Druckmaschine;

Fig. 1b

eine schematische Darstellung einer Rollen-Druckmaschine mit alternativer Bahnführung;

Fig. 2a

eine schematische Darstellung eines Teils einer Druckeinheit mit einer Doppelreihe von Druckköpfen;

Fig. 2b

eine schematische Darstellung zumindest eines Düsenbalkens mit mehreren Doppelreihen von für Druckköpfe vorgesehenen Positionen;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung eines Bedruckstoffs, einer Gesamtmenge von Druckköpfen und diverser Einstellungssensoren;

Fig. 4a

eine schematische einer ungeteilten Gesamtenge von Druckköpfen während eines Erfassungsvorgangs;

Fig. 4b

eine schematische einer ungeteilten Gesamtenge von Druckköpfen während eines Erfassungsvorgangs;

Fig. 4c

eine schematische einer ungeteilten Gesamtenge von Druckköpfen während eines Erfassungsvorgangs;

Fig. 4d

eine schematische einer ungeteilten Gesamtenge von Druckköpfen während eines Erfassungsvorgangs;

Fig. 4e

eine schematische einer ungeteilten Gesamtenge von Druckköpfen während eines Erfassungsvorgangs;

Fig. 5a

eine schematische einer in Teilmengen untergeteilten Gesamtenge von Druckköpfen während eines Erfassungsvorgangs;

Fig. 5b

eine schematische einer in Teilmengen untergeteilten Gesamtenge von Druckköpfen während eines Erfassungsvorgangs;

Fig. 5c

eine schematische einer in Teilmengen untergeteilten Gesamtenge von Druckköpfen während eines Erfassungsvorgangs;

Fig. 5d

eine schematische einer in Teilmengen untergeteilten Gesamtenge von Druckköpfen während eines Erfassungsvorgangs;

Fig. 6

eine schematische Darstellung eines Testdruckbilds;

Fig. 7

eine schematische Darstellung einer Positioniervorrichtung eines Druckkopfs.

Show it:

Fig. 1a

a schematic representation of a roll printing machine;

Fig. 1b

a schematic representation of a roll printing machine with alternative web guide;

Fig. 2a

a schematic representation of a portion of a printing unit with a double row of printheads;

Fig. 2b

a schematic representation of at least one nozzle bar having a plurality of double rows of positions provided for printing heads;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of a printing material, a total amount of Printheads and various adjustment sensors;

Fig. 4a

a schematic of an undivided total amount of printheads during a detection process;

Fig. 4b

a schematic of an undivided total amount of printheads during a detection process;

Fig. 4c

a schematic of an undivided total amount of printheads during a detection process;

Fig. 4d

a schematic of an undivided total amount of printheads during a detection process;

Fig. 4e

a schematic of an undivided total amount of printheads during a detection process;

Fig. 5a

a schematic of a subset divided total amount of printheads during a detection process;

Fig. 5b

a schematic of a subset divided total amount of printheads during a detection process;

Fig. 5c

a schematic of a subset divided total amount of printheads during a detection process;

Fig. 5d

a schematic of a subset divided total amount of printheads during a detection process;

Fig. 6

a schematic representation of a test printed image;

Fig. 7

a schematic representation of a positioning device of a print head.

A printing press 01 has, for example, at least one printing material source 100, at least one first printing unit 200, preferably at least one first dryer 301, preferably at least one second printing unit 400 and preferably at least one second dryer 331 and preferably at least one post-processing device 500. The printing machine 01 is also preferably designed as an inkjet printing machine 01. The printing machine 01 is preferably in the form of a roller printing machine 01, more preferably as a roller inkjet printing machine 01. The printing machine 01 is designed, for example, as a rotary printing press 01, for example as a rotary rotary printing press 01, in particular a rotary rotary inkjet printing press 01. Printing machine 01, the printing material source 100 is formed, for example, as Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100. In the case of a sheet-fed press or sheet-fed rotary printing press, the printing material source 100 is designed, for example, as a sheet feeder. At least one printing substrate 02 is preferably aligned in the printing material source 100, preferably with respect to at least one edge of this printing substrate 02. The printing substrate 02 is, for example, at least one web-shaped printing substrate 02, that is to say a printing material web 02, for example a paper web 02 or a textile web 02 or a film 02, For example, a plastic film 02 or a metal foil 02. An axial direction A is preferably a direction A, which is parallel to a rotation axis 111 of a Bedruckstoffrolle 101 and / or to a rotation axis 207; 407 at least one central cylinder 201; 401 and / or extends to a rotational axis of a arranged in the first printing unit 200 Bedruckstoffleitelements. A transport path of the at least one printing substrate 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 preferably follows the at least one printing material source 100 by the at least one first printing unit 200, where the printing substrate 02 and in particular the Printing substrate 02 preferably by means of at least one coating agent, in particular at least one ink at least on one side and preferably in combination with the at least one second printing unit 400 is preferably provided on both sides with at least one printed image.

After passing through the at least one first printing unit 200, the transport path of the printing substrate 02 and in particular of the printing material web 02, for example, passes through the at least one first dryer 301 in order to dry the applied printing ink. Printing ink is to be understood in the preceding text and generally below as meaning a coating composition, in particular also a lacquer. The at least one first dryer 301 is preferably part of a dryer unit 300. The at least one post-processing device 500 is designed, for example, as at least one folding device 500 and / or as a take-up device 500 and / or as at least one planned delivery 500. In the at least one folding device 500, the printing material 02, which is preferably printed on two sides, is preferably further processed into individual printed products.

Hereinafter, a roll printing machine 01 will be described in more detail. Corresponding details can, however, also be transferred to other printing machines 01, for example sheet-fed printing machines, provided that they do not contradict this. Bedruckstoffrollen 101, which are preferably used in the Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 used, preferably each have a sleeve on which the web-shaped substrate 02 is wound for use in the roll printing machine 01. The printing material web 02 preferably has a width of 700 mm to 2000 mm, but may also have an arbitrarily smaller or preferably larger width.

A working width of the printing machine 01 is a dimension which preferably extends orthogonally to the intended transport path of the printing substrate 02 through the at least one first printing unit 200, more preferably in the axial direction A. The working width of the printing machine 01 preferably corresponds to a maximum width, which may have a substrate 02, in order to be processed with the printing press 01, so a maximum processable with the printing press 01 substrate width.

The first printing unit 200 is preferably downstream of the Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 with respect to the transport path of the printing substrate 02. The first printing unit 200 has, for example, at least one first central pressure cylinder 201 or, shortly, central cylinder 201. If in the following a central cylinder 201 is mentioned, then a pressure central cylinder 201 is always meant. The printing material web 02 preferably at least partially wraps around the first central cylinder 201 in a printing operation. In this case, a wrap angle is preferably at least 180 ° and more preferably at least 270 °. The wrap angle is the angle measured in the circumferential direction of a cylinder jacket surface of the first central cylinder 201, along which the printing substrate 02 and in particular the printing substrate 02 is in contact with the first central cylinder 201. The printing material web 02, for example, wraps around a part of a first deflecting roller 203 and is deflected by the latter in such a way that the transport path of the printing material web 02 in a first intermediate space 204 is both tangential to the first deflecting roller 203 and tangential to the first central cylinder 201.

Preferably, at least one first cylinder 206 designed as the first impression roller 206 is arranged in the first pressure unit 200. In a state applied to the first central cylinder 201, the first impression roller 206 preferably forms a first impression gap 209 together with the first central cylinder 201. The printing material web 02 is preferably flat over the first deflection roller 203 and / or preferably by the first impression roller 206 clear and known position applied to the first central cylinder 201.

The first central cylinder 201 preferably has its own, the first central cylinder 201 is associated with the first drive motor 208, which is preferably designed as an electric motor 208 and which is further preferably designed as a direct drive 208 and / or individual drive 208 of the first central cylinder 201. A direct drive 208 is to be understood as meaning a drive motor 208 which is in torque transmitting and / or transferable connection without the interposition of further rotational bodies in contact with the printing material 02 with the at least one first central cylinder 201. A single drive 208 is to be understood as a drive motor 208, which is designed as the drive motor 208 exclusively of the at least one first central cylinder 201.

On the first drive motor 208 of the first central cylinder 201 and / or on the first central cylinder 201 itself, a first rotation angle sensor is preferably arranged which measures a rotational angle position of the first drive motor 208 and / or the first central cylinder 201 itself measuring and / or measurable and to a higher-level machine control is designed to send and / or send. The first rotation angle sensor is designed, for example, as a rotary encoder or absolute value encoder. With such a rotation angle sensor, a rotational position of the first drive motor 208 and / or preferably a rotational position of the first central cylinder 201 is preferably determined absolutely by means of the higher-level machine control.

Additionally or alternatively, the first drive motor 208 of the first central cylinder 201 is connected in such a circuit with the machine control that the machine control at any time on the basis of given by the machine control to the first drive motor 208 of the first central cylinder 201 target data to a rotational position of the first drive motor 208 via the Rotary position of the first drive motor 208 and thus at the same time the rotational position of the first central cylinder 201 is informed. In particular, a region of the machine control system which predefines the rotational angle position or rotational position of the first central cylinder 201 and / or of the first drive motor 201 is preferably connected directly to an at least one print head 212; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 of the first printing unit 200 controlling area of the machine control connected.

Within the first printing unit 200, at least a first printing unit 211 is arranged. The at least one first printing unit 211 is preferably arranged in the direction of rotation of the first central cylinder 201 and thus along the transport path of the printing material web 02 after the first impression roller 206 preferably acting on the at least one first central cylinder 201 and / or operative and / or aligned and / or alignable. The at least one first printing unit 211 is preferably formed as a first inkjet printing unit 211 and is also called first inkjet printing unit 211. The at least one first printing unit 211 preferably has at least one nozzle bar 213 and more preferably a plurality of nozzle bars 213. The at least one first printing unit 211 and thus the at least one first printing unit 200 preferably has the at least one first printing head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, preferably as an ink jet print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 is formed. Preferably, the at least one nozzle bar 213 each has at least one print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 and preferably each have a plurality of print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 on. Each printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 preferably has a plurality of nozzles from which coating agent drops, in particular ink droplets, are ejected and / or ejected. In this case, a nozzle bar 213 is a component which preferably extends over at least 80% and more preferably at least 100% of the working width of the printing press 01 and which supports the at least one print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 serves. Preferably, an axial length of the bale of the at least one first central cylinder 201 is at least as large as the working width of the printing press 01. In this case, a single or a plurality of nozzle bars 213 per printing unit 211 are arranged. Each nozzle is preferably one unique Specified target area on the direction A of the width of the printing substrate 02 and preferably with respect to the direction A in particular the axis of rotation 207 of the at least one first central cylinder 201 associated. Preferably, each target area of a nozzle, in particular with respect to the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201, is clearly defined at least in the printing operation. In particular, a target area of a nozzle is that, in particular, substantially rectilinear space area which extends in a direction of ejection of this nozzle from this nozzle.

The at least one first nozzle bar 213 preferably extends orthogonally to the intended transport path of the printing substrate 02 over the working width of the printing press 01. The at least one nozzle bar 213 preferably has at least one row of nozzles. The at least one row of nozzles, as seen in the axial direction A, preferably has nozzle openings at intervals, for example, over the entire working width of the printing machine 01 and / or width of the bale of the at least one first central cylinder 201. Preferably, in the axial direction A side by side a plurality of print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 arranged on the at least one nozzle bar 213. Since usually such individual printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 are not provided with nozzles up to an edge of their housing, are preferably at least two and more preferably exactly two rows of print heads 212 extending in the axial direction A; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 offset in the circumferential direction of the first central cylinder 201 to each other, preferably so that in the axial direction A successive printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 alternately prefers one of the at least two rows of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, preferably always alternately a first and a second of two rows of print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733. Two such series of Printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 form a double row of print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733. Each double row of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; For example, 733 has between five and twenty-five print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, and more preferably seven or fourteen printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 on. The at least one row of nozzles is preferably not formed as a single linear juxtaposition of nozzles, but results as the sum of a plurality of individual, more preferably two, circumferentially offset from each other arranged juxtaposition of nozzles.

Has a print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 multiple nozzles, so all target areas of the nozzles of this printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 together form a working area of this print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733. Work areas of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 a nozzle bar 213 and in particular a double row of print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 abut one another in the axial direction A and / or overlap in the axial direction A seen. In this way, even when not axially in the axial direction A printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 ensures that, viewed in the axial direction A, target areas of nozzles of the at least one nozzle bar 213 and / or in particular of each double row of print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 lie. In any case, an entire working area of the at least one nozzle bar 213 preferably extends over at least 90% and more preferably 100% of the working width of the printing machine 01 and / or the entire width of the bale of the at least one first central cylinder 201 in the axial direction A. or both sides with respect to the axial direction A, a narrow area of the printing material web 02 and / or the bale of the first central cylinder 201 may be present, which does not belong to the working area of the nozzle bars 213. An entire working area of the at least one nozzle bar 213 is preferably from all working areas of print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 this at least one nozzle bar 213 composed and is preferably from all target areas of nozzles of these print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 this at least one nozzle bar 213 composed. Preferably, an entire work area corresponds to a double row of print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 seen in the axial direction A the working area of the at least one nozzle bar 213rd

The at least one nozzle bar 213 preferably has a plurality of rows of nozzles in the circumferential direction with respect to the at least one first central cylinder 201. Preferably, each printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 a plurality of nozzles, which are further preferably arranged in a matrix of a plurality of rows in the axial direction A and / or a plurality of columns, preferably in the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201. Such columns are further preferably arranged running obliquely to the circumferential direction, for example, to increase a resolution of a printed image. Thus, in each case one row of nozzles and one column of nozzles preferably enclose an angle other than 90 °. Preferably, in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction A, in particular in the transport direction B along the intended transport path of the printing substrate 02 and / or in the circumferential direction relative to the at least one central cylinder 201 a plurality of rows of print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, more preferably four double rows, and more preferably eight double rows of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 arranged one after the other. More preferably, at least in the printing operation in the circumferential direction with respect to the at least one first central cylinder 201, a plurality of rows of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, more preferably four double rows, and more preferably eight double rows of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 arranged successively aligned on the at least one first central cylinder 201.

In this case, the print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, at least in the printing mode, preferably oriented such that the nozzles of each printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 have substantially in the radial direction of the cylinder surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201. Deviations from radial directions within a tolerance range of preferably not more than 10 ° and more preferably not more than 5 ° are to be considered essentially radial directions. This means that the at least one aligned on the lateral surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 is aligned with respect to the axis of rotation 207 of the at least one first central cylinder 201 in a radial direction on the lateral surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201. In this case, this radial direction is a radial direction relative to the axis of rotation 207 of the at least one first central cylinder 201. Each double row of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, an ink of a specific color is preferably assigned and / or assignable, for example one of the colors black, cyan, yellow and magenta or a lacquer, for example a clear lacquer. The corresponding inkjet printing unit 211 is preferably designed as a multi-color printing unit 211, in particular four-color printing unit 211, and allows a one-sided multicolored, in particular four-color printing of the printing substrate 02. It is also possible to print fewer or more different colors with a printing group 211, for example additional spot colors. In one embodiment, at least in the printing mode, a plurality of rows of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, more preferably four double rows, and more preferably eight double rows of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 successively arranged aligned on at least one surface of at least one transmission body, for example, at least one transfer cylinder and / or at least one transmission belt.

The at least one printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 operates to produce coating agent drops preferably according to the drop-on-demand method, in which coating agent drops are selectively produced as needed. Preferably, at least one piezo element is used per nozzle, which can reduce a volume filled with coating agent at high speed by a certain amount when a voltage and / or change of an applied voltage. As a result, coating agent is displaced, which is ejected through a nozzle connected to the volume filled with coating agent and forms at least one coating agent drop. By applying different voltages to the piezoelectric element is on the travel of the piezoelectric element and thus the reduction of the volume and thus the size of the coating agent drops influence. In this way, color gradations in the resulting print image can be realized, for example without necessarily changing a number of drops contributing to the print image (amplitude modulation). It is also possible to use at least one heating element per nozzle, which generates a gas bubble in a volume filled with coating agent at high speed by evaporating coating agent. The additional volume of the gas bubble displaces coating agent, which in turn is ejected through the respective nozzle and forms at least one coating agent drop.

In the case of the drop-on-demand method, it is possible to have a target position of the respective coating agent drop on the moving printing material web 02 with respect to the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201 solely by means of a Determine emission timing of the respective coating agent drop and a rotational speed of the first central cylinder 201 and / or by the rotational position of the first central cylinder 201. By individually controlling each nozzle, only at selected times and at selected locations are coating agent drops removed from the at least one printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 transferred to the printing substrate 02. This is done as a function of the rotational speed and / or the rotational angle position of the at least one first central cylinder 201, a distance between the respective nozzle and the printing substrate 02 and the position of the target area of the respective nozzle with respect to the circumferential angle. This results in a desired printed image, which is designed as a function of the control of all nozzles.

By aligning the printing substrate 02, for example by means of a Bahnkantenausrichters and optionally by the first impression roller 206 of the first printing unit 200 and the large wrap angle of the printing substrate 02 to the at least one first central cylinder 201 and optionally by other devices such as drivers ensures that the printing substrate 02 is arranged without slippage in a precisely defined position on the cylinder surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 and also remains until a selective detachment at the end of the range of the wrap angle. Due to the contact of the printing material web 02 with the cylinder jacket surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201, swelling of the printing material web 02 at least in the transport direction B of the printing material web 02 and at least for the duration of contact of a respective region of the printing substrate web 02 with the cylinder jacket surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 prevented even after contact with drops of ink or at least sufficiently reduced. This ensures that ink droplets of different print heads 211 are applied to a printing material web 02 arranged in a uniformly defined manner. An exact and constant position of the printing substrate 02 relative to the at least one first Central cylinder 201 is of great importance for a passport-compatible and / or register-compatible printed image, in particular if the activation of the at least one nozzle is linked to the rotational position of the first central cylinder 201 as described above.

The nozzles of the at least one printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 are arranged such that a distance between the nozzles and arranged on the cylinder surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 substrate web 02 at least when arranged in a printing position printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 is preferably between 0.5 mm and 5 mm and more preferably between 1 mm and 1.5 mm. The high angular resolution and / or the high sampling frequency of the rotation angle sensor and / or the high accuracy of the predetermined by the machine control and processed by the first drive motor 208 of the first central cylinder 201 target data to the rotational position of the first drive motor 208 of the first central cylinder 201 allows a very accurate Orientation and / or knowledge of the position of the printing material web 02 relative to the nozzles and their target areas. A drop flight time between the nozzles and the printing material web 02 is known, for example, by a teaching process and / or by the known distance between the nozzles and the printing material web 02 and a known drop speed. From the rotational angle position of the at least one first central cylinder 201 and / or the first drive 208 of the at least one first central cylinder 201, the rotational speed of the at least one first central cylinder 201 and the droplet flight time, an ideal time for ejection of a respective droplet is determined, so that a passer-like and / or register-compliant imaging of the printing substrate 02 is achieved.

Preferably, at least one sensor configured as the first print image sensor is arranged, more preferably at one point along the transport path of the printing substrate web 02 after the first printing group 211. The at least one first print image sensor is for example, as a first line camera or as a first area camera. The at least one first print image sensor is designed, for example, as at least one CCD sensor and / or as at least one CMOS sensor. By means of this at least one first print image sensor and a corresponding evaluation unit, for example the higher-level machine control system, it is preferable to control all print heads 212 which lie behind one another and / or in the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 and / or double rows of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 of the first printing unit 211 monitored and / or regulated. In a first embodiment of the at least one print image sensor, only a first print image sensor is arranged, the sensor field of which covers the entire width of the transport path of the printing material web 02. In a second embodiment of the at least one print image sensor only a first print image sensor is arranged, which is designed to be movable in the direction A orthogonal to the direction of the transport path of the printing substrate 02. In a third embodiment of the at least one print image sensor, a plurality of print image sensors are arranged, whose respective sensor fields each comprise different regions of the transport path of the printing material web 02. Preferably, these areas are arranged offset in the direction A orthogonal to the direction of the transport path of the printing substrate 02 to each other. Preferably, an entirety of the sensor fields of the plurality of print image sensors comprises an entire width of the transport path of the printing material web 02.

A layer of pixels formed by coating agent drops emerging from each first printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, is preferably compared with a layer of pixels formed by coating agent drops which consist of a respective second circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201 and / or in the intended transport direction B of the printing stock 02 after the first respective printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 arranged and / or in the axial direction A to the print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 arranged lying printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 come. This is preferably done regardless of whether these each first and second, in the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201 successive and / or acting print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 process a same or a different coating agent. It is a vote of the layers of different printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; Monitored 733 printed images. In the case of the same coating agents, register-based joining of partial images is monitored. With different coating agents, a register or color register is monitored. A quality control of the printed image is preferably also carried out with the measured values of the at least one printed image sensor.

Depending on the speed with which individual nozzles can be controlled and operated, the printing substrate 02 may need to be printed several times with the same printing ink until the desired result can be achieved. For this purpose, each printing ink is preferably in each case at least two double rows of printing heads 212 lying one behind the other in the circumferential direction of the first central cylinder 201; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 assigned. Thus, for example, at a transport speed of the printing material web 02 of 2 m / s and a four-color printing, a resolution of 600 dpi (600 pixels per inch) is achieved. Preferably even higher web speeds of 150 m per minute or more are possible. Smaller resolutions and / or fewer colors allow correspondingly higher transport speeds.

In a regular printing operation, all printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 fixed in place. This ensures a permanent passport-oriented and / or register-oriented alignment of all nozzles. There are different situations where movement of the printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 is necessary. Such a situation arises, for example, during installation and / or maintenance and / or replacement of at least one of the print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733. The printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 are preferably attached individually to the at least one nozzle bar 213 and individually detachable from the at least one nozzle bar 213. This allows individual printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 serviced and / or cleaned and / or replaced. If a new and / or reordering printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 attached to the at least one nozzle bar 213, to which at least one other printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 is fixed, it is not inevitable but at most coincidentally results in a precisely matching orientation of this new and / or reordering printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 to the at least one printhead 212 already mounted; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 and in the circumferential direction and / or in the axial direction A with respect to the at least one first central cylinder 201. Thus, an alignment requirement may arise, in particular a single print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 to at least one or more other printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 of the same nozzle bar 213 and / or to at least one or more other printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 of other nozzle bars 213. If a plurality of mutually movable nozzle bars 213 are arranged, so even with a return of at least one nozzle bar 213 in a pressure position minimal misalignments of the nozzle bars 213 could occur with each other.

At least two adjustment sensors 740; 741 arranged. The at least two adjustment sensors 740; 741 are used to data relative settings of for example, at least four print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 to capture each other. Preferably, the at least two adjustment sensors 740; 741 optical sensors. Such relative settings are, for example, relative geometric positioning of the printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 and / or relative actuation times, in particular drop ejection times of the print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733. The relative settings additionally or alternatively include, for example, relative settings which relate to at least one color density and / or at least one area coverage and / or at least one point size of generated pixels. In the following, the relative setting is related to geometric positioning and / or activation times, in particular drop ejection times. However, the devices and / or processes described also relate to the other relative settings mentioned, as far as no contradictions arise from this.

The at least two adjustment sensors 740; 741 are preferably at least as position sensors 740; 741 trained. The at least two adjustment sensors 740; 741, in particular position sensors 740; 741 are, for example, cameras 740; 741 and / or as CCD sensors 740; 741 and / or as a CMOS sensor 740; 741 trained. The at least two adjustment sensors 740; 741, in particular position sensors 740; 741 serve preferably to directly or indirectly a relative position and / or control of at least two printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 to capture each other. For direct detection, at least one of the at least two adjustment sensors 740; 741, for example, to the nozzles of the respective printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 aligned and / or arranged alignable. For a preferred indirect detection, the at least two adjustment sensors 740; 741 preferably aligned on the substrate 02 and / or aligned and / or aligned and / or alignable to the transport path provided for the transport 02 substrate arranged and / or arranged on at least one transfer body and / or arranged alignable. On the basis of test print images 714, a comparison of generated partial test images 718; 719 to be performed by the printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 come. As a result, at least temporarily, a respective position of the target area of at least one new and / or re-arranged print head 212 is preferred; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 relative to a location of the target area of at least one pre-printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 detectable. This is preferably done by comparing relative locations of the respective printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 generated pixels on the printing substrate 02 by means of a common setting sensor 740; 741, in particular position sensors 740; 741. These relative positions of the pixels are preferably evaluated by means of an evaluation unit, for example the higher-level machine control.

Alternatively or additionally, the printing press is thus preferably characterized in that each of the at least two setting sensors 740; 741 on a substrate 02 and / or on at least one transfer body and / or on at least two in particular adjacent printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 is aligned and / or alignable.

As at least one adjustment sensor 740; 741, for example, the already described at least one first print image sensor is used for this purpose. However, other adjustment sensors 740; 741 is used as the at least one first print image sensor already described, for example setting sensors 740 specialized for this task; 741st

After installation and / or maintenance and / or replacement and / or one Cleaning at least one printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, a test print is preferably carried out to produce at least one test print image 717, in which the new and / or reordering print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 and at least one printhead 212 serving as a reference or leader printhead; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; Transfer 733 drops of ink to the substrate 02. The at least one test print image 717 is preferably automatically by means of at least one adjustment sensor 740; 741, for example, the first print image sensor detected. In a documented by the at least one test print image 717 and detected deviation of an actual position of the at least one new and / or re-arranged printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 from a desired position is preferably automated adjustment of the position of this printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 in the axial direction A by means of at least one positioning device 751 and / or an adjustment of the control of the nozzles of this printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 with respect to a drive time, in particular drop ejection time made.

An installation position of the at least one new and / or re-arranged print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 in the transport direction B provided for the printing substrate 02 and / or in the circumferential direction with respect to the at least one first central cylinder 201 can be controlled by the particular timing of the nozzles of this and / or another printhead 212 involved; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 compensate, preferably analogous to the already described adaptation of print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 different double rows of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733. An installation position of the at least one new and / or re-arranged print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 in axial direction A or transverse direction A is preferably compensated by means of the at least one positioning device 751.

The at least one adjustment sensor 740; 741 then registers the at least one test print image 717. In particular, a plurality of such test print images 717 may be consecutively timed with at least one same adjustment sensor 740; 741 are detected, which is moved at least for the detection of some of the test print images 717 relative to the axial direction A relative to different positions in order to investigate there respective layers of corresponding pixels. It would also be possible to have enough setting sensors 740; 741 at relevant positions, so that an axial movement of the adjustment sensors 740, 741 is no longer necessary

Preferably, a plurality of print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 each have their own positioning device 751, more preferably all print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 each have their own positioning device 751. When a print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 is used as a reference or leader print head according to which all other print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, this printhead 212 used as a reference or leader printhead needs; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 in principle no separate positioning device 751. Preferably, however, each print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 each have their own positioning device 751. In particular, a free choice of a Leitdruckkopfs is then possible. Each such positioning device 751 has at least one positioning drive 752, which is preferably designed as an electric motor and more preferably as a stepper motor. The positioning drive 752 has, for example, a spindle drive 752 and / or a toothed rack and a pinion. The positioning drive 752 in another embodiment on an eccentric and a cooperating groove. Each printhead 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, which has a positioning drive 752, is preferably arranged to be movable at least parallel to the axial direction A or transverse direction A by means of its positioning drive 752.

For example, the at least one positioning device 751 has at least one main body 753. The at least one main body 753 is preferably stationary relative to the at least one nozzle bar 213; 214 arranged and / or can be arranged and / or with the at least one nozzle bar 213; 413 identical. At least one main body 753 has at least two suspension elements 754; 756 arranged, for example, as spring steel sheets 754; 756 are formed. On the suspension elements 754; 756 is preferably the print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 directly or via at least one connecting element 757; 758 attached. The print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 is defined by the suspension members 754; 756 preferably arranged in the axial direction A or transverse direction A relative to the at least one base body 753 movable. The print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 preferably has at least one first thrust body 757 and / or is furthermore preferably rigidly connected to at least one first thrust body 757. More preferably, the at least one first thrust body 757 is a connection between the print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 and at least one of the suspension elements 756 arranged. Preferably, at least one spring element 759 is arranged relative to the axial direction A between the at least one first thrust body 757 and the at least one main body 753, more preferably such that the at least one first thrust body 757 and thus at the same time the print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 is acted upon in the axial direction A or transverse direction A with a spring force. Preferably, the at least one first thrust body 757 has a first inclined surface 761, which is further preferably in contact with a second inclined surface 762 of at least one second thrust body 763. The first inclined surface 761 of the at least one first thrust body 763 is preferably pressed by the at least one spring element 759 against the second inclined surface 762 of the at least one second thrust body 763. Preferably, the first inclined surface 761 and the second inclined surface 762 are parallel to each other. Preferably, a surface normal of the first inclined surface 761 and / or the second inclined surface 762 in or against a direction from the axial direction A by more than 0 ° and less than 90 °, in particular by 1 ° to 45 °, more preferably 1 ° deviates up to 25 °.

The at least one second thrust body 763 is preferably movable in a thrust direction S, which has at least one component in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction A or transverse direction A and which is further oriented preferably orthogonal to the axial direction A or transverse direction A. Preferably, the at least one second thrust body 763 is connected via a thread 764 to at least one spindle 766, which is rotatably arranged by means of the at least one positioning drive 752, which is preferably designed as a spindle drive 752. A rotation of the spindle 766 then preferably causes a movement of the at least one second thrust body 763 in or against the thrust direction S, via the second inclined surface 762 and the first inclined surface 761, a movement of the first thrust body 757 and thus of the print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 in a movement against or in the axial direction A or transverse direction A causes or at least allowed, depending on whether or not worked against or with the spring force of the at least one spring element 759. Preferably, the print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 at least one flexible supply line 767 and / or at least one flexible data line 623, for example, for a supply and / or removal of coating agent and / or detergent and / or a supply of electrical energy and / or a data connection with a print head control 622nd By the at least one flexible supply line 767 is preferably a mobility of the print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 guaranteed.

In the following, a preferred embodiment of the method for adjusting relative adjustments of print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, a printing unit 200; 400 described to each other. By way of example, the relative settings relate to geometric positioning and / or activation times, in particular drop ejection times of the print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 to each other. However, the same applies analogously to cases in which the relative settings are additionally or alternatively designed, for example, as relative settings which relate to at least one color density and / or at least one area coverage and / or at least one point size of generated pixels.

An exemplary total 707 of at least four (4), for example twelve (12), preferably one hundred twelve (112) printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 has a first subset 708 of at least two (2), for example, six (6), preferably fifty-six (56) printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 711; 721; 722; 731 and a second subset 709 of at least two (2), for example, six (6), preferably fifty-six (56) printheads 212; 412; 703; 712; 713; 723; 732; 733 on. The total quantity 707 has, for example, two (2) and preferably eight (8) double rows 213 arranged in different directions relative to the transport direction B and / or circumferential direction; 413 of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, each having at least two (2), for example, six (6), preferably fourteen (14) printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 on the axial direction A or transverse direction A relative to different positions. Preferably, a separation of the first subset 708 and the second subset 709 is substantially parallel to the transport direction B and / or circumferential direction and orthogonal to the axial direction A or transverse direction A.

Preferably, the printing unit 200; 400 at least one holding device 742 on which the at least two setting sensors 740; 741 are arranged in particular movable. The at least one holding device 742 preferably has at least one sensor drive. By way of example, by means of the at least one sensor drive, the at least one adjustment sensor 740; 741 each at least partially arranged with at least one component in the axial direction A or transverse direction A movable. For example, each adjustment sensor 740; 741 has its own holding device 742, but a common holding device 742 is preferably arranged. The at least one holding device has, for example, at least one guide, along which the at least one setting sensor 740; 741 is arranged movable. Preferably, each movable adjustment sensor 740; 741 has its own sensor drive. The at least one sensor drive has, for example, at least one traction means, for example at least one belt, which can be moved in different directions by means of a motor. Alternatively, a spindle drive or another linear motor or another suitable drive can be used.

First, a print head 711 of the first subset 708 becomes the first primary print head 711; 728 of the first subset 708 is set and a printhead 703 of the second subset 709 as the second primary guide printhead 703; 729 of the second subset 709 set. At least one (1), for example four (4), preferably sixteen (16) further, as first primary follow-on print heads 701; 702; 721; 722, fixed print heads 701; 702; 721; 722 of the first subset 708 are then sent to the first primary lead print head 711; 728 of the first subset aligned, so adapted to their relative position to this. This is preferably done by first printing a test print image 717 that consists of a plurality of lines that are partially parallel to the transport direction B of the printing material 02 and / or circumferential direction of the central cylinder 201; 401 extend and which extend partially orthogonal thereto and / or parallel to the axial direction A or transverse direction A. A first partial test image 718 is thereby from the first primary Leitdruckkopf 728 and a second partial test image 719 is thereby printed by one of the first primary follower print heads 701; 702; 721; 722 printed. By means of a first adjustment sensor 740, the test print image is detected. The test print image 717 can preferably be used to determine mechanically whether the relative position of the first primary print head 711; 728 and the corresponding first primary follower print head 701; 702; 721; 722 must be changed or not. Optionally, an adaptation, preferably by means of the corresponding positioning device 751 of the first primary follower print head 701; 702; 721; 722. Similarly, all first primary follow print heads 701; 702; 721; 722 aligned. Preferably, in the second subset 708, an analogous alignment of second primary follower print heads 712 occurs at the same time; 713; 732; 733 to a second primary lead print head 703; 729, in particular by means of the second adjustment sensor 741 and by means of a corresponding test print image 717.

Subsequently, one of the previously primary follow-on printheads 701; 702; 721; 722 fixed printheads 701; 702; 721; 722 as first secondary lead print head 722; 728 and becomes one of the previous second secondary follower printheads 712; 713; 732; 733 fixed printheads 712; 713; 732; 733 as a second secondary lead print head 713; 729 set. First secondary follow-on printheads 731 and second secondary follow-on printheads 723 are set and analogously by means of test print images 717, adjustment sensors 740; 741 and positioning devices 752 in their relative positions to the respective secondary lead printing head 722; 728; 713; 729 adjusted. Since the secondary lead print heads 722; 728; 713; 729 already to the primary lead print heads 711, 728; 703; 729, both the primary follower printheads 701; 702; 721; 722; 712; 713; 732; 733 as well as the secondary follower printheads 731; 723 to the primary lead print heads 711, 728; 703; 729 adjusted. Depending on the number of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 within subsets 708; 709, the process continues analogously until, as already shown in the example, all print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 at least within their subsets 708; 709 are aligned.

Thereafter, in particular following the adjustment of the subsets 708; 709 together. This process is analogous. A preferred second subset 709 of adjacent printhead 702 of the first subset 708 is referred to as a total leader printhead 702; 727 set. A preferred one of the first subset 708 adjacent printhead 712 of the second subset 709 is set as Gesamtfolgedruckkopf 712. A test print image 717 is taken from the total print head 702; 727 and the total follower print head 712 jointly created accordingly and by means of one of the now preferably appropriately positioned adjustment sensors 740; 741 recorded. After evaluation of this test print image 717, the specifications determine how far the overall follower print head 712 is relative to the overall print head 702; 727 has to be moved. To the already achieved positioning of all printheads 212; 412; 703; 712; 713; 723; 732; 733 of the second subset 709, all printheads 212; 412; 703; 712; 713; 723; 732; 733 of the second subset 709 adapted according to the determined for the Gesamtfolgedkopf 712 defaults in their position, in particular by means of their positioning devices 752 moves. Now all printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 aligned with each other. This requires fewer operations than in a case where all the printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 are aligned one after the other ( Fig. 4a, b . c . d and e ). Depending on the number of printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; In 733 it is even more time-saving, more than two subsets 708; 709 and correspondingly more than two setting sensors 740; 741 to arrange. It is also conceivable to arrange a number of setting sensors, which is one less than a number of printheads per double row. Then, the adjustment sensors 740; 741 are not moved and a further time savings is achievable.

As described, the respective adjustment of the relative positions preferably takes place directly after the detection, ie the respective adaptation process in one piece. As a result, the desired positions are always immediately available and a review and, for example, an iterative approach possible. Alternatively, only the detection operations can be performed in the order described. With a correspondingly accurate measurement and reliable positioning devices 752, all print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 calculate and adjust the adjusted positions at the same time. This allows further time savings, but with the option of iteration and / or immediate control.

In the case of activation times, in particular drop ejection times, the times are preferably adapted to one another at which the respective print heads eject coating agents. The detection processes are preferably the same as described for the positioning, only the test print image 717 is evaluated differently. The changes are then only in a control of the nozzles. Here, too, it is possible to work iteratively and / or with control or by means of a single measurement and sufficiently precise prediction.

The at least one test print image 717 preferably has at least two partial test images 718; 719 received from different printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 come. Preferably, each partial print image 718; 719 has at least one longitudinal image element 716 and more preferably at least two longitudinal image elements 716. Each longitudinal image element 716 preferably extends at least in the transport direction B of the printing substrate 02 further than orthogonal to this transport direction B of the printing substrate 02. It is preferred from the relative position of the longitudinal image elements 716 different partial test images 718; 719 to the relative axial location of the compilation of partial test images 718; 719 participating printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, in particular group of Printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 closed. Preferably, each partial print image 718; 719, at least one transverse image element 714 and more preferably at least two transverse image elements 714. Each transverse image element 714 preferably extends at least in the axial direction A or transverse direction A further than orthogonal to this axial direction A or transverse direction A. It is preferred from the relative position of the transverse image elements 714 different partial test images 718; 719 on the relative activation times, in particular drop ejection times, of the creation of the partial test images 718; 719 participating printheads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733, in particular group of print heads 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 closed. Preferably, the at least one test print image 717 further comprises delimiting elements 726. For example, a correct orientation of the respective detection sensor 740; 741 with respect to the axial direction A or transverse direction A allows and / or facilitated.

After the printing substrate 02 has passed the at least one first printing unit 200, the printing material web 02 is transported further along its transport path and preferably fed to the at least one first dryer 301 of the at least one dryer unit 300. The at least one first dryer 301 is preferably designed as a flow dryer 301 and / or radiation dryer 301 and / or hot air dryer 301 and / or infrared radiation dryer 301.

Along the transport path of the printing material web 02, at least one second printing unit 400 is preferably arranged. The transport path of the printing material web 02 through the at least one second printing unit 400 extends analogously to the transport path through the at least one first printing unit 200. Within the second printing unit 400, at least one second printing unit 411 designed as an inkjet printing unit 411 or inkjet printing unit 411 is preferred the second central cylinder 401 arranged aligned. The at least one second printing unit 411 of the at least one second Printing unit 400 is preferably constructed identically to the at least one first printing unit 211 of the at least one first printing unit 200, in particular with regard to at least one nozzle bar 413, at least one printhead 412 formed as inkjet printhead 412 and their arrangement in double rows, the execution and resolution of the printing method Arrangement, alignment and control of the nozzles and the mobility and adjustability of the at least one nozzle bar 413 and the at least one print head 412 means of at least one adjustment mechanism with a corresponding electric motor. Also, a correct alignment of the printheads 412 of the at least one second printing unit 400 is preferably checked by at least two adjustment sensors 740; 741 detect respective printed test print images 717 and the machine controller evaluates these test print images 717. Preferably, the at least one second printing unit 411 is designed as a multi-color printing unit 411, in particular four-color printing unit 411. With regard to the transport path of the printing material web 02, at least one second dryer 331 of the at least one dryer unit 300 is arranged after the at least one second printing unit 400. The construction of the at least one second dryer 331 preferably resembles the structure of the at least one first dryer 301.

In at least one variant of the printing machine, the printing press 01 is designed as a roller-type rotary ink-jet printing machine 01, and at least one transfer body with the at least one first central printing cylinder 201 is arranged to form a transfer nip. Then, preferably, the at least one print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 aligned on the at least one transmission body. The central pressure cylinder 201 is preferably designed as a counter-pressure cylinder in this case.

The at least one first central pressure cylinder 201 is preferably a motor-driven rotary body serving to support a printing material web 02 in a first transfer region, in particular a first transfer region for coating agent 201. Preferably, the at least one second pressure central cylinder 401 is a motor-driven rotary body 401 serving to support a printing material web 02 in a second transfer region, in particular a second transfer region for coating agent. Preferably, the first and / or the second transfer region is an area intended for to establish a contact between substrate 02 and coating agent, for example a target area of at least one nozzle of at least one print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 and / or at least one working area of at least one print head 212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733 and / or an entire working area of at least one nozzle bar 213 and / or a gap which is separated from the respective central pressure cylinder 201; 401 is formed with an optionally arranged transfer body.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01

Printing Machine, Inkjet Printing Machine, Rolling Printing Machine, Rolling Inkjet Printing Machine, Rotary Printing Machine, Rolling Rotary Printing Machine, Rolling Rotary Inkjet Printing Machine

02

Substrate, substrate web, paper web, textile web, film, plastic film, metal foil

100

Substrate source, roll-off device, reel splicer

101

printing material

111

Rotation axis (101, 103)

200

Printing unit, first

201

Central pressure cylinder, central cylinder, first; body of revolution

202-203

Roller, guide roller

204

Gap (201; 203)

205-206

Cylinder, impression roller, first

207

Rotation axis (201)

208

Drive motor, electric motor, direct drive, single drive, synchronous motor

209

Impression gap, first

210-211

Printing unit, ink-jet printing unit, ink-jet printing unit, multi-color printing unit, four-color printing unit, first

212

Printhead, inkjet printhead, first

213

Nozzle bar, first

300

dryer unit

301

Dryer, infrared radiation dryer, radiation dryer, flow dryer, UV radiation dryer, hot air dryer, first

331

Dryer, infrared radiation dryer, flow dryer, radiation dryer, hot air dryer, UV radiation dryer, second

400

Printing unit, second

401

Central pressure cylinder, central cylinder, second; body of revolution

408

Drive motor, direct drive, electric motor, single drive, synchronous motor

409 - 410 - 411

Printing unit, inkjet printing unit, inkjet printing unit, multi-color printing unit, four-color printing unit, second

412

Printhead, inkjet printhead, second

413

Nozzle bar, second

500

Post-processing device, folding device, rewinder, sheet cutter, plan delivery

622

Printhead controller

623

data line

700 - 701

printhead

702

printhead

703

printhead

704 - 705-706-707

total quantity

708

Subset, first

709

Subset, second

710-711

printhead

712

printhead

713

printhead

714

Cross pixel

715-716

Along pixel

717

Test print image

718

Part test image

719

Part test image

720 - 721

printhead

722

printhead

723

printhead

724-725-726

limiting element

727

Gesamtleitdruckkopf

728

Master print head, first

729

Master print head, second

730-731

printhead

732

printhead

733

printhead

740

Adjustment sensor, position sensor, camera, CCD sensor, CMOS sensor, sensor, optical

741

Adjustment sensor, position sensor, camera, CCD sensor, CMOS sensor, sensor, optical

742

holder

751

positioning

752

Positioning drive, spindle drive

753

body

754

hanging member; Spring steel sheet

755 - 756

hanging member; Spring steel sheet

757

Connecting element, thrust body, first

758

connecting element

759

spring element

760-761

Bevel, first

762

sloping surface

763

Schubkörper, second

764

thread

765-766

spindle

767

supply line

A

Direction, transverse direction, axial

B

transport direction

S

thrust direction

Claims (15)

1. A method for aligning relative adjustments of print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) of at least one printing unit (200; 400) of a printing machine (01) to one another, wherein in at least one first partial detection process data about relative adjustments of at least two print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 711; 721; 722; 731) of a first subset (708) of print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) to one another are detected and wherein in at least one second partial detection process data about relative adjustments of at least two print heads (212; 412; 703; 712; 713; 723; 732; 733) belonging to a second subset (709) of print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) and not belonging to the first subset (708) to one another are detected and wherein from each print head (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) of the at least one first subset (708) proceeding in the transverse direction (A) oriented only in one direction print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) of the at least one second subset (709) are arranged and/or from each print head (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) of the at least one second subset (709) proceeding in the transverse direction (A) oriented only in one direction print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) of the at least one first subset (708) are arranged and wherein in at least one overall detection process data about at least one relative adjustment of at least one first print head (212; 412; 701; 702; 711; 721; 722; 731) of the first subset (708) and at least one second print head (212; 412; 703; 712; 713; 723; 732; 733) of the second subset (709) to one another are detected and wherein at least the at least one first partial detection process and the at least one second partial detection process run simultaneously at least sometimes and wherein at each point in time of the course of the process either the at least one overall detection process hand proceeds on one side or the at least one first partial detection process and/or the at least one second partial detection process proceeds on the other side and wherein in at least one adjustment process the relative adjustments of at least two of the print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) of the at least one printing unit (200; 400) to one another are changed and wherein the data detected in the at least one first partial detection process and/or the data detected in the at least one second partial detection process and/or the data detected in the at least one overall detection process are detected by means of at least two adjustment sensors (740; 741) moveable with respect to the transverse direction (A), characterized in that at least two adjustment sensors (740; 741) at least sometimes are moved independently from each other at least in the transverse direction (A).
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the relative adjustments are relative geometric positionings and/or actuation time points of the print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733).
3. The method according to claim 1 and/or 2, characterized in that each print head at the most belongs to the at least one first subset (708) or the at least one second subset (709) and/or that the first subset (708) and the second subset (709) have no overlap.
4. The method according to claim 1 and/or 2 and/or 3, characterized in that the relative adjustments of the at least two print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) to each other are changed depending on at least the data detected in the at least one first partial detection process and/or the data detected in the at least one second partial detection process and/or the data detected in the overall detection process.
5. The method according to claim 1 and/or 2 and/or 3 and/or 4, characterized in that at least one adjustment sensor (740; 741) is moved between the at least one first partial detection process on the one hand and the at least one overall detection process on the other hand at least periodically at least in a transverse direction (A).
6. The method according to claim 1 and/or 2 and/or 3 and/or 4 and/or 5, characterized in that at least one print image and/or at least two print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) arranged on at least one printing sheet (02) and/or on at least one transfer body are detected by means of each of the at least two adjustment sensors (740; 741).
7. The method according to claim 1 and/or 2 and/or 3 and/or 4 and/or 5 and/or 6, characterized in that the at least one first subset (708) and the at least one second subset (709) respectively have at least one print head (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733), by means of which a common coating means is applicable and/or an application of the common coating means can be influenced.
8. The method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that in at least one first partial adjustment process the relative adjustments of the at least two print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 711; 721; 722; 731) of the at least one first subset (708) to each other are changed and/or that in at least one second partial adjustment process the relative adjustments of the at least two print heads (212; 412; 703; 712; 713; 723; 732; 733) of the at least one second subset (709) to each other are changed and/or that in at least one overall adjustment process the relative adjustment of the at least one first print head (212; 412; 701; 702; 711; 721; 722; 731) of the first subset (708) and of the at least one second print head (212; 412; 703; 712; 713; 723; 732; 733) of the second subset (709) to each other are changed.
9. A printing machine (01) with at least one printing unit (200; 400), wherein the at least one printing unit (200; 400) has at least four print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733), of which at least three are arranged moveable relative to one another at least in an orthogonally oriented transverse direction (A) to a transport direction (B) provided by the at least one printing unit (200; 400) and wherein the at least three groups respectively contain at least two of the at least four print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733), characterized in that the printing machine (02) has at least two adjustment sensors (740; 741), by means of which in total data about relative adjustments of the print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) of the respective group to each other for at least three groups of print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) can be detected and that the at least two adjustment sensors (740; 741) respectively are moveably arranged at least sometimes with at least one component in the transverse direction (A) and that at least one of the at least two adjustment sensors (740; 741) have a separate sensor drive, which is different from a sensor drive of another of the at least two adjustment sensors (740; 741).
10. The printing machine according to claim 9, characterized in that each print head (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) moveable in the transverse direction (A) has its own positioning drive (752) and/or that each moveable adjustment sensor (740; 741) has its own sensor drive.
11. The printing machine according to claim 9 and/or 10, characterized in that the relative adjustments are relative geometric positionings and/or actuation time points of the print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733).
12. The printing machine according to claim 9 and/or 10 and/or 11, characterized in that the printing unit (200; 400) has at least four print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) that are assigned to a same coating means supply and which are arranged at least partially offset to one another with respect to the transverse direction (A) in each case considered in pairs.
13. The printing machine according to claim 9 and/or 10 and/or 11 and/or 12, characterized in that the printing unit (200; 400) has a least one double row of print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) which have respectively two rows of at least two print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) offset to each other with respect to the transverse direction (A).
14. The printing machine according to claim 9 and/or 10 and/or 11 and/or 12 and/or 13, characterized in that each of the at least two adjustment sensors (740; 741) is aligned and/or can be aligned to at least one transfer body and/or to at least two in particular adjacent print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733).
15. The printing machine according to claim 9 and/or 10 and/or 11 and/or 12 and/or 13 and/or 14, characterized in that at least two of the at least two adjustment sensors (740; 741) are moveably arranged independently from each other and or independently from the print heads (212; 412; 701; 702; 703; 711; 712; 713; 721; 722; 723; 731; 732; 733) respectively at least sometimes with at least one component in the transverse direction (A).

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