EP3095123A1 - Switching device for switching high electric currents, and battery system comprising such a switching device - Google Patents

Switching device for switching high electric currents, and battery system comprising such a switching device

Info

Publication number
EP3095123A1
EP3095123A1 EP15700013.4A EP15700013A EP3095123A1 EP 3095123 A1 EP3095123 A1 EP 3095123A1 EP 15700013 A EP15700013 A EP 15700013A EP 3095123 A1 EP3095123 A1 EP 3095123A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching device
wire
switching
signaling
working
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15700013.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3095123B1 (en
Inventor
Gergely GALAMB
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3095123A1 publication Critical patent/EP3095123A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3095123B1 publication Critical patent/EP3095123B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/0015—Means for testing or for inspecting contacts, e.g. wear indicator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H2009/0292—Transparent window or opening, e.g. for allowing visual inspection of contact position or contact condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/541—Auxiliary contact devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/30—Means for indicating condition of fuse structurally associated with the fuse
    • H01H85/303—Movable indicating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/30—Means for indicating condition of fuse structurally associated with the fuse
    • H01H85/303—Movable indicating elements
    • H01H85/306—Movable indicating elements acting on an auxiliary switch or contact

Definitions

  • Switching device for switching high electric currents and battery systems with such a switching device
  • the invention relates to a switching device for switching high electrical currents having at least a first normally open contact and at least one second normally open contact, wherein the normally open contacts are spaced apart in a first switching position of the switching device and contact each other in a second switching position of the switching device for conducting an electric current.
  • the invention relates to a battery system with a battery and a battery management system, wherein the battery management system comprises a control unit and at least one separation unit for galvanic isolation of the battery from a consumer and / or a charging device.
  • Input switching devices are known in particular as contactors in the prior art.
  • the publication DE 10 2010 032 456 A1 discloses an electrical contactor with main and auxiliary contacts as working contacts.
  • Such switching devices are used in particular in battery systems of at least partially electrically operated vehicles to, if necessary, for example, a fault in the battery of the battery system or an accident with the vehicle, the battery galvanically from the vehicle or from a charger for recharging the battery separate. If such switching devices, in particular contactors, separate high currents or high currents flow through the working contacts of the switching devices, the so-called burnup of the normally open contacts occurs, in particular when an arc is formed between the working contacts.
  • the normally open contacts wear out over time, which leads to a limited service life of such switching devices. To ensure the full functionality of such a switching device, it must therefore be replaced at certain intervals. It is desirable to know at which time the switching device should be replaced.
  • a switching device for switching high electrical currents comprising at least a first normally open contact and at least a second normally open contact, wherein the normally open contacts are spaced apart in a first switching position of the switching device and contact each other in a second switching position of the switching device for conducting an electric current
  • the switching device for signaling a wear of the normally open contacts comprises at least one wire having a defined melting point, wherein the at least one wire spaced from the at least one first normally open contact and the at least one second normally open contact in the region of an arc can be formed between the working contacts arranged in that the at least one wire, when the melting temperature is exceeded, is formed as a result of formation of an arc between the at least one first working contact and the one at least severed a second normally open contact.
  • the switching device is a contactor, preferably an electromechanical contactor whose working contacts, as known in the art, are controlled by means of a magnetic coil.
  • the working contacts of the switching device can be both main contacts and auxiliary contacts or secondary contacts, in particular main contacts and / or secondary contacts of a contactor as described for example in the document DE 10 2010 032 456 A1.
  • the normally open contacts are preferably arranged on contact carriers, in particular on a base plate and / or a tie rod or a contact carrier plate operatively connected to a tie rod.
  • the normally open contacts can also be designed as double contacts.
  • the at least one wire of the switching device may in particular be made of plastic or metal.
  • a metallic wire is provided.
  • the at least one wire has a having circular cross-section.
  • the wire may also have other cross-sectional shapes, in particular, the wire or at least one of the wires may be a flat wire, a profiled wire or a square wire.
  • the at least one wire held by a holding device is arranged at a distance from the at least one first working contact and the at least one second working contact.
  • the holding device is preferably arranged on the switching device.
  • the holding device can be realized by clamping and / or screw elements.
  • the at least one wire is held at its ends by the holding device, preferably in such a way that the wire is contactless between the ends, that is to say in particular is in contact with the switching device only via the holding device.
  • the at least one wire is therefore advantageously "free-floating.”
  • the at least one wire is arranged in the so-called quenching chamber of a switching device, preferably using an aforementioned holder.
  • the invention utilizes the recognition that an arc damaging the make contacts, which forms when the normally open contacts are disconnected under load, causes a sharp rise in temperature, the temperature correlating with the intensity of the arc being formed.
  • a wire of the switching device is advantageously dimensioned in such a way, in particular with respect to its melting point and material thickness that this melts under the action of forming between the working contacts, the working contacts damaging arc and thereby severed, the severing of the wire advantageously the formation of a damage the working contacts Arc is signaled and / or used for signaling.
  • the switching device comprises at least one further wire with a defined melting point, wherein the melting point of the at least one wire is higher or lower than the melting point of the at least one other wire, and / or the material thickness of the at least one wire larger or is smaller than the material thickness of the at least one other wire.
  • the intensity of an arcing occurred can be signaled.
  • a plurality of wires can thus signal the severity of an action of an arc on the normally open contacts. For example, if only the weakest dimensioned wire destroyed, the severity of the impact was low. By contrast, if, for example, all the wires of different dimensions are severed, this indicates a high intensity of the arc and allows the conclusion that the working contacts were badly damaged.
  • the switching device may comprise two wires, wherein the first wire has a first melting point and a first material thickness and the second wire has a second melting point, which is higher than the first melting point, and a second material thickness, which is greater than the first. Occurs in such a configuration, an arc between the working contacts, so the first wire is cut rather due to the associated with the formation of the arc temperature increase than the second wire. If only the first wire and not the second wire are severed when an arc is formed between the working contacts, the intensity of the arc was lower than when the first wire and the second wire melt and are severed.
  • it allows the intensity of the arc, and thus the determination of which wire or wires were severed, conclusions about the burnup of the normally open contacts to.
  • the at least one wire is mechanically tensioned, preferably by a holding device, in particular between two holders of the holding device.
  • a holding device in particular between two holders of the holding device.
  • the at least one wire can be used particularly well by the mechanical tension of the wire in order to mechanically and / or electrically signal wear of the working contacts, in particular by means of at least one signaling element.
  • the switching device comprises at least one signaling element, which is moved from a first position to a second position when the wire is severed.
  • the signaling that the switching device is to be replaced improved because the signaling here - at least not exclusively - done by the at least one wire is severed, but that the signaling element has been moved from the first position to the second position ,
  • the signaling element is a signaling plate, which is arranged on the wire.
  • the signaling plate is preferably made of a metal or a heat-resistant plastic material.
  • the signaling plate may be disposed by welding to the wire. Due to the mechanical tension of the wire, the signaling plate is advantageously held in a first position. If the wire is severed as a result of the action of temperature of a forming between the working contacts arc, the signaling plate is moved from the first position to a second position. This change from the first position to the second position advantageously signals wear of the working contacts and thus that the switching device is to be replaced.
  • the signaling element is a Signalmaschineskorper, in particular a signaling pin, which is held under bias of the mechanically tensioned wire in the first position, such that the Signaltechnikskorper by severing the wire by releasing the bias of the first Position is spent in the second position.
  • the mechanical wire is connected directly to the Signalmaschineskorper, the Signalmaschineskorper is held against the force of a mechanical spring through the wire in the first position. If the wire is severed, the Signalmaschineskorper is spent by the force of the spring in the second position and thereby signals a wear of the normally-open contacts and thus that the switching device is replaced.
  • the signaling body is arranged such that the signaling body is not visible in the first position, and is visible in the second position, so that the visibility of the signaling body signals that the switching device is to be replaced.
  • the switching device has a guide, in which the Signalmaschineskorper is guided.
  • a recess is provided as a guide, in which the Signalmaschineskorper is guided.
  • the signaling body is in the first position completely arranged in the recess and thus not visible. It is only when changing from the first position to the second position that the signaling body advantageously emerges from the recess, is thus visible and thus signals that the switching device is to be exchanged.
  • the switching device comprises a signaling line with an actuatable by the signaling body switching element, preferably a micro-switch, wherein the switching element is actuated by the signaling body by the transition from the first position to the second position, wherein an actuation of the switching element electrically signals a severing of the wire via the signaling line.
  • the signaling line is advantageously connected to a further device, particularly preferably a control unit, connectable. If the switching element of the switching device is actuated by the signaling body, the device connected to the signaling line advantageously receives an electrical signal so that the further device can signal in particular by generating an optically or acoustically perceptible signal that the switching device is to be replaced.
  • the device to which the signaling line can be connected is a battery control unit of a battery management system, wherein in particular when using the switching device with a battery system used in a hybrid, plug-in hybrid or electric vehicle battery system Unit starting from a user of the vehicle, preferably by driving a signaling device of the vehicle instruments, can be signaled that the switching device is to be replaced.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the switching device according to the invention provides that the switching device comprises at least one display window, which is arranged such that at least one wire and / or the at least one Signalmaschineselennent in the first position and / or in the second by the at least one display window Position is visible. This is advantageously by visual inspection, for example, as part of an inspection or maintenance investigation, determined whether the switching device is replaced. It is preferably provided that the mechanically tensioned wire with a signaling plate arranged thereon is visible within the display window, preferably in such a way that the signaling plate is completely visible in the display window. If the wire has been severed as a result of an arc forming between the working contacts, then the signaling plate is no longer held in the first position but occupies a second position.
  • the at least one wire is electrically conductive and the switching device comprises at least one connection element, via which a measuring device for determining the electrical conductivity of the wire can be connected.
  • a measuring device for determining the electrical conductivity of the wire it is checked whether an electrically conductive connection exists from one end of the wire to the other end of the wire. This can be done in particular by measuring the electrical resistance of the wire. If the wire has been severed as a result of the occurrence of an arc between the working contacts, so that the wire is no longer electrically conductive, this is advantageously detected by the measuring device and can be signaled.
  • a battery system with a battery and a battery management system comprising a control unit and at least one separation unit for galvanic isolation of the battery from a consumer and / or a charging device, wherein the separation unit is a switching device according to the invention is or at least includes.
  • the battery of the battery system comprises a plurality of electrically interconnected battery cells, in particular rechargeable lithium-ion cells.
  • the battery system is designed for use in hybrid, plug-in hybrid or electric vehicles.
  • the battery cells of the battery can be electrically connected to battery modules, wherein the battery modules are in turn electrically interconnected to a battery.
  • the switching device is designed as an electromechanical contactor.
  • the switching device is a switching device according to the invention, in which the at least one wire is electrically conductive and the switching device at least one Connection element comprises, via which a measuring device for determining the electrical conductivity of the at least one wire is connectable, and wherein the control unit is connected via the connection element of the switching device to the switching device or connected, wherein the control unit is designed to determine the electrical conductivity of the at least one wire ,
  • the control unit is designed to detect a severing of the wire as a fault and to signal that the switching device is to be replaced.
  • control unit is preferably a Battery Control Unit (BCU).
  • BCU Battery Control Unit
  • VCU vehicle control unit
  • Figure 1 is a simplified schematic representation of an embodiment of a switching device according to the invention in a first switching position.
  • Fig. 2 in a simplified schematic representation of the switching device shown in Fig. 1 in a second switching position.
  • the switching device 1 is an electromechanical contactor shown in a greatly simplified manner, which can be activated by means of a magnetic coil (not shown explicitly in FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • the contactor 1 has while a base plate 2, which four first working contacts, namely the main contacts 4 and 4 'and the auxiliary contacts 6 and 6', comprises.
  • the contactor 1 has a tie rod 3, which can move to the base plate 2 by corresponding activation of the coil not explicitly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, which is symbolically represented in FIG.
  • the tie rod 3 has in each case to a first working contact of the base plate 2, a second normally open contact, namely the main contacts 5, 5 'and the auxiliary contacts 7, 7'.
  • a first switching position of the contactor 1 which is shown in Fig. 1
  • the first normally open contacts 4, 4 ', 6, 6' and the second working contacts 5, 5 ', 7, 7' spaced apart.
  • a second switching position of the contactor 1 which is shown in Fig. 2
  • the first normally open contacts 4, 4 ', 6, 6' contact the second normally-open contacts 5, 5 ', 7, 7', so that an electric current via the working contacts. 4 -5, 4'-5 ', 6-7 and 6'-7' can flow.
  • the contactor 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a mechanically tensioned wire 8 with a defined melting point.
  • the wire 8 is a metallic wire having a circular cross-section.
  • the wire 8 is held mechanically tensioned at the respective ends of the wire 8 by a holding device (not explicitly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2), so that the wire 8 is advantageously held "quasi-floating.”
  • the wire 8 is spaced apart from the first work contact 4 and the second work contact 5, wherein the distance is selected to be small so that the heat energy of an arc forming between the work contacts acts directly on the wire 8.
  • the heat energy is so high due to the intensity of the forming arc, That the melting point of the wire 8 is exceeded, the wire 8 is severed.
  • the severing of the wire 8 signals a burn-off occurred at the normally open contacts of the contactor 1 and thus that the contactor 1 is to be replaced.
  • a signaling element preferably a colored, heat-resistant signaling plate (not explicitly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2), is provided on the mechanically tensioned wire 8. is arranged. As long as the wire 8 is mechanically tensioned, the Signaltechnischselennent is in a first position. If the wire 8 is severed, the Signalmaschineselennent occupies a second position due to the no longer existing mechanical tension. If the signaling element is no longer in the first position, this advantageously advantageously indicates more clearly that the normally open contacts of the contactor 1 have burnt down and the contactor 1 must therefore be replaced.
  • the contactor 1 preferably has a display window (not explicitly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2), by means of which the signaling element is visible at least in the first position.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show only a preferred embodiment of a switching device according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a switching device (1) for switching high electric currents, in particular a contactor, having at least one first working contact (4, 4', 6, 6') and at least one second working contact (5, 5', 7, 7'). The working contacts are mutually spaced in a first switch position of the switching device (1) and contact each other in a second switch position of the switching device (1) in order to conduct an electric current. The switching device (1) comprises at least one wire (8) with a defined melting point in order to signal a wear of the working contacts. The at least one wire (8) is arranged in the region of an arc, which can be formed between the working contacts, at a distance to the at least one first working contact (4, 4', 6, 6') and the at least one second working contact (5, 5', 7, 7') such that the wire (8) is severed if the melting temperature is exceeded as a result of an arc formation. The invention further relates to a battery system comprising a switching device (1) according to the invention for galvanically isolating a battery from an electric load.

Description

Beschreibung Titel  Description title
Schaltvorrichtung zum Schalten hoher elektrischer Ströme und Batteriesvstem mit einer solchen Schaltvorrichtung  Switching device for switching high electric currents and battery systems with such a switching device
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltvorrichtung zum Schalten hoher elektrischer Ströme aufweisend wenigstens einen ersten Arbeitskontakt und wenigstens einen zweiten Arbeitskontakt, wobei die Arbeitskontakte in einer ersten Schaltstellung der Schaltvorrichtung voneinander beabstandet sind und in einer zweiten Schaltstellung der Schaltvorrichtung zur Leitung eines elektrischen Stroms einander kontaktieren. The invention relates to a switching device for switching high electrical currents having at least a first normally open contact and at least one second normally open contact, wherein the normally open contacts are spaced apart in a first switching position of the switching device and contact each other in a second switching position of the switching device for conducting an electric current.
Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Batteriesystem mit einer Batterie und einem Batteriemanagementsystem, wobei das Batteriemanagementsystem eine Steuergeräteinheit und wenigstens eine Trenneinheit zur galvanischen Trennung der Batterie von einer Verbraucher- und/oder einer Ladeeinrichtung umfasst. Furthermore, the invention relates to a battery system with a battery and a battery management system, wherein the battery management system comprises a control unit and at least one separation unit for galvanic isolation of the battery from a consumer and / or a charging device.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Eingangs genannte Schaltvorrichtungen sind insbesondere als Schaltschütze im Stand der Technik bekannt. Beispielsweise offenbart die Druckschrift DE 10 2010 032 456 A1 ein elektrisches Schaltschütz mit Haupt- und Nebenkontakten als Arbeitskontakte. Solche Schaltvorrichtungen werden dabei insbesondere in Batteriesystemen von zumindest teilweise elektrisch betriebenen Fahrzeugen eingesetzt, um im Bedarfsfall, beispielsweise bei einem Fehler in der Batterie des Batteriesystems oder einem Unfall mit dem Fahrzeug, die Batterie galvanisch von dem Fahrzeug oder von einer Ladeeinrichtung zum Nachladen der Batterie zu trennen. Wenn derartige Schaltvorrichtungen, wie insbesondere Schütze, hohe Ströme trennen beziehungsweise hohe Ströme über die Arbeitskontakte der Schaltvorrichtungen fließen, kommt es zum sogenannten Abbrand der Arbeitskontakte, insbesondere bei Ausbildung eines Lichtbogens zwischen den Arbeitskontakten. Da der Abbrand zu einer Reduzierung des Kontaktmaterials der Arbeitskontakte führt, verschleißen die Arbeitskontakte mit der Zeit, was zu einer begrenzten Lebensdauer solcher Schaltvorrichtungen führt. Um die vollständige Funktionsfähigkeit einer solchen Schaltvorrichtung sicherzustellen, muss diese daher in bestimmten zeitlichen Abständen ausgetauscht werden. Dabei ist es wünschenswert zu wissen, zu welchem Zeitpunkt die Schaltvorrichtung ausgetauscht werden sollte. Input switching devices are known in particular as contactors in the prior art. For example, the publication DE 10 2010 032 456 A1 discloses an electrical contactor with main and auxiliary contacts as working contacts. Such switching devices are used in particular in battery systems of at least partially electrically operated vehicles to, if necessary, for example, a fault in the battery of the battery system or an accident with the vehicle, the battery galvanically from the vehicle or from a charger for recharging the battery separate. If such switching devices, in particular contactors, separate high currents or high currents flow through the working contacts of the switching devices, the so-called burnup of the normally open contacts occurs, in particular when an arc is formed between the working contacts. Since the burn leads to a reduction of the contact material of the normally open contacts, the normally open contacts wear out over time, which leads to a limited service life of such switching devices. To ensure the full functionality of such a switching device, it must therefore be replaced at certain intervals. It is desirable to know at which time the switching device should be replaced.
Aus der Druckschrift JP 03246845 A ist dabei bekannt, das Erfordernis eines Austausches eines Schützes mittels einer LED (LED: light-emitting diode) zu signalisieren. Darüber hinaus ist aus der Druckschrift WO 2006/018416 A1 eine Schutzschaltvorrichtung mit elektrischer Anzeige bekannt, wobei mittels der Anzeige eine Information bereitgestellt wird, weshalb ein Auslösen der Schutzschaltvorrichtung stattgefunden hat. Ferner ist aus der Druckschrift DE 195 44 926 C1 eine Vorrichtung zum Überwachen des Abbrandes der Kontaktstücke bei einem Schaltgerät bekannt. Dabei wird die Lichtbogenspannung eines sich beim Ausschaltvorgang zwischen den öffnenden Kontaktstücken ausbildenden Lichtbogens gemessen und das Schwankungsmaß der Lichtbogenspannung als Kriterium für den Verschleißzustand der Kontaktstücke herangezogen. From document JP 03246845 A it is known to signalize the requirement of an exchange of a contactor by means of an LED (LED: light-emitting diode). In addition, from document WO 2006/018416 A1 a protective switching device with electrical display is known, wherein information is provided by means of the display, which is why triggering of the protective switching device has taken place. Furthermore, from the publication DE 195 44 926 C1 discloses a device for monitoring the burnup of the contact pieces in a switching device. In this case, the arc voltage of a forming during the opening process between the opening contact pieces arc is measured and the fluctuation of the arc voltage used as a criterion for the state of wear of the contacts.
Nachteilig bei den vorgenannten Lösungen ist insbesondere die vergleichsweise aufwendige technische Realisierung. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine einfache technische Realisierung zur Signalisierung eines Verschleißes der Arbeitskontakte beziehungsweise der Alterung der Arbeitskontakte einer Schaltvorrichtung, insbesondere eines Schaltschützes, bereitzustellen. Offenbarung der Erfindung A disadvantage of the aforementioned solutions is in particular the relatively complicated technical realization. Against this background, it is an object of the invention to provide a simple technical realization for signaling wear of the working contacts or the aging of the working contacts of a switching device, in particular a contactor. Disclosure of the invention
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe wird eine Schaltvorrichtung zum Schalten hoher elektrischer Ströme aufweisend wenigstens einen ersten Arbeitskontakt und wenigstens einen zweiten Arbeitskontakt, wobei die Arbeitskontakte in einer ersten Schaltstellung der Schaltvorrichtung voneinander beabstandet sind und in einer zweiten Schaltstellung der Schaltvorrichtung zur Leitung eines elektrischen Stroms einander kontaktieren, vorgeschlagen, wobei die Schaltvorrichtung zur Signalisierung eines Verschleißes der Arbeitskontakte wenigstens einen Draht mit einem definierten Schmelzpunkt umfasst, wobei der wenigstens eine Draht beabstandet zu dem wenigstens einen ersten Arbeitskontakt und dem wenigstens einen zweiten Arbeitskontakt im Bereich eines sich zwischen den Arbeitskontakten ausbildbaren Lichtbogens derart angeordnet ist, dass der wenigstens eine Draht bei Überschreiten der Schmelztemperatur in Folge einer Ausbildung eines Lichtbogens zwischen dem wenigstens einen ersten Arbeitskontakt und dem wenigstens einen zweiten Arbeitskontakt durchtrennt wird. Insbesondere ist dabei vorgesehen, dass die Schaltvorrichtung ein Schaltschütz ist, vorzugsweise ein elektromechanisches Schaltschütz, dessen Arbeitskontakte, wie im Stand der Technik bekannt, mittels einer Magnetspule gesteuert werden. To achieve the object, a switching device for switching high electrical currents comprising at least a first normally open contact and at least a second normally open contact, wherein the normally open contacts are spaced apart in a first switching position of the switching device and contact each other in a second switching position of the switching device for conducting an electric current, proposed, wherein the switching device for signaling a wear of the normally open contacts comprises at least one wire having a defined melting point, wherein the at least one wire spaced from the at least one first normally open contact and the at least one second normally open contact in the region of an arc can be formed between the working contacts arranged in that the at least one wire, when the melting temperature is exceeded, is formed as a result of formation of an arc between the at least one first working contact and the one at least severed a second normally open contact. In particular, it is provided that the switching device is a contactor, preferably an electromechanical contactor whose working contacts, as known in the art, are controlled by means of a magnetic coil.
Die Arbeitskontakte der Schaltvorrichtung können sowohl Hauptkontakte als auch Hilfskontakte beziehungsweise Nebenkontakte sein, insbesondere Hauptkontakte und/oder Nebenkontakte eines Schaltschützes wie beispielsweise in der Druckschrift DE 10 2010 032 456 A1 beschrieben. Die Arbeitskontakte sind vorzugsweise auf Kontaktträgern angeordnet, insbesondere auf einer Basisplatte und/oder einem Zuganker beziehungsweise einer mit einem Zuganker in Wirkverbindung stehenden Kontaktträgerplatte. Die Arbeitskontakte können insbesondere auch als Doppel kontakte ausgebildet sein. The working contacts of the switching device can be both main contacts and auxiliary contacts or secondary contacts, in particular main contacts and / or secondary contacts of a contactor as described for example in the document DE 10 2010 032 456 A1. The normally open contacts are preferably arranged on contact carriers, in particular on a base plate and / or a tie rod or a contact carrier plate operatively connected to a tie rod. The normally open contacts can also be designed as double contacts.
Der wenigstens eine Draht der Schaltvorrichtung kann insbesondere aus Kunststoff oder Metall sein. Bevorzugt ist ein metallischer Draht vorgesehen. Ferner ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass der wenigstens eine Draht einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweist. Der Draht kann aber auch andere Querschnittsformen aufweisen, insbesondere kann der Draht oder zumindest einer der Drähte ein Flachdraht, ein Profildraht oder ein Vierkantdraht sein. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass der wenigstens eine Draht von einer Haltevorrichtung gehalten beabstandet zu dem wenigstens einen ersten Arbeitskontakt und dem wenigstens einen zweiten Arbeitskontakt angeordnet ist. Die Haltevorrichtung ist dabei vorzugsweise an der Schaltvorrichtung angeordnet. Insbesondere kann die Haltevorrichtung durch Klemm- und/oder Schraubelemente realisiert sein. Vorzugsweise wird der wenigstens eine Draht jeweils an dessen Enden von der Haltevorrichtung gehalten, vorzugsweise derart, dass der Draht zwischen den Enden kontaktlos ist, das heißt insbesondere nur über die Haltevorrichtung mit der Schaltvorrichtung in Kontakt steht. Der wenigstens eine Draht ist somit vorteilhafterweise quasi „freischwebend". Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass der wenigstens eine Draht in der sogenannten Löschkammer einer Schaltvorrichtung angeordnet ist, vorzugsweise unter Nutzung einer vorgenannten Halterung. The at least one wire of the switching device may in particular be made of plastic or metal. Preferably, a metallic wire is provided. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the at least one wire has a having circular cross-section. The wire may also have other cross-sectional shapes, in particular, the wire or at least one of the wires may be a flat wire, a profiled wire or a square wire. In particular, it is provided that the at least one wire held by a holding device is arranged at a distance from the at least one first working contact and the at least one second working contact. The holding device is preferably arranged on the switching device. In particular, the holding device can be realized by clamping and / or screw elements. Preferably, the at least one wire is held at its ends by the holding device, preferably in such a way that the wire is contactless between the ends, that is to say in particular is in contact with the switching device only via the holding device. The at least one wire is therefore advantageously "free-floating." In particular, it is provided that the at least one wire is arranged in the so-called quenching chamber of a switching device, preferably using an aforementioned holder.
Die Erfindung nutzt die Erkenntnis, dass ein die Arbeitskontakte schädigender Lichtbogen, welcher sich ausbildet, wenn die Arbeitskontakte unter Last getrennt werden, einen starken Temperaturanstieg verursacht, wobei die Temperatur mit der Intensität des sich ausbildenden Lichtbogens korreliert. Ein Draht der Schaltvorrichtung wird dabei vorteilhafterweise derart dimensioniert, insbesondere hinsichtlich dessen Schmelzpunkt und Materialstärke, dass dieser unter Einwirkung eines sich zwischen den Arbeitskontakten ausbildenden, die Arbeitskontakte schädigenden Lichtbogens schmilzt und dabei durchtrennt wird, wobei das Durchtrennen des Drahtes vorteilhafterweise die Ausbildung eines die Arbeitskontakte schädigenden Lichtbogens signalisiert und/oder zur Signalisierung genutzt wird. Durch die Dimensionierung des Drahtes ist somit vorteilhafterweise vorgebbar, wie sensibel die Signalisierung erfolgen soll, insbesondere ob allgemein das Auftreten eines Lichtbogens zwischen den Arbeitskontakten signalisiert werden soll oder das Auftreten eines Lichtbogens besonderer Intensität, der die Arbeitskontakte besonders stark schädigt. Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfasst die Schaltvorrichtung wenigstens einen weiteren Draht mit einem definierten Schmelzpunkt, wobei der Schmelzpunkt des wenigstens einen Drahtes höher oder niedriger ist, als der Schmelzpunkt des wenigstens einen weiteren Drahtes, und/oder die Materialstärke des wenigstens einen Drahtes größer oder kleiner ist, als die Materialstärke des wenigstens einen weiteren Drahtes. Durch die Nutzung mehrerer unterschiedlich ausgestalteter Drähte, die bei unterschiedlicher Strombelastung der Arbeitskontakte schmelzen, das heißt insbesondere bei Auftreten von Lichtbögen unterschiedlicher Intensität, ist vorteilhafterweise die Intensität eines aufgetretenen Lichtbogens signalisierbar. Durch eine Mehrzahl von Drähten lässt sich somit die Schwere einer Einwirkung eines Lichtbogens auf die Arbeitskontakte signalisieren. Ist beispielsweise nur der am schwächsten dimensionierte Draht zerstört, so war die Schwere der Einwirkung gering. Sind dagegen beispielsweise sämtliche Drähte unterschiedlicher Dimensionierung durchtrennt, so weist dies auf eine starke Intensität des Lichtbogens hin und lässt den Rückschluss zu, dass die Arbeitskontakte stark geschädigt wurden. The invention utilizes the recognition that an arc damaging the make contacts, which forms when the normally open contacts are disconnected under load, causes a sharp rise in temperature, the temperature correlating with the intensity of the arc being formed. A wire of the switching device is advantageously dimensioned in such a way, in particular with respect to its melting point and material thickness that this melts under the action of forming between the working contacts, the working contacts damaging arc and thereby severed, the severing of the wire advantageously the formation of a damage the working contacts Arc is signaled and / or used for signaling. As a result of the dimensioning of the wire, it is thus advantageously possible to predetermine how sensitive the signaling should be, in particular whether the occurrence of an arc between the working contacts should generally be signaled or the occurrence of an arc of particular intensity which particularly damages the working contacts. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the switching device comprises at least one further wire with a defined melting point, wherein the melting point of the at least one wire is higher or lower than the melting point of the at least one other wire, and / or the material thickness of the at least one wire larger or is smaller than the material thickness of the at least one other wire. By using a plurality of differently designed wires, which melt at different current load of the working contacts, that is, in particular when arcs of different intensity occurs, advantageously, the intensity of an arcing occurred can be signaled. By a plurality of wires can thus signal the severity of an action of an arc on the normally open contacts. For example, if only the weakest dimensioned wire destroyed, the severity of the impact was low. By contrast, if, for example, all the wires of different dimensions are severed, this indicates a high intensity of the arc and allows the conclusion that the working contacts were badly damaged.
Insbesondere kann die Schaltvorrichtung zwei Drähte aufweisen, wobei der erste Draht einen ersten Schmelzpunkt und eine erste Materialstärke aufweist und der zweite Draht einen zweiten Schmelzpunkt, der höher als der erste Schmelzpunkt liegt, und eine zweite Materialstärke, die größer ist als die erste, aufweist. Tritt bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung ein Lichtbogen zwischen den Arbeitskontakten auf, so wird der erste Draht eher aufgrund des mit der Ausbildung des Lichtbogens einhergehenden Temperaturanstiegs durchtrennt als der zweite Draht. Wird bei Ausbildung eines Lichtbogens zwischen den Arbeitskontakten nur der erste Draht durchtrennt und nicht der zweite Draht, so war die Intensität des Lichtbogens geringer, als wenn der erste Draht und der zweite Draht schmelzen und durchtrennt werden. Vorteilhafterweise lässt dabei die Intensität des Lichtbogens, und somit die Feststellung welcher Draht beziehungsweise welche Drähte durchtrennt wurden, Rückschlüsse auf den Abbrand der Arbeitskontakte zu. Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltvorrichtung ist der wenigstens eine Draht mechanisch gespannt, vorzugsweise von einer Haltevorrichtung, insbesondere zwischen zwei Halterungen der Haltevorrichtung. Vorteilhafterweise lässt sich dabei besonders gut erkennen, ob der Draht in Folge einer hohen Strombelastung der Arbeitskontakte zerstört wurde, insbesondere durch Überprüfung, ob der Draht noch gespannt ist oder nicht. Darüber hinaus ist durch die mechanische Spannung des Drahtes der wenigstens eine Draht besonders gut nutzbar, um mechanisch und/oder elektrisch einen Verschleiß der Arbeitskontakte zu signalisieren, insbesondere mittels wenigstens eines Signalisierungselement.es. In particular, the switching device may comprise two wires, wherein the first wire has a first melting point and a first material thickness and the second wire has a second melting point, which is higher than the first melting point, and a second material thickness, which is greater than the first. Occurs in such a configuration, an arc between the working contacts, so the first wire is cut rather due to the associated with the formation of the arc temperature increase than the second wire. If only the first wire and not the second wire are severed when an arc is formed between the working contacts, the intensity of the arc was lower than when the first wire and the second wire melt and are severed. Advantageously, it allows the intensity of the arc, and thus the determination of which wire or wires were severed, conclusions about the burnup of the normally open contacts to. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the switching device according to the invention, the at least one wire is mechanically tensioned, preferably by a holding device, in particular between two holders of the holding device. Advantageously, it can be particularly well recognized whether the wire has been destroyed as a result of a high current load of the normally open contacts, in particular by checking whether the wire is still curious or not. In addition, the at least one wire can be used particularly well by the mechanical tension of the wire in order to mechanically and / or electrically signal wear of the working contacts, in particular by means of at least one signaling element.
Gemäß einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist daher vorgesehen, dass die Schaltvorrichtung wenigstens ein Signalisierungselement umfasst, welches bei Durchtrennung des Drahtes von einer ersten Position in eine zweite Position verbracht wird. Vorteilhafterweise ist hierdurch insbesondere die Signalisierung, dass die Schaltvorrichtung auszutauschen ist, verbessert, da die Signalisierung hierbei - zumindest nicht ausschließlich - dadurch erfolgt, dass der wenigstens eine Draht durchtrennt ist, sondern dass das Signalisierungselement von der ersten Position in die zweite Position verbracht worden ist. According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is therefore provided that the switching device comprises at least one signaling element, which is moved from a first position to a second position when the wire is severed. Advantageously, this in particular the signaling that the switching device is to be replaced, improved because the signaling here - at least not exclusively - done by the at least one wire is severed, but that the signaling element has been moved from the first position to the second position ,
Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass das Signalisierungselement ein Signalisierungsplättchen ist, welches an dem Draht angeordnet ist. Das Signalisierungsplättchen ist vorzugsweise aus einem Metall oder einem hitzebeständigen Kunststoffmaterial. Insbesondere kann das Signalisierungsplättchen durch Verschweißung an dem Draht angeordnet sein. Durch die mechanische Spannung des Drahtes wird das Signalisierungsplättchen dabei vorteilhafterweise in einer erste Position gehalten. Wird der Draht in Folge der Temperatureinwirkung eines sich zwischen den Arbeitskontakten ausbildenden Lichtbogens durchtrennt, so wird das Signalisierungsplättchen von der ersten Position in eine zweite Position verbracht. Dieser Wechsel von der ersten Position in die zweite Position signalisiert dabei vorteilhafterweise einen Verschleiß der Arbeitskontakte und somit, dass die Schaltvorrichtung auszutauschen ist. Als besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungsvariante hierzu ist vorgesehen, dass das Signalisierungselement ein Signalisierungskorper ist, insbesondere ein Signalisierungsstift, welcher unter Vorspannung von dem mechanisch gespannten Draht in der ersten Position gehalten wird, derart, dass der Signalisierungskorper bei Durchtrennung des Drahtes durch Lösen der Vorspannung von der ersten Position in die zweite Position verbracht wird. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass der mechanische Draht dabei direkt mit dem Signalisierungskorper verbunden ist, wobei der Signalisierungskorper entgegen der Kraft einer mechanischen Feder durch den Draht in der ersten Position gehalten wird. Wird der Draht durchtrennt, so wird der Signalisierungskorper durch die Kraft der Feder in die zweite Position verbracht und signalisiert hierdurch einen Verschleiß der Arbeitskontakte und somit, dass die Schaltvorrichtung auszutauschen ist. Vorteilhafterweise ist der Signalisierungskorper derart angeordnet, dass der Signalisierungskorper in der ersten Position nicht sichtbar ist, und in der zweiten Position sichtbar ist, sodass die Sichtbarkeit des Signalisierungskörpers signalisiert, dass die Schaltvorrichtung auszutauschen ist. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass die Schaltvorrichtung eine Führung aufweist, in welcher der Signalisierungskorper geführt ist. Insbesondere ist dabei eine Ausnehmung als Führung vorgesehen, in welcher der Signalisierungskorper geführt ist. Vorzugsweise ist der Signalisierungskorper dabei in der ersten Position vollständig in der Ausnehmung angeordnet und somit nicht sichtbar. Erst beim Wechsel von der ersten Position in die zweite Position tritt der Signalisierungskorper vorteilhafterweise aus der Ausnehmung heraus, ist somit sichtbar und signalisiert somit, dass die Schaltvorrichtung auszutauschen ist. Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfasst die Schaltvorrichtung eine Signalisierungsleitung mit einem von dem Signalisierungskorper betätigbaren Schaltelement, vorzugsweise einem Mikroschalter, wobei das Schaltelement von dem Signalisierungskorper durch den Übergang von der ersten Position in die zweite Position betätigt wird, wobei ein Betätigen des Schaltelementes ein Durchtrennen des Drahtes über die Signalisierungsleitung elektrisch signalisiert. Die Signalisierungsleitung ist dabei vorteilhafterweise an eine weitere Vorrichtung, besonders bevorzugt eine Steuergeräteeinheit, anschließbar. Wird das Schaltelement der Schaltvorrichtung durch den Signalisierungskörper betätigt, empfängt die an der Signalisierungsleitung angeschlossene Vorrichtung vorteilhafterweise ein elektrisches Signal, sodass die weitere Vorrichtung insbesondere durch Erzeugung eines optisch oder akustisch wahrnehmbaren Signals signalisieren kann, dass die Schaltvorrichtung auszutauschen ist. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass die Vorrichtung, an welcher die Signalisierungsleitung anschließbar ist, eine Battery Control Unit eines Batteriemanagementsystems ist, wobei insbesondere bei Verwendung der Schaltvorrichtung mit einem in einem Hybrid-, Plug-In-Hybrid- oder Elektrofahrzeug eingesetzten Batteriesystem von der Battery Control Unit ausgehend einem Nutzer des Fahrzeugs vorzugsweise durch Ansteuerung einer Signalisierungseinrichtung der Fahrzeuginstrumente, signalisiert werden kann, dass die Schaltvorrichtung auszutauschen ist. In particular, it is provided that the signaling element is a signaling plate, which is arranged on the wire. The signaling plate is preferably made of a metal or a heat-resistant plastic material. In particular, the signaling plate may be disposed by welding to the wire. Due to the mechanical tension of the wire, the signaling plate is advantageously held in a first position. If the wire is severed as a result of the action of temperature of a forming between the working contacts arc, the signaling plate is moved from the first position to a second position. This change from the first position to the second position advantageously signals wear of the working contacts and thus that the switching device is to be replaced. As a particularly advantageous embodiment variant, it is provided that the signaling element is a Signalisierungskorper, in particular a signaling pin, which is held under bias of the mechanically tensioned wire in the first position, such that the Signalisierungskorper by severing the wire by releasing the bias of the first Position is spent in the second position. In particular, it is provided that the mechanical wire is connected directly to the Signalisierungskorper, the Signalisierungskorper is held against the force of a mechanical spring through the wire in the first position. If the wire is severed, the Signalisierungskorper is spent by the force of the spring in the second position and thereby signals a wear of the normally-open contacts and thus that the switching device is replaced. Advantageously, the signaling body is arranged such that the signaling body is not visible in the first position, and is visible in the second position, so that the visibility of the signaling body signals that the switching device is to be replaced. In particular, it is provided that the switching device has a guide, in which the Signalisierungskorper is guided. In particular, a recess is provided as a guide, in which the Signalisierungskorper is guided. Preferably, the signaling body is in the first position completely arranged in the recess and thus not visible. It is only when changing from the first position to the second position that the signaling body advantageously emerges from the recess, is thus visible and thus signals that the switching device is to be exchanged. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the switching device comprises a signaling line with an actuatable by the signaling body switching element, preferably a micro-switch, wherein the switching element is actuated by the signaling body by the transition from the first position to the second position, wherein an actuation of the switching element electrically signals a severing of the wire via the signaling line. The signaling line is advantageously connected to a further device, particularly preferably a control unit, connectable. If the switching element of the switching device is actuated by the signaling body, the device connected to the signaling line advantageously receives an electrical signal so that the further device can signal in particular by generating an optically or acoustically perceptible signal that the switching device is to be replaced. In particular, it is provided that the device to which the signaling line can be connected is a battery control unit of a battery management system, wherein in particular when using the switching device with a battery system used in a hybrid, plug-in hybrid or electric vehicle battery system Unit starting from a user of the vehicle, preferably by driving a signaling device of the vehicle instruments, can be signaled that the switching device is to be replaced.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltvorrichtung sieht vor, dass die Schaltvorrichtung wenigstens ein Anzeigefenster umfasst, welches derart angeordnet ist, dass durch das wenigstens eine Anzeigefenster der wenigstens eine Draht und/oder das wenigstens eine Signalisierungselennent in der ersten Position und/oder in der zweiten Position sichtbar ist. Hierbei ist vorteilhafterweise durch Sichtkontrolle, beispielsweise im Rahmen einer Inspektions- oder Wartungsuntersuchung, feststellbar, ob die Schaltvorrichtung auszutauschen ist. Bevorzugt ist dabei vorgesehen, dass der mechanisch gespannte Draht mit einem daran angeordneten Signalisierungsplättchen innerhalb des Anzeigefensters sichtbar ist, vorzugsweise derart, dass das Signalisierungsplättchen vollständig in dem Anzeigefenster sichtbar ist. Ist der Draht in Folge eines sich zwischen den Arbeitskontakten ausbildenden Lichtbogens durchtrennt worden, so wird das Signalisierungsplättchen nicht mehr in der ersten Position gehalten sondern nimmt eine zweite Position ein. Dies ist vorteilhafterweise durch das Anzeigefenster erkennbar. Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltvorrichtung ist vorgesehen, dass der wenigstens eine Draht elektrisch leitfähig ist und die Schaltvorrichtung wenigstens ein Anschlusselement umfasst, über welches eine Messeinrichtung zur Bestimmung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit des Drahtes anschließbar ist. Vorzugsweise wird dabei geprüft, ob eine elektrisch leitfähige Verbindung von einem Ende des Drahtes zu dem anderen Ende des Drahtes existiert. Dies kann insbesondere durch eine Messung des elektrischen Widerstandes des Drahtes erfolgen. Ist der Draht in Folge des Auftretens eines Lichtbogens zwischen den Arbeitskontakten durchtrennt worden, sodass der Draht nicht mehr elektrisch leitfähig ist, wird dies von der Messeinrichtung vorteilhafterweise erfasst und kann signalisiert werden. Zur Lösung der eingangs genannten Aufgabe wird des Weiteren ein Batteriesystem mit einer Batterie und einem Batteriemanagementsystem vorgeschlagen, wobei das Batteriemanagementsystem eine Steuergeräteeinheit und wenigstens eine Trenneinheit zur galvanischen Trennung der Batterie von einer Verbraucher- und/oder einer Ladeeinrichtung umfasst, wobei die Trenneinheit eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltvorrichtung ist oder zumindest umfasst. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass die Batterie des Batteriesystems eine Mehrzahl von elektrisch miteinander verschalteten Batteriezellen umfasst, insbesondere nachladbare Lithium-Ionen-Zellen. Des Weiteren ist insbesondere vorgesehen, dass das Batteriesystem zum Einsatz in Hybrid-, Plug-In-Hybrid- oder Elektrofahrzeugen ausgebildet ist. Insbesondere können die Batteriezellen der Batterie zu Batteriemodulen elektrisch verschaltet sein, wobei die Batteriemodule wiederum elektrisch miteinander zu einer Batterie verschaltet sind. Insbesondere ist dabei vorgesehen, dass die Schaltvorrichtung als elektromechanisches Schaltschütz ausgebildet ist. A further advantageous embodiment of the switching device according to the invention provides that the switching device comprises at least one display window, which is arranged such that at least one wire and / or the at least one Signalisierungselennent in the first position and / or in the second by the at least one display window Position is visible. This is advantageously by visual inspection, for example, as part of an inspection or maintenance investigation, determined whether the switching device is replaced. It is preferably provided that the mechanically tensioned wire with a signaling plate arranged thereon is visible within the display window, preferably in such a way that the signaling plate is completely visible in the display window. If the wire has been severed as a result of an arc forming between the working contacts, then the signaling plate is no longer held in the first position but occupies a second position. This is advantageously recognizable by the display window. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the switching device according to the invention it is provided that the at least one wire is electrically conductive and the switching device comprises at least one connection element, via which a measuring device for determining the electrical conductivity of the wire can be connected. Preferably, it is checked whether an electrically conductive connection exists from one end of the wire to the other end of the wire. This can be done in particular by measuring the electrical resistance of the wire. If the wire has been severed as a result of the occurrence of an arc between the working contacts, so that the wire is no longer electrically conductive, this is advantageously detected by the measuring device and can be signaled. To solve the object mentioned above, a battery system with a battery and a battery management system is further proposed, wherein the battery management system comprises a control unit and at least one separation unit for galvanic isolation of the battery from a consumer and / or a charging device, wherein the separation unit is a switching device according to the invention is or at least includes. In particular, it is provided that the battery of the battery system comprises a plurality of electrically interconnected battery cells, in particular rechargeable lithium-ion cells. Furthermore, it is provided in particular that the battery system is designed for use in hybrid, plug-in hybrid or electric vehicles. In particular, the battery cells of the battery can be electrically connected to battery modules, wherein the battery modules are in turn electrically interconnected to a battery. In particular, it is provided that the switching device is designed as an electromechanical contactor.
Gemäß einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Batteriesystems ist vorgesehen, dass die Schaltvorrichtung eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltvorrichtung ist, bei der der wenigstens eine Draht elektrisch leitfähig ist und die Schaltvorrichtung wenigstens ein Anschlusselement umfasst, über welches eine Messeinrichtung zur Bestimmung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit des wenigstens einen Drahtes anschließbar ist, und wobei die Steuergeräteeinheit über das Anschlusselement der Schaltvorrichtung mit der Schaltvorrichtung verbunden beziehungsweise angeschlossen ist, wobei die Steuergeräteeinheit zur Bestimmung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit des wenigstens einen Drahtes ausgebildet ist. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass die Steuergeräteeinheit ausgebildet ist, ein Durchtrennen des Drahtes als Fehler zu detektieren und zu signalisieren, dass die Schaltvorrichtung auszutauschen ist. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass von der Steuergeräteeinheit ein Eintrag in einen Fehlerspeicher vorgenommen wird, welcher vorteilhafterweise im Rahmen einer Inspektion ausgelesen werden kann. Die Steuergeräteeinheit ist vorzugsweise eine Battery Control Unit (BCU). Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass die Steuergeräteeinheit ausgebildet ist, ein Durchtrennen des Drahtes als Information an eine Fahrzeugsteuergeräteeinheit weiterzuleiten, insbesondere eine sogenannten Vehicle Control Unit (VCU), welche ausgebildet ist, bei Empfang der Information im Fahrzeug eine Fehlermeldung zu generieren. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the battery system according to the invention it is provided that the switching device is a switching device according to the invention, in which the at least one wire is electrically conductive and the switching device at least one Connection element comprises, via which a measuring device for determining the electrical conductivity of the at least one wire is connectable, and wherein the control unit is connected via the connection element of the switching device to the switching device or connected, wherein the control unit is designed to determine the electrical conductivity of the at least one wire , In particular, it is provided that the control unit is designed to detect a severing of the wire as a fault and to signal that the switching device is to be replaced. In particular, it is provided that an entry in an error memory is made by the control unit, which can be advantageously read out as part of an inspection. The control unit is preferably a Battery Control Unit (BCU). In particular, it is provided that the control unit is designed to forward a severing of the wire as information to a vehicle control unit, in particular a so-called vehicle control unit (VCU), which is designed to generate an error message upon receipt of the information in the vehicle.
Weitere vorteilhafte Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Ausgestaltungsdetails der Erfindung werden im Zusammenhang mit den in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt: Further advantageous details, features and design details of the invention are explained in more detail in connection with the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures. Showing:
Fig. 1 in einer vereinfachten schematischen Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltvorrichtung in einer ersten Schaltstellung; und Figure 1 is a simplified schematic representation of an embodiment of a switching device according to the invention in a first switching position. and
Fig. 2 in einer vereinfachten schematischen Darstellung die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Schaltvorrichtung in einer zweiten Schaltstellung. In Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 ist jeweils ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltvorrichtung 1 dargestellt. Die Schaltvorrichtung 1 ist in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ein stark vereinfacht dargestelltes elektromechanisches Schaltschütz, welches mittels einer Magnetspule (in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 nicht explizit dargestellt) ansteuerbar ist. Das Schaltschütz 1 weist dabei eine Basisplatte 2 auf, welche vier erste Arbeitskontakte, nämlich die Hauptkontakte 4 und 4' sowie die Hilfskontakte 6 und 6', umfasst. Des Weiteren weist das Schaltschütz 1 einen Zuganker 3 auf, welcher sich durch entsprechende Ansteuerung der in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 nicht explizit dargestellten Spule zu der Basisplatte 2 bewegen kann, was symbolisch in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 durch den Doppelpfeil 9 dargestellt ist. Der Zuganker 3 weist dabei jeweils zu einem ersten Arbeitskontakt der Basisplatte 2 einen zweiten Arbeitskontakt auf, nämlich die Hauptkontakte 5, 5' und die Hilfskontakte 7, 7'. In einer ersten Schaltstellung des Schaltschützes 1 , die in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, sind die ersten Arbeitskontakte 4, 4', 6, 6' und die zweiten Arbeitskontakte 5, 5', 7, 7' voneinander beabstandet. In einer zweiten Schaltstellung des Schaltschützes 1 , die in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist, kontaktieren die ersten Arbeitskontakte 4, 4', 6, 6' die zweiten Arbeitskontakte 5, 5', 7, 7', sodass ein elektrischer Strom über die Arbeitskontakte 4-5, 4'-5', 6-7 und 6'-7' fließen kann. Fig. 2 in a simplified schematic representation of the switching device shown in Fig. 1 in a second switching position. In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, an embodiment of a switching device 1 according to the invention is shown in each case. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the switching device 1 is an electromechanical contactor shown in a greatly simplified manner, which can be activated by means of a magnetic coil (not shown explicitly in FIGS. 1 and 2). The contactor 1 has while a base plate 2, which four first working contacts, namely the main contacts 4 and 4 'and the auxiliary contacts 6 and 6', comprises. Furthermore, the contactor 1 has a tie rod 3, which can move to the base plate 2 by corresponding activation of the coil not explicitly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, which is symbolically represented in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 by the double arrow 9 is shown. The tie rod 3 has in each case to a first working contact of the base plate 2, a second normally open contact, namely the main contacts 5, 5 'and the auxiliary contacts 7, 7'. In a first switching position of the contactor 1, which is shown in Fig. 1, the first normally open contacts 4, 4 ', 6, 6' and the second working contacts 5, 5 ', 7, 7' spaced apart. In a second switching position of the contactor 1, which is shown in Fig. 2, the first normally open contacts 4, 4 ', 6, 6' contact the second normally-open contacts 5, 5 ', 7, 7', so that an electric current via the working contacts. 4 -5, 4'-5 ', 6-7 and 6'-7' can flow.
Das in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 dargestellte Schaltschütz 1 umfasst einen mechanisch gespannten Draht 8 mit einem definierten Schmelzpunkt. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Draht 8 ein metallischer Draht mit einem kreisförmigen Querschnitt. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass der Draht 8 von einer in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 nicht explizit dargestellten Haltevorrichtung an den jeweiligen Enden des Drahtes 8 mechanisch gespannt gehalten wird, sodass der Draht 8 vorteilhafterweise„quasi schwebend" gehalten wird. Der Draht 8 ist beabstandet zu dem ersten Arbeitskontakt 4 und dem zweiten Arbeitskontakt 5 angeordnet, wobei der Abstand gering gewählt ist, sodass die Wärmeenergie eines sich zwischen den Arbeitskontakten ausbildenden Lichtbogens auf den Draht 8 unmittelbar einwirkt. Ist die Wärmeenergie aufgrund der Intensität des sich ausbildenden Lichtbogens so groß, dass der Schmelzpunkt des Drahtes 8 überschritten wird, so wird der Draht 8 durchtrennt. Das Durchtrennen des Drahtes 8 signalisiert dabei einen an den Arbeitskontakten des Schützes 1 aufgetretenen Abbrand und somit, dass das Schütz 1 auszutauschen ist. The contactor 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a mechanically tensioned wire 8 with a defined melting point. In the illustrated embodiment, the wire 8 is a metallic wire having a circular cross-section. In particular, it is provided that the wire 8 is held mechanically tensioned at the respective ends of the wire 8 by a holding device (not explicitly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2), so that the wire 8 is advantageously held "quasi-floating." The wire 8 is spaced apart from the first work contact 4 and the second work contact 5, wherein the distance is selected to be small so that the heat energy of an arc forming between the work contacts acts directly on the wire 8. The heat energy is so high due to the intensity of the forming arc, That the melting point of the wire 8 is exceeded, the wire 8 is severed.The severing of the wire 8 signals a burn-off occurred at the normally open contacts of the contactor 1 and thus that the contactor 1 is to be replaced.
Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass an dem mechanisch gespannten Draht 8 ein Signalisierungselement, vorzugsweise ein farbiges, hitzebeständiges Signalisierungsplättchen, (in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 nicht explizit dargestellt), angeordnet ist. Solange der Draht 8 mechanisch gespannt ist, befindet sich das Signalisierungselennent dabei in einer ersten Position. Wird der Draht 8 durchtrennt, so nimmt das Signalisierungselennent aufgrund der nicht mehr vorhandenen mechanischen Spannung eine zweite Position ein. Befindet sich das Signalisierungselennent nicht mehr in der ersten Position, so weist dies vorteilhafterweise besser sichtbar darauf hin, dass ein Abbrand der Arbeitskontakte des Schützes 1 erfolgt ist und das Schütz 1 daher auszutauschen ist. Vorzugsweise weist der Schütz 1 ein Anzeigefenster auf (in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 nicht explizit dargestellt), durch welches das Signalisierungselennent zumindest in der ersten Position sichtbar ist. In particular, it is provided that a signaling element, preferably a colored, heat-resistant signaling plate (not explicitly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2), is provided on the mechanically tensioned wire 8. is arranged. As long as the wire 8 is mechanically tensioned, the Signalisierungselennent is in a first position. If the wire 8 is severed, the Signalisierungselennent occupies a second position due to the no longer existing mechanical tension. If the signaling element is no longer in the first position, this advantageously advantageously indicates more clearly that the normally open contacts of the contactor 1 have burnt down and the contactor 1 must therefore be replaced. The contactor 1 preferably has a display window (not explicitly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2), by means of which the signaling element is visible at least in the first position.
Die in den Figuren dargestellten und im Zusammenhang mit diesen erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiele dienen der Erläuterung der Erfindung und sind für diese nicht beschränkend. Insbesondere sind die in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 dargestellten Kontakte 6, 6' und 7, 7' nicht obligatorisch für die Erfindung. Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 zeigen lediglich ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäße Schaltvorrichtung. The exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures and explained in connection therewith serve to explain the invention and are not restrictive of it. In particular, the contacts 6, 6 'and 7, 7' shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are not mandatory for the invention. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show only a preferred embodiment of a switching device according to the invention.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1 . Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) zum Schalten hoher elektrischer Ströme aufweisend wenigstens einen ersten Arbeitskontakt (4, 4', 6, 6') und wenigstens einen zweiten Arbeitskontakt (5, 5', 7, 7'), wobei die Arbeitskontakte (4, 4', 6, 6'; 5, 5', 7, 7') in einer ersten Schaltstellung der Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) voneinander beabstandet sind und in einer zweiten Schaltstellung der Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) zur Leitung eines elektrischen Stroms einander kontaktieren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) zur Signalisierung eines Verschleißes der Arbeitskontakte (4, 4', 6, 6'; 5, 5', 7, 7') wenigstens einen Draht (8) mit einem definierten Schmelzpunkt umfasst, wobei der wenigstens eine Draht (8) beabstandet zu dem wenigstens einen ersten Arbeitskontakt (4, 4', 6, 6') und dem wenigstens einen zweiten Arbeitskontakt (5, 5', 7, 7') im Bereich eines sich zwischen den Arbeitskontakten (4, 4', 6, 6'; 5, 5', 7, 7') ausbildbaren Lichtbogens derart angeordnet ist, dass der wenigstens eine Draht (8) bei1 . Switching device (1) for switching high electrical currents, comprising at least one first working contact (4, 4 ', 6, 6') and at least one second working contact (5, 5 ', 7, 7'), wherein the working contacts (4, 4 ' , 6, 6 '; 5, 5', 7, 7 ') in a first switching position of the switching device (1) are spaced from each other and in a second switching position of the switching device (1) for conducting an electric current contact each other, characterized in that the switching device (1) for signaling wear of the working contacts (4, 4 ', 6, 6'; 5, 5 ', 7, 7') comprises at least one wire (8) with a defined melting point, the at least one wire ( 8) spaced from the at least one first working contact (4, 4 ', 6, 6') and the at least one second working contact (5, 5 ', 7, 7') in the region of a between the working contacts (4, 4 ', 6, 6 ', 5, 5', 7, 7 ') can be formed such that the at least one wire (8) at
Überschreiten der Schmelztemperatur in Folge einer Ausbildung eines Lichtbogens zwischen dem wenigstens einen ersten Arbeitskontakt (4, 4', 6, 6') und dem wenigstens einen zweiten Arbeitskontakt (5, 5', 7, 7') durchtrennt wird. Exceeding the melting temperature as a result of formation of an arc between the at least one first working contact (4, 4 ', 6, 6') and the at least one second working contact (5, 5 ', 7, 7') is severed.
2. Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) wenigstens einen weiteren Draht mit einem definierten Schmelzpunkt umfasst, wobei der Schmelzpunkt des wenigstens einen Drahtes (8) höher oder niedriger ist, als die Schmelztemperatur des wenigstens einen weiteren Drahtes, und/oder die2. Switching device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching device (1) comprises at least one further wire having a defined melting point, wherein the melting point of the at least one wire (8) is higher or lower than the melting temperature of the at least one another wire, and / or the
Materialstärke des wenigstens einen Drahtes (8) größer oder kleiner ist, als die Materialstärke des wenigstens einen weiteren Drahtes. Material thickness of the at least one wire (8) is greater or smaller than the material thickness of the at least one further wire.
3. Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wenigstens eine Draht (8) mechanisch gespannt ist. 3. Switching device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one wire (8) is mechanically tensioned.
Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) wenigstens ein Signalisierungselennent umfasst, welches bei Durchtrennung des Drahtes (8) von einer ersten Position in eine zweite Position verbracht wird. Switching device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (1) comprises at least one Signalisierungselennent, which is spent in a severing of the wire (8) from a first position to a second position.
Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Signalisierungselennent ein Signalisierungsplättchens ist, welches an dem Draht (8) angeordnet ist. Switching device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the signaling element is a signaling plate which is arranged on the wire (8).
Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Signalisierungselennent ein Signalisierungskorper ist, welcher unter Vorspannung von dem mechanisch gespannten Draht (8) in der ersten Position gehalten wird, derart, dass der Signalisierungskorper bei Durchtrennung des Drahtes (8) durch Lösen der Vorspannung von der ersten Position in die zweite Position verbracht wird. Switching device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the Signalierungselennent is a Signalisierungskorper which is biased by the mechanically tensioned wire (8) held in the first position, such that the Signalisierungskorper by severing the wire (8) by loosening the bias is moved from the first position to the second position.
Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) eine Signalisierungsleitung mit einem von dem Signalisierungskorper betätigbaren Schaltelement umfasst, wobei das Schaltelement von dem Signalisierungskorper durch den Übergang von der ersten Position in die zweite Position betätigt wird, wobei ein Betätigen des Schaltelementes ein Durchtrennen des Drahtes (8) über die Signalisierungsleitung elektrisch signalisiert. Switching device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the switching device (1) comprises a signaling line with an actuatable by the signaling body switching element, wherein the switching element is actuated by the signaling body by the transition from the first position to the second position, wherein a Actuate the switching element electrically cutting a severing of the wire (8) via the signaling line.
Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) wenigstens ein Anzeigefenster umfasst, welches derart angeordnet ist, dass durch das wenigstens eine Anzeigefenster der wenigstens eine Draht (8) und/oder das wenigstens eine Signalisierungselennent in der ersten Position und/oder in der zweiten Position sichtbar ist. Switching device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (1) comprises at least one display window, which is arranged such that at least one wire (8) and / or the at least one signaling element in the at least one display window the first position and / or in the second position is visible.
9. Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wenigstens eine Draht (8) elektrisch leitfähig ist und die Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) wenigstens ein Anschlusselement umfasst, über welches eine Messeinrichtung zur Bestimmung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit des Drahtes (8) anschließbar ist. 9. Switching device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one wire (8) is electrically conductive and the switching device (1) comprises at least one connection element, via which a measuring device for determining the electrical conductivity of the wire (8 ) is connectable.
10. Batteriesystem mit einer Batterie und einem Batteriemanagementsystem, wobei das Batteriemanagementsystem eine Steuergeräteinheit und wenigstens eine Trenneinheit zur galvanischen Trennung der Batterie von einer Verbraucher- und/oder einer Ladeeinrichtung umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trenneinheit eine Schaltvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 ist oder zumindest umfasst. 10. Battery system with a battery and a battery management system, wherein the battery management system comprises a control unit and at least one separation unit for galvanic isolation of the battery from a consumer and / or a charging device, characterized in that the separation unit is a switching device according to one of claims 1 to 9 is or at least includes.
1 1 . Batteriesystem nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) eine Schaltvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 ist und die Steuergeräteeinheit über das Anschlusselement der Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) mit der Schaltvorrichtung (1 ) verbunden ist, wobei die Steuergeräteeinheit zur Bestimmung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit des wenigstens einen Drahtes (8) ausgebildet ist. 1 1. Battery system according to claim 10, characterized in that the switching device (1) is a switching device according to claim 9 and the control unit via the connection element of the switching device (1) with the switching device (1) is connected, wherein the control unit for determining the electrical conductivity of at least a wire (8) is formed.
EP15700013.4A 2014-01-16 2015-01-02 Switching device for switching high electric currents, and battery system comprising such a switching device Active EP3095123B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014200681.3A DE102014200681A1 (en) 2014-01-16 2014-01-16 Switching device for switching high electrical currents and battery system with such a switching device
PCT/EP2015/050010 WO2015106975A1 (en) 2014-01-16 2015-01-02 Switching device for switching high electric currents, and battery system comprising such a switching device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3095123A1 true EP3095123A1 (en) 2016-11-23
EP3095123B1 EP3095123B1 (en) 2020-06-03

Family

ID=52292939

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15700013.4A Active EP3095123B1 (en) 2014-01-16 2015-01-02 Switching device for switching high electric currents, and battery system comprising such a switching device

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3095123B1 (en)
KR (1) KR102305065B1 (en)
CN (1) CN105900201B (en)
DE (1) DE102014200681A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015106975A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10168372B2 (en) 2016-12-14 2019-01-01 General Electric Company System and method for leakage current and fault location detection in electric vehicle DC power circuits
US10203363B2 (en) 2016-12-14 2019-02-12 General Electric Company DC leakage current detector and method of operation thereof for leakage current detection in DC power circuits
CN109637887B (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-10-01 北京航空航天大学 A kind of conversion type high-voltage DC contactor structure of contact terminal

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0641317Y2 (en) * 1988-05-30 1994-10-26 オムロン株式会社 Electromagnetic relay
JPH03246845A (en) 1990-02-23 1991-11-05 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Electromagnetic contactor
CN1088197C (en) * 1994-10-27 2002-07-24 西门子公司 Method for monitoring wear of at least one contact in a switching device and switching device designed therefor
DE19544926C1 (en) 1995-12-01 1997-04-30 Siemens Ag Method and device for monitoring the erosion of the contact pieces in a switching device
US5941370A (en) * 1996-09-10 1999-08-24 Nichols; Bruce W. Electrical contact wear
DE29720912U1 (en) * 1997-11-25 1998-01-22 Siemens AG, 80333 München Device for monitoring the contact wear of a contact piece
JP2000311574A (en) * 1999-04-28 2000-11-07 Texas Instr Japan Ltd Electrical apparatus
DE102004040289A1 (en) 2004-08-19 2006-02-23 Siemens Ag Protective switching device with electrical display and corresponding method
SI22960A (en) * 2009-01-13 2010-07-30 Eti Elektroelement D.D. Safety electrical switch with fusible cut-out
CN101813750B (en) * 2009-02-24 2014-04-16 施耐德电器工业公司 Device and method for detecting wear and aging of contactor
DE102010032456B4 (en) 2010-07-28 2012-11-29 Schaltbau Gmbh Electric contactor
CN202905574U (en) * 2012-10-17 2013-04-24 吉林龙鼎电气股份有限公司 Vacuum circuit breaker having electronic contact wear thickness detection device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2015106975A1 (en) 2015-07-23
CN105900201A (en) 2016-08-24
EP3095123B1 (en) 2020-06-03
CN105900201B (en) 2019-01-15
DE102014200681A1 (en) 2015-07-16
KR20160107180A (en) 2016-09-13
KR102305065B1 (en) 2021-09-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1829068B1 (en) Method and device for the safe operation of a switching device
DE102011103834B4 (en) SWITCHING SYSTEM FOR MOTOR VEHICLES, MOTOR VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A SWITCHING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DISCONNECTING A POWER PATH
DE102011014343A1 (en) Safety device for a power supply of a motor vehicle
EP3785285B1 (en) High-voltage switch, high-voltage electrical system in a motor vehicle, and method for operating a high-voltage switch
WO2016075106A1 (en) Motor vehicle supply network
DE102015224658B4 (en) Electromechanical circuit breaker
DE102014001708A1 (en) High-voltage vehicle electrical system
DE102009023801A1 (en) Safety device for disconnecting high voltage battery in e.g. electric vehicle from electric circuit during short circuit, has safety fuse connected parallel to pyrotechnical fuses, and series resistor connected upstream to safety fuse
DE102012018321A1 (en) Method for separation of traction battery of electrical vehicle from electrical load, involves connecting one of two contactors in series arrangement with precharge relay, and opening another contactor and/or precharge relay
DE102011122439A1 (en) Device and method for switching electrical load circuits
DE102012224223A1 (en) Battery system for hybrid drive vehicle, has monitoring device adapted to output signal, and control system that is arranged to bring plant or system into customized operating state and/or to send warning to operator of plant
EP3095123B1 (en) Switching device for switching high electric currents, and battery system comprising such a switching device
DE102014215279A1 (en) Fuse for a device to be protected
DE102009005228A1 (en) Protective device for galvanic cells
DE102016216829A1 (en) Separating device for separating an electrical connection between two components of a motor vehicle, and device with such a separating device
DE102013012578B4 (en) Device for securing an electrical line and method for operating a device arranged on an electrical line
DE102015000576A1 (en) Motor vehicle with switching device for a power-driven component
DE102011114997A1 (en) Contact arrangement for contactor that is utilized as safety switching elements in motor vehicle, has closing device controlled by control device that supplies current to closing device, such that force is cyclically exerted on contact
EP1829065A1 (en) Method and device for the secure operation of a switching device
DE102015225521B4 (en) Device for switching an electrical circuit, vehicle with such a device and a method for its operation
DE102014206511A1 (en) A method for monitoring the state of the contactor contacts of a controllable by means of an excitation coil contactor
WO2019025168A1 (en) Energy storage system and method for electrically disconnecting at least a first energy storage unit
DE102007033180A1 (en) Current breaker for motor vehicle electrical supply wires, especially power wires or battery cables, has first and second connector elements and a disconnecting unit
DE102012001150A1 (en) Power cable for connecting power supply with electric motor in e.g. electric car, has portion formed such that contact is produced between electric conductor and ground conductor by action of high pressure on surface of power cable
DE102018003892A1 (en) Storage device for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20160816

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20200219

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: ROBERT BOSCH GMBH

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1277887

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20200615

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502015012700

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200903

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200904

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20200603

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200903

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20201006

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20201003

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502015012700

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20210304

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20210102

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210102

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20210131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210131

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210102

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210102

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 1277887

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20210102

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210102

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20201003

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20150102

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20230324

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200603

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 502015012700

Country of ref document: DE