EP3081791B1 - Procede de determination de position d'arret d'un arbre d'un moteur a combustion interne - Google Patents

Procede de determination de position d'arret d'un arbre d'un moteur a combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3081791B1
EP3081791B1 EP16000666.4A EP16000666A EP3081791B1 EP 3081791 B1 EP3081791 B1 EP 3081791B1 EP 16000666 A EP16000666 A EP 16000666A EP 3081791 B1 EP3081791 B1 EP 3081791B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
sensed
reversal
combustion engine
encoder wheel
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Application number
EP16000666.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3081791A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Heise
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Truck and Bus SE
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MAN Truck and Bus SE
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Publication of EP3081791A1 publication Critical patent/EP3081791A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/042—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for stopping the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
    • F02D2041/0095—Synchronisation of the cylinders during engine shutdown
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/06—Reverse rotation of engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/005—Aiding engine start by starting from a predetermined position, e.g. pre-positioning or reverse rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/02—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the engine
    • F02N2200/021—Engine crank angle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/04—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the starter motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2250/00—Problems related to engine starting or engine's starting apparatus
    • F02N2250/04—Reverse rotation of the engine

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining the parking position of a shaft of an internal combustion engine, wherein the shaft comprises a transmitter wheel, which has a peripheral structure which triggers signals when moving past a sensor.
  • an exact knowledge of the parking position of the internal combustion engine is necessary to shorten the start times. Already during the starting process, fuel injection can take place and this can be accelerated.
  • an internal combustion engine has a Kurbelwellengeberrad, for example with 60-2 teeth, by means of which the position of the crankshaft can be determined to 3 ° accurate. Due to the temporal interpolation between two tooth flanks, the crankshaft angle can be resolved even finer with a rotating shaft. When the shaft is stationary, the angular position of the shaft can not be determined.
  • the describes DE 10 2009 000 082 A1 a method for detecting an engine stall during engine run-off having a crankshaft sensor wheel and a special crankshaft sensor capable of detecting the direction of rotation of the crankshaft.
  • the last four registered pulse edges are stored and used to calculate the last three segment times. From these three calculated segment times becomes an upper limit for the time of occurrence of the next pulse edge estimated. If no further pulse edge occurs up to this estimated upper limit, it is concluded that the engine has come to a standstill.
  • Another generic method for determining the parking position of a shaft that can also determine a reversal of direction by means of a sensor wheel, is from the DE 10 2012 212 922 A1 known. It is proposed to calculate segment times from the time interval of the signals and to detect a direction of rotation reversal of the shaft as a function of the segment times.
  • a disadvantage of this known method for determining the parking position of a shaft is that a comparatively complex signal processing is required, which is associated with processing inaccuracies, so that the parking position can not be determined with sufficient accuracy.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to provide a method with which a reversal of the direction of rotation of the shaft can be reliably detected when stopping and the parking position can be precisely determined.
  • the invention is based on the technical knowledge that increasingly internal combustion engines electric machines, especially starter generators, are installed, which are non-rotatably connected to a shaft, in particular the crankshaft, the internal combustion engine.
  • Such known per se starter generators are usually between the engine and transmission in the form of a seated on the crankshaft electric machine with starter and Generator function provided, which is commonly referred to as a crankshaft starter generator (KSG), because of the direct connection of its rotor with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine.
  • KSG crankshaft starter generator
  • an accurate pole position detection is necessary because the currents in the stator winding must be controlled synchronously or asynchronously with the current magnet position of the rotor.
  • Known starter generators therefore have a position detection device for speed control of electrical machine, which is set up to determine an absolute rotor position within a pole pitch high-resolution.
  • the position detection device can be designed as a resolver. But there are also known position detection devices that operate resolverlos (see. DE 10 2013 203 937 A1 ).
  • this can be used according to the invention to reliably detect a reversal of rotation of the shaft when stopping and use a detected by the position detection Rotorendlage in the parking position for correcting the determined by means of the encoder wheel stop position of the internal combustion engine , Additional components for detecting the direction of rotation reversal and / or complicated and error-prone evaluation methods, such as, for example, for determining the change in the segment times of the encoder wheel during leakage, can then be dispensed with.
  • a method for determining the parking position of a shaft of an internal combustion engine.
  • the shaft is preferably a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine.
  • the shaft comprises a sensor wheel in a manner known per se, which has a peripheral structure which triggers signals when moving past a sensor.
  • an electric machine in particular a starter generator, whose rotor is non-rotatably connected to the shaft and which comprises a position detection device which is set up to detect an absolute rotor position within a pole pitch.
  • a reversal of the direction of rotation of the shaft when the internal combustion engine is switched off is detected by means of the position detection device. If such reversal of direction of rotation is detected, a detected absolute rotor position in the parking position and within a pole pitch is used to correct a stop position of the shaft determined by means of the encoder wheel.
  • the absolute rotor position within a pole pitch indicates an absolute rotor position of the electric machine relative to the pole pitch and is thus dependent on the number of pole pairs of the electrical machine. Depending on the number of pole pairs a full revolution of the rotor is divided into individual segments (pole pitches).
  • the rotor position detected by means of the position detection device thus unambiguously indicates the angular position within a pole pitch, but is ambiguous with respect to the angular position with respect to the full revolution or in which of the segments is measured.
  • the position detection device thus generates within a pole pitch an absolute angle signal, on the course of which a direction of rotation reversal is directly readable.
  • the position detection device is set up, the direction of rotation reversal, for example, by means of a reciprocating movement or an increase and subsequent decrease in the detected absolute rotor position within a pole pitch at a coasting of the rotor, ie within a suitably predetermined time interval before the parking position to recognize.
  • the detected absolute rotor position in the parking position and within a pole pitch thus indicates the end position of the rotor with the engine off, from which the Abstellposition the shaft is derivable, since the rotor is rotatably connected to the shaft.
  • the detected absolute rotor position in the parking position and within a pole pitch of an evaluation unit of a control device (control unit) for controlling the ignition and / or injection of the internal combustion engine is supplied.
  • control unit control unit
  • the evaluation unit or the control unit with this information can optionally correct the parking position determined by means of the encoder wheel, z. B. within a stop phase of a stop-start operation in order to determine the correct injection timing at the next start can.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous in powertrain configurations in which separate control devices are provided for the control of the ignition and / or injection of the internal combustion engine and for the operation of the electric machine, which is usually required for the real-time capability of the control.
  • the position detection device is a resolver of the electrical machine, in particular a Mehrpolpolfarresolver. It has already been mentioned above that the position detection devices can also be a resolverless position detecting device.
  • a further aspect of the invention provides that in a detected direction of rotation reversal, the determined Abstellposition the shaft is determined by a value of the detected absolute rotor position in the Abstellposition and within a pole pitch, wherein the value is corrected by a predetermined phase offset between the encoder wheel and position detection device and a Unambiguity of this value is resolved with respect to the present pole pitches or with respect to the present pole position based on the detected by the sender wheel off position.
  • the sender wheel may be a conventional sender wheel, in particular a 60-2 sender wheel.
  • a control device which is designed to carry out a method as disclosed herein.
  • the invention further relates to a motor vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle, comprising such a control device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the flowchart schematically describes the determination of the stop position of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine, hereinafter also referred to as internal combustion engine, wherein the crankshaft comprises a transmitter wheel having a peripheral structure which (not shown) in passing on a sensor signals 5 triggers.
  • the sender wheel is a 60-2 sender wheel, ie, the sender wheel has 60 similar angle marks, two of which are missing, which have been milled out, for example, in order to generate a reference signal for determining the position on the basis of the gap.
  • the term circumferential structure of the encoder wheel is to be interpreted broadly and z. B. in the form of markings or a tooth structure.
  • the peripheral structure is formed from ridge-shaped or tooth-shaped radial projections and grooves or tooth spaces lying therebetween.
  • the encoder wheel is part of an arrangement for non-contact determination of the rotational speed of the shaft and further comprises a magnetically or optically operating sensor (speed sensor), which is arranged stationary to the encoder wheel, so that the peripheral structure is moved past the sensor device.
  • speed sensor a magnetically or optically operating sensor
  • the sensor works magnetically, it is equipped with a magnetic field sensor (eg Hall sensor). This is from a Magnet in the field of Hall sensors generates a magnetic field, which changes when passing a tooth of the gear. The Hall sensor detects this once the so-called basic field of the magnet. To this field strength of the basic field, a field strength originating from the mass of the encoder wheel is added.
  • a tooth is then assigned to the sensor instead of a tooth gap, this leads to a repeated amplification of the magnetic field for the duration of the assignment of the tooth to the sensor.
  • the Hall sensor thus detects this change in the magnetic field and generates an electrical signal from which the speed or a setting angle of the gear can be determined.
  • Each tooth thus gives a pulse, and by counting the pulses you can determine the speed. More specifically, the speed sensor does not recognize the tooth as such, but each transition from tooth to tooth gap or vice versa.
  • the time course 5 of such an electrical signal when switching off the internal combustion engine is exemplified in the middle diagram of FIG. 2 shown.
  • the successive detection of two flanks corresponds to a rotation angle of 3 °.
  • a control device for controlling the ignition and / or injection of the internal combustion engine controls based on the detected speed and / or position of the ignition and / or injection of the internal combustion engine.
  • the rotational speed of the crankshaft slows down until it comes to a standstill in a parking position.
  • this can be recognized by the increasing distance between the edges of the rectangular signal.
  • the speed sensor measures the penultimate edge 6 and at time T0 the last edge 7 of the encoder wheel before standstill.
  • a control device for controlling the ignition and / or injection of the internal combustion engine, to which the signal 5 is applied first interprets the last edge at time T0 as the 66 ° edge and determines the stop position as the 66 ° position (step G2).
  • a starter generator On the crankshaft, a starter generator is further arranged, whose rotor is rotatably connected to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine.
  • the starter generator is designed, for example, as an eight-pole synchronous machine, so that eight segments (poles), each covering 45 ° of the entire circumference of the machine, result for the synchronous machine.
  • the phase offset between resolver and encoder wheel was assumed to be 0 °.
  • the corresponding time course 1 of the resolver signal during shutdown of the internal combustion engine is in the upper diagram of FIG. 2 shown.
  • the corresponding time course 8 of the angle of rotation of the crankshaft during shutdown of the internal combustion engine is in the lower diagram of FIG. 2 shown.
  • the resolver continuously determines the rotor position for regulating the speed of the machine (step R1).
  • the steps G1 and R1 are executed in parallel and independently of each other in normal operation.
  • the resolver Since the resolver indicates an absolute rotor position within a pole pitch, a reversal of the direction of rotation can be detected directly on the time profile.
  • the resolver detects in step R2 that at a rotor position 2 of -30 ° and at time T1, a reversal of direction has taken place, since the time course of the rotor position after T1 drops again to a value of the rotor end position 3 from -42 ° to time T2 on which the rotor and thus also the crankshaft came to a standstill.
  • crankshaft The corresponding reversing position and parking position of the crankshaft are indicated in the lower diagram by the reference numerals 9 and 10.
  • the rotor stall of -42 ° determined in step R2 and the time T1 and optionally the time T2 are transmitted in step R3 via the CAN data bus of the vehicle to the control device for controlling the ignition and / or injection of the internal combustion engine.
  • control device for controlling the ignition and / or injection of the internal combustion engine in step G3 perform a correction of the determined parking position.
  • the control device detects by adjusting the time T0 (time of the last edge measurement) with the times T1 and T2 that the last edge after the time T1 and thus after the reversal of direction was measured, so that the determined in step G2 parking position of 66 ° not it is correct, because instead of the 66 ° -flank the 63 ° -flank was measured twice.
  • the control device can then determine the actual parking position based on the value of -42 ° of the detected absolute rotor position in the parking position and within a pole pitch. From the last edge 7 of 66 ° determined by means of the sender wheel in step G2, the control device can determine that the value of -42 ° indicates the absolute rotor position in that segment which lies between 45 ° and 90 °. Since the phase offset between encoder wheel and resolver is 0 ° in the present case, the parking position of the crankshaft, d. H.
  • the value of 62.2 ° can thus be defined as a corrected parking position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé de détermination de la position d'arrêt d'un arbre dans un moteur à combustion interne, l'arbre comprenant une roue de transmetteur qui possède une structure périphérique qui déclenche des signaux (5) lors du passage devant un capteur, une machine électrique, dont le rotor est relié en rotation solidaire avec l'arbre et qui comprend un dispositif de détection de position, qui est conçu pour détecter (R1) une position de rotor absolue (1) à l'intérieur d'un pas polaire,
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'une inversion de sens de rotation (9) de l'arbre est détectée au moyen du dispositif de détection de position, et en présence d'une inversion de sens de rotation détectée, une position de rotor absolue (3) détectée dans la position d'arrêt et à l'intérieur d'un pas polaire est utilisée (R2, G3) pour la correction d'une position d'arrêt de l'arbre déterminée au moyen de la roue de transmetteur
    et le dispositif de détection de position reconnaît l'inversion de sens de rotation à l'aide d'un mouvement de va-et-vient de la position de rotor absolue (1) détectée à l'intérieur d'un pas polaire lors d'une course d'inertie du rotor et
    en ce qu'en présence d'une inversion de sens de rotation détectée, la position d'arrêt déterminée de l'arbre est fixée à l'aide d'une valeur (3) de la position de rotor absolue détectée dans la position d'arrêt et à l'intérieur d'un pas polaire,
    la valeur étant corrigée d'un déphasage prédéfini entre la roue de transmetteur et le dispositif de détection de position et une ambiguïté de la valeur en référence aux pas polaires en présence étant résolue à l'aide de la position d'arrêt détectée par la roue de transmetteur.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la position de rotor absolue (3) détectée dans la position d'arrêt et à l'intérieur d'un pas polaire est acheminée (R3) à une unité d'interprétation d'un dispositif de commande destiné à commander l'allumage et/ou l'injection du moteur à combustion interne.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de détection de position est un résolveur de la machine électrique, notamment un résolveur à paires de pôles multiples.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce
    a) que la machine électrique est un générateur-démarreur, notamment un générateur-démarreur à vilebrequin ; et/ou
    b) que l'arbre est un vilebrequin ; et/ou
    c) que la roue de transmetteur est une roue de transmetteur 60-2.
  5. Dispositif de commande, qui est configuré pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes.
  6. Véhicule automobile, notamment véhicule utilitaire, comprenant un dispositif de commande selon la revendication 5, qui est configuré pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes.
EP16000666.4A 2015-04-13 2016-03-18 Procede de determination de position d'arret d'un arbre d'un moteur a combustion interne Active EP3081791B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015005263.2A DE102015005263A1 (de) 2015-04-13 2015-04-13 Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Abstellposition einer Welle einer Brennkraftmaschine

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3081791A1 EP3081791A1 (fr) 2016-10-19
EP3081791B1 true EP3081791B1 (fr) 2019-10-23

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002039008A (ja) * 1996-07-26 2002-02-06 Toyota Motor Corp 動力出力装置

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4230616A1 (de) 1992-09-12 1994-03-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einrichtung zur Erkennung der Stellung wenigstens einer, eine Referenzmarke aufweisenden Welle
US6681173B2 (en) * 2002-03-15 2004-01-20 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method and system for determining angular crankshaft position prior to a cranking event
JP3750626B2 (ja) * 2002-04-09 2006-03-01 トヨタ自動車株式会社 ハイブリッド車両の制御装置
DE102009000082A1 (de) 2009-01-08 2010-07-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Erkennung eines Motor-Stillstandes während des Auslaufens eines Motors, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102012212922A1 (de) 2012-07-24 2014-06-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Abstellposition einer Welle
DE102013203937A1 (de) 2013-03-07 2014-09-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische Maschine ohne Resolver
EP2990283B1 (fr) * 2013-04-26 2017-10-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif de commande de démarrage

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002039008A (ja) * 1996-07-26 2002-02-06 Toyota Motor Corp 動力出力装置

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DE102015005263A1 (de) 2016-10-13
EP3081791A1 (fr) 2016-10-19

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