EP3087313B1 - Explosion-proof assembly for electrical and/or electronic components - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an explosion-proof arrangement for at least one electrical and / or electronic component. This component may in particular be a light-receiving and / or light-emitting component. The component may be a semiconductor component, in particular a semiconductor illuminant such as a light-emitting diode or light-emitting diode.

A component is to be understood as a separately manageable unit with electrical connections. This unit may have its own housing or its own carrier body. An integrated circuit with connection pins is understood, for example, as a component in the sense of the application, even if it has a multiplicity of transistors.

Such components are arranged on a support, preferably a printed circuit board and / or a heat sink. For example, electrical conductors, such as conductor tracks, bonding wires or the like, may be present on a carrier surface in order to contact the at least one electrical and / or electronic component.

In hazardous areas, it is necessary to perform such arrangements explosion-proof. It must be prevented that a flame, a spark, hot gases or the like, which can be generated by the at least one electrical and / or electronic device, lead to an ignition of the explosive atmosphere.

In the prior art, various proposals have already been made for this purpose. For example, describes DE 10 2010 018 784 A1 a pressure-tight encapsulated part housing, which is arranged on a circuit board. The sub-housing encloses the arranged on the circuit board components and thus forms together with the circuit board a flameproof enclosure. Outside the housing, a casting can be provided. The sub-housing can be arranged for example with a screw on the circuit board. A disadvantage of such an arrangement that may possibly arise due to component tolerances of the sub-housing and / or the circuit board, by thermal deformation during operation, or the like impermissible column. It must be ensured constructively that such gaps are sufficiently narrow and have a sufficient length to be ignition-proof. If necessary, the encapsulation on the outside of the housing must be provided with an additional potting, if the formation of impermissible gaps can not be excluded.

Another explosion-proof arrangement describes DE 10 2009 005 547 A1 such as US 2007/0194712 A1 , There is provided to encapsulate the electrical or electronic components formed by light emitting diodes individually. A hood-shaped cover body is arranged around the component around on the carrier and connected all around cohesively for sealing. Although this method certainly meets the requirement of explosion protection, but is very expensive and therefore expensive.

Out DE 33 33 135 A1 a signaling device is known, which has a voltage limiter and a current limiter in an explosion-proof encapsulated space. The device head with the signaling part and the supply from the output of the voltage limiter and the current limiter is intrinsically safe. As a result, the explosion protection can be ensured outside of the explosion-proof enclosed space. In the device head, an enclosed by a potting LED is present in the embodiment.

In the case of the known methods, there is also the problem that a negative impairment of the cohesive connection, that is to say of the adhesive or of the potting material, can occur due to heat emission of the electrical and / or electronic components. The adhesive or the cast resin can outgas and weaken the cohesive connection.

Cases are also known from the prior art, which provide protection against moisture, dust. For example, describes DE 20 2007 016 530 U1 an electric lamp with a plurality of light-emitting diodes, which are individually covered to prevent ingress of dust or moisture to the light-emitting diodes. Another light is off GB 2 473 185 A known to have a good thermal management and good optical properties at low cost. The luminaire can be designed for outdoor applications in IP protection class IP66.

DE 10 2011 086 107 A1 and DE 10 2005 002 813 A1 concern control devices for vehicles, in which the electrical components are to be sealed, for example against the ingress of transmission oil.

It can therefore be regarded as an object of the present invention to provide an improved explosion-proof arrangement for electrical and / or electronic components.

This object is achieved by an arrangement having the features of claim 1.

The explosion-proof arrangement has at least one carrier with a carrier surface. At least one electrical and / or electronic component, for example a light-emitting diode, is arranged on the carrier surface. On the support also several components or light-emitting diodes may be present in a row, in a matrix or other arrangement. As a carrier is preferably a circuit board and / or a heat sink.

For encapsulation of the at least one component, a cover body is present. The cover body has at least one receiving chamber for one or more of the components. The components can thus each be arranged separately in a receiving chamber or several components can be accommodated together next to one another in a receiving chamber. The receiving chamber is accessible only at one of the support surface of the carrier side facing through an opening and otherwise completely closed. Around the opening, a ring-shaped contact surface is present on the cover body. The contact surface is preferably designed without edges and / or steps, and in particular extends parallel to the carrier surface of the carrier. In a modification to this, the contact surface may also have a plurality of projections and / or depressions, so that, for example, a wave-shaped profile or a profile with triangular in cross-section, rectangular or other projection forms results. The contact surface is preferably present on a flange of the cover body. The flange may completely enclose the opening of the receiving chamber in a circumferential direction.

There is a gap between the contact surface and the support surface. The gap is at least partially filled by an elastic coupling element. The coupling element has two approximately mutually parallel coupling surfaces, which are preferably designed to be flat and edged flat. The contact surface and an associated first coupling surface of the coupling element are in surface contact and are positively and / or materially connected to each other. The outer contour and the inner contour of the coupling element has a geometric shape which is adapted to the outer contour or inner contour of the contact surface or of the annularly closed flange or corresponds to it. In the circumferential direction around the receiving chamber, the coupling element is designed gap-free and completely closed. In a width direction which is oriented at right angles to a relevant viewing point to the circumferential direction, the coupling element preferably has a minimum width, which is predetermined in particular depending on the total volume of the receiving chamber and / or the remaining volume between the at least one component and the receiving chamber. The first coupling surface extends in a plane defined by the width direction and the circumferential direction.

Parallel to the first coupling surface, a second coupling surface is provided on the coupling element, which is assigned to the support surface and is in surface contact with the support surface.

On the cover body and / or on the carrier, a plug connection device and / or latching connection device is provided, which establishes or maintains a detachable or non-detachable, non-positive and / or positive connection. When produced connection produces the connector device and / or latching connection device a holding force, which counteracts a coupling force generated by the coupling element. The coupling force is generated by the fact that the elastic coupling element is elastically deformed when the connection between the cover body and the carrier and presses the cover body away from the carrier. This coupling force counteracts the plug connection device and / or latching connection device and holds the cover body in its mounted position on the carrier.

According to the invention, a hitherto cohesively produced connection between the covering body and the carrier is thus replaced by a non-positive and / or positive connection, which nevertheless causes a complete, preferably gas-tight encapsulation of the receiving chamber. Gas-tight means excluding explosive atmospheres. It can only penetrate into the receiving chamber so much gas or gas mixture that no flammable atmosphere can arise. Gas-tight in this sense does not mean diffusion-tight.

Due to the elasticity of the coupling element tolerances and component deviations are compensated. Larger tolerances can be specified when manufacturing the covering body or the support, as in the case of explosion-proof arrangements in which the dimensions for a gap resistant to ignition must be maintained between the covering body and the support. Even with deformations during operation due to temperature changes or mechanical stresses corresponding length deviations are compensated by the elastic coupling element and ensures the tightness of the receiving chamber from the environment. By means of the explosion-proof arrangements according to the invention, the requirements can be achieved, as they are for a Vergusskapselung (Ex-m) or a flameproof enclosure (Ex-d) are defined. However, a pouring or casting of the cover body and the at least one electrical component with a flowable and curing potting material for producing a cohesive connection deleted as well as an adhesive bond between the cover body and the carrier, whereby the manufacturing cost is significantly reduced. The problem of outgassing in cohesive adhesive bonds or resins also does not exist according to the invention.

The encapsulation according to the invention can thus be produced in particular from only three components: from the carrier, the coupling element and the covering body.

The component arranged in the receiving chamber is preferably arranged on the carrier without a separate encapsulation or other explosion protection measures. When releasing the connection between the cover body and the carrier, the device is thereby freely accessible and can be replaced, for example, in the event of a defect.

In a preferred embodiment, the width of the contact surface in the width direction is greater than the width of the coupling element, so that the cover body protrudes with its contact surface 26 at its inner and / or outer edge region over the coupling element. This provides the coupling element with sufficient space for its elastic deformation between the contact surface and the support surface. At the same time, the elastic coupling element is preferably completely covered by the contact surface and thereby protected against mechanical effects and damage.

The connection between the cover body and the carrier is preferably exclusively by the connector device and / or latching connection device causes and therefore exclusively non-positively and / or positively. The assembly and disassembly is very easy in this way.

In a preferred embodiment, the carrier has a printed circuit board and a heat sink. The support surface is present on the circuit board, which rests with its opposite side on the heat sink. The connection through the connector device and / or latching connection device is preferably produced between the cover body and the heat sink, whereby the coupling element not only causes a play-free connection between the cover body and the circuit board, but also pressing the circuit board against a contact surface of the heat sink. Thereby, the heat transfer between the circuit board and the heat sink can be improved. An additional device for connecting the heat sink with the circuit board can be omitted.

The cover body is preferably made of a single material without seam and joint in one piece. It consists in particular of plastic. When the at least one component accommodated in the receiving chamber receives and / or emits light, such as a light-emitting diode, the covering body is at least partially permeable to the received or radiated light wavelength. Optical elements, such as a lens and / or at least one diffuser and / or at least one prism and / or a filter or the like may also be integrated in the cover body.

The coupling element consists of a uniform material without seam and joint, for example of a polymer material. Preferably, the coupling element be made of silicone or silicone foam.

• Figur 1 eine schematische Querschnittsansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer explosionsgeschützten Anordnung,
• Figur 2 ein Kopplungselement der explosionsgeschützten Anordnung aus Figur 1 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
• Figur 3 eine perspektivische, teilgeschnittene Darstellung eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer explosionsgeschützten Anordnung und
• Figur 4 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Abdeckkörpers sowie eines zugehörigen Kopplungselements.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. Hereinafter, advantageous embodiments of the invention will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

• FIG. 1 a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an explosion-proof arrangement,
• FIG. 2 a coupling element of the explosion-proof arrangement FIG. 1 in a perspective view,
• FIG. 3 a perspective, partially sectioned view of another embodiment of an explosion-proof arrangement and
• FIG. 4 a perspective view of an embodiment of a cover body and an associated coupling element.

In the FIGS. 1 and 3 in each case an embodiment of an explosion-proof arrangement 10 is shown schematically. The explosion-proof arrangement 10 has at least one electrical and / or electronic component 11 which is arranged on a carrier surface 12 of a carrier 13. As a carrier 13, for example, a circuit board 14 and / or a heat sink 15 are used. By way of example, the carrier 13 has both a printed circuit board 14 with the carrier surface 12 and a heat sink 15. The printed circuit board 14 is applied flat with its side opposite the support surface 12 to a contact surface 16 of the heat sink 15. Between the circuit board 14 and the contact surface 16 there is a surface contact in order to achieve a good heat conduction. In a modification of the illustrated embodiments, a heat-conducting layer, for example a graphite layer, can be arranged between the contact surface 16 and the printed circuit board 14.

The components 11 are, for example, light-emitting and / or light-receiving components and preferably light-emitting diodes. The explosion-proof arrangement 10 can also be used for other electrical and / or electronic components. Different types of components 11 can also be arranged on the printed circuit board 12. At least part of these electrical and / or electronic components 11, which are not intrinsically safe, are encapsulated by at least one covering body 17 of the arrangement 10.

For this purpose, the cover 17 has a receiving chamber 18 for at least one of the components 11. Each component 11 may be arranged in a separate receiving chamber 18. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of components 11 in a common receiving chamber 18. Each cover body 17 may have a single receiving chamber 18 ( FIG. 3 ) or a plurality of separate receiving chambers 18 ( FIG. 4 ).

The shape or shape of the cover body can be chosen essentially arbitrary. In the embodiments, the cover body 17 according to the Figures 3 and 4 a dome-shaped central part 19. The middle part 19 is in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 elongated executed with rounded longitudinal ends and according to the embodiment FIG. 3 each formed by a spherical cap. According to the embodiment FIG. 1 the middle part 19 has a cylindrical contour. The receiving chamber 18 is arranged in the middle part 19 in the embodiments described here.

The cover body 17 encloses the receiving chamber 18 completely on five sides. Each receiving chamber 18 is provided only on an underside 20 of the cover 17 with an opening 21 and accessible through the opening 21. The underside 20 of the cover body 17 with the opening 21 faces the support surface 12. As in FIG. 4 illustrated, according to the number of receiving chambers 18 in the cover 17 also a number of openings 21 may be present on the bottom 20.

The opening 21 or the receiving chamber 18 is completely enclosed by a flange 25 of the cover body 17. The flange 25 extends in a circumferential direction U around the opening 21 and surrounds it completely. The flange 25 may, as in the FIGS. 1 and 3 schematically illustrates be executed circular. In a modification to this, it can also have any other closed shape and, for example, have a polygonal ring shape. According to the embodiment FIG. 4 the flange has a shape consisting of two parallel longitudinal sections and two semi-circular ring sections connecting the two longitudinal sections at their respective associated ends. As explained, also any other in the circumferential direction U around the opening 21 completely closed forms are possible. A single flange 25 may enclose one or more or all existing openings 21.

The cover body 17 and, according to the example, the flange 25 has a contact surface 26 on its side assigned to the carrier surface 12. The contact surface 26 is designed to be continuous and edgeless in the preferred embodiments shown here. The contact surface 26 extends in a plane parallel to the support surface 12.

Between the contact surface 26 and the support surface 12, an elastic coupling element 30 is arranged. The elastic coupling element 30 completely encloses the at least one associated opening 21 in the circumferential direction U and thus extends completely around the at least one associated opening 21 along the contact surface 26 or the flange 25.

The coupling element 30 has a first coupling surface 31 and a second coupling surface 32. The two coupling surfaces 31, 32 are aligned parallel to one another and are preferably designed to be stepless and edgeless. The two coupling surfaces 31, 32 are connected to each other internally via an inner surface 33 and externally via an outer surface 34. The inner surface 33 and the outer surface 34 extend in the circumferential direction U each closed according to the shape of the coupling element 30. Its shape is adapted to the profile of the flange 25. The coupling element is circular in the embodiments shown here ( FIGS. 1 to 3 ) or has two parallel longitudinal sections, which are about Halbkreisringabschnitte interconnected ( FIG. 4 ).

The coupling element 30 encloses the at least one component 11 to be accommodated in the receiving chamber 18. It can, as in FIG FIG. 4 illustrated also be designed so that it encloses a plurality of components 11 and a plurality of openings 21 separate receiving chambers 18. In a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 4 could also be provided for each receiving chamber 18 and associated with each opening 21, a separate coupling element 30. Furthermore, it would also be possible to subdivide the inner region 35 enclosed by the coupling element 30 by intermediate pieces into a plurality of inner region sections, so that each inner region section is assigned an opening 21. Such an intermediate piece 36 is in FIG. 4 at one point exemplified by dashed lines schematically.

The coupling member 30 has a width B measured between the inner surface 33 and the outer surface 34. The width B is measured at right angles to the circumferential direction U at the respectively considered position in a width direction R. The width B is determined as a function of the total volume of the at least one receiving chamber 18 enclosed by the coupling element 30. The larger the total volume, the larger the width B is set. Alternatively or additionally, the width B can also be determined as a function of the residual volume in the at least one enclosed receiving chamber 18, which remains between the at least one component 11 accommodated in the at least one receiving chamber 18 and the covering body 17.

The coupling element 30 is made in one piece in the embodiment of a uniform material without seam and joint. It preferably consists of a synthetic polymer, for example of a silicone and in particular made of silicone foam. The coupling element 30 may be positively and / or materially connected to the cover 17.

On the cover body and according to the example on the flange 25, in the region of the outer edge 40 a plurality of latching hooks 41 are arranged distributed in the circumferential direction U. The latching hooks 41 of a cover body 17 form a latching means 42 of a latching connection device 43. The latching means 42 cooperates with a counter-latching means 44 of the latching connection device 43. The counter-locking means 44 is present on the carrier 13. In the exemplary embodiment, the counter-locking means 44 is arranged on the heat sink 15 of the carrier 13.

The latching means 42 forming latching hooks 41 have an elastically bendable, according to the example linearly extending spring portion 45. The spring portion 45 extends from the flange 25 obliquely or at right angles to the contact surface 26 away. At the flange 25 opposite free end, each latching hook 41 has a latching nose 46. The locking lugs 46 extend at right angles to the circumferential direction U inwardly toward one another or alternatively outwardly away from one another. The locking lugs 46 cooperate with a respective latching surface 47. The latching surfaces 47 together form the counter-latching means 44 arranged on the carrier 13. The latching surfaces 47 are arranged on the side of the carrier 13 opposite the carrier surface 12.

The latching surfaces 47 close in the described embodiments directly to the mouth of a through hole 48, which completely penetrates the carrier 13 from the support surface 12 to the latching surface 47. The cross-section of the passage openings 48 is configured such that in each case a latching hook 41 is inserted with its latching nose 46 from the support surface 12 into the passage opening 48 can be.

When the connection is made, the latching lugs 46 are each in contact with a latching surface 47. In this mounted state, the coupling element 30 is elastically deformed or compressed between the contact surface 26 and the support surface 12, so that it generates a permanent coupling force K ( FIG. 1 ). The coupling force K acts between the carrier 13 and the cover member 17 so as to push the cover member 17 away from the carrier 13. Against this coupling force K acts a holding force H which is applied by the latching connection means 43. The locking lugs 46 of the latching hooks 41 abut against a respective latching surface 47 and hold the covering body 17 against the coupling force K on the carrier 13.

By the latching connection device 43, a releasable, non-positive or positive connection between the cover body 17 and the carrier 13 is achieved. The coupling force K of the interposed coupling member 30 causes a play-free clamping of the cover body 17 on the carrier 13. The at least one receiving chamber 18 is also sealed gap-free by the coupling element 30 elastically deformed in the assembled state. Tolerance deviations in the production of the cover body 17 and the carrier 13 can therefore be compensated by the elastically deformable coupling element 30 without the risk that forms an ignition gap. In addition, it is ensured that no ignition gaps between the cover body 17 and the carrier 13 can arise due to thermal change in length during operation of the arrangement 10. Such changes in length are effectively compensated by the elastically deformable coupling element 30. The cover body 17, the elastic coupling element 30 and the carrier 13 together form an ignition gap-free closed Encapsulation around the receiving chamber 18 or the at least one component 11 arranged therein around.

By the arrangement, a releasable connection between the cover body 17 and the carrier 13 can be achieved, which nevertheless ensures the requirements for explosion protection. In contrast to arrangements with ignition-proof gaps between the cover body 17 and the carrier 13, in the present arrangement 10, no close tolerances must be maintained in order to maintain ignition-proof gaps. Cohesive adhesive bond between the cover body 17 and the carrier 13 and a casting of at least one component 11 and the cover 17 omitted. The locking connection device 43 allows a simple and quick mounting and dismounting of the cover body 17 on or from the carrier 13. This can also be done without tools.

For mounting the arrangement 10, the at least one coupling element 30 is applied to the carrier surface 12 or to the contact surface 26. Following this, the at least one cover body 17 is attached to the carrier transversely to the carrier surface 12 in such a way that the latching hooks 41 engage in the respectively assigned through-opening 48. In this case, the coupling element 30 reaches the first coupling surface 31 at the contact surface 26 and the second coupling surface 32 on the support surface 12 to rest without damage to the coupling member 30 elastically before the locking lugs 46 are engaged with the locking surfaces 47, ie before by the Locking connection device 43 a latching connection is made. Subsequently, the cover body 17 is displaced toward the carrier 13 with elastic deformation of the coupling element 30 until the latching noses 46 emerge from the through-opening 48 and thus rest against the respective associated latching surface 47 of the counter-latching means 44 - So a locking connection is made by the locking connection means 43. The latching connection device 43 then causes a holding force H, which counteracts the coupling force K generated by the elastically deformed coupling element 30. The coupling element 30 thus generates a bias voltage between the carrier 13 and the cover body 17, which is thereby held without play on the carrier 13.

As already explained, the locking connection device 43 produces a releasable non-positive and / or positive connection. An integral connection by encapsulation or an adhesive both between the cover body 17 and the carrier 13 and between the component 11 and the carrier 13 is eliminated.

In the preferred exemplary embodiments described here, the covering body 17 can serve for encapsulating one or more light-emitting diodes in each case. For this purpose, at least the center part 19, which is enclosed by the contact surface 26 or by the flange 25, is made partially or completely from a material which is permeable to the light wavelengths of the light-emitting diodes. Preferably, the entire cover body 17 is made of a uniform material in one piece without seam and joint.

In the permeable to the light wavelength region of the cover body 17 and in particular in the middle part 19, at least one optical element can be arranged or formed by the central part 19 itself. For example, the central part 19 can form one or more lenses and / or contain scattering bodies and / or have refraction and / or reflection surfaces. At the in FIG. 3 illustrated embodiment is at the receiving space 18 facing inside of the central part 19 in the emission area the light-emitting diode a funnel-shaped reflection surface 52 is formed, which is arranged coaxially to the optical axis of the light emitting diode. By this reflection surface 52, the light emitted by the light emitting diode is limited to a certain angle of radiation. As an alternative or in addition to this reflection surface 52, other optical elements could also be present at the middle part 19.

To predetermine the relative position between the coupling element 30 and the covering body 17, the latter can have one or more positioning projections 53 protruding transversely from the contact surface 26 ( FIG. 3 ). The at least one positioning projection 53 is preferably arranged on the inner edge region of the contact surface 26 and, for example, of the flange 25 adjacent to the receiving chamber 18. At the in FIG. 3 illustrated embodiment, an annular circumferential ridge is present, which forms the positioning projection 53. At this the coupling element 30 abuts with its inner surface 33, so that the relative position between the cover body 17 and the coupling element 30 is predetermined. The height of the at least one positioning projection 53 at right angles to the contact surface 26 is preferably smaller than the thickness D of the coupling element 30 between its two contact surfaces 31, 32 in the undeformed initial state. The at least one positioning projection 53 must not hinder the latching of the cover body 17 on the carrier 13 and a sufficiently elastic deformation of the coupling element 30.

Such a positioning projection 53 may be provided in all embodiments of the arrangement 10.

The fact that the counter-latching means 44 and the latching surfaces 47 are arranged on the heat sink 15 is produced by the coupling force K caused by the coupling element 30 Connection also pressed the circuit board 14 on the contact surface 16 of the heat sink 15 and made a sufficiently good heat-conducting contact.

The invention relates to an explosion-proof arrangement 10 for encapsulating at least one electrical and / or electronic component 11 which is arranged on a carrier surface 12 of a carrier 13. The explosion-proof arrangement 10 achieves the explosion protection in accordance with a pressure-resistant encapsulation and / or a Vergusskapselung. In a cover 17 at least one receiving chamber 18 for the at least one device 11 is present. The receiving chamber 18 is enclosed by a circular contact surface 26 which adjoins the opening 21 of the receiving chamber 18. The contact surface 26 may, for example, be present on a circumferential flange 25. The arrangement 10 has an elastic coupling element 30 which is arranged between the contact surface 26 of the covering body 17 and the support surface 12 of the carrier 13. With the aid of a plug connection device and / or latching connection device 43, a releasable, non-positive and / or positive connection is established between the cover body 17 and the carrier 13. When produced compound, the elastic coupling element 30 is elastically deformed and causes a coupling force K between the contact surface 26 and the support surface 12. This ensures a secure sealing of the receiving space 18 and the connection point between the cover 17 and the carrier 13 to achieve the explosion protection.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

explosion-proof arrangement

11

module

12

support surface

13

carrier

14

circuit board

15

heatsink

16

contact surface

17

covering

18

receiving chamber

19

middle part

20

Bottom of the cover body

21

opening

25

flange

26

contact area

30

coupling element

31

first coupling surface

32

second coupling surface

33

palm

34

outer surface

35

interior

36

connecting piece

40

outer edge of the flange

41

latch hook

42

latching means

43

Locking connection device

44

Securing means

45

spring section

46

locking lug

47

Rest area

48

Through opening

52

reflecting surface

53

positioning

B

width

D

thickness

H

holding force

K

coupling force

R

width direction

U

circumferentially

Claims (15)

1. Explosion-proof assembly (10),
   with at least one carrier (13) which has a carrier face (12) on which at least one electrical and/or electronic component (11) is arranged,
   with at least one covering body (17) which has at least one receiving chamber (18) for one or more of the electrical and/or electronic components (11) respectively, wherein the at least one receiving chamber (18) has an opening (21) only on the side facing the carrier face (12), wherein an annular contact face (26) is provided surrounding the opening (21) of each receiving chamber (18),
   characterised in that the explosion-proof assembly is furthermore formed with an elastic coupling element (30) which has a first coupling face (31) standing in superficial contact with the contact face (26) and which has a second coupling face (32) standing in superficial contact with the carrier face (12), wherein the elastic coupling element (30) completely surrounds the opening (21) and exerts a coupling force (K) which pushes the covering body (17) and carrier (13) away from each other, and
   with a plug-in connecting device and/or locking connecting device (43) which is arranged on at least one covering body (17) and/or on at least one carrier (13) and which maintains a force-fit and/or form-fit connection between the at least one covering body (17) and the at least one carrier (13) against the coupling force (K) of the coupling element (30), so that an explosion-proof connection exists between the at least one covering body (17) and the at least one carrier (13),
   wherein the encapsulation for the at least one component (11), formed by the at least one covering body (17) with the assigned carrier (13) and the elastic coupling element (30) arranged in-between, achieves an explosion protection according to the requirements of a cast encapsulation (Ex-m) or a pressure-resistant encapsulation (Ex-d).
2. Explosion-proof assembly according to claim 1, characterised in that the explosion protection is guaranteed by the gas-tight encapsulation of the receiving chamber.
3. Explosion-proof assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the at least one electrical and/or electronic component (11) arranged in the receiving chamber (18) is arranged on the carrier (13) free from casting compound.
4. Explosion-proof assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first coupling face (31) and the second coupling face (32) are configured edgelessly and steplessly flat, and arranged parallel to each other.
5. Explosion-proof assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the width (B) of the coupling element (30) is predefined depending on the total volume of the receiving chamber (18) and/or on the remaining residual volume between the at least one component (11) and the assigned receiving chamber (18).
6. Explosion-proof assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the connection between the at least one covering body (17) and the at least one carrier (13) is made exclusively by force fit and/or form fit.
7. Explosion-proof assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the carrier (13) is formed by a circuit board (14) and/or a cooling body (15).
8. Explosion-proof assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the plug-in connecting device and/or locking connecting device (43) comprises at least one plug-in means or locking means (42) on the at least one covering body (17), to which a counter plug-in means or counter locking means (44) on the at least one carrier (13) is assigned.
9. Explosion-proof assembly according to claim 7 and 8, characterised in that the coupling element (30) is arranged between the contact face (26) of the covering body (17) and the circuit board (14) which lies on a support face (16) of the cooling body (15), and that the counter plug-in means or counter locking means (44) is arranged on the cooling body (15).
10. Explosion-proof assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one covering body (17) is made of a uniform material without seams or joints.
11. Explosion-proof assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the coupling element (30) consists of a polymer material.
12. Explosion-proof assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the coupling element (30) is connected to the covering body (17) by either form fit and/or material fit.
13. Explosion-proof assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least some of the components (11) are formed by light-emitting components and/or light-receiving components.
14. Explosion-proof assembly according to claim 13, characterised in that an optical element (52) is integrated in the covering body (17).
15. Explosion-proof assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the contact face (26) is arranged on a flange (25) completely surrounding the opening (21) in a peripheral direction (U).

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