EP3109125A1 - System and method for supplying decentralised functional units with electric energy - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the invention, a system and a method are disclosed for supplying decentralized functional units (E) with electrical energy arranged in an industrial installation, wherein: a) a higher-level control system (STW) is provided which exchanges information with the decentralized functional units (E) by means of data telegrams via a data bus (CB, NB1, NB2), b) network node units (SND) are arranged sequentially between two feed points (PS1, PS2) of a ring-shaped power bus (EB) providing the decentralized functional units (E) access to the power bus (EB) and optionally to the data bus (CB), c) the network node units (SND) have a controllable switching module (S) which comprises a first switch (S1) and a second switch (S2), wherein the two switches (S1, S2) each have access to the two feed points (S) PS1, PS2) is switched, d) the first switch (S1) and / or the second switch (S2) is selectively opened and a drop across the inputs of the power bus in the network node unit voltage can be measured; and e) an evaluation module (CPU, SL) is provided, which evaluates the measured voltage within a network node unit (SND) and / or under adjacent network node units (SND) to an interruption of the power bus (EB) and / or a faulty switching module (S) out ,

Description

The present invention relates to a system and method for supplying decentralized functional units with electrical energy arranged in an industrial plant.

Such decentralized functional units are used in particular in rail transport networks such as the railroad, where these are used to control vehicle influencing and / or vehicle monitoring units and to monitor functionality and to record process data and back to a central control and / or Monitoring center, such as a control center or a signal box, to report. As Zugbeeinflussende units that give instructions to the driver or even make direct intervention in the vehicle control or directly set a safe track, for example, signals, points, balises, line conductors, track magnets and the like, as well as sensors for detecting process variables of the moving train, such as power consumption, speed and the like. As train and track section monitoring units can also balise and line conductors, but also axle and track circuits and other train detection systems are called. Basically, however, the present invention relates to all industrial plants in which functional units are distributed over long distances and yet must be centrally controlled. The central controller can be perceived by a stationary control center, but also by a non-stationary virtual control center.

In railway traffic, it is usually so that these decentralized functional units of a signal box or be controlled a remote interlocking computer. For the data transfer between the interlocking and the functional units in the track area today standardized copper cables are usually provided, for their classical travel distances because of the physical transmission parameters, the cable coverings (RLC), at 10 km in practice is the upper limit. For certain types of functional units, however, this upper limit can only be at a maximum of 6.5 km.

1. a) ein übergeordnetes Steuerungssystem, das mit den dezentralen Funktionseinheiten mittels Datentelegrammen Informationen austauscht,
2. b) ein Datentransportnetzwerk mit einer Anzahl von Netzzugangspunkten, wobei das übergeordnete Steuerungssystem über mindestens einen Netzzugangspunkt an dem Datentransportnetzwerk angekoppelt ist;
3. c) Kommunikationseinheiten, die jeweils an einem Netzzugangspunkt angeschlossen sind, wobei:
4. d) die dezentralen Funktionseinheiten zu Untergruppen mit jeweils eigenem Subnetzwerk zusammengefasst sind; und wobei
5. e) das Subnetzwerk jeder der Untergruppen an jedem seiner beiden Ende jeweils über eine Kommunikationseinheit und über einem Netzzugangspunkt an dem Datentransportnetzwerk angekoppelt ist.

From the Sinet® project of Siemens Switzerland AG and the corresponding European patent application EP 2 301 202 A1 a device and a method for controlling and / or monitoring decentralized functional units arranged along a traffic network are known, which comprise the following key points:

1. a) a higher-level control system which exchanges information with the decentralized functional units by means of data telegrams,
2. b) a data transport network having a number of network access points, wherein the higher-level control system is coupled to the data transport network via at least one network access point;
3. c) communication units each connected to a network access point, wherein:
4. d) the decentralized functional units are combined into subgroups, each with its own subnetwork; and where
5. e) the subnetwork of each of the subgroups at each of its two ends is coupled to the data transport network via a communication unit and via a network access point.

In this way, a digital data transport network can be used for the coupling of the decentralized functional units, which is robust in each case against a simple error event, yet a very skillful use of very widely used in railway engineering copper cables, for example, previously available interlocking cables, and finally requires only a relatively small number of network access points.

Such a device is used in a particularly advantageous manner for a rail network for rail transport. Consequently, it is then expedient in a further advantageous embodiment, by means of the decentralized functional units traffic monitoring and traffic control functional units, such as in particular signals, switches, axle counter, track circuits, point and line train control elements to couple to the data transport network.

The construction of technical facilities, especially in railway infrastructure, is based on robustness and reliability due to the more than 100 years of history of industrial plant construction and railway engineering. In the former conception, the outer elements of the railway safety systems were connected via relatively strong cable cores in order to be able to reliably detect the switching states over the defined distances, ie the design takes place according to the peak loads with sufficient reserve. With the switching operation of the outer elements, the information is transmitted via the energy supply. It follows, however, in an obvious way, that the possible distances are limited by the detectable energy flow. Among today's flexibility, cost and resource policy aspects, these established concepts are in addition to those through the EP 2 301 202 A1 also urgently needed to innovate in the field of energy supply, thus dissolving the previous coupling of information and energy.

1. a) ein übergeordnetes Steuerungssystem, das mit den dezentralen Funktionseinheiten mittels Datentelegrammen Informationen austauscht,
2. b) ein Datentransportnetzwerk mit einer Anzahl von Netzzugangspunkten, wobei das übergeordnete Steuerungssystem über mindestens einen Netzzugangspunkt an dem Datentransportnetzwerk angekoppelt ist;
3. c) Kommunikationseinheiten, die an einem Netzzugangspunkt angeschlossen sind und den dezentralen Funktionseinheiten den Zugang zu dem Datentransportnetzwerk bereitstellen, und
4. d) ein Energietransportnetz, an das die dezentralen Funktionseinheiten angeschlossen sind und das die dezentralen Funktionseinheiten mit elektrischer Energie versorgt. Auf diese Weise ist nun auch das Energietransportnetz vollkommen von einem Stellwerk entkoppelt.

For this purpose, the international patent application discloses WO 2013/013908 A1 a solution. This solution provides a device and a method for operating decentralized functional units arranged in an industrial plant, comprising:

1. a) a higher-level control system which exchanges information with the decentralized functional units by means of data telegrams,
2. b) a data transport network having a number of network access points, wherein the higher-level control system is coupled to the data transport network via at least one network access point;
3. c) communication units which are connected to a network access point and provide access to the data transport network to the decentralized functional units, and
4. d) an energy transport network to which the decentralized functional units are connected and which supplies the decentralized functional units with electrical energy. In this way, the energy transport network is now completely decoupled from a signal box.

Based on today's interlocking architecture with decentralized stations, but point-to-point energy supply, this is a new, innovative approach, which was sold by Siemens Switzerland AG under the name Sigrid®. Today's cable-intensive and labor-intensive point-to-point connections for the power supply or power supply of the peripheral elements along the track (element controller or decentralized functional unit) are replaced by wire-saving and easy-to-install bus or ring circuits.

The in the WO 2013/013908 A1 However, the solution disclosed is by no means confined to the described application of the interlocking architecture of railway systems. but goes far beyond that. Future examples include energy management for buildings or large-scale plants in the manufacturing or processing industries based on decentralized energy supply.

If the power bus is routed between two signal boxes or other devices with connection to the power supply networks, the supply of the connected consumers (decentralized functional units) can take place from both supply sides. This creates a previously unavailable redundancy of the energy supply. The decentralized functional units - also called element controllers or EC for short) are connected to the data bus and the power bus by network node units - also called bus couplers or SNDs for short - which can take over control, monitoring and diagnostic functions. For example, the SNDs can interrupt or bypass the power bus, as well as measure currents and voltages in the power bus.

Simple defects, such as short circuits or interruptions, in the power bus, if properly handled due to the redundancy do not directly lead to a failure of elements. In the case of a failed feed side, the supply of all decentralized functional elements would be taken over by the second feed side.

Due to the redundancy of the power supply with two feed sides, an interruption can be covered in certain cases. As already mentioned, such an interruption does not lead to failures of connected consumers in a first error case. However, if there is already an undiscovered interruption between two decentralized functional elements or in one network node unit, another interruption will inevitably lead to all between the two interruptions lying decentralized functional units are separated from the power supply. This should be avoided especially in the area of railway safety systems; It is therefore a high reliability of the feed required. Therefore, interruptions in the bus must be recognized within a reasonable period of time and corrected accordingly, so that, for example, during assembly work, not part of the system is accidentally disconnected from the grid.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a system and a method for supplying arranged in an industrial plant decentralized functional units with electrical energy, in the interruptions in the power bus or faulty network node units, in particular their switching modules are reliably and quickly detected, so immediately Measures to restore the correct function of the energy bus can be initiated.

1. a) ein übergeordnetes Steuerungssystem vorgesehen ist, das mit den dezentralen Funktionseinheiten mittels Datentelegrammen Informationen über einen Datenbus austauscht,
2. b) Netzknoteneinheiten sequentiell zwischen zwei Speisepunkten eines ringartig aufgebauten Energiebusses angeordnet sind, die den dezentralen Funktionseinheiten den Zugang zu dem Energiebus und optional zu dem Datenbus bereitstellen,
3. c) die Netzknoteneinheiten über ein steuerbares Schaltmodul verfügen, das einen ersten Schalter und einem zweiten Schalter umfasst, wobei mit den beiden Schaltern je ein Zugang zu den beiden Speisepunkten schaltbar ist,
4. d) der erste Schalter und/oder der zweite Schalter wahlweise öffenbar sind und eine über den Eingängen des Energiebusses in die Netzknoteneinheit abfallende Spannung messbar ist; und
5. e) ein Auswertemodul vorgesehen ist, das die gemessene Spannung innerhalb einer Netzknoteneinheit und/oder unter benachbarten Netzknoteneinheiten auf einen Unterbruch des Energiebusses und/oder ein fehlerhaftes Schaltmodul hin auswertet.

The object is achieved with respect to the system according to the invention by a system for supplying arranged in an industrial plant decentralized functional units with electrical energy, wherein:

1. a) a higher-level control system is provided which exchanges information with the decentralized functional units by means of data telegrams via a data bus,
2. b) network node units are arranged sequentially between two feed points of a ring-shaped power bus, which provide the decentralized functional units access to the power bus and optionally to the data bus,
3. c) the network node units have a controllable switching module which comprises a first switch and a second switch, wherein the two switches each having access to the two feed points can be switched,
4. d) the first switch and / or the second switch are selectively openable and a drop across the inputs of the power bus in the network node unit voltage can be measured; and
5. e) an evaluation module is provided which evaluates the measured voltage within a network node unit and / or under adjacent network node units to an interruption of the power bus and / or a faulty switching module out.

1. a) ein übergeordnetes Steuerungssystem vorgesehen ist, das mit den dezentralen Funktionseinheiten mittels Datentelegrammen Informationen über einen Datenbus austauscht,
2. b) Netzknoteneinheiten sequentiell zwischen zwei Speisepunkten eines ringartig aufgebauten Energiebusses angeordnet sind, die den dezentralen Funktionseinheiten den Zugang zu dem Energiebus und optional zu dem Energiebus bereitstellen,
3. c) die Netzknoteneinheiten über ein steuerbares Schaltmodul verfügen, das einen ersten Schalter und einem zweiten Schalter umfasst, wobei mit den beiden Schaltern je ein Zugang zu den beiden Speisepunkten geschaltet wird,
4. d) der erste Schalter und/oder der zweite Schalter wahlweise geöffnet wird und eine über den Eingängen des Energiebusses in die Netzknoteneinheit abfallende Spannung gemessen wird; und
5. e) ein Auswertemodul vorgesehen ist, das die gemessene Spannung innerhalb einer Netzknoteneinheit und/oder unter benachbarten Netzknoteneinheiten auf einen Unterbruch des Energiebusses und/oder ein fehlerhaftes Schaltmodul hin auswertet.

With regard to the method, this object is achieved according to the invention by a method for supplying decentralized functional units arranged in an industrial plant with electrical energy, wherein:

1. a) a higher-level control system is provided which exchanges information with the decentralized functional units by means of data telegrams via a data bus,
2. b) network node units are arranged sequentially between two feed points of a ring-shaped power bus, which provide the decentralized functional units access to the power bus and optionally to the power bus,
3. c) the network node units have a controllable switching module comprising a first switch and a second switch, wherein the two switches each have an access to the two feed points,
4. d) selectively opening the first switch and / or the second switch and measuring a voltage drop across the inputs of the power bus into the network node unit; and
5. e) an evaluation module is provided which evaluates the measured voltage within a network node unit and / or under adjacent network node units to an interruption of the power bus and / or a faulty switching module out.

In this way, a system and a method are provided, with which it is possible, due to the evaluation of the voltages across the switches within a network node unit or adjacent network node units, to reliably detect interruptions of the power bus and / or faulty switches of network node units.

In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the voltages of the same network node unit measured for the two inputs of the power bus in a network node unit can be compared. In this way, it can be determined whether the connection to both feed points is intact or whether one of these connections is broken or if one of the switches has a fault.

Alternatively or additionally, the voltages measured for the two inputs of the power bus in two directly adjacent network node units can be compared. In this way, it can also be determined whether the connection to both feed points is intact or whether one of these connections between the two network node units is interrupted.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention, it may be provided that the voltage values measured on a network node unit can be transmitted via the data bus to an adjacent network node unit and / or the higher-order control system. In this way, the data can be accumulated in a suitable manner where their evaluation is provided by means of the evaluation module. The evaluation module is rather an evaluation instance, because the evaluation of the voltage values is carried out by software and therefore the required hardware for this purpose in a suitable location, such as in the parent Control system (eg the interlocking) or else can be arranged on a master network node unit. To check it is now also possible to query the network node units in order. For this purpose, a monitoring cycle for the successive opening of the two switches for each network node unit can be provided by means of a successive processing of the network node units starting at one of the two feed points. Alternatively or additionally, a monitoring cycle for the successive opening of the two switches for each network node unit by way of a successive processing of the network node units starting at the voltage center of the power bus network node unit and then be provided on both sides to the feed points out. Thus, it is possible to proceed systematically from network node unit to network node unit until all network node units arranged sequentially within the power bus have been processed.

To ensure the supply of the monitoring cycle can be performed periodically at appropriate intervals or triggered by a network node units or by the higher-level control system, if necessary.

A typical implementation case for the industrial plant may be a railway network. Accordingly, then by means of the decentralized functional units traffic monitoring and traffic control units, in particular signals, switches (W), axle counter, track circuits, point and line-shaped train control elements controlled.

Figur 1

in schematischer Ansicht eine Stellwerkarchitektur mit einem Datenbus und einem Energiebus;

Figur 2

in schematischer Ansicht eine Netzknoteneinheit zur Verbindung einer dezentralen Funktionseinheit mit dem Datenbus und Energiebus;

Figur 3

in schematischer Ansicht den Spannungsverlauf über dem Energiebus im Normalbetrieb;

Figur 4

in schematischer Ansicht den Spannungsverlauf über dem Energiebus für zwei Unterbruchsarten; und

Figur 5

in schematischer Ansicht den Spannungsverlauf über dem Energiebus für zwei verdeckte Unterbrüche im Energiebus.

Further advantageous embodiments of the present invention can be taken from the remaining subclaims. Advantageous embodiments of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Showing:

FIG. 1

a schematic view of a interlocking architecture with a data bus and an energy bus;

FIG. 2

a schematic view of a network node unit for connecting a decentralized functional unit with the data bus and power bus;

FIG. 3

in a schematic view of the voltage curve over the power bus in normal operation;

FIG. 4

a schematic view of the voltage curve over the power bus for two types of interruptions; and

FIG. 5

in a schematic view of the voltage curve over the power bus for two hidden interruptions in the power bus.

FIG. 1 schematically shows an interlocking architecture with a system Sys, inter alia, a signal box STW, a redunant degraded data backbone NB1, NB2, a data bus CB and an energy bus EB with two feed points PS1 and PS2 has. The interlocking STW controls the train traffic on a track section G, in which here, for example, signals S, points W, a level crossing Bue and axle counter AC are arranged. These train protection and influencing components each connect to a decentralized functional unit - also called element controller unit E - on the data bus CB and the power bus EB. The decentralized functional units E are connected to the annular data bus CB in such a way that over each side of the annular data bus CB is given access to the data backbones NB1 and NB2. The data bus CB coupled with corresponding routers / switches SW to the respective data backbone NB1, NB2.

FIG. 2 now shows schematically the data and power supply connection of the Element Controller Unit E of a train control component, here for example a switch W, to the data bus CB and the power bus EB. Such an attachment point comprises a network node unit SND, a communication unit SCU and the actual element controller EC. The communication unit SCU is used for the data exchange over both branches of the data bus CB. Energy side, the network node unit SND is provided which couples to both branches of the power bus EB. The network node unit SND controls and monitors the power bus EB, detects current violations within the power bus and the connected consumer (SPU with EC). In redundant manner, it is always supplied from two sides with electrical energy and therefore has in a switching module S via a left switch S1 and a right switch S2 and a load switch S3 to the supply unit SPU of the element controller EC. In the present embodiment, the switching module S also includes a control and / or evaluation logic SL, which is used, for example, to measure the voltages and / or currents at the inputs of the power bus EB in the network node unit SND.

The network node unit SND also supplies the communication unit SCU with voltage and can also exchange data with it via an Ethernet connection and is thus integrated in the data bus CB (eg for activating the manual operation of the SND via remote access and actuation of the switches S1 to S3, for delivery of diagnostic data to the interlocking or a superordinate service and diagnostic system, query of the current voltages, currents, energy and power values, parameterization of the SND, for the delivery and / or reception of data for the charging / the energy management of an energy storage not shown here or for the notification of a future power requirement) , In the network node unit SND here the supply unit SPU is integrated via the switch S3, which converts the voltage of the power bus EB to the input voltage required for the element controller EC. In addition, a data connection between the switching module S of the network node unit SND and the supply unit SPU, for example in the form of a serial RS 422, is provided. Energy-technically typical here is, for example, a three-phase connection with 400 VAC. The element controller EC controls and supplies in FIG. 2 In the present case, the switch W receives the element controller EC data telegrams from a higher-level interlocking CPU via an Ethernet connection from the communication unit SCU and are via this communication unit SCU feedback to the interlocking computer CPU. The interlocking computer CPU here also represents a corresponding evaluation module that evaluates the received data as intended.

1. a) Unterbrüche an einem beliebigen Punkt in dem Energiebus EB wie in Figur 4 mit dem Buchstaben A für einen Unterbruch zwischen SND2 und SND 3 bezeichnet; und
2. b) Unterbrüche in den Schaltern S1, S2 einer Netzknoteneinheit SND wie in Figur 4 mit dem Buchstaben B für einen Unterbruch in SND2 bezeichnet.

FIG. 3 now shows the voltage curve over the power bus EB, in which here seven network node units SND1 to SND7 are connected, in normal operation. In normal operation, somewhere on the power bus EB, an energy center will be set at which the power is sourced from both supply points SP1 and SP2. Up to this center, the energy in the bus is supplied by only one feeder SP1 or SP2; it only flows in one direction. This results in the following failure scenarios:

1. a) interruptions at any point in the energy bus EB as in FIG. 4 designated by the letter A for an interrupt between SND2 and SND3; and
2. b) interruptions in the switches S1, S2 of a network node unit SND as in FIG. 4 denoted by the letter B for an interruption in SND2.

It is assumed that the network node units SND1 to SND7 measure both current and voltage at the power bus EB, as well as the current direction in the power bus EB at both bus inputs (bus left, bus right). It is further assumed that in the network node units SND1 to SND7 a switching function is implemented in the switching module S, the switches S1 and S2 being realized by means of unidirectionally or bidirectionally conducting semiconductor components. Thus, in each network node unit SND there is a "switch left", through which the current I flows from right to left, and a "switch right", through which the current flows to the right. In the case of the bidirectionally conducting semiconductor element, although there is only one bus switch, which conducts in both directions. In addition, it is assumed here that the connected supply units SPU can bridge a voltage interruption of about 20 ms.

The present invention solves the technical problem of monitoring the power bus EB by means of a segment-by-segment check of the network node units SND1 to SND7. It can be revealed with the resources anyway necessary for the function also a hidden redundancy failure. Thus, neither a high-precision current or voltage measurement on the power bus EB has to be implemented, nor does a great amount of circuitry have to be operated in order to apply test signals to the data bus CB or to receive and evaluate them. Of course, all data could be in eg Ways to replace a power line communication via the power bus EB.

The existing in the power bus EB network node units SND1 to SND7 can perform the test process autonomously based on a fixed time sequence. In this case, the network node units are assigned a fixed point of time on the basis of the position in the energy bus EB, for which they are allowed to carry out the interruption check. It is also possible to run the test procedure in a synchronized manner via the communication between the network node units, for example triggered by a predefined master SND. From the combined measurement of current, current direction and voltage at both switches S1, S2, the network node unit SND can determine the state of the power bus EB by briefly separating the switches S1 and S2.

First of all, the reaction of the energy bus EB to the two interruptions (A) and (B) described above is made FIG. 4 described. The network node units are now only referenced SND or their number.

In the case of interruption (A), a voltage jump becomes visible in the energy bus. The SND adjacent to the interruption, here SND2 and SND3, measure different bus voltages at their bus inputs. By exchanging the measured values of SND2 and SND3, this interruption (A) can be easily recognized because the two adjacent network node units SND2 and SND3 measure different voltages at their respectively facing bus inputs.

In the event of an interruption (B), the SND, whose switch is defective, measures different bus voltages at the two voltage measuring points at the bus inputs. The difference is greater than the voltage drop across the Switches S1, S2 itself. This case can be seen in operation without much effort.

It becomes more difficult when the interruption is close to the electrical center in the energy bus, which is indicated by the letters (C) and (D) in FIG. 5 is shown, or a switch S1 to S3 is affected in the switching module S, which does not conduct in the energized direction letter (F) in FIG. 5 , Here the interrupt detection algorithm described below becomes active.

• Das SND in der elektrischen Busmitte, hier also SND4, trennt die Schalter S1 und S2 für beide Richtungen auf. Wenn an beiden Eingängen des Schaltmoduls S die Spannung nicht wesentlich ändert, sind die Kabel zu den beiden benachbarten SND intakt und das nächste SND kann geprüft werden.

The interruption detection system regularly checks for obvious interruptions according to letters (A) and (B) in the energy bus EB. This can also be realized, for example, by adjacent SNDs exchanging their current / voltage measured values and reporting an interruption in the case of irregularities. If a significant voltage jump is detected between the measured values at the two switches of an SND or between two adjacent SNDs, an interruption in the energy bus EB must be present. In addition, hidden interrupts are searched for periodically. For this purpose, the SND in the case of synchronized interrupt detection is as follows:

• The SND in the electrical bus center, in this case SND4, separates the switches S1 and S2 for both directions. If at both inputs of the switch module S the voltage does not change significantly, the cables to the two adjacent SND are intact and the next SND can be tested.

SND5 disconnects "switch left" which causes SND4 to be powered only from the left and the two inputs on SND5 need to measure different voltage levels. If the voltage on the left input of SND5 completely collapses, or is below the minimum allowed threshold, then "Switch right" of SND4 defective (defect (D)). Otherwise, the next SND can be checked.

SND6 disconnects "switch left", which causes SND5 to be powered only from the left and the two inputs of the switch module on SND6 have to measure different voltage values. If the voltage at the input to the left of SND6 completely collapses, "switch right" of SND5 is defective. Otherwise, the next SND can be checked.

As soon as the test routine has opened the "leftmost switch" of the SND on the right-hand side and checked the entire right-hand side of the power bus EB, SND3 can continue to work in the left direction. In the first step, SND3 would open "switch right". Defect (F) would thus be revealed when "switch left" of SND1 is opened. The test routine can also be used with bidirectionally conductive semiconductor elements. Then there is only one bus switch, which conducts in both directions. Accordingly falls in this case, the failure mode "the switch that does not conduct in the energized direction, falls off" away. Only the failures A, B, C and D would have to be considered for this case. F would not exist anymore.

If an interruption is detected somewhere, this test run is stopped immediately and the error is displayed by the SND by means of data telegrams and reported to the other SND and / or the interlocking STW and / or another related diagnosis device. Until a repair has taken place, manipulations in the energy bus EB are then to be omitted.

It is also possible to start the process only time-triggered without explicit synchronization between the SND. Depending on the prevailing current direction, one SND after the other opens its switches S1, S2. In this case, SND1 would be the first on the Configuration predefined time slot (time synchronization via NTP) received and the "switch right" open (the current flows from left to right, so this rung is interrupted to check the other current direction). Next up is SND 2, and so on. The SND, which receives power from both sides, opens both switches, the SND, in which the current flows only from the right, open the "switches left". The interruption detection function works analogously to the sequence described above, but an already existing interruption leads in this case to a brief voltage interruption in the element Controller Units E, which lie between the SND being tested and the interruption. For this reason, the switches must not be left open for more than 10 ms within the scope of the assumption made above for a 20 ms seized power supply. For the exact localization of the interruption, the entire energy bus EB must also be traversed, each SND must briefly open its switches S1 and / or S2. The interruption is reported, and also here, no manipulation except the repair to the power bus EB done.

Claims (15)

System (Sys) for supplying decentralized functional units (E) with electrical energy arranged in an industrial installation, wherein: a) a higher-level control system (STW) is provided, which exchanges information with the decentralized functional units (E) by means of data telegrams via a data bus (CB, NB1, NB2), b) network node units (SND) are arranged sequentially between two feed points (PS1, PS2) of a ring-shaped power bus (EB), which gives the decentralized functional units (E) access to the power bus (EB) and optionally also to the data bus (CB, NB1, NB2), c) the network node units (SND) have a controllable switching module (S) which comprises a first switch (S1) and a second switch (S2), wherein the two switches (S1, S2) each have access to the two feed points (S) PS1, PS2) is switchable, d) the first switch (S1) and / or the second switch (S2) are optionally open and a voltage dropping at the input of the network node unit (SND) can be measured; and e) an evaluation module (CPU, SL) is provided which evaluates the measured voltage within a network node unit (SND) and / or under adjacent network node units (SND) to an interruption of the power bus (EB) and / or a faulty switching module (S) out , System according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the voltages of the same network node unit (SND) measured for the two inputs of the power bus (EB) in a network node unit (SND) are compared. System according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the voltages measured for the two inputs of the power bus (EB) in two immediately adjacent network node units (SND) are compared. System according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that
the voltage values measured on a network node unit (SND) can be transmitted via the data bus (CB) to an adjacent network node unit (SND) and / or the higher-order control system (STW). System according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that
a monitoring cycle is provided for the successive and / or simultaneous opening of the two switches for each network node unit (SND) by means of a successive processing of the network node units starting at one of the two feed points (PS1, PS2). System according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that
a monitoring cycle for the successive and / or simultaneous opening of the two switches for each network node unit (SND) by means of a successive execution of the network node units (SND) starting at the voltage center of the power bus (EB) lying network node unit (SND4) and then in two-sided extension to the Feed points (PS1, PS2) is provided out. System according to claim 5 or 6,
characterized in that
the monitoring cycle is executed periodically or triggered by a network node units (SND) or by the higher-level control system (STW). System according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that
the industrial plant is a railway network. System according to claim 8,
characterized in that
by means of the decentralized functional units (E) traffic monitoring and traffic control units, in particular signals (S), points (W), axle counter (AC), track circuits, point and line train control elements, are controllable. Method for supplying decentralized functional units (E) with electrical energy arranged in an industrial installation, wherein: a) a higher-level control system (STW) is provided, which exchanges information with the decentralized functional units (E) by means of data telegrams via a data bus (CB, NB1, NB2), b) network node units (SND) are arranged sequentially between two feed points (PS1, PS2) of a ring-shaped power bus (EB), which provide the decentralized functional units (E) access to the power bus (EB) and optionally also to the data bus (CB), c) the network node units (SND) have a controllable switching module (S) which comprises a first switch (S1) and a second switch (S2), wherein the two switches (S1, S2) each have access to the two feed points (S) PS1, PS2) is switched, d) the first switch (S1) and / or the second switch (S2) is selectively opened and a voltage dropping to the input of the network node unit (SND) is measured; and e) an evaluation module (CPU, SL) is provided which evaluates the measured voltage within a network node unit (SND) and / or under adjacent network node units (SND) to an interruption of the power bus (EB) and / or a faulty switching module (S) out , Method according to claim 10,
characterized in that
the voltages of the same network node unit (SND) measured for the two inputs of the power bus (EB) in a network node unit (SND) are compared. Method according to claim 10 or 11,
characterized in that
the voltages measured for the two inputs of the power bus (EB) in two immediately adjacent network node units (SND) are compared. Method according to one of claims 10 to 12,
characterized in that
the voltage values measured on a network node unit (SND) can be transmitted via the data bus (CB) to an adjacent network node unit (SND) and / or the higher-order control system (STW). Method according to one of claims 10 to 13,
characterized in that
a monitoring cycle for successively and / or simultaneously opening the two switches (S1, S2) is provided for each network node unit (SND) by means of a successive execution of the network node units (SND) beginning at one of the two feed points (PS1, PS2). Method according to one of claims 10 to 13,
characterized in that
a monitoring cycle for the successive and / or simultaneous opening of the two switches (S1, S2) for each network node unit (SND) by means of a successive processing of the network node units (SND) starting at the voltage node of the power bus (EB) lying network node unit (SND4) and then is provided in bilateral extension to the feed points (PS1, PS2) out.

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