EP3089260B1 - Multiplex filter having dielectric substrates for the transmission of tm modes in a transversal direction - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a multiplex filter, which is particularly suitable for the transmission of TM modes in the transverse direction. When talking about the transmission of TM modes, or TM waves, only the electric field has components in the propagation direction and the magnetic fields are located only in the plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation. TM waves are therefore also known as e-waves. A multiplex filter in the context of this invention comprises a common connection and at least two signal line connections, wherein the at least two signal line connections to the common connection are connected to one another via a respective signal transmission path. The signal transmission direction may be both from the common port to one of the plurality of signal line ports (eg, in the form of a diplexer or multiplexer), as well as simultaneously from another one of the signal port ports to the other Common connection (for example in the form of a duplexer, in which two further connections are provided in addition to the one common connection). The respective signal transmission paths pass through different resonator chambers, so that different frequency ranges are filtered in them.

ISHIKAWA Y ET AL: "1.9 GHz compact low loss dielectric duplexer designed by dual mode waveguide transmission line method", 5 September 1994 shows the construction of a duplexer comprising various modules arranged in two rows of modules one behind the other, the individual modules of one row being connected to their adjacent module in the same row via grid openings. In each module a dielectric is arranged. This influences the resonance frequency. Tuning elements can be screwed into the module from outside at least one module to adjust the resonant frequency.

From the US 4,881,051 A a multiplexer is known. This comprises a housing in which different resonator chambers are arranged, which are interconnected via coupling openings. In the resonator chamber dielectrics are arranged, which are cut from a disk into pieces. The connections are located at different positions on the housing.

Out YOSHIO KOBAYASHI ET AL: "Bandpass Filters Using Electrically-Coupled TM010 Dielectric Rod Resonators", March 1, 1983 , a bandpass filter is known which comprises a plurality of resonator chambers which are connected to one another via an opening. Through this opening is a one-piece guided dielectric resonator, which is thereby arranged in all resonator chambers. Tuning screws can be screwed into the resonator chambers from outside to change the resonance frequency.

The US 6,072,378 A shows a resonator arrangement. A dielectric is arranged in a housing in order to be able to set the resonance frequency. Two of these housings are connected to each other via an opening. At least one signal connection is arranged on the housings.

In the US 6,714,096 B1 a waveguide filter is described in order to connect UHF TV amplifier to a common antenna can. Several resonator chambers are arranged one above the other and connected to each other by openings. Two over-couplings, which are arranged offset 90 ° to each other, connect two not directly adjacent resonator chambers.

From the US 5,576,674 A For example, a filter is known which has various resonators which are arranged one behind the other and have a dielectric. To match this filter, instructions are given according to which successive elements should be added.

From the WO 2014/128484 A1 For example, a high-frequency filter is known which comprises various resonator bodies. A resonator body consists of a dielectric, which has been coated with an electrically conductive layer. In order to allow coupling between different resonator bodies, part of the dielectric is not coated. Several of these resonator bodies can be arranged in a composite, wherein a coupling between the individual resonator bodies on the mismatches of the coatings is possible. The high-frequency filter can be operated, for example, as a duplex filter.

The publication by M. Hoeft and T. Magath, "Compact Base Station Filters Using TM Mode Dielectric Resonators" describes the construction of a high frequency filter comprising a plurality of dielectric resonators. The coupling between the individual resonators takes place parallel to the propagation direction of the H-field. A disadvantage of this structure is that an increased space requirement is required in order to realize the desired filter properties. The space requirement is the higher, the more signal transmission paths are to be formed.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a multiplex filter which is particularly suitable for transmitting TM modes in the transverse direction, this multiplex filter is to be built on the one hand to save space and on the other hand cost.

The object is achieved with respect to the multiplex filter by the features of independent claim 1. Within claim 20, a method for balancing such a multiplex filter is described. In the dependent claims are advantageous developments of the multiplex filter according to the invention or of the invention Method for adjusting the multiplexing filter specified.

The multiplex filter according to the invention has a housing which comprises a housing bottom, a housing cover spaced from the housing cover and a circumferential between the housing bottom and the housing cover housing wall. The housing bottom and the housing cover are preferably penetrated by a central axis. The multiplex filter also has at least n filter chambers, which are enclosed by the housing and / or at least one insert located in the housing.

In each of the n filter chambers, a dividing device consisting of metal or metal is formed, which divides each filter chamber into m resonator chambers, with m ≥ 2, each of which forms a resonator. The splitting devices are arranged parallel to the central axis or with a component predominantly parallel to the central axis and subdivide the filter chamber parallel to the central axis or with a component predominantly parallel to the central axis in m resonator chambers. The resonator chambers located in each filter chamber and thus the respective resonators are decoupled from each other by the splitters located in the respective filter chamber. Furthermore, at least n dielectrics are formed, of which at least one is arranged in each filter chamber. The multiplex filter has n-1 separators. The n filter chambers are arranged along a central axis that is perpendicular or with a component predominantly perpendicular to the H field of the TM modes, with two adjacent or along the central axis successive filter chambers are separated by a separator. Each of the n-1 separating devices has at least m coupling openings, via which two successive resonator chambers are coupled to one another in the signal transmission direction. The coupling between the resonator chambers is perpendicular to the H-fields of the TM modes and / or parallel to the central axis or with a component predominantly perpendicular to the H-fields of the TM modes and / or parallel to the central axis. A common connection is guided via a first opening in the housing into the first filter chamber and coupled in this with the m resonators of the m resonator chambers. The fact that the coupling is in particular perpendicular to the H-field of the TM modes, the resonator can be made very compact. Furthermore, m signal line connections are coupled via m openings in the housing with the m resonators in the m resonator chambers in the nth filter chamber. The or each of the n-1 separators consists of a metal layer to which one or both end faces of at least one or all n dielectrics is coated, wherein the at least one dielectric is integrally formed with the at least one of the n-1 separators and the coating of the metal layer has at least one recess as one of the coupling openings. The use of correspondingly coated dielectrics allows a further reduction of the high-frequency filter.

Additionally or alternatively, the splitting device is formed by a plurality of plated-through holes within one or all of the n dielectrics arranged in the filter chamber parallel or at least with a component parallel to the central axis are, whereby one or all of the n dielectrics is divided into m parts, wherein each of the m parts is located in one of the m resonator chambers of a filter chamber. This allows the use of a single dielectric, which is preferably formed from a ceramic.

Furthermore, the first filter chamber comprises a region in which the splitting device extends through the first dielectric only in a partial length of the diameter, whereby an opening region is formed in which the common connection is coupled to all the m resonators in the first filter chamber the opening area has a size or length which corresponds to less than 10%, preferably less than 20%, more preferably less than 30%, more preferably less than 40% and more preferably less than 50% of the smallest diameter of the first filter chamber. This makes it possible for a common port to be used as a common port. For example, a mobile radio antenna can be connected to this common connection via which signals are transmitted and received by the signals. Additionally or alternatively, the filter chambers and / or the dielectrics have a circular cross-section.

It is particularly advantageous that the individual filter chambers and thus the individual resonator chambers are stacked with the resonators one above the other, wherein the coupling is effected by coupling openings which are formed within the separating means. This coupling takes place in the signal transmission direction and thus perpendicular to the H-field. As a result, a very compact construction of the resonator is possible because a plurality of signal transmission directions are formed parallel to the central axis, which are decoupled from each other.

The method according to the invention for adjusting the multiplex filter comprises various method steps. In a method step, all coupling openings of the 1 + X-th separation device and / or the n-1-X-th separation device are closed at the beginning, wherein X is 0 at the beginning. In a further method step, a reflection parameter is measured at the common connection and / or at least one, preferably at all signal line connections. In addition, the resonance frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth or the coupling bandwidth are set to a desired value. With this method, the resonant frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth of m resonator chambers of a filter chamber can be set independently of other resonator chambers in other filter chambers to the desired value.

Another advantage of the multiplex filter according to the invention also exists if a diameter of at least one, preferably all filter chambers by at least one insert, in particular by an annular insert, which is based on the housing wall, defined and / or predetermined. This allows the resonance frequency to be adjusted. The particular form-fitting leaning of the insert on the housing wall also ensures that the insert is not displaced over time in its position.

The use of one, preferably of each filter chamber has adjacent to the inner wall of the housing wall segments of different thickness, whereby the volume of the individual resonator chambers of a filter chamber can be set independently or they differ from each other. By using such inserts, the flexibility of the multiplex filter according to the invention is further increased.

Another advantage of the multiplex filter according to the invention is when the inserts of at least two non-consecutive, ie adjacent n-filter chambers have an opening, wherein the at least two openings are interconnected by a channel which extends for example at least partially within the housing wall. In this channel, an electrical conductor runs, wherein the electrical conductor capacitively and / or inductively coupled to each other the two resonator chambers of the different filter chambers. In this way, despite the compact construction of the multiplex filter according to the invention, it is possible to achieve a coupling between two resonators which are not directly adjacent.

An advantage is also given if at least one anti-rotation element between at least one of the n-1 separating devices and the at least one insert and / or the adjacent dielectric is attached, which prevents the mutual rotation of these elements. It is also possible that at least one anti-rotation element between the housing bottom and / or the housing cover and / or the housing wall and the insert in the first filter chamber and the n-th filter chamber is attached, which prevents the mutual rotation of these elements. This ensures that the resonance frequencies and the group delay of the individual resonators do not change over time due to vibrations of the high-frequency filter.

Within the multiplex filter according to the invention, the n-type dielectrics may be disk-shaped, or all or some of the n-type dielectrics may differ completely or partially in their dimensions. It is also possible for all or at least one of the n dielectrics to completely or partially fill the volume of their respective filter chamber and thus of the m resonator chambers. Due to the geometric design and the arrangement of the dielectrics, the behavior of each resonator with respect to its resonator frequency and its coupling bandwidth can be adjusted accordingly.

In principle, it would also be possible for the dielectric to be composed within each filter chamber by m parts, which are preferably of the same size, each of the m parts being located in one of the m resonator chambers in a filter chamber, wherein between the m parts as a division device within the respective Filter chamber is formed a metal layer. This metal layer separates the individual resonator chambers from one another within a filter chamber, the metal layer being arranged parallel thereto or at least with a component parallel to the central axis. For example, a metal layer may be an electrically conductive coating on the side peripheral surface of the dielectric. Such a The electrically conductive coating must be applied only to the parts of the parts that are not in contact with the insert or any other part of the parts that has already been coated.

At least two or all of the n dielectrics or two or all of the m parts of at least one dielectric are made of different material. It is also possible that at least one or all of the n dielectrics preferably have at least one air-filled recess. Thereby, the resonance frequency for each resonator of a resonator chamber can be changed separately within a filter chamber.

The signal transmission direction extends each of the m signal line terminals either from the signal line terminal to the common terminal or from the common terminal to the signal line terminal. If the signal transmission direction extends from one or more of the signal line connections to the common connection, a resonator of a resonator chamber of a filter chamber is coupled to exactly one resonator of a resonator chamber a filter chamber adjacent in the signal transmission direction. This ensures that in the signal transmission direction towards the common connection a resonator chamber is coupled to exactly one further resonator chamber. In the reverse direction, in the case that the signal transmission direction extends from the common connection to one or more of the signal line connections, a resonator of a resonator chamber of a filter chamber is coupled to one or more resonators of a filter chamber adjacent in the signal transmission direction. This means, that in this case a resonator of a resonator chamber having more than one resonator is coupled by a plurality of resonator chambers of a further filter chamber. Thus, additional signal transmission paths can be created. However, this is preferable only when the signal transmission direction extends from the common terminal toward the m signal line terminals.

The coupling between the individual resonators is thereby increased, in that the dielectric in the first resonator is in contact with the first isolator and the dielectric in the nth resonator is in contact with the n-th th separator, the remaining dielectrics of the remaining n-2 resonators having both, the respective filter chamber limiting separators in contact. It is particularly advantageous if, in addition, the dielectric in the first resonator is additionally in contact with the housing cover and the dielectric in the nth resonator is in contact with the housing bottom. By the word "in contact", it is understood that at least two entities touch each other. The dielectrics of the n-filter chambers are preferably firmly connected to the respective separation device or the respective separation devices, whereby the coupling is improved.

In a further exemplary embodiment of the multiplex filter, the common connection is in central or eccentric contact with the dielectric in the first filter chamber. The dielectric in the first filter chamber has a recess into which protrudes the common terminal, whereby the common terminal is in contact with the first dielectric, or the dielectric in the first filter chamber has a continuous recess through which the common terminal extends, whereby the common terminal is in contact with the first dielectric and in contact with the first separator. The same applies to the m signal line connections. These are in central or eccentric contact with the dielectric, which is arranged in the m resonator chambers of the n-th filter chamber. The dielectric in the nth filter chamber has up to m recesses into which the m signal line terminals project, whereby the m signal line terminals are in contact with the nth dielectric, and / or the dielectric in the nth filter chamber is up to m through recesses through which the m signal line terminals extend through, whereby the m signal line terminals are in contact with the n-th dielectric and in contact with the n-1 th separator.

Another advantage of the multiplex filter according to the invention is also that the arrangement and / or the size and / or the cross-sectional shape of at least one coupling opening of one of the n-1 separation devices completely or partially to the arrangement and / or the size and / or the cross-sectional shape of a different coupling opening of the same n-1 separator or to a coupling opening of another of the n-1 separating devices. Alternatively or in addition thereto, the number of coupling openings in the n-1 separation devices may be completely or partially different from each other, or the number of coupling openings in one of the n-1 separation device for coupling a resonator is different from the number of coupling openings of the same separation device Coupling of a another resonator. As a result, the coupling between the individual resonators can be set to the desired value.

For further tuning of the high-frequency filter, it is also possible for at least one, preferably all, of the resonator chambers to have at least one additional opening to the outside of the housing, whereby at least one tuning element can be introduced into the resonator chamber of at least one filter chamber via this additional opening , The distance between the tuning element, which is introduced through the at least one additional opening in the at least one resonator chamber at least one filter chamber, can be changed to the corresponding respective dielectric within the at least one resonator in the at least one filter chamber. In this case, a plurality of tuning elements can be introduced into a resonator, wherein, for example, a tuning element consists entirely of a metal or a metallic coating, whereas the other tuning element comprises a dielectric material. The tuning element, which is made of a metallic material, can be used for coarse tuning and the tuning element comprising a dielectric material for fine tuning the resonant frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth of the corresponding resonator.

In this case, the distance between the at least one spacer element and the respective dielectric within the at least one of the m resonator chambers of the at least one of the n filter chambers can also be reduced to such an extent that it is in direct contact with this. The dielectric of at least one of the n filter chambers can also have at least one indentation, wherein the distance between the tuning element and the dielectric can be reduced such that the tuning element dips into the indentation of the respective dielectric and thus is in contact therewith. The tuning element occurs in this case in particular perpendicular to the signal transmission direction, ie preferably perpendicular to the central axis, into the at least one of the m resonator chambers of at least one of the n filter chambers.

The inventive method for adjusting the multiplex filter is repeated for the other filter chambers accordingly. After the resonant frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth of at least one resonator, preferably all resonators in the first and / or last, ie n-th filter chamber is set to the desired value, in a further method step at least one, preferably m or more coupling openings of the first + X-th separator and / or the n-1-X-th separator opened. Furthermore, the value of the counter variable X is increased by 1. Subsequently, the previous process steps are executed again. Again, a reflection factor at the common terminal and / or a reflection factor at at least one, preferably at all m signal line terminals are measured. Following this, the coupling openings are opened to the next resonators in the next filter chamber and the value of the counter variable is increased again. The equalization of the multiplex filter begins with the resonators, in which the common terminal and the m signal line terminals intervene, that is, in the resonators the outermost filter chamber, and ends at the resonators, which are arranged in the filter chamber (n odd) or the filter chambers (n straight) in the center of the multiplex filter.

In the event that the multiplex filter has an odd number of filter chambers, the filter chamber in the center of the multiplex filter must be used once for the measurement of the reflection factor at the common terminal and another time for the measurement of the reflection factor on at least one, preferably all of the m signal line connections. Depending on the measurement of the respective reflection factor, the coupling openings of the two separation devices surrounding the filter chamber in the center of the multiplex filter must be closed to the respective other connection, ie common connection or at least one, preferably all, of the signal line connections.

Following this, or if all coupling openings are opened in the case of an even number of filter chambers, the forward transmission factor and / or the backward transmission factor can be measured in addition to the reflection factors at the common connection and / or at least one, preferably only the m signal line connections become.

The resonance frequencies and / or the coupling bandwidths can be varied for each resonator chamber of a filter chamber and thus for each resonator in a filter chamber by changing the diameter of at least one resonator chamber of a filter chamber, for example by exchanging the at least one resonator chamber Use by another use with changed dimensions is possible. It is also possible for the arrangement and / or the number and / or the size and / or the cross-sectional shape of the at least one coupling opening to be changed by turning and / or exchanging the at least one separating device. The screwing in or turning out of at least one tuning element into at least one resonator chamber of a filter chamber likewise makes it possible to change the resonance frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth. Finally, the dielectric in a filter chamber can be replaced by another dielectric with changed dimensions and / or recesses.

Figur 1:

eine Explosionszeichnung des erfindungsgemäßen Multiplexfilters;

Figur 2:

eine Darstellung die erläutert, dass ein Magnetfeld senkrecht zur Signalübertragungsrichtung angeordnet ist;

Figur 3A

einen Querschnitt durch die erste Filter-kammer mit zwei Resonatorkammern, wobei das Dielektrikum einer Resonatorkammer mehrere Ausnehmungen aufweist;

Figur 3B

einen Querschnitt durch die n-te Filterkammer mit zwei Resonatorkammern, wobei das Dielektrikum einer Resonatorkammer eine Ausnehmung aufweist;

Figur 4A, 4B

einen Querschnitt durch die erste und n-te Filterkammer mit drei Resonatorkammern, die jeweils gleich groß sind;

Figur 5A

einen Querschnitt durch die erste Filterkammer mit vier Resonatorkammern, wobei der Einsatz ein Wandsegment mit unterschiedlicher Dicke aufweist, so dass sich die Volumen der einzelnen Resonatorkammern unterscheiden;

Figur 5B

einen Querschnitt durch die n-te Filterkammer mit vier Resonatorkammern, die jeweils gleich groß sind, aber eine unterschiedliche Anzahl an Ausnehmungen aufweisen;

Figur 6A

einen Längsschnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Multiplexfilters, wobei die Einsätze verschiedene Innendurchmesser aufweisen und die Dielektrika alle Filterkammern vollständig ausfüllen;

Figur 6B

einen Längsschnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Multiplexfilters, wobei die Trenneinrichtungen teilweise eine unterschiedliche Anzahl an Koppelöffnungen aufweisen und die Dielektrika die Filterkammern nicht vollständig ausfüllen;

Figur 7A

einen Längsschnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Multiplexfilters, wobei Abstimmelemente unterschiedlich weit in die einzelnen Filterkammern eingeführt sind;

Figur 7B

einen Längsschnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Multiplexfilters, wobei Abstimmelemente unterschiedlich weit in die einzelnen Dielektrika eingeführt sind, wobei die Dielektrika die jeweilige Filterkammer vollständig ausfüllen;

Figur 8

einen Längsschnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Multiplexfilters, wobei eine Überkopplung zwischen zwei Resonatorkammern stattfindet, die in nicht nebeneinander liegenden Filterkammern angeordnet sind, wobei zusätzliche Verdrehschutzelemente im Gehäuse ange-ordnet sind.

Figur 9

einen Längsschnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Multiplexfilters, wobei die Dielektrika zumindest an ihrer Stirnseite einen elektrisch leitfähigen Überzug aufweisen und als Trenneinrichtung fungieren;

Figur 10

ein Flussdiagramm, das erläutert, wie die Resonanzfrequenz und/oder die Koppelbandbreite zumindest eines Resonators in einer Resonatorkammer einer Filterkammer eingestellt wird, um das erfindungsgemäße Multiplexfilter abzugleichen;

Figur 11

ein weiteres Flussdiagramm, das erläutert, wie die Resonanzfrequenzen und/oder die Koppelbandbreiten für die weiteren Resonatoren in den anderen Filterkammern eingestellt werden, um das erfindungsgemäße Multiplexfilter abzugleichen;

Figur 12

ein weiteres Flussdiagramm, das erläutert, wie die Resonanzfrequenz und/oder die Koppelbandbreite für die Resonatoren in der Mitte, also in der mittleren Filterkammer des Multiplexfilters eingestellt wird;

Figur 13

ein weiteres Flussdiagramm, das erläutert, wie das erfindungsgemäße Multiplexfilter abgeglichen wird, nachdem in jeder Trenneinrichtung zumindest eine Koppelöffnung geöffnet ist; und

Figur 14

ein weiteres Flussdiagramm, das erläutert, durch welche Maßnahmen die Resonanzfrequenz und/oder die Koppelbandbreite innerhalb eines Resonators verändert werden kann.

Various embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawings. Same objects have the same reference numerals. The corresponding figures of the drawings show in detail:

FIG. 1:

an exploded view of the multiplex filter according to the invention;

FIG. 2:

a diagram illustrating that a magnetic field is arranged perpendicular to the signal transmission direction;

FIG. 3A

a cross section through the first filter chamber with two resonator, wherein the dielectric of a resonator has a plurality of recesses;

FIG. 3B

a cross section through the n-th filter chamber with two resonator, wherein the dielectric of a resonator has a recess;

Figure 4A, 4B

a cross section through the first and n-th filter chamber with three resonator chambers, each having the same size;

FIG. 5A

a cross section through the first filter chamber with four resonator, wherein the insert has a wall segment of different thickness, so that the volumes of the individual resonator differ;

FIG. 5B

a cross section through the n-th filter chamber with four resonator chambers, each having the same size, but having a different number of recesses;

FIG. 6A

a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the multiplex filter according to the invention, wherein the inserts have different inner diameters and the dielectrics fill all the filter chambers completely;

FIG. 6B

a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the multiplex filter according to the invention, wherein the separating means partially have a different number of coupling openings and the dielectrics do not completely fill the filter chambers;

FIG. 7A

a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the multiplex filter according to the invention, wherein tuning elements are inserted to different degrees in the individual filter chambers;

FIG. 7B

a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the multiplex filter according to the invention, wherein tuning elements are inserted to different degrees in the individual dielectrics, wherein the dielectrics fill the respective filter chamber completely;

FIG. 8

a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the multiplex filter according to the invention, wherein a cross-coupling between two resonator takes place, which are arranged in non-adjacent filter chambers, wherein additional anti-rotation elements are arranged in the housing.

FIG. 9

a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the multiplex filter according to the invention, wherein the dielectrics have at least on their front side an electrically conductive coating and act as a separator;

FIG. 10

a flowchart which explains how the resonance frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth of at least one resonator is set in a resonator chamber of a filter chamber to match the multiplex filter according to the invention;

FIG. 11

a further flowchart that explains how the resonance frequencies and / or the coupling bandwidths are set for the other resonators in the other filter chambers to match the multiplex filter according to the invention;

FIG. 12

a further flowchart which explains how the resonance frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth for the resonators in the middle, that is set in the middle filter chamber of the multiplex filter;

FIG. 13

a further flowchart which explains how the multiplex filter according to the invention is adjusted after at least one coupling opening is opened in each separating device; and

FIG. 14

a further flowchart which explains by which measures the resonance frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth can be changed within a resonator.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the multiplex filter 1 according to the invention in an exploded view. The multiplex filter 1 according to the invention comprises a housing 2, which has a housing bottom 3 and a housing cover 3 spaced from the housing cover 4 and a circumferential between the housing bottom 3 and the housing cover 4 housing wall 5. Within FIG. 1 the housing 2 is not shown together with the housing bottom 3, the housing cover 4 and the housing wall 5 for clarity. This is only off FIG. 6A shown. Both the housing cover 4 and the housing bottom 3 have at least one opening, via which a common connection 14 and up to m signal line connections 15 can be introduced. In this case, a common connection 14 is fed through the opening of the housing cover 4 to the multiplex filter 1 and up to m more signal line connections 15 through m openings in the housing bottom 3. The opening in the housing cover 4 need not be arranged in the center of the housing cover 4. It is also possible that the opening is arranged eccentrically.

The multiplex filter 1 also has n-filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n . In this case, n is a natural number with n ≥ 1, preferably n ≥ 2, more preferably n ≥ 3, more preferably n ≥ 4 and more preferably n ≥ 5. In each of the n filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ ,. .., 7 _n are arranged up to m resonator 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_2} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_2} , ..., 6 _{n_m} . M is also a natural number with m ≥ 1, preferably m ≥ 2, more preferably m ≥ 3, more preferably m ≥ 4 and more preferably m ≥ 5.

With regard to nomenclature, within this invention, for example, for 6 _{1_m} , the first subscript number, here "1", indicates the number of the filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ ,..., 7 _n, and the value for this number therefore ends at "n " walk can. The second number, here "m", indicates the number of the resonator chamber within the respective filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ ,..., 7 _n and can therefore go to "m". About such a nomenclature all resonator 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_2} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_2} , ..., 6 _{n_m} within the filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n addressable.

Within each filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n is at least one dielectric 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _n . This dielectric 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n is preferably disk-shaped or cylindrical. It extends over the entire volume of the respective filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n or only over a part thereof.

The individual resonator 6 _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., 6 _{n m} each filter chamber 7 _1, 7 _2, ..., 7 _n n from each other by dividing means 13 ₁ , 13 ₂ , ..., 13 _n decoupled. These subdivisions 13 ₁ , 13 ₂ ,..., 13 _n are preferably arranged parallel to the central axis 12 and / or parallel to the m signal transmission devices 21 ₁ ,... 21 _m and subdivide the n filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ ,. .., 7 _n parallel to the central axis 12 in each m resonator _chambers 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_2} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_2} , ..., 6 _{n_m} .

The n division means 13 _1, 13 _2, ..., 13 _n are, for example, by a plurality of vias within the dielectric 8 _1, 8 _2, ... 8 _n formed. The plated-through holes are in the dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ... 8 _n , which are arranged in the filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n , parallel or at least with a component parallel to the central axis 12 and / or to one of the signal transmission directions 21 ₂ , ... 21 _m arranged. This makes the n Dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ... 8 _{n divided} into m parts, each of the m parts in one of the m resonator 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_2} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_2} , ... , 6 _{n_m} a filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ... 7 _n is located. One can also say that due to the n partitioning devices 13 _1, 13 _2, ..., 13 _n until the resonator 6 m _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., 6 _{n_m be} formed. The plated-through holes are preferably bores whose inner walls are galvanized with an electrically conductive layer. The vias may be arranged in a row. However, it is also possible for a plurality of rows of plated-through holes to be arranged directly adjacent to one another in parallel.

It is also possible that the dielectric 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ... 8 _n within each filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ... 7 _{n composed} of m parts, which are preferably the same size, each of the m Parts in one of the m resonator 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_2} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_2} , ..., 6 _{nm of} a filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ... 7 _n is located. Between the individual m parts within the respective filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ... 7 _n , a metal layer is formed, which forms the splitting device 13 ₁ , 13 ₂ , ... 13 _n . Thereby, the individual resonator 6 _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., 6 _{n m} within a filter chamber 7 _1, 7 _2, ... 7 _n separated from each other, whereby the Metal layer parallel to or at least with a component parallel to the central axis 12 or to a signal transmission direction 21 ₁ , ... 21 _{m is} arranged. The metal layer may be, for example, an electrically conductive coating. Preferably, only that surface of the side peripheral surface of the m parts is coated so that the other m parts of the dielectric 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ... 8 _n directly adjacent, which are not covered with such an electrically conductive layer. Of course, all side peripheral surfaces of the m parts can be coated with the electrically conductive layer.

In this connection, it is also possible that two or all of the m parts which, within a filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ ,... 7 _n, form one of the n dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n , made of a different material. Of course, the same also applies to the n dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n with one another, should they be formed in one piece.

The m parts of one of the n dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n or the one-piece n dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n have one or more recesses 16 preferably filled with air. Instead of using air, these recesses 16 can also be filled with a material which has a permeability which differs from the permeability of the n dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n .

The individual filter chambers 7 _1, 7 _2, ..., 7 _n are by separation devices 9 _1, 9 _2, ... 9 _n-1 separated from each other. These separating devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,... 9 _n-1 are preferably cutting discs. These separators 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n-1 are made of an electrically conductive material or are coated with such. Each of these separating devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n-1 has at least one coupling opening 10. The size, the geometric shape, the number and the arrangement of the coupling opening 10 within the respective separating device 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n-1 can be chosen arbitrarily and by separating device 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ... , 9 _n-1 to separator 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n-1 differ.

The diameter of the coupling openings 10 is, depending on the frequency range, for example, only a fraction of a millimeter. It can be several millimeters, especially at low frequencies. The separating devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n-1 are preferably thinner than the dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n . The separating devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n-1 are preferably only a few millimeters thick, preferably they are thinner than 3 millimeters, more preferably they are thinner than 2 millimeters.

Each filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n may also comprise at least one insert 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , ..., 11 _n . Such an insert 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ ,..., 11 _n is preferably a ring which, with its outer surface, preferably bears in a form-fitting manner against an inner surface of the housing wall 5. Such an insert 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , ..., 11 _n , which is electrically conductive, can be used to adjust the volume of the filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n , and thus to adjust the volume of the individual resonator 6 _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., 6 _{n m} are used, and thus allows adjustment of the resonant frequency of the multiplex filter.

In the embodiment FIG. 1 In addition, a central axis 12 is shown, which passes through the multiplexing filter 1. The central axis 12 preferably passes through the entire housing 2, in particular the housing bottom 3 and the housing cover 4. Preferably, all filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n from the central axis 12 passes through centrally or eccentrically. In the embodiment FIG. 1 There are two signal transmission directions 21 ₁ and 21 ₂ , because m takes the value "2". Basically, there are "m" signal transmission directions 21 ₁ , 21 ₂ , ..., 21 _m . The signal transmission directions 21 ₁ , 21 ₂ ,..., 21 _m preferably run parallel to the central axis 12. The filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ ,..., 7 _n are arranged one above the other. Each filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n therefore has a maximum of two directly adjacent filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n , wherein the filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n from each other are separated by the respective separation means 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n-1 . A coupling of the individual resonators of the resonator 6 _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., 6 _{n m} of two filter chambers 7 _1, 7 _2, ..., 7 _n only via the respective coupling openings 10 within the separators 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n-1 possible. A coupling of the individual resonators of the resonator 6 _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., 6 _{n n_m} a filter chamber 7 _1, 7 _2, ..., 7 is not possible , or by more than a factor 100, preferably by more than 1000-fold weaker than the coupling of two resonators of two resonator chambers 6 _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 ... _{n_2r} , 6 _{n_m} , which are coupled to each other via the coupling openings 10 within the separators 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n-1 .

The coupling of the individual resonators of the resonator 6 _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., 6 _{n m} is carried out parallel to the respective signal transmission device 21 _1, 21 _2, ..., 21 _m . The H-field 20 propagates perpendicular to the respective signal transmission direction 21 ₁ , 21 ₂ , ..., 21 _m .

All filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n are penetrated by the central axis 12. The central axis 12 is perpendicular to the end face of the respective dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _n within the filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n . The inner wall of the housing 5 of the multiplex filter 1 is preferably cylindrical in cross section. The same applies to the inner wall of the respective inserts 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , ..., 11 _n . Other shapes in cross section are also possible. For example, the inner walls in cross section in plan view may correspond to or approximate the shape of a rectangle or a square or an oval or a regular or irregular n-polygon.

The signal transmission device 21 _1, ..., 21 _m runs for each of the n signal line terminals 15 _1, 15 _2, ..., 15 _m from either the signal line terminal 15 _1, 15 _2, ..., 15 _m toward the common- Terminal 14 or from the common terminal 14 to the signal line terminal 15 ₁ , 15 ₂ , ..., 15 _m . The signal transmission direction 21 ₁ ,..., 21 _m can run in different directions for the individual ones of the n signal line connections 15 ₁ , 15 ₂ ,..., 15 _m . The signal transmission device 21 _1, ..., 21 _m runs from one or more of m signal line terminals 15 _1, 15 _2, ..., 15 _m toward the common terminal 14, wherein a resonator of a resonator chamber 6 _{1_1,} 6 _{1_2,} ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., 6 _{n m} a filter chamber 7 _1, 7 _2, ..., 7 _n by exactly one resonator a resonator 6 _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 is coupled _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., 6 _{n m} in a direction of signal transmission 21 _1, ..., 21 _m adjacent filter chamber 7 _1, 7 _2, ..., 7 _n. This fact is also in FIG. 1 shown. Each resonator 6 _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., 6 _{n m} a filter chamber 7 _1, 7 _2, ..., 7 _n at least one coupling opening 10 of a n-1 separator 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n-1 with exactly one further resonator 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_2} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_2} , ..., 6 _{n_m} one in signal transmission direction 21 ₁ , ..., 21 _m adjacent filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n coupled.

Within FIG. 1 This applies both when the signal transmission direction 21 ₁ , ..., 21 _m from one or more of m signal line connections 15 ₁ , 15 ₂ , ..., 15 _m to the common port 14 extends, as well as when the signal transmission direction 21st ₁ , ..., 21 _m from the common terminal 14 to one or more m signal line terminals 15 ₁ , 15 ₂ , ..., 15 _m extends.

In a non-illustrated embodiment, individual resonator 6 6 _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., _{n m} a filter chamber 7 _1, 7 _2, ..., 7 _n in signal transmission direction 21 _1, ..., 21 _m, with more than just a resonator 6 _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., 6 _{n m} in a direction of signal transmission 21 _1, ... , 21 _m arranged filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _{n be} coupled. The signal transmission device 21 _1, ..., 21 _m extends in this case from the common terminal 14, to one or more of m signal line terminals 21 _1, ..., 21 _m, wherein a resonator of a resonator chamber 6 _{1_1,} 6 _{1_2,} ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_2} , ..., 6 _{n_m of} a filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ ,..., 7 _n with one or more resonators in the signal transmission direction 21 ₁ ,..., 21 _m adjacent filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _{n is} coupled. This allows individual resonator 6 _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., 6 _{n m} a filter chamber 7 _1, 7 _2, ... 7 _n-1 of at least be passed through two signal transmission paths.

The n-1 separators 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n-1 are preferably each composed of a separating plate which is made of metal. The coupling openings 10 can in this Separating plates are introduced for example by means of a laser or a punching process or a milling process.

FIG. 2 shows a representation that explains that a magnetic field 20 (H field), is arranged perpendicular to the signal transmission direction 21 ₁ . The magnetic field lines thereby propagate radially outward about the signal transmission direction 21 ₁ . The central axis 12 and the signal transmission direction 21 ₁ are in the embodiment of FIG. 1 not congruent, but parallel to each other. The same applies to the further signal transmission direction 21 ₂ ,..., 21 _m with respect to the central axis 12.

FIG. 3A shows a cross section through the first filter _chamber 7 ₁ with two resonator 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_m} , wherein the dielectric 8 ₁ a resonator 6 _{1_1 a} plurality of recesses 16 has.

The first filter chamber 7 ₁ is limited by a first insert 11 ₁ in its volume, wherein the first insert 11 ₁ adjacent to an inner wall of the housing wall 5 is arranged. The common connection 14 is centered, that is arranged centrally in the first filter chamber 7 ₁ and coupled thereto. The common terminal 14 coupled with the first and the second (m = 2) resonator 6 _{1_1,} 6 _{1_m,} wherein the first resonator has a plurality of recesses sixteenth These recesses 16 are preferably filled with air and arranged symmetrically with respect to an axis AA '. The axis AA 'extends transversely to the central axis 12 and divides the first resonator _chamber 6 _{1_1} into two equal areas. The m resonator chambers 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_m of} the first filter _chamber 7 ₁ are the same size. This also applies to the further m resonator chambers 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_m of} the further filter chambers 7 ₂ ,..., 7 _n . It may also be that the m resonator chambers 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_m of} the n filter _chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ ,..., 7 _{n are of} different sizes.

The first filter chamber 7 ₁ comprises a region in which the splitting device 13 ₁ extends through the first dielectric 8 ₁ only in a partial length of the diameter. Characterized an opening portion 30 is formed, in which the common terminal 14 with all m resonators of the resonator 6 m _{1_1,} 6 _{1_m} is coupled into the first filter chamber 7. ₁ The opening area 30 has a size or length which is less than 10%, preferably less than 20%, more preferably less than 30%, more preferably less than 40% and more preferably less than 50% of the smallest diameter of the first filter chamber 7 ₁ equivalent.

Depending on the desired strength of the coupling in one of the m resonator _chambers 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_m} , the common connection can be arranged closer to or closer to the other resonator _chamber 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_m} and thus _{eccentrically} . Also, the first division device 13 ₁ may be configured such that the coupling between the common pole 14 towards one of the two resonator chambers 6 _{1_1,} 6 _{1_m} is stronger than to the other.

FIG. 3B shows a cross section through the n-th filter chamber 7 _n with two resonator 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_m} , wherein the dielectric 8 _{n of} the filter chamber 7 _n in the region of a resonator 6 _{n_1} a recess 16 has. shown is further that the insert 11 _{n has} a smaller inner diameter than the insert 11 ₁ made FIG. 3A , This means that the volume of the n-th filter chamber 7 _{n is} smaller than the volume of the first filter chamber 7 ₁ FIG. 3A , In contrast to FIG. 3A there is no opening area 30. The signal line terminals 15 ₁ , 15 _m (here: m = 2) are off-center on the housing bottom 3, not shown, and thus arranged eccentrically on the dielectric 8 _n .

The number of recesses 16 in each resonator chamber 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_m} may be partially or completely different from the number of recesses in the other resonator chambers 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_m of} the same filter chamber 7 _n .

FIG. 4A shows a cross section through the first filter chamber 7 ₁ , wherein the common terminal 14 with three resonator 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_2} , 6 _{1_m} the first filter _chamber 7 _{1 is} coupled, all of the same size. The splitting device 13 ₁ consists in this case of m webs, which are arranged at α = 360 ° / m spaced from each other. Around the common connection 14 an opening region 30 is again formed, which in this case is characterized not by a length but by a diameter, the diameter being less than 10%, preferably less than 20%, more preferably less than 30%. , more preferably less than 40% and more preferably less than 50% of the smallest diameter of the first filter chamber 7 ₁ corresponds. Within this opening region 30, the splitting device 13 _{1 is} not formed, so that a coupling between the common connection 14 and the m resonator _chambers 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_ 2} , 6 _{1_m} can take place. The points of the dotted opening area 30 are free of vias of any kind and are intended to symbolize only the opening area 30 itself.

The m resonator _chambers 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_ 2} , 6 _{1_m} have a different number of recesses 16, which in turn at least partially have a different size.

FIG. 4B shows a cross section through the n-th filter chamber 7 _n with three resonator 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_2} , 6 _{n_m} , which are each the same size. The m resonator chambers 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_ 2} , 6 _{n_m} are not coupled together. Within each of these m resonator chambers 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_2} , 6 _{n_m} is located for coupling or decoupling one of m signal line terminals 15 ₁ , 15 ₂ , ..., 15 _m . The dielectric 8 _m has a different number of recesses 16, which differ in size at least partially, wherein the recesses 16 in each case different resonator 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_2} , 6 _{n_m} are arranged.

The recesses 16 may completely penetrate the dielectric 8 _m or be designed only as a "blind bore" or "blind hole".

FIG. 5A shows a cross section through the first filter _chamber 7 ₁ with four resonator 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_2} , 6 _{1_3} , 6 _{1_m} , wherein the insert 11 _{1 has} a wall segment 45 having a thickness which differs from the thickness of the remaining wall segments, so that distinguishes the volume of at least one resonator chamber 6 _{1_3 n_m} of the volume of the other resonator 6 _{n_1,} 6 _{n_2,.} 6 The fat the at least one wall segment 45 can also be alternating, for example, in the in FIG. 5A illustrated cross section, the wall segment 45 have a sawtooth shape.

The opening region 30 is selected such that the common connection 14 is coupled to all the m resonators of the m resonator _chambers 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_ 2} , 6 _{1_ 3} , 6 _{1_m} , the m resonator _chambers 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_ 2} , 6 _{1_ 3} , 6 _{1_m} a has different number of recesses 16, which differ partially or completely from each other both in their number, as well as in their size, as well as in their shape. The recesses 16 may correspond in plan view, for example, the shape of a rectangle and / or a square and / or an oval and / or a regular or irregular n-polygon or be approximated to this. The corners of these recesses 16 may for example be additionally rounded.

The splitting device 13 ₁ consists of m spaced-apart webs, the individual m webs are spaced from each other by α = 360 ° / m. In this case, the webs are spaced 90 ° apart.

FIG. 5B shows a cross section through the n-th filter chamber 7 _n with four resonator 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_2} , 6 _{n_3} , 6 _{n_m} , which are each the same size, but have a different number of recesses 16. The dividing means 11 prevents _n that the individual resonator 6 _{n_1,} 6 _{n_2,} 6 _{n_3,} 6 are _{n_m} coupled together. The splitting device 11 _n consists of m webs, which are preferably connected to one another in the middle, that is to say in the center of the n-th filter chamber 7 _n . With each of the m Resonator chambers 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_2} , 60_ ₃ , 6 _{n_m} is one of n signal line connections 15 ₁ , 15 ₂ , 15 ₃ , 15 _m coupled.

FIG. 6A shows a longitudinal section through the inventive multiplex filter 1, the plurality of filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n with the respective resonator 6 _{1_1} , 6 _{1_2} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , 6 _{n_2} , .. ., 6 _{n_m} shows, which are coupled to each other via coupling openings 10 in the separators 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n-1 . The common connection 14 is inserted through an opening in the housing cover 4 into the first filter chamber 7 ₁ . On the other hand, m signal line connections 15 ₁ ,..., 15 _m are each guided through an opening in the housing bottom 3 and coupled to the m resonators 6 _{n_} 1,..., 6 _{n_m} in the n th filter chamber 7 _n .

A distance between the first dielectric 8 ₁ and the housing cover 4 is not present. The same applies to the n-th dielectric 8 _n , which is also in contact with the housing bottom 3 with its front side. A distance between the n-th dielectric 8 _n and the housing bottom 3 is not present. The elements of the high-frequency filter 1, so for example the inserts 11 ₁ , ..., 11 _n , the dielectrics 8 ₁ , ..., 8 _n , the separators 9 ₁ , ..., 9 _n-1 and the housing cover 4, or housing bottom 3 are preferably pressed together. This pressing manifests itself, for example, in that the individual dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n partially protrude into the individual separating devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n-1 .

The first dielectric 8 ₁ in the first filter chamber 7 ₁ has a recess into which the common terminal 14 protrudes. As a result, it is in contact with the first dielectric 8 ₁ . The same applies to the nth Dielectric 8 _n in the n-th filter chamber 7 _n , based on the m signal line connections 15 ₁ , ..., 15 _m .

The multiplex filter 1 off FIG. 6A has five filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , 7 ₃ , 7 ₄ , ..., 7 _n , each having m resonator 6 _{1_1} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , ..., 6 _{n_m} own. Each resonator 6 _{1_1,} ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, ..., 6 _{n m} by a separating device 9 _1, 9 _2, 9 _3, ..., 9 _n-1 of the other resonator 6 _{1_1,} ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , ..., 6 _{n_m} separated, ie decoupled. Each filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , 7 ₃ , 7 ₄ , ..., 7 _n comprises a dielectric 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , 8 ₃ , 8 ₄ , ..., 8 _n .

In the embodiment FIG. 6A fill the individual dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _n, the volume of the respective filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n completely. Although the dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n have the same dimensions with respect to their respective height in this embodiment, they differ in their respective diameters from one another. They could all be the same diameter. In this case, the inserts 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , 11 ₃ , 11 ₄ , ..., 11 _{n would} all have the same inner diameter. Within FIG. 6A Although the outer diameter for all inserts 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , 11 ₃ , 11 ₄ , ..., 11 _{n is} the same, the wall thickness, so the inner diameter is different. This means that the volume of the individual filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ ,..., 7 _{n is} different. The outer surfaces of the inserts 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , ..., 11 _n, so the peripheral wall is in contact with an inner surface of the housing wall 5. The electrically conductive housing cover 4 is both in electrical contact with a front side of the housing 5, as well with an end face of the first insert 11 ₁ . The housing bottom 3 is also in electrical contact with the housing 5 and an end face of the nth insert 11 _n .

It is noted at this point that the housing 5 may be electrically conductive, that is, for example, may be made of metal, but not necessarily. In other words, the housing 5 can be made of any other material, in particular of an electrically non-conductive material such as a dielectric or plastic. The function of the housing 5 is to mechanically hold together and mechanically fix the components located in the interior of the housing 5. However, the housing 5 can only consist of a dielectric, if it is ensured that the filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n are shielded from the environment of the multiplex filter ₁ . Such shielding can for example be done by the inserts 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , ..., 11 _n .

The separating devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n-1 have an outer diameter which preferably corresponds to an inner diameter of the housing wall 5. This means that an outer surface, ie a circumferential wall of each separating device 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n-1 touches the inner surface of the housing 5, ie is in mechanical contact therewith. The coupling openings 10 of a separating device 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n-1 may differ from the coupling openings of the other separating devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n-1 with respect to their arrangement, ie orientation and / or their number and / or their size and / or their cross-sectional shape. The coupling openings 10 of a separating device 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n-1 may themselves also be different with respect to their arrangement, ie orientation and / or their number and / or their size and / or their cross-sectional shape. Within the embodiment of FIG. 6A The coupling openings 10 of the individual separation devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _{n-1 have} a different diameter and are arranged, for example, at different locations of the separation devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n-1 . The number of coupling openings 10 may also differ. The coupling openings 10 connect the individual resonator 6 _{1_1, 1_2} 6, ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, 6 _{n_2,} ..., 6 _{n m} of the individual filter chambers 7 _1, 7 _2, ..., 7 _n to each other, being surrounded by the dielectric 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _{n of} the adjacent filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n . An electrically conductive insert 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ ,..., 11 _n can not cover a coupling opening 10. It is also possible that the cross-sectional shape of the individual coupling openings 10 changes over the length, that is, over the height. Between the individual separation devices 9 _1, 9 _2, ..., 9 _n-1 and the inserts 11 _1, 11 _2, ..., 11 _n typically is no cavity. The same applies preferably also to the first insert 11 ₁ and the housing cover 4, as well as to the nth insert 11 _n and the housing bottom 3.

Between the inserts 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , ..., 11 _n and the separators 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n-1 and the housing wall 5 is usually also no distance.

The dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _n are also in contact with their respective separator 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _{n_1} . The dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n can be pressed and / or soldered to the respective separating devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n-1 .

Preferably, the inserts 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , ..., 11 _n with the corresponding separation devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n-1 form fit pressed together and / or soldered. As a result, a rotation of the individual elements is prevented from each other, whereby the electrical properties of the high-frequency filter 1 does not change over a longer period.

The splitters 131, ..., 13n are also shown. These share the filter chambers 7 _1, 7 _2, ..., 7 _n over the entire thickness of the dielectrics 8 _1, ..., 8 _n in the resonator 6 m _{1_1,} ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6. .., 6 _{n_m} on. The first splitting device is shown in dashed lines, because in this still the opening portion 30 is indicated for the common coupling with the common terminal 14.

FIG. 6B shows a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the multiplex filter according to the invention 1. The first dielectric 8 ₁ is arranged with its end face spaced from the housing cover 4.

The common terminal 14 touches the end face of the first dielectric 8 _first The common terminal is therefore in contact with the first dielectric 8 ₁ . The further m signal line connections 15 ₁ ,..., 15 _{m also} touch an end face of the n th dielectric 8 _n , and are in contact therewith. The end face of the n-th dielectric 8 _n is also spaced from the housing bottom 3 and does not touch it, so it is not in contact with this.

In the embodiment FIG. 6B fill the individual dielectrics 8 _1, 8 _2, ..., 8 _n the volume of the respective filter chamber 7 _1, 7 _2, ..., 7 _n are not completely.

The coupling openings 10 connect the individual resonator 6 _{1_1,} ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, ..., 6 _{n m} of the individual filter chambers 7 _1, 7 _2, ..., 7 _n with each other to free the one hand of the Volume of a resonator 6 ₁ , 6 ₂ , ..., 6 _n or of the dielectric 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _{n of} the resonator 6 ₁ , 6 ₂ , ..., 6 _{n are} surrounded.

FIG. 7A shows a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the multiplex filter _{1 according} to the invention, wherein tuning _elements 40 _{1_1} , ..., 40 _{1_m} , to 40 _{n_1} ..., 40 _{n_m} different distances in the individual filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n and thus in the individual resonator 6 _{1_1} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , ..., 6 _{n_m are} introduced.

At least one tuning _element each 40 _{1_1} , ..., 40 _{1_m} , to 40 _{n_1} ..., 40 _{n_m} is at least one through an additional opening 41 _{1_1} , ..., 41 _{1_m} , to 41 _{n_1} ..., 41 _{n_m} Filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 introduced _n . Preferably, a plurality of tuning _elements 40 _{1_1} , ..., 40 _{1_m} , to 40 _{n_1} ..., 40 _{n_m introduced} into the filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n , so preferably at least one tuning element 40 _{1_1} , .. ., 40 _{1_m, n_m} to 40 _{n_1} ..., 40 in each resonator 6 _{1_1,} ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, ..., 6 is arranged _{n_m.} The openings 41 _{1_1} , ..., 41 _{1_m} , to 41 _{n_1} ..., 41 _{n_m} extend through the housing wall 5 and through the corresponding insert 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , ..., 11 _n into the filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n into it. The corresponding tuning _element 40 _{1_1} , ..., 40 _{1_m} , to 40 _{n_1} ..., 40 _{n_m} can then be turned into or out of the respective filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ ,..., 7 _n . The distance between the tuning _element 41 _{1_1} , ..., 41 _{1_m} , to 41 _{n_1} ..., 41 _{n_m} and the respective dielectric 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _n is variable. The respective opening 40 _{1_1} , ..., 40 _{1_m} , to 40 _{n_1} ..., 40 _{n_m} preferably runs perpendicular to Signal propagation direction 21 ₁ , ..., 21 _m and thus also perpendicular to the central axis 12th

The distance of the at least one tuning _element 40 _{1_1} , ..., 40 _{1_m} , to 40 _{n_1} ..., 40 _{n_m} to the respective dielectric 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _n in the filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n is reducible as far as that _n with the dielectric 8 _1, 8 _2, ..., 8 is in contact, so touches it.

The n-th dielectric 8 _n in the n-th filter chamber 7 _n also has a recess, so that n-th tuning elements 40 _n-1 , ..., 40 _nm can dip into the n-th dielectric 8 _n .

FIG. 7B shows a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the multiplex filter according to the invention 1. The dielectric 8 ₁ in the first filter chamber 7 ₁ has a continuous recess through which the common terminal 14 extends therethrough. The common terminal 14 comes directly into contact with the first separator 9 _first The same also applies to at least one or all of the m signal line connections 15 ₁ ,..., 15 _m , which extend through one or m continuous recesses in the n th dielectric 8 _{n of} the n th filter chamber 7 _n and in contact with the n-1-th separator 9 _n-1 stand.

The part of the common connection 14 or the m signal line connections 15 ₁ ,..., 15 _m , which is in contact with the respective dielectric 8 ₁ , 8 _n or with the respective separation device 9 ₁ , 9 _n-1 , runs parallel to Central axis 12, or parallel to the signal transmission direction 21 ₁ , ..., 21 _m . The other parts of the common connection 14 or the m signal line connections 15 ₁ ,..., 15 _m do not have to run parallel to the signal transmission direction 21 ₁ ,..., 21 _m , or to the central axis 12. Preferably, those parts of the common connection 14 or the m signal line connections 15 ₁ ,..., 15 _m run parallel to the signal transmission direction 21 ₁ ,..., 21 _m , which extend within the first or n-th filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 _n are located.

FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the multiplex filter 1 according to the invention, wherein a coupling between two resonator 6 _{1_1} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , ..., 6 _{n_m} takes place in not adjacent filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n are arranged, wherein additional anti-rotation elements 62 are arranged in the housing

The inserts 11 _1, 11 _2, ..., 11 _n of at least two not directly adjacent resonator cavities 6 _{1_1,} ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, ..., 6 _{n m} each have an opening 50 _1, 50 ₂ on. The at least two openings 50 ₁ , 50 ₂ are interconnected by a channel 51, this channel 51 preferably parallel to the signal propagation direction 21 ₁ , ..., 21 _m , that is parallel to the central axis 12. This channel 51 extends at least partially within the housing wall 5. It is also possible that the parallel course of this channel 51 is completely within the housing wall 5. It is also possible that this channel 51 does not run within the housing wall 5, but only through the inserts 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , ..., 11 _n and the separating devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n lying therebetween _-1 . Within the channel 51 extends an electrical conductor 52. This electrical conductor 52 couples the at least two resonator _chambers 6 _{1_m} , 6 _{3_m} capacitively and / or inductively with each other. The at least two resonator _chambers 6 _{1_m} , 6 _{3_m} are also part of a signal transmission path without the coupling. A first end 53 _{1 of} the electrical conductor 52 is connected to the first separator 9 ₁ . The first end 53 _{1 of} the electrical conductor 52 preferably runs parallel to the signal propagation direction 21 ₁ ,..., 21 _m and thus parallel to the central axis 12. A second end 53 _{2 of} the electrical conductor 52 is galvanically connected to the third separator 9 ₃ . The second end 53 ₂ likewise preferably runs parallel to the signal propagation direction 21 ₁ ,..., 21 _m and thus parallel to the central axis 12. The first and second ends 53 ₁ , 53 ₂ can be connected to the respective separating devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,. .. 9 _{n-1 be connected} for example by means of a solder joint. Through the electrical conductor 52, a coupling between two resonators within the resonator 6 _{1_1} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , ..., 6 _{n_m} achieved, whereby a steeper filter edge of the multiplex filter 1 can be achieved.

The electrical conductor 52, which extends within the channel 51, is within this preferably via dielectric spacers, not shown, of the walls which surround the channel 51, electrically separated and held by these in its position.

However, a first end 53 _{1 of} the electrical conductor 52 may also be connected to the housing cover 4, as shown in dashed lines.

A second end 53 _{2 of} the electrical conductor 52 may also be connected to the second separator 9 ₂ , as shown in dashed lines.

The first dielectric 8 ₁ and the third dielectric 8 ₃ , between whose resonator _chambers 6 _{1_m} , 6 _{3_m} an over-coupling is to take place, have a preferably continuous slot 80 in the longitudinal direction. This continuous slot 80 can be introduced, for example, by means of a diamond saw in the existing of a ceramic dielectric 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _n . Within this slot 80, at least the first end 53 ₁ and the second end 53 _{2 of} the electrical conductor 52 is arranged.

So that the filter properties do not change during operation, the elements arranged within the multiplex filter 1 are secured against rotation. This is done by a plurality Verdrehschutzelemente 62, which prevent twisting. The anti-rotation elements 62 may consist of a combination between a projection and a receiving opening. For example, the housing cover 4 may have a projection which engages in a corresponding receiving opening within the first insert 11 ₁ . The anti-rotation elements 62 are preferably between at least one of the n-1 separators 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n and the at least one insert 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , ..., 11 _n and / or the adjacent dielectric. 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _n attached. Preferably, however, is ever a Verdrehschutzelement 62 between the housing bottom 3 and / or the housing cover 4 and / or the housing wall 5 and the insert 11 ₁ in the first filter chamber 7 ₁ and the insert 11 _n in the n-th filter chamber 7 _n mounted, the prevents the mutual rotation of those elements which are arranged closest to the common terminal 14 and / or to the m signal line terminals 15 ₁ , ..., 15 _m . This also prevents twisting of those elements which are arranged further inside the multiplexing filter 1.

The multiplex filter 1 is preferably realized in stacked construction, wherein all the filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n are arranged one above the other. The Verdrehschutzelemente 62 thereby prevent the electrical properties of the individual resonator 6 _{1_1,} ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, ..., 6 _{n m} within the filter chambers 7 _1, 7 _2, ..., 7 _n, to which, for example, the resonance frequencies belong, change.

FIG. 9 shows a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the multiplex filter according to the invention 1. The separator 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _n-1 is an integral part of each dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ , ..., 8 _n . This means that one or both end faces of each of the n-type dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n are coated with a metal layer. This metal layer then represents one of the n-1 separation devices 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n-1 . A recess 90 within the metal layer, ie within the coating, thereby forms a coupling opening 10 between two resonator chambers 6 _{1_1} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , ..., 6 _{n_m} . Adjacent dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n have the recesses 90 within the coating of the metal layer in each case in the same places, so that a coupling in signal propagation direction 21 ₁ , ..., 21 _{m is} made possible.

FIG. 10 shows a flowchart which explains how the resonance frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth for at least one or all of the resonators in the resonator 6 _{1_1,} ..., 6 _{1_m,} and 6 _{n_1,} ..., 6 _{n m} of the first and n-th filter chamber 7 _1, 7 _n is set to match multiplexing filter 1 according to the invention. At the beginning a counter variable X is defined with 0. Subsequently, method step S _{1 is} carried out. Within the process step S ₁ , all coupling openings 10 of the 1 + x th separator and / or the n-1 th separator are closed. Looking at the longitudinal section in FIG. 6A this would be the coupling openings 10 in the first separator 9 ₁ and in the last separator 9 _n-1 .

Subsequently, the method step S _{2 is} carried out. Within the method step S ₂ , the reflection factor is measured at the common connection 14 and / or at least one, preferably at all signal line connections 15 ₁ ,..., 15 _m . The measured reflection factor is determined solely from the geometric properties of the first and nth resonators 6 ₁ , 6 _n .

Following this, method step S _{3 is} carried out. Within the process step S _3, the resonant frequency and / or the coupling band width of at least one, preferably all the resonators of the resonator 6 _{1_1,} ..., 6 _{1_m} and 6 _{n_1,} ..., 6 _{n m} in the first and n-th filter stage 7 ₁ , 7 _{n set} to a certain value. In turn, the method step S ₂ is again executed in order to measure the changed reflection factor again to determine whether the method step S ₃ must be repeated, or whether the set values for the resonance frequency and / or the Coupling bandwidth already correspond to the desired values.

The matching of the multiplex filter 1 according to the invention takes place from the outside to the inside, that is to say beginning with the resonators which are directly coupled to the common connection or the m signal line connections 15 ₁ ,..., 15 _m , ie in the resonators, in the resonator chambers 6 _{1_1} , ..., 6 _{1_m} and 6 _{n_1} , ..., 6 _{n_m} , which are arranged at the common terminal or at the m signal line terminals 15 ₁ , ..., 15 _m . Gradually, further resonators of resonator _chambers 6 _{2_1} ,..., 6 _{2_m} , to 6 _{n-1_1} ,..., 6 _{n-1_m of} the filter chambers 7 ₂ ,..., 7 _n-1 are gradually opened by opening the respective coupling openings added. This process is for example in FIG. 11 described.

FIG. 11 shows a further flow chart, which explains how the resonance frequencies and / or the coupling bandwidths for the other resonators of the resonator 6 _{2_1} , ..., 6 _{2_m} , to 6 _{n-1_1} , ..., 6 _{n-1_m are} set to to match the multiplex filter 1 according to the invention. In the event that the resonance frequencies and / or the coupling bandwidth for the first resonators of the resonator chambers 6 ₁ , 6 _{n of} the first and / or n-th filter comb 7 ₁ , 7 _{n have been} set, the method step S _{4 is} executed. Within method step S ₄ , at least one coupling opening 10 for each resonator chamber 6 _{1_1} ,..., 61 _{_m} and 6 _{n_1} ,..., 6 _{n_m of} the 1 + X-th separator and / or the n-1-X-th Separator opened. With regard to FIG. 6A this would be the coupling openings 10 in the separators 9 ₁ and 9 _n-1 .

Subsequently, the method step S _{5 is} carried out. Within the method step S ₅ , the value of X is increased by 1. Following this, the method step S _{6 is} listed, in which again the method steps S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ , S ₄ , S _{5 are} carried out, namely until all coupling openings 10 are opened. This means that subsequent to that FIG. 6A the coupling openings 10 of the separator 9 ₂ and the coupling openings 10 of the separator 9 _{3 are} closed. It is again the reflection factor at the common terminal 14 and / or at least one, preferably at all m signal line terminals 15 ₁ , ..., 15 _m measured. Following this, the resonance frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth of the resonators in the filter chambers 7 ₂ , 7 _n-1 and, preferably, in addition to the resonators in the filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 _{n-1 is again} set.

Following this, the value for X is again increased by 1, that is to say the method step S _{5 is} carried out again.

Based on FIG. 6A It can be seen that there are an odd number of filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n . The resonators of the resonator _chambers 6 _{3_1} ,..., 6 _{3_m of} the middle filter _chamber 7 ₃ , ie those in the filter _chamber located in the middle of the multiplex filter 1 according to the invention, are used once in the method for matching the multiplex filter 1 for the calculation of the reflection factor on the Common terminal 14 and once for the calculation of the reflection factor at the at least one, preferably at all m signal line connection 15 ₁ , ..., 15 _m used.

This situation can be found in the flowchart FIG. 12 again, which explains how the resonance frequencies and / or the coupling bandwidths for the resonators in the resonator _chambers 6 _{3_1} ,..., 6 _{3_n of} the filter _chamber 7 ₃ in the middle of the multiplex filter 1 are set. In the case where X reaches the value (n-1) / 2, what in the embodiment is FIG. 6A corresponds to the value "2", the method steps S ₇ and / or S ₈ and S _{9 are} performed.

Within the process step S ₇ , the coupling openings 10 of the X-th separator are opened and the coupling openings 10 of the X + 1-th separator closed. In the embodiment FIG. 6A would the coupling openings 10 are opened in the separator 9 ₂ and closed in the separator 9 ₃ . Following this, the reflection factor at the common connection 14 is measured and the resonance frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth are adjusted accordingly.

Instead or alternatively, in the method step S _8, the coupling opening 10 of the X + 1 th separator is opened and the coupling openings 10 of the X th separator are closed. In the embodiment FIG. 6A In this case, the coupling openings 10 would be closed in the separator 9 ₂ , whereas the coupling opening 10 would be opened within the separator 9 _{3 3} . Following this, method step S _{2 is carried out} again and the reflection factor is measured on one or preferably all the signal line connections 15 ₁ ,..., 15 _m . Subsequently, the method step S _{3 is} carried out, in which the resonance frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth can be adjusted.

The resonance frequencies and / or the coupling bandwidths of the resonators in the resonator chambers of the filter chamber in the middle of the multiplex filter 1 according to the invention must be adjusted so that both for the reflection factor at the common terminal 14, as well as for the reflection factors on one, preferably on all of the m Signal line terminals 15 ₁ , ..., 15 _m an acceptable value is reached. Possibly. compromises must be made.

Subsequently, the method step S _{9 is} carried out and the coupling openings of the X-th and the X + 1-th separator are opened. In this state, all coupling openings 10 in all separators 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _{n-1 are} open. This condition automatically exits after passing through the flowchart FIG. 11 when there are an even number of filter chambers 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n .

In the event that at least one, preferably m, coupling openings 10 are opened in each separating device 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _n , the method steps S ₂ , S ₁₀ and S _{3 are} executed, which are described in the flowchart FIG. 13 are shown. The method step S ₂ , which has already been described with reference to FIG. 10 has been explained, is executed. Within this method step, a reflection factor is measured at the common connection 14 and / or at least one, preferably at all m signal line connections 15 _m .

Subsequently, method step S _{10 is} carried out. Within the process step S ₁₀ , the forward transmission factor and / or the backward transmission factor are determined.

Following this, the resonance frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth are again set to a specific value, or finely adjusted. This takes place in method step S ₃ . Repetition of the method steps S ₂ and S ₁₀ is possible as often as the desired target value for the resonant frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth has not yet been reached in method step S ₃ .

FIG. 14 shows a further flowchart, which explains by what measures the resonance frequency and / or the coupling _bandwidth can be changed within a resonator in a resonator 6 _{1_1} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , ..., 6 _{n_m} . Within process step S ₃ , the following process steps can be carried out individually or in combination with one another in any order. The method step S ₁₁ describes that the resonance frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth can be adjusted by the diameter of the respective filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ ,..., 7 _{n being} replaced by exchanging the insert 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , ... , 11 _n can be done by another with changed dimensions, in particular with a changed inner diameter. The inserts 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , ..., 11 _n can here also wall segments 45 have that differ from other wall segments of the same insert 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , ..., 11 _n by a changed thickness, so that the Resonance frequencies of the individual Resonator _chambers 6 _{1_1} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , ..., 6 _{n_m} a filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ , ..., 7 _n differ from each other.

Alternatively or in addition to the method step S ₁₁ , the method step S ₁₂ can be carried out. Within the method step S ₁₂ , an intended separating device 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ ,..., 9 _{n-1 can be} rotated so that the coupling openings 10 are arranged differently. It is also possible that the separating device 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ..., 9 _{n is} replaced by another, wherein the coupling openings 10, a different arrangement and / or a different number and / or a different size and / or another Have geometry.

Optionally and / or in addition to the method steps S ₁₁ and / or S ₁₂ , the method step S ₁₃ can be carried out. A change in the resonance frequency and / or the coupling bandwidth can also be achieved by further screwing and / or turning at least one tuning _element 40 _{1_1} ,..., 40 _{1_m} , to 40 _{n_1} ..., 40 _{n_m} into the respective resonator _chamber 6 _{1_1,.} .., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , ..., 6 _{n_m} occur. In a resonator _chamber 6 _{1_1} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , ..., 6 _{n_m} can also be more than one tuning _element 40 _{1_1} , ..., 40 _{1_m} , to 40 _{n_1} ..., 40 _{n_m} one or turned off.

In addition or as an alternative to the method steps S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ and / or S ₁₃ , the method step S ₁₄ can also be carried out. Within the process step S ₁₄ , at least one dielectric 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n in a filter chamber 7 ₁ , 7 ₂ ,..., 7 _{n can be} replaced by another dielectric 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,. 8 _n exchanged, which has changed dimensions, in particular in its height and / or its diameter.

Within the process step S ₁ , or each time when coupling openings 10 are to be closed, this is preferably done by the respective separation device 9 ₁ , 9 ₂ , ... 9 _{n is} replaced by one which has no coupling openings 10.

In principle, it also applies that the splitting devices 13 ₁ , 13 ₂ ,..., 13 _{n are} preferably designed as separate components separate from the housing 2, but may also be integrally connected to the housing 2.

The n dielectrics 8 ₁ , 8 ₂ ,..., 8 _n are preferably formed separately from the housing 2 as separate components. These could also be integrally connected to the housing 2.

Furthermore, the resonator 6 _{1_1,} ..., 6 _{1_m, n_1} to 6, ..., 6 _{n_m} free of any cavity inner conductors which are electrically connected with one end to the housing 2 and extending into the resonator 6 _{1_1,} ..., 6 _{1_m} , extend to 6 _{n_1} , ..., 6 _{n_m} and end with another end in the resonator _chambers 6 _{1_1} , ..., 6 _{1_m} , to 6 _{n_1} , ..., 6 _{n_m} . Such a construction would be common in coaxial cavities.

The invention is not limited to the described embodiments. In the context of the invention, all described and / or drawn features can be combined with each other as desired.

Claims (24)

1. A multiplex filter (1) for the transmission of TM modes in the transverse direction comprising the following features:

   - a housing (2) which has a housing base (3), a housing cover (4) spaced apart from the housing base (3), and a circumferential housing wall (5) between the housing base (3) and the housing cover (4);

   - at least n filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n), wherein n ≥ 2, preferably n ≥ 3, further preferably n ≥ 4, further preferably n ≥ 5, which are surrounded by the housing (2) and/or by at least one insert (11₁) which is situated in the housing (2);

   - a dividing device (13₁, 13₂, ..., 13_n) consisting of metal or comprising metal is disposed in each of the n filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n), dividing each filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) into m resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}), wherein m ≥ 2, each of the m resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) forming a resonator;

   - the multiplex filter (1) comprises n-1 separators (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) ;

   - the n filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) being arranged along a central axis (12), which is perpendicular to an H field of TM modes, or with a component essentially perpendicular to the H field of TM modes, wherein every pair of filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) which are adjacent or are adjacent along the central axis (12) being separated by one separator (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1);

   - each of the n-1 separators (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) having at least m coupling openings (10) via which every two resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) which are adjacent in a signal transmission direction (21₁, ..., 21_m) are coupled to each other;

   - the resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) situated in each of the filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) and therefore the respective resonators are decoupled from each other by the dividing devices (13₁, 13₂, ..., 13_n) which are situated in the respective filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n);

   - the dividing devices (13₁, 13₂, ..., 13_n) are arranged parallel to the central axis (12) or with a component essentially parallel to the central axis (12);

   - at least n dielectrics (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n), one of each of these n dielectrics (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) being arranged in each filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n);

   - the resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) being coupled perpendicular to the H fields of TM modes and/or parallel to the central axis (12) or with a component essentially perpendicular to the H fields of TM modes and/or parallel to the central axis (12);

   - a common connection (14) which is guided into a first of the filter chambers (7₁) via a first opening in the housing (2) and is coupled inside the same to the m resonators of the m resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}) ;

   - m signal line connections (15₁, ..., 15_m) which are coupled via m openings in the housing (2) to the m resonators in the m resonator chambers (6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) in the nth filter chamber (7_n) ;

   - the separator (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) or each of the n-1 separators (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) consists of a metal layer with which one or both end faces of at least one or all of the n dielectrics (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) is coated, wherein the at least one dielectric (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) is constructed as a single piece with the at least one of the n-1 separators (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1), and wherein the coating of the metal layer has at least one recess (90) as one of the coupling openings (10); and/or

   - the dividing device (13₁, 13₂, ..., 13_n) is formed by a plurality of through-connections inside one or all of the n dielectrics (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) which are arranged in the filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) parallel to, or at least with a component parallel to, the central axis (12), whereby one or all of the n dielectrics (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) are divided into m parts, wherein each of the m parts is situated in one of the m resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of a filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) ;

   characterized through the following features:

   - the first filter chamber (7₁) includes a region in which the dividing device (13₁, 13₂, ..., 13_n) only extends over a sub-length of the diameter through the first dielectric (8₁), thereby forming an opening region (30) in which the common connection (14) is coupled to all m resonators in the first filter chamber (7₁), wherein the opening region (30) has a size or length which is less than 10%, preferably less than 20%, further preferably less than 30%, further preferably less than 40% and further preferably less than 50% of the smallest diameter of the first filter chamber (7₁) ;
   and/or

   - the filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) and/or the dielectrics (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) have a circular cross-section.
2. Multiplex filter according to claim 1, characterized by the following features:

   - the n filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) are arranged in the signal transmission direction (21₁, ..., 21_m) and/or along the central axis (12), wherein the H field of TM modes extends radially about the central axis (12) and/or about the signal transmission direction (21₁, ..., 21_m) outward; and/or

   - each of the n filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) is intersected centrally and/or off-center by the central axis (12) .
3. Multiplex filter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the following feature:

   - the signal transmission direction (21₁, ..., 21_m) for each of the m signal line connections (15₁, ..., 15_m) runs either from the signal line connection (15₁, ..., 15_m) to the common connection (14) or from the common connection (14) to the signal line connection (15₁, ..., 15m) .
4. Multiplex filter according to claim 3, characterized by the following features:

   - the signal transmission direction (21₁, ..., 21_m) runs from one or more of the m signal line connections (15₁, ..., 15_m) to the common connection (14), wherein one resonator of one resonator chamber (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of a filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) is coupled to exactly one resonator of one resonator chamber (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of a filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) which is adjacent in the signal transmission direction (21₁, ..., 21_m) ; and/or

   - the signal transmission direction (21₁, ..., 21_m) runs from the common connection (14) to one or more of the m signal line connections (15₁, ..., 15_m), wherein one resonator of one resonator chamber (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of a filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) is coupled to one or more resonators of the filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) which is adjacent in the signal transmission direction (21₁, ..., 21_m) .
5. Multiplex filter according to any of the claims 1 to 4, characterized by the following feature:

   - at least one of the n filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) and/or one of the n dielectrics (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) has a cylindrical shape.
6. Multiplex filter according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized by the following feature:

   - the separator (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) or each of the n-1 separators (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) consists of a separating leaf.
7. Multiplex filter according to any of the claims 1 to 6, characterized by the following features:

   - the dielectric (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) inside each filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) is composed of m parts which are preferably the same size, wherein each of the m parts is situated in one of the m resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of a filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n), wherein a metal layer is formed between the individual m parts as dividing device (13₁, 13₂, ..., 13_n) inside the respective filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n), and separates the individual resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) inside a filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) from each other, wherein the metal layer is arranged parallel to, or at least with a component parallel to, the central axis (12).
8. Multiplex filter according to claims 7, characterized by the following features:

   - at least two or all of the n dielectrics (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n), or two or all of the m parts of at least one dielectric (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n), consist of a different material; and/or

   - at least one or all of the n dielectrics (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) have a recess (16) preferably filled with air.
9. Multiplex filter according to any of the claims 1 to 8, characterized by the following feature:

   - the m resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of at least one, preferably of every of the filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) are the same size.
10. Multiplex filter according to any of the claims 1 to 9, characterized by the following features:

    a) a diameter of at least one of the n filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) is formed by at least one insert (11₁, 11₂, ..., 11_n), preferably by an annular insert (11₁, 11₂, ..., 11_n), which is held by a housing wall (5) which receives the insert (11₁, 11₂, ..., 11_n) ; and/or

    b) at least one anti-turning element (62) is attached between at least one of the n-1 separators (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) and the at least one insert (11₁, 11₂, ..., 11_n) and/or the adjoining dielectric (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n), and prevents these elements from turning with respect to each other; and/or

    c) at least one anti-turning element (62) is attached between the housing base (3) and/or the housing cover (4) and/or the housing wall (5) and the insert (11₁) in the first filter chamber (7₁) and the insert (11_n) in the nth filter chamber (7_n), and prevents these elements from turning with respect to each other.
11. Multiplex filter according to claim 10, characterized by the following feature:

    - the insert (11₁, 11₂, ..., 11_n) of at least one, preferably of every filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) has wall segments (45) which are adjacent to the inner wall of the housing (2) and which have different thicknesses such that the volumes of the individual resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of a filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) differ from each other.
12. Multiplex filter according claim 10 or 11, characterized by the following features:

    - the inserts (11₁, 11₂, ..., 11_n) of at least two filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) which are not directly adjacent have an opening (50₁, 50₂);

    - the at least two openings (50₁, 50₂) are connected to each other by a channel (51), wherein the same runs at least partially inside the housing wall (5);

    - an electrical conductor (52) runs between the two resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) inside the channel (52), thereby capacitively and/or inductively coupling the at least two resonators of the two resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) to each other.
13. Multiplex filter according to any of the claims 1 to 12, characterized by the following features:

    - the n dielectrics (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) have a disk shape; and/or

    - some or all of the n dielectrics (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) differ in their dimensions entirely or partially; and/or

    - at least one, or all, of the n dielectrics (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) entirely or partially fill in a volume of the filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) and therefore of the m resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) inside the filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) in which they are arranged.
14. Multiplex filter according to any of the claims 1 to 13, characterized by the following features:

    - the dielectric (8₁) in the first filter chamber (7₁) is in contact with the first separator (9₁) and the dielectric (8_n) in the nth filter chamber (7_n) is in contact with the n-1th separator (9_n-1) and/or the dielectrics (8₂, ..., 8_n-1) of the remaining n-2 filter chambers (7₂, ..., 7_n-1) are in contact with both of the separators (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) which adjoin the respective filter chambers (7₂, ..., 7_n-1); and/or

    - the dielectric (8₁) in the first filter chamber (7₁) is in contact with the housing cover (4) and the dielectric (8_n) in the nth filter chamber (7_n) is in contact with the housing base (3); and/or

    - the dielectrics (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) of the n filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) are fixed to one or both separators (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) which bound the respective filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n), particularly by soldering or press fitting.
15. Multiplex filter according to any of the claims 1 to 14, characterized by the following features:

    - the arrangement and/or the size and/or the cross-section shape of at least one coupling opening (10) of one of the n-1 separators (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) is entirely or partially different from the arrangement and/or the size and/or the cross-section shape of another coupling opening (10) of the same n-1 separator (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) or from a coupling opening (10) of another of the n-1 separators (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1); and/or

    - the number of the coupling openings (10) in the n-1 separators (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) is entirely or partially different among these; and/or

    - the number of the coupling openings (10) in one of the n-1 separators (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) used for coupling a resonator is different from the number of the coupling openings (10) of the same separator (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1) used for coupling another resonator.
16. Multiplex filter according to any of the claims 1 to 15, characterized by the following features:

    - the common connection (14) has a central or off-center contact with the dielectric (8₁) in the first filter chamber (7₁), and:

    a) the dielectric (8₁) in the first filter chamber (7₁) has a depression into which the common connection (14) projects, thereby establishing contact between the common connection (14) and the first dielectric (8₁) ; or

    b) the dielectric (8₁) in the first filter chamber (7₁) has a recess passing through the same, through which the common connection (14) extends, thereby establishing contact between the common connection (14) and the first dielectric (8₁) and the first separator (9₁).
17. Multiplex filter according to any of the claims 1 to 16, characterized by the following features:

    - the m signal line connections (15₁, ..., 15_m) have a central or off-center contact with the dielectric (8_n) which is arranged in the m resonator chambers (6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of the nth filter chamber (7_n), and:

    a) the dielectric (8_n) in the nth filter chamber (7_n) has up to m depressions into which the m signal line connections (15₁, ..., 15_m) project, thereby establishing contact between the m signal line connections (15₁, ..., 15_m) and the nth dielectric (8_n); and/or

    b) the dielectric (8_n) in the nth filter chamber (7_n) has up to m recesses passing through the same, through which the m signal line connections (15₁, ..., 15_m) extend, thereby establishing contact between the m signal line connections (15₁, ..., 15_m) and the nth dielectric (8_n), and also the n-1th separator (9_n-1).
18. Multiplex filter according to any of the claims 1 to 17, characterized by the following features:

    - at least one, and preferably all, resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of each filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) have at least one additional opening (41_{1_1}, ..., 41_{1_m}, to 41_{n_1} ..., 41_{n_m}) which passes through the housing wall (5);

    - at least one tuning element (40_{1_1}, ..., 40_{1_m}, to 40_{n_1} ..., 40_{n_m}) is inserted through the at least one additional opening (41_{1_1}, ..., 41_{1_m}, to 41_{n_1} ..., 41_{n_m}) or into all additional openings (41_{1_1}, ..., 41_{1_m}, to 41_{n_1} ..., 41_{n_m}), into at least one resonator chamber (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of each of the n filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) ;

    - the distance between the tuning element (40_{1_1}, ..., 40_{1_m}, to 40_{n_1} ..., 40_{n_m}) which is inserted through the at least one additional opening (41_{1_1}, ..., 41_{1_m}, to 41_{n_1} ..., 41_{n_m}) into the at least one of the m resonator chambers of each filter chamber (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) and the respective dielectric (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) inside the respective resonator chamber (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) can be modified.
19. Multiplex filter according to any of the claims 1 to 18, characterized by the following features:

    - the distance between the at least one tuning element (40_{1_1}, ..., 40_{1_m}, to 40_{n_1} ..., 40_{n_m}) and the respective dielectric (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) in the at least one of the m resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of each of the n filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) can be reduced to such an extent that it is in contact with the same; or

    - the dielectric (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) in at least one of the m resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) in at least one of the n filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) has an indentation, wherein the distance between the at least one tuning element (40_{1_1}, ..., 40_{1_m}, to 40_{n_1} ..., 40_{n_m}) and the respective dielectric (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) in the resonator chamber (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of the at least one of the n filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) can be reduced to such an extent that it dips into the indentation of the respective dielectric (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) and is in contact with the same; and/or

    - the at least one tuning element (40_{1_1}, ..., 40_{1_m}, to 40_{n_1} ..., 40_{n_m}) is oriented perpendicular to the central axis (12) and/or perpendicular to the signal transmission direction (21₁, ..., 21_m) in at least one of the m resonator chambers (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) in at least one of the n filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) ; and/or

    - the at least one tuning element (40_{1_1}, ..., 40_{1_m}, to 40_{n_1} ..., 40_{n_m}) consists of a dielectric or the at least one tuning element (40_{1_1}, ..., 40_{1_m}, to 40_{n_1} ..., 40_{n_m}) consists of a dielectric which is entirely or partially coated with a metal layer, or the at least one tuning element (40_{1_1}, ..., 40_{1_m}, to 40_{n_1} ..., 40_{n_m}) consists of a metal.
20. A method for tuning a multiplex filter which is constructed according to any of the claims 1 to 19, characterized by the following method steps:

    - closing (S₁) all coupling openings (10) of the 1+Xth separator and/or of the n-1-Xth separator, wherein X = 0;

    - measuring (S₂) a reflection factor on the common connection (14) and/or measuring a reflection factor on at least one, and preferably all, of the m signal line connections (15₁, ..., 15_m);

    - adjusting (S₃) the resonance frequency and/or the coupling bandwidth to a desired value.
21. The method for tuning a multiplex filter according to claim 20, characterized by the following method steps:

    - opening (S₄) at least one of the coupling openings (10) of the 1+Xth separator and/or of the n-1-Xth separator;

    - increasing X by one;

    - again carrying out (S₆) the method steps of closing (S₁), measuring (S₂), adjusting (S₃), opening (S₄), and increasing (S₅) until all coupling openings (10) are opened.
22. The method for tuning a multiplex filter according to claim 21, characterized by the method step of again carrying out (S₆), if there is an odd number of filter chambers (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n), comprises the following method steps if X reaches the value (n-1)/2:

    - opening (S₇) at least m coupling openings (10) of the Xth separator and closing all coupling openings of the X+1th separator, and measuring (S₂) an input reflection factor on the common connection (14) and adjusting (S₃) the resonance frequency and/or the coupling bandwidth to a desired value; and/or

    - opening (S₈) at least m coupling openings (10) of the X+1th separator and closing all coupling openings (10) of the Xth separator, and measuring (S₂) an input reflection factor on the m signal line connections (15₁, ..., 15_m) and adjusting (S₃) the resonance frequency and/or the coupling bandwidth to a desired value; and

    - opening (S₉) at least m coupling openings (10) of the Xth separator and the X+1th separator.
23. The method for tuning a multiplex filter according to claims 21 or 22, characterized by in the event that at least m coupling openings (10) are open in each separator (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1), the following method steps are carried out:

    - measuring (S₂) a reflection factor on the common connection (14) and/or measuring a reflection factor on the m signal line connections (15₁, ..., 15_m); and/or

    - measuring (S₁₀) a forward transmission factor and/or measuring a reverse transmission factor on the common connection (14) and/or on the m signal line connections (15₁, ..., 15_m); and

    - adjusting (S₃) the resonance frequencies and/or the coupling bandwidth to a desired value.
24. The method for tuning a multiplex filter according to any of the claims 21 to 23 thereby taking into account at least one of the claims 1, 8, 10, 11, 13, 15, 18, 19, characterized by the method step adjusting comprises the following method steps:

    - modifying the diameter (S₁₁) of at least one resonator chamber (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of a filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) by exchanging the at least one insert (11₁, 11₂, ..., 11_n) for another insert (11₁, 11₂, ..., 11_n) with modified dimensions; and/or

    - modifying (S₁₂) the arrangement and/or the number and/or the size and/or the cross-section shape of at least one coupling opening (10) by rotating and/or exchanging at least one separator (9₁, 9₂, ..., 9_n-1); and/or

    - rotating (S₁₃) the at least one tuning element (40_{1_1}, ..., 40_{1_m}, to 40_{n_1} ..., 40_{n_m}) further into or further out of at least one resonator chamber (6_{1_1}, ..., 6_{1_m}, to 6_{n_1}, ..., 6_{n_m}) of a filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n); and/or

    - exchanging (S₁₄) the dielectric (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) in a filter chamber (7₁, 7₂, ..., 7_n) for another dielectric (8₁, 8₂, ..., 8_n) having modified dimensions and/or recesses.

Images