EP3099980B1 - Oven - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an oven.

Nowadays, ovens are supposed to provide a variety of different functions. First and foremost, the oven must be heat-resistant in order to withstand the temperatures that occur during baking or cooking. Water vapor escaping from the food during baking or cooking must not damage the oven. Customers also want automatic self-cleaning, such as ecolysis or pyrolysis. If residues remain in the oven despite the automatic self-cleaning system, a non-stick coating is beneficial, as it enables the oven to be cleaned manually. Last but not least, the oven or the stovetop should work energy-efficiently.

The EP 2 128 528 A2 describes an oven muffle with a receiving space that is delimited by wall elements. At least one of the wall elements is transparent to infrared radiation or has a region which is transparent to infrared radiation. In the area of the outer surface of the wall element facing away from the receiving space, a reflection element which reflects infrared radiation is arranged.

The EP 2 196 735 A2 describes a muffle for a cooking appliance which comprises a frame-like muffle front in which a loading opening is formed. Furthermore, the muffle comprises two side walls which are connected to the muffle front, at least one side wall having at least one connecting element which is an element for creating a releasable connection between the side wall and a cover of the muffle.

The WO 2013/152411 A1 describes an oven with walls, wherein at least one of the walls is made of a high-strength carbon steel that is coated.

The DE 198 13 787 A1 describes an oven with a metal oven muffle which can be closed at the front by a door, the muffle walls of which are assigned to heating elements for heating the cooking space to over about 180 ° C. or the food to be cooked therein. The oven includes the muffle walls at least on the inside covering protective layer. In order to improve the performance properties of the oven muffle, the thickness of the protective layer is less than about 30 µm.

One object of the present invention is to provide an approach which allows the diverse requirements and operating modes of an oven to be met in the best possible way.

Accordingly, an oven with at least a first and a second flat wall part is proposed. The first flat wall part has a first material defining a surface function of the first flat wall part. The second flat wall part has a second material defining a surface function of the second flat wall part. The first and second material have a different surface function, the first and second material each being a coating applied to a carrier material, the coatings being produced in different processes, one of the flat wall parts being a bottom of the oven, with one under the bottom Surface heating is provided in the form of a coating, and the first flat wall part and the second flat wall part are separate parts which are connected to one another in a form-fitting, non-positive or material-locking manner to form the oven.

One idea on which the present invention is based is to provide an oven with at least two flat wall parts which fulfill different surface functions. This allows different functions to be easily integrated into the oven.

According to the invention, the first and second flat wall parts are separate parts which are connected to one another in a form-fitting, non-positive or material-locking manner in order to form the oven.

In the present case, a "flat wall part" is to be understood as a flat part, i.e. a part in which the width and length are each a multiple, for example at least ten or at least a hundred times the thickness, which at least partially forms a wall of the oven .

A surface function means an action on a condition or process on the surface of the corresponding flat wall part.

The first or second flat wall part can also have a third material which defines a further (surface) function of the corresponding flat wall part. For example, this can be a heater.

According to one embodiment, the function of the first and second material is selected from the group consisting of: ecolysis, pyrolysis, radiation reflection, radiation emission, non-stick, heating, steam resistance and / or chemical resistance.

"Ecolyse" means the function of decomposing dirt in a temperature range between 260 and 350 ° on a surface adapted for this purpose. The surface has pores in which the atmospheric oxygen can be stored and thus made available for the thermal degradation of the contamination. Suitable surfaces and ecolysis materials are in the DE 101 50 825 A1 described.

During pyrolysis, the oven is heated to at least 400 °. Existing soiling decomposes at this temperature. Glass ceramics, ceramics or enamel are suitable temperature-stable materials. A sol-gel material or a CVD coating (that is, such a coating which is produced by means of gas phase deposition) can provide the temperature resistance required for pyrolysis and the surface properties that are favorable for it. The following materials, for example, can be deposited in the CVD process: SiO2, SiOx, TiO2, Al2O3, DLC, polysiloxanes, amorphous hydrocarbons, fluorinated hydrocarbons.

“Radiation reflection” is to be understood as the proportion of the thermal radiation which is reflected from the first or second material. In the present case, a radiation reflection function means a radiation reflection of at least 30%. With "radiation emission" is meant the function of the first and second material to absorb incident electromagnetic radiation. The emissivity, also known as the emission coefficient, indicates how much radiation the material emits compared to an ideal heat emitter, i.e. a black body. As far as the function of a radiation emission is spoken of, this means that thermal radiation with a wavelength of between 1 and 10 µm at a material temperature between 350 and 600 °, at least greater than 90% is emitted.

By "non-stick" is meant a quality of the first and the second material so that dirt is prevented from being burned into it. Such non-stick materials are correspondingly easy to clean.

The "heating" function means that the first or second material forms surface heating. The surface heating can be APS surface heating or PEMS surface heating. APS surface heating is understood to mean, in particular, surface heating in which the dielectric and the heating conductor are applied to substrates by means of atmospheric plasma spraying. PEMS surface heating systems are, in particular, surface heating systems in which the dielectric consists of enamel, onto which the heating conductor tracks are printed in the form of a layout using a screen printing process.

By "steam resistance" is meant that the material in question cannot be damaged by steam.

“Chemical resistance” means, in particular, resistance to chemicals commonly used in the household, as well as food and food degradation products.

According to one embodiment, the first and second material have a different chemical composition.

This means that the first and second material differ in their ratio or structural formula.

According to a further embodiment, the chemical composition of the first and second material is selected from the group consisting of: enamelling steel, chrome steel, stainless steel, stainless steel, hot-dip aluminized sheet, aluminum, ceramic, glass ceramic, enamel, PTFE, sol-gel material and / or Ecolysis material. For example, stainless steel can perform the functions of radiation reflection, radiation emission, and steam resistance and provide chemical resistance. The same applies to eluxized aluminum, in particular hot-dip aluminized sheet metal.

Glass ceramic can, for example, provide the functions of pyrolysis, steam resistance and chemical resistance.

Ceramic can in particular provide the functions of pyrolysis, radiation emission, steam resistance and chemical resistance.

For example, colored enamel on enamelling steel can provide the functions of pyrolysis, radiation emission, steam resistance and chemical resistance.

For example, transparent enamel on stainless steel can provide the functions of pyrolysis, radiation reflection, steam resistance and chemical resistance.

PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) can, for example, provide the functions of non-stick and chemical resistance.

A ceramic non-stick layer can, for example, provide the function of non-stick and chemical resistance, just like sol-gel material, which is intended as a non-stick material.

Tarnish protection made from sol-gel material can, for example, provide the functions of pyrolysis and radiation reflection. A tarnish protection layer prevents the discoloration of stainless steel, which occurs through oxidation of the stainless steel surface from approx. 200 ° C.

For example, tarnishing protection produced using the CVD process (gas phase coating process) can provide the functions of pyrolysis and radiation reflection.

An Ecolyse material, such as in the DE 101 50 825 A1 can provide the ecolysis function. For example, the Ecolysis material can have a structure of porous particles and a binder, the porous particles having no solid or liquid second phase in their pores. The porous particles can be metal oxides, carbides or nitrides.

The first and second material each form a coating, the coatings being produced in different processes.

This represents a further possibility of producing two flat wall parts with different surface functions in a simple manner.

According to a further embodiment, the different methods are selected from the group consisting of: electrostatic coating, dipping, knife coating, spraying, gas phase deposition and / or printing.

For example, the enamel can be applied to an enamelling steel in a powder enamelling process, in particular an electrostatic powder enamelling process, wet coating process or dipping process.

According to the invention, the first flat wall part has a carrier material and at least one coating, the coating being formed from the first material.

According to the invention, the second flat wall part has a carrier material and at least one coating, the coating being formed from the second material.

According to a further embodiment, the first and second flat wall parts are selected from the group consisting of: flange, cover, base, first side wall, second side wall and / or rear wall. For example, a first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth material can be assigned to the flange, the ceiling, the floor, the first side wall, the second side wall and the rear wall, these Materials each provide different surface functions. As a rule, however, the first and second side walls will preferably be provided with the same surface function.

According to a further embodiment, the first and second flat wall parts are connected to one another by means of assembly, screwing, riveting, shaping, welding, soldering and / or gluing.

The first and second flat wall parts should therefore each initially be provided with the first or second material and only then be connected to one another to form the oven.

Furthermore, an oven with the oven described above is provided.

Furthermore, a method for producing the oven described above or the oven described above is provided. In the method, the first and second flat wall parts are first formed with the first and second material. Thereafter, the first and second flat wall parts are connected to one another to produce the oven, the first and second material each being a coating applied to a carrier material, the coatings being produced in different processes, one of the flat wall parts being a bottom of the oven, with under The floor is provided with a surface heating in the form of a coating, and the first flat wall part and the second flat wall part are separate parts which are positively, non-positively or materially connected to one another to form the oven.

The oven is a household appliance.

According to one embodiment, the first flat wall part is provided with a coating of the first material and the second flat wall part with a coating of the second material before the first and second flat wall part are connected to one another to form the oven.

The features and embodiments described for the oven apply accordingly to the method for manufacturing the oven.

• Fig. 1 zeigt in einer perspektivischen Darstellung eine Explosionsansicht eines Backrohrs gemäß einer Ausführungsform;
• Fig. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt II-II aus Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 zeigt einen Schnitt III-III aus Fig. 1;
• Fig. 4 zeigt einen Schnitt IV-IV aus Fig. 1;
• Fig. 5 zeigt einen Schnitt V-V aus Fig. 1;
• Fig. 6 zeigt einen Schnitt VI-VI aus Fig. 1;
• Fig. 7 zeigt einen Schnitt aus Fig. 1 gemäß einer Ausführungsform, die nicht zum Schutzumfang gehört; und
• Fig. 8 zeigt in einer perspektivischen Ansicht das Backrohr aus Fig. 1 im zusammengefügten Zustand.

Further advantageous configurations and aspects of the invention are the subject matter of the subclaims and the exemplary embodiments of the invention described below. In the following, the invention is explained in more detail on the basis of preferred embodiments with reference to the attached figures.

• Fig. 1 shows a perspective illustration of an exploded view of an oven according to an embodiment;
• Fig. 2 shows a section II-II from Fig. 1 ;
• Fig. 3 shows a section III-III from Fig. 1 ;
• Fig. 4 shows a section IV-IV Fig. 1 ;
• Fig. 5 shows a section VV Fig. 1 ;
• Fig. 6 shows a section VI-VI Fig. 1 ;
• Fig. 7 shows a section from Fig. 1 according to an embodiment which is not part of the scope of protection; and
• Fig. 8 shows the oven from in a perspective view Fig. 1 in the assembled state.

In the figures, elements that are the same or have the same function have been provided with the same reference symbols, unless otherwise stated.

Fig. 1 shows schematically indicated an oven 10 with an oven 20 shown in an exploded view. The oven 10 is designed as a domestic appliance.

The oven 20 comprises a rear wall 1, a floor 2, two opposing side walls 3, a ceiling 4 and a flange 5. The flange 5 delimits an opening 6 which allows access to the interior 7 of the oven 20 when the oven 10 is in operation . Among other things, a door (not shown) for closing and releasing the opening 6 is fastened to the flange 5, for example.

The rear wall 1, the floor 2, the side walls 3, the ceiling 4 and the flange 5 are each designed as flat wall parts.

According to the in Fig. 2 Section II-II shown is composed of the rear wall 1 from a carrier material 1a and a coating 1b. The coating 1b points towards the interior 7. The coating 1b is applied prior to joining the in Fig. 1 Parts 1-5 shown are applied to the carrier material 1a. The coating 1b has a material that defines the surface function (in relation to the interior space 7).

The above applies accordingly to the Fig. 3-6 , where "a" indicates the substrate and "b" indicates the coating.

Returning to Fig. 2 , for example, the carrier material 1a can be an enamelling steel. The coating 1b can be a colored enamel with which the enamelling steel is coated. Electrostatic coating, dipping, spraying and / or printing, for example, come into consideration as the coating method. The coating 1b thereby provides the functions of pyrolysis, steam resistance and chemical resistance.

Fig. 3 shows a section III-III from Fig. 1 . The carrier material 2a is designed here as enamelling steel, which is provided with a coating 2b in the form of Ecolysis material. With regard to the possible coating processes, what has been stated above regarding coating processes applies here and below. The Ecolyse material has, for example, a structure of porous particles and a binder. The porous particles can, for example, SiO ₂ , TiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , ZrO ₂ , SiC, Si ₃ N ₄ , C, B ₂ O ₃ , preferably γ-Al ₂ O ₃ , be. The binder can be inorganic, in particular an inorganic polymer such as silicone resin or an inorganic sol, an open-cell or dense glass, a polymeric phosphate, a silicate, a clay or water glass. A local ecolysis is thus provided by the coating 2b. A surface heating 2c, in particular an APS surface heating or PEMS surface heating, is provided under the floor 2. The surface heating 2c is also provided here in the form of a coating. The floor 2 accordingly has the heating function.

Fig. 4 shows a section IV-IV Fig. 1 . The following statements refer to the in Fig. 1 Side panel shown on the right, but can also be used for the in Fig. 1 Side part 3 shown on the left are valid.

The side part 3 is composed of a carrier material 3a and a coating 3b. The carrier material 3a can be aluminum. The coating 3b can be an oxide layer which is formed by anodizing the carrier material 3a.

The coating 3b here has the functions of radiation reflection, radiation emission, steam resistance and chemical resistance. The side walls 3 produced in this way are advantageous over steel parts, for example, since they have an energy-saving effect due to their radiation reflection and radiation emission. In addition, the side parts 3 are thermally less stressed, so that it is harmless to use aluminum or aluminum oxide at this point.

Fig. 5 shows a section VV Fig. 1 . The ceiling 4 comprises a carrier material 4a and a coating 4b. The carrier material 4a is, for example, stainless steel and the coating 4b is a transparent enamel.

The coating 4b thus provides the functions of pyrolysis and radiation reflection.

Fig. 6 shows a section VI-VI Fig. 1 . The flange 5 comprises a carrier material 5a and a coating 5b. Stainless steel, for example, can be provided as the carrier material 5a and a CVD tarnish protection can be provided as the coating 5b.

The coating 5b thus provides tarnish protection.

Fig. 7 now shows an embodiment that does not belong to the scope of protection, the rear wall 1, the bottom 2, the side wall 3, the ceiling 4 and / or the flange 5 being formed exclusively from the functional material. For example, all or only some of the parts 1-4 can be made from a solid material, for example from glass ceramic or ceramic. Alternatively, it is also conceivable, for example, to manufacture the floor 2, the side walls 3 and the ceiling 4 from solid stainless steel.

Furthermore, the side walls 3 could be provided with a coating 3b in the form of a non-stick material, for example PTFE, a ceramic non-stick layer or a sol-gel non-stick material.

Tabelle 2 zeigt nachfolgend besonders vorteilhafte Funktionskombinationen für das Backrohr aus Fig. 1. Die jeweils links neben dem "+" stehende(n) Ziffer(n) bezieht sich auf die links gezeigte Funktion. Die rechts neben dem "+" stehende(n) Ziffer(n) beziehen sich auf die oberhalb dargestellte Funktion.

Using Table 1, materials are shown below which can fulfill the desired functions as a coating, carrier material or solid material. The numbers 1 - 5 agree with the in Fig. 1 Wall flat parts shown match.

Table 2 below shows particularly advantageous functional combinations for the oven Fig. 1 . The digit (s) to the left of the "+" refers to the function shown on the left. The digit (s) to the right of the "+" relate to the function shown above.

For example, the floor 2 can provide an ecolysis function, while the rear wall 1, the side walls 3 and the ceiling 4 provide a pyrolysis function.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the side walls 3 and the ceiling 4 can provide a pyrolysis function, while the floor 2 provides radiation reflection.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the floor 2 provides an ecolysis function, while the rear wall 1, the side walls 3 and the ceiling 4 each provide a non-stick function. These functions can also be interchanged, so that the rear wall 1, the side walls 3 and the ceiling 4 provide the pyrolysis function and the base 2 the non-stick function.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the floor 2 and the ceiling 4 see the pyrolysis function and the rear wall 1, the floor 2, the side walls 3 and the ceiling 4 see the Heating function. The heating surfaces on the rear wall 1, side walls 3 and ceiling 4 - in addition to the heating surface 2c assigned to the floor 2 - can increase the heating rate and reduce the maximum temperature, which leads to energetic advantages. The heating of the rear wall 1 can be used, for example, to heat the circulating air, in particular if the rear wall 1 is coated with a catalytic system, for example with an Ecolysis material, for the purpose of catalytic circulating air purification.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the floor 2 and the ceiling 4 ensure a reflection of radiation, while the rear wall 1 and the ceiling 4 provide the heating function.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the floor 2 and the ceiling 4 provide the radiation emission function and at the same time also provide the heating function. According to a further exemplary embodiment, the base 2 is provided with the non-stick function and the rear wall 1 and the side walls 3 provide the heating function. According to a further embodiment, the rear wall 1, the bottom 2, the side walls 3 and the ceiling 4 are provided with the non-stick function and the flange 5 with the steam resistance function.

The functions described above in connection with Table 2 are achieved by the materials shown in Table 1, for example.

Fig. 8 shows the oven 20 Fig. 1 in an assembled state. The rear wall 1, the floor 2, the side walls 3, the ceiling 4 and the flange 5 are firmly connected to one another here, for example by welding.

Reference symbols used:

1

Back wall

1a

Carrier material

1b

Coating

2

ground

2a

Carrier material

2 B

Coating

3

Side wall

3a

Carrier material

3b

Coating

4th

ceiling

4a

Carrier material

4b

Coating

5

flange

5a

Carrier material

5b

Coating

6th

opening

7th

inner space

10

oven

20th

Oven

Claims (8)

1. Oven (20) having at least one first wall flat part (1-5) which has a first material defining a surface function of the first wall flat part (1-5), and a second wall flat part (1-5) which has a second material defining a surface function of the second wall flat part (1-5), wherein the first and second material have a different surface function, wherein the first and second material are in each case a coating (1b-5b) applied to a carrier material (1a-5a), wherein the coatings (1b-5b) are manufactured in different processes, wherein one of the wall flat parts (1-5) is a bottom (2) of the oven (20), wherein panel heating (2c) in the form of a coating is provided under the bottom (2), characterised in that the first wall flat part (1-5) and the second wall flat part (1-5) are separate parts which are connected to one another in a form-fit, force-fit or material-bonded manner to form the oven (20).
2. Oven according to claim 1, characterised in that the surface function of the first and second material is selected from the group consisting of: pyrolysis, radiation reflection, radiation emission, non-stick, heating, steam resistance and/or chemical resistance.
3. Oven according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the first and second material have a different chemical composition.
4. Oven according to one of claims 1-3, characterised in that the different processes are selected from the group consisting of electrostatic coating, dipping, knife coating, spraying, vapor deposition and/or printing.
5. Oven according to one of claims 1-4, characterised in that the first and second wall flat part (1-5) is formed from the group consisting of: flange, lid, bottom, first side wall, second side wall and/or rear wall.
6. Oven according to one of claims 1-5, characterised in that the first and second wall flat parts (1-5) are connected to one another by means of assembly, screwing, riveting, forming, welding, soldering and/or gluing.
7. Baking oven (10) having an oven (20) according to one of claims 1-6.
8. Method for manufacturing an oven (20) according to one of claims 1-6 or a baking oven (10) according to claim 7, wherein the at least first and second wall flat parts (1-5) are first formed with the first and second material and thereafter are connected to one another to produce the baking oven (20), wherein the first and second material are in each case a coating (1b-5b) applied to a carrier material (1a-5a), wherein the coatings (1b-5b) are manufactured in different processes, wherein one of the wall flat parts (1-5) is a bottom (2) of the oven (20), wherein panel heating (2c) in the form of a coating is provided under the bottom (2), and wherein the first wall flat part (1-5) and the second wall flat part (1-5) are separate parts which are connected to one another in a form-fit, force-fit or material-bonded manner to form the oven (20).

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