EP3105269A1 - Procédé de préparation de polymères diéniques porteurs de fonctions phosphorées, produits issus de ce procédé et composition les contenant. - Google Patents
Procédé de préparation de polymères diéniques porteurs de fonctions phosphorées, produits issus de ce procédé et composition les contenant.Info
- Publication number
- EP3105269A1 EP3105269A1 EP15703586.6A EP15703586A EP3105269A1 EP 3105269 A1 EP3105269 A1 EP 3105269A1 EP 15703586 A EP15703586 A EP 15703586A EP 3105269 A1 EP3105269 A1 EP 3105269A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- phosphorus
- poly
- polymer
- diene
- diene polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/24—Incorporating phosphorus atoms into the molecule
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/20—Incorporating sulfur atoms into the molecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/22—Incorporating nitrogen atoms into the molecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F299/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2438/00—Living radical polymerisation
- C08F2438/03—Use of a di- or tri-thiocarbonylthio compound, e.g. di- or tri-thioester, di- or tri-thiocarbamate, or a xanthate as chain transfer agent, e.g . Reversible Addition Fragmentation chain Transfer [RAFT] or Macromolecular Design via Interchange of Xanthates [MADIX]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to polymers, especially elastomers, dienes bearing phosphonate and / or phosphonic functions pendant along the chain and their method of preparation.
- the present invention also relates to rubber compositions containing diene elastomers carrying phosphonate and / or phosphonic functions, especially for application in vehicle tires.
- different strategies are possible. Among these, the introduction of new chemical functions at the end or along the polymer chain is one of the methods used.
- phosphorus polymers have recently gained increasing interest because of their utility in a wide range of applications such as for example fuel cells (J. Fuel Cells, 2005, 5, (3), 355), membranes electrolytes (cation exchange membranes) (J.App.Poly.Sc., 1999, 74, 83), flame retardants (Macromolecules, 1998, 31, 1010, Rhodia Chimie WO 2003076531), dental cement additives (J. Dent Res, 1974, 53, (4), 867), biomaterials (orthopedic applications) (J.
- the phosphonate or phosphonic function of these polymers can be either present in a monomer involved in the copolymerization with the other monomer or monomers constituting the polymer, or be obtained by the post-polymerization modification of the polymer.
- One of the methods of synthesis of diene phosphorus polymers known to those skilled in the art is the post-polymerization chemical modification of diene polymer by free radical grafting of functionalized thiols carrying a phosphorus function.
- AIBN azobisisobutyronitrile
- an increase in the function rate on the polymer involves the use of a larger proportion of functionalised thiols carrying a phosphorus function.
- the present invention addresses this technical problem in that the inventors have developed, during their research, a new method of preparation of diene polymers having a high molar ratio of phosphonate and / or phosphonic functions along the chain, while significantly limiting the evolution of macrostructure of the graft-related polymer with high proportions of functions. Indeed, the inventors have developed a process for preparing diene polymers carrying poly (phosphorus) grafts.
- a first object of the invention is therefore a process for the synthesis of diene polymers carrying poly (phosphorus) grafts by radical grafting of a poly (phosphorus) polymer carrying at the chain end a thiol function on a diene polymer according to the following steps : at. shaking with at least one diene polymer and at least one poly (phosphorus) compound bearing a thiol end-chain function, each solubilized in a solvent, b. heating the homogeneous reaction mixture obtained in the preceding step to the temperature of the grafting reaction, and c. adding the radical initiator concomitantly with one of the steps a) and b) or once the temperature of the grafting reaction is reached.
- the subject of the invention is also a diene polymer carrying poly (phosphorus) grafts, which polymer may be obtained by the process according to the invention.
- the invention also relates to a reinforced rubber composition based on at least one reinforcing filler and a diene elastomer carrying poly (phosphorus) grafts.
- the invention also relates to a tire of which one of its constituent elements comprises a rubber composition according to the invention.
- graft is understood to mean the poly (phosphorus) polymer chain bonded to the backbone of the polymer.
- the term "poly (phosphorus) polymer” is understood to mean a polymer which carries a plurality of phosphorus functions.
- the term "phosphorus”, whether it is the function or the polymer, means that a group or a polymeric unit, as the case may be, comprises at least one phosphonate function. , a phosphonic hemiacide function or a phosphonic diacid function.
- a phosphonic function is used to refer to a phosphonic hemiacide function or a phosphonic diacid function.
- unit of a polymer, any unit derived from a monomer of the backbone of the polymer in question.
- terminal thiol with reference to the poly (phosphorus) polymer is understood to mean carrying a thiol function at one end of the chain.
- the number of moles of these units in the polymer relative to the total number of moles of the units present in said polymer is defined as the molar percentage or percentage of a unit in a polymer.
- the number of moles of graft in the polymer relative to the total number of moles of the diene units present in said starting polymer is defined as the mole rate or mole percentage of a graft in a polymer, or the degree of grafting.
- any range of values designated by the expression "between a and b" represents the range of values from more than a to less than b (i.e. terminals a and b excluded) while any range of values designated by the term “from a to b” means the range from a to b (i.e., including the strict limits a and b).
- grafting yield is defined the amount of grafted thiol derivative relative to the amount of thiol introduced.
- the subject of the invention is therefore a process for synthesizing a polymer of diene polymers carrying poly (phosphorus) grafts, and therefore with high levels of phosphorus functional groups, by radical grafting of a poly (phosphorus) polymer bearing at the end of the chain.
- a thiol function on a diene polymer a thiol function on a diene polymer.
- the poly (phosphorus) polymer carrying a thiol function at the end of the chain may be represented by the formula RP-SH, where R represents an alkyl, acyl, aryl, alkenyl or alkynyl group, a saturated carbon ring. or not, optionally aromatic, a heterocycle, saturated or unsaturated, optionally aromatic; or a polymer chain, and P representing the poly (phosphorus) chain.
- n denotes an integer greater than or equal to 0, provided that when n is not 0, n and m may be identical or different, preferably each greater than 2, and preferably less than 500.
- these groups and rings (i), (ii) and (iii) may be substituted by substituted phenyl groups, substituted aromatic groups or groups: alkoxycarbonyl or aryloxycarbonyl (-COOR '), carboxy (-COOH), acyloxy (- 0 2 CR '), carbamoyl (-CONR' 2 ), cyano (-CN), alkylcarbonyl, alkylarylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, arylalkylcarbonyl, phthalimido, maleimido, succinimido, amidino, guanidimo, hydroxy (-OH), amino (-NR ' 2 ), halogen, allyl, epoxy, alkoxy (-OR '), S-alkyl, S-aryl, groups having a hydrophilic or ionic character such as the alkaline salts of carboxylic acids, the alkaline salts of sulfonic acid, the alkylene polyoxide (POE,
- X and X ' which may be identical or different, representing a hydrogen atom, a halogen or a group R 1 , OR 1 , OCOR 1 , NHCOH, OH, NH 2 , NHR-1, N (R 1) 2>
- Ri is selected from alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkylaryl, alkene or organosilyl, optionally perfluorinated and optionally substituted with one or more carboxyl, epoxy, hydroxyl, alkoxy, amino, halogen or sulfonic groups;
- Y and Y ' which are identical or different, are such that either Y, Y' or both contain at least one phosphorus functional group -P (O) (OR 2 ) (OR 3 ) in which R 2 and R 3 , identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical, optionally haloalkyl.
- alkyl denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl or octyl.
- nonyl decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl or icosyl.
- alkenyl is meant a linear or branched hydrocarbon chain of 2 to 20 carbon atoms comprising one or more double bonds.
- alkynyl is meant a linear or branched hydrocarbon chain of 2 to 20 carbon atoms comprising one or more triple bonds.
- alkynyl groups are alkynyl groups having one triple bond such as-CH 2 -CH 2 -C ⁇ CH.
- cycloalkyl saturated hydrocarbon groups which may be mono-or polycyclic and comprise from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 8. Particularly preferred are monocyclic cycloalkyl groups such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl, cyclodecyl, cycloundecyl and cyclododecyl.
- cycloalkenyl is meant according to the invention a group derived from a cycloalkyl group as defined above, having one or more double bonds, preferably a double bond.
- cycloalkynyl is meant according to the invention a group derived from a cycloalkyl group as defined above, having one or more triple bonds, preferably a triple bond.
- aryl is meant an aromatic mono or bicyclic hydrocarbon group comprising 6 to 10 carbon atoms, such as phenyl or naphthyl.
- alkaryl is meant an alkyl group as defined above, substituted with an aryl group.
- aralkyl is meant an alkyl group as defined above, substituted with an aryl group.
- alkoxy is meant an O-alkyl group generally having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, especially methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy and butoxy.
- heterocyclic group (iii) denotes saturated or preferably unsaturated monocyclic or bicyclic carbon rings having 5 to 12 members and having 1, 2 or 3 endocyclic heteroatoms selected from O, N and S. These are generally derivatives of heteroaryl groups.
- heteroaryl means 5- to 7-membered monocyclic aromatic groups or 6- to 12-membered bicycles comprising one, two or three endocyclic heteroatoms chosen from O, N and S.
- Examples are furyl groups, thienyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl and tazinyl.
- the heterocycle when unsaturated comprises a single double bond.
- unsaturated heterocycles are dihydrofuryl, dihydrothienyl, dihydropyrrolyl, pyrrolinyl, oxazolinyl, thiazolinyl, imidazolinyl, pyrazolinyl, isoxazolinyl, isothiazolinyl, oxadiazolinyl, pyranyl and mono-unsaturated derivatives of piperidine, dioxane, piperazine, trithiane.
- R is as defined in WO 98/58974, WO 00/75207 and WO 01/42312 (definition of R, WO 98/01478 and WO 99/31144 (definition of R)). or WO 02/26836 (definition of Ri).
- R is more particularly a cyanomethyl group CNCH 2 -, 1 -phenylethyl CH 3 (C 6 H 5 ) CH- or methylpropionyl CH 3 (CO 2 CH 3 ) CH-.
- the mole fraction of monomer units of the poly (phosphorus) polymer having X and X ' may be zero, and generally ranges from 0 to 0.5, preferably from 0 to 0.25, more preferably from 0 to 0.1.
- the monomers from which the units carrying phosphorus functional groups in Y and Y 'that are useful in the present invention are vinyl phosphonic acid, vinyl phosphonic acid dimethyl ester, bis (2-chloroethyl), and the like; vinyl phosphonic acid ester, vinylidene diphosphonic acid, vinylidene diphosphonic acid tetraisopropyl ester, alpha-styrene phosphonic acid, dimethyl-p-vinylbenzylphosphonate, diethyl-p-vinylbenzylphosphonate, dimethyl (methacryloyloxy) methyl phosphonate, diethyl (methacryloyloxy) methyl phosphonate, diethyl-2-
- (Acrylamido) ethylphosphonate more generally, any styrene unsaturated monomer, acrylate or methacrylate, acrylamido or methacrylamido, vinyl or allylic bearing at least one dialkylphosphonate, phosphonic acid or hemiacide-P (OH) (OR) group, or a mixture of these monomers.
- the dimethyl ester of vinylphosphonic acid and dimethyl-p-vinylbenzylphosphonate will be used.
- the polymer carrying a thiol function is poly (phosphorus), it is of course understood that, when m is equal to 1, the - CH 2 - CYY '- unit has more than one phosphorus function - P (O) (OR 2 ) (OR 3 .
- hydrophilic (h) or hydrophobic (H) monomers chosen from the following monomers.
- hydrophilic monomers (h) mention may be made of:
- neutral acrylamido monomers such as acrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide and N-isopropylacrylamide.
- cyclic amides of vinylamine such as N-vinylpyrrolidone and vinylcaprolactam.
- ethylenically unsaturated mono- and di-carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, or fumaric acid.
- ethylenic monomers comprising a sulphonic acid group or an alkali or ammonium salt thereof, for example vinylsulfonic acid, vinylbenzene sulphonic acid, alpha-acrylamidomethylpropanesulphonic acid, or 2-sulphoethylene methacrylate; , or
- the hydrophilic monomeric units (h) are chosen from acrylic acid (AA), dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide, and N-vinylpyrrolidone.
- hydrophobic monomers H
- hydrophobic monomers H
- styrenic derived monomers such as styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, para-methylstyrene or para-tert-butylstyrene, or
- vinyl nitriles containing from 3 to 12 carbon atoms and in particular acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile,
- vinyl esters of carboxylic acids such as vinyl acetate (VAc), vinyl versatate, or vinyl propionate,
- vinyl or vinylidene halides for example vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride and vinylidene fluoride, and
- diene monomers for example butadiene or isoprene.
- the hydrophobic monomer units (H) of the copolymers of the invention are butadiene, isoprene, butyl acrylate and styrene.
- the poly (phosphorus) functional thiol polymer as defined above has an average number of units of at least 2 and at most 1000.
- the poly (phosphorus) functional thiol polymer at the end of the chain may be any homopolymer obtained by polymerization of a monomer carrying at least one phosphorus functional group, or any copolymer of one or more monomers bearing at least one phosphorus functional group between them or with one or more comonomers.
- the poly (phosphorus) functional thiol polymer at the end of the chain can be obtained by controlled RAFT or MADIX (free radical controlled polymerization) of at least one monomer carrying at least one phosphorus functional group in the presence of a source of free radicals and a thiocarbonylthio chain transfer agent of general formula (II):
- (iii) a heterocycle, saturated or unsaturated, optionally aromatic; these groups and rings (i), (ii) and (Ni) may be substituted by substituted phenyl groups, substituted aromatic groups or groups: alkoxycarbonyl or aryloxycarbonyl (-COOR '), carboxy (-COOH), acyloxy (- 0 2 CR '), carbamoyl (-CONR' 2 ), cyano (-CN), alkylcarbonyl, alkylarylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, arylalkylcarbonyl, phthalimido, maleimido, succinimido, amidino, guanidimo, hydroxy (-OH), amino (-NR ' 2 ), halogen, allyl, epoxy, alkoxy (-OR '), S-alkyl, S-aryl, groups having a hydrophilic or ionic character such as the alkaline salts of carboxylic acids, the alkaline salts
- Z is an oxygen atom, a carbon atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom or a phosphorus atom, these atoms being substituted with one, two or three hydrocarbon radicals R ", so as to have a suitable valency, which may comprise at least one heteroatom, such that R "represents a group as defined above for R.
- R and R are as defined in the documents WO 98/58974, WO 00/75207 and WO 01/42312 (definition of Ri respectively R 2 ), WO 98/01478 and WO 99 / 31,144 (definition of R respectively of Z and Ei), or WO 02/26836 (definition of Ri respectively the nitrogen group).
- R is more particularly a cyanomethyl group CNCH 2 -, 1 -phenylethyl CH 3 (C 6 H 5 ) CH- or methylpropionyl CH 3 (CO 2 CH 3 ) CH.
- Z denotes a group OR "with R” denoting a C 1 -C 5 alkyl radical, more preferably dC 2 .
- the RAFT or MADIX polymerization initiator may be chosen from the initiators conventionally used in radical polymerization.
- One of the advantages of the RAFT or MADIX polymerization process is the ability to control the length of the poly (phosphorus) polymer by adjusting the molar ratio of the monomer and the transfer agent.
- the molar ratio of the monomer to the transfer agent is generally at least 2. According to variants of the invention related to the choice of the phosphorus monomer, this ratio is at most 1000.
- the thiol derivative R-P-SH is obtained by chemical modification of this finished thiocarbonylthio product.
- the aminolysis reaction generally carried out with primary or secondary amine compounds.
- the poly (phosphorus) terminated thiol R-P-SH polymer is formed directly by thermolysis of particular thiocarbonylthio groups, for example xanthates derived from secondary alcohol.
- the process for synthesizing a polymer with a high phosphonate and / or phosphonic function by radical grafting of a poly (phosphorus) polymer onto a diene polymer according to the invention consists in grafting poly (phosphorus) polymers carrying a chain end thiol function as defined above for the grafting on unsaturations of the diene polymer.
- diene polymer is meant according to the invention, any polymer in the sense known to those skilled in the art, derived at least in part (ie, a homopolymer or a copolymer) of monomers dienes (monomers carrying two carbon-carbon double bonds , conjugated or not).
- the diene polymers can be classified into two categories: “essentially unsaturated” or “essentially saturated”.
- essentially unsaturated means a diene polymer derived at least in part from conjugated diene monomers, having a level of units or units of diene origin (conjugated dienes) which is greater than 15% (mol%). It is to this category of diene polymers, in particular "essentially unsaturated” elastomers, that the process according to the invention is more particularly directed.
- essentially unsaturated diene elastomers in especially by "highly unsaturated” diene elastomer a diene elastomer having a ratio of units of diene origin (conjugated dienes) which is greater than 50% (mol%).
- substantially saturated means a diene elastomer having a content of units or units of saturated type which is greater than 20% (mol%).
- the units or units of the saturated type may be units of structure equivalent to that obtained from an olefin-type monomer.
- the term “highly saturated” diene elastomer is particularly understood to mean a diene elastomer having a content of units or units of saturated type which is greater than 50% (mol%).
- iene elastomer may be used in the invention:
- any homopolymer obtained by polymerization of a conjugated diene monomer having from 4 to 15 carbon atoms for example butadiene-1, 3, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, 2,3-di (C 1 -C 5 alkyl) -1,3-butadienes such as, for example, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2,3-diethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-3-ethyl 1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-3-isopropyl-1,3-butadiene, aryl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2,4-hexadiene;
- vinylaromatic compounds having from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, for example styrene, ortho-, meta-, para-methylstyrene, para-tert-butylstyrene, alpha-methylstyrene, the commercial "vinyl-toluene" mixture, vinylmesitylene, divinylbenzene, vinylnaphthalene;
- vinyl nitrile monomers having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, for example acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile;
- acrylic ester monomers derived from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with alcohols having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, as for example methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, ethyl-2-hexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, etc. ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate;
- the copolymers may contain between 99% and 20% by weight of diene units and between 1% and 80% by weight of vinylaromatic units, vinyl nitriles and / or acrylic esters.
- the diene elastomers that can be used according to the invention can be obtained according to conventional polymerization techniques well known to those skilled in the art which is a function of the nature, the macrostructure and the microstructure of the elastomer.
- the elastomers may have any microstructure which is a function of the polymerization conditions used, in particular the presence or absence of a modifying and / or randomizing agent and the amounts of randomizing modifying agent used.
- the elastomers can be, for example, block, statistical, sequenced, microsequenced, and be prepared in dispersion, in emulsion or in solution; they may be coupled and / or starred or functionalized with a coupling agent and / or starring or functionalization.
- non-exclusive examples include polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polychloroprene and their hydrogenated versions, polyisobutylene, block copolymers of butadiene and polyisobutylene.
- isoprene with styrene as well as their hydrogenated versions such as poly styrene-b-butadiene (SB), poly styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene (SBS), poly styrene-b-isoprene-b-styrene (SIS) ), poly styrene-b- (isoprene-stat-butadiene) -b-styrene or poly styrene-b-isoprene-b-butadiene-b-styrene (SIBS), hydrogenated SBS (SEBS), poly styrene-b -butadiene-b-methyl methacrylate (SBM), as well as its hydrogenated version (SEBM), random copolymers of butadiene with styrene (SBR) and acrylonitrile (NBR) and their hydrogenated versions, statistical copolymers of isopre
- the diene elastomer (s) used in the invention are very particularly chosen from the group of diene elastomers consisting of polybutadiene (abbreviated as "BR"), synthetic polyisoprene (IR) and natural rubber (NR). ), butadiene copolymers, isoprene copolymers and mixtures of these elastomers.
- BR polybutadiene
- IR synthetic polyisoprene
- NR natural rubber
- Such copolymers are more preferably selected from the group consisting of butadiene-styrene copolymers (SBR), isoprene-butadiene copolymers (BIR), isoprene-styrene copolymers (SIR), isoprene-copolymers of butadiene-styrene (SBIR) and ethylene-butadiene copolymers (EBR), as well as mixtures thereof.
- SBR butadiene-styrene copolymers
- BIR isoprene-butadiene copolymers
- SIR isoprene-styrene copolymers
- EBR ethylene-butadiene copolymers
- the diene elastomer or elastomers used in the process of the invention are chosen from elastomers having a mass ratio of units bearing pendant unsaturation along the chain, in particular of the vinyl type (for example type -1, 2 and -3,4), in the diene part, greater than 20%, preferably at least 40% and more preferably still at least 50%.
- the diene polymer carrying poly (phosphorus) grafts is obtained by the implementation of the following steps: a. shaking at least one diene polymer in solution and at least one poly (phosphorus) polymer carrying a thiol function at the end of the chain in solution, b. heating the homogeneous reaction mixture obtained in the preceding step at the temperature of the grafting reaction, and c. add the radical initiator concomitantly with one of the steps a) and b) or preferably once the temperature of the grafting reaction reached.
- the process according to the invention involves contacting at least one diene polymer in solution and at least one poly (phosphorus) polymer carrying a thiol functional group at the end of the chain in solution. This implies the prior solubilization of the different polymers in appropriate solvents.
- the diene polymer in particular the diene elastomer, is dissolved in a first solvent and is mixed, with stirring, preferably mechanically, with the poly (phosphorus) functionalized thiol polymer at the end of the chain put in solution. in a second solvent.
- the poly (phosphorus) functionalized end-thiol polymer in solution in a solvent is mixed with stirring, preferably mechanically, the diene polymer, in particular the diene elastomer, dissolved in another solvent with stirring.
- the reaction mixture comprises a solvent which is constituted according to the invention of a mixture comprising at least one solvent of the diene polymer and at least one solvent of the poly (phosphorus) polymer.
- the two solvents are miscible.
- the solvents are identical.
- a solvent for the poly (phosphorus) it is possible to use any polar solvent such as a ketone, a sulfoxide, a THF (tetrahydrofuran) type ether or dioxane, a halogenated solvent of chloroform type, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, 1, 2-dichlorobenzene, etc., and mixtures thereof.
- 1,2-dichlorobenzene or THF is used.
- any inert hydrocarbon solvent which may be for example an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon such as pentane, hexane, heptane or iso, may be used according to the process according to the invention.
- a polar ether-type solvent such as THF, dioxane and their mixture.
- methylcyclohexane, toluene or THF is used.
- THF is preferably used.
- One variant of the process of the invention consists in using a mixture of poly (phosphorus) polymers functionalized at the end of the chain as defined above as molecules to be grafted onto the diene polymer.
- the process according to the invention comprises the step of heating the homogeneous reaction mixture obtained in the preceding step to the temperature of the grafting reaction.
- the grafting reaction temperature is at least 20 ° C, preferably at least 50 ° C and even more preferably 60 ° C.
- the grafting reaction temperature is at most 120.degree. C., preferably at most 100.degree. C. and even more preferably at most 90.degree.
- the process according to the invention comprises the step of adding a radical initiator, which, once the temperature of the grafting reaction is reached, results in the grafting of the poly (phosphorus) functionalized thiol polymer at the end of the chain onto the units. polymer having unsaturations.
- radical initiator any initiator known to those skilled in the art can be used according to the invention. There may be mentioned, for example, azobisisobutyronitrile or alternatively peroxides in a general manner such as lauroyl peroxide or peroxypivalate.
- the radical initiator may be added, in part or in whole, to the reaction mixture at any time of steps a), b) or once the grafting temperature has been reached.
- the addition of the radical initiator after heating the medium, once the grafting temperature has been reached, constitutes a preferred variant of the process of the invention.
- the radical initiator may be added to the reaction mixture in any customary form, however, preferably in the form of a solution in a solvent.
- the solvent of the radical initiator is identical to at least one of the polar and apolar solvents used to solubilize respectively the polymer to be grafted and the diene elastomer.
- a solvent there may be mentioned THF.
- the molar ratio of the poly (phosphorus) terminated thiol polymer to the radical initiator is at least 5, preferably at least 10, or even at least 45, and is at most 100, preferably at most 60. More preferably still, the The molar ratio of the poly (phosphorus) terminated thiol polymer to the radical initiator is at least 45 and at most 55.
- the amount of total solvent, or solvent of the reaction medium is such that the mass concentration of elastomer is between 1 and 50%, preferably between 2 and 20% and even more preferably between 3 and 10% in said solvent.
- the grafting reaction is carried out according to a mechanism known to those skilled in the art of thiol-ene reaction, ie a hydrothiolation of a carbon-carbon double bond.
- the variants and the preferred aspects described above are combinable with each other.
- a certain percentage of double bonds carried by the diene polymer was consumed by the reaction, essentially the pendant double bonds along the chain, in particular the double bonds of vinyl origin.
- the final polymer is characterized by its molar fraction in phosphorus functional groups, itself linked to the molar fraction of poly (phosphorus) grafts as well as to the degree of polymerization of the poly (phosphorus) graft.
- the radical grafting method according to the invention can be carried out continuously or discontinuously.
- the reaction is stopped in a conventional manner known to those skilled in the art, for example by adding to the grafted elastomer obtained an antioxidant, such as 4,4'-methylene- bis-2,6-tert-butylphenol or any other suitable agent.
- an antioxidant such as 4,4'-methylene- bis-2,6-tert-butylphenol or any other suitable agent.
- This antioxidant may be added as a solution in an organic solvent, such as toluene or methylcyclohexane, which is then evaporated.
- the phosphonate functions can advantageously be converted by methods those known to those skilled in the art, in part or in whole, phosphonic acid functions (for example by reaction with TMSiBr / MeOH) or phosphonic hemiacide functions (for example by reaction with sodium iodide Nal)
- phosphonic acid functions for example by reaction with TMSiBr / MeOH
- phosphonic hemiacide functions for example by reaction with sodium iodide Nal
- Another object of the invention is the grafted diene polymer bearing poly (phosphorus) grafts along the chain that can be synthesized by the method described above.
- the grafted diene polymer according to the invention comprises a main chain derived from the diene polymer and side chains, or grafts, derived from the poly (phosphorus) terminated thiol polymer.
- the grafted diene polymer corresponds to formula (III):
- G represents the poly (phosphorus) graft derived from the poly (phosphorus) terminated thiol polymer of formula I described above, and
- i the number of grafted units.
- P represents the polymer chain derived from the diene polymer. The latter is as described above, encompassing all its variants.
- G represents the poly (phosphorus) graft derived from the poly (phosphorus) terminated thiol polymer described above. G comprises the sulfur atom that binds it to the polymer. According to variants, G encompasses all the variant definitions of formula I relating to R and the monomer units from which the poly (phosphorus) polymer is derived.
- i represents the number of grafted units. It is a number at least equal to 1. According to one variant of the invention, i is at most equal to 10,000 in the same graft polymer molecule.
- the polymer according to the invention has the particularity of being able to contain a high level of phosphorus functions. Indeed, the molar fraction in phosphorus functions, depends on the molar fraction of poly (phosphorus) grafts, as well as the degree of polymerization of the poly (phosphorus) part of the graft.
- the degree of polymerization of the poly (phosphorus) portion of the graft varies from 2 to 500.
- the molar fraction of poly (phosphorus) grafts is itself dependent on the yield of the grafting reaction and the unsaturations rate.
- the molar ratio of poly (phosphorus) grafts relative to the diene portion of the diene polymer is at least 0.05%, from preferably 0.2% and even more preferably 0.3%, and it is at most 30%, preferably 15% and even more preferably 10%.
- the diene polymers carrying poly (phosphorus) grafts according to the invention can be used as such or in mixtures with one or more other compounds.
- the presence of phosphonate or phosphonic groups along the chain makes it possible to envisage use in applications similar to those of modified diene polymers in general, and polymers bearing phosphonate or phosphonic functions in particular.
- the graft polymer according to the invention makes it possible to envisage its use in the manufacture of various products based on reinforced rubber.
- Another object of the invention is therefore a rubber composition comprising a reinforcing filler and an elastomer as described above or prepared by radical grafting according to the method described above.
- the rubber composition according to the invention has the characteristic of comprising a reinforcing filler, for example carbon black, a reinforcing inorganic filler such as silica with which a coupling agent is associated in known manner, or a mixture of these two types of load.
- a reinforcing filler for example carbon black
- a reinforcing inorganic filler such as silica with which a coupling agent is associated in known manner, or a mixture of these two types of load.
- the reinforcing filler is predominantly other than carbon black, that is to say that it preferably comprises more than 50% by weight of the total weight of the filler, one or several fillers other than carbon black, especially a reinforcing inorganic filler such as silica, or it consists exclusively of such a filler.
- carbon black when carbon black is also present, it may be used at a level of less than 20 phr, more preferably less than 10 phr (for example between 0.5 and 20 phr, in particular between 2 and 10 phr).
- the content of total reinforcing filler is between 10 and 200 phr, more preferably between 30 and 150 phr, the optimum being in a known manner different according to the particular applications targeted.
- Another characteristic of the rubber composition according to the invention is to comprise the grafted diene polymer carrying poly (phosphorus) grafts.
- the composition may, in addition to this graft polymer, comprise at least one conventional diene elastomer.
- diene elastomers are then present in the elastomer matrix in proportions of between 0 and 60 phr (the limits of this range being excluded), preferably at most 50 phr, even more preferably at most 30 phr.
- the mass fraction of the diene polymer grafted in the elastomeric matrix is predominant and preferably greater than 40 phr; more preferably still this rate is at least 50 phr, in particular at least 70 phr.
- BR polybutadienes
- PI polyisoprenes
- SBR butadiene-styrene copolymer
- BIR isoprene-butadiene copolymers
- SIR isoprene-styrene copolymer
- SBIR isoprene-butadiene-styrene copolymers
- the conventional diene elastomer may be star-shaped, coupled, functionalized or otherwise, in a manner known per se, by means of functionalising, coupling or starring agents known to man
- the rubber compositions in accordance with the invention may also comprise all or part of the usual additives normally used in elastomer compositions intended for the manufacture of tires, such as for example, pigments, protective agents such as anti-ozone waxes, chemical antiozonants, anti-oxidants, anti-fatigue agents, reinforcing or plasticizing resins, acceptors (for example phenolic novolac resin) or methylene (for example HMT or H3M) as described for example in the application WO 02/10269, a crosslinking system based on either sulfur, or sulfur and / or peroxide donors and / or bismaleimides, accelerators of vulcanization, vulcanization activators, adhesion promoters such as cobalt-based compounds, plasticizing agents, preferably non-aromatic or very weakly aromatic selected from the group consisting of naphthenic oils, paraffinic oils, MES oils, TDAE oils, ethers plasticizers, ester plasticizers, hydrocarbon resins having a high Tg
- a tire including one of these components comprises a rubber composition based on a grafted diene polymer described above by its structure or its method of synthesis, is also an object of the invention.
- the elastomers are characterized, before cooking, as indicated below.
- the number-average molar masses M n of the polymers as well as their dispersions were obtained by size exclusion chromatography (CES) with tetrahydrofuran (THF) as eluent at 1 ml / min. Calibration is carried out with polystyrene (PS) standards having molar masses of between 1200 and 512800 g mol-1.
- the CES chain is equipped with a Waters 2414 RI detector and a set of 2 columns (Shodex KF-802.5 and KF-804) thermostatically controlled at 35 ° C.
- the glass transition temperature determination analyzes were carried out with a Netzsch DSC (Phoenix) apparatus.
- An aluminum crucible comprising 5 to 10 mg of sample is deposited on a platinum boat.
- the rate of temperature rise used for all the samples is 10 ° C.min-1.
- the analyzes were conducted under nitrogen.
- the DMVP-C4 monoadduct 250 mg, 7.37 ⁇ 10 -4 mol
- the 1,2-dichlorobenzene solvent 3 ml
- the PDMVP-C4 250 mg, 3.47 ⁇ 10 -4 mol
- the 1,2-dichlorobenzene solvent (3 ml)
- the reaction mixture is degassed with argon for 15 minutes then held at reflux of the solvent (200 ° C.) in the dark and for 15 minutes
- the yield of the thermolysis was 72% (determined by 31 P NMR).
- Example 7 Thermolysis of the DMVP-C4 monoadduct followed by grafting on SBR
- the mixture is cooled and then precipitated in methanol, the polymer is solubilized in dichloromethane and then antioxidized with 1 ml of a solution of A02246 at 10 g / l. then dried under vacuum at 60 ° C.
- the grafting yield is 37.5% (determined by 1 H NMR).
- Table 1 summarizes the characteristics of polymers synthesized by grafting DMVP.
- Example 8 Thermolysis of PDMVP-C4 followed by grafting on SBR
- the oligomer PDMVP-C4 250 mg, 3.47 ⁇ 10 -4 mol
- the solvent 1, 2-dichlorobenzene (3 ml) are introduced into a 50 ml flask surmounted by a condenser and the mixture is degassed at room temperature.
- Table 2 summarizes the characteristics of polymers synthesized by grafting DMVP.
- Table 2 Synthesis of SBR-g-PDMVP by thiol-ene grafting.
- [SBR] 0 1, 3.10 "4 mol L " 1
- [PDMVP-C4] 0 29.2.10 "3 mol L " 1
- Example 8 Compared with the use of a thiol-terminated monophosphonate (Example 7), the grafting of thiol-terminated poly (phosphonates) (Example 8) makes it possible to obtain phosphonate-modified diene polymer having high phosphonate function levels without having to aim for high grafting rates.
- the use of a poly (phosphorus) polymer, in this case poly (phosphonate), bearing a thiol function at the end of the chain makes it possible to overcome the disadvantages associated with the use of the small thiol functionalized phosphonate molecules.
- the use of the poly (phosphonate) polymers makes it possible to obtain a modified diene polymer having a high molar ratio of phosphonate functions along the chain while aiming for low grafting levels and without modifying the final polymer macrostructure. This is illustrated in Table 2, entry 2 of Example 8.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1451037A FR3017388B1 (fr) | 2014-02-11 | 2014-02-11 | Procede de preparation d'elastomeres dieniques porteurs de fonctions phosphorees, produits issus de ce procede et composition les contenant. |
| PCT/EP2015/052702 WO2015121224A1 (fr) | 2014-02-11 | 2015-02-10 | Procédé de préparation de polymères diéniques porteurs de fonctions phosphorées, produits issus de ce procédé et composition les contenant. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3105269A1 true EP3105269A1 (fr) | 2016-12-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15703586.6A Withdrawn EP3105269A1 (fr) | 2014-02-11 | 2015-02-10 | Procédé de préparation de polymères diéniques porteurs de fonctions phosphorées, produits issus de ce procédé et composition les contenant. |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170022296A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3105269A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN105940028A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3017388B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2015121224A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3037588B1 (fr) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-05-19 | Michelin & Cie | Copolymere elastomere thermoplastique a base d'elastomere dienique et de polypropylene, compositions le comprenant et procede de preparation |
| FR3045610B1 (fr) * | 2015-12-21 | 2018-01-05 | Michelin & Cie | Procede de synthese d'un polymere porteur d'au moins un groupe phosphonate, polymere issu de ce procede et composition le contenant |
| FR3056214A1 (fr) * | 2016-09-16 | 2018-03-23 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Composite a base de composant metallique et d'une matrice polymere fonctionnelle. |
| CN109627359B (zh) * | 2017-10-06 | 2021-11-19 | 台橡股份有限公司 | 含硅及磷的改质橡胶及其组合物与制造方法 |
| WO2019102132A1 (fr) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-31 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Composition de caoutchouc |
| JP7146599B2 (ja) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-10-04 | Toyo Tire株式会社 | 変性ジエン系ポリマー及びその製造方法 |
| FR3105237B1 (fr) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-12-30 | Michelin & Cie | Melange maitre a base d’un polymere modifie et d’un additif organophosphore et son procede de fabrication |
| FR3105238B1 (fr) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-12-23 | Michelin & Cie | Melange maitre a base d’un polymere modifie et d’un additif organophosphore et son procede de fabrication |
| EP3992219B1 (fr) | 2020-10-28 | 2025-04-16 | Continental Reifen Deutschland GmbH | Composition de caoutchouc réticulable au souffre comprenant un copolymère greffé |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003074574A1 (fr) * | 2002-03-01 | 2003-09-12 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation | Copolymere hydrogene modifie |
| FR2854404B1 (fr) * | 2003-04-29 | 2005-07-01 | Michelin Soc Tech | Procede d'obtention d'un elastomere greffe a groupes fonctionnels le long de la chaine et compositions de caoutchouc |
| WO2007100719A1 (fr) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-09-07 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Procede de synthese de polymeres a extremites thiol |
| MX2009011209A (es) * | 2007-04-18 | 2009-10-30 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Polimeros aromaticos de monovinilideno mejorados que comprenden polimeros elastomericos funcionalizados con sulfanilsilano. |
| EP2607102B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-21 | 2016-09-14 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Procédé de fabrication de polymère greffé, polymère greffé obtenu grâce à ce procédé et pneumatique |
-
2014
- 2014-02-11 FR FR1451037A patent/FR3017388B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-02-10 EP EP15703586.6A patent/EP3105269A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-02-10 US US15/118,035 patent/US20170022296A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-02-10 WO PCT/EP2015/052702 patent/WO2015121224A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2015-02-10 CN CN201580006314.5A patent/CN105940028A/zh active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| None * |
| See also references of WO2015121224A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2015121224A1 (fr) | 2015-08-20 |
| FR3017388B1 (fr) | 2016-02-12 |
| FR3017388A1 (fr) | 2015-08-14 |
| US20170022296A1 (en) | 2017-01-26 |
| CN105940028A (zh) | 2016-09-14 |
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