EP3096107B1 - Breech mechanism for a rifle - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a closure for a rifle and a rifle with such a closure.

From the US 4 161 836 A is a generic closure for an automatic firearm known. This contains a within a cylindrical control piece axially displaceable closure block with a recess in which a locking block between an unlocked position and a locking position is pivotally mounted. In a backward movement of the control piece falls a front leg of the locking block in a radial bore of the control piece, whereby the locking block passes into a pivoted down unlocking position. In a lateral bore of the cylindrical control piece cooperating with the locking block locking block lever is inserted. By the shutter block lever, the bolt block is held in its unlocked position during a backward movement of the control piece.

The object of the invention is to provide a simply disassembled or mountable closure and a rifle with such a closure. This object is achieved by a closure with the features of claim 1 and by a rifle with the features of claim 10. Advantageous developments and advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

In the case of the closure according to the invention, the closure body provided with an extractor on the front side has a control opening with an unlocking ramp and the control element designed as a connector interacts with the unlocking ramp on the closure body to displace it from an upper locking position into a lower unlocking position. The control can thus be easily pulled out or reinserted, whereby the disassembly or assembly of the closure is considerably simplified.

The control can be advantageously designed in the form of an easily plugged in and also easily disassembled pin. On the control can also be arranged a closure handle. As a result, the control can be easily pulled out and thus the closure can be easily disassembled if necessary. In addition, the control can also form part of the closure handle, whereby the number of required parts can be reduced.

The closure actuating device preferably has two mutually parallel push rods, between which the control element is detachably arranged. For secure mounting of the control and to prevent unwanted disassembly can be arranged in one of the push rods expediently a disassembly backup. The disassembly fuse may include a security pin arranged at right angles to the control element, which can be displaced between a securing position holding the control element and a disassembly position releasing the control element.

The control can also control the movement of the closure body into the locking position. On the closure body but other controls can be arranged for movement in the locking position. Thus, the closure body may e.g. Also include laterally projecting lugs, which cooperate with locking ramps on the push rods of the shutter actuator for moving the closure body in the locking position.

On the closure body may be arranged a radially movable sleeve holder. Through the sleeve holder, the cartridge case can be kept in a particularly convenient manner even in the height of the cartridge chamber, when the closure body moves transversely to the longitudinal axis of the barrel from the upper locking position to the lower unlocking position.

The invention also relates to a rifle comprising a system box or closure housing, a gun barrel detachably mounted to the closure housing, and a closure as described above. The shutter actuator of Closure can be guided displaceably between upper guide surfaces on the closure housing and lower guide surfaces on the gun barrel.

The rifle barrel can expediently a mounted on the closure housing and firmly connected to this rear part and a freely projecting from the closure housing front part without fixed connection to a fore-housing attached only to the closure housing. As a result, the dismantling run can be easily removed without disassembling the forearm. There are no connections at the front of the barrel to be solved and the barrel does not have to be pulled out of a barrel holder. Also for mounting the barrel can be easily placed on the closure housing and connected to this. Thus, a simpler dismantling of the self-loading rifle can be achieved.

Figur 1

einen Teillängsschnitt eines Gewehrs mit einem Verschlussgehäuse und einem Teil eines Gewehrlaufs;

Figur 2

einen Verschluss des in Figur 1 gezeigten Gewehrs mit einer Verschlussbetätigungseinrichtung und einem Versschlusskörper in einer Perspektive;

Figur 3

die Verschlussbetätigungseinrichtung des in Figur 2 gezeigten Verschlusses in einer Perspektive;

Figur 4

den Verschlusskörper des in Figur 2 gezeigten Verschlusses in einer Perspektive;

Figur 5

eine Teilansicht des Gewehrs von Figur 1 mit dem Verschluss in einer Verriegelungsstellung;

Figur 6

einen Querschnitt des Gewehrs von Figur 1 mit dem Verschluss in einer Verriegelungsstellung;

Figur 7

eine Teilansicht des Gewehrs von Figur 1 mit dem Verschluss in einer Entriegelungsstellung;

Figur 8

einen Querschnitt des Gewehrs von Figur 1 mit dem Verschluss in einer Entriegelungsstellung;

Figur 9

eine Demontagesicherung des Gewehrs von Figur 1;

Figur 10

eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Demontagesicherung von Figur 9 in einer Sicherungsstellung;

Figur 11

eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Demontagesicherung von Figur 9 in einer Demontagestellung;

Figur 12

einen Teillängsschnitt des Gewehrs im Bereich des Patronenlagers mit dem Verschlusskörper in einer Verriegelungsstellung;

Figur 13

einen Teillängsschnitt des Gewehrs im Bereich des Patronenlagers mit dem Verschlusskörper in einer Entriegelungsstellung und

Figur 14

den Verschlusskörper in einer Perspektive von vorne.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1

a partial longitudinal section of a rifle with a closure housing and a part of a gun barrel;

FIG. 2

a closure of the in FIG. 1 shown rifle with a shutter actuator and a closure body in a perspective;

FIG. 3

the shutter actuator of in FIG. 2 Shutter shown in a perspective;

FIG. 4

the closure body of in FIG. 2 Shutter shown in a perspective;

FIG. 5

a partial view of the rifle of FIG. 1 with the closure in a locking position;

FIG. 6

a cross section of the rifle of FIG. 1 with the closure in a locking position;

FIG. 7

a partial view of the rifle of FIG. 1 with the closure in an unlocked position;

FIG. 8

a cross section of the rifle of FIG. 1 with the closure in an unlocked position;

FIG. 9

a disassembly fuse of the rifle of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 10

an enlarged view of the dismantling safety of FIG. 9 in a secured position;

FIG. 11

an enlarged view of the dismantling safety of FIG. 9 in a disassembly position;

FIG. 12

a partial longitudinal section of the rifle in the region of the cartridge chamber with the closure body in a locking position;

FIG. 13

a partial longitudinal section of the rifle in the region of the cartridge chamber with the closure body in an unlocked position and

FIG. 14

the closure body in a perspective from the front.

In FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal section of a rifle executed here as a gas pressure rifle with a system box or closure housing 1, attached to the closure housing 1 gun barrel 2 and a forearm 3 shown. On the closure housing 1, a guide rod 4 protruding forwardly as viewed in the weft direction and parallel to the axis of the barrel of the gun barrel is fastened. On the forward freely cantilevered and not attached to the gun barrel 2 guide rod 4 is in the Figures 2 and 3 shown in different perspectives and explained in more detail below shutter actuation device 5 for movement of a closure body 6 slidably guided. On the guide rod 4, a shutter spring 7 is also arranged, via which the shutter actuator 5 is pressed forward. About an external thread 8 at the front free end of the guide rod 4 and provided with a corresponding internal thread threaded sleeve 9 of the fore-end 3 is fixed with its front end seen in the weft direction on the guide rod 4.

How out FIG. 1 As can be seen, the gun barrel 2 has an attachable to the closure housing 1 and firmly connectable with this rear part 10 and a freely projecting from the closure housing 1 front part 11. At the opposite the front part 11 in diameter enlarged rear part 10 of the gun barrel 2 an ejection window 12 is provided for the cartridge ejection. The rear part 10 seen in the weft direction and the front part 11 of the gun barrel 2 are made in one piece in the embodiment shown. However, the two parts 10 and 11 of the gun barrel 2 can also be manufactured as individual parts, put together and firmly connected to each other, for example by soldering or other suitable connection.

For fastening the gun barrel 2 on the closure housing 1, two radially projecting retaining bolts 13 are provided on the resting on the closure housing 1 rear part 10 of the barrel 2. The retaining bolts 13 provided with an external thread can be inserted radially into the rear part 10 of the gun barrel 2 or can be formed directly on the gun barrel 2. The retaining bolts 13 are designed to engage in two juxtaposed bores 14 in a projecting bearing part 15 of the closure housing 1. By means of two nuts 16 accessible from the underside of the closure housing 1, the gun barrel 2 can be fastened to the closure housing 1 via the two retaining bolts 13 with its front part 11 cantilevering forward to the front. On the support part 15 of the closure housing 1 and the rear end of the forearm 3 is attached. In the central region of the barrel 2, a downwardly projecting gas sampling block 17 is provided at the front part 11.

In FIG. 1 It is shown that the gas sampling block 17 has a gas cylinder 18 with a gas discharge opening 19 opening into the barrel 2 and a pressure piston 20 guided axially displaceably in the gas cylinder 18. The pressure piston 20 includes a protruding through a rear bore in the gas sampling block 17 piston rod 21, which with the Closure actuator 5 cooperates to the displacement in the longitudinal direction of the rifle.

The in the Figures 2 and 3 separately shown shutter actuator 5 comprises a slidably guided on the guide rod 4 carrier 22 and two fixed to the carrier 22 via a transverse pin 23 push rods 24. At the rear in the firing direction seen rear free ends of the two rail-shaped push rods 24 is on the upper side one with lateral lugs 25th on the closure body 6 cooperating cam with a recess 26, an obliquely upwardly extending locking ramp 27 and an upper control surface 28 is provided. The push rods 24 designed as rails have in the rear end region opposite thickenings 29 with transverse bores 30 for a control element 31 designed here as a transverse pin. On the pin-shaped control element 31, a laterally projecting locking handle 32 is formed. The carrier 22 includes at its seen in the weft direction front part of a U-shaped cross-section with a receptacle 33 and a rear abutment 34 for the piston rod 21 of the plunger 20. In the upwardly open receptacle 33 of the carrier 22 of the gas extraction block 17 during installation of the gun barrel 2 is easily inserted.

In FIG. 4 the closure body 6 is shown. This has in addition to the laterally projecting lugs 25 on an upwardly projecting locking block 35. At the two lugs 25 and the locking block 35 rear locking surfaces 36 and 37 are provided. At the back of the closure body 6, a striking plate 38 and an ejector 39 are also arranged. Transverse through the closure body 6 extends a continuous control opening 40 with a lower control surface 41 and an obliquely upward unlocking 42nd

By shifting the in FIG. 3 The shutter actuator 5 shown in the longitudinal direction of the self-loading weapon is the in FIG. 4 shown closure body 6 between a in the FIGS. 5 and 6 shown upper locking position and one in the FIGS. 7 and 8 shown lower unlocking position movable.

In the in the FIGS. 5 and 6 shown locking position of the unrecognizable here carrier 22 and the push rods 24 of the guide rod 4 slidably guided and in FIG. 3 separately shown shutter actuator 5 by the clamped between the support member 15 of the shutter housing 1 and the carrier 22 closing spring 7 in the weft direction forward (in FIG. 5 to the left). In this position, the closure body 6 is located with its two lugs 25 on the upper control surface 28 of the push rods 24 and the locking block 35 on the closure body 6 engages in a locking groove 43 on the gun barrel 2 a. The lateral lugs 25 also engage in lateral grooves 44 on the underside of the tunnel-shaped and downwardly open rear tread 12. As a result, a secure mounting of the closure body 6 in the gun barrel 2 is achieved in the locked position. The protruding through the control port 40 pin-shaped control element 31 is in the locking position on the lower control surface 41 of the control port 40.

On the other hand, if the shutter actuating device 5 is pushed backwards in the direction of firing either via the closing handle 32 or the gas pressure during the delivery of a shot against the force of the closing spring 7, the closing body 6 is moved via the pin-shaped control element 31 and the unlocking ramp 42 to the passage opening 40 of the closing body 6 down in the in the FIGS. 7 and 8 shown unlocked position moves. In the lower unlocking position, the lateral projections 25 are disengaged from the lateral grooves 44 and rest in the recess 26 of the push rods 24. Also, the locking block 35 of the closure body 6 is disengaged from the locking groove 43 on the gun barrel 2, so that the closure body 6 can move further to the rear. In this case, the cartridge case by means of a arranged on the front of the closure body 6, in FIG. 14 pulled extractor 55 pulled out of the chamber and over the in FIG. 4 shown ejector 39 are ejected through the ejection window 12.

In the FIGS. 6 and 8th It can be seen that the shutter actuating device 5 is slidably guided via the strip-shaped push rods 24 between upper guide surfaces 45 on the system box or closure housing 1 and lower guide surfaces 46 on the rear part 12 of the gun barrel 2. In the embodiment shown, the closure handle 32 is made in one piece with the pin-shaped control element 31. However, the control element 31 and the closure handle 32 can also be designed as separate parts which are firmly connected to one another.

At the rear end of the left push rod 24 seen in the weft direction of the shutter actuator 5 is a in the FIGS. 9 to 11 Demontagesicherung 47 shown in detail for safe mounting and prevention of unwanted disassembly of the pin-shaped control 31 arranged. The dismantling safety device 47 comprises a locking pin 48 arranged at right angles to the pin-shaped control element 31, which in one also extends into a locking pin 48 FIG. 3 shown, to the top of the push rod 24 open towards blind hole 49 is arranged at the rear end of the left push rod 24 seen in the weft direction.

Like from the FIGS. 10 and 11 it can be seen, the locking pin 48 is within the blind hole 49 via a lateral longitudinal groove 50 and a perpendicular thereto retaining pin 51 between a in FIG. 10 illustrated lower securing position and a in FIG. 11 shown upper disassembly position slidably guided and is pressed by a compression spring 52 upwards in the disassembly position. The locking pin 48 has on its side opposite the longitudinal groove 50 a recess 53 with a matched to the Außenkontor of the control element 31 radius. Also, the pin-shaped control element 31 includes at its end opposite the closure handle 32 a locking pin 48 facing indentation 54, which also in the Figures 5 and 7 is shown. When the gun barrel 2 is mounted, the locking pin 48 of the rear part 12 of the gun barrel 2 in the lower securing position of FIGS. 9 and 10 pressed. The recess 53 on the locking pin 48 is arranged such that it is in the lower securing position of the locking pin 48 below the central axis of the pin-shaped control element 31 and the locking pin 48 engages with its cylindrical upper end in the recess 54 of the pin-shaped control element 31. As a result, pulling out of the pin-shaped control element 31 can be prevented in the lower securing position of the securing pin 48. Only when the gun barrel 2 is removed, the locking pin 48 by the compression spring 52 in the in FIG. 11 get shown disassembly position. The recess 53 in the locking pin 48 is arranged such that it in the disassembly position of FIG. 11 is at the height of the central axis of the pin-shaped control element 31 and thus the pin-shaped control element 31 can be pulled out.

In the FIGS. 12 and 13 It can be seen that on the sleeve bottom 56 of a cartridge case 57 facing the front of the closure body 6, a radially movable sleeve holder 58 is arranged. The sleeve holder 58, which is movable at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the closure body 6, is displaceable on the inside of the sleeve holder 58 between two detent positions via a ball catch with a detent ball 59 arranged in the closure body 6 and acted upon by a spring and two detents 60 and 61. By the sleeve holder 58, the cartridge case 57 is held even in the height of the cartridge chamber, when the closure body 6 transversely to the longitudinal axis of the barrel between the in FIG. 12 shown upper locking position and the in FIG. 13 moved shown lower unlocking position.

The sleeve holder 58 is according to FIG. 14 guided displaceably in a radial groove 62 on the front side of the closure body 6 and has at its radially inner end a bearing surface 63 for resting against the underside of the sleeve bottom 56. In a further radial groove 64 at the front of the closure body 6 and the extractor 55 is guided radially movable.

The above described gas pressure rifle works as follows:
When triggering a shot, a portion of the powder gases is passed through the gas removal hole 19 from the gun barrel 2 into the gas cylinder 18. As a result of the gas pressure derived in the gas cylinder 18, the pressure piston 20 is pushed backwards as viewed in the firing direction. In this case, the shutter actuating device 5 with the carrier 22 and the two push rods 24 is pushed against the force of the closing spring 7 to the rear. By the rearward movement of the two push rods 24, the closure body 6 can move downward, so that the locking block 35 from the locking groove 43 on the gun barrel 2 reach and the closure body 6 can open the chamber in the gun barrel 2 to the rear. During the backward movement of the closure body 6, the empty cartridge case is ejected via the ejection window 12 and the lock is tensioned. Then a new cartridge can be brought over the magazine spring of a magazine on the level of the cartridge chamber. Of the shutter spring 7, the closure body 6 is pressed over the shutter actuator 5 with the carrier 22 and the two push rods 24 forward and thereby the new cartridge in the cartridge chamber. The closure body 6 passes through the locking ramps 27 on the push rods 24 back into the locked position and the shutter is closed. To facilitate the displacement of the closure body 6 in the locking position can at the lugs 25 in FIG. 4 recognizable slopes 65 may be provided with a slope corresponding to the locking ramps 27.

In order to disassemble the gun barrel 2, in the gas-pressure rifle described above, the two accessible from the underside of the closure housing 1 and e.g. be solved with a hexagon socket-shaped sleeve-shaped nuts 16 using a hex wrench. Then the entire gun barrel 2 can be easily removed upwards. There is no prior disassembly of the forearm 3 is required. When the gun barrel 2 is removed, the locking pin 48 of the disassembly fuse 47 also enters the upper disassembly position, so that the pin-shaped control element 31 can be pulled out via the closure handle 32 and the closure body 6 can thereby be dismantled.

Also, for mounting the gun barrel 2 this must be placed only on the closure housing 1 with the fixed over the guide rod 4 forearm 3 so that the two retaining bolts 13 in the holes provided in the support member 15 of the closure housing 1 and the gas extraction block 17 in the Receive receiving 33 of the guided on the guide rod 4 support 22 of the shutter actuator 5. By tightening the nuts 16 of the gun barrel 2 is then fixed. This allows a particularly quick and easy assembly and disassembly of the barrel 2. When the gun barrel 2 is mounted, the locking pin 48 of the disassembly fuse 47 is in the lower securing position, in which withdrawal of the pin-shaped control element 31 is prevented.

The invention is not limited to the gas-pressure rifle described above. It can also be used in other self-loading rifles, repeating rifles or other rifles.

Claims (12)

1. Breech mechanism for a rifle having a closure-actuation device (5) which can be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the rifle and a closure body (6) which contains an extractor (55) on its front side and can be moved by the closure-actuation device (5) between a locking position and an unlocking position, wherein the closure-actuation device (5) is connected to the closure body (6) via a control element (31) which can be moved transversely to the closure body (6) and is designed as a plug connector and which runs through a continuous control opening (40) in the closure body (6), characterisedin that an unlocking ramp (42) is arranged on the control opening (40) and in that the control element (31) cooperates with the unlocking ramp (42) on the closure body (6) for displacement thereof from an upper locking position to a lower unlocking position.
2. Breech mechanism according to claim 1, characterised in that the control element (31) is designed in the form of a pin which can be assembled and dismantled from the outside of the rifle.
3. Breech mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a closure grip (32) is arranged on the control element (31).
4. Breech mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the closure-actuation device (5) contains two connecting rods (24)parallel to one another, between which the control element (31) is arranged.
5. Breech mechanism according to claim 4, characterised in that a dismantling safety mechanism (47) for preventing undesirable dismantling of the control element (31) is arranged in one of the connecting rods (24).
6. Breech mechanism according to claim 5, characterised in that the dismantling safety mechanism (47) contains a securing pin (48) arranged at a right-angle to the control element (31) and which can be displaced between a securing position supporting the control element (31) and a dismantling position releasing the control element (31).
7. Breech mechanism according to claim 6, characterised in that the securing pin (48)within a blind hole (49) is guided to be displaceable over a lateral longitudinal groove (50) and a supporting pin (51) vertical thereto between the securing position and the dismantling position and is pressed into the dismantling position by a compression spring (52).
8. Breech mechanism according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterised in that the closure body (6) contains laterally projecting shoulders (25) which cooperate with locking ramps (27) on the two connecting rods (24) of the closure-actuation device (5) for displacement of the closure body (6) into the locking position.
9. Breech mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that a radially movable sleeve holder (58) is arranged on the closure body (6).
10. Rifle having a closure housing (1), a rifle barrel (2) attached releasably to the closure housing (1) and a breech mechanism, characterised in that the breech mechanism is designed according to one of claims 1 to 9.
11. Rifle according to claim 10, characterised in that the closure-actuation device (5) is guided to be displaceable between upper guide surfaces (45) on the closure housing (1) and lower guide surfaces (46) on the rifle barrel (2).
12. Rifle according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the rifle barrel (2) contains a rear part (12) which can be placed on the closure housing (1) and can be firmly connected to the latter and a front part (10) freely projecting from the closure housing (1) without firm connection to a front stock (3) attached to the closure housing (1).

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